Prefabricated utility pole, construction method, and replacement method

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a utility pole and a pole construction method therefor with which it is possible to promote the simplification and efficiency of work for new construction and replacement, and shorten the work time.　An anchor has a larger diameter and a higher ground support force than a utility pole body on the ground. Therefore, a hole for constructing the present ready-to-assemble utility pole on the ground can be shallower than a hole with which a conventional utility pole is constructed on the ground. Due to the shallow hole, it is possible to reduce the time for digging, and lower the probability of contact with a buried object, which can reduce the work of buried object checking. In addition, since the present ready-to-assemble utility pole comprises a plurality of parts, only a deteriorated portion needs to be replaced, which can reduce the replacement work. Furthermore, since the present ready-to-assemble utility pole comprises a plurality of parts, every single part is smaller than the conventional utility pole, which can lead to work simplification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an assembled utility pole, a method for installing the utility pole, and a method for replacing the installed utility pole.

Background Art

[0002] A utility pole is shown in FIG. 1. Utility poles are laid in large quantities throughout the country to route communication cables and power cables at high altitudes. They are shared by users for telephone and electricity, and are recognized as a social infrastructure.

[0003] FIG. 2 shows an end view of a utility pole. It can be seen that the utility pole is composed of concrete and steel wires. The utility pole is heavy because its components are concrete and steel wires (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] A general method for installing a utility pole is shown in FIG. 3. Manual excavation process: In order to prevent buried object damage accidents, manual excavation is carried out in sections where there is a high possibility of buried objects of other companies. (1) Slightly dig the surface layer with a scoop or the like (dig an exploratory hole). (2) Manually insert a probe rod into the dug hole to check whether there are buried objects in the excavation direction (judge by whether something contacts the tip of the rod). (3) Further dig with a scoop up to the range explored with the probe rod. (4) Repeat steps (2) and (3) above until the excavation depth reaches about 1.5 m. Excavation process by heavy machinery: (5) When there are no buried objects, from a depth of 1.5 m or more of the exploratory hole excavation, mechanically excavate the building hole from the excavation depth to the target depth with an earth auger of a hole-digging and building utility pole vehicle. Lifting and building-in process: (6) Lift the utility pole with a crane and build it into the excavated building hole. At this time, since it is dangerous if the utility pole sways when lifted, it is necessary to prevent the sway of the utility pole with a rope or the like. Vertical adjustment and backfilling process: (7) Hold the utility pole with a crane and adjust it to be perpendicular to the ground. (8) After confirming the verticality of the utility pole, backfill the construction hole with earth and sand for backfilling. (9) After completion of backfilling, compact the ground with a roller or the like for compaction.

[0005] As shown in FIG. 3, a general method for erecting a utility pole is to first dig the ground to erect the utility pole. The total length of the utility pole is generally about 8.0 m to 9.0 m for attaching only communication lines and about 14.0 to 18.0 m for attaching both communication lines and power lines. In order to stably erect the utility pole, it is required to insert about 1.5 m to 3.0 m, which is 1 / 6 of the length of the utility pole, into the ground. That is, a hole of 1.5 m to 3.0 m needs to be dug. Since there is a high probability that buried pipes of social infrastructure facilities such as electricity, gas, and water supply exist about 1.5 m from the ground surface, manual excavation is carried out so as not to damage them. After the hole is dug to the target depth, the utility pole is lifted by a crane and people, lifting the heavy utility pole and putting it into the hole to erect the utility pole.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0006]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] [First Problem] Under the ground, a large number of power cables, water pipes, gas pipes, etc., which are social infrastructure facilities, are buried. When erecting utility poles, since it is necessary to dig to a depth of 1.5 m to 3.0 m, it may hit buried objects such as power cables. Hitting means destroying the buried object, so this is not allowed. This is because it will affect users over a wide area. Therefore, it is very important to confirm that there are no buried objects. The method of confirming buried objects is to dig a small hole and repeatedly have workers use a probing rod, etc. to confirm, and a primitive method is being adopted. That is, for the work of erecting utility poles, there is a first problem that a lot of man-hours are required for the process of confirming buried objects, and it is difficult to reduce this.

