Motor

Abstract

To provide a motor capable of reducing the risk of damage to an electronic component due to a load, the risk of reduction in detection sensitivity of electronic component, and the risk of generation of dew condensation on a surface of the electronic component.SOLUTION: A motor comprises a shaft extending along a vertically extending central axis, and a stator attached to the shaft. The stator has a substrate unit 150. The substrate unit comprises: a circuit board 10 extended in a first direction crossing an axial direction; a spacer 20 located axially above or below the circuit board, and having a penetration passage 21 axially penetrating the spacer; and an electronic component 30 electrically connected with the circuit board. At least a part of the electronic component is arranged in the penetration passage. The spacer has an opening 22 opening in a second direction crossing the axial direction and connected with the penetration passage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a motor. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, motors having Hall elements are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The Hall elements detect changes in magnetic flux of a magnet that rotates around a central axis to detect the rotation angle of the rotor. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] China Utility Model Registration CN 207782581 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In Patent Document 1, electronic components such as Hall elements are embedded in a stator core. The electronic components are positioned radially opposite to the magnets of the rotor. In this configuration, when the electronic components are attached to the stator core, a load is applied to the electronic components, which may damage the electronic components. In addition, the magnetic flux generated by the coil wound around the stator core becomes noise. As a result, the detection sensitivity of the electronic components may decrease. The decrease in the detection sensitivity of the electronic components may lead to a decrease in the rotation accuracy of the motor. Furthermore, if condensation occurs on the surface of the electronic components, the electronic components may be short-circuited.

[0005] In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a motor that can reduce the risk of electronic components being damaged by load and the risk of the detection sensitivity of the electronic components being reduced, as well as the risk of condensation occurring on the surface of the electronic components. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] An exemplary motor of the present invention includes a shaft extending along a central axis extending vertically, and a stator attached to the shaft. The stator has a substrate portion. The substrate portion includes a circuit board extending in a first direction intersecting an axial direction, a spacer located axially above or below the circuit board and having a through passage passing through in the axial direction, and an electronic component electrically connected to the circuit board. At least a portion of the electronic component is disposed in the through passage. The spacer has an opening that opens in a second direction intersecting an axial direction and connects to the through passage. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the risk of the electronic component being damaged by a load, the risk of the detection sensitivity of the electronic component being reduced, and the risk of condensation occurring on the surface of the electronic component. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a motor according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of the motor. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a side view of the motor. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of the motor. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the base plate of the motor. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the spacer of the base plate portion as viewed from above in the axial direction. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the spacer as viewed from below in the axial direction. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a front view of the electronic components of the board portion as viewed from the inside in the radial direction. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a front view of the base plate portion as viewed from the radially inner side. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a front view of another base plate portion as viewed from the inside in the radial direction. [Figure 11]FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the base plate portion as viewed from above in the axial direction. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the base plate portion as viewed from the radially outward direction. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the substrate portion. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing another configuration of the substrate unit. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the substrate portion having resin as viewed from the inside in the radial direction. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a front view of the base plate portion having resin as viewed from the inside in the radial direction. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a front view of another substrate portion having a resin as viewed from the inside in the radial direction. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a front view of yet another substrate portion having resin, as viewed from the inside in the radial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] In this specification, the direction of the central axis CA of motor 100 and the direction parallel to the central axis CA are referred to as the "axial direction," and the shape and positional relationship of each part will be described assuming that the axial direction is the up-down direction. However, this definition of the up-down direction does not limit the orientation and positional relationship of motor 100 when in use. Note that the rotation of any member around the central axis CA is also simply referred to as "rotating around an axis."

[0011] In this specification, the upward direction in the axial direction is referred to as the "axially upward" direction, and the downward direction is referred to as the "axially downward" direction. In the drawings, the axially upward direction is indicated as the +Z direction, and the axially downward direction is indicated as the -Z direction. The +Z direction and the -Z direction are collectively referred to as the Z direction. In other words, the Z direction represents the axial direction. Note that the axially upward direction and the axially downward direction may also be simply referred to as the upper side and the lower side, respectively.

[0012] In this specification, the direction perpendicular to the central axis CA is referred to as the "radial direction", and the circumferential direction centered on the central axis CA is simply referred to as the "circumferential direction". In the radial direction, the direction approaching the central axis CA is referred to as the "radial inward direction", and the direction away from the central axis CA is referred to as the "radial outward direction". In the drawings, the radial inward direction is indicated as the +Y direction, and the radial outward direction is indicated as the -Y direction. The +Y direction and the -Y direction are collectively referred to as the Y direction. In other words, the Y direction represents the radial direction.

[0013] <1. Motor Overview> FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the exterior of a motor 100 according to this embodiment. FIGS. 2 and 3 are side views of the motor 100. However, in FIG. 2, a first cover 112, which will be described later, is omitted. In FIG. 3, both a first cover 112 and a second cover 113, which will be described later, are omitted. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of the motor 100. Note that in FIG. 4, a bearing 140A (see FIG. 3), which will be described later, is omitted.

[0014] The motor 100 is integrated into the rear wheel of the electric motorcycle. That is, the motor 100 is an in-wheel motor. The motor 100 can be applied to any vehicle that is driven by electricity, such as an electric bicycle, an electric car, or the like, in addition to an electric motorcycle.

[0015] The motor 100 includes a rotor 110, a shaft 120, and a stator 130 (see FIG. 4).

[0016] (1-1. Rotor) The rotor 110 has a rim 111, a first cover 112, and a second cover 113. A tire (not shown) is attached to the rim 111. The rim 111 is cylindrical and extends in the axial direction. The rim 111 has openings on both the upper and lower sides. The upper opening of the rim 111 is covered by the first cover 112. The lower opening of the rim 111 is covered by the second cover 113. The first cover 112 and the second cover 113 are each fixed to the rim 111.

