Lightweight building blocks, and lightweight self-supporting walls and lightweight yard roofs using the blocks

Abstract

To provide an easily constructed lightweight block for construction, and a lightweight self-supporting wall and a lightweight yard roof using the same. [Solution] A lightweight freestanding wall comprising a rod-shaped support member 2 erected on a foundation 1, and a number of rectangular parallelepiped lightweight architectural blocks made of lightweight material stacked on the foundation 1 with adhesive 14, wherein at least two of the plurality of lightweight architectural blocks have a concave or convex portion on at least one of the front, back, top, bottom, left side or right side that fits with a convex or concave portion on the back, front, bottom, top, right side or left side of an adjacent lightweight architectural block, and at least one through hole 13 is provided in the central part in the left-right direction, through which the rod-shaped support member 2 penetrates in the vertical direction and through which adhesive material can be flowed.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a lightweight block for construction, and a lightweight self-supporting wall and a lightweight yard roof using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a lightweight block for construction that is lightweight and easy to construct, and a lightweight self-supporting wall and a lightweight yard roof using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, techniques such as those shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example, have been known.

[0003] <Patent Document 1> Patent No. 7262193 In Patent Document 1, The objective of the patent is to provide a lightweight self-supporting wall and a construction method for the same, which "enables free-thinking design because the material itself can be easily bent and easily processed to the extent that it can be cut with a cutter, etc., and which is also lightweight, so there is almost no risk of human casualties due to collapse during an earthquake, and which is also cost-effective to manufacture" (paragraph 0006 of the same document), "A self-supporting lightweight wall is formed by forming a foundation of concrete or concrete blocks, and then arranging a number of lightweight panels made of lightweight foam material on the foundation. The wall comprises a number of lightweight panels that are installed on the foundation of concrete or concrete blocks, an adhesive for fixing the lightweight panels to the foundation, a deformed reinforcing bar installed vertically between the lightweight panels, a mortar block body installed in the gap between the lightweight panels where the deformed reinforcing bar is present, the surfaces and upper surfaces of both the outer and inner sides of the lightweight panels, a base coat layer applied to the foundation, the surfaces of both the outer and inner sides of the lightweight panels, a mesh sheet layer attached to the foundation, the surfaces and upper surfaces of both the outer and inner sides of the lightweight panels, and a finishing layer formed on the foundation. The base coat layer, the mesh sheet layer, and the finishing layer integrate the lightweight panels, and the adhesive is a mixture of polystyrene foam and cement." (paragraph 0007 of the same document) A lightweight freestanding wall is described.

[0004] However, the lightweight self-supporting wall has lightweight panels which are its constituent members and which do not have projections and recesses on their sides or the like that fit together. Therefore, it is not easy to construct a free-standing wall or the like using such lightweight panels.

[0005] <Patent Document 2> Patent No. 7387657 In Patent Document 2, "The purpose is to provide a lightweight self-supporting wall that is easy to work with during construction" (paragraph 0005 of the same document), "A plurality of lightweight panels that are joined together horizontally and erected; A notch recess is provided along the up-down direction on each of the butt surfaces of the lightweight panels to be joined, a through hole formed by the opposed cutout recesses by butting the lightweight panels together; A plurality of support members are inserted into the through holes and erected at intervals on a base portion on which the lightweight panel is to be installed; A lightweight self-supporting wall comprising a joint cement molding filled in the through hole and hardened, The joint cement composition forming the joint cement molded product is a composition obtained by mixing 100 parts by mass of a cement-based non-shrink grout material, 20 to 100 parts by mass of cement, and 100 to 200 parts by mass of silica sand No. 6, The flow value of the slurry of the bonding cement composition, as determined in accordance with JASS15M-103, is 125 to 250 mm." (paragraph 0006 of the same document) A lightweight freestanding wall is described.

