Endoscopy

Abstract

The endoscope includes a knob device (200), a braking device (300), and a bending section (800). The knob device (200) includes a first wire pulling wheel (210) and a second wire pulling wheel (220) rotatably mounted within a housing (100), and a first knob (230) and a second knob (240) located outside the housing (100). A first through hole (211) is formed in the first wire pulling wheel (210), the second wire pulling wheel (220) extends outside the housing (100) through the first through hole (211), the first knob (230) is fitted onto the first wire pulling wheel (210), and the second knob (240) is provided so as to overlap the first knob (230) and is fitted onto the second wire pulling wheel (220). The braking device (300) includes a first braking assembly (310) and a second braking assembly (320). The first braking assembly (310) is provided between the first knob (230) and the housing (100) and is used to brake the first knob (230) or the first wire pulling wheel (210). The second braking assembly (320) is provided on the opposite side of the second knob (240) from the first knob (230) and is used to brake the second knob (240) or the second wire pulling wheel (220). This endoscope has a more compact structure, a more rational arrangement, and is advantageous in terms of convenience in operation and improved reliability in operation.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to endoscopes. [Background technology]

[0002] Endoscopes are inspection instruments that integrate traditional optics, ergonomics, precision machinery, modern electronics, mathematics, and software. They include image sensors, optical lenses, illumination sources, and mechanical devices. They are important auxiliary medical devices for detecting pathological changes in internal organs of the human body and are widely used in various surgical procedures. Currently, most endoscopes are reusable and must be sterilized after each use through a strict disinfection process. A conventional endoscope includes a handle, an insertion tube, a bending section, a tip section, and a body.

[0003] In order to expand the observation range, the bending section can be controlled to bend in four directions by the knob device, thereby realizing four-directional observation of the endoscope. However, the overall structure of the conventional endoscope is not rationally arranged, and the operation is not sufficiently convenient when controlling the bending of the bending section and braking the knob device due to the defects in the structural design of the endoscope. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an endoscope with a reasonable structural layout and convenient operation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The endoscope includes a housing, a knob device, a braking device, and a bending portion. The housing is provided with a first mounting hole that communicates the inside and outside of the housing. The knob device includes a first wire pulling wheel and a second wire pulling wheel rotatably mounted in the housing, and a first knob and a second knob located outside the housing. The first wire pulling wheel extends outside the housing through the first mounting hole. A first through hole is drilled in the first wire pulling wheel. The second wire pulling wheel extends outside the housing through the first through hole. The first knob is fitted onto the first wire pulling wheel. is provided on top of the first knob and fitted onto the second wire-pulling wheel, the braking device includes a first braking assembly and a second braking assembly, the first braking assembly is provided between the first wire-pulling wheel and the housing and is used to brake the first knob or the first wire-pulling wheel, the second braking assembly is provided on the opposite side of the second knob from the first knob and is used to brake the second knob or the second wire-pulling wheel, and the curved portion is located outside the housing and is connected to the first wire-pulling wheel and the second wire-pulling wheel, respectively, by a traction wire.

[0006] When the above-described endoscope is used, rotating the first knob drives the first wire pulling wheel to rotate within the housing. The first wire pulling wheel rotates and pulls one side of the bending section via the pull wire, causing bending in the up-down direction. To lock the bending section at a specific angle, the first brake assembly brakes the first wire pulling wheel or the first knob, thereby releasing the tension on the pull wire, and the bending section maintains its bending state at the specific angle. Similarly, rotating the second knob drives the second wire pulling wheel to rotate within the housing, which rotates and pulls one side of the bending section via the pull wire, causing bending in the left-right direction. To lock the bending section at a specific angle, the second brake assembly brakes the second wire pulling wheel or the second knob, thereby releasing the tension on the pull wire, and the bending section maintains its bending state at the specific angle. In this way, the first knob, second knob, first brake assembly, and second brake assembly enable stable control of bending of the bending section in four directions, improving operational stability. Furthermore, in terms of the structural layout, the second wire pulling wheel passes through the first through-hole and penetrates the first wire pulling wheel, the first knob and the second knob are stacked outside the housing, the first braking assembly is located between the first wire pulling wheel and the housing, and the second braking assembly is located on the opposite side of the second knob from the first knob. This arrangement makes the endoscope structure more compact and the layout more reasonable. During operation, it is convenient for the operator to accurately and quickly distinguish between up-down bending and left-right bending of the bending section, making operation more convenient and advantageous for operational reliability.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first brake assembly includes a first fixed frame, a first brake button, and at least two first brake members slidably mounted on the first fixed frame, the first fixed frame being positioned on the housing, the first brake button being externally fitted to the first fixed frame, and the first brake button being capable of driving and sliding the first brake members to hold the first knob or the first wire pulling wheel when rotated.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first fixed frame has a first actuating cavity through which the first wire pulling wheel is inserted, the first knob is inserted into the first actuating cavity and fitted onto the first wire pulling wheel, and when the first brake button is rotated, it can drive the first brake member to be inserted into the first actuating cavity and hold the first knob.

[0009] In one embodiment, the knob device further includes a first holder disposed within the housing, the second wire pulling wheel has a second through hole drilled therein, the first holder extends outside the housing through the second through hole, and the second brake assembly is attached to the first holder.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second brake assembly includes a second fixed frame, a second brake button, and at least two second brake members slidably mounted on the second fixed frame, the second fixed frame is positioned on the first holder, the second brake button is externally fitted to the second fixed frame, and when the second brake button is rotated, it can drive and slide the second brake members to hold the second knob or the second wire pulling wheel.

