Joining structure and joining method

Abstract

The problem is to ensure that the eaves or beams are stably attached to the reinforced concrete structure. [Solution] The joint structure comprises an embedded plate (60) that is embedded in the side of a reinforced concrete beam (3) and has a surface exposed on the side of the beam (3), an anchor bolt (40) that is embedded in the beam (3), protrudes from the beam (3) and passes through the embedded plate (60), a base plate (31) that is provided at the end of the eave (20) or beam (30), that makes surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate (60) and through which the anchor bolt (40) passes, and a nut (50) that is tightened onto the anchor bolt (40) to fasten the base plate (31) to the embedded plate (60).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a joining structure and a joining method. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for installing a female-threaded anchor in a reinforced concrete structure. Patent Documents 2 to 4 disclose techniques for fixing a canopy to a reinforced concrete structure using an anchor bolt. When a structure is constructed, unevenness may occur on the surface of the structure. Such unevenness impairs the stability of the canopy attachment. If an anchor bolt is installed in an incorrect position in a structure, such an anchor bolt can cause instability in the canopy attachment. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-050726 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-122333 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-076989 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-115905 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to enable eaves or beams to be stably attached to a reinforced concrete structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The following reference numerals in parentheses refer to FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, according to claim 1, an embedded plate (60) that is embedded in the side surface of the reinforced concrete skeleton (3) and has a surface exposed on the side surface of the skeleton (3); An anchor bolt (40) embedded in the body (3), protruding from the body (3), and penetrating the embedded plate (60); a base plate (31) provided at the end of the eaves (20) or beam (30), in surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate (60), and through which the anchor bolt (40) passes; a nut (50) fastened to the anchor bolt (40) to fasten the base plate (31) to the embedded plate (60); A joining structure is provided, comprising:

[0007] According to claim 1 as described above, the base plate (31) comes into surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate (60) and the base plate (31) is fastened to the embedded plate (60) by the nut (50), so that even if unevenness occurs on the side of the reinforced concrete structure (3), the eaves (20) or beam (30) can be stably attached to the reinforced concrete structure (3).

[0008] According to claim 2, The surface of the embedded plate (60) is flush with the side surface of the body (3). The joint structure according to claim 1 is provided.

[0009] According to claim 2, the surface of the embedded plate (60) is flush with the side surface of the skeleton (3), which enhances the sense of unity between the embedded plate (60) and the skeleton (3). Since the base plate (31) is close to the side surface of the skeleton (3), the sense of unity between the eaves (20) or beams (30) and the skeleton (3) is enhanced, and the eaves (20) or beams (30) can be stably attached to the reinforced concrete skeleton (3).

[0010] According to claim 3, The embedding plate (60) and the anchor bolt (40) are embedded in the beam (3) of the frame (3). The joint structure according to claim 1 or 2 is provided.

[0011] According to claim 3, since the width of the beam (3) is usually greater than the thickness of the wall, the embedment length of the anchor bolt (40) is long. This improves the fixation of the anchor bolt (40) and stably attaches the eaves (20) or beam (30) to the reinforced concrete skeleton (3).

[0012] According to claim 4, An embedding plate (60) is placed on the inner surface of the side formwork, and the anchor bolt (40) is passed through the embedding plate (60) and the side formwork; Pour concrete inside the side formwork, After the concrete has hardened, the side forms are peeled off from the concrete to expose the surface of the embedding plate (60); The anchor bolt (40) is passed through a base plate (31) provided at the end of the eaves (20) or beam (30), and the base plate (31) is brought into surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate (60); A nut (50) is fastened to the anchor bolt (40), and the base plate (31) is fastened to the embedding plate (60) by the nut (50). A bonding method is provided.

[0013] According to claim 4 as described above, the base plate (31) comes into surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate (60) and the base plate (31) is fastened to the embedded plate (60) by the nut (50), so that the eaves (20) or beam (30) can be stably attached to the concrete even if there are unevenness on the surface of the concrete. Because the embedded plate (60) is attached to the inner surface of the side formwork, when the side formwork is removed from the concrete, the surface of the embedded plate (60) becomes flush with the surface of the concrete. This increases the sense of unity between the embedded plate (60) and the concrete. Because the base plate (31) is close to the surface of the concrete, the sense of unity between the eaves (20) or beams (30) and the concrete is increased, and the eaves (20) or beams (30) are stably attached to the concrete.

