Laser - Ultrasonic Synchronous Assisted Machining System

Abstract

The present invention provides a laser-ultrasonic synchronous auxiliary cutting system, which is composed of an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system, a laser auxiliary cutting system, and a light-guiding diamond tool. The transducer outputs ultrasonic longitudinal vibration, and the irregular horn converts the longitudinal vibration output from the transducer into longitudinal and flexural complex vibration, forming an ultrasonic elliptical vibration track on the tool, realizing intermittent cutting. The laser head focuses the laser beam through the laser generator, which is incident on the rear end face of the light-guiding diamond tool through the groove opened in the light-guiding pot, and after refraction, it is emitted from the rake face of the light-guiding diamond tool, and is focused on the cutting area before the workpiece material is cut, and the wax material is softened. The present invention combines ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting technology and laser auxiliary cutting technology, fully exerting the advantages of both in the combined auxiliary cutting, effectively solving the problems such as the low processing efficiency of ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting and the thermal stress of laser auxiliary cutting that is prone to cause micro-cracks on the processing surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of precision special processing technology, and particularly to a three-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting device.

Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of precision ultra-precision cutting processing technology, especially the combination of precision cutting methods and special processing technologies, it has brought technological innovation to the ultra-precision processing of difficult-to-machine materials.

[0003] Laser-assisted cutting technology is to concentrate a high-energy laser beam on the workpiece material in front of the tool so that the temperature of the cutting area before cutting reaches the optimal softening temperature of the workpiece material, which makes it easier to realize the plastic deformation of the workpiece material, reduce the cutting force, cutting specific energy, surface roughness and tool wear, and improve the machining quality and machining efficiency. Its machining mechanism is not only the reduction of the strength and hardness of the workpiece material at high temperature, but also the change of the stress field in the plastic deformation area inside the workpiece material due to partial and instantaneous high temperature and the complex physical and chemical reactions between the workpiece material and the laser or the medium at high temperature, which changes the cutting performance of the workpiece material. However, due to the thermal stress caused by laser-assisted cutting, microcracks are likely to occur on the machined surface of the workpiece, affecting the machining quality.

[0004] Ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting technology is a cutting method in which two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration is applied to the tool to form an elliptical vibration orbit. Compared with normal cutting and one-dimensional ultrasonic vibration cutting, its cutting process has characteristics such as "reversal of frictional force", "cutting with angle change" and more thorough "separation of tool and workpiece", so that the tool life is effectively extended, the glossiness of the cut surface and cutting stability are improved, and burrs and chatter vibrations are suppressed.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In order to fully exert the advantages of two special processing technologies, namely ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting and laser-assisted cutting, the present invention proposes a laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system that combines ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting and laser-assisted cutting to reduce tool wear and improve machining quality. Compared with the conventional split-type ultrasonic-laser composite assisted cutting system (the ultrasonic vibration cutting system and the laser-assisted cutting system are arranged separately), the present invention highly integrates the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser-assisted cutting system. The high-energy laser beam is emitted from the cutting edge point through the diamond tool and accurately concentrated on the core cutting area, so that the relative position is stable and reliable, the structure of the composite assisted cutting system is compact, the degree of integration is high, the volume is small, the safety is high, and the individual and accurate input control of light and sound energy in cutting can be realized, with stronger adaptability, the advantages of the ultrasonic-laser composite assisted cutting technology can be fully exerted, and the engineering application prospect is good.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In order to fully exert the advantages of ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting and laser-assisted cutting, the present invention provides a laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system with strong adaptability. The technical means according to the present invention are as follows.