[0006] However, before filling the through holes 24 formed by butting the cutout recesses 23 with slurry, this lightweight freestanding wall requires work such as abutting plate-shaped support material 63 on both sides of the upper end spanning the lightweight panels 21 to prevent the upper end side of the through holes 24 from opening, and fixing it with a clamp (not shown) (same document, paragraphs 0034-0036). Therefore, it is not easy to construct a free-standing wall or the like using such lightweight panels. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7262193 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7387657 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lightweight block for construction that is easy to construct, and a lightweight free-standing wall and a lightweight yard roof using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the lightweight building block of the present invention is A lightweight building block having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and made of a lightweight material, At least one of the front, back, top, bottom, left and right sides is provided with a recess or protrusion that fits with a protrusion or recess provided on the back, front, bottom, top, right or left side of an adjacent lightweight building block; The adhesive sheet is characterized in that at least one through hole is provided in the center portion in the left-right direction, through which the rod-shaped support member passes in the up-down direction and through which the adhesive material flows.

[0010] Due to the above-mentioned structure, the lightweight building block provides the following advantages: For example, when constructing a wall or the like by stacking several of these lightweight architectural blocks on a foundation on which rod-shaped support members are erected, the lightweight architectural block with the rod-shaped support members passing through its through hole can be connected to an adjacent lightweight architectural block by fitting the concave and convex portions between the two blocks, and with this position maintained, adhesive material can be poured into the through holes. Therefore, compared with the above-mentioned prior art, it is possible to easily construct structures such as lightweight free-standing walls. Furthermore, the task of passing the rod-shaped support members through the through holes of the lightweight building blocks can be easily performed because the lightweight building blocks are made of a lightweight material.

[0011] In this lightweight building block, The left or right end of the front or back surface may be provided with a recess or protrusion that fits into a protrusion or recess of an adjacent lightweight building block in a plan view.

[0012] When configured in this manner, for example, by fitting adjacent lightweight building blocks that are perpendicular to each other in a plan view together by fitting the concave and convex portions provided between the two lightweight building blocks, it is possible to maintain the position of the two blocks while they are connected in an orthogonal state, and with this position maintained, it is possible to pour adhesive material into the through hole. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily construct structures such as orthogonal lightweight freestanding walls.

[0013] In order to solve the above problems, the lightweight self-supporting wall of the present invention is A lightweight self-supporting wall comprising a foundation, a rod-shaped support member erected on the foundation, and a plurality of lightweight architectural blocks having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and made of a lightweight material and stacked on the foundation via an adhesive, At least two of the plurality of lightweight building blocks are At least one of the front, back, top, bottom, left and right sides is provided with a recess or protrusion that fits with a protrusion or recess provided on the back, front, bottom, top, right or left side of an adjacent lightweight building block; This lightweight building block is characterized in that it has at least one through hole in the central part in the left-right direction, through which the rod-shaped support member passes in the up-down direction and through which adhesive material can be poured.

[0014] Due to the above-mentioned structure, the lightweight self-supporting wall has the following advantages: This lightweight self-supporting wall can be constructed by piling up a number of lightweight building blocks with adhesive on a foundation on which rod-shaped support members are erected. During construction, at least two of the multiple lightweight architectural blocks can be maintained in a connected state by fitting the concave and convex portions provided between them, and with this position maintained, adhesive material can be poured into the through holes. Therefore, it is possible to easily construct the system compared to the above-mentioned conventional technology. Furthermore, the task of passing the rod-shaped support members through the through holes of the lightweight building blocks can be easily performed because the lightweight building blocks are made of a lightweight material.

[0015] In this lightweight self-supporting wall, A first tier of lightweight building blocks is stacked on the foundation via an adhesive, and a second tier of lightweight building blocks is stacked on the first tier of lightweight building blocks via an adhesive, The vertical length of the second stage lightweight building block may be longer than the vertical length of the first stage lightweight building block.

[0016] With this configuration, the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks, which have a shorter vertical length than the second tier of lightweight architectural blocks, are first stacked on the foundation using adhesive, making it possible to easily and properly adjust the level of the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks.By then stacking the second tier of lightweight architectural blocks, which have a longer vertical length than the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks, a lightweight free-standing wall can be constructed more easily, quickly and efficiently than if only multiple first tier lightweight architectural blocks were stacked.

[0017] In this lightweight self-supporting wall, The upper surface of the first stage lightweight building block and the lower surface of the second stage lightweight building block may be provided with a recess and a protrusion that fit into each other.

