Magnetic Rotation Device, Electric Motor, Generator, and Motor Generator

Abstract

Provided is a magnetic force rotating device that achieves high torque and high output even at low rotation speeds. 【Solution means】The magnetic force rotating device 1 includes a rotor 12 in which a permanent magnet group 32 composed of a plurality of permanent magnets 31 arranged in the circumferential direction is disposed at a predetermined distance in the rotation axis direction, and a stator 13 having a plurality of electromagnets 41 arranged at positions radially outside each of the two permanent magnet groups 32 and spaced apart in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnets 31 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction have the same magnetic poles facing each other, and the two permanent magnet groups 32 have different magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets 31 in the rotation axis direction. One of the two electromagnets 41 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction has a winding wound around a first leg portion of an iron core 42 having a first leg portion, a second leg portion, and a connecting portion, and the other has a configuration in which a winding is wound around the second leg portion, and each winding is wound in the same direction. The predetermined distance is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet 31 in the rotation axis direction, and the number of the plurality of electromagnets 41 is 1.5 times the number of the permanent magnets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a magnetic force rotating device, an electric motor, a generator, and an electric motor-generator.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there has been known a magnetic force rotating device including a stator in which a plurality of iron cores around which windings are wound are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and a rotor in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and which rotates in a state facing the stator.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a magnetic force rotating device configured to flow various pulse currents through the windings of an electromagnet when a rotating body is in regions of various rotational positions so that a repulsive force is generated between the permanent magnet of the rotor and the electromagnet of the stator. The magnetic force rotating device described in Patent Document 1 is said to be suitable for high-speed rotation and capable of obtaining a high electromagnetic torque.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a magnetic force rotating device including a rotor in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction and a stator in which a plurality of electromagnets are arranged in the circumferential direction, the electromagnets being intermittently energized, and the rotor being rotated by the attractive force and repulsive force between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet. Patent Document 2 discloses that the detent torque (cogging torque) is reduced by making the number of permanent magnets and the number of electromagnets different from each other.

[0005] Patent Document 3 discloses a unidirectional conduction type brushless DC motor including an AC voltage output winding that directly generates electricity by the rotation of a rotating body while rotating the rotating body to function as a motor.

[0006] Such a magnetic force rotating device can be used to form an electric motor or a generator. For example, it is possible to operate as an electric motor by generating a rotational torque by attraction or repulsion between the magnetic field of the iron core generated by the current flowing through the coil and the permanent magnet. Also, it is possible to operate as a generator by rotating the rotor by an external rotational force, causing a change in magnetic flux in the iron core due to the rotation of the permanent magnet, and extracting current from the coil.

[0007] Moreover, it is possible to form an electric motor - generator by forming the electric motor and the generator by the magnetic force rotating device coaxially.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0008]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0009] However, the magnetic force rotating devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, and the brushless DC motor disclosed in Patent Document 3 have room for improvement in torque improvement and output improvement at low rotation speeds.

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above - mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a magnetic force rotating device capable of improving torque and output at low rotation speeds, as well as an electric motor, a generator, and an electric motor - generator provided with such a magnetic force rotating device.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0011] The magnetic force rotating device in one embodiment is A rotor in which a permanent magnet group composed of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to a rotation axis is arranged in pairs with a predetermined distance in the rotation axis direction, A stator having a plurality of electromagnets arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and separated radially outward with respect to each of the two permanent magnet groups arranged in pairs, comprising, Two adjacent permanent magnets in the circumferential direction are arranged such that the same magnetic poles face each other in the circumferential direction, The permanent magnet groups arranged in pairs are arranged such that the magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets in the rotation axis direction are different, Of the plurality of electromagnets, one of the two electromagnets arranged adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction has a configuration in which a winding is wound around the first leg of an iron core having a first leg, a second leg, and a connecting portion connecting the first leg and the second leg, and the other has a configuration in which a winding is wound around the second leg. The winding wound around the first leg and the winding wound around the second leg are wound in the same direction, The predetermined distance is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction, The number (n) of the permanent magnets constituting one permanent magnet group is 1.5 times the number (m) of the plurality of electromagnets arranged at a position separated radially outward corresponding to one permanent magnet group, which is characterized in that.

[0012] The shape of the permanent magnet when viewed in the rotation axis direction may be rectangular, and the permanent magnet may be arranged such that the center line of the opposing poles passes through the center of the rotation axis.

[0013] The support member that supports the permanent magnet group and rotates integrally with the rotation axis is a non-magnetic body, and the rotation axis may be a magnetic body or a non-magnetic body.

[0014] The iron core may be made of a silicon steel sheet or Fe-Si based amorphous.

