Method for replacing choke ring of vertical crusher and vertical crusher

Abstract

To provide an exchange method of a choke ring of a vertical crusher which can pull out the choke ring arranged between a lower flange of a shell and an upper flange of a discharge ring to an outside of a radial direction.SOLUTION: In an exchange method of a choke ring of a vertical crusher which comprises a throw-in hood, a shell, a crush mechanism, a discharge ring, and a choke ring arranged between the shell and the discharge ring, and forming a clearance into which a crushed product falls between the crush mechanism and itself, and also comprises a spacer for forming a hollow space by the throw-in hood and the discharge ring, and forming an expansion space for expanding the hollow space in a direction along a rotating shaft, the exchange method includes: a grip pressure alleviation step for alleviating or releasing a grip pressure for gripping the spacer between members; a spacer removal step for removing the spacer after the grip pressure alleviation step; and a choke ring exchange step for exchanging the choke ring by using the space which is secured by the spacer removal step.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher that crushes discarded home appliances, bulky and non-burnable garbage, metal scraps, etc., and to a vertical crusher. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Vertical crushers are used as devices for crushing waste materials such as large home appliances in order to reuse them as resources.

[0003] The vertical crusher comprises an input hood for inputting the material to be crushed, a shell arranged at the lower end of the input hood, a crushing mechanism which rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell, a discharge ring through which the crushed material falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism, and a choke ring arranged between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring and which forms a gap through which the material to be crushed falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism.

[0004] The crushing mechanism is composed of a rotor that rotates around a rotation axis and a breaker attached to the top of the rotor, and the rotor is equipped with three disks installed in upper and lower tiers and multiple crushing grinders that are axially supported so as to rotate freely on the outer periphery of the disks. After the material to be crushed is roughly crushed by the breaker, it is finely crushed between the shell liner attached inside the shell and the crushing grinder.

[0005] Patent Document 1 discloses a particle size adjustment device for a crusher in which a member thicker than the movable choke ring is interposed between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, allowing each of the divided movable choke rings to move freely back and forth in the radial direction of the shell, and the outer ends of each movable choke ring protrude outward from both flanges. The protruding ends of each movable choke ring are connected to the outside of the shell by a screw-type or cylinder-type jack, so that each movable choke ring can be moved back and forth in the radial direction by the jack.

[0006] Patent Document 2 discloses a particle size adjustment mechanism for a crusher in which movable choke rings that can move back and forth radially are provided in multiple locations between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, the inner peripheral edge of these movable choke rings being formed as a comb-tooth edge with multiple notches, and each movable choke ring is equipped with a moving means for moving it radially back and forth, and a fixing means for fixing the movable choke ring integrally between the lower flange and the upper flange at a predetermined position.

[0007] The particle size adjustment mechanism disclosed is a crusher in which the movable choke ring is formed from two ring plates, an upper choke ring plate having a comb-tooth edge and a lower choke ring plate having an arc-shaped peripheral edge, and the lower choke ring plate is stacked and movable relative to the upper choke ring plate so that the arc-shaped peripheral edge of the lower choke ring plate overlaps with the notch in the comb-tooth edge of the upper choke ring plate at any position, a predetermined gap is set between the rotor and the inner peripheral end of the comb-tooth edge that is less than the set particle size, and the particle size can be fine-tuned. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 5-74641 [Patent Document 2] JP 2003-117414 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] In both cases, the choke ring is moved forward and backward radially to adjust the size of the gap formed between the lower end of the crushing mechanism and the inner tip edge of the choke ring, thereby adjusting the particle size of the crushed material falling from the gap into the discharge ring.

[0010] When the choke ring became worn, the lower flange of the shell was jacked up from the upper flange of the discharge ring to create a small gap between the two flanges, and the choke ring was pulled outward in the radial direction and replaced with a new choke ring.

[0011] However, when the material to be crushed that has been crushed between the shell liner and the crushing mechanism falls into the discharge ring, there have been cases where the material falls and collides with the inner tip region of the choke ring, causing a phenomenon in which the inner tip of the choke ring becomes distorted and tilts downward over time.

[0012] In this case, even if one attempts to pull the distorted choke ring radially outward in order to replace it, the distorted area in the choke ring gets caught in the small gap formed between the two flanges, making it impossible to pull it out radially outward.

[0013] This is because a large and heavy feeding hood is installed directly above the shell of the vertical crusher, and the frame of the vertical crusher is restrained by the foundation, making it difficult to jack up the machine until a sufficient gap can be secured between the two flanges.

[0014] In such cases, a heavy crushing mechanism installed inside the shell had to be lifted up using a hoist and removed from the shell, after which an operator had to enter the inside of the shell, pull out the choke ring radially inward through the small gap formed between the two flanges, install a new choke ring, and then reinstall the crushing mechanism inside the shell, which was a very complicated task.