[0008] [Second Problem] After the utility pole is installed, the materials deteriorate over time. The loads generated by the cables attached to the utility pole and the transformers installed on the utility pole are ideally in a balanced state, but in reality, the loads caused by wind pressure, etc. are generated unevenly. Therefore, if the utility pole is in a deteriorated state, the strength will decrease and it may break. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the deteriorated utility pole with a new one.

[0009] A general replacement work method is shown in FIG. 4. Excavation process: (1) Excavate the construction hole for the new utility pole near the utility pole to be replaced. This excavation process is the same as the manual excavation process and the excavation process using a heavy machine described in FIG. 3. New pole erection, vertical adjustment, and backfilling process: (2) In the same procedure as the lifting and erection process and the vertical adjustment and backfilling process in FIG. 3, erect a new utility pole near the utility pole to be replaced and backfill the construction hole. Cable relocation process: (3) Use an aerial work platform, etc. to relocate the existing cables to the new utility pole. Removal process of the pole to be replaced: (4) Excavate the ground level of the utility pole to be replaced, lift it with a crane or the like, and remove it. At this time, since it is dangerous if the utility pole swings when lifted, it is necessary to prevent swinging with a rope or the like. (5) Fill the hole after removal with earth and sand and backfill it. (6) After completion of backfilling, compact the ground with a roller or the like and perform compaction. (7) When the landowner or the like requests replacement at the same position as the utility pole to be replaced, after completion of operation (5), repeat the steps of operations (1) to (6) again and perform replacement at the original position.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 4, a general method for replacing a utility pole shows a series of procedures of first erecting a new utility pole beside the utility pole to be replaced, transferring the cable to the newly erected utility pole, and removing the utility pole to be replaced. Also, depending on the landowner, there may be cases where a change in position during utility pole replacement is not allowed. In that case, after completion of replacement to the new utility pole according to the above procedure, a new utility pole is erected again at the same position as the utility pole to be replaced, the cable is transferred, and the nearby utility poles are removed, and a repeated procedure is required. That is, there is a second problem that a large number of man-hours are also required for the utility pole replacement work and it is difficult to reduce this.

[0011] [Third Problem] For the above-described utility pole erection work and replacement work, not only a large number of man-hours but also a large number of workers are required. If the necessary workers cannot be secured, it is difficult to perform the above-described utility pole erection work and replacement work. That is, there is a third problem that it is difficult to perform the utility pole erection work and replacement work with a small number of workers.

[0012] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated utility pole, a method for erecting the same, and a method for replacing the same that can simplify and streamline the work during new installation and replacement, and can shorten the work time. [Means for Solving the Problems]

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the prefabricated utility pole according to the present invention is a utility pole composed of a plurality of members stacked in the height direction, and a mechanism for excavating the ground is provided in the lowermost member buried in the ground.

[0014] Specifically, the prefabricated utility pole according to the present invention includes a cylinder and an anchor having a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter larger than that of the cylinder, and having a hole into which one end of the cylinder fits. When one end of the cylinder is fitted into the hole of the anchor, the cylinder and the anchor are coaxial.

[0015] Further, the method for constructing a building column according to the present invention includes a step of burying an anchor having a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter larger than that of the cylinder in the ground so that one end of the bottom surface of the substantially cylindrical shape substantially coincides with the ground surface, and a step of fitting one end of the cylinder into the hole of the anchor to make the cylinder and the anchor coaxial.

[0016] The diameter of the anchor is larger than that of the utility pole body on the ground, and the ground support force is high. Therefore, the hole for installing the present prefabricated utility pole on the ground can be shallower than the hole for installing a conventional utility pole on the ground. Since the depth of the hole is shallow, the digging time can be reduced, the probability of hitting buried objects can be reduced, and the buried object confirmation work can be reduced. In addition, since the present prefabricated utility pole is composed of a plurality of parts, only the deteriorated part needs to be replaced, and the replacement work can also be shortened. Furthermore, since the present prefabricated utility pole is composed of a plurality of parts, each part is smaller than a conventional utility pole, and the work can be simplified.