[0007] A laser ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to an aspect of the present invention is a laser ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system comprising an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system, a laser assisted cutting system, a light guiding diamond tool, and a shield case. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system includes a light guiding spot, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and a tool height adjustment mechanism. The light guiding diamond tool is attached to the light guiding spot, the light guiding spot is provided at the output end of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism moves the light guiding diamond tool to complete ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting, the tool height adjustment mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and the tool height adjustment mechanism realizes the tool setting operation of the light guiding diamond tool in cutting. The laser assisted cutting system includes a laser input mechanism, a laser output mechanism connected to the laser input mechanism and outputting a laser beam, and a laser calibration mechanism connected to the laser output mechanism and adjusting the output position of the laser beam so that the laser beam penetrates the light guiding spot in an operating state and enters the light guiding diamond tool. The shield case is fitted outside the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser assisted cutting system, and holes through which the laser beam and the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism move are provided in the shield case.

[0008] Furthermore, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism includes an ultrasonic power supply, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism includes a transducer and a profiled horn, the ultrasonic power supply is connected to the transducer via an ultrasonic signal cable, the output end of the transducer is connected to the input end of the profiled horn, the output end of the profiled horn is connected to the light guiding spot, the light guiding diamond tool is soldered to the front part of the light guiding spot, and ultrasonic vibrations having a certain phase difference of two phases output from the profiled horn are synthesized at the cutting edge to form an elliptical vibration orbit.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic power supply is a digital single-channel ultrasonic power supply for exciting the transducer, which realizes the automatic tracking function of the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system by using the fuzzy PID algorithm, and guarantees the stable output of the ultrasonic vibration of the vibration cutting system.

[0010] Furthermore, the transducer is a sandwich-type piezoelectric transducer, which consists of four annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets of type number PZT-4 and four copper electrode sheets. By utilizing the high working efficiency d33 working mode of the piezoelectric ceramic, ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is output under the excitation of the ultrasonic power supply.

[0011] Furthermore, the profiled horn has an asymmetric structure for amplifying, decomposing, and converting the longitudinal vibration output by the transducer. A part of the longitudinal vibration is converted into flexural vibration along the center of the asymmetric structure, and the other part of the longitudinal vibration continues to be transmitted forward. The two-phase ultrasonic vibration has a preset phase difference. By selecting profiled horns with different structures, which are the positions of the differentiated asymmetric structure and / or the differentiated geometric dimensions, the adjustment of the conversion ratio from longitudinal vibration to flexural vibration is realized.

[0012] Furthermore, the profiled horn is constrained by the tool height adjustment mechanism through a flange. The tool height adjustment mechanism includes a tool height coarse adjustment knob and a tool height fine adjustment knob. The tool height adjustment mechanism can realize the fine displacement adjustment of the diamond tool in the Y direction, and the adjustment accuracy of the fine adjustment is 0.1 micrometer.

[0013] Furthermore, the laser input mechanism includes a laser generator, the laser output mechanism includes a laser head and a laser power calibrator. The laser light emitted from the laser generator is transmitted to the laser head through a flexible optical fiber, and the laser power calibrator is provided with a three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, a focus lens for focusing the spot diameter to 50-150 μm is provided at the output end of the laser head, and the laser generator adjusts the power of the emitted laser beam so as to adapt to different processing materials and requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser head is connected to a three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism via a fixed joist. The end of the fixed joist is attached to the three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism, and the tip of the fixed joist is engaged with the outer wall of the laser head.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser power calibrator calibrates the power and energy density of the laser beam emitted from the tool.

Advantages of the Invention

[0017] The present invention has the following advantages.

[0018] This composite auxiliary cutting system combines ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting technology and laser-assisted cutting technology, and fully exerts the advantages of the two cutting technologies. It can effectively solve problems such as the low processing efficiency of ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting and the easy generation of microcracks on the processed surface due to the thermal stress of laser-assisted cutting, further reduce the wear of the tool, and improve the processing quality of the workpiece. In the processing process of composite auxiliary cutting, ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting and laser-assisted cutting are carried out simultaneously. The high-energy laser beam is emitted from the cutting edge point through the diamond tool to heat the softened material, heating a part of it to a high temperature in a short time until the material is removed, reducing the yield stress and hardness of the material, and shifting the cutting deformation from brittle to plastic or quasi-plastic. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration shifts the cutting to an intermittent process, reducing the friction contact time between the front and rear cutting edges of the tool and the workpiece, effectively reducing the wear of the tool. Moreover, when the cutting separation occurs, the laser light irradiates the processed surface, heating and tempering the processed surface with the laser light, restoring the material to its original structure, reducing the damage to the quasi-surface, and improving the quality of the processed surface.