[0014] According to claim 5, The embedded plate (60) and the base plate (31) are provided in a flat plate shape. The joint structure according to claim 5 is provided.

[0015] According to claim 5 as described above, since the embedded plate (60) and the base plate (31) are flat, the attachment of the base plate (31) to the embedded plate (60) is stable, and thus the eaves (20) or beam (30) can be stably attached to the concrete. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] The eaves or beams are stably attached to the reinforced concrete structure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a vertical cross-section of the upper part of the first floor of the structure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a cantilever beam. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the mold framework. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of pouring concrete. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the demolding process. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the attachment of the cantilever beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Features and technical effects of the embodiments will be understood from the following detailed description and drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below. Because the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples in the drawings.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-section of the upper part of the first floor of the building structure. Building 1 is multi-story. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the structure of at least the first floor of building 1 is made of reinforced concrete with a wall structure, but it may also be made of reinforced concrete with a rigid frame structure instead of a wall structure. The structure of all floors of building 1 may be made of reinforced concrete. The structure of the lower floors of building 1 may be made of reinforced concrete, and the structure of the upper floors may be made of wood. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the first floor of building 1 is made of reinforced concrete, and the structure of the second floor and above is made of wood. The wooden portion of building 1 is made of a wall structure, a frame structure, or a combination of both. A wall structure means that the load and seismic force of building 1 and its loads are supported by walls. A frame structure means that the load and seismic force of building 1 and its loads are supported by columns, beams, and braces. The wooden portion of the building 1 may be constructed using panel construction, frame construction, frame and panel construction, or wood-frame construction, or a combination of two or more of these.

[0020] A reinforced concrete exterior wall 2 is constructed around the periphery of the first floor of building 1. The exterior wall 2 has single or double wall reinforcement and concrete, and the wall reinforcement is embedded in the concrete. The wall reinforcement has multiple vertical reinforcement and multiple horizontal reinforcement.

[0021] A reinforced concrete beam 3 is provided on top of the exterior wall 2. The upper end of the exterior wall 2 is joined to the beam 3. The beam 3 extends circumferentially along the periphery of the building 1. Because the framework of at least the first floor is made of reinforced concrete with a wall structure, the beam 3 is also called a lateral beam. The beam 3 has beam reinforcement and concrete, and the beam reinforcement is embedded in the concrete. The beam reinforcement has multiple main reinforcement bars 3a and multiple shear reinforcement bars 3b.

[0022] A reinforced concrete slab 4 is constructed inside the beam 3. The slab 4 extends horizontally, and its edges are joined to the beam 3. The slab 4 has single or double slab reinforcement with multiple main reinforcements and multiple distribution reinforcements, and concrete, and the slab reinforcement is embedded in the concrete.

[0023] A reinforced concrete rising section 5 is constructed on top of the beam 3, rising from the top surface of the slab 4. The rising section 5 and the beam 3 are integrated. The rising section 5 has rising reinforcement and concrete, and the rising reinforcement is embedded in the concrete. The rising reinforcement has multiple main reinforcement and multiple shear reinforcement. Note that if the height of the rising section 5 is low, the beam reinforcement may extend to the concrete of the rising section 5 and be embedded in the concrete instead of the rising reinforcement.

[0024] A wooden base 6 is installed on top of the rising portion 5, and a wooden exterior wall 7 is installed on top of the base 6. The base 6 and the exterior wall 7 are fixed to the rising portion 5 by anchors. Part of the anchor is embedded in the concrete of the rising portion 5 and the beam 3, and the remaining part protrudes upward from the top surface of the rising portion 5.

[0025] Eaves 20 are attached to the side of the beam 3. The eave 20 protrudes from the side of the beam 3. The eave 20 has a plurality of cantilever beams 30, a plurality of fascia members 21, a plurality of fascia boards 22, a plurality of joists 23, a plurality of sheathing boards 24, and a plurality of eaves top boards 25.