[0015] The predetermined distance is preferably 1.5 times or less the length of the permanent magnet in the direction of the rotation axis.

[0016] The magnetic force rotating device may be an electric motor.

[0017] The magnetic force rotating device may be a generator.

[0018] The electric motor in one embodiment is a first magnetic force rotating device which is any one of the above magnetic force rotating devices, and a second magnetic force rotating device having the same configuration as the first magnetic force rotating device, and is characterized in that the first magnetic force rotating device and the second magnetic force rotating device are connected to each other so as to rotate around the same rotation axis.

[0019] The generator in one embodiment is a first magnetic force rotating device which is any one of the above magnetic force rotating devices, and a second magnetic force rotating device having the same configuration as the first magnetic force rotating device, and is characterized in that the first magnetic force rotating device and the second magnetic force rotating device are connected to each other so as to rotate around the same rotation axis.

[0020] An electric motor which is any one of the above magnetic force rotating devices, and a generator which is any one of the above magnetic force rotating devices, and are characterized in that the electric motor and the generator are connected to each other so as to rotate around the same rotation axis, and the rotation of the electric motor generates electricity in the generator.

Advantages of the Invention

[0021] According to the magnetic force rotating device, motor, generator, and motor-generator of the present invention, it is possible to realize a magnetic force rotating device, motor, generator, and motor-generator that can achieve high torque and high output even at low rotation compared to conventional magnetic force rotating devices, motors, generators, and motor-generators.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0023] 〔First Embodiment〕 FIG. 1 shows a side cross-sectional view of the magnetic force rotating device 1 of the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a front cross-sectional view of the magnetic force rotating device 1 of the first embodiment according to the present invention. FIGS. 3 and 4 are partially enlarged views of the magnetic force rotating device 1 shown in FIG. 1. Note that the front cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when the magnetic force rotating device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is cut along line II-II.

[0024] Note that the main purpose of these figures is to show the arrangement relationship of the rotor 12, stator 13, permanent magnet 31, and iron core 42, etc., which will be described later, and they do not accurately show the mechanical structure and connection relationship of various members in the magnetic force rotating device 1. Various known technologies can be applied to the mechanical structure and the like.

[0025] The magnetic force rotating device 1 in the first embodiment includes a rotor 12 that rotates about a rotation axis 11 and a stator 13 that is disposed radially outside the rotor 12 with respect to the rotation axis 11. The rotation axis 11 is rotatably supported with respect to the frame 21 by bearings provided on the frame 21.

[0026] 〔Rotor〕 The rotor 12 has a configuration in which a permanent magnet group 32 composed of a plurality of permanent magnets 31 that are circumferentially spaced apart from the rotation axis 11 are arranged in pairs with a predetermined distance L1 in the rotation axis direction. In this specification, the rotation axis direction means the direction in which the rotation axis 11 extends. As shown in FIG. 2, each of the plurality of permanent magnets 31 is arranged such that N and S poles are formed along the circumferential direction. In particular, two adjacent permanent magnets 31 in the circumferential direction are arranged such that the same poles face each other in the circumferential direction.

[0027] Any permanent magnet can be preferably used for the permanent magnet 31, but in the present invention, a magnet (neodymium magnet) containing neodymium (or neodymium) as a component is preferably used. The permanent magnet 31 may be nickel-plated so that its surface is smooth. In this embodiment, the shape of the permanent magnet 31 is generally a rectangular parallelepiped, and the shape when viewed in the rotation axis direction is a rectangle. Each permanent magnet 31 is arranged such that the center line of the opposing poles passes through the center of the rotation axis 11. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the distance between the opposing surfaces 31m of two adjacent permanent magnets 31 in the circumferential direction is closer at the radially inner position and farther at the radially outer position.

[0028] In this embodiment, the number (n) of permanent magnets 31 that make up one permanent magnet group 32 is 8. That is, eight permanent magnets 31 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. When viewed in the direction of the rotation axis, the angle β1 (see FIG. 4) between two adjacent permanent magnets 31 with respect to the center of the rotation axis 11 is 45° (360° / 8). However, the number (n) of permanent magnets 31 that make up one permanent magnet group 32 is not limited to 8.