[0019] Compared with the segmented ultrasonic-laser composite cutting system, the present invention highly integrates the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser-assisted cutting system, ensuring that the relative positions of the concentrated position of the laser beam in the workpiece material and the cutting area are stable, the structure of the composite auxiliary cutting system is compact, and it has good prospects for engineering applications.

[0020] In addition, the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration can be adjusted by the ultrasonic power supply, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration trajectory can be controlled by optimizing the horn structure, and the power and spot size of the laser beam can also be continuously adjusted by the laser generator, providing a basis for optimizing the process of ultrasonic-laser composite auxiliary cutting and making the composite auxiliary cutting system more adaptable.

[0021] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely popularized in the field of precision special processing technology.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] To more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it goes without saying that those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0023]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] To make the objectives, technical means, and advantages of the embodiments according to the present invention clearer, the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor shall all be included in the scope protected by the present invention.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention disclose a laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system, which consists of an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system, a laser assisted cutting system, a light guiding diamond tool, and a shield case. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system includes a light guiding spot, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and a tool height adjustment mechanism. The light guiding diamond tool is attached to the light guiding spot, the light guiding spot is provided at the output end of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism moves the light guiding diamond tool to complete ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting, the tool height adjustment mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and the tool height adjustment mechanism realizes the tool setting operation of the light guiding diamond tool in cutting. The laser assisted cutting system includes a laser input mechanism, a laser output mechanism connected to the laser input mechanism and outputting a laser beam, and a laser calibration mechanism connected to the laser output mechanism and adjusting the output position of the laser beam so that the laser beam penetrates the light guiding spot in the operating state and enters the light guiding diamond tool. The shield case is fitted outside the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser assisted cutting system, and holes for the movement of the laser beam and the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism are provided in the shield case.

[0026] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to the present invention includes an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system, a laser assisted cutting system, a light guiding diamond tool 6, and a shield case 5. Here, 1 is a laser generator, 2 is an ultrasonic power supply, 3 is a flexible optical fiber, and 4 is a cable for ultrasonic signals.

[0027] The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system includes an ultrasonic power supply 2, a transducer, a profiled horn 9, a light guiding pot 8, a flange base 11, and a tool height adjustment mechanism 12.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 2, the flange 10 on the profiled horn 9 is constrained to the flange base 11 by high-strength bolts. The flange base 11 is welded to the tool height adjustment mechanism 12. The tool height adjustment mechanism 12 can realize fine displacement adjustment in the Y direction of the light guiding diamond tool 6 by a tool height coarse adjustment knob 13 and a tool height fine adjustment knob 14. The adjustment accuracy is 0.1 micrometer, which can realize accurate tool setting in cutting processing and improve the accuracy of cutting processing.

[0029] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laser assisted cutting system includes a laser generator 1, a laser head 20, a laser power calibrator 7, and a three-direction fine displacement adjustment mechanism 18.

[0030] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laser beam emitted from the laser generator 1 is transmitted to the laser head 20 through the flexible optical fiber 3, and is focused through a focus lens 21 attached to the tip of the laser head 20 so that the spot diameter is 50 - 150 μm, greatly improving the energy density of the laser spot. The laser generator 1 can adjust the power of the emitted laser beam to adapt to different processing materials and requirements.

