Exterior structure

Abstract

To provide an exterior structure in which board-like flat exterior materials are mounted to a support member using a retainer, and can be easily replaced with new flat exterior materials even if some of the flat exterior materials are damaged in a special environment such as a rainstorm.SOLUTION: A plurality of flat exterior materials arranged in a flow direction are mounted to a support member arranged orthogonally to the flow direction using a retainer, the retainer has an engagement portion for engaging an underwater end of the flat exterior materials, a locking portion for locking either a right or left side end of the flat exterior materials, and a mounting portion to be supported by the support member. The support member comprises an engagement groove, the underwater side of which is open, and a support portion to which the mounting portion is mounted in a receiving manner, and an elastic material is arranged in the engagement groove. Each flat exterior material has a bottom water edge to be engaged with the engagement portion of the retainer, and has a top water edge to be elastically energized by an elastic material compressed in the engagement groove and mounted to the underwater side, and the retainer is arranged so that side ends of the mounting portion are opposite each other to form joints.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior structure in which board-shaped flat exterior materials are attached to support members (cross bars) using retainers, and in which even if part of the flat exterior materials is damaged in a special environment (sudden natural disaster) such as a storm, they can be easily replaced with new flat exterior materials. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, roofing materials such as roof tiles and roof tiles have been widely used for roofing ordinary houses and relatively low-rise buildings, due to their corrosion resistance, fire resistance, texture, and traditional beauty. However, because their fixing method is simple, they are subject to limitations on where they can be used (laid). For example, they are limited by the location of the building, the slope of the roof, and the height, making them inappropriate for all types of buildings. These problems are largely attributable to the fixing structure of these types of roofing materials, and fixing (retention) structures such as simply fastening the ridge edge of the tiles to the cross beams, or using nails or copper wire in combination, are incapable of solving the aforementioned problems, so a structure that can provide reliable retention is required.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 proposed by the applicant of the present application aims to improve the ease of fixing battens to metal rafters arranged in parallel on the left and right, and shows an example in which flat tile-type roofing materials with locking parts on the underwater side of the back side are fixed to the substrate (rafters) with battens (horizontal battens) arranged in the direction of the beam, and an example in which Japanese tile-type roofing materials with locking parts on the tip of the abovewater side of the back side are fixed to the substrate with battens. In this exterior structure, "plate-shaped exterior materials" are used, but either flat tile-type or Japanese tile-type roofing materials are used, and both are configured with locking parts that protrude in an L shape on the back side. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 8-3248 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 and the like do not have sufficient strength against sudden natural disasters. In other words, since the roofing material is engaged at only one point of the fastening part, it cannot be said to be very stable, and does not solve the problem of being limited to the places where it can be used (laid). In particular, if a crack occurs in the roof material, if it is only fastened in one place, the crack is likely to become larger due to flapping, etc., and if the crack is left as it is, broken pieces may fall from the roof surface, causing an accident.The impact of the fall is particularly large on construction surfaces with steep roof slopes, and there is a risk of causing great inconvenience to neighbors and causing serious secondary disasters. Furthermore, as mentioned above, this exterior structure uses roofing material with a fastening section on the underwater side of the back surface. In case a crack occurs in one part of the roofing material, new roofing material must always be prepared. Furthermore, because the roofing material has a special shape with a fastening section, it is costly to manufacture, manage, and store the material.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention aims to propose an exterior structure in which board-shaped flat exterior materials are attached to support members (cross bars) using holders, and in which even if part of the flat exterior materials is damaged in a special environment (sudden natural disaster) such as a storm, they can be easily replaced with new flat exterior materials. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and is an exterior structure in which a plurality of flat plate-shaped exterior materials arranged in the flow direction are attached to a support member arranged perpendicular to the flow direction using a holder that engages with the underwater ends of the flat plate-shaped exterior materials, the holder having an engaging portion that engages with the underwater end of the flat plate-shaped exterior material, a locking portion that locks with either the left or right side end of the exterior material, and an attachment portion that is received and supported by the support member, and a pair of left and right members are used per flat plate-shaped exterior material. The support member has an engaging groove that is open on the underwater side, and a receiving and supporting portion to which the mounting portion of the holder is attached in a receiving and supporting manner, an elastic material is arranged in the engaging groove, and each of the flat plate-shaped exterior materials is attached by having its underwater end engaged with the engaging portion of the holder and its abovewater end elastically biased toward the underwater side by the elastic material compressed in the engaging groove of the support member, and the holders attached to adjacent flat plate-shaped exterior materials are attached by having the side ends of the mounting portions arranged opposite to each other and forming a joint. but formation And The present invention relates to an exterior structure characterized by forming a