[0017] An outer ring of a bearing (not shown) is fixed to the radial center of first cover 112. An outer ring of bearing 140A is fixed to the radial center of second cover 113. A plurality of bearings including bearing 140A are collectively referred to as bearing 140 here. Bearing 140 is, for example, a ball bearing, but may be another type of bearing such as a sleeve bearing.

[0018] An inner ring of the bearing 140 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the shaft 120. That is, the first cover 112 and the second cover 113 are attached to the shaft 120 via the bearing 140. This causes the first cover 112 and the second cover 113 to rotate around the axis of the shaft 120. Therefore, the rim 110 to which the first cover 111 and the second cover 112 are fixed also rotates around the axis of the shaft 120.

[0019] In this manner, the first cover 112 and the second cover 113 are attached to the shaft 120 via the bearing 140, and the rotor 110 having the first cover 112 and the second cover 113 is attached to the shaft 120 via the bearing 140. In other words, the motor 100 includes the rotor 110 attached to the shaft 120 via the bearing 140.

[0020] A plurality of magnets 114 (see FIG. 4) are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the rim 111. Each magnet 114 is arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the rim 111. Each magnet 114 is located radially outward from the stator 130. That is, the rotor 110 has magnets 114 located radially outward from the stator 130. Note that the magnet 114 may be a single ring-shaped magnet.

[0021] (1-2. Shaft) The shaft 120 is a rod-shaped body extending along the axial direction. That is, the motor 100 includes the shaft 120 extending along a central axis CA extending vertically. A through hole into which the cable 121 is inserted is provided inside the shaft 120. The cable 121 has a plurality of lead wires and a plurality of signal wires. The cable 121 is configured by bundling a plurality of lead wires and a plurality of signal wires. The cable 121 is electrically connected to the stator 130. Specifically, some of the lead wires of the cable 121 are connected to a circuit board 10 (see FIG. 4) of the stator 130, which will be described later. The other lead wires of the cable 121 are connected to a coil 137 (see FIG. 4) of the stator 130, which will be described later. The signal wires of the cable 121 are connected to the circuit board 10.

[0022] An end of the cable 121 opposite to the end connected to the stator 130 is connected to a PDU (Power Drive Unit) (not shown). The PDU is a control unit that controls the driving of the motor 100.

[0023] (1-3. Stator) The stator 130 is attached to the shaft 120. That is, the motor 100 includes the stator 130 attached to the shaft 120. The stator 130 is disposed radially inward of the rim 110. The outer circumferential surface of the stator 130 faces in the radial direction a plurality of magnets 114 disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the rim 110. The stator 130 rotates the rim 110.

[0024] The stator 130 has a stator holder 131. The stator holder 131 has a shaft fixing portion 132, a holder main body portion 133, and a core holding portion 134.

[0025] The shaft fixing portion 132 extends in a cylindrical shape along the central axis CA. The inner peripheral surface of the shaft fixing portion 132 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 120. The holder main body portion 133 is formed in a disk shape expanding in the radial direction. The holder main body portion 133 has an opening portion on the radially inward side through which the shaft 120 passes. The edge of the opening portion of the holder main body portion 133 is connected to the shaft fixing portion 132. That is, the shaft fixing portion 132 extends axially downward (-Z direction) from the edge of the opening portion of the holder main body portion 133. The shaft fixing portion 132 may extend axially upward (+Z direction) from the edge of the opening portion of the holder main body portion 133. The core holding portion 134 is cylindrical with the central axis CA as the center. The core holding portion 134 extends axially downward from the radially outer end portion of the holder main body portion 133. The core holding portion 134 may extend axially upward from the radially outer end of the holder body portion 133 .

[0026] The stator 130 includes a stator core 135 , an insulator 136 , and a coil 137 .

[0027] The stator core 135 is an annular magnetic body centered on a central axis CA, and is a laminated body in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates are laminated in the axial direction. The stator core 135 is held by a core holding portion 134.

[0028] The insulator 136 is an insulating member made of resin or the like. The insulator 136 covers at least a portion of the stator core 135. The insulator 136 has a protrusion 136a for fixing the circuit board 10. The protrusion 136a protrudes axially downward from a predetermined position of the insulator 136. In this embodiment, the number of protrusions 136a is three, but is not limited to this number.

[0029] The coil 137 is formed by winding a conducting wire around the stator core 135 via an insulator 136 .

[0030] In the above configuration, when a current is supplied to coil 137 through cable 121, a magnetic flux is generated in stator core 135. A magnetic field generated by the magnetic flux of stator core 135 and a magnetic field generated by magnet 114 of rotor 110 interact with each other, generating a torque in the circumferential direction of rotor 110. This torque causes rotor 110 to rotate about central axis CA.

[0031] <2. About the stator board> As shown in FIG. 4, the stator 130 has a substrate portion 150. The substrate portion 150 has a circuit board 10, a spacer 20, and an electronic component 30. The number of the circuit board 10 and the spacer 20 is one. The electronic component 30 is, for example, a Hall element 30a. The Hall element 30a is provided for each of the three phases, that is, the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase. That is, a total of three electronic components 30 are provided. Note that a spacer 20 may be provided for each electronic component 30. That is, the number of spacers 20 used may be multiple (for example, three), and is not limited to the one mentioned above.

[0032] (2-1. Circuit Board) The circuit board 10 extends in a first direction. The first direction is a direction intersecting the axial direction. That is, the board part 150 includes a circuit board 10 that extends in a first direction intersecting the axial direction. In this embodiment, the first direction coincides with the radial direction, but may be a direction deviated from the radial direction. For example, the first direction may be a direction inclined within a range of ±10° with respect to the radial direction, or a direction inclined by ±10° or more (absolute value less than 90°).