[0018] With this configuration, the concave and convex portions on the upper surface of the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks and the lower surface of the second tier of lightweight architectural blocks can be fitted together, making it easy to position the second tier of lightweight architectural blocks relative to the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks.In addition, adhesive material can be poured into the through holes of both lightweight architectural blocks while maintaining their positioned state, making it possible to construct a lightweight freestanding wall reliably, easily, and efficiently in a short period of time.

[0019] In this lightweight self-supporting wall, A capping-shaped lightweight architectural block is placed on the top of the lightweight freestanding wall, and the underside of this capping-shaped lightweight architectural block and the upper side of the architectural lightweight block placed directly below this capping-shaped lightweight architectural block can be provided with interlocking recesses and protrusions. With this configuration, a lightweight freestanding wall having a coping can be easily constructed.

[0020] In order to solve the above problems, the lightweight yard roof of the present invention is The basics and A left and right lightweight self-supporting wall comprising a plurality of lightweight blocks for construction according to claim 1 stacked on the foundation via an adhesive and arranged at an interval; and a top plate-shaped lightweight building block to be erected on the upper part of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls, The bottom left and right ends of the top plate-shaped lightweight building block and the top ends of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls are provided with recesses and protrusions that fit together.

[0021] As configured as described above, with this lightweight yard roof, the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls can be easily constructed as described above, and the lightweight yard roof can be easily constructed by placing a top-plate shaped lightweight architectural block on top of it and fitting the concave and convex portions provided on the left and right ends of the underside of this top-plate shaped lightweight architectural block into the upper ends of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a lightweight building block according to the present invention, showing a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of a lightweight freestanding wall. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of a lightweight freestanding wall. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 9] 13(a) and (b) are diagrams showing examples of connections between lightweight architectural blocks arranged perpendicularly in a plan view. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 shows an example of a coping-shaped lightweight architectural block, where (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a back view, (d) is a left side view of (b), (e) is a right side view of (b), and (f) is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the block in use. [Figure 11] (a) is a diagram showing an example of an architectural lightweight block fascia for an inside corner, showing a front view, plan view, left side view of the plan view, and right side view of the plan view; (b) is a diagram showing an example of an architectural lightweight block fascia for an outside corner, showing a front view, plan view, left side view of the plan view, and right side view of the plan view. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a lightweight yard roof, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a right side view. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 16]FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a lightweight building block, including a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, and a right side view of the plan view. [Figure 17] This figure shows an example of a lightweight freestanding wall having a slit (opening) S, with a front view, plan view, and left side view shown together. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 22] This figure shows an example of a lightweight freestanding wall having a slit (opening) S, with a front view, plan view, and left side view shown together. [Diagram 23] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 24] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Diagram 25] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 26] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block suitable for constructing a lightweight freestanding wall, showing the front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 27] A diagram showing an example of a lightweight building block suitable for constructing a gatepost, including a front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 28]A diagram showing an example of a lightweight building block suitable for constructing a gatepost, including a front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Figure 29] A diagram showing an example of a lightweight building block suitable for constructing a gatepost, including a front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Diagram 30] A diagram showing an example of a lightweight building block suitable for constructing a gatepost, including a front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Diagram 31] A diagram showing an example of a lightweight building block suitable for constructing a gatepost, including a front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Diagram 32] A diagram showing an example of a lightweight building block suitable for constructing a gatepost, including a front view, plan view, left side view, and right side view. [Diagram 33] This is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight architectural block with a top plate shape used to construct a lightweight yard roof, and includes a front view, a plan view, a left side view of the plan view, a right side view of the plan view, and a partially omitted bottom view. [Diagram 34] A diagram showing front views of multiple structures simultaneously. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Hereinafter, the embodiment of the lightweight block for construction and the lightweight freestanding wall and the lightweight yard roof using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or corresponding parts are given the same reference numerals, but the reference numerals may be omitted in cases where it is self-evident.