[0008] The present invention also proposes an exterior structure using the above-mentioned plate-like exterior material, characterized in that a reinforcing material is provided adjacent to the back surface of the flat-plate-like exterior material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] The exterior structure of the present invention is composed of a flat exterior material, a support member, two types of holders, and an elastic material, each of which has a simple configuration, and since the flat exterior material in particular is board-shaped, there are no costs involved in its production, management, or storage, and a variety of designs can be applied.In addition, the two types of holders can be made into simple, bilaterally symmetrical members, making them easy to produce. In addition, the flat exterior material in this exterior structure is stably attached with at least two points, the above-water end and the below-water end, engaged with the support member and the holder, and elastically biased toward the below-water side by the elastic material. In other words, by engaging at multiple points and using the elastic material, the engagement strength between the flat exterior material and the substrate is increased, restrictions on installation locations are reduced, and the flat exterior material has a greater degree of freedom in relation to the roof or wall. Furthermore, in the present invention, when replacing a damaged flat-plate exterior material with a new flat-plate exterior material, adjacent flat-plate exterior materials are hardly affected, and only the damaged flat-plate exterior material can be easily removed, and a new flat-plate exterior material can be easily attached, thereby significantly reducing the cost and time required for repair work. Moreover, the side ends of the mounting parts of the holders attached to the adjacent flat exterior materials are arranged facing each other, and the joints are but formation And Therefore, the side end faces of adjacent flat-plate-shaped exterior materials do not collide with each other, thereby preventing accidents such as breakage.

[0010] Furthermore, if a reinforcing material is provided adjacent to the back surface of the flat-plate exterior material, when an external impact is applied to the surface of the flat-plate exterior material, the back surface of the flat-plate exterior material will abut against the reinforcing material provided on the back surface, thereby preventing cracking of the flat-plate exterior material and accidents such as falling or scattering caused by the cracking. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] (a) is a front view showing the exterior structure of Example 1, (b) is a bottom view of the exterior structure of Example 1 seen from below the water, (c) is a side view of the exterior structure of Example 1 seen from the right side, and (d) is an enlarged side view of the main parts. [Figure 2] (a) A front view showing the exterior structure of Example 1 (part C surrounded by dotted lines indicates two adjacent types of retainers, and part D surrounded by dotted lines indicates the underwater end on the right side), (b) An enlarged front view of part D, (c) An enlarged front view of part C, (d) An oblique view of the exterior structure of Example 1 looking down from above (part B surrounded by dotted lines indicates the underwater end on the right side), (e) An enlarged oblique view of part B, (f) An oblique view of the exterior structure of Example 1 looking up from below (part A surrounded by dotted lines indicates the underwater end on the right side), (g) An enlarged oblique view of part A. [Figure 3](a) A front view showing a schematic diagram of the exterior structure of the reference example (part C surrounded by dotted lines indicates two adjacent types of retainers, and part D surrounded by dotted lines indicates the underwater end on the right side), (b) an enlarged front view of part D, (c) an enlarged front view of part C, (d) an oblique view of the exterior structure of the second embodiment looking down from above (part B surrounded by dotted lines indicates the underwater end on the right side), (e) an enlarged oblique view of part B, (f) an oblique view of the exterior structure of the reference example looking up from below (part A surrounded by dotted lines indicates the underwater end on the right side), (g) an enlarged oblique view of part A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The exterior structure of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of flat exterior materials arranged in the flow direction are attached to a support member arranged perpendicular to the flow direction using a retainer that engages with the underwater ends of the flat exterior materials.