[0033] The circuit board 10 is attached to the insulator 136. Specifically, the circuit board 10 is provided with first through holes 10a. The number of the first through holes 10a is the same as the number of the protruding portions 136a of the insulator 136 (three in this example). The number of the first through holes 10a is not limited to the above three, as long as it is equal to or greater than the number of the protruding portions 136a of the insulator 136. Each of the first through holes 10a penetrates the circuit board 10 in the axial direction and is positioned at a distance from each other in the circumferential direction on the circuit board 10. The three protruding portions 136a of the insulator 136 are fitted into the first through holes 10a of the circuit board 10 in the axial direction, whereby the circuit board 10 is attached to the insulator 136.

[0034] In addition to the first through hole 10a, the circuit board 10 is further provided with a second through hole 10b and a third through hole 10c.

[0035] The second through holes 10b are provided in the circuit board 10 in the same number (here, two) as the number of protrusions 20a (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) of the spacer 20, which will be described later. The number of the second through holes 10b is not limited to the above two, but may be equal to or greater than the number of the protrusions 20a of the spacer 20. Each of the second through holes 10b penetrates the circuit board 10 in the axial direction and is located at a distance from the first through holes 10a in the circumferential direction of the circuit board 10. In addition, in the circuit board 10, each of the second through holes 10b is located radially outward from each of the first through holes 10a. The spacer 20 is attached to the circuit board 10 by fitting the protrusions 20a of the spacer 20 into each of the second through holes 10b of the circuit board 10 in the axial direction.

[0036] Three third through holes 10c are provided for each electronic component 30 in the circuit board 10. This is because the electronic component 30 has three terminals 32 (see FIG. 5), as described later. In this embodiment, three electronic components 30 are used, so a total of nine third through holes 10c are provided in the circuit board 10. The number of third through holes 10c may be appropriately changed depending on the number of electronic components 30 used and the number of terminals 32 of each electronic component 30. Each third through hole 10c penetrates the circuit board 10 in the axial direction and is located at a distance from the corresponding second through hole 10b in the circumferential direction on the circuit board 10. In addition, each third through hole 10c is located at approximately the same position as each second through hole 10b in the radial direction on the circuit board 10. The electronic component 30 is fixed to the circuit board 10 by axially fitting each terminal 32 of the electronic component 30 into each third through hole 10c of the circuit board 10 and soldering it to the back surface (the surface facing the -Z direction) of the circuit board 10.

[0037] (2-2. Spacer) Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the substrate portion 150. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the spacer 20 as viewed from above in the axial direction. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the spacer 20 as viewed from below in the axial direction.

[0038] The spacer 20 is formed to extend in the circumferential direction. The spacer 20 is attached axially above a radially outer peripheral edge portion of the circuit board 10. The spacer 20 is formed of a resin material such as acrylic.

[0039] The spacer 20 has an upper surface 201, a lower surface 202, and a side surface 203. The upper surface 201 is a surface of the spacer 20 located on the upper side in the axial direction. The lower surface 202 is a surface of the spacer 20 located on the lower side in the axial direction. In other words, the lower surface 202 is located on the lower side in the axial direction relative to the upper surface 201. The lower surface 202 comes into contact with the surface of the circuit board 10 located on the upper side in the axial direction.

[0040] In the spacer 20, the above-mentioned protrusion 20a is provided on the lower surface 202. That is, the protrusion 20a is located so as to protrude axially downward from the lower surface 202 of the spacer 20. The side surface 203 axially connects the upper surface 201 and the lower surface 202. That is, the spacer 20 has the upper surface 201, the lower surface 202 located axially downward relative to the upper surface 201, and the side surface 203 connected to the upper surface 201 and the lower surface 202.

[0041] The upper surface 201 has a plurality of surfaces. That is, the upper surface 201 has a first opposing surface 201a, a second opposing surface 201b, and a connecting surface 201c. The first opposing surface 201a is located opposite a part of the lower surface 202 in the axial direction. The second opposing surface 201b is located opposite another part of the lower surface 202 in the axial direction. The second opposing surface 201b is located circumferentially shifted from the first opposing surface 201a and is located axially lower than the first opposing surface 201a. The connecting surface 201c connects the first opposing surface 201a and the second opposing surface 201b in the axial direction. The upper surface 201 may be formed by a single surface instead of by a plurality of surfaces.

[0042] The spacer 20 has a through passage 21 and an opening 22. The opening 22 of the spacer 20 will be described in detail later.

[0043] The through passage 21 penetrates the spacer 20 in the axial direction. Note that "penetrating in the axial direction" includes not only the case where the through passage 21 penetrates parallel to the axial direction, but also the case where the through passage 21 penetrates in a direction inclined, for example, within a range of ±10° with respect to the axial direction. Such a spacer 20 is located above the circuit board 10 in the axial direction.

[0044] Here, the axial positional relationship of the spacer 20 with respect to the circuit board 10 is determined by which side of the axial direction the circuit board 10 is located with respect to the stator core 135. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the circuit board 10 is located axially below the stator core 135, the spacer 20 is located axially above the circuit board 10. On the other hand, the circuit board 10 may be configured to be located axially above the stator core 135. In this configuration, the spacer 20 is located axially below the circuit board 10. That is, the board part 150 includes the spacer 20 located axially above or below the circuit board 10 and having a through passage 21 penetrating in the axial direction. Here, as an example, the configuration of FIG. 4 in which the circuit board 10 is located axially below the stator core 135 will be described.

[0045] The through passage 21 penetrates the first opposing surface 201a included in the upper surface 201 and the lower surface 202 of the spacer 20. The through passage 21 may penetrate the second opposing surface 201b included in the upper surface 201 and the lower surface 202. That is, the through passage 21 penetrates the spacer 20 from the upper surface 201 to the lower surface 202.