[0029] In this specification, for convenience of explanation, one of the two permanent magnet groups 32 arranged in pairs may be referred to as the first permanent magnet group 32, and the other may be referred to as the second permanent magnet group 32. Among the two permanent magnet groups 32 arranged in pairs, the plurality of permanent magnets 31 that make up the first permanent magnet group 32 and the plurality of permanent magnets 31 that make up the second permanent magnet group 32 are arranged at the same position when viewed in the direction of the rotation axis. That is, when viewed in the direction of the rotation axis, the plurality of permanent magnets 31 that make up the first permanent magnet group 32 and the plurality of permanent magnets 31 that make up the second permanent magnet group 32 are arranged so as to overlap. Also, the first permanent magnet group 32 and the second permanent magnet group 32 are arranged such that the magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets 31 in the direction of the rotation axis are different.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 3, the "predetermined distance L1" between the first permanent magnet group 32 and the second permanent magnet group 32 is equal to or greater than the length L2 of the permanent magnet 31 in the direction of the rotation axis. If the predetermined distance L1 is short, the plurality of permanent magnets 31 that make up the first permanent magnet group 32 Magnetic flux line and the plurality of permanent magnets 31 that make up the second permanent magnet group 32 Magnetic flux line interfere with each other, and the performance of the magnetic force rotating device 1 deteriorates. However, by setting the predetermined distance L1 to be equal to or greater than the length L2 of the permanent magnet 31 in the direction of the rotation axis, Magnetic flux line it is possible to prevent the performance degradation due to the interference.

[0031] Incidentally, when the above-mentioned predetermined distance L1 becomes longer, the magnetic force rotating device 1 becomes larger in size. For this reason, from the viewpoint of achieving both performance and a compact size, the predetermined distance L1 between the first permanent magnet group 32 and the second permanent magnet group 32 is, for example, equal to or greater than the length L2 of the permanent magnet 31 in the rotation axis direction, and preferably equal to or less than 1.5 times the length L2 of the permanent magnet 31.

[0032] In the magnetic force rotating device 1 according to the present embodiment, a support member 22 for supporting the permanent magnet group 32 and rotating integrally with the rotating shaft 11 is provided. In the present embodiment, the support member 22 is a disk-shaped side plate member that sandwiches and positions the first permanent magnet group 32 and the second permanent magnet group 32 from both sides. The support member 22 is a non-magnetic body and is made of, for example, synthetic resin. The support member 22 is fixed to a cylindrical bush 23 through which the rotating shaft 11 passes. The bush 23 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 11 by means of a key 24. Incidentally, the materials and shapes of these support members 22 and the like can be various other than those described above.

[0033] 〔Stator〕 The stator 13 has a plurality of electromagnets 41 that are arranged at positions radially outside and circumferentially spaced apart from each other with respect to each of the two permanent magnet groups 32 of the rotor 12 arranged in pairs. That is, a plurality of electromagnets 41 are arranged at positions radially outside and circumferentially spaced apart from each other with respect to the first permanent magnet group 32, and a plurality of electromagnets 41 are arranged at positions radially outside and circumferentially spaced apart from each other with respect to the second permanent magnet group 32.

[0034] The electromagnet 41 has a structure in which a coil 43 is wound around the legs 42a and 42b of an iron core 42 having a first leg 42a, a second leg 42b, and a connecting portion 42c connecting the first leg 42a and the second leg 42b (see FIG. 3). Specifically, one of two electromagnets 41 arranged adjacent to each other in the rotational axis direction among the plurality of electromagnets 41 has a structure in which the coil 43 is wound around the first leg 42a of the iron core 42 having the above shape, and the other has a structure in which the coil 43 is wound around the second leg 42b. Here, for convenience of explanation, the coil 43 wound around the first leg 42a of the iron core 42 is called the first coil 43, and the coil 43 wound around the second leg 42b is called the second coil 43. The first coil 43 wound around the first leg 42a and the second coil 43 wound around the second leg 42b are wound in the same direction.

[0035] In the present embodiment, a U-shape is formed by the first leg 42a, the second leg 42b, and the connecting portion 42c of the iron core 42. As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting portion 42c of the iron core 42 extends parallel to the rotational axis 11 at the position on the end side of the first leg 42a and the second leg 42b. The first leg 42a and the second leg 42b of the iron core 42 extend in a direction orthogonal to the connecting portion 42c. The iron core 42 in the present embodiment has the first leg 42a, the second leg 42b, and the connecting portion 42c integrally formed, but a configuration in which separate members are connected may also be used. The end faces 42d of the tips of the first leg 42a and the second leg 42b of each iron core 42 have a rectangular shape and are arranged so as to face the center of the rotational axis 11. However, the shape of the iron core 42 is not limited to the U-shape.

[0036] By applying electric power to the first winding 43 and the second winding 43, a magnetic field is generated, and when the iron core 42 is magnetized, it becomes an electromagnet 41. By flowing currents in opposite directions through the first winding 43 and the second winding 43, magnetic poles with different polarities are formed on the end faces 42d of the first leg portion 42a and the end faces 42d of the second leg portion 42b of the iron core 42. That is, when currents are passed through the first winding 43 and the second winding 43, one of the end faces 42d of the first leg portion 42a and the end faces 42d of the second leg portion 42b becomes the N pole and the other becomes the S pole.