[0013] The flat exterior material used in this invention has its underwater end engaged with the engaging part of the holder and its abovewater end attached to the engaging groove of the support member, but it is a board-shaped exterior material used for roofs and walls, and can be made of any material, including ceramics, and does not require any special shapes on either the front or back side. Therefore, for example, it may have a decorative surface with a designed uneven shape on the front side, or it may have an uneven shape formed on either or both the front and back sides to supplement its strength. In the explanation of the present invention, the terms above-water end and below-water end are inevitably used frequently, but flat exterior materials on the above-water side will be referred to as upper-side flat exterior materials (or upper-side exterior materials), and flat exterior materials on the below-water side will be referred to as lower-side flat exterior materials (or lower-side exterior materials).

[0014] The holders used in the present invention are arranged in pairs, one on each side of each flat exterior material, i.e., two on each side, and have an engaging portion that engages with the underwater end of the flat exterior material, a locking portion that locks onto either the left or right side end of the flat exterior material, and an attachment portion that is supported by a support member. The engaging portion may be any portion that can engage with the underwater end of the flat exterior material, and may be formed in a groove shape (U-shape) with an open above-water side into which the board-shaped underwater end of the flat exterior material can be fitted, as in the illustrated example described below. Furthermore, the mounting portion may be any portion that can be supported by the support member, and may be formed in a groove shape with an open underwater side that can be supported by the upward piece-shaped support portion of the support member, as in the illustrated example described below. Furthermore, the locking portion may be any portion that can be locked to either the left or right side end of the flat exterior material, and may be formed by extending a portion of the side end of the rear vertical surface that forms the locking portion outward and bending it toward the front side, as in the illustrated example described below.

[0015] In this description, the left and right sides refer to the left side as viewed from the front and the right side as viewed from the front, which is the opposite of the notation used for the flat exterior material. The locking portion of the holder arranged near the left end of the flat exterior material is locked to the left end of the flat exterior material, and the locking portion in the illustrated embodiment described below is formed by extending a portion of the side edge of the rear vertical surface that forms the engagement portion outward to the left and bending it toward the front surface. In addition, the locking portion of the holder arranged near the right end of the flat exterior material is locked to the right end of the flat exterior material, and the locking portion in the illustrated embodiment described below is formed by extending a portion of the side edge of the back vertical surface that forms the engagement portion outward to the right and bending it toward the front surface. Such retainers are formed symmetrically in pairs on the left and right, and therefore also serve to prevent the side end faces of adjacent flat exterior materials from abutting against each other (= joints are automatically formed). Therefore, even if it becomes necessary to replace (exchange) the flat exterior materials, the joints that are formed allow for easy replacement.

[0016] The support member used in the present invention is a horizontal bar (through member) arranged perpendicular to the flow direction, and is equipped with an engagement groove to which the above-water end of the flat exterior material is attached, and a support portion to which the mounting portion of the retainer is attached in a support-like manner. The engagement groove may be any groove that can engage with the above-water end of the flat exterior material, and may be formed in a groove shape (inverted U-shape) that is open on the below-water side and into which the board-shaped above-water end of the flat exterior material can be fitted, as in the illustrated example described below. Furthermore, the support portion may be any portion capable of supporting the mounting portion of the holder, and may be formed as an upward piece that can support a groove-shaped mounting portion that is open on the underwater side of the holder, as in the illustrated example described below.

[0017] Furthermore, an elastic material is attached within the engagement groove of the support member. This elastic material is arranged so that the above-water edge of the flat-plate-shaped exterior material comes into contact with it, and as long as it elastically biases the flat-plate-shaped exterior material from above the water, there are no particular restrictions on the material (composition) etc. For example, it may be formed from a cylindrical or cylindrical (pipe) elastic body, or a molded body with spring elasticity. It is desirable that this elastic material be attached integrally to the support member, as this provides excellent attachment stability, thereby improving the installation stability of the flat exterior material.

[0018] In addition, the support member is provided with a fixing portion for fixing to the substrate, but when the substrate is a roof or wall surface with a flow gradient as in the illustrated example described below, and a stepping member that continues in the flow direction is arranged on the substrate, the attachment portion to the stepping member serves as the fixing portion. This fixing portion can be selected appropriately depending on the configuration of the substrate as in the illustrated example, and is not particularly limited.