[0046] The electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21. Therefore, the width of the through passage 21 in the Y direction is slightly larger than the width of the electronic component 30 in the Y direction. However, the width of the through passage 21 in the Y direction is smaller than the width of the spacer 20 in the Y direction. In addition, the width of the through passage 21 in the circumferential direction is slightly larger than the width of the electronic component 30 in the circumferential direction.

[0047] (2-3. Electronic Components) The Hall element 30a as the electronic component 30 detects a change in magnetic flux of the magnet 114 that rotates due to the rotation of the rotor 110 around the axis, and detects the rotation angle of the rotor 110 around the axis. The electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21 of the spacer 20 and electrically connected to the circuit board 10. In this embodiment, a part of the electronic component 30 is disposed in the through passage 21, and the rest protrudes from the through passage 21 in the axial direction, but the entire electronic component 30 may be disposed in the through passage 21. That is, the board part 150 includes the electronic component 30 that is electrically connected to the circuit board 10. At least a part of the electronic component 30 is disposed in the through passage 21 of the spacer 20.

[0048] 5, the electronic component 30 has a main body 31 and a plurality of terminals 32. When the electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21 of the spacer 20 and fixed to the circuit board 10, the main body 31 is located axially above the plurality of terminals 32. Each terminal 32 extends axially downward from the main body 31 and is fixed to the circuit board 10. That is, the electronic component 30 has the main body 31 and a plurality of terminals 32 that extend from the main body 31 toward the circuit board 10 and are fixed to the circuit board 10. In this embodiment, the electronic component 30 has three terminals 32, but the number is not limited to this number.

[0049] 8 is a view of electronic component 30 viewed from the radially inside. Body 31 of electronic component 30 has connection surface 31S. Multiple terminals 32 are connected to connection surface 31S. That is, body 31 of electronic component 30 has connection surface 31S to which multiple terminals 32 are connected.

[0050] Each terminal 32 of the electronic component 30 has a main body side terminal portion 32a and a circuit board side terminal portion 32b, respectively. The main body side terminal portion 32a is connected to the main body portion 31 at the upper end in the axial direction and is connected to the circuit board side terminal portion 32b at the lower end in the axial direction. The circuit board side terminal portion 32b is connected to the main body side terminal portion 32a at the upper end in the axial direction and is connected to the circuit board 10 at the lower end in the axial direction. That is, each of the plurality of terminals 32 has a main body side terminal portion 32a connected to the main body portion 31 and a circuit board side terminal portion 32b having one end connected to the main body side terminal portion 32a and the other end fixed to the circuit board 10.

[0051] For the sake of convenience of description hereinafter, in each terminal 32, the upper end in the axial direction of the main body side terminal portion 32a is referred to as one end portion 32a1. Also, in each terminal 32, the lower end in the axial direction of the circuit board side terminal portion 32b is referred to as the other end portion 32b1 for the sake of convenience. That is, each terminal 32 has one end portion 32a1 and the other end portion 32b1.

[0052] The three terminals 32 are located apart from each other in the circumferential direction. In the circumferential direction, the terminal 32 located at the center has a linear shape in the axial direction. The other two terminals 32 are bent in the circumferential direction on the way from the upper end in the axial direction to the lower end in the axial direction. As a result, the interval between two adjacent terminals 32 in the circumferential direction is wider in the lower part in the axial direction than in the upper part in the axial direction. That is, when the interval between two adjacent main body side terminal portions 32a in the circumferential direction is W1 (mm) and the interval between two adjacent circuit board side terminal portions 32b in the circumferential direction is W2 (mm), W1 < W2. In other words, the interval W1 between adjacent main body side terminal portions 32a is narrower than the interval W2 between adjacent circuit board side terminal portions 32b.

[0053] (2-4. Procedure for fixing the electronic component to the circuit board) Next, a procedure for fixing the electronic component 30 to the circuit board 10 will be described. First, the electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21 of the spacer 20 from the side of each terminal 32 (Step 1). At this time, the electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21 of the spacer 20 from the upper surface 201 side (first opposing surface 201a side) of the spacer 20. Then, the tip of each terminal 32 of the electronic component 30, i.e., the other end 32b1 of the circuit board side terminal portion 32b, is caused to protrude axially downward from the through passage 21.

[0054] Next, each protrusion 20a of the spacer 20 is fitted into the second through hole 10b of the circuit board 10 (Step 2). This attaches the spacer 20 to the circuit board 10. At the same time, the tip (other end 32b1) of each terminal 32 of the electronic component 30 inserted into the through passage 21 of the spacer 20 passes through the third through hole 10c of the circuit board 10 and protrudes from the back surface side of the circuit board 10 (see FIG. 9).

[0055] The order of steps 1 and 2 may be reversed. That is, the electronic component 30 may be inserted into the through passage 21 of the spacer 20 after each protrusion 20a of the spacer 20 is fitted into the second through hole 10b of the circuit board 10.

[0056] Finally, the other end 32b1 of each terminal 32 protruding from the rear surface side of the circuit board 10 is soldered to the circuit board 10 (step 3).

[0057] By fixing the electronic component 30 to the circuit board 10 as in this embodiment, it is possible to solve the problems that arise in the conventional method of embedding electronic components in a stator core. In other words, the electronic component is not subjected to a load when embedded. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk of the electronic component 30 being damaged by the load. Furthermore, by fixing the electronic component 30 to the circuit board 10, it is possible to position the electronic component 30 away from the coil 137. This makes it possible to reduce the magnetic flux generated by the coil 137 from becoming noise during detection by the electronic component 30 (for example, detection of a change in magnetic flux of the magnet 114). Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk of the detection sensitivity of the electronic component 30 decreasing. As a result, it is possible to reduce the risk of the rotation accuracy of the motor 100 decreasing when the motor 100 is rotated based on the detection result of the electronic component 30.

