Transparent heating structure that transmits a communication frequency band

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention provides a transparent heat generating structure that transmits the 5G communication band, has high transmittance in the visible light band, and is capable of generating heat, and transmits the communication frequency band. Here, the structure includes a substrate and a pattern portion. The pattern portion is provided on the substrate, passes the communication frequency band, and generates heat. The pattern portion has a plurality of cells provided as a whole on the substrate, and each cell has a plurality of unit lattices in which a slot is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure, and more particularly, to a transparent heat-generating structure that transmits the 5G communication band, has a high transmittance in the visible light band, and can generate heat and transmit a communication frequency band.

Background Art

[0002] Recently, in addition to simply transporting materials and human power, vehicles generally include an audio device and a video device so that a driver can listen to music and view images while driving, and a navigation device that displays a route to a destination desired by the driver is also widely installed.

[0003] Recently, the technological shift from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles has occurred rapidly, and the need for vehicles to communicate with external devices or external vehicles is also increasing.

[0004] 5G communication technology with a maximum speed reaching 20 Gbps can realize virtual reality, autonomous driving, Internet of Things technology, etc. through ultra-low latency and ultra-connectivity, and attempts have been made to apply 5G communication technology to vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. As an example, OTA (Over The Air) technology through 5G ultra-high-speed communication has been in the spotlight.

[0005] However, when there are metal wires or transparent electrodes for heating glass for cloudiness or defrosting, there is a problem that 5G communication electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate.

Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transparent heat-generating structure that transmits the 5G communication band, has a high transmittance in the visible light band, and can generate heat and transmit a communication frequency band.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains from the following description.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate transparent to visible light, and a pattern portion provided on the substrate that passes through a communication frequency band and generates heat. The pattern portion has a plurality of cells provided as a whole on the substrate, and each of the cells has a plurality of unit cells in which slots are formed, and provides a transparent heat generating structure that transmits a communication frequency band.

[0009] The unit cell is formed in a square shape, and the length of one side of the unit cell corresponds to half the wavelength (2 / λ) of the incident communication frequency.

[0010] The pattern portion is formed of at least one of a metal, a transparent conductive oxide, a transparent conductive polymer, and a carbon structure having a graphite phase.

[0011] The plurality of unit cells are arranged apart from each other, and the adjacent unit cells arranged apart are connected to each other by a transparent electrode.

[0012] In order to ensure the visible light transmittance, the edge portion of the pattern portion is formed with a first density, and the central portion of the pattern portion is formed with a second density smaller than the first density.

[0013] For uniform heat generation, the edge portion of the pattern portion is formed with a first thickness, and the central portion of the pattern portion is formed with a second thickness thinner than the first thickness.

[0014] The pattern portion has a first pattern portion that passes through the communication frequency band and a second pattern portion that generates heat.

[0015] The first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are made of different substances from each other.

[0016] The first pattern portion is provided in a first region of the substrate, and the second pattern portion is provided in a second region of the substrate partitioned from the first region.

[0017] The cell is formed asymmetrically with respect to a virtual vertical axis perpendicular to the center of the cell.

[0018] The slot formed in any one of the plurality of unit cells has a smaller area than the slots formed in the remaining unit cells.

[0019] When the pattern portion is formed of an opaque material, in each of the cells, the area ratio of the slot is 70% or more.

Advantages of the Invention

[0020] According to the present invention, the pattern portion is formed to include cells formed asymmetrically with respect to a virtual vertical axis perpendicular to the center, and can have an average transmission performance of 90% or more in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz and a visible light transmission performance of 70% or more. Moreover, since the pattern portion can be heated to efficiently remove fog, frost, etc., it can be used as a vehicle window.

[0021] It should be understood that the effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and include all effects that can be inferred from the configuration of the invention described in the detailed description or claims of the present invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

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[0023] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be embodied in various other forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Also, in the drawings, parts not related to the description are omitted in order to clearly explain the present invention, and the same reference numerals are given to the same parts throughout the specification.

[0024] Throughout the specification, if a part is "connected (joined, contacted, coupled)" to another part, this includes not only the case where it is "directly connected", but also the case where other members are interposed in between and it is "indirectly connected". Also, if a part "includes" a certain component, this means that, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, it does not exclude other components, but can further include other components.

[0025] The terms used in this specification are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "including" or "having" are intended to specify the presence of the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and it should be understood that the presence or addition possibility of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded in advance.

[0026] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figures 1a and 1b are cross-sectional exemplary views showing a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the structure includes a substrate 100 and a pattern portion 200.

[0029] The substrate 100 is transparent to visible light. The substrate 100 is made of glass, PC (polycarbonate), CPI (colorless polyimide), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), etc. When the substrate 100 is applied to a vehicle, the substrate 100 is a glass substrate for a vehicle window.