[0019] In addition, regarding the mounting portion of the holder and the receiving portion of the support member, in this explanation the former is described as a groove-shaped portion that is open on the underwater side and the latter as an upward-facing piece-shaped portion, but the former can also be described as a downward-facing piece-shaped portion and the latter as a groove-shaped portion that is open on the abovewater side.

[0020] It is also desirable that a reinforcing material be disposed adjacent to the back surface of the flat-plate exterior material. When an external impact is applied to the exterior surface, i.e., the surface of the flat-plate exterior material, the back surface of the flat-plate exterior material abuts against the surface of the reinforcing material, thereby preventing cracks in the flat-plate exterior material and accidents such as dropping or scattering caused by the cracks. Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing such cracks, when a vertically elongated flat-plate exterior material is used, it is desirable to use a reinforcing material that extends in the horizontal direction, and when a horizontally elongated flat-plate exterior material is used, it is desirable to use a reinforcing material that extends in the vertical direction.

[0021] Furthermore, when the side edges of the mounting parts of the holders attached to adjacent flat exterior materials are arranged facing each other to form a joint, the side edges of the adjacent flat exterior materials will not collide with each other, preventing accidents such as breakage. Note that, in this example, as in Example 1 described below, the side edges of the mounting parts are formed to protrude outward from the end faces of the flat exterior materials and the locking parts of the holders, and therefore, compared to the Reference Example in which the side edges of the mounting parts are formed to the same extent as the side end faces of the flat exterior materials, there is no collision (crash) between the end faces of the flat exterior materials, preventing accidents such as breakage.

[0022] The exterior structure of the present invention is thus extremely simply constructed, consisting of a flat exterior material, a support member, two types of retainers, and an elastic material. In particular, because the flat exterior material is board-shaped, its fabrication, management, and storage are inexpensive, allowing for a variety of designs to be adopted. For example, it may be a decorative board with a designed textured decorative surface on its front side, or a decorative board with a textured surface on either or both of its front and back sides to enhance its strength. Furthermore, the two types of retainers can be simply constructed as symmetrical components, making them easy to fabricate. Furthermore, the two underwater ends of the flat exterior material engage with the engaging portions of the retainers on the left and right sides, respectively, and are elastically biased toward the underwater side by the elastic material arranged in the engaging grooves of the support member. This increases the engagement strength between the flat exterior material and the substrate, reduces restrictions on installation locations, and increases the flexibility of the flat exterior material relative to roofs and walls.

[0023] Furthermore, even if a part of the flat exterior material were to break completely in the middle during a storm or other event, both the above-water and below-water damaged parts would continue to be held in place by the support members, preventing serious falling accidents. This means that accidents of falling or scattering are reduced and subsequent maintenance can be easily carried out. Furthermore, when replacing a damaged flat-plate exterior material with a new flat-plate exterior material, adjacent flat-plate exterior materials are hardly affected, only the damaged flat-plate exterior material can be easily removed, and a new flat-plate exterior material can be easily attached, so that the cost and time required for repair work can be greatly reduced. [Example]

[0024] The exterior structure of the present invention comprises a flat exterior material 1 manufactured by ceramic baking or the like, a support member 2, retainers 3A, 3B, 3A', 3B', and an elastic material 4, as in Example 1 shown in Figures 1(a) to (d) and 2(a) to (g), and a reference example shown in Figures 3(a) to (g). Each flat exterior material 1 is attached such that its underwater end 12 engages with the engaging portions 31a, 31b, 31a', 31b' of the retainers 3A, 3B, 3A', 3B', and its abovewater end 11 is elastically biased toward the underwater side by the elastic material 4 compressed within the engaging groove 21 of the support member 2. However, Example 1 is characterized in that the side ends of the mounting portions 42 supported by the support member 2 are arranged opposite each other to form a joint 7.

[0025] The flat exterior material 1 used in Example 1 and the reference example has its underwater end 12 engaged with the engaging portions 31a, 31b, 31a', 31b' of the holders 3A, 3B, 3A', 3B', and its abovewater end 11 attached to the engaging groove 21 of the support member 2. It is manufactured by ceramic baking or the like, and is a board-like material that does not require any special shape on either the front or back side.