[0058] In the electronic component 30 used in this embodiment, the interval W2 between adjacent circuit-board-side terminal portions 32b is wider than the interval W1 between adjacent body-side terminal portions 32a. This makes it easy to fix (e.g., solder) each circuit-board-side terminal portion 32b to the circuit board 10 without shorting each other.

[0059] <3. Details of the spacer opening> Next, the opening 22 of the spacer 20 will be described in detail. As shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, the opening 22 of the spacer 20 extends from the through passage 21 in the second direction and penetrates the side surface 203 of the spacer 20. As a result, in the spacer 20, the opening 22 opens in the second direction and is connected to the through passage 21. Here, the second direction is a direction intersecting with the axial direction. In other words, the spacer 20 has the opening 22 that opens in the second direction intersecting with the axial direction and is connected to the through passage 21.

[0060] In this embodiment, the second direction coincides with the first direction, which is the radial direction. That is, the first direction and the second direction are radial directions of the shaft 120. The second direction may be a direction that intersects with the axial direction and is different from the radial direction. For example, the second direction may be a direction that is inclined within a range of ±10° with respect to the radial direction, or a direction that is inclined by ±10° or more (absolute value less than 90°).

[0061] In the spacer 20, the penetration direction (axial direction) of the through passage 21 and the direction (second direction) in which the through passage 21 and the opening 22 are connected intersect. Therefore, even if humid outside air enters the through passage 21 of the spacer 20, the outside air can be guided to the outside of the spacer 22 through the opening 22. That is, the outside air can be guided to the outside of the spacer 22 by escaping in a direction different from the penetration direction. This can reduce the retention of humid outside air in the through passage 21. In addition, although details will be described later, resin can also be put into the through passage 21 through the opening 22. In this case, the surface of the electronic component 30 in the through passage 21 can be covered with the resin. In any case, by using the spacer 20 having the opening 22, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the electronic component 30 arranged in the through passage 21. As a result, it is possible to reduce the risk of the electronic component 30 being short-circuited due to condensation.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first direction in which the circuit board 10 expands and the second direction in which the openings 22 open are both radially aligned. That is, the openings 22 open in a direction parallel to the circuit board 10. In a configuration using such a spacer 20, the above-described effect of reducing the risk of short-circuiting the electronic components 30 due to condensation can be obtained.

[0063] In the spacer 20 of this embodiment, the through passage 21 penetrates the upper surface 201 and the lower surface 202. The opening 22 extends from the through passage 21 in the second direction and penetrates the side surface 203. In this manner, the spacer 20 is used, which has the through passage 21 penetrating the upper surface 201 and the lower surface 202 and the opening 22 penetrating the side surface 203. As a result, even if the outside air containing moisture enters the through passage 21 of the spacer 20, the outside air can be guided to the outside of the spacer 22 through the opening 22. In other words, the outside air can be guided to the outside of the spacer 22 by escaping in a direction different from the penetration direction. Therefore, the above-mentioned effect of reducing the risk of short-circuiting the electronic component 30 can be obtained.

[0064] 9 is a front view seen from the radially inner side of the substrate portion 150. When seen from the radially inner side, the opening 22 of the spacer 20 has an upper side 22a, a first side side 22b, and a second side side 22c.

[0065] The upper side 22a is located axially upward and away from the lower surface 202 (see FIG. 7) on the side surface 203 of the spacer 20, and extends in the circumferential direction. The first side 22b extends axially downward (toward the circuit board 10) from one circumferential end 22a1 of the upper side 22a on the side surface 203 to reach the lower surface 202. The second side 22c extends axially downward from the other circumferential end 22a2 of the upper side 22a on the side surface 203 to reach the lower surface 202. Therefore, the opening 22 has a shape recessed from the axially downward to the axially upward when viewed from the radially inner side.

[0066] The substrate 150 may have the configuration shown in FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a front view of another substrate 150 viewed from the inside in the radial direction. The substrate 150 in FIG. 10 differs from the configuration shown in FIG. 9 in that the opening 22 of the spacer 20 further has a lower side 22d in addition to the upper side 22a, the first side 22b, and the second side 22c when viewed from the inside in the radial direction. The lower side 22d is located axially upwardly away from the lower surface 202 (see FIG. 7) and extends in the circumferential direction. The lower side 22d is located axially downward from the upper side 22a on the side surface 203 of the spacer 20. The first side 22b extends axially downward (toward the circuit board 10) from one end 22a1 of the upper side 22a on the side surface 203 to reach the lower side 20d. The second side edge 22c extends axially downward from the other circumferential end 22a2 of the upper edge 22a on the side surface 203 to reach the lower edge 20d. Therefore, the opening 22 has a closed shape (here, a rectangular shape) when viewed from the radially inner side.

[0067] 9 and 10 has the following configuration: When viewed from the radially inward direction (second direction), the opening 22 of the spacer 20 has an upper edge 22a located away from the circuit board 10, a first side edge 22b extending from one end 22a1 of the upper edge 22a in a direction toward the circuit board 10, and a second side edge 22c extending from the other end 22a2 of the upper edge 22a in a direction toward the circuit board 10.