[0017] Therefore, the present invention can provide a utility pole and a method for constructing the same that can simplify and streamline the work during new installation and replacement, and can shorten the work time.

[0018] The anchor of the prefabricated utility pole according to the present invention is characterized in that it has an earth auger on its surface. In the step of burying the anchor of the building column method according to the present invention in the ground, the anchor is rotated in the axial direction, and the ground is dug forward with an earth auger installed on the surface of the anchor. By simply rotating the earth auger, the pre-drilled hole can be expanded, and the anchor will be buried in the ground. Therefore, backfilling and rolling are not required.

[0019] The cylindrical column of the prefabricated utility pole according to the present invention is characterized in that it can be divided into at least two parts in the longitudinal direction. When the cylindrical column of the building column method according to the present invention is divided into two or more parts in the longitudinal direction, after the step of fitting one end of the cylindrical column into the hole, a step of stacking other cylindrical columns divided at the other end of the cylindrical column is performed. Only a part of the utility pole can be replaced.

[0020] The prefabricated utility pole according to the present invention further includes a lock member for filling the gap between the cylindrical column and the hole, which occurs when one end of the cylindrical column is fitted into the hole of the anchor. By selecting the type of spacer, utility poles (cylindrical columns) of various diameters can be built.

[0021] The replacement method of the prefabricated utility pole according to the present invention A cylindrical column that can be divided into two or more parts in the longitudinal direction, An anchor that is a substantially cylindrical object having a diameter larger than the diameter of the cylindrical column and is buried in the ground so that one end of the bottom surface of the substantially cylindrical object substantially coincides with the ground surface, A method for replacing a prefabricated utility pole in which one end of the cylindrical column is fitted into a hole of the anchor that is coaxial with the cylindrical column, The step of dividing the cylindrical column, The step of lifting the upper part of the divided cylindrical column, The step of removing the lower part of the divided cylindrical column from the anchor, The step of fitting one end of the lower part of a new cylindrical column into the hole of the anchor, and The step of connecting one end of the upper part of the cylindrical column being lifted to the other end of the lower part of the new cylindrical column Perform it. By making only some of the parts of the prefabricated utility pole replaceable, the replacement work can be simplified.

[0022] In addition, the above inventions can be combined as much as possible.

Effect of the Invention

[0023] The present invention can provide a utility pole and a method for installing the same that can simplify and streamline the work during new installation and replacement, and can shorten the working time.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Embodiment for Carrying Out the Invention

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the present specification and drawings, components with the same reference numerals indicate the same components as each other.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the prefabricated utility pole of the present embodiment. This prefabricated utility pole includes a cylinder 11 and an anchor 12 which is a substantially cylindrical object having a diameter larger than that of the cylinder 11 and having a hole 12a into which one end of the cylinder 11 fits, and is characterized in that when one end of the cylinder 11 is fitted into the hole 12a of the anchor 12, the cylinder 11 and the anchor 12 are coaxial. Here, the cylinder 11 can be divided into at least two parts (part 11-1 and part 11-2) in the longitudinal direction. Further, the anchor 12 has an earth auger 12b on its surface.

[0027] Here, the cylinder 11 can be divided into at least two parts (part 11-1 and part 11-2) in the longitudinal direction. Further, the anchor 12 has an earth auger 12b on its surface. Furthermore, this prefabricated utility pole includes a lock member 13 for filling the gap between the cylinder 11 and the hole 12a that occurs when one end of the cylinder 11 is fitted into the hole 12a of the anchor 12.

[0028] As in the example of FIG. 5, this prefabricated utility pole is composed of four structures. Since a general utility pole is a single cylindrical structure, its structure is very different from that of this prefabricated utility pole. Each structure will be described.

[0029] The anchor 12 is a structure to be buried in the ground. The anchor 12 has a plurality of blades (earth augers) 12b on its surface. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the function of the anchor 12. The anchor 12 rotates to excavate the soil on the ground by the earth auger 12b, and the entire anchor 12 sinks into the ground. That is, this anchor 12 can be buried in the ground.