[0026] The support member 2 used in Example 1 and the Reference Example is a horizontal bar (through member) arranged perpendicular to the flow direction, and is provided with an engagement groove 21 to which the above-water end 11 of the flat exterior material 1 is attached, and a support portion 22 to which the mounting portion 32 of the holders 3A, 3B, 3A', 3B' is attached in a support-like manner, and is provided with fixing portions 23a, 23b for fixing to the base 5 as shown in Figure 1(c). The engaging groove 21 is formed in a groove shape (inverted U-shape) that is open on the underwater side, and is capable of fitting (engaging) with the above-water end 11 of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1. The support portion 22 is formed in the shape of an upward piece, and the mounting portions 32 of the holders 3A, 3B, 3A', 3B' can be mounted in a support-like manner. Furthermore, the fixing portions 23a, 23b are the belowwater fixing portion 23b, which is formed by extending the lower end of the belowwater vertical piece 24b belowwater, and the abovewater fixing portion 23a, which is formed by extending the lower end of the abovewater vertical piece 24a abovewater, and refer to the portions that are fixed along the upper surface 51 of the hat-shaped talc member that is the base 5.

[0027] The base 5 for fixing the support member 2 is formed on a base surface 6, which is a vertical wall surface, by spacer members arranged at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 1(b) and continuously in the flow direction as shown in FIG. 1(c). This support member 5 has flange-shaped fixing portions 52, 53 that are fixed along the base surface 5, and is configured with an attachment groove 51a that is cut up into the hat-shaped upper surface 51 to open the underwater side, and an attachment cover 51b that is fitted along the groove to cover the support member 2 after it has been installed.With the above-water fixing portion 23a of the support member 2 attached to the attachment groove 51a (inserted from the underwater side), the attachment cover 51 is fitted along the underwater fixing portion 23b in an overhanging manner and fixed together with fixing screws 5b.

[0028] The holders 3A, 3B used in Example 1 are a pair of symmetrical metal molded products arranged on the left and right sides, i.e., two on each side, one on each side per piece of flat plate-shaped exterior material 1, as shown in Figure 2(a), and have engaging portions 31a, 31b that engage with the underwater end 12 of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1, locking portions 33a, 33b that lock onto either the left or right side end 13a, 13b of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1, and mounting portions 32a, 32b that are received by the support member 2 (receiving support portion 22). The engaging portions 31a, 31b are formed in a groove shape (U-shape) that is open on the above-water side, and can engage (fit) with the below-water end 12 of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1. The mounting portions 32a, 32b are formed in the shape of grooves that are open on the underwater side, and can be received and supported by the upward-facing piece-shaped receiving support portions 22 of the support member 2. The side ends of the mounting portions 32a, 32b are formed so as to protrude outward from the side end faces 13a, 13b of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1 and the locking portions 33a, 33b of the holder 3, that is, to the left in the case of holder 3A arranged at the left end of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1, and to the right in the case of holder 3B arranged at the right end of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1, and the mounting portion 32a formed on holder 3A and the mounting portion 32b formed on holder 3B are formed symmetrically. Furthermore, the locking portion 33a of the holder 3A arranged near the left end of the flat exterior material 1 is formed by extending part of the side end of the back vertical surface that forms the engagement portions 31a, 31b outward to the left and bending it toward the front surface, and is locked to the left end 13a of the flat exterior material 1. Further, locking portion 33b of holder 3B disposed near the right end of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1 is formed by extending part of the side edge of the rear vertical surface forming the engaging portions 31a, 31b outward to the right and bending it toward the front, and is locked onto the right end 13b of the flat plate-shaped exterior material 1. Locking portion 33a formed on holder 3A and locking portion 33b formed on holder 3B are formed symmetrically.

[0029] As described above, the holders 3A and 3B are formed symmetrically as a pair of left and right holders, and the engaging portions 31a and 31b are side edge The back part (311a, 311b) From the edgeBecause they are formed to protrude, the engaging portions 31a, 31b can engage (fit) with the underwater end 12 of the flat-plate-shaped exterior material 1, and also serve to reliably prevent the side end faces 13a, 13b of adjacent flat-plate-shaped exterior materials 1, 1 from abutting against each other (= joints 7 are automatically formed), so that even if it becomes necessary to replace the flat-plate-shaped exterior material 1, the formed joints 7 allow it to be easily replaced without causing damage, etc.