[0015] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional technology, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher, which can secure a gap of the required size between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, and which can pull out the choke ring radially outward, and a vertical crusher. [Means for solving the problem]

[0016] In order to achieve the above object, a first characteristic configuration of a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher according to the present invention is a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher, comprising: an input hood for inputting objects to be crushed; a shell arranged at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring through which the objects to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring arranged between a lower flange of the shell and an upper flange of the discharge ring, forming a gap through which the objects to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism. A method for replacing a choke ring in a vertical crusher having a spacer that forms a hollow space by the discharge ring, the shell, and the discharge ring, and that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation shaft, the method comprising: a clamping pressure reducing step of reducing or releasing the clamping pressure between members that clamp the spacer when replacing the choke ring; a spacer removing step of removing the spacer after the clamping pressure reducing step; and a choke ring replacing step of replacing the choke ring using the space secured by the spacer removing step.

[0017] If an expanded space is formed by expanding the hollow space formed by the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring in the direction along the rotation axis via the spacer, when replacing the choke ring, a clamping pressure reduction step is performed to reduce or release the clamping pressure between the members clamping the spacer, and then the spacer is removed in the spacer removal step, so that a space capable of lifting the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring by the expanded space secured by the spacer can be secured. In other words, the gap expands by the thickness of the spacer, and even a choke ring with distortion at its radially inner tip can be pulled out radially outward.

[0018] The second characteristic configuration is, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, that the choke ring replacement process is a process of replacing the choke ring by utilizing the expansion space secured by the spacer removal process to secure the space required to replace the choke ring between the upper flange of the discharge ring and the lower flange of the shell.

[0019] Regardless of whether the spacer that forms the expansion space is positioned in the hollow space formed by the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring, the expansion space secured by the spacer ensures that there is enough space to lift the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring, and therefore the gap required to pull out radially outward can be secured even for a choke ring with a downwardly bent tip.

[0020] The third characteristic configuration is, in addition to the first or second characteristic configuration described above, that it includes a spacer assembly step of installing the spacer between the members to restore the clamping pressure between the members after the choke ring replacement step.

[0021] After replacing the choke ring, a spacer is attached between the members whose clamping pressure has been reduced or released in the clamping pressure reducing step, and the clamping pressure between the members is restored, thereby completing the spacer replacement operation.

[0022] A first characteristic configuration of the vertical crusher according to the present invention is a vertical crusher comprising: an input hood for inputting materials to be crushed; a shell arranged at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism rotating around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring through which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring arranged between a lower flange of the shell and an upper flange of the discharge ring and forming a gap through which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism, the vertical crusher forming a hollow space with the input hood, the shell and the discharge ring, and further comprising a spacer forming an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis, the spacer being Constructed of metal or hard resinThe feature is that the nozzle is mounted between or within any of the adjacent members constituting the input hood, the shell and the discharge ring.

[0023] In order to replace the choke ring whose tip has been bent downward due to the crushing process, it is necessary to secure a sufficient gap between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring. However, it is difficult to lift the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring, including the input hood arranged directly above the shell and fixed via a support frame. In such a case, if a spacer is attached between or within any of the adjacent members constituting the input hood, shell, and discharge ring, which secures the space required to replace the choke ring, it is possible to secure a lifting allowance for lifting the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring by the space formed by removing the spacer.

[0024] The second characteristic feature of the present invention is that, in addition to the first characteristic feature described above, the spacer is divided into a plurality of spacer pieces.

[0025] The spacer is a member that expands the hollow space formed by the input hood, shell, and discharge ring in the direction along the rotation axis, and if it is constructed as a single unit, it becomes a very large and heavy member, and the work of attaching and detaching the spacer itself is very time-consuming and requires heavy machinery, etc. However, if it is constructed as a multiple spacer piece, each spacer piece can be made small and lightweight, improving workability.

[0026] The third characteristic feature of the present invention is that, in addition to the second characteristic feature described above, the spacer is provided with a protruding piece portion protruding outward from the outer edge thereof.

[0027] In normal use, the spacer is pressed against the members that hold it from above and below, so even if the clamping pressure between the members that hold the spacer is reduced or released, the spacer may become stuck to the members above and below and may not be easily detached. However, if a protruding piece that protrudes outward is formed on the outer edge of the spacer, the spacer can be detached by applying a mechanical force such as a strike to the protruding piece, or by entangling a tool around the protruding piece.

[0028] The fourth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any of the first to third characteristic configurations described above, the thickness of the spacer is configured to be at least thicker than the expected maximum deformation amount of the choke ring that occurs at the tip side due to the impact of the object to be crushed.