[0030] The anchor 12 has a hole 12a provided in advance at the central part. The hole 12a is a hole for inserting the cylinder 11. FIG. 7 is a view when a part 11-2, which is the lower part of the cylinder 11, is inserted into the anchor 12 buried in the ground. After the anchor 12 is buried in the ground, by inserting one end of the part 11-2 into the hole 12a, the part 11-2 can be made to stand perpendicular to the ground.

[0031] Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the locking member 13 is passed through the other end (opposite to the anchor side) of the part 11-2 and fitted into the gap between the hole 12a and the part 11-2 to fix the anchor 12 and the part 11-2. FIG. 8 is a two-view drawing for explaining the locking member 13. (A) is a top view and (B) is a side view. The locking member 13 has a hole 13a for passing through the part 11-2. The hole 13a has a diameter corresponding to the type (diameter) of the utility pole. Further, the locking member 13 has a spacer 13b for filling the gap between the part 11-2 and the hole 12a of the anchor 12. The spacer 13b has a size corresponding to the type (diameter) of the utility pole.

[0032] A convex portion 11a is provided at the other end (opposite to the anchor side) of the part 11-2. Also, a concave portion 11b that fits with the convex portion 11a is provided at one end (anchor side) of the part 11-1. The part 11-2 and the part 11-1 are connected by fitting the convex portion 11a and the concave portion 11b together. By doing so, as shown in FIG. 5, the cylinder 11 can be made to stand vertically in the vertical direction of the anchor 12. This cylinder 11 becomes a utility pole, and a communication cable or a power cable is strung across this utility pole.

[0033] [Effects obtained] It will be explained that the above-described assembled utility pole can solve the above-mentioned three problems.

[0034] (Solution to Problem 1) The anchor 12 has a structure with a larger diameter and a larger lateral dimension compared to the embedding part of a conventional utility pole. Therefore, due to the high ground support force, there is an advantage that the distance (depth) of digging a hole becomes shorter than before. That is, the depth of digging the hole is reduced. Even if it is done while visually inspecting, since the digging distance is reduced, this prefabricated utility pole can shorten the working time of the confirmation process of the buried object.

[0035] (Solution to Problem 2) As the material of the utility pole, concrete and steel are the mainstream. Since the main cause of deterioration is corrosion due to reaction with moisture and oxygen in both cases, the majority of the occurrence sites are at the ground level, which is the boundary between the underground and the above-ground of the utility pole. However, in the case of a conventional utility pole, if deterioration occurs in the utility pole, the entire utility pole has to be replaced.

[0036] On the other hand, for the replacement method of this prefabricated utility pole, only the deteriorated part can be replaced. Fig. 9 is a diagram for explaining the replacement method of this prefabricated utility pole. This replacement method is the step S01 of dividing the cylinder 11, the step S02 of lifting the upper part 11-1 of the divided cylinder 11, the step S03 of removing the lower part 11-2 of the divided cylinder 11 from the anchor 12, the step S04 of fitting one end of the lower part 11-2a of a new cylinder into the hole 12a of the anchor 12, and the step S05 of connecting one end of the upper part 11-1 of the cylinder being lifted to the other end of the lower part 11-2a of the new cylinder are carried out. In Fig. 9, the "lifting process of the upper part of the utility pole and the cable" corresponds to steps S01 and S02, the "lower part replacement process of the utility pole" corresponds to steps S03 and S04, the "connection process between the lower part and the upper part of the utility pole" corresponds to step S05.

[0037] In the conventional method described with reference to FIG. 4, the entire utility pole is replaced. At this time, since the work of handling the utility pole and the work of handling the cable differ in the heavy equipment used and the skills required of the workers, it is generally not possible to perform them in the same work team. Therefore, at least three days of work are required for the work of erecting the utility pole (utility pole work team: 1 day), the work of relocating the cable (cable work team: 1 day), and the work of removing the pole to be replaced (utility pole work team: 1 day). Further, if the landowner requests replacement at the original location, after the above process is completed, it is necessary to perform the work of erecting the utility pole at the original location again, relocating the cable, and removing the utility pole, so double the number of required days is needed.