[0037] In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the number (m) of a plurality of electromagnets 41 arranged at positions radially outward and spaced apart corresponding to one permanent magnet group 32 is 12. That is, 12 electromagnets 41 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. When viewed in the rotational axis direction, the angle β2 (see FIG. 4) between two adjacent electromagnets 41 with reference to the center of the rotational axis 11 is 30° (360° / 12). However, the number (m) of electromagnets 41 provided corresponding to one permanent magnet group 32 is not limited to 12.

[0038] The number (m) of a plurality of electromagnets 41 arranged at positions radially outward and spaced apart corresponding to one permanent magnet group 32 is 1.5 times the number (n) of permanent magnets 31 constituting one permanent magnet group 32. By setting the number (m) of a plurality of electromagnets 41 arranged at positions radially outward and spaced apart corresponding to one permanent magnet group 32 to be 1.5 times the number (n) of permanent magnets 31 constituting one permanent magnet group 32, high torque and high output can be realized even at low rotation for reasons described later. For example, when n = 8, m = 12, and when n = 16, m = 24. The larger the numbers of n and m, the higher the performance of the magnetic force rotating device 1, but an increase in wiring causes problems in terms of marketability. Considering performance and marketability, it is preferable that n = 8 and m = 12 as in the present embodiment.

[0039] The frame 21 is provided with a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel to mechanically maintain the magnetic force rotating device 1 and forms the outer shape of the magnetic force rotating device 1.

[0040] The rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported with respect to the frame 21 by bearings provided on the frame 21. The rotating shaft 11 is made of a magnetic or non-magnetic material. As described above, the permanent magnets 31 of the rotor 12 are arranged such that N and S poles are formed along the circumferential direction, and with such an arrangement, the rotating shaft 11 is configured not to be affected by the magnetic force of the permanent magnets 31. For this reason, the rotating shaft 11 can be configured using a magnetic material.

[0041] The magnetic force rotating device 1 in the present embodiment is provided with a semiconductor for detecting the rotational angular position of the rotating shaft 11, for example, a photo interrupter 51 (see FIG. 1). A shielding disk 52 is attached to the rotating shaft 11, and the shielding disk 52 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 11. The photo interrupter 51 turns on / off according to the rotational angular position of the shielding disk 52.

[0042] 〔Explanation about the polarity of the permanent magnet etc.〕 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the iron core 42 and the permanent magnets 31 in the magnetic force rotating device 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the virtual magnetic poles J of the rotor 12 in the magnetic force rotating device 1. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the state of the rotational drive of the magnetic force rotating device 1.

[0043] Note that FIG. 5 corresponds to a cross-sectional arrow view at the position of the II-II line in FIG. 1. Also, in FIGS. 2, 4 to 7, one state of the rotational angular position that the rotor 12 can take is shown in a free state where no current is passed through the winding 43 and no external rotational force is applied to the rotating shaft 11.

[0044] As described above, in FIG. 5, the center lines LK of the iron cores 42 form a central angle of β2 (= 30°) with each other, and the center lines LT of the permanent magnets 31 form a central angle of β1 (= 45°) with each other.

[0045] In FIG. 5, the core at the uppermost position is designated as "42A1", and along the direction of arrow DS, that is, in the counterclockwise direction, every other one is sequentially designated as "42A2", "42A3", and "42A4". Here, the four cores 42 from "42A1" to "42A4" are called the cores 42 of phase A. Also, with the core 42A1 as a reference, the core 42 adjacent to it in the direction of arrow DS is designated as "42B1", and along the direction of arrow DS, every other one is sequentially designated as "42B2", "42B3", and "42B4". Here, the four cores 42 from "42B1" to "42B4" are called the cores 42 of phase B. Further, with the core 42A1 as a reference, the core 42 adjacent to it with two intervals in the direction of arrow DS is designated as "42C1", and along the direction of arrow DS, every other one is sequentially designated as "42C2", "42C3", and "42C4". Here, the four cores 42 from "42C1" to "42C4" are called the cores 42 of phase C.

[0046] In FIG. 6, the virtual poles J formed by two adjacent permanent magnets 31 in the circumferential direction are indicated by black circles or white circles. The black circle represents the virtual pole J of the N pole, and the white circle represents the virtual pole J of the S pole. In this specification, the virtual pole J of the N pole may be described as "virtual pole JN", and the virtual pole J of the S pole may be described as "virtual pole JS".

[0047] As shown in FIG. 6, along the circumferential direction, the virtual poles JN and JS appear alternately, four at a time. This means that the number of poles of the rotor 12 is 8 poles. That is, eight magnetic poles (virtual poles J) are formed by eight permanent magnets 31.