[0068] In this embodiment, the connection surface 31S of the main body 31 is located closer to the circuit board 10 than the upper side 22a of the opening 22 when viewed from the second direction. The distance between the terminals is short near the one end 32a1 located at the base of the multiple terminals 32 of the electronic component 30. Therefore, the air flow is poor near the one end 32a1, and air containing moisture is likely to stagnate and condensation is likely to occur. When viewed from the second direction, the connection surface 31S of the main body 31 is located closer to the circuit board 10 than the upper side 22a of the opening 22, so that the one end 32a1 where condensation is likely to occur can be exposed through the opening 22. As a result, even if outside air containing moisture enters the through passage 21 of the spacer 20, the outside air can be guided to the outside of the spacer 22 through the opening 22. That is, the outside air can be guided to the outside of the spacer 22 by escaping in a direction different from the through direction. Therefore, the occurrence of condensation at the one end 32a1 can be reduced, and the short circuit of the electronic component 30 can be reduced.

[0069] The opening 22 of the spacer 20 is not limited to a shape having three sides, i.e., an upper side 22a, a first side 22b, and a second side 22c, as viewed from the radially inner side. For example, the opening 22 may have two sides and be recessed axially upward as viewed from the radially inner side, or may have four or more sides and be recessed axially upward as viewed from the radially inner side. The opening 22 may also have a shape having a curve recessed axially upward as viewed from the radially inner side. Furthermore, the opening 22 may have a closed shape such as a polygon other than a square, a circle, or an ellipse as viewed from the radially inner side.

[0070] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the substrate 150 as viewed from above in the axial direction. As described above, in this embodiment, the substrate 150 has three electronic components 30. That is, the substrate 150 includes a plurality of electronic components 30. The spacer 20 has pairs of through passages 21 and openings 22 at different positions in the circumferential direction of the shaft 120. The number of pairs is the same as the number of electronic components 30. Therefore, the spacer 20 has three pairs. At this time, all the openings 22 of each pair are located on the same radial side with respect to the through passages 21 of each pair. In other words, all the openings 22 of each pair open toward the same radial side with respect to the through passages 21 of each pair.

[0071] In this case, when inserting the electronic components 30 into the through passages 21 of the spacer 20, it is possible to check the electronic components 30 to be inserted into the through passages 21 from the same radial side through the openings 22. This improves workability when inserting the electronic components 30. In addition, as described below, in a configuration in which the resin 40 is placed in the openings 22, the resin 40 can be placed in the openings 22 from the same radial side. This also improves workability when placing the resin 40.

[0072] In particular, all of the openings 22 of each set are located radially inward with respect to the through passages 21 of each set. In this case, the electronic components 30 to be inserted into each through passage 21 can be confirmed from the radially inward direction through each opening 22 with minimal movement of the viewpoint in the circumferential direction, which enhances the effect of improving workability.

[0073] <4. About the element support> Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the substrate portion 150 as viewed from the radially outward side. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the substrate portion 150. The spacer 20 of the substrate portion 150 further has an element receiving portion 23. When the electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21 from above in the axial direction, the element receiving portion 23 comes into contact with the connection surface 31S of the main body portion 31 of the electronic component 30 and receives the main body portion 31 from below in the axial direction. In other words, the spacer 20 has the element receiving portion 23 that receives the electronic component 30 arranged in the through passage 21 in the first direction.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 12, the element receiving portion 23 is formed by the element receiving surface 201d of the spacer 20. The element receiving surface 201d is located axially below the first opposing surface 201a of the upper surface 201. Here, a part of the first opposing surface 201a of the spacer 20 is recessed axially downward. As a result, the spacer 20 has a recess 20b recessed axially downward from the first opposing surface 201a. The element receiving surface 201d coincides with the bottom surface of the recess 20b. The element receiving surface 201d may be at the same height as the second opposing surface 201b in the axial direction, or may be shifted from the second opposing surface 201b in the axial direction.

[0075] The element receiving portion 23 (element receiving surface 201d) of the spacer 20 receives the electronic component 30 (particularly the connection surface 31S of the main body portion 31) in the axial direction, thereby positioning the electronic component 30 in the axial direction. This allows the electronic component 30 to be fixed to the circuit board 10 with high accuracy in the axial direction.

[0076] The main body 31 of the electronic component 30 has a shape in which the area of ​​a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction is constant in the axial direction. However, the main body 31 is not limited to this shape. For example, the main body 31 may have a first head and a second head. The first head is located axially above the second head and connected to the second head. The first head protrudes radially outward more than the second head. In this case, the area of ​​a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction is larger for the first head than for the second head. Even if the main body 31 has a shape having the first head and the second head, when the electronic component 30 is inserted into the through passage 21 from above in the axial direction, the element receiving portion 23 can receive the first head from below in the axial direction by contacting with the first head of the main body 31 in the axial direction. This allows the electronic component 30 to be fixed to the circuit board 10 with high accuracy in the axial direction.

[0077] <5. Placement of resin in opening> 14 is a perspective view showing another configuration of the substrate portion 150. Resin 40 may be disposed in the opening 22 of the spacer 20 described above. The resin 40 may be disposed in the entire opening 22 (see FIG. 14) or in a part of the opening 22 (see FIG. 18). In other words, the substrate portion 150 has the resin 40 disposed in at least a part of the opening 22 of the spacer 20.

[0078] Although a silicone resin, for example, may be used as the resin 40. Furthermore, the resin 40 may be a transparent resin, or may be a resin containing a colored pigment.

[0079] In the spacer 20, the opening 22 and the through passage 21 are connected in a second direction (for example, a radial direction). Therefore, by disposing the resin 40 in the opening 22, the resin 40 can be supplied from the opening 22 to the through passage 21, and at least a part of the surface of the electronic component 30 in the through passage 21 can be covered with the resin 40. This makes it possible to eliminate places where condensation can occur in the part of the electronic component 30 covered with the resin 40. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of condensation on the surface of the electronic component 30, and to reduce the risk of the electronic component 30 being short-circuited.