[0038] On the other hand, in this replacement method, only the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole and the locking member 13, which are expected to deteriorate, are replaced. The upper part 11-1 of the utility pole and the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole have a fitting structure. Therefore, the upper part 11-1 of the utility pole and the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole can be separated by lifting the upper part 11-1 of the utility pole and the cable attached thereto with a crane.

[0039] Further, the anchor 12 and the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole also have a fitting structure. Therefore, while the upper part 11-1 of the utility pole is being lifted, the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole can be replaced with a new lower part 11-2a of the utility pole without excavation work. When the replacement of the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole and the locking member 13 is completed, the replacement work is completed by fitting the lifted upper part 11-1 of the utility pole into the new lower part 11-2a of the utility pole.

[0040] By this replacement method, the number of working days, which was required to be up to six days at most, can be shortened to one day. Further, since no cable work occurs, the work can be completed by only the utility pole work team. Furthermore, it is not necessary to perform excavation work along with the replacement work. Therefore, the working time can also be reduced. Furthermore, since partial replacement is possible, the amount of building materials used can also be reduced, which is efficient and has a small environmental burden.

[0041] (Solution to Problem 3) FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the method of erecting this assembled utility pole. This method of erecting a utility pole is Step S11 of burying an anchor 12 in a substantially columnar shape having a diameter larger than the diameter of the cylinder 11 in the ground so that one end of the bottom surface of the substantially columnar shape substantially coincides with the ground surface, and Step S12 of fitting one end of the cylinder 11 (the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole) into an anchor hole 12a that makes the cylinder 11 and the anchor 12 coaxial; Step S13 of stacking another cylinder 11 (the upper part 11-1 of the utility pole) divided at the other end of the cylinder 11 (the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole). It has. Here, in the present building column method, in step S11 of burying the anchor 12 in the ground, the anchor 12 is rotated in the axial direction, and the ground is dug forward with an earth auger installed on the surface of the anchor 12. In FIG. 10, The "excavation (mechanical / manual) and anchor installation process" is in step S11, The "lifting process" and the "locking member installation process" are in step S12, The "installation process of the upper part of the utility pole" corresponds to step S13.

[0042] The length of the utility pole is about 8.0 to 18 m, and it is put into the hole and erected by a crane and by hand. In the conventional method shown in FIG. 3, the hole is dug manually up to about 1.5 m, and the hole is dug using a crane after 1.5 m. Then, a utility pole about 8.0 to 18 m long is lifted and erected into the excavation hole. At this time, since the utility pole is very long, it is required to carefully handle it so as not to contact obstacles existing in the working environment such as surrounding buildings, utility poles, guardrails, etc. In some cases, it is necessary to move to the excavation hole along a complicated route to avoid obstacles. After the erection, since the inside of the excavation hole is not leveled, the utility pole is supported by the tip of the crane etc., and adjustment is made so that the angle becomes perpendicular as much as possible. This work requires delicate work with a crane etc., so the difficulty level is high. After the vertical adjustment is completed, the gap in the excavation hole is filled with earth and sand and backfilled, and the column erection work is completed by compacting with a roller etc.

[0043] In this pole erection method, first, the operation of digging holes (excavation process) is the same as the conventional method. However, the anchor 12 has a structure that is larger (thicker) in the horizontal direction compared to the embedding part of the conventional utility pole. Since the ground supporting force is high, the distance (depth) of digging the hole is shorter than the conventional method. Therefore, the working time can be shortened. Especially for utility poles about 8.0 to 9.0 m that only attach communication lines, in the conventional method, it is required to bury about 1.5 m, which is 1 / 6 of the pole length, underground. On the other hand, in this pole erection method, since the distance (depth) of digging the hole is shortened by the anchor 12, the amount of manual digging work can be reduced, which is efficient.