[0048] In the magnetic force rotating device 1 of this embodiment, eight permanent magnets 31, which are four times two, are used to form the same eight magnetic poles (virtual poles J). As a result, the strength of the magnetic poles (virtual poles J) increases, and the magnetic field extends over a wide range.

[0049] On the other hand, if, for example, the polarities of the eight permanent magnets 31 shown in FIG. 6 are such that the polarities of the respective magnets are the same with respect to the direction of rotation, the opposing magnetic pole faces of adjacent permanent magnets 31 will have different polarities from each other, and thus 16 magnetic poles will be formed. Also, when the same configuration is used with four permanent magnets 31, eight magnetic poles will be formed.

[0050] That is, when the opposing magnetic pole faces of two adjacent permanent magnets 31 in the circumferential direction are arranged to have different polarities from each other, eight magnetic poles are formed by four permanent magnets 31. However, in the magnetic force rotating device 1 of the present embodiment, by making the opposing magnetic pole faces have the same polarity as each other, eight magnetic poles (virtual magnetic poles J) are formed by eight permanent magnets 31. As a result, in the magnetic force rotating device 1 of the present embodiment, compared with the configuration in which eight magnetic poles are formed using four permanent magnets 31, the strength of the magnetic poles (virtual magnetic poles J) increases.

[0051] In this way, in the magnetic force rotating device 1 of the present embodiment, since the same eight magnetic poles (virtual magnetic poles J) are formed using eight permanent magnets 31, the magnetic field gathers at the virtual magnetic poles J and the strength of the magnetic poles increases, and a strong magnetic field is formed over a wide range in the vicinity of the virtual magnetic poles J. For this reason, the magnetic action between the virtual magnetic poles J and the iron core 42 increases, and the rotational torque increases, so that high torque and high output can be achieved even at low rotation speeds. Therefore, the output when the magnetic force rotating device 1 is used as an electric motor can be improved, and the power generation efficiency and output when it is used as a generator can be improved.

[0052] Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the principle of generation of rotational torque in the magnetic force rotating device 1 will be described. FIG. 7(a) shows a state in which one permanent magnet 31 of the rotor 12 faces the iron core 42A1 at the uppermost position. That is, it is a state in which the center line LK of the iron core 42A1 and the center line LT of the permanent magnet 31 coincide.

[0053] Here, for convenience of explanation, among the plurality of permanent magnets 31 shown in Fig. 7(a), the one at the uppermost position is referred to as the permanent magnet 31a, and in order along the direction of the arrow DS, they are referred to as the permanent magnet 31b, the permanent magnet 31c, the permanent magnet 31d, the permanent magnet 31e, the permanent magnet 31f, the permanent magnet 31g, and the permanent magnet 31h. As shown in Fig. 7(a), when the permanent magnet 31a is at the position facing the iron core 42A1, the permanent magnet 31c faces the iron core 42A2, the permanent magnet 31e faces the iron core 42A3, and the permanent magnet 31g is at the position facing the iron core 42A4. Also, the permanent magnet 31b is located between the iron cores 42B1 and 42C1, the permanent magnet 31d is located between the iron cores 42B2 and 42C2, the permanent magnet 31f is located between the iron cores 42B3 and 42C3, and the permanent magnet 31h is located between the iron cores 42B4 and 42C4.

[0054] The permanent magnet 31a at the uppermost position has an S pole on the right side and an N pole on the left side in the figure. Therefore, a virtual magnetic pole JS is formed on the right side of the iron core 42A1, and a virtual magnetic pole JN is formed on the left side. In this state, when a current is passed through the windings 43 of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A and the end faces of the iron cores 42A1, 42A2, 42A3, and 42A4 facing the permanent magnets 31a, 31c, 31e, and 31g are excited to become N poles, the N poles of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A repel the virtual magnetic pole JN and attract the virtual magnetic pole JS. Thus, the rotor 12 rotates in the left direction (the direction of the arrow DS). The rotational torque at this time becomes large because the virtual magnetic pole J is strong and due to the combined effects of both repulsion and attraction.

[0055] Here, when checking the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A to which power is applied, together with the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C to which no power is applied, it was found that current was flowing not only through the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, but also through the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C. Figures 8(a) to (c) are diagrams showing the time variation of the voltage waveforms of the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B, and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C when power is applied to the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, measured using an oscilloscope. As shown in Figures 8(b) and (c), current is flowing through the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C to which no power is applied, and voltage is being measured. This is thought to be because, as the rotor 12 rotates, the permanent magnet 31 approaches or moves away from the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C, and by electromagnetic induction, induced current is generated in the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C. Also, when the core 42 constituting the electromagnet 41 is not in a U shape like the magnetic force rotating device 1 in the present embodiment, but is a single linear core 42, it is considered that no current was flowing through the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B immediately before power was applied to the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B.