[0024] The lightweight building blocks 10 (A1 to H) shown in Figs. 1 to 34 (mainly described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2) are A lightweight building block having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and made of a lightweight material (e.g., polystyrene foam), At least one of the front face F, back face B, top face U, bottom face D, left side face L, and right side face R is provided with a recess 12D or a protrusion 11U or the like that fits with a protrusion 11U or the like or a recess 12D or the like provided on the back face B, front face F, bottom face D, top face U, right side face R, or left side face L of an adjacent lightweight building block (for example, the lightweight building block 10A1 shown in FIG. 2 ); It is characterized in that at least one through hole 13 is provided in the central part C in the left-right direction, through which the rod-shaped support member 2 (see FIG. 2) passes in the up-down direction and into which an adhesive material (e.g., mortar) is poured.

[0025] Due to the above-mentioned structure, the lightweight building block provides the following advantages:

[0026] For example, as shown in Figure 2, when constructing a wall 3A1 etc. by stacking a number of lightweight architectural blocks (e.g., 10A1) on a foundation 1 on which a rod-shaped support member (e.g., reinforcing bar) 2 is erected, the lightweight architectural block having the rod-shaped support member 2 passing through the through hole 13 and the adjacent lightweight architectural block can be fitted together by fitting the recessed portion 12D etc. and the protruding portion 11U etc. provided between the two, and it is possible to maintain the posture of both the lightweight architectural blocks (10A1) in a connected state, and with this posture maintained, it is possible to pour an adhesive material into the through hole 13. Therefore, compared with the above-mentioned prior art, it becomes possible to easily construct structures such as lightweight freestanding walls.

[0027] In addition, the task of passing the rod-shaped support member 2 through the through hole 13 of the lightweight architectural block (the task of dropping the lightweight architectural block from above the rod-shaped support member 2 so that the through hole 13 is aligned with the rod-shaped support member 2) can be easily performed because the lightweight architectural block is made of a lightweight material.

[0028] For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the lightweight self-supporting wall 3 of this embodiment is A lightweight self-supporting wall including a foundation 1, a rod-shaped support member 2 erected on the foundation 1, and a plurality of lightweight building blocks (10A1) each having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and made of a lightweight material stacked on the foundation 1 with an adhesive 14 therebetween, At least two of the plurality of lightweight building blocks (in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, all of the lightweight building blocks) As described above, at least one of the front, back, top, bottom, left and right sides is provided with a recess or protrusion that fits with a protrusion or recess provided on the back, front, bottom, top, right or left side of an adjacent lightweight building block, This is a lightweight building block having at least one through hole 13 (two in the embodiment shown in Figure 2) in the central part in the left-right direction, through which the rod-shaped support member 2 penetrates in the up-down direction and through which adhesive material can be poured.

[0029] Due to the above-mentioned configuration, the lightweight self-supporting wall 3 can provide the following effects.

[0030] This lightweight self-supporting wall 3A1 can be constructed by piling up a plurality of lightweight building blocks (10A1) with adhesive 14 on a foundation 1 on which rod-shaped support members 2 are erected. During construction, at least two of the multiple lightweight architectural blocks can be held in a connected position by fitting the recessed and protruding parts provided between them, and with this position maintained, adhesive material can be poured into the through hole 13. Therefore, it is possible to easily construct the system compared to the above-mentioned conventional technology. Furthermore, the work of passing the rod-shaped support members 2 through the through holes 13 of the lightweight building blocks can be easily performed because the lightweight building blocks are made of a lightweight material.

[0031] The lightweight self-supporting wall 3A2 shown in FIG. The present invention comprises a first-stage lightweight building block 10A1 that is stacked on a foundation 1 via an adhesive 14, and a second-stage lightweight building block 10A2 that is stacked on the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1 via an adhesive 14, The vertical length L2 of the second-stage lightweight building block 10A2 is longer than the vertical length L1 of the first-stage lightweight building block 10A1.

[0032] With this configuration, the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks 10A1, which have a shorter vertical length than the second tier of lightweight architectural blocks 10A2, are first stacked on the foundation 1 via adhesive 14, making it possible to easily and accurately adjust the level of the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks 10A1.Next, the second tier of lightweight architectural blocks 10A2, which have a longer vertical length than the first tier of lightweight architectural blocks 10A1, are stacked, making it possible to construct a lightweight free-standing wall 3A2 more easily, quickly and efficiently than if multiple first tier lightweight architectural blocks 10A1 were stacked alone.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a second-stage lightweight building block 10A2. For example, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, an upper surface U of a first-stage lightweight building block 10A1 and a lower surface D of a second-stage lightweight building block 10A2 are provided with a recess 12D and a protrusion 11U that fit together.