[0030] The pattern portion 200 is provided on the substrate 100 as a whole. As shown in Fig. 1a, when the substrate 100 is provided as a single sheet, the pattern portion 200 is provided on the substrate 100. Also, as shown in Fig. 1b, when a plurality of substrates 100 are stacked and provided, the pattern portion 200 is provided between adjacent substrates 100.

[0031] The pattern portion 200 allows the communication frequency band to pass through, so that in a vehicle on which the structure is mounted, 5G ultra-high-speed communication can be stably performed.

[0032] Also, the pattern portion 200 generates heat, thereby efficiently removing fog, frost, etc. on the structure.

[0033] Hereinafter, the pattern portion will be described in detail.

[0034] Figs. 2a to 2d are plan exemplary views showing the pattern portion of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figs. 3a to 3d are graphs showing the transmittance performance of the pattern portion of Figs. 2a to 2d.

[0035] Figs. 2a to 2d are shown based on one cell 201, and the pattern portion 200 has a plurality of cells 201. The cells 201 are arranged in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, whereby the pattern portion 200 is provided on the substrate 100 as a whole (see Fig. 7).

[0036] First, referring to Fig. 2a, the cell 201 has a plurality of unit lattices 210a, 210b, 210c, 210d. The unit lattices 210a, 210b, 210c, 210d are arranged in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, and in one cell 201, the plurality of unit lattices 210a, 210b, 210c, 210d form a 2×2 type.

[0037] In addition, slots 220a, 220b, 220c, and 220d are formed in each of the unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d. The slots 220a, 220b, 220c, and 220d are portions that penetrate the corresponding unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d.

[0038] The pattern portion 200 is formed of at least one of a metal, a transparent conductive oxide, a transparent conductive polymer, and a carbon structure having a graphite phase. Here, the metal includes a metal thin film, silver nanowire, copper nanowire, etc. The transparent conductive oxide includes ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), AZO (Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide), FTO (Fluorine-doped Tin dioxide), etc. The carbon structure having a graphite phase includes graphene, CNT (Carbon Nano Tube), fullerene, etc.

[0039] The slots 220a, 220b, 220c, and 220d are open regions without being formed of the above-described materials.

[0040] Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, in the cell 201, the upper right side is referred to as the first quadrant plane, the upper left side is referred to as the second quadrant plane, the lower left side is referred to as the third quadrant plane, and the lower right side is referred to as the fourth quadrant plane.

[0041] The unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d are provided in regions corresponding to each quadrant plane. The unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d are formed of a square, and the length (L) of one side of the unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d corresponds to the half wavelength (λ / 2) of the incident communication frequency. Here, the incident communication frequency is in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz.

[0042] In addition, the slot 220a formed in the unit cell 210a provided on any one of the four quadrants has a smaller area than the slots 220b, 220c, and 220d formed in the unit cells 210b, 210c, and 210d provided on the remaining three quadrants.

[0043] As a result, the cell 201 is formed asymmetrically with respect to the virtual vertical axes (VL1, VL2) perpendicular to the center (C) of the cell 201.

[0044] Here, the unit cell 210a in which the relatively small-area slot 220a is formed is not limited to being located in a specific quadrant.

[0045] That is, Fig. 2b shows the state in which the cell 201 of Fig. 2a is rotated 90° counterclockwise about the center (C), Fig. 2c shows the state in which the cell 201 of Fig. 2b is rotated 90° counterclockwise about the center (C), and Fig. 2d shows the state in which the cell 201 of Fig. 2c is rotated 90° counterclockwise about the center (C). As shown in Figs. 2a to 2d, the unit cell 210a in which the relatively small-area slot 220a is formed is arranged without being limited to a specific quadrant.

[0046] Fig. 3a shows the transmittance of the cell 201 of Fig. 2a, Fig. 3b shows the transmittance of the cell of Fig. 2b, Fig. 3c shows the transmittance of the cell of Fig. 2c, and Fig. 3d shows the transmittance of the cell of Fig. 2d.

[0047] Referring to Figs. 2a and 2c and Figs. 3a and 3c, when the slot 220a extends in the y-axis direction, in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz, it can be seen that for the X polarization (Txx), more than 90% is transmitted, for the Y polarization (Tyy), more than 85% is transmitted, and the average of the X polarization (Txx) and the Y polarization (Tyy) is more than 90%.

[0048] Also, referring to FIGS. 2b and 2d and FIGS. 3b and 3d, when the slot 220a extends in the x-axis direction, in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz, for Y polarization (Tyy), more than 90% is transmitted, and for X polarization (Txx), more than 85% is transmitted, and it can be seen that the average of X polarization (Txx) and Y polarization (Tyy) is more than 90%.

[0049] That is, it can be seen that regardless of which quadrant the smallest slot 220a is located in, on average, more than 90% is transmitted in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz.