[0056] Among the two electromagnets 41 arranged adjacent to each other in the direction of the rotation axis, for the electromagnet 41 not shown in FIG. 7, the same control is performed with the opposite magnetic pole relationship. That is, for the electromagnet 41 not shown in FIG. 7, a current is passed through the windings 43 of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, and the end faces of the iron cores 42A1, 42A2, 42A3, and 42A4 facing the permanent magnets 31a, 31c, 31e, and 31g are excited to become S poles, whereby the rotor 12 rotates in the left direction (the direction of arrow DS). That is, the rotor 12 has a pair of permanent magnet groups 32 arranged, and the stator 13 has a plurality of electromagnets 41 at positions radially outwardly spaced from each of the two permanent magnet groups 32, whereby a larger rotational torque can be obtained. Thereby, high torque and high output can be realized even at low rotation. Therefore, the output when the magnetic force rotating device 1 is used as an electric motor can be improved, and the power generation efficiency and output when used as a generator can be improved.

[0057] Here, as described above, the number (m) of the plurality of electromagnets 41 arranged at positions radially outwardly spaced corresponding to one permanent magnet group 32 is 1.5 times the number (n) of the permanent magnets 31 constituting one permanent magnet group 32. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C do not face any of the permanent magnets 31a to 31h. More specifically, the permanent magnet 31b is located between the iron core 42B1 and the iron core 42C1, the permanent magnet 31d is located between the iron core 42B2 and the iron core 42C2, the permanent magnet 31f is located between the iron core 42B3 and the iron core 42C3, and the permanent magnet 31h is located between the iron core 42B4 and the iron core 42C4. For this reason, the permanent magnets 31b, 31d, 31f, and 31h are in unstable positions that can be easily rotated in both the left and right directions, so when power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, it does not prevent the rotation of the rotor 12. Thereby, high torque and high output can be realized even at low rotation. This is the same when power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and when power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4, which will be described later.

[0058] In addition, when the number (m) of the electromagnets 41 is the same as the number (n) of the permanent magnets 31, when power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C are respectively at positions facing the permanent magnets 31. In this case, since an attractive force is generated between the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B and the permanent magnets 31, and between the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C and the permanent magnets 31, the rotation of the rotor 12 will be hindered.

[0059] The state shown in Fig. 7(b) is a state in which the rotor 12 has rotated by an on-angle θ1 to the left from the state shown in Fig. 7(a). In Fig. 7(b), the permanent magnet 31a that was at the uppermost position in Fig. 7(a) is in a state facing the iron core 42B1. In this state, power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B, and excitation is performed so that the end faces of the iron cores 42B1 to B4 of phase B facing the permanent magnets 31a, 31c, 31e, and 31g become N poles. Thereby, since the N poles of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B repel the virtual magnetic pole JN and attract the virtual magnetic pole JS, the rotor 12 continues to rotate to the left (in the direction of the arrow DS). In the case of this explanation, the on-angle θ1 is 30°.

[0060] In Fig. 7, the power of the windings 43 of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A is turned on in the state shown in Fig. 7(a), for example, and turned off in the state shown in Fig. 7(b). However, the power of the windings 43 of the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A may be turned on slightly before the state shown in Fig. 7(a). That is, when the center line LT of the permanent magnet 31a is on the right side of the center line LK of the iron core 42A1, the power of the winding 43 of the iron core 42A1 is turned on. The same applies to the power of the windings 43 of the other iron cores 42A2 to 42A4 of phase A.

[0061] That is, when the virtual magnetic pole JN is closer to the iron core 42A1 than in the state shown in Fig. 7(a), the power of the winding 43 of the iron core 42A1 may be turned on. For example, when the corner 33 of the N pole of the permanent magnet 31a coincides with the center line LK of the iron core 42A1, or when the virtual magnetic pole JN coincides with the center line LK of the iron core 42A1, it is also possible to turn on the power to the winding 43 of the iron core 42A1. In this case, the on angle θ1 can be made wider.

[0062] As described above, when power is applied to the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, current also flows through the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B. Therefore, when power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B, the windings 43 of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B are already in a state where current is flowing. For this reason, compared with a configuration in which power is applied to the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B from a state where no current is flowing through the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B, the rotational response of the rotor 12 to power application can be improved.

[0063] Note that when the current flowing through the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B when power is applied to the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A is taken out to the outside so that the current immediately before power is applied to the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B becomes 0, and then current is passed through the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B, the magnetic force rotating device 1 stopped operating normally.

[0064] Similar to when power is applied to the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A, when power is applied to the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B, current also flows through the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C and the iron cores 42A1 to 42A4 of phase A to which no power is applied.