[0034] With this configuration, the recessed portion 12D and the protruding portion 11U on the upper surface U of the first lightweight building block 10A1 and the lower surface D of the second lightweight building block 10A2 can be fitted together to easily position the second lightweight building block 10A2 relative to the first lightweight building block 10A1, and adhesive material can be poured into the through holes 13 of both lightweight building blocks while maintaining their positioned state. Therefore, a lightweight freestanding wall can be constructed reliably, easily, and efficiently in a short time.

[0035] The lightweight building block 10C1 shown in FIG. A recess C1 is provided at the right end of the front face F, which fits with a protrusion 11L of a lightweight building block (for example, the lightweight building block 10A1 in FIG. 9(a)) that is disposed adjacently in a plan view. In addition, the lightweight building block 10C2 shown in FIG. A recess C2 is provided at the right end of the back surface B, which fits with a protrusion 11L of a lightweight building block (for example, the lightweight building block 10A1 in FIG. 9(b)) that is disposed adjacent to the back surface B in a plan view.

[0036] When configured in this manner, for example as shown in Figure 9(a) or (b), by fitting the recess and protrusion provided between adjacent and perpendicular lightweight building blocks (10A1 and 10C1 (or 10C2)) in a plan view, it is possible to maintain the position of the two lightweight building blocks connected in an orthogonal state, and with the position maintained in this manner, it is possible to pour adhesive material into the through hole 13. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily construct structures such as perpendicular walls.

[0037] The concave / convex relationship of each lightweight architectural block in Figure 9(a) or (b) may be reversed, and in lightweight architectural blocks 10C1 and 10C2, the concave or convex portion on the front or back surface may be provided at the left end of the front or back surface, with the same effect being obtained.

[0038] The lightweight building blocks 10C3 and 10C4 shown in Figures 7 and 8, respectively, have a vertical length L2 of the lightweight building blocks 10C1 and 10C2, and are suitable as the second-tier lightweight building blocks mentioned above.

[0039] For example, as shown in FIG. 10(f), A capping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 is placed at the top of the lightweight freestanding wall 3A2 (see Figure 3), and the bottom surface D of this capping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 and the top surface U of a lightweight architectural block 10A2 placed directly below this capping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 are provided with a recess GD and a protrusion 11U that fit together.

[0040] With this configuration, a lightweight freestanding wall having a coping can be easily constructed. In addition, when the lightweight freestanding wall has an orthogonal portion when viewed in a plane, depending on whether it is an inside corner or an outside corner, an architectural lightweight block fascia 10G2 for inside corners shown in Figure 11(a) is attached to the inside corner, and an architectural lightweight block fascia 10G3 for outside corners shown in Figure 11(b) is attached to the outside corner.

[0041] As shown in Figure 10, the upper surface U of the coping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 in this embodiment is a tapered surface T that protrudes outward beyond the front surface F or rear surface B of the lightweight freestanding wall 3A2, and the lower end U2 of this protrusion forms a drip edge.

[0042] For example, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 34, the lightweight yard roof 4 of this embodiment is as follows: Basic 1 and A plurality of lightweight building blocks 10A110A2 are stacked on the foundation 1 with an adhesive 14, and the like, and the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, 3A3 are arranged at an interval; A top plate-shaped lightweight building block 10H is installed on the upper part of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, 3A3. The bottom left and right ends of this top plate-like lightweight building block 10H and the upper ends of the left and right lightweight freestanding walls are provided with recesses HD and protrusions 11U that fit together.

[0043] As a result of the above-mentioned configuration, with this lightweight yard roof 4, the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3, 3A3 can be easily constructed as described above, and the lightweight yard roof can be easily constructed by placing a top-plate-shaped lightweight architectural block 10H on top of it and fitting the recesses HD and protrusions 11U provided on the left and right ends of the underside of this top-plate-shaped lightweight architectural block 10H into the upper ends of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls 3A3.

[0044] This will be explained in more detail below. Each of the lightweight building blocks 10 (A1 to H) can be made of a known lightweight material (such as polystyrene foam) that is sufficiently lighter (at least half the weight) than known concrete blocks.