[0029] By forming the spacer to have a thickness greater than the expected maximum deformation allowance of the choke ring, the choke ring can be appropriately pulled out radially outward.

[0030] The fifth characteristic configuration is, in addition to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations described above, that the feeding hood is supported on a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support part provided around the feeding hood, and the spacer is attached between the lower flange of the feeding hood and the upper flange of the shell.

[0031] By supporting the heavy dosing hood on the support frame, the dosing hood can be lifted upward relative to the support frame, and the spacer attached between the lower flange of the dosing hood and the upper flange of the shell can be easily removed, and the space previously occupied by the spacer can be used as space for lifting the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring.

[0032] The sixth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations described above, the feeding hood is composed of an upper feeding hood supported on a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support portion provided around the feeding hood, and a lower feeding hood flange-connected to the upper feeding hood, and the spacer is attached between the lower flange of the upper feeding hood and the upper flange of the lower feeding hood.

[0033] By supporting the heavy dosing hood on the support frame, the dosing hood can be lifted upward relative to the support frame, and the spacer attached between the lower flange of the dosing hood and the upper flange of the lower dosing hood can be easily removed, and the space previously occupied by the spacer can be used as space for lifting the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring. Effect of the Invention

[0034] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher, and a vertical crusher, which can secure a gap of the required size between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring and pull out the choke ring radially outward. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1] Partial cutaway diagram of a vertical crusher [Diagram 2] An explanatory diagram showing a vertical cross section of the main parts of a vertical crusher [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a vertical cross section of a main part of a vertical crusher in which a spacer is disposed between a lower flange of a shell and an upper flange of a discharge ring. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of a main part of a vertical crusher in which a spacer is disposed between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring. [Diagram 5]FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of a hatched essential part of the spacer shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is a plan view of the spacer. [Figure 6] FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which a spacer is disposed between the lower flange of the shell and the choke ring, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state before the spacer is disposed. [Figure 7] 1A to 1C are explanatory diagrams showing different installation states of a choke ring and a spacer. [Figure 8] Schematic explanatory diagram of a vertical crusher from a rear view [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a side view of a vertical crusher. A spacer SP is attached between a lower flange 40A of the input hood 40 and an upper flange 7B of the shell 7. [Figure 10] FIG. 1(a) is a plan view of the upper flange of the shell, FIG. 1(b) is a plan view of a spacer formed by dividing the spacer in the circumferential direction of the upper flange of the shell, FIG. 1(c) is a plan view of a spacer disposed on the upper surface of the upper flange of the shell, and FIG. 1(d) is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a spacer fastened by a bolt via a gasket between the lower flange of the input hood and the upper flange of the shell. [Figure 11] 1A is a plan view of the upper flange of the lower input hood, FIG. 1B is a plan view of a spacer formed by dividing the spacer in the circumferential direction of the upper flange of the lower input hood, FIG. 1C is a plan view of a spacer disposed on the upper surface of the upper flange of the lower input hood, and FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a spacer fastened by a bolt via a gasket between the lower flange of the upper input hood and the upper flange of the lower input hood. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] Hereinafter, a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher and a vertical crusher according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Fig. 1, the vertical crusher 1 is a device that crushes waste such as large home appliances in order to reuse them as resources. The vertical crusher 1 is equipped with a crushing unit 5 and an electric motor 3 that drives the crushing unit 5 on an equipment frame 2 fixed to a concrete floor.

[0037] The crushing section 5 includes a cylindrical discharge ring 6 fixed to the device frame 2, a cylindrical shell 7 arranged on the upper part of the discharge ring 6, and a crushing mechanism 8 attached to a rotating shaft 4 arranged in the center of the shell 7. The rotating shaft 4 is drivably connected to an electric motor 3 via a power transmission mechanism such as a belt.

[0038] An input hood 40 is provided on the top of the shell 7, and the objects to be crushed transported by a belt-type conveyor mechanism (not shown) are dropped into the shell 7 through an input port 11 formed in the side wall of the input hood 40. A blast exhaust duct 12 is provided on the top surface of the input hood 40, and an opening / closing door (not shown) is provided on the back of the input hood 40 to introduce a crane mechanism such as a hoist for hoisting the crushing mechanism 8.

[0039] A support frame F is constructed around the vertical crusher 1, which is composed of multiple vertical frames F1 and multiple horizontal frames F suspended between the vertical frames F1. A floor member (not shown) that serves as a foothold for an operator is placed between the multiple horizontal frames F2. For example, an H-shaped steel is used as the horizontal frame F2. A heavy loading hood 40 is supported on a part of such support frame F via a support part. Note that the support frame F shown in FIG. 1 is an example for easy understanding, and differs from the configuration of the support frame F that is actually installed.

