Negative electrode structure applied to an aluminum battery

Abstract

To provide a negative electrode structure applicable to an aluminum battery that improves the performance of the aluminum battery in terms of capacity degradation rate and facilitates scale-up of production.SOLUTION: A negative electrode structure 110 applied to an aluminum battery 100 includes a porous material layer 111 and a metal plating layer 112. The metal plating layer is located on the porous material layer to reduce the capacity degradation rate of the aluminum battery to less than 5% per cycle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a negative electrode structure applied to an aluminum battery. [Background technology]

[0002] Aluminum batteries as electrochemical energy storage members have the advantages of good safety and low cost. Furthermore, the capacity degradation rate of aluminum batteries is affected by the rate of aluminum dissolution reaction in the negative electrode, and the rate of aluminum dissolution reaction is closely related to the negative electrode structure. Therefore, how to design a more preferable negative electrode structure that improves the performance of aluminum batteries in terms of capacity degradation rate is an issue. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The present invention provides a negative electrode structure applied to aluminum batteries, which improves the performance of aluminum batteries in terms of capacity degradation rate and facilitates scale-up of production. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The negative electrode structure applied to the aluminum battery of the present invention includes a porous material layer and a metal plating layer, the metal plating layer being located on the porous material layer, so that the capacity degradation rate of the aluminum battery is less than 5% per cycle.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the metal plating layer on the porous material layer is 2 mg / cm 2 Greater than.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the metal plating layer on the porous material layer is 100 mg / cm 2 is less than.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific surface area of the porous material layer is 100 m 2 / g~3000m 2It is between / g.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the porous material layer includes activated carbon, natural graphite, artificial graphite, graphene, carbon black, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesophase-based graphite carbon microspheres, or a combination thereof.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal plating layer is an aluminum metal plating layer.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal plating layer is plated on the porous material layer with an ionic liquid.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid includes an aluminum salt-based ionic liquid.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal plating layer is located between the positive electrode structure of the aluminum battery and the porous material layer.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode structure includes an interlayer material.

Advantages of the Invention

[0014] Based on the above, the negative electrode structure of the present invention applied to an aluminum battery can increase the number of reaction fields on the surface of the negative electrode structure by using a composite electrode design of a porous material layer and a metal plating layer. As a result, the performance of the aluminum battery is improved in terms of the capacity degradation rate (less than 5% per cycle), and it is easy to scale up production.

[0015] To make the above-described features and advantages of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, embodiments are shown below and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016]

Figure 1A

Figure 1B

Figure 2

Figure 3

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. However, these embodiments are illustrative, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention is defined by the scope of the claims.

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. In the drawings, for clarity, the sizes and thicknesses of various regions, parts, and layers may not be illustrated to actual scale. For ease of understanding, the same reference numerals will be used to describe the same elements in the following description.

[0019] The terms related to directions used herein (e.g., up, down, right, left, front, back, top, bottom) are shown only for reference and are not intended to imply absolute directions.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

[0021] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a negative electrode structure applied to an aluminum battery according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a data diagram of the capacity deterioration rate of metal plating layers with different weights on a porous material layer. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the manufacture of a negative electrode structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the test of a negative electrode structure applied to an aluminum battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Referring to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2, and 3, in the present embodiment, the negative electrode structure 110 applied to the aluminum battery 100 includes a porous material layer 111 and a metal plating layer 112. The metal plating layer 112 is located on the porous material layer 111, and the capacity deterioration rate of the aluminum battery is less than 5% per cycle. Therefore, the negative electrode structure 110 applied to the aluminum battery 100 of the present embodiment can increase the number of reaction fields on the surface of the negative electrode structure 110 by using the composite electrode design of the porous material layer 111 and the metal plating layer 112, thereby improving the performance of the aluminum battery 100 (less than 5% per cycle) in terms of the capacity deterioration rate and facilitating the scale-up of production.

[0023] In some embodiments, the porous material layer 111 may be a high specific surface area material. The specific surface area of the porous material layer 111 is, for example, between 100 m 2 / g and 3000 m 2 / g. Since the porous material layer 111 has characteristics such as a pore structure and a high specific surface area, and the metal plating layer 112 is coated on the porous material layer 111, the active material can perform redox electrochemical reactions more efficiently, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0024] In some embodiments, the material of the porous material layer 111 includes activated carbon, natural graphite, artificial graphite, graphene, carbon black, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesophase-based graphite carbon microspheres, or a combination thereof, and the metal plating layer 112 is an aluminum metal plating layer, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Other suitable non-carbon-based pore materials may be used for the porous material layer 111.