[0044] After the excavation is completed to the target depth, the anchor installation process is carried out. The anchor 12 is attached to the tip of the hole-digging pole erection vehicle and installed by embedding it as the earth auger rotates. At this time, in the form of driving a screw into a tree, the anchor 12 enters the ground in the form of expanding the previously dug hole, so backfilling and rolling are not required.

[0045] After that, a lifting process is carried out to lift the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole with a crane or the like and fit it into the anchor 12. The lower part 11-2 of the utility pole is shorter than the conventional utility pole. Therefore, the risk of contact with obstacles is low, and since it is easy to handle, it can be moved to the target position along a relatively simple path.

[0046] In the process of erecting the conventional utility pole on the ground, since the excavation hole is not leveled, delicate vertical adjustment is required. On the other hand, in this pole erection method, since the hole 12a of the anchor 12 has a structure for fitting the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole, vertical adjustment is not required when fitting the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole into the anchor 12.

[0047] Even in the subsequent process of attaching the upper part of the utility pole, the pole erection work is completed simply by fitting the end of the upper part 11-1 of the utility pole into the upper end of the lower part 11-2 of the utility pole.

[0048] Therefore, this pole erection method can reduce the amount of excavation work, reduce backfilling and rolling work, improve the handling performance of the utility pole, and reduce vertical adjustment work, making the work efficient.

Explanation of Symbols

[0049] 11: Utility Pole 11-1: Upper Part of Utility Pole 11-2: Lower Part of Utility Pole 12: Anchor 12a: Hole 13: Locking Member 13a: Hole 13b: Spacer

Claims

1. A cylinder, an approximately columnar object having a diameter larger than the diameter of the cylinder, an anchor having a hole in one of the bottom surfaces of the approximately columnar object into which one end of the cylinder fits, and a lock member for fixing the cylinder and the anchor on one of the bottom surfaces of the anchor. The cylinder and the anchor with one end fitted into the hole of the anchor are coaxial, and The lock member has a diameter larger than the diameter of the cylinder and smaller than the diameter of the approximately columnar object, a hole through which the cylinder passes is formed, an annular portion that contacts one of the bottom surfaces of the anchor in a state where the cylinder passes through the hole and is fitted into the hole of the anchor, and a spacer formed around the hole of the annular portion for filling a gap between the portion of the cylinder fitted into the hole of the anchor and the hole. A prefabricated utility pole, characterized by the above.

2. The prefabricated utility pole according to claim 1, wherein the anchor has a ground auger on its surface.

3. The prefabricated utility pole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylinder can be divided into at least two parts in the longitudinal direction.

4. A step of burying an anchor of an approximately columnar object having a diameter larger than the diameter of the cylinder in the ground so that one of the bottom surfaces of the approximately columnar object substantially coincides with the ground surface, A step of fitting one end of the cylinder into the hole of the anchor to make the cylinder and the anchor coaxial, and A step of fixing the anchor and the cylinder with a lock member A method of erecting a pole, comprising: The lock member has a diameter larger than the diameter of the cylinder and smaller than the diameter of the approximately columnar object, a hole through which the cylinder passes is formed, an annular portion that contacts one of the bottom surfaces of the anchor in a state where the cylinder passes through the hole and is fitted into the hole of the anchor, and a spacer formed around the hole of the annular portion for filling a gap between the portion of the cylinder fitted into the hole of the anchor and the hole. The step of fixing the anchor and the cylinder is: a step of inserting the lock member through the hole of the annular portion from the other end of the cylinder, and fitting the spacer into the gap between the portion of the cylinder fitted in the hole of the anchor and the hole until the annular portion contacts one of the bottom surfaces of the anchor. A building column method characterized by the above.

5. In the step of burying the anchor in the ground, the building column method according to claim 4, characterized in that the anchor is rotated in the axial direction, and the ground is dug forward with an earth auger installed on the surface of the anchor.

6. The building column method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cylinder is divided into two or more in the longitudinal direction, and after the step of fitting one end of the cylinder into the hole, a step of stacking other cylinders divided at the other end of the cylinder is performed.

Images