[0040] 2 shows an example of a vertical cross section of the crushing section 5. The shell 7 is formed in a cylindrical shape that gradually expands in diameter from the bottom to the top, and a plurality of shell liners 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals inside. The shell is made of general structural rolled steel SS, and the shell liners 13 are made of wear-resistant castings. In this embodiment, the expression "shell 7" is used to include the shell liners 13.

[0041] The crushing mechanism 8 is composed of a rotor 17 that rotates around the rotating shaft 4, and a breaker 14 provided on the upper part of the rotor 17. The breaker 14 has a pair of breaker arms 15, 16 that are formed to extend radially from the rotating shaft 4. The rotor 17 has disks 18 installed in three stages, one above the other, and a plurality of crushing grinders 19 are axially supported on the outer periphery of the disks 18 so as to be freely rotatable.

[0042] As the breaker 14 and rotor 17 rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 4, the material to be crushed placed inside the shell 7 is first struck by the breaker arms 15, 16 to be roughly crushed, and then the roughly crushed material is finely crushed between the crushing grinder 19 provided on the rotor 17 and the shell liner 13. Note that the shell liner 13 is not limited to a structure arranged to cover the inside of the shell 7, and may have protrusions that protrude radially inward from the inside of the shell 7, so long as it is a structure arranged inside the shell 7 and crushes the material to be crushed between the crushing mechanism.

[0043] A choke ring 20 is installed between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6. The objects to be crushed CM fall into the discharge ring 6 from a gap S formed between the lowest disk 18 of the rotor 17 and the choke ring 20 arranged on its outer periphery. The objects to be crushed CM that have fallen into the discharge ring 6 are swept inside the discharge ring 50 by a sweeper 6S that is installed in the discharge ring 6 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 4, and are discharged from an opening formed in the side wall of the discharge ring 6 to a discharge port 60 formed in the device frame 2.

[0044] When the objects to be crushed CM fall into the discharge ring 6, they collide with the inner tip region of the choke ring 20, causing distortion over time in which the inner tip of the choke ring 20 tilts downward. If the size of the gap S increases due to distortion, there is a risk that the particle size of the objects to be crushed CM will increase, and so it becomes necessary to replace the choke ring 20 with a distortion-free choke ring. Note that a distorted choke ring 20 can be repaired by processing such as sheet metal or padding after replacement and reused.

[0045] To replace the choke ring 20, the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 is lifted from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, creating a small space (gap) between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and the choke ring 20 is pulled out radially outward through that space (gap).

[0046] However, if the inner tip of the choke ring 20 is inclined downward, the distorted area generated in the choke ring 20 becomes caught in the small gap formed between the two flanges, making it impossible to pull the choke ring 20 outward in the radial direction.

[0047] Therefore, the vertical crusher 1 is provided with a spacer SP that forms an expansion space that expands the cylindrical hollow space formed by the input hood 40, the shell 7, and the discharge ring 6 in the direction along the rotation shaft 4.

[0048] When replacing the choke ring 20, first remove the spacer SP, and then use the space secured by the spacer SP to form a gap between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and then pull out the choke ring 20 from the gap. This will be explained in detail below.

[0049] [First embodiment of spacer] The first aspect will be described below. Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of the main part of the vertical crusher 1 equipped with a spacer, and Fig. 4 shows a transverse section of the main part of the vertical crusher 1. In Fig. 4, the crushing mechanism 8 provided inside the shell 7 is omitted. Fig. 5(a) shows a transverse section of the main part with the spacer SP shown in Fig. 4 hatched.

[0050] 3, a spacer SP is attached between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6. In this embodiment, the spacer SP is disposed on the upper surface of the choke ring 20, but the spacer SP may be disposed either above or below the choke ring 20.

[0051] 4 and 5(a), six choke ring guides 22, each of which has a substantially triangular shape in a plan view, are provided at intervals of 60° between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and six choke rings 20 and spacers SP, each of which has a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, are overlappingly arranged between each choke ring guide 22. Note that the number of choke ring guides 22 and choke rings 20 is not particularly limited to six.

[0052] The choke ring guide 22 is a component that guides the insertion and removal direction of the choke ring 20 and also serves as a distance piece that maintains a constant distance between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and is fastened to the lower flange 7A with bolts. The thickness of the choke ring guide 22 is set to the same thickness as the combined thickness of the choke ring 20 and the spacer SP.

[0053] Choke ring 20 is a flat plate having a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, with both sides formed parallel to each other. Furthermore, the radial inner edge of choke ring 20 is formed in an arc shape so as to leave a small gap between it and the outer periphery of disk 18 provided on rotor 17, and multiple comb-tooth-shaped notches 20C are formed in the arc shape.