[0045] The recesses or protrusions of the lightweight building block can be provided at appropriate locations depending on the application or location of the lightweight building block.

[0046] For example, none of the lightweight building blocks 10B1, 10B2, and 10B3 shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 has a recess or a protrusion on the left side surface L. Therefore, such lightweight building blocks 10B1, 10B2, and 10B3 are suitable for placement at the left end of, for example, the lightweight freestanding wall 3A1 etc. Fig. 34 shows an example of the lightweight building block 10B2.

[0047] Compared to the lightweight building block 10B1, the lightweight building block 10B2 is longer in the left-right direction (the illustrated one is twice as long), and the lightweight building block 10B3 is longer in both the left-right direction and the up-down direction (the illustrated one is twice as long). The lightweight building block 10B3 is suitable as the second-tier lightweight building block mentioned above.

[0048] Moreover, the lightweight building block 10D1 shown in FIG. Therefore, such a lightweight building block 10D1 is suitable for placement at the right end of, for example, a lightweight freestanding wall 3A1. Although not shown, similar to the lightweight building blocks 10B2 and 10B3 described above, blocks that are long in the left-right direction and blocks that are long in both the left-right direction and the up-down direction can be prepared.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 1 etc., recessed portions 11R and protruding portions 11L provided on the left and right faces of the lightweight building block are dovetail shaped to improve positioning accuracy and connecting strength in the left and right direction.

[0050] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight free-standing wall 3B1 having a slit (opening) S, and FIGS. 18 to 21 are diagrams showing lightweight building blocks 10E1 to 10E4 suitable for constructing this lightweight free-standing wall 3B1. The lightweight self-supporting wall 3B1 having the slits (openings) S is constructed by assembling (connecting) the lightweight building blocks 10E1 to 10E4 shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 as shown in FIG. This lightweight freestanding wall 3B1 has a convex portion 11L and a concave portion 12R on the left and right side surfaces L, R, and is therefore suitable for connecting other structures 3A1, etc. to the left and right as shown in FIG.

[0051] FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a lightweight free-standing wall 3B2 having a slit (opening) S, and FIGS. 23 to 26 are diagrams showing lightweight building blocks 10F1 to 10F4 suitable for constructing this lightweight free-standing wall 3B2. The lightweight self-supporting wall 3B2 having the slits (openings) S is constructed by assembling (connecting) the lightweight building blocks 10F1 to 10F4 shown in FIGS. 13 to 26 as shown in FIG. This lightweight freestanding wall 3B2 does not have any convex or concave portions on the left and right side surfaces L, R, and is therefore suitable for cases where other structures, etc. are not connected to the left and right sides.

[0052] 27 and 28 are diagrams showing lightweight building blocks 10D1 and 10D2 suitable for constructing the gatepost 5A1 shown in FIG. 34, for example. A gatepost (e.g., 5A1) of a desired height can be constructed by stacking one or more of these lightweight architectural blocks 10D1 and 10D2. A coping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 with the same width dimension can be attached to the top of the gatepost.

[0053] 29 and 30 are diagrams showing lightweight building blocks 10D3 and 10D4 suitable for constructing the gatepost 5A2 shown in FIG. 34, for example. A gatepost of a desired height (e.g., 5A2) can be constructed by stacking one or more of these lightweight architectural blocks 10D3 and 10D4. A coping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 with the same width dimension can be attached to the top of the gatepost.

[0054] 31 and 32 are diagrams showing lightweight building blocks 10D5 and 10D6 suitable for constructing the gatepost 5A3 shown in FIG. 34, for example. A gatepost of a desired height (for example, 5A3) can be constructed by stacking one or more of these lightweight architectural blocks 10D5 and 10D6. A coping-shaped lightweight architectural block 10G1 with the same width dimension can be attached to the top of the gatepost.

[0055] FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a specific example of a top-plate-shaped lightweight building block 10H for constructing the above-mentioned yard roof 4. In FIG. The four corners of this lightweight building block 10H like a top plate are provided with through holes 13 for pouring adhesive material, and the left and right sides of the underside are provided with recesses 12D (HD) that fit with the protrusions 11U of the left and right lightweight freestanding walls 3A3, 3A3. The upper surface U has a taper T that gradually descends from the rear to the front, and the entire upper surface is provided with a groove U1 that functions as a gutter. The lower surface D has a drain groove D1 at the front.