[0050] Also, the shape of the relatively small slot 220a is not specifically limited. FIGS. 4a and 4b show the pattern parts with different directions of the slits of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention and their transmittance performance. In FIG. 2a, the slot 220a of the unit cell 210a arranged in the first quadrant extends in the y-axis direction, while in FIG. 4a, the slot 220a of the unit cell 210a arranged in the first quadrant extends in the x-axis direction. Even in such a case, in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz, for Y polarization (Tyy), more than 90% is transmitted, and for X polarization (Txx), more than 85% is transmitted, and it can be seen that the average of X polarization (Txx) and Y polarization (Tyy) is more than 90%.

[0051] On the other hand, in the cell 201 of FIGS. 2a to 2d, the area ratio of the slot, that is, the aperture ratio, is 72.6%. However, when the aperture ratio increases, the transmittance performance improves.

[0052] FIGS. 5a and 5b show the pattern part with an increased aperture ratio of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention and its transmittance performance. The aperture ratio of the cell 201 in FIG. 5a is 81.6%.

[0053] As shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, when the width of the smallest slot 220a widens and the aperture ratio increases, in the 5G millimeter wave band of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz, for X polarization (Txx), more than 90% is transmitted, and for Y polarization (Tyy), more than 87% is transmitted, indicating that the average transmittance is improved.

[0054] It is desirable that the total aperture ratio of the pattern portion 200 of the cell 201 according to the present invention is 70% or more. Therefore, even when the cell 201 is formed of an opaque metal material, the pattern portion 200 can have a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, and thus can be used as a vehicle window.

[0055] FIGS. 6a and 6b are plan exemplary views for explaining a modification of the slit of the pattern portion of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 6a, the slot 220a with the relatively smallest size is not limited to the shape extending in the x-axis direction or the shape extending in the y-axis direction as described above, and can also be formed in a shape inclined by θ degrees. In this case, the difference between the X polarization and Y polarization values will decrease. In particular, when θ is 45°, the X polarization and Y polarization values are the same.

[0057] Also, the remaining slots 220b, 220c, 220d with relatively larger sizes can either be formed in the same shape and size (see FIG. 6a) or in different shapes and sizes from each other (see FIG. 6b).

[0058] FIG. 7 is a plan exemplary view showing an example of utilization of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of cells 201a, 201b, 201c, and 201d are arranged so that a plurality of them are adjacent to and connected to each other. Each of the cells 201a, 201b, 201c, and 201d is arranged such that all the slots 220a having the relatively smallest size form the same position (the first quadrant when referring to FIG. 7). In this case, with any one of the slots 220a as a reference, slots 210e having a relatively large opening degree are arranged around it, and can surround the slot 220a.

[0060] Further, when a plurality of cells 201a, 201b, 201c, and 201d are arranged so as to be connected to each other, when current is applied to at least any one of the cells, all the cells 201a, 201b, 201c, and 201d can generate heat.

[0061] FIG. 8 is a plan exemplary view showing another example of a pattern portion of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d are arranged at intervals from each other. Further, the pattern portion 200 further has a plurality of transparent electrodes 230a, 230b, 230c, and 230d, and the transparent electrodes connect the respective unit cells arranged at intervals to each other.

[0063] For this purpose, each of the transparent electrodes 230a, 230b, 230c, and 230d is provided in the space 240 between adjacent unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d, and as shown in the drawing, can be formed in a part of the space 240.

[0064] Since the plurality of unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d are arranged at intervals from each other, the transmittance of visible light is further improved. Further, when current is applied by connecting the unit cells 210a, 210b, 210c, and 210d by the transparent electrodes 230a, 230b, 230c, and 230d, heat can be generated.

[0065] FIG. 9 is a plan exemplary view showing still another example of the pattern portion of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 9, the pattern portion 200 is divided into an edge portion 251 and a central portion 252. Here, the edge portion 251 is a portion corresponding to the edge of the pattern portion 200, and the central portion 252 is a portion corresponding to the center of the pattern portion 200.

[0067] In the present invention, the aperture ratio of the pattern portion 200 is represented by the following formula (1), and the density of the pattern portion 200 is represented by the following formula (2).

[0068] Aperture ratio (%) = (width of slot / width of substrate) × 100 --- Formula (1)

[0069] Pattern portion density (%) = (area occupied by pattern portion / area of substrate) × 100 --- Formula (2)

[0070] Also, the edge portion 251 is formed with a first density, and the central portion 252 is formed with a second density smaller than the first density.

[0071] As described above, in the present invention, it is desirable that the total aperture ratio of the pattern portion 200 is 70% or more. However, when the material forming the pattern portion 200 uniformly covers the entire substrate 100 and is taken as 100%, the second density of the central portion 252 is 30% or less, and the first density of the edge portion 251 is more than 30%. That is, the density of the pattern portion 200 is such that the edge portion 251 is dense and the central portion 252 is sparse. Thereby, a relatively high visible light transmittance is ensured at the central portion of the structure, and when the structure is applied to a vehicle window, safety can be ensured.