[0054] The choke ring 20 is attached by a position adjustment mechanism 30 so that it can move radially in and out along the left and right sides of the choke ring guide 22 between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A, and the gap S between the comb teeth formed on the radial inner edge of the choke ring 20 and the outer edge of the lowest disc 18 provided on the rotor 17 is adjusted, and the crushed particle size of the material CM to be crushed is adjusted to the extent that it will fall through the gap S.

[0055] Each choke ring 20 has a pair of left and right elongated holes 20A drilled parallel to both sides, and a elongated hole 20B having a larger diameter than the elongated hole 20A drilled between the pair of elongated holes 20A. The pair of elongated holes 20A serve as bolt insertion holes for fastening the choke ring 20 between the two flanges 6A, 7A via bolts 23 and nuts 24 so that the choke ring 20 does not move due to the impact of crushing (see FIG. 3).

[0056] The long hole 20B serves as an insertion hole for inserting a jack bolt 25 for lifting the shell 7. The jack bolt 25 is screwed into a threaded hole drilled in the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and the lower end of the jack bolt 25 is inserted through the long hole 20B and abuts against the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6. In this state, the lower flange 7A, i.e., the shell 7, is lifted from the upper flange 6A by further rotating the jack bolt 25 (see FIG. 3). In this way, the long holes 20A and 20B are formed so that the radial position of the choke ring 20 can be adjusted with no load applied to the choke ring 20.

[0057] The position adjustment mechanism 30 includes a threaded bolt 32 rotatably held on a base 31 welded to the lower flange 7A, and a movable top 33 screwed into the threaded bolt 32, and the movable top 33 is fixed to the choke ring 20 via an attachment portion 34. The threaded bolt 32 is rotatable relative to the base 31 but is held so as not to move horizontally. When the head of the threaded bolt 32 is rotated with a tool such as a wrench, the movable top 33 screwed into the threaded bolt 32 moves horizontally, whereby the choke ring 20 to which the movable top 33 is attached moves in the radial direction.

[0058] In addition to the choke ring 20, a spacer SP is provided between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A to ensure a withdrawal allowance for the choke ring 20. As described above, the choke ring 20 is configured to be able to move radially in and out between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A by the position adjustment mechanism 30, and the spacer SP is disposed overlapping the choke ring 20 and is positioned and fixed between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A.

[0059] 5(a) and (b), the spacer SP is formed with an arc shape on the radial inside and outside, and the left and right ends are formed parallel to match the left and right ends of the choke ring 20. Two protruding pieces SP5 are formed on the radial outside of the spacer SP, which protrude outward from the outer edge of the lower flange 7A. Furthermore, openings SP3 and SP4 are formed, through which the above-mentioned bolt 23 and jack bolt 25 can be inserted.

[0060] Unlike the long holes 20A, 20B formed in the choke ring 20, the openings SP3, SP4 formed in the spacer SP are round holes, and therefore radial movement is prevented and the spacer SP is positioned and fixed at a predetermined position between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A.

[0061] In this example, the radial inner edge portion SP1 of the spacer SP is fixed at a position flush with or slightly protruding from the inner edge of the lower flange 7A, where the object to be crushed CM will not collide with it. The radial outer edge portion SP2 of the spacer SP is fixed so as to be flush with the outer edge of the lower flange 7A, and the protruding piece portion SP5 is disposed so as to protrude from the outer edge of the lower flange 7A. The radial inner edge portion SP1 of the spacer SP may be recessed radially outward from the inner edge of the lower flange 7A. In this case, the radial width of the spacer SP may be configured to be up to about half the radial width of the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A.

[0062] As shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), if the inner edge of the choke ring 20 is distorted downward, it becomes necessary to lift the shell 1 using the jack bolts 25 described above to create a gap between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A, pull the choke ring 20 radially outward, and replace it with a new choke ring 20.

[0063] Since the gap formed between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A is only about 1 to 2 mm, there are cases where the distorted portion gets caught and makes it difficult to pull out. Even in such cases, if a spacer SP is placed between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A in advance, and then the spacer SP is removed, the gap between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A becomes wider by the thickness of the spacer SP, making it possible to pull out the choke ring 20 smoothly.

[0064] In this embodiment, the choke ring 20 is made of a wear-resistant steel plate and has a thickness of 25 mm, and the spacer SP is made of SUS and has a thickness of 5 mm.

[0065] The thickness of the spacer SP should be thicker than the expected maximum deformation of the distortion of the choke ring 20 caused at the tip side by the impact of the object to be crushed CM. The expected maximum deformation is a value determined by the crushing capacity of the vertical crusher 1, the type of object to be crushed by the vertical crusher 1, and the material and thickness of the choke ring 20, and is not a fixed value. For example, it is set in the range of 2 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 4 mm to 6 mm. The thickness of the spacer SP is the same in the second and third embodiments described later.