[0065] The state shown in Fig. 7(c) is a state in which the rotor 12 has rotated by an on-angle θ1 in the left direction from the state shown in Fig. 7(b). In Fig. 7(c), the permanent magnet 31a that was at the position facing the iron core 42B1 in Fig. 7(b) is at the position facing the iron core 42C1. In this state, power is applied to the windings 43 of the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C, and excitation is performed so that the end faces of the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C facing the permanent magnets 31a, 31c, 31e, and 31g become N poles. As a result, there is repulsion between the N poles of the iron cores 42C1 to 42C4 of phase C and the virtual pole JN, and attraction between them and the virtual pole JS, so the rotor 12 continues to rotate in the left direction (the direction of arrow DS).

[0066] In Fig. 7, the power of the windings 43 of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B is, for example, turned on in the state of Fig. 7(b) and turned off in the state of Fig. 7(c). However, the power of the windings 43 of the iron cores 42B1 to 42B4 of phase B may be turned on slightly before the state shown in Fig. 7(b). That is, when the center line LT of the permanent magnet 31a is on the right side of the center line LK of the iron core 42B1, the power of the winding 43 of the iron core 42B1 is turned on. The same applies to the power of the windings 43 of the other iron cores 42B2 to 42B4 of phase B.

[0067] That is, when the virtual pole JN is closer to the iron core 42B1 than in the state shown in Fig. 7(b), the power of the winding 43 of the iron core 42B1 may be turned on. For example, when the corner 33 of the N pole of the permanent magnet 31a coincides with the center line LK of the iron core 42B1, or when the virtual pole JN coincides with the center line LK of the iron core 42B1, it is also possible to turn on the power to the winding 43 of the iron core 42B1.

[0068] As described above, when power is applied to the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of the B phase, current also flows through the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of the C phase. Therefore, compared with a configuration in which power is applied to the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of the C phase starting from a state where no current is flowing through the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of the C phase, the rotational response of the rotor 12 to the applied power can be improved. Also, when power is applied to the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of the A phase, and when power is applied to the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of the B phase, similarly, when power is applied to the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of the C phase, current also flows through the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of the A phase and the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of the B phase to which no power is applied.

[0069] Subsequently, in the same manner, by applying power to the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of the A phase, the cores 42B1 to 42B4 of the B phase, and the cores 42C1 to 42C4 of the C phase in this order, the rotor 12 can be continuously rotated.

[0070] In the above description, it was assumed that the rotor 12 rotates in the left direction. However, by changing the excitation timing of the core 42, it is also possible to rotate the rotor 12 in the right direction. That is, in FIG. 7(a), the permanent magnet 31a at the uppermost position has an S pole on the right side and an N pole on the left side of the figure. However, with the permanent magnets 31b, 31d, 31f, 31h having an N pole on the right side and an S pole on the left side at the uppermost position, current is passed through the windings 43 of the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of the A phase, and the end faces 42d of the cores 42A1 to 42A4 of the A phase facing the permanent magnets 31b, 31d, 31f, 31h are excited to become N poles, whereby the rotor 12 can be rotated in the right direction.

[0071] The magnetic force rotating device 1 in the first embodiment can be used as an electric motor in which the rotor 12 rotates by applying power to the windings 43 of the core 42 of the stator 13. Also, the magnetic force rotating device 1 in the first embodiment can also be used as a generator that extracts the current generated in the windings 43 of the core 42 of the stator 13 by rotating the rotor 12 by an external force.

[0072] 〔Second Embodiment〕 As described above, the magnetic force rotating device 1 in the first embodiment can be used as an electric motor. The electric motor in the second embodiment has a configuration including two magnetic force rotating devices in the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the electric motor 2 in the second embodiment including two magnetic force rotating devices 1 in the first embodiment. Here, one of the two magnetic force rotating devices 1 is called the first magnetic force rotating device 1a, and the other is called the second magnetic force rotating device 1b. The first magnetic force rotating device 1a and the second magnetic force rotating device 1b have the same configuration.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 9, the first magnetic force rotating device 1a and the second magnetic force rotating device 1b are connected to each other so as to rotate around the same rotating shaft 11. According to this configuration, since the electric motor 2 is constituted by the two magnetic force rotating devices 1a and 1b, a larger output can be obtained.

[0074] Note that the electric motor 2 in the second embodiment has a configuration including two magnetic force rotating devices 1 in the first embodiment, but it may also have a configuration including three or more magnetic force rotating devices 1.