[0030] Figure 2(a) shows a schematic diagram of the exterior structure of Example 1, where part C surrounded by a dotted line shows two types of retainers 3A and 3B adjacent to each other at the underwater ends of adjacent flat-plate-shaped exterior materials 1, 1, and part D shows retainer 3B arranged at the underwater end on the right side. FIG. 2(b) shows an enlarged view of part D, and FIG. 2(c) shows an enlarged view of part C. Furthermore, Figure 2(d) is a perspective view of the exterior structure of this Example 1 viewed from above, where part B surrounded by a dotted line indicates the retainer 3B arranged at the right-hand underwater end, and Figure 2(e) is an enlarged perspective view of part B. Also, Figure 2(f) is a perspective view of the exterior structure of this Example 1 viewed from below, where part A surrounded by a dotted line indicates the holder 3B arranged at the right-hand underwater end, and Figure 2(g) is an enlarged perspective view of part A.

[0031] The retainers 3A', 3B' used in the reference example are also a pair of symmetrical left and right members arranged in pairs, i.e., two on each side, per piece of flat exterior material 1, and have engaging portions 31a', 31b' that engage with the underwater end 12 of the flat exterior material 1, engaging portions 33a, 33b that engage with either the left or right side end 13a, 13b of the flat exterior material 1, and mounting portions 32a', 32b' that are received by the support member 2 (receiving portion 22 of the support member 2). The engaging portions 31a', 31b' are formed in a groove shape (U-shape) that is open on the above-water side, and are similar to the engaging portions 31a, 31b of the holders 3A, 3B used in Example 1 in that they can engage (fit) with the below-water end 12 of the flat exterior material 1. Furthermore, the mounting portions 32a', 32b' are similar to the mounting portions 32a, 32b of the holders 3A, 3B used in Example 1 in that they are formed in a groove shape that is open on the underwater side and can be supported by the upward piece-shaped receiving support portion 22 of the support member 2, but the side ends of the mounting portions 32a', 32b' are formed to be approximately the same size as the side end faces 13a, 13b of the flat exterior material 1. Therefore, although not as reliable as in Example 1, the retainers 3A', 3B' in this reference example also have locking portions 33a, 33b to form narrow joints 7', so that the flat exterior material 1 can be replaced as needed without causing damage, etc. The locking portions 33a and 33b are completely the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0032] Figure 3(a) shows a schematic diagram of the exterior structure of this reference example, where part C surrounded by dotted lines shows two types of retaining devices 3A', 3B' adjacent to each other at the underwater ends of adjacent flat-plate-shaped exterior materials 1, 1, and part D shows retaining device 3B' arranged at the underwater end on the right side. FIG. 3(b) shows an enlarged view of part D, and FIG. 3(c) shows an enlarged view of part C. Furthermore, Figure 3(d) is a perspective view of the exterior structure of this Example 1 viewed from above, where part B surrounded by a dotted line indicates the retainer 3B' arranged at the right-hand underwater end, and Figure 3(e) is an enlarged perspective view of part B. Also, Figure 3(f) is a perspective view of the exterior structure of this Example 1 viewed from below, where part A surrounded by a dotted line indicates the holder 3B' arranged at the right-hand underwater end, and Figure 3(g) is an enlarged perspective view of part A.

[0033] The elastic material 4 used in Example 1 and Reference Example is formed of a hollow elastic body as shown in FIG. 1(c), that is, a circular tube (pipe)-shaped elastic body having a larger diameter than when laid down. These elastic materials 4 are simply arranged so as to be fitted from above, and no special fixing means is used, but since the flat exterior material 1 on the upper side covers the upper side when installed, unexpected detachment never occurs.