[0066] When replacing the choke rings 20, the jack bolts 25 are inserted into each of the six choke rings 20, the shells 7 are evenly lifted from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and the position adjustment mechanism 30 provided on the choke ring 20 to be replaced is removed.

[0067] Thereafter, jack bolt 25 is pulled out, and spacer SP is removed to widen the gap, followed by replacement of choke ring 20. If spacer SP is in tight contact with lower flange 7A or choke ring 20, the tight contact can be easily eliminated by inserting a jig into a hole formed in protruding piece SP5 to apply a tensile force or by applying a mechanical shock to protruding piece SP5.

[0068] After replacing the choke ring 20, the spacer SP is attached again and the position adjustment mechanism 30 is assembled. The choke ring 20 is positioned in a predetermined position using the position adjustment mechanism 30. The jack bolt 25 is then inserted to maintain the gap between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A, and the same procedure is then repeated for the other spacer SP.

[0069] It is also possible to evenly lift the shell 7 using small hydraulic jacks instead of the jack bolts 25. In this case, it is preferable to install the hydraulic jacks at three positions with a central angle of approximately 120 degrees.

[0070] In the above-described embodiment, a configuration has been described in which a single choke ring 20 is provided with comb-tooth-shaped notches 20C formed on the radial inner edge as shown in FIG. 7(a), however, the configuration of the choke ring 20 is not limited to this example.

[0071] For example, as shown in Fig. 7(b), even if the choke ring 20 does not have comb-tooth-shaped notches 20C and is simply formed in an arc on the radial inner edge, the spacer SP can be overlapped in the same manner. Also, as shown in Fig. 7(c), it is also possible to provide two choke rings 20, one above the other, with the upper choke ring being configured similarly to the choke ring 20 shown in Fig. 7(a) and the lower choke ring being configured similarly to the choke ring 20 shown in Fig. 7(b) and simply formed in an arc on the radial inner edge, and the depth of the comb-tooth-shaped notches 20C can be adjusted by the choke ring provided on the lower side.

[0072] [Second embodiment of the spacer] The second aspect will now be described. 8 and 9, the feeding hood 40 is installed directly above the shell 7. The feeding hood 40 is supported by a support frame F (horizontal frame) constructed around the vertical crusher 1 via a plurality of support parts 41 provided around the cylindrical side wall, and is fixed with bolts B1 and nuts N1.

[0073] Spacer SP is mounted between lower flange 40A of input hood 40 and upper flange 7B of shell 7.

[0074] 10(a) to 10(d), the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 is formed in an annular shape in a plan view, and is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 7h for fixing in the circumferential direction. The lower flange 10A of the input hood 40 is also formed in an annular shape in a plan view, and is provided with bolt holes at positions corresponding to the bolt holes 7h.

[0075] A spacer SP, which is divided into a plurality of spacer pieces in the circumferential direction, is disposed along the upper surface of the upper flange 7B of the shell 7. The spacer SP has an arc-shaped radial inner side SP1 and an arc-shaped outer side SP2, and the radial width is set so that the outer side is flush with the outer surface of the upper flange 7B and the inner side is slightly recessed from the inner surface of the upper flange 7B. The left and right edges are also formed in a shape that follows the radial direction.

[0076] The spacer SP has two protruding pieces SP5 formed on the radially outer side thereof, which protrude outward from the outer edge of the upper flange 7B. The number of protruding pieces SP5 is not particularly limited. Furthermore, the spacer SP has a notch SP6 formed on the radially inner side thereof, which has an open end through which the above-mentioned bolt can be inserted.

[0077] Spacer SP is disposed between upper flange 7B of shell 7 and lower flange 40A of input hood 40 so as to be sandwiched from above and below via gasket 40P, and is fastened and fixed by bolts B2 and nuts N2.

[0078] When removing the spacer SP from between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40, first, the bolt B2 that is fastened and fixed is loosened, and then the bolt B1 that fixes the support part 41 to the support frame F (horizontal frame) is loosened. After that, the input hood 40 is lifted from the support frame F (horizontal frame) using a towing tool such as a hoist. This reduces or releases the clamping pressure between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40, which are members that clamp the spacer SP.

[0079] Thereafter, spacer SP is pulled out radially outward and removed, thereby ensuring a space between upper flange 7B of shell 7 and lower flange 40A of input hood 40. If spacer SP is in tight contact with lower flange 40A or upper flange 7B, the tight contact can be easily eliminated by inserting a jig into a hole formed in protruding piece SP5 to apply a tensile force or by applying a mechanical shock to protruding piece SP5.