[0031] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laser head 20 is connected to the three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism 18 via the fixed jaw 19. The three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism 18 makes the high-energy laser beam output from the laser head 20 enter the rear end face of the light guide diamond tool 6 through the groove 27 opened in the light guide pot 8. By designing and optimizing the geometric features of the rake face and flank face of the light guide diamond tool 6, the refraction direction and angle of the laser beam from the light guide diamond tool 6 can be adjusted. After refracting the laser beam, it is emitted from the rake face of the light guide diamond tool 6 and focused on the cutting area before the workpiece material is cut to soften it. The laser power calibrator 7 can calibrate the power and energy density of the laser beam emitted from the tool.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 3, the transducer includes annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D, copper electrode sheets 24A, 24B, 24C, and 24D, a rear cover plate 25, and a preloading bolt 26. The annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D all use piezoelectric ceramics of model number PZT-4 and utilize the d33 operation mode with high utilization efficiency of piezoelectric ceramics.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 3, before assembly, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system requires that the light guide diamond tool 6, the light guide pot 8, the special-shaped horn 9, the light guide pot upper cover 21, the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D, the copper electrode sheets 24A, 24B, 24C, and 24D, the rear cover plate 25, the preloading bolt 26, etc. must all be cleaned with absolute ethanol and dried using a blower drying box. The contact parts between the preloading bolt 26 and the rear cover plate 25, the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D, and the copper electrode sheets 24A, 24B, 24C, and 24D need to be wrapped with insulating tape, and an epoxy resin paste needs to be applied between the contact surfaces of the rear cover plate 25 and the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D, and the copper electrode sheets 24A, 24B, 24C, and 24D.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 3, in the transducer, as shown in FIG. 3, the rear cover plate 25, the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 23A, the copper electrode sheet 24A, the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 23B, the copper electrode sheet 24B, the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 23C, the copper electrode sheet 24C, the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 23D, the copper electrode sheet 24D and the rear cover plate 25 are sequentially fastened in the axial direction by the preloading bolts 26, and in this embodiment, a preloading force of 120 N is applied to perform the heat preservation aging treatment.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 3, the shaped horn 9 has an asymmetric structure for amplifying, decomposing, and converting the longitudinal vibration output by the transducer, converting a part of the longitudinal vibration into a flexural vibration along the center of the asymmetric structure, and the other part of the longitudinal vibration continues to be transmitted forward, and the two-phase ultrasonic vibration has a certain phase difference.

[0036] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the light guide pot 8 is attached to the output end of the shaped horn 9 by a fastening bolt, the light guide diamond tool 6 is soldered to the front part of the light guide pot 8, and the ultrasonic vibration with a certain phase difference of two phases is synthesized at the cutting edge to form an elliptical vibration orbit.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3, by calculating and optimizing the position and geometric dimensions of the asymmetric structure in the shaped horn 9, it is possible to adjust the conversion ratio from longitudinal vibration to flexural vibration and further adjust the orbit of the synthesized elliptical vibration.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 4, the light guide pot upper cover 22 is attached to the upper part of the light guide pot 8 by a fastening bolt so that the path of the laser beam incident on the rear part of the light guide diamond tool 6 is stable.

[0039] The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to the present invention combines the advantages of ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting technology and laser assisted cutting technology, highly integrates the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser assisted cutting system, enables the composite assisted cutting system to have the advantages of both cutting technologies, and moreover, the overall structure is compact, the degree of integration is high, which is beneficial for the realization of engineering applications. The amplitudes of the two-phase ultrasonic vibration and the laser beam power output from the laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system are adjustable, providing a basis for optimizing the process of composite assisted cutting.

[0040] Finally, the following should be noted. Each of the above embodiments is only for explaining the technical means of the present invention and does not limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is also possible to modify the technical means described in the above embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of their technical features. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the essence of the corresponding technical means does not deviate from the scope of the technical means of each embodiment of the present invention due to these modifications and replacements.