[0026] The cantilever beam 30 is made of steel, stainless steel, or an aluminum alloy. The cantilever beam 30 may be a steel beam. The base end of the cantilever beam 30 is joined to the side surface of the beam 3, and the cantilever beam 30 protrudes from the side surface of the beam 3. The nose joint members 21 are made of steel, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy. The nose joint members 21 are horizontally installed between the tips of adjacent cantilevers 30. The nose joint members 21 and cantilevers 30 assembled in this way form the framework of the canopy 20. The fascia 22 is attached to the tip of the cantilever 30 and the nose joint 21. The siding 23 is spanned across multiple cantilever beams 30 and fixed to the cantilever beams 30 with screws, brackets, etc. The eaves top board 25 is attached to the underside of the joist 23 and is also attached to the lower end of the fascia board 22. Multiple eaves top boards 25 are allocated to the underside of the eaves 20. The sheathing boards 24 are attached to the upper ends of the cantilever beams 30 via underlayment or the like. Multiple sheathing boards 24 are arranged on the upper surface of the eaves 20. These sheathing boards 24 slope downward from the base end of the cantilever beams 30 to the tip. Decorative materials are attached on top of the sheathing boards 24. If necessary, waterproof underlayment may be provided between the decorative material and the sheathing boards 24. The decorative material may be a steel plate such as an aluminum-zinc alloy-plated steel plate (also known as Galvalume Steel Plate (registered trademark)) or a stainless steel plate. It is also possible to lay a waterproof underlayment on the sheathing boards 24, and then lay a roofing material on top of the underlayment instead of the decorative material.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the cantilever beam 30. The cantilever beam 30 has a base plate 31 , a beam body 32 and a rib plate 33 .

[0028] The base plate 31 is provided in a flat plate shape. The base plate 31 is made of steel, stainless steel, or an aluminum alloy. The base plate 31 is fixed to the side surface of the beam 3 in a vertical position and in surface contact with the side surface of the beam 3.

[0029] The beam body 32 is made of steel, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy. The base end of the beam body 32 is joined to the base plate 31 by welding or the like. The beam body 32 extends horizontally from the base plate 31. The beam body 32 is a channel material having a groove-shaped vertical cross-sectional shape. That is, the beam body 32 has a vertical web, a horizontal upper flange provided at the upper end of the web, and a horizontal lower flange provided at the lower end of the web. The groove shape is also called a U-shape. The beam body 32 may have a vertical cross-sectional shape such as an H-shape, an I-shape, a mountain shape, or a square shape.

[0030] The rib plate 33 is made of steel, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy. The rib plate 33 is joined to the beam body 32 and the base plate 31 by welding or the like at the inside corner between the upper surface of the beam body 32 and the base plate 31. The rib plate 33 stands upright relative to the upper surface of the beam body 32 and the base plate 31. Note that the rib plate 33 does not necessarily have to be provided on the cantilever beam 30.

[0031] The joining structure for joining the cantilever beam 30 to the beam 3 will now be described in detail. The joint structure includes a base plate 31 , an anchor bolt 40 , a fixing portion 41 , a nut 50 and an embedded plate 60 .

[0032] The flat embedded plate 60 is embedded vertically in the concrete of the beam 3, and the surface of the embedded plate 60 is exposed from the concrete of the beam 3. The surface of the embedded plate 60 is flush with the surface of the concrete on the side of the beam 3.

[0033] The anchor bolt 40 is embedded in the concrete of the beam 3 in a horizontal position. The anchor bolt 40 protrudes from the concrete of the beam 3, penetrates the embedding plate 60, and protrudes laterally from the surface of the embedding plate 60. An anchoring portion 41 is provided at the end of the anchor bolt 40 embedded in the concrete of the beam 3. The anchoring portion 41 is an anchoring plate, and the anchoring portion 41 is fixed to the end of the anchor bolt 40 with a nut. The anchoring portion 41 anchors the anchor bolt 40 to the concrete of the beam 3. Note that the anchoring portion 41 is not limited to an anchoring plate as long as the size of the anchoring portion 41 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor bolt 40 is larger than the diameter of the anchor bolt 40. For example, a nut, an umbrella flange, a J-shaped hook, an L-shaped hook, or the like may be used as the anchoring portion 41 instead of the anchoring plate. The anchoring portion 41 may be integrally formed with the anchor bolt 40 or may be assembled to the anchor bolt 40.

[0034] The flat base plate 31 is in surface contact with the embedded plate 60. Anchor bolts pass through the base plate 31, and nuts 50 are fastened to the anchor bolts 40, so that the base plate 31 is fastened to the embedded plate 60 by the nuts 50.

[0035] Although the cantilever beam 30 is used as the framework of the canopy 20, the cantilever beam 30 may also be used as the framework of a cantilevered roof.