[0080] Furthermore, as explained in the first embodiment, the shell 7 is evenly lifted from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 by screwing the jack bolts 25 into the respective threaded holes for the jack bolts 25 formed in the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and the position adjustment mechanism 30 provided on the choke ring 20 to be replaced is removed. At this time, a gap with a thickness equivalent to that of the spacer SP is formed between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7.

[0081] Thereafter, the jack bolt 25 is pulled out, and one of the choke rings 20 is replaced. After replacing one of the choke rings 20, the position adjustment mechanism 30 is reassembled, and the choke ring 20 is positioned in a predetermined position by the position adjustment mechanism 30. Then, the jack bolt 25 is inserted to maintain the gap between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A, and the same operation is repeated for the other choke ring 20.

[0082] After the replacement work is completed, the jack bolts 25 are removed, and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 are fastened together with the bolts B2. Next, all of the removed spacers SP are inserted between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the feeding hood 40, and the feeding hood 40 that has been lifted up using a hoist or the like is pulled down. The upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the feeding hood 40 are fastened and fixed with bolts B2 and nuts N2, respectively, and further, the support part 41 is fastened and fixed to the support frame F (horizontal frame) with bolts B1 and nuts N1.

[0083] [Third embodiment of the spacer] The third aspect will now be described. 8 and 9, the feeding hood 40 disposed directly above the shell 7 is supported by a support frame F (horizontal frame F2) constructed around the vertical crusher 1 via a plurality of support parts 41 provided around the feeding hood 40, and is fixed with bolts B1 and nuts N1. The configuration of the feeding hood 40 is the same as that of the second embodiment described above, except for the installation position of the spacer SP.

[0084] The input hood 40 is divided into an upper input hood 44 and a lower input hood 46, and a spacer SP is attached between a lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and an upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46.

[0085] 11(a) to (d), the upper flange 46B of the lower feeding hood 46 is formed in a keyhole shape in plan view with an annular portion 461 and a rectangular portion 462 that serves as the entrance portion of the conveyor mechanism that transports the objects to be crushed, and is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 46h for fixing in the circumferential direction. The lower flange 44A of the upper feeding hood 44 is also formed in a keyhole shape in plan view with an annular portion and a rectangular portion that are connected, and is provided with bolt holes at positions corresponding to the bolt holes 46h.

[0086] A spacer SP, which is divided into a plurality of spacer pieces in the circumferential direction, is disposed along the upper surface of the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46. The spacer SP disposed in the annular portion 461 has an arc-shaped radial inner side SP1 and an outer side SP2, and is formed so that the outer side is flush with the outer surface of the upper flange 7B and the inner side is slightly recessed from the inner surface of the upper flange 7B.

[0087] The spacer SP arranged in the rectangular portion 462 is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed in a plane, with its outer side flush with the outer surface of the upper flange 46B and its inner side slightly recessed from the inner surface of the upper flange 46B.

[0088] Each spacer SP has two protruding pieces SP5 formed on the radially outer side thereof, which protrude outward from the outer edge of the upper flange 46B. The number of protruding pieces SP5 is not particularly limited. Furthermore, each spacer SP has a notch SP6 formed on the radially inner side thereof, which has an open end through which the above-mentioned bolt can be inserted.

[0089] As shown in FIG. 11(c), the spacer SP is inserted between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46 so as to be sandwiched from above and below via a gasket 46P, and is fastened and fixed with a bolt B3 and a nut N3.

[0090] When removing the spacer SP from between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, first, the bolt B3 that has been fastened and fixed is loosened, and then the bolt B1 that fixes the support part 41 to the support frame F (horizontal frame) is loosened. After that, the input hood 40 is lifted up from the support frame F (horizontal frame) using a towing tool such as a hoist. This reduces or releases the clamping pressure between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, which are members that clamp the spacer SP.

[0091] Thereafter, the spacer SP is pulled out radially outward and removed, thereby ensuring a space between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46. If the spacer SP is in close contact with the lower flange 44A or the upper flange 46B, the close contact can be easily eliminated by inserting a jig into a hole formed in the protruding piece SP5 to apply a tensile force or by applying a mechanical shock to the protruding piece SP5.

[0092] Furthermore, as explained in the first embodiment, the shell 7 is evenly lifted from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 by screwing the jack bolts 25 into the respective threaded holes for the jack bolts 25 formed in the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and the position adjustment mechanism 30 provided on the choke ring 20 to be replaced is removed. At this time, a gap with a thickness equivalent to that of the spacer SP is formed between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7.