[0034] 1(c), a reinforcing material 8 is disposed adjacent to the back surface of the flat plate-shaped packaging material 1 of Example 1. When an external impact is applied to the exterior surface, i.e., the surface of the flat plate-shaped packaging material 1, the back surface of the flat plate-shaped packaging material 1 comes into contact with the surface of the reinforcing material 8, thereby preventing cracks in the flat plate-shaped packaging material 1 and accidents such as falling or scattering caused by the cracks. The flat-plate-shaped exterior material 1 used in Example 1 is vertically long, so a reinforcing material 8 extending horizontally was used, but if a horizontally long flat-plate-shaped exterior material is used, it is desirable to use a reinforcing material extending vertically.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1(c), the structure for attaching this reinforcing material 8 is the same as the mounting structure of the support member 2, in that an attachment groove that is open on the underwater side is provided on the upper surface 51 of the talc member 5, and the talc member is fixed to the base 5 with a fixing screw 8b.

[0036] The exterior structure of Example 1, which is made up of these components, is not particularly limited in construction procedure, but can be easily constructed, for example, by the following procedure. First, the above-mentioned spacer members, each having a hat-shaped cross section, are arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction (by fixing the fastening parts 52, 53) on the base surface 6, which is a vertical wall surface, to form the base 5. On the upper surface 51 of this spacer member 5, as described above, the mounting groove 51a, which is open on the underwater side, and the mounting cover 51b are formed in a cut-and-raised shape. Next, the support member 2 having the above-mentioned configuration is placed along the surface side of the upper surface 51 of the base 5, and with its above-water fixing portion 23a attached to the mounting groove 51a (inserted from the below-water side), the mounting cover 51 is placed along the below-water fixing portion 23b in an overhanging manner, and the support member 2 is fixed integrally in the form of a horizontal bar perpendicular to the flow direction using fixing screws 5b. Further, a reinforcing member 8 having the same structure as the support member 2 is arranged along the support member 8 and fixed by a fixing screw 8b so as to be perpendicular to the flow direction. Next, the elastic material 4 is placed in the engagement groove 21 of the fixed support member 2, and the above-water end 11 of the flat-plate-shaped exterior material 1 is faced from below the water so that the elastic material 4 is compressed, and the two types of holders 3A, 3B of the above configuration are attached to the left and right of the below-water end. At this time, the two types of holders 3A, 3B are attached so that their engagement portions 31a, 31b are engaged with the below-water end 12 of the flat-plate-shaped exterior material 1, and their locking portions 33a, 33b are locked to the side end faces 13a, 13b of the flat-plate-shaped exterior material 1, and the mounting portions 32a, 32b are received and supported by the upward-facing piece-shaped receiving and supporting portions 22 of the support member 2.

[0037] The exterior structure constructed in this manner consists of a simply constructed flat exterior material 1, a support member 2, two types of retaining devices 3A and 3B, and an elastic material 4. In particular, since the flat exterior material 1 is board-shaped, there is no cost involved in its production, management, or storage, and various designs can be applied. In addition, the two types of holders 3A and 3B can be made into simple, bilaterally symmetrical members, and are therefore easy to manufacture. In Example 1, a metal molded product was used, but it can also be easily manufactured by repeatedly performing a simple bending process on a metal plate material punched into a predetermined shape. Furthermore, the flat exterior material 1 has two underwater ends 12 which engage with the engaging portions 31A, 31B of the retaining devices 3A, 3B arranged on the left and right sides, respectively, and is elastically biased toward the underwater side by the elastic material 4 arranged in the engaging groove 21 of the support member 2, thereby increasing the engagement strength between the flat exterior material 1 and the base 5, reducing restrictions on installation locations, and increasing the flexibility of the flat exterior material 1 relative to roofs and walls.

[0038] Moreover, in this embodiment 1, the holders 3A and 3B attached to the adjacent flat-plate-shaped exterior materials 1 and 1 are arranged at the side ends ( protruding from the edge back part 321 a, 321 b) are arranged opposite each other to form a joint 7, so that the side end faces 13a, 13b of adjacent flat plate-like exterior materials 1, 1 do not collide with each other, thereby preventing accidents such as breakage. Furthermore, in this Example 1, a reinforcing material 8 is provided adjacent to the back surface of the flat-plate exterior material 1, so that when an external impact is applied to the surface of the flat-plate exterior material 1, the back surface of the flat-plate exterior material 1 comes into contact with the reinforcing material 8 provided on the back surface side, absorbing the impact, thereby preventing cracking of the flat-plate exterior material 1 and accidents such as falling or scattering caused by the cracking.