[0072] Alternatively, the edge portion 251 is formed with a first thickness, and the central portion 252 is formed with a second thickness thinner than the first thickness. Thereby, more uniform heat generation is possible, and when the structure is applied to a vehicle window, safety can be ensured.

[0073] The edge portion 251 and the central portion 252 are not limited to a specific position, shape, or area, but are relative concepts to each other and are appropriately defined by the area, shape, etc. of the structure.

[0074] FIG. 10 is a plan exemplary view showing still another example of the pattern portion of the structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 10, the pattern portion 200 has a first pattern portion 200a and a second pattern portion 200b.

[0076] Further, the first pattern portion 200a is provided in the first region 261 of the substrate 100, and the second pattern portion 200b is provided in the second region 262 partitioned from the first region 261.

[0077] In the present embodiment, the first pattern portion 200a and the second pattern portion 200b have different functions respectively. That is, the first pattern portion 200a allows the communication frequency band to pass through, and the second pattern portion 200b generates heat.

[0078] Considering the case where the structure is applied to a vehicle window, the first region 261 is preferably the upper region of the structure, and thus the communication frequency band can be stably transmitted in the upper region of the structure.

[0079] Also, the second region 262 is the remaining region of the structure and is mainly the region where the field of view of vehicle occupants including the driver stays. Therefore, the second region 262 is a wider region than the first region 261, generates heat, and can efficiently remove fog, frost, etc., thereby ensuring the field of view.

[0080] The first pattern portion 200a and the second pattern portion 200b are made of different substances.

[0081] For example, when the transmittance in the communication frequency band is better when the pattern part is formed of a metal material than when the pattern part is formed of graphene or ITO, the first pattern part 200a is formed of a metal material, and the second pattern part 200b is formed of a transparent material such as graphene or ITO so that the visible light transmittance can be increased.

[0082] The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes, and those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains will understand that it can be easily deformed into other specific forms without changing the technical idea and essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all aspects and not limiting. For example, each component described as a single type can also be implemented dispersedly, and similarly, the components described as being dispersed can also be implemented in a combined form.

[0083] The scope of the present invention is represented by the claims described below, and it should be analyzed that all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts are included in the scope of the present invention. Industrial Applicability

[0084] The present invention relates to a structure, and more particularly, to a transparent heat-generating structure that transmits the 5G communication band, has a high transmittance in the visible light band, and can generate heat and transmits the communication frequency band.

Claims

1. A substrate transparent to visible light, and a pattern portion provided on the substrate, which passes through a communication frequency band and generates heat, wherein the pattern portion has a plurality of cells provided as a whole on the substrate, and each of the cells has a plurality of unit cells in which slots are formed, the plurality of unit cells are arranged spaced apart from each other, and adjacent unit cells arranged spaced apart are connected to each other by a transparent electrode, the transparent electrode is formed only in a space between adjacent unit cells arranged spaced apart, and a transparent heat generating structure that transmits a communication frequency band is provided.

2. The unit cell is formed in a square shape, and a length of one side of the unit cell corresponds to a half wavelength (λ / 2) of the incident communication frequency. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 1, which transmits a communication frequency band.

3. The pattern portion is formed of at least one of a metal, a transparent conductive oxide, a transparent conductive polymer, and a carbon structure having a graphite phase. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 1, which transmits a communication frequency band.

4. An edge portion of the pattern portion is formed with a first density, and a central portion of the pattern portion is formed with a second density smaller than the first density. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 1, which transmits a communication frequency band.

5. An edge portion of the pattern portion is formed with a first thickness, and a central portion of the pattern portion is formed with a second thickness thinner than the first thickness. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 1, which transmits a communication frequency band.

6. The pattern portion has a first pattern portion that passes through the communication frequency band, and a second pattern portion that generates heat. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 1, which transmits a communication frequency band.

7. The first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are made of different substances. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 6, which transmits a communication frequency band.

8. The first pattern portion is provided in a first region of the substrate, and the second pattern portion is provided in a second region of the substrate partitioned from the first region. The transparent heat generating structure according to claim 7, which transmits a communication frequency band.

9. The transparent heating structure that transmits the communication frequency band according to claim 1, wherein the cell is formed asymmetrically with respect to a virtual vertical axis that is perpendicular to the center of the cell.

10. The transparent heating structure that transmits the communication frequency band according to claim 1, wherein a slot formed in any one of the plurality of unit cells has a smaller area than slots formed in the remaining unit cells.

11. When the pattern portion is formed of an opaque material, in each of the cells, the area ratio of the slot is 70% or more, and the transparent heating structure transmits the communication frequency band according to claim 1.

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