[0093] Thereafter, the jack bolt 25 is pulled out, and one of the choke rings 20 is replaced. After replacing one of the choke rings 20, the position adjustment mechanism 30 is reassembled, and the choke ring 20 is positioned in a predetermined position by the position adjustment mechanism 30. Then, the jack bolt 25 is inserted to maintain the gap between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A, and the same operation is repeated for the other choke ring 20.

[0094] After the replacement work is completed, the jack bolts 25 are removed, and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 are fastened together with the bolts B2. Next, all of the removed spacers SP are inserted between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, and the input hood 40 that has been lifted up using a hoist or the like is pulled down. The lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46 are fastened and fixed with bolts B3 and nuts N3, respectively, and further, the support part 41 is fastened and fixed to the support frame F (horizontal frame) with bolts B1 and nuts N1.

[0095] In the second and third embodiments described above, the spacer SP is attached between the flanges via a gasket, but the gasket alone may function as the spacer SP. A hard resin is preferably used as the material for the gasket.

[0096] Any of the spacers according to the first to third embodiments described above can be used to properly replace the choke ring 20. That is, the spacer SP only needs to be installed between or within any of the adjacent members 6, 7, and 10 constituting the input hood 40, the shell 7, and the discharge ring 6.

[0097] As described above, the method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher according to the present invention includes a clamping pressure reducing step of reducing or releasing the clamping pressure between the members clamping the spacer when replacing the choke ring, a spacer removing step of removing the spacer after the clamping pressure reducing step, and a choke ring replacing step of replacing the choke ring by using the space secured by the spacer removing step.

[0098] The choke ring replacement process is a process in which the choke ring is replaced by utilizing the expanded space secured by the spacer removal process to secure the space required to replace the choke ring between the upper flange of the discharge ring and the lower flange of the shell.

[0099] The method also includes a spacer installation step, which is performed after the choke ring replacement step, of installing a spacer between the members to restore the clamping pressure between the members.

[0100] Incidentally, the above-described embodiment is merely one example of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the specific structure, shape, size, etc. of each part can be appropriately modified and designed within the scope of the effects of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0101] 1: Vertical crusher 2: Equipment frame 3: Electric motor 4: Rotation axis 4 5: Crushing processing section 6: Discharge Ring 6A: Upper flange 60: Outlet 7:Shell 7A: Shell bottom flange 7B: Shell upper flange 8: Crushing mechanism 13: Shellliner 14: Breaker 15,16: Breaker arm 17:Rota 18: Disk 19: Crushing Grinder 20: Choke ring 40: Food to be added 40A: Lower flange of the input hood 40A and the upper flange 7B of the shell 7. 40P: Gasket 44: Top loading hood 44A: Lower flange of upper inlet hood 46: Lower loading hood 46P: Gasket 46B: Upper flange of lower inlet hood SP: Spacer

Claims

1. A method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher comprising: an input hood for inputting materials to be crushed; a shell disposed at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring into which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring disposed between a lower flange of the shell and an upper flange of the discharge ring and forming a gap into which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism, wherein the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring form a hollow space, and the vertical crusher is provided with a spacer that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis, a clamping pressure reducing step of reducing or releasing a clamping pressure between members that clamp the spacer when replacing the choke ring; a spacer removing step of removing the spacer after the clamping pressure reducing step; a choke ring replacement process for replacing the choke ring by using the space secured by the spacer removal process; How to replace the choke ring of a vertical crusher including.

2. 2. The method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the choke ring replacement step is a step of replacing the choke ring by securing a space required for replacing the choke ring between the upper flange of the discharge ring and the lower flange of the shell, by utilizing the expansion space secured by the spacer removal step.

3. 3. The method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a spacer installation step of mounting the spacer between the members to restore the clamping pressure between the members after the choke ring replacement step.

4. A vertical crusher comprising: an input hood for inputting materials to be crushed; a shell disposed at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring through which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring disposed between a lower flange of the shell and an upper flange of the discharge ring, forming a gap through which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism, wherein the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring form a hollow space; a spacer that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis, The spacer is made of metal or hard resin and is attached between or within any of adjacent members among the members constituting the feeding hood, the shell, and the discharge ring.

5. 5. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer is divided into a plurality of spacer pieces.

6. 6. The vertical crusher according to claim 5, wherein said spacer is provided with a protruding piece portion protruding outward from an outer edge thereof.

7. 7. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer has a thickness larger than an estimated maximum deformation of the choke ring caused at its tip end by an impact of the object to be crushed.

8. The feeding hood is supported by a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support portion provided around the feeding hood, 8. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer is mounted between a lower flange of the input hood and an upper flange of the shell.

9. The feeding hood is composed of an upper feeding hood supported on a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support part provided around the feeding hood, and a lower feeding hood flange-connected to the upper feeding hood, 8. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer is mounted between a lower flange of the upper input hood and an upper flange of the lower input hood.

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