[0039] The exterior structure of the reference example also consists of a very simply configured flat exterior material 1, two types of holders 3A' and 3B', and a support member 2 and elastic material 4 (not shown), and since the flat exterior material 1 in particular is board-shaped, there are no costs involved in its production, management, or storage, and various designs can be applied. Also, the two types of holders 3A' and 3B' are almost the same as those in the above example, and therefore can be made into metal molded products, and can be easily produced by repeatedly performing a simple bending process on metal plate material punched into a predetermined shape.

[0040] On the other hand, in the exterior structure of Example 1, when a part of the flat-plate exterior material 1 is damaged, for example, by a storm, the procedure for replacing the flat-plate exterior material 1 with a new flat-plate exterior material 1 is not limited, but it can be easily replaced, for example, by the following procedure. To remove the flat exterior material 1, the flat exterior material 1 is pressed from below the waterline to shift (slide) it toward above the waterline, causing the above-water edge 11 to abut against the elastic material 4 and compress, and the mounting portions 32a, 32b of the holders 3A, 3B attached to the flat exterior material 1 to separate from the receiving and supporting portions 22 of the support member 2. At this time, by sliding it toward above the waterline while tilting it left and right, utilizing the spacing between the left and right joints 7, the elastic material 4 is compressed and the mounting portions 32a, 32b can be easily separated from the receiving and supporting portions 22. More specifically, by slightly lifting the flat exterior material 1 when tilting it left and right, the back portions 311a, 311b of the engaging portions 31a, 31b and the protruding portions of the mounting portions 32a, 32b are lifted, avoiding contact with the adjacent holders 3B, 3A (shifting them upward), and the spacing between the joints 7 can be utilized as described above. The holders 3A and 3B are recovered from the removed flat-plate exterior material 1 and attached to a new flat-plate exterior material 1, and then this new flat-plate exterior material 1 is attached in the same manner as above to the position of the removed flat-plate exterior material 1. Of course, if the removed holders 3A and 3B are deformed or damaged, they must be replaced with new holders 3A and 3B, but in principle they can be used repeatedly.

[0041] In addition, in the above-mentioned reference example, the construction procedure is almost the same, and the procedure for replacing it with a new flat-plate exterior material 1 also involves forming a narrow joint 7', so even in this reference example, the flat-plate exterior material 1 can be replaced without causing damage, although not as much as in the above-mentioned Example 1. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 1 Flat exterior material 11 Water Edge 12 Bottom end of water 13a Left side edge 13b Right edge 2 Support member 21 Engagement groove 22 Branch 23a Above water side fixing part 23b Underwater side fixing part 24a Above water vertical piece 24b Underwater vertical piece 3A,3A' (Left side) Holder 3B,3B' (right side) holder 31a, 31b, 31a', 31b' Engagement part 32a, 32b, 32a', 32b' Mounting part 33a, 33b Locking part 4 Elastic material 5 Base (taruki material) 51 Top side 51a Mounting groove 51b Mounting cover 6 Base surface 7,7' joint 8 Reinforcement

Claims

1. An exterior structure in which a plurality of flat exterior materials arranged in the flow direction are attached to a support member arranged perpendicular to the flow direction using a holder that engages with the water-underwater ends of the flat exterior materials, The holder is a member having an engaging portion that engages with the underwater end of the flat plate-shaped exterior material, a locking portion that locks onto either the left or right side end of the flat plate-shaped exterior material, and an attachment portion that is received and supported by the support member, and one pair of left and right holders is used per flat plate-shaped exterior material, The support member has an engagement groove that is open on the underwater side and a support portion to which the mounting portion of the holder is attached in a support-support manner, and an elastic material is disposed in the engagement groove, The flat exterior material is attached such that its underwater end engages with the engaging portion of the holder, and its abovewater end is elastically biased toward the underwater side by an elastic material compressed in the engaging groove of the support member, An exterior structure characterized in that the retainers attached to adjacent flat exterior materials have side ends of the attachment portions arranged opposite each other to form joints.

2. 2. The exterior structure according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing material is provided adjacent to the rear surface of the flat exterior material.

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