[0011] In one embodiment, a first fixing hole is drilled in the first holder, a second fixing hole corresponding to the first fixing hole is provided in the second brake button, and a fastening member is inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole, so that the second brake button is rotatably attached to the first holder.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second knob is provided with a brake ring, the second fixed frame is provided with a second actuating cavity through which the brake ring is inserted, and when the second brake button is rotated, it can drive the second brake member to be inserted into the second actuating cavity and hold the brake ring.

[0013] In one embodiment, the endoscope includes an air / water supply valve and a tip portion provided at the bending portion, the air / water supply valve is mounted within the housing, a first insertion portion is provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the air / water supply valve is provided with a second insertion portion that is inserted and fitted into the first insertion portion.

[0014] In one embodiment, the endoscope further includes a negative pressure valve, the negative pressure valve being mounted within the housing, the inner wall of the housing being provided with a third insertion portion, and the negative pressure valve being provided with a fourth insertion portion that is inserted and fitted into the third insertion portion.

[0015] In one embodiment, the endoscope further includes a three-way valve, wherein a fifth insertion portion is provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the three-way valve is provided with a sixth insertion portion that is inserted and fitted into the fifth insertion portion, and the three-way valve is provided with a first end port, a second end port, and a third end port that communicate with each other, the first end port communicating with the negative pressure valve, the second end port used to communicate with an instrument passage valve, and the third end port used to communicate with an instrument passage at the tip. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their explanations are used to interpret the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation on the present invention. In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings from these drawings without any creative work. [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an endoscope according to an embodiment; [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view 1 of an internal structure of an endoscope according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] 2 is a cross-sectional view 2 of the structure of the handle of the endoscope according to one embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the circled portion A in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] 1 is an exploded schematic view of an endoscope according to an embodiment; [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first wire-pulling wheel according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] 1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a first knob according to an embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of a first knob according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] 1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a second holder according to an embodiment. [Figure 10] 2 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of a second holder according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a second wire-pulling wheel according to an embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of a second wire-pulling wheel according to an embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a second knob according to an embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of a second knob according to an embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a first brake assembly according to one embodiment at one viewing angle. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a first brake assembly according to one embodiment at a different viewing angle. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first fixing frame according to an embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first braking member according to an embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a second brake assembly according to one embodiment at one viewing angle. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a second brake assembly according to one embodiment at a different viewing angle. [Figure 21] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a second fixing frame according to an embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a second braking member according to an embodiment. [Figure 23] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first housing according to an embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the circled B portion in FIG. 23. [Figure 25] FIG. 24 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the circle D in FIG. 23. [Figure 26] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a second housing according to an embodiment. [Figure 27] FIG. 27 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at the circle C in FIG. 26. [Figure 28] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an air and water supply valve according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 29] 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of an air and water supply valve according to an embodiment. [Figure 30] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a negative pressure valve according to an embodiment; [Figure 31] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structure of a negative pressure valve according to an embodiment. [Figure 32] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a three-way valve according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, many specific details will be set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be embodied in many other forms different from the embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art will be able to make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific examples disclosed below.

[0018] 1, 2, 3, and 4, an endoscope includes a housing 100, a knob device 200, a braking device 300, and a bending section 800. The housing 100 is provided with a first mounting hole 111 that communicates between the inside and outside of the housing 100. The knob device 200 includes a first wire pulling wheel 210 and a second wire pulling wheel 220 that are rotatably mounted within the housing 100, and a first knob 230 and a second knob 240 that are located outside the housing 100. The first wire pulling wheel 210 extends outside the housing 100 through the first mounting hole 111, and a first through-hole 211 is formed in the first wire pulling wheel 210. The second wire pulling wheel 220 extends outside the housing 100 through the first through-hole 211, the first knob 230 is fitted onto the first wire pulling wheel 210, and the second knob 240 is placed on top of the first knob 230 and fitted onto the second wire pulling wheel 220. The braking device 300 includes a first braking assembly 310 and a second braking assembly 320. The first braking assembly 310 is placed between the first wire pulling wheel 210 and the housing 100 and is used to brake the first knob 230 or the first wire pulling wheel 210. The second braking assembly 320 is placed on the opposite side of the second knob 240 from the first knob 230 and is used to brake the second knob 240 or the second wire pulling wheel 220. The curved portion 800 is located outside the housing 100 and is connected to the first wire pulling wheel 210 and the second wire pulling wheel 220 by traction wires, respectively.

[0019] When the above-described endoscope is in use, rotating the first knob 230 drives the first wire pulling wheel 210 to rotate within the housing 100. The first wire pulling wheel 210 rotates and pulls one side of the bending portion 800 via the pull wire, causing it to bend in the up-down direction. To fix the bending portion 800 at a specific angle, the first brake assembly 310 brakes the first wire pulling wheel 210 or the first knob 230, thereby removing tension from the pull wire, and the bending portion 800 maintains its bent state at the specific angle. Similarly, rotating the second knob 240 drives the second wire pulling wheel 220 to rotate within the housing 100. The second wire pulling wheel 220 rotates and pulls one side of the bending portion 800 via the pull wire, causing it to bend in the left-right direction. To fix the bending portion 800 at a specific angle, the second brake assembly 