[0041] (Supplementary Note) (Supplementary Note 1) It consists of an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system, a laser assisted cutting system, a light guiding diamond tool and a shield case. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system includes a light guiding pot, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and a tool height adjustment mechanism. The light guiding diamond tool is attached to the light guiding pot, the light guiding pot is provided at the output end of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism moves the light guiding diamond tool to complete ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting, the tool height adjustment mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and the tool height adjustment mechanism realizes the tool setting operation of the light guiding diamond tool in cutting. The laser-assisted cutting system includes a laser input mechanism, a laser output mechanism connected to the laser input mechanism for outputting a laser beam, and a laser calibration mechanism connected to the laser output mechanism for adjusting the output position of the laser beam so that the laser beam penetrates the light guide spot in the operating state and is incident on the light guide diamond tool. The shield case is fitted outside the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser-assisted cutting system. The shield case is provided with holes through which the laser beam and the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism move. A laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system is characterized by this.

[0042] (Appendix 2) The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism includes an ultrasonic power supply. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism includes a transducer and a profiled horn. The ultrasonic power supply is connected to the transducer via an ultrasonic signal cable. The output end of the transducer is connected to the input end of the profiled horn. The output end of the profiled horn is connected to the light guide spot. The light guide diamond tool is soldered to the front of the light guide spot. The ultrasonic vibration with a certain phase difference of two phases output from the profiled horn is synthesized at the cutting edge to form an elliptical vibration track. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to Appendix 1 is characterized by this.

[0043] (Appendix 3) The ultrasonic power supply is a digital single-channel ultrasonic power supply for exciting the transducer, realizing the automatic tracking function of the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system using the fuzzy PID algorithm, and ensuring the stable output of the ultrasonic vibration of the vibration cutting system. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to Appendix 2 is characterized by this.

[0044] (Appendix 4) The transducer is a sandwich-type piezoelectric transducer, which consists of four annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets of type number PZT-4 and four copper electrode sheets. It utilizes the high working efficiency d33 working mode of the piezoelectric ceramic and outputs ultrasonic longitudinal vibration by the excitation of an ultrasonic power supply. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 2 is characterized by this.

[0045] (Appended note 5) The profiled horn has an asymmetric structure for amplifying, decomposing, and converting the longitudinal vibration output by the transducer. A part of the longitudinal vibration is converted into flexural vibration along the center of the asymmetric structure, and the other part of the longitudinal vibration continues to be transmitted forward. The two-phase ultrasonic vibration has a preset phase difference. By selecting a profiled horn with different structures that are the position of the differentiated asymmetric structure and / or the differentiated geometric dimensions, the adjustment of the conversion ratio from longitudinal vibration to flexural vibration is realized. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 2 is characterized by this.

[0046] (Appended note 6) The profiled horn is constrained by a tool height adjustment mechanism via a flange. The tool height adjustment mechanism includes a tool height coarse adjustment knob and a tool height fine adjustment knob. The tool height adjustment mechanism can realize the fine displacement adjustment of the diamond tool in the Y direction, and the adjustment accuracy of the fine adjustment is 0.1 micrometer. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 2 or 4 is characterized by this.

[0047] (Appended note 7) The laser input mechanism includes a laser generator. The laser output mechanism includes a laser head and a laser power calibrator. The laser emitted from the laser generator is transmitted to the laser head through a flexible optical fiber, and the laser power calibrator includes a three-direction fine displacement adjustment mechanism. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 1 is characterized by this.

[0048] (Appended note 8) A focus lens for focusing the spot diameter to 50-150 μm is provided at the output end of the laser head, and the laser generator adjusts the power of the emitted laser beam so as to adapt to different processing materials and requirements. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 7, characterized in that.

[0049] (Appended note 9) The laser head is connected to a three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism via a fixed joist. The end of the fixed joist is attached to the three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism, and the tip of the fixed joist is engaged with the outer wall of the laser head. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 7, characterized in that.

[0050] (Appended note 10) The laser power calibrator calibrates the power and energy density of the laser beam emitted from the tool. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to appended note 7, characterized in that.