[0080] 15 is a perspective view of the substrate portion 150 having the resin 40, as viewed from the radially inner side. As shown in the figure, the opening 22 of the spacer 20 is located on the opposite side of the through passage 21 from the magnet 114. In other words, the opening 22 of the spacer 20 is located radially inward from the through passage 21.

[0081] In such a positional relationship between the through-hole 21 and the opening 22, even if the resin 40 disposed within the opening 22 protrudes from the opening 22, it will protrude radially inward from the opening 22 and will not protrude radially outward. Thereby, the possibility that the resin 40 contacts the magnet 114 and the electronic component 30 tilts can be reduced. Further, the possibility that the resin 40 protruding from the opening 22 adheres to the surface of the magnet 114 and inhibits the detection of magnetic flux by the electronic component 30 (for example, the Hall element 30a) is also reduced. As a result, the detection accuracy of the electronic component 30 can be maintained.

[0082] FIG. 16 is a front view of the substrate portion 150 having the resin 40 as viewed from the radially inner side. The resin 40 disposed in the opening 22 is supplied from the opening 22 to the through-hole 21 and covers each terminal 32 of the electronic component 30 within the through-hole 21. Specifically, the resin 40 covers both the main body side terminal portion 32a and the circuit board side terminal portion 32b of each terminal 32. Note that the resin 40 may cover only the main body side terminal portion 32a. That is, the resin 40 covers at least the surface of the main body side terminal portion 32a among the main body side terminal portion 32a and the circuit board side terminal portion 32b.

[0083] In the configuration using the electronic component 30 shown in FIG. 8, that is, in the configuration where W1 < W2, the main body side terminal portion 32a has a higher possibility of short-circuiting when water droplets due to condensation adhere than the circuit board side terminal portion 32b. By covering at least the surface of the main body side terminal portion 32a with the resin 40, the occurrence of condensation on at least the surface of the main body side terminal portion 32a can be reduced, and the possibility that the electronic component 30 short-circuits can be reduced.

[0084] In particular, the resin 40 covers both the main body side terminal portion 32a and the circuit board side terminal portion 32b, that is, covers the entire terminal 32. Thereby, short-circuiting between a plurality of terminals 32 due to condensation can be reduced.

[0085] FIG. 17 is a front view of another substrate 150 viewed from the inside in the radial direction. The substrate 150 in FIG. 17 has a configuration in which the resin 40 is disposed in the opening 22 of the spacer 20 shown in FIG. 10. That is, the opening 22 is configured as a rectangle having an upper side 22a, a first side 22b, a second side 22c, and a lower side 22d when viewed from the inside in the radial direction. Then, the resin 40 is disposed in the opening 22. In this configuration, similarly to the case of FIG. 10, it is desirable that the connection surface 31S of the main body 31 of the electronic component 30 is located closer to the circuit board 10 than the upper side 22a of the opening 22 when viewed from the inside in the radial direction.

[0086] In this case, the resin 40 disposed in the opening 22 can simultaneously cover the multiple terminals 32 of the electronic component 30 and the connection surface 31S of the main body 31. This allows the multiple terminals 32 to be covered with the resin 40 up to their base portions, that is, the one end 32a1 that is the connection side with the main body 31. Therefore, it is possible to reduce short circuits due to condensation at the one end 32a1 in particular.

[0087] In the configuration of the substrate part 150 shown in Figs. 14 to 17, the resin 40 is disposed over the entire inside of the opening 22. That is, the resin 40 is disposed so as to block the opening 22 when viewed from the radially inward direction. Note that, as long as the resin 40 blocks the opening 22 when viewed from the radially inward direction, the resin 40 may protrude radially inward from the opening 22 with the side surface 203 of the spacer 20 as a reference. The resin may be filled in the opening 22 up to the same surface as the side surface 203. Furthermore, the resin 40 may block the opening 22 without reaching the same surface as the side surface 203 radially inward within the opening 22.

[0088] In this way, when viewed from the radial direction, the resin 40 closes the opening 22, and thus the terminals 32 of the electronic component 30 and the connection surface 31S of the main body 31 are covered with the resin 40, thereby providing the effect of reducing short circuits caused by condensation. It also becomes easy to realize a configuration in which the base portions (one end portion 32a1 on the connection side) of the terminals 32 are covered with the resin 40.

[0089] 16 and 17, the resin 40 disposed in the opening 22 not only covers each terminal 32 of the electronic component 30, but also covers a part of the main body 31. By changing the axial height position of the element receiving portion 23 (see FIGS. 12 and 13) of the spacer 20 downward in the axial direction, it is possible to configure the main body 31 in its entirety to be located closer to the circuit board 10 than the upper side 22a of the opening 22 when viewed from the radially inner side. In this case, the resin 40 disposed in the opening 22 covers the entire main body 31 in addition to each terminal 32. Therefore, it can be said that the resin 40 disposed in the opening 22 may be configured to cover at least a part of the main body 31 (in addition to each terminal 32).

[0090] In the above configuration, at least a portion of the main body 31 is fixed to the spacer 20 together with the terminals 32 via the resin 40. This allows the electronic component 30 to be stably fixed to the circuit board 10 via the spacer 20.

[0091] FIG. 18 is a front view of yet another substrate portion 150 viewed from the inside in the radial direction. The resin 40 may be disposed in a part of the opening 22, not in the whole. The resin 40 may cover only a part of the main body portion 31 of the electronic component 30. When the whole of the main body portion 31 is located closer to the circuit board 10 than the upper side 22a of the opening 22 as viewed from the inside in the radial direction, the resin 40 may cover the whole of the main body portion 31, that is, the parts other than the terminals 32 of the electronic component 30. That is, the resin 40 may cover only at least a part of the main body portion 31. In this case, the resin 40 can be disposed between at least a part of the main body portion 31 and the spacer 20.