[0036] The method of installing the canopy 20 and the cantilever beam 30, that is, the method of joining the canopy 20 and the cantilever beam 30, is as follows.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3 , after single or double wall reinforcement is arranged, a pair of wall side formworks 71, 72 are erected parallel to each other on both sides of the wall reinforcement. The wall side formwork 71 is used to hold back concrete on the indoor side of the exterior wall 2. The wall side formwork 72 is used to hold back concrete on the outdoor side of the exterior wall 2. The wall side formwork 72 is higher than the wall side formwork 71, and the upper end of the wall side formwork 72 is located above the upper end of the wall side formwork 71. The wall side formwork 72 is used to hold back not only the concrete of the exterior wall 2, but also the concrete of the beams 3 and rising portions 5. In other words, the upper part of the wall side formwork 72 serves as the side formwork for the beams 3 and rising portions 5. A horizontal square bar 77 is fixed to the inner surface of the upper part of the wall side formwork 72. The square bar 77 is not necessary.

[0038] Next, the bottom formwork 73 is assembled horizontally on the upper end of the wall side formwork 71, and the side formwork 74 is erected on the edge of the bottom formwork 73 parallel to the wall side formwork 72. When assembling the bottom formwork 73, the bottom formwork 73 is extended from the upper end of the wall side formwork 71 in the direction opposite the wall side formwork 72. When assembling the side formwork 74, the distance between the side formwork 74 and the wall side formwork 72 is made wider than the distance between the wall side formwork 71 and the wall side formwork 72. The bottom formwork 73 and the side formwork 74 are used to hold back the concrete of the beam 3. The bottom formwork 73 and the side formwork 74 may be supported by shoring.

[0039] Before or after the assembly of the wall side formworks 71, 72, bottom formwork 73 and side formwork 74, or in parallel with these assembly, shoring is installed from the upper end of the side formwork 74 to the indoor side, and slab formwork 75 is laid horizontally on top of the upper end of the shoring.

[0040] Next, within the area surrounded by the wall side formwork 72, bottom formwork 73, and side formwork 74, the embedding plate 60 is placed against the inner surface of the wall side formwork 72, and multiple anchor bolts 40 are passed through the embedding plate 60 and the wall side formwork 72. Nuts 43 are tightened onto the anchor bolts 40, and the embedding plate 60 is fixed to the wall side formwork 72 by the nuts 43 and anchor bolts 40. Here, since the embedding plate 60 is overlapped on the wall side formwork 72, its thickness increases, which stabilizes the posture of the anchor bolts 40 and improves their levelness.

[0041] Next, beam reinforcement is arranged in the area surrounded by the wall side formwork 72, bottom formwork 73, and side formwork 74, and rising reinforcement is arranged on top of the beam reinforcement. Furthermore, single or double slab reinforcement is arranged on top of the slab formwork 75. At this time, the slab reinforcement is extended to the area surrounded by the wall side formwork 72, bottom formwork 73, and side formwork 74, and if necessary, the slab reinforcement is bent to extend to the area between the wall side formworks 71 and 72.

[0042] Next, a floating formwork 76 is placed at a position above and away from the side formwork 74. At this time, the floating formwork 76 is supported by supports on the wall side formwork 72, or supports are placed between the floating formwork 76 and the slab formwork 75 and the floating formwork 76 is supported by the supports. Anchors for fixing the foundation 6 and the exterior wall 7 are placed between the floating formwork 76 and the wall side formwork 72.

[0043] After the above-described formwork assembly and reinforcement processes, fresh concrete 80 is poured as shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, fresh concrete 80 is poured between the wall side formwork 71 and the wall side formwork 72, and the wall reinforcement is embedded in the fresh concrete 80. Fresh concrete 80 is poured into the area surrounded by the wall side formwork 72, the bottom formwork 73, and the side formwork 74, and the lower part of the embedding plate 60, the lower anchor bolt 40, and the lower part of the beam reinforcement are embedded in the fresh concrete 80. Fresh concrete 80 is poured onto the slab formwork 75 up to the level of the lower end of the floating formwork 76, and the upper part of the embedding plate 60, the upper anchor bolt 40, the upper part of the beam reinforcement, the lower part of the rising reinforcement, and the slab reinforcement are embedded in the fresh concrete 80. Fresh concrete 80 is poured up to the level of the upper ends of the floating formwork 76 and the square bars 77, and the upper part of the rising reinforcement and the lower part of the anchor are embedded in the fresh concrete 80. During or after pouring the ready-mixed concrete 80, the ready-mixed concrete 80 is compacted as necessary to make the ready-mixed concrete 80 dense.