[0075] 〔Third Embodiment〕 As described above, the magnetic force rotating device 1 in the first embodiment can be used as a generator. The generator in the third embodiment has a configuration including two magnetic force rotating devices 1 in the first embodiment. The configuration of the generator in the third embodiment is the same as the configuration of the electric motor 2 in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9. That is, the generator in the third embodiment includes the first magnetic force rotating device 1a and the second magnetic force rotating device 1b, and the first magnetic force rotating device 1a and the second magnetic force rotating device 1b are connected to each other so as to rotate around the same rotating shaft 11. According to this configuration, since the generator is constituted by the two magnetic force rotating devices 1a and 1b, a larger generated electric power can be obtained.

[0076] 〔Fourth Embodiment〕 By forming a magnetic force rotating device 1 operating as an electric motor and a magnetic force rotating device 1 operating as a generator coaxially, it is possible to configure a motor generator. The motor generator in the fourth embodiment includes an electric motor that is the first magnetic force rotating device 1a and a generator that is the second magnetic force rotating device 1b. The electric motor and the generator are connected to each other so as to rotate around the same rotating shaft 11, and the generator is configured to generate electricity by the rotation of the electric motor. The configuration of the main part of the motor generator in the fourth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the main part of the electric motor 2 in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9.

[0077] According to the motor generator in the fourth embodiment, since it has a configuration including a highly efficient electric motor and a generator, it is possible to convert DC to AC with higher efficiency compared to a configuration that converts DC to AC by an inverter.

[0078] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various applications and modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0079] 1, 1a, 1b Magnetic force rotating device 2 Electric motor 11 Rotating shaft 12 Rotor 13 Stator 21 Frame 22 Support member 23 Bush 24 Key 31, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f, 31g, 31h Permanent magnet 32 Permanent magnet group 41 Electromagnet 42, 42A1~42A4, 42B1~42B4, 42C1~42C4 Iron core 42a First leg 42b Second leg 42c Connection part 43 Coil 51 Photointerrupter 52 Shielding disk J Virtual magnetic pole LK Center line of the iron core LT Center line of the permanent magnet θ1 On angle β1 Central angle of the permanent magnet β2 Central angle of the iron core

Claims

1. a rotor in which a group of permanent magnets, each consisting of a plurality of permanent magnets spaced apart in a circumferential direction with respect to a rotation shaft, is arranged in pairs at a predetermined distance in the direction of the rotation shaft; a stator including a plurality of electromagnets arranged at positions spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction at positions radially outwardly spaced apart from each other with respect to the two permanent magnet groups arranged in pairs; Equipped with Two of the permanent magnets adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are arranged such that the same magnetic poles face each other in the circumferential direction, The permanent magnet groups arranged in pairs are arranged such that two adjacent permanent magnets in the rotation axis direction have different magnetic poles, one of two of the plurality of electromagnets arranged adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction has a configuration in which a winding is wound around a first leg of an iron core having a first leg, a second leg, and a connection portion connecting the first leg and the second leg, and the other has a configuration in which a winding is wound around the second leg, the winding wound around the first leg and the winding wound around the second leg being wound in the same direction; the predetermined distance is equal to or greater than the length of the permanent magnet in the direction of the rotation axis, A magnetic rotating device characterized in that the number (m) of the electromagnets arranged at positions spaced apart radially outwardly in correspondence with one of the permanent magnet groups is 1.5 times the number (n) of the permanent magnets constituting one of the permanent magnet groups.

2. The magnetic rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the permanent magnets when viewed in the direction of the rotation axis is rectangular, and the permanent magnets are arranged so that the center lines of the opposing poles of the permanent magnets pass through the center of the rotation axis.

3. 2. The magnetic rotating device according to claim 1, wherein a support member that supports the permanent magnet group and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft is made of a non-magnetic material, and the rotating shaft is made of a magnetic material or a non-magnetic material.

4. 2. The magnetic rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the iron core is made of a silicon steel plate or an Fe-Si amorphous material.

5. 2. The magnetic rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined distance is equal to or less than 1.5 times the length of the permanent magnet in the direction of the rotation axis.

6. 2. The magnetic rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic rotating device is an electric motor.

7. 2. The magnetic rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic rotating device is a generator.

8. A first magnetic rotating device which is the magnetic rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A second magnetic rotating device having the same configuration as the first magnetic rotating device; Equipped with An electric motor, wherein the first magnetic rotating device and the second magnetic rotating device are connected to each other so as to rotate about the same rotation axis.

9. A first magnetic rotating device which is the magnetic rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A second magnetic rotating device having the same configuration as the first magnetic rotating device; Equipped with A generator, wherein the first magnetic rotating device and the second magnetic rotating device are connected to each other so as to rotate about the same rotation axis.

10. An electric motor which is a magnetic rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A generator which is a magnetic rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Equipped with A motor-generator, characterized in that the electric motor and the generator are connected to each other so as to rotate about the same rotation axis, and power is generated by the generator due to the rotation of the electric motor.

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