[0092] 18 shows an example in which the resin 40 is disposed between a part of the main body portion 31 and the spacer 20. When the resin 40 covers the entire main body portion 31, the resin 40 is disposed between the main body portion 31 and the spacer 20. In other words, the resin 40 is disposed between at least a part of the main body portion 31 and the spacer 20.

[0093] In this configuration, at least a portion of the body 31 of the electronic component 30 is fixed to the spacer 20 via the resin 40. Therefore, the electronic component 30 can be stably fixed to the circuit board 10 via the spacer 20.

[0094] In addition, in a configuration in which the resin 40 covers at least a part of the main body 31, the terminals 32 are not covered with the resin 40. Therefore, the resin 40 is not disposed between the terminals 32 and the spacer 20, and the terminals 32 and the spacer 20 are not fixed via the resin 40. Therefore, the terminals 32 are exposed to the outside through the opening 22. In this case, it is possible to reduce the retention of humid outside air on the surfaces of the multiple terminals 32. As a result, it is possible to reduce condensation on the surfaces of the terminals 32 and reduce short circuits in the electronic component 30.

[0095] In the above, the Hall element 30a has been described as an example of the electronic component 30, but the electronic component 30 is not limited to the Hall element 30a. For example, the electronic component 30 may be a temperature sensor. In this case, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained. That is, it is possible to reduce the risk that the temperature sensor as the electronic component 30 is damaged by a load, the risk that the detection sensitivity of the temperature sensor is reduced, and the risk of condensation occurring on the surface of the temperature sensor.

[0096] Furthermore, when there are multiple electronic components 30, the multiple electronic components 30 may include only the Hall element 30a, may include only the temperature sensor, or may include both the Hall element 30a and the temperature sensor. In this case, all of the multiple electronic components 30 may be inserted into the through passages 21 of the spacer 20 and fixed to the circuit board 10. Also, only some of the multiple electronic components 30 may be inserted into the through passages 21 of the spacer 20 and fixed to the circuit board 10, and the rest may be directly fixed to the circuit board 10 without using the spacer 20.

[0097] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, the above embodiment and its modifications can be combined in any suitable manner. [Industrial Applicability]

[0098] The motor of the present invention can be used, for example, as an in-wheel motor for an electric motorcycle. [Explanation of symbols]

[0099] 10 Circuit Board 20 Spacer 21 Passageway 22 Opening 22a Top 22a1 One end 22a2 The other end 22b 1st side 22c 2nd side 23 Element receiving part 30 Electronic Components 30a Hall element (electronic component) 31 Main body 31S Connection surface 32 terminals 32a Main unit terminal 32b Circuit board side terminal part 40 Resin 100 Motor 110 Rotor 114 Magnet 120 Shaft 130 Stator 140, 140A bearings 150 Circuit Board 201 Top surface 202 Bottom surface 203 Side CA center axis

Claims

1. A shaft extending along a central axis extending vertically; a stator attached to the shaft; The stator has a substrate portion, The substrate portion is a circuit board extending in a first direction intersecting the axial direction; a spacer located axially above or axially below the circuit board and having a through passage passing therethrough in the axial direction; an electronic component electrically connected to the circuit board; At least a portion of the electronic component is disposed in the through passage, The spacer has an opening that opens in a second direction intersecting the axial direction and communicates with the through passage, The substrate portion has a resin disposed in at least a portion of the opening of the spacer.

2. The electronic component comprises: A main body portion, The motor according to claim 1 , further comprising: a plurality of terminals extending from the main body portion toward the circuit board and fixed to the circuit board.

3. Each of the plurality of terminals is a main body side terminal portion connected to the main body portion; a circuit board side terminal portion having one end connected to the main body side terminal portion and the other end fixed to the circuit board, the interval between adjacent body-side terminal portions is narrower than the interval between adjacent circuit-board-side terminal portions; The motor according to claim 2 , wherein the resin covers at least a surface of the main body side terminal portion out of the main body side terminal portion and the circuit board side terminal portion.

4. The motor according to claim 3 , wherein the resin covers both the main body side terminal portion and the circuit board side terminal portion.

5. When viewed from the second direction, the opening has an upper edge located away from the circuit board, a first side edge extending from one end of the upper edge in a direction toward the circuit board, and a second side edge extending from the other end of the upper edge in a direction toward the circuit board, the main body of the electronic component has a connection surface to which the plurality of terminals are connected, The motor according to claim 2 , wherein the connection surface of the main body is located closer to the circuit board than the upper side of the opening when viewed from the second direction.

6. The motor according to claim 5 , wherein the resin is disposed so as to cover the opening when viewed from the second direction.

7. The motor according to claim 2 , wherein the resin covers at least a portion of the main body portion.

8. The motor according to claim 7 , wherein the resin is disposed between at least a portion of the main body and the spacer.

9. The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the spacer has an element receiving portion that receives the electronic component arranged in the through passage in the axial direction.

10. The spacer is The top surface and A lower surface located axially below the upper surface; a side surface connected to the upper surface and the lower surface, The through passage penetrates the upper surface and the lower surface of the spacer, The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the opening extends from the through passage in the second direction and penetrates the side surface.

11. The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the first direction and the second direction are radial directions of the shaft.

12. the substrate unit includes a plurality of the electronic components, The spacer has pairs of the through passages and the openings at different positions in a circumferential direction of the shaft, The motor of claim 11 , wherein the openings in each set are all located on the same radial side relative to the through passages in each set.

13. The motor of claim 12 , wherein all of the openings in each set are located radially inward relative to the through passages in each set.

14. a rotor attached to the shaft via a bearing, The rotor has a magnet located radially outward from the stator, The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the opening of the spacer is positioned radially inward with respect to the through passage.

Images