[0044] Thereafter, a demolding process is carried out, that is, the forms 71 to 76 are dismantled and peeled off from the concrete, exposing the surface of the embedding plate 60 as shown in FIG.

[0045] Next, as shown in FIG. 6 , the base plate 31 of the cantilever beam 30 is fixed to the embedding plate 60 with nuts 50 and anchor bolts 40. Specifically, the anchor bolts 40 are passed through holes formed in the base plate 31, allowing the anchor bolts 40 to penetrate the base plate 31, and the base plate 31 is brought into surface contact with the surface of the embedding plate 60. The nuts 50 are then tightened onto the anchor bolts 40, and the base plate 31 is fastened to the embedding plate 60 by the nuts 50. Because the anchor bolts 40 are highly level, the cantilever beam 30 can be attached with high precision. Note that the nuts 43 used to secure the anchor bolts 40 and the embedding plate 60 to the wall side formwork 72 may be used instead of the nuts 50.

[0046] Next, the nose joint material 21, the fascia board 22, the joist 23, the eaves board 25, the underlayment material and the roof material are installed on the cantilever beam 30. With the above steps, the canopy 20 is completed.

[0047] As described above, the base plate 31 comes into surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate 60, and the base plate 31 is fastened to the embedded plate 60 by the nut 50, so that the eave 20 can be stably attached to the beam 3 even if unevenness occurs on the side of the beam 3.

[0048] The surface of the embedded plate 60 is flush with the side surface of the beam 3, which enhances the sense of unity between the embedded plate 60 and the beam 3. The base plate 31 is close to the side surface of the beam 3, which enhances the sense of unity between the eaves 20 and the beam 3 and also allows the eaves 20 to be stably attached to the beam 3.

[0049] Typically, the width of the beam 3 is greater than the thickness of the exterior wall 2, so the embedded length of the anchor bolt 40 is longer. This improves the fixation of the anchor bolt 40 and also allows the eaves 20 to be stably attached to the beam 3.

[0050] Since the embedded plate 60 and the base plate 31 are flat, the attachment of the base plate 31 to the embedded plate 60 is stable, and the eave 20 is therefore attached to the beam 3 in a stable manner.

[0051] Wood is used as part of the material for the eaves 20. The energy used from production to disposal and discarding of wood is less than the energy used from production to disposal and discarding of metal or concrete materials. Therefore, the eaves 20 contributes to the realization of a decarbonized society by promoting carbon neutrality, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions to virtually zero, and to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

[0052] The above-disclosed embodiments have been made for the purposes of illustration and example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which should be interpreted by the terms of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0053] 3 beams 20 Eaves 30 Cantilever beam 31 Base Plate 40 anchor bolts 50 nuts 60 Recessed Plate 72 Wall side formwork 80 Ready-mix concrete

Claims

1. an embedded plate that is embedded in a side surface of a reinforced concrete skeleton and has a surface that is exposed on the side surface of the skeleton; An anchor bolt embedded in the skeleton, protruding from the skeleton, and penetrating the embedded plate; a base plate provided at the end of the eaves or beam, in surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate, and through which the anchor bolt passes; a nut fastened to the anchor bolt to fasten the base plate to the embedding plate; A joining structure comprising:

2. The surface of the embedding plate is flush with the side surface of the body. The joining structure according to claim 1 .

3. The embedding plate and the anchor bolt are embedded in a beam of the skeleton. The joint structure according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The embedding plate is placed on the inner surface of the side formwork, and the anchor bolt is passed through the embedding plate and the side formwork. Pour concrete inside the side formwork, After the concrete has hardened, the side formwork is peeled off from the concrete to expose the surface of the embedding plate; The anchor bolt is passed through a base plate provided at the end of the eaves or beam, and the base plate is brought into surface contact with the surface of the embedded plate; A nut is fastened to the anchor bolt, and the base plate is fastened to the embedding plate by the nut. A joining method characterized by:

5. The embedded plate and the base plate are provided in a flat plate shape.

5. The joining method according to claim 4.

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