[0056] The adhesive material poured into the through holes 13 of the lightweight building blocks as described above may be a known adhesive material (for example, mortar). With regard to the first layer of lightweight building blocks (for example, 10A1), it is desirable to use quick-drying mortar as the adhesive material so that they can be stacked on top of the foundation 1 with adhesive 14 and leveled easily and quickly. The lightweight building blocks constituting the structure can be joined together with an adhesive as appropriate. In particular, it is desirable to glue adjacent lightweight building blocks one above the other as necessary.

[0057] All of the structures described above are covered with a net material of suitable strength (e.g., fiberglass net), and then mortar (Cationite) is applied on top of the net material to harden the base. Mortar mixed with a waterproofing agent (e.g., Manol waterproofing material) is then applied again, and finally a finishing material is applied by painting or other means to complete the construction.

[0058] The basic construction process as a whole is as follows: (1) A foundation 1 is constructed of concrete or concrete blocks, and a predetermined number of rod-shaped support members (for example, reinforcing bars) are erected on the foundation 1 at predetermined intervals. (2) A thick layer of adhesive (including caulking material) 14 is applied to the upper surface of the foundation 1. (3) A first-stage lightweight architectural block (e.g., 10A1) is dropped onto the foundation 1 by passing the rod-shaped support member 2 through the through-hole 13 of the lightweight architectural block, and the first-stage lightweight architectural block (e.g., 10A1) is fixed onto the foundation 1 with the adhesive 14. When there are adjacent lightweight building blocks on the left and right of this lightweight building block (10A1), the blocks are arranged by fitting the recessed and protruding parts on the left and right faces of the blocks together by sliding them from above. (4) After the first stage of lightweight building blocks has been installed, check the level with a level or the like, and fill the through holes 13 with mortar (preferably quick-drying mortar). (5) After the mortar has dried, the second and subsequent layers of lightweight building blocks are stacked as necessary. At this time, adhesive 14 is applied between the upper and lower blocks as necessary. (6) Once the necessary lightweight building blocks have been stacked, the necessary sides of the structure (for example, the front and back) are covered with netting material, and mortar (Cationite) is applied on top of the netting material to harden the base, and then mortar mixed with a waterproofing agent (for example, Manol waterproofing material) is applied again. In this case, when a lightweight building block for use as a coping is provided on the upper part of the wall structure, a net material N having a length sufficient to cover the lightweight building block for use as a coping 10G1 is used (see FIG. 10(f)). (7) Finally, a finishing material is applied by painting or other method.

[0059] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped support member 2 is not limited to a circle, but may be a rectangle or a V-shape. It is desirable to form the lightweight self-supporting wall by arranging lightweight building blocks 10A1, 10A2, etc. in a staggered pattern, as shown in FIG. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1: Basics 2: Rod-shaped support member 4: Lightweight Yard Roof 3A1, 3A2: Lightweight self-supporting wall 10A1~H: Lightweight building blocks 11L, 11U: Convex 12D, 12R: Concave 13: Through hole

Claims

[Claim 1] Basics (1) and the light weight building blocks are rectangular parallelepiped-shaped and made of lightweight material and are stacked on the foundation (1) with an adhesive (14), the upper and lower surfaces of which are provided with concave or convex parts that fit with convex or concave parts provided on the lower and upper surfaces of adjacent light weight building blocks in the vertical direction, and the central part in the horizontal direction is provided with at least one through hole (13) through which a rod-shaped support member (2) is passed in the vertical direction and through which an adhesive material is poured, the convex part (11U) provided on the upper surface forms a protrusion extending in the longitudinal direction along a center line extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the block in a plan view, and the protrusion (11U) is provided at a position that does not block the through hole (13); and A top plate-shaped lightweight building block (10H) is installed on the top of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls (3A3), This lightweight yard roof is characterized in that interlocking recesses and protrusions are provided on the left and right ends of the underside of the top plate-shaped lightweight architectural block (10H) and the upper ends of the left and right lightweight self-supporting walls (3A3).

Images