[0025] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the metal plating layer 112 may be plated on the porous material layer 111 by the ionic liquid 103. Further, when the metal plating layer 112 is an aluminum metal plating layer, the ionic liquid 103 may contain an aluminum salt ionic liquid. When the current A flows into the porous material layer 111, Equation (1): 4Al2Cl7 - +3e - →Al+7AlCl4 - Through the reaction of, the ion 10 (Al2Cl7 - ) is converted into the ion 20 (AlCl4 - ), and a uniform aluminum metal plating layer is plated on the porous material layer 111 by the aluminum salt ionic liquid. Here, in order to plate aluminum metal on the porous material layer 111, the porous material layer 111 may be provided at the cathode of the electroplating device, and the aluminum foil 101 may be provided at the anode of the electroplating device, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0026] In some embodiments, the metal plating layer 112 may be located between the positive electrode structure 120 of the aluminum battery 100 and the porous material layer 111, and the electrolyte 130 is provided between the positive electrode structure 120 and the negative electrode structure 110. The positive electrode structure 120 and the electrolyte 130 may be selected according to actual design requirements and are not limited by the present invention.

[0027] In some embodiments, the weight of the metal plating layer 112 on the porous material layer 111 is heavier than 2 mg / cm 2 and the weight of the metal plating layer 112 on the porous material layer 111 is less than 100 mg / cm 2 . For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the metal plating layer 112 is an aluminum metal plating layer and the amount of aluminum plating is 0 mg / cm 2 (that is, the metal plating layer 112 is not formed), the capacity degradation rate of the aluminum battery is 5% per cycle, and the amount of aluminum plating is 4.27 mg / cm 2When it is, the capacity degradation rate of the aluminum battery is 1% per cycle (less than 5% per cycle). The amount of aluminum plating is 8.54 mg / cm 2 and 14.93 mg / cm 2 When it is, the capacity degradation rate of the aluminum battery is 0% per cycle (less than 5% per cycle). That is, the degree of improvement in the capacity degradation rate is positively correlated with the weight of the metal plating layer 112 on the porous material layer 111.

[0028] Here, the positive electrode structure of the aluminum battery in FIG. 1B uses a graphite structure, the electrolyte uses a chloroaluminate ionic liquid, and the other un-described compositions and specifications should be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the content included in the spirit and scope of the appended claims. In addition, the experimental data in FIG. 1B are obtained by the test apparatus in FIG. 3. The test apparatus in FIG. 3 may fix the intervals between the negative electrode structure 110, the positive electrode structure 120, and the electrolyte 130 of the aluminum battery 100 by a fixing member 102 (for example, a slide glass) for performing a test, and may fix the positions of the negative electrode structure 110 and the positive electrode structure 120.

[0029] In some embodiments, when the positive electrode structure 120 is an interlayer material, the electrolyte 130 is aluminum halide and imidazole chloride salt, and the metal plating layer 112 is an aluminum metal plating layer, a large amount of aluminum dissolution reaction occurs on the surface of the negative electrode structure 110 during the discharge cycle. Metal M is ion 20 (AlCl4 - →4Al2Cl7 - +3e - by the reaction of to form ion 10 (Al2Cl7 - ) -) is converted, and for this reason, only a carbon-based material is used as the negative electrode of the aluminum battery, there is no aluminum source on the surface, and the problem of capacity degradation caused by the slow aluminum dissolution reaction and incomplete interlayer delamination of the positive electrode active material can be significantly improved. That is, by using the composite electrode design of the porous material layer 111 and the metal plating layer 112 with a high specific surface area, the amount of aluminum dissolution in the negative electrode structure 110 increases, and the ions 20 (AlCl4 - ) react to form ions 10 (Al2Cl7 - ). As a result, the ions 20 (AlCl4 - ) in the interlayer spacing of the positive electrode structure 120 are peeled off and do not substantially remain in the interlayer spacing. Thus, when the aluminum dissolution rate is less than the peeling rate of the positive electrode, an excessive amount of active material remains in the interlayer spacing, affecting the number of active materials intervening in the positive electrode during the next charging cycle and the problem of gradually decaying electricity is improved. That is, the number of active materials intervening during subsequent charge-discharge cycles is maintained without change, thereby effectively improving capacity degradation.

[0030] In summary, the negative electrode structure applied to the aluminum battery of the present invention can increase the number of reaction fields on the surface of the negative electrode structure by using the composite electrode design of the porous material layer and the metal plating layer, thereby improving the performance of the aluminum battery in terms of the capacity degradation rate (less than 5% per cycle) and facilitating the scale-up of production.

[0031] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments above, these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Industrial Applicability

[0032] The negative electrode structure of the present invention can be applied to an aluminum battery.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0033] 10, 20: Ion 101: Aluminum foil 102: Fixing member 103: Ionic liquid 100: Aluminum battery 110: Negative electrode structure 111: Porous material layer 112: Metal plating layer 120: Positive electrode structure 130: Electrolyte A: Electric current M: Metal

Claims

1. A negative electrode structure applicable to an aluminum battery, comprising: a porous material layer; and a metal plating layer located on the porous material layer, wherein the material of the porous material layer includes activated carbon, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, soft carbon, hard carbon, mesophase-based graphite carbon microspheres, or a combination thereof; the metal plating layer is an aluminum metal plating layer, and the weight of the metal plating layer on the porous material layer is greater than 2 mg / cm2 and less than 100 mg / cm2. A negative electrode structure.

2. The specific surface area of the porous material layer is between 100 m ２ / g and 3000 m ２ / g. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1.

3. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the metal plating layer is located between the positive electrode structure of the aluminum battery and the porous material layer.

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