Explanation of symbols

[0051] 1 Laser generator 2 Ultrasonic power supply 3 Flexible optical fiber 4 Cable for ultrasonic signal 5 Shield case 6 Light-conducting diamond tool 7 Laser power calibrator 8 Light-conducting spot 9 Special-shaped horn 10 Flange 11 Flange base 12 Tool height adjustment mechanism 13 Coarse adjustment knob for tool height 14 Fine adjustment knob for tool height 15 Fine adjustment knob for X-direction displacement 16 Fine adjustment knob for Y-direction displacement 17 Fine adjustment knob for Z-direction displacement 18 Three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism 19 Fixed joist 20 Laser head 21 Focus lens 22 Light guide pot upper cover 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D Annular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D Copper electrode sheet 25 Rear cover plate 26 Preloading bolt 27 Groove

Claims

1. An ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system, a laser-assisted cutting system, a light guide diamond tool, and a shield case, wherein the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system includes a light guide pot, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism, an ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and a tool height adjustment mechanism, the light guide diamond tool is attached to the light guide pot, the light guide pot is provided at the output end of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism moves the light guide diamond tool to complete ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting, the tool height adjustment mechanism is connected to the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism, and the tool height adjustment mechanism realizes the tool setting operation of the light guide diamond tool in cutting, the laser-assisted cutting system includes a laser input mechanism, a laser output mechanism connected to the laser input mechanism for outputting a laser beam, and a laser calibration mechanism connected to the laser output mechanism for adjusting the output position of the laser beam so that the laser beam penetrates the light guide pot in an operating state and enters the light guide diamond tool, the shield case is fitted outside the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and the laser-assisted cutting system, and the shield case is provided with holes through which the laser beam and the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism move. A laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system characterized by this.

2. The ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting input mechanism includes an ultrasonic power supply, the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting output mechanism includes a transducer and a deformed horn, the ultrasonic power supply is connected to the transducer via an ultrasonic signal cable, the output end of the transducer is connected to the input end of the deformed horn, the output end of the deformed horn is connected to the light guide pot, the light guide diamond tool is soldered to the front part of the light guide pot, and the ultrasonic vibration with a certain phase difference of two phases output from the deformed horn is synthesized at the cutting edge to form an elliptical vibration orbit. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

3. The ultrasonic power supply is a digital single-channel ultrasonic power supply for exciting a transducer, which uses a fuzzy PID algorithm to realize the automatic tracking function of the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting system and ensure the stable output of the ultrasonic vibration of the vibration cutting system. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 2 is characterized by this.

4. The transducer is a sandwich-type piezoelectric transducer, which consists of four annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets of type number PZT-4 and four copper electrode sheets. Utilizing the high working efficiency d33 working mode of the piezoelectric ceramic, it outputs ultrasonic longitudinal vibration when excited by the ultrasonic power supply. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 2 is characterized by this.

5. The special-shaped horn is constrained by a tool height adjustment mechanism via a flange. The tool height adjustment mechanism includes a tool height coarse adjustment knob and a tool height fine adjustment knob. The tool height adjustment mechanism can realize the fine displacement adjustment of the diamond tool in the Y direction, and the adjustment accuracy of the fine adjustment is 0.1 micrometer. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 2 or 4 is characterized by this.

6. The laser input mechanism is equipped with a laser generator. The laser output mechanism is equipped with a laser head and a laser power calibrator. The laser emitted from the laser generator is transmitted to the laser head via a flexible optical fiber. The laser output mechanism is equipped with a three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 1 is characterized by this.

7. A focus lens for focusing the spot diameter to 50 - 150 μm is provided at the output end of the laser head. The laser generator adjusts the power of the emitted laser beam so as to adapt to different processing materials and requirements. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 6 is characterized by this.

8. The laser head is connected to the three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism via a fixed joist. The end of the fixed joist is attached to the three-direction displacement fine adjustment mechanism, and the tip of the fixed joist is engaged with the outer wall of the laser head. The laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 6 is characterized by this.

9. The laser power calibrator calibrates the power and energy density of the laser beam emitted from the tool, and the laser-ultrasonic synchronous assisted cutting system according to claim 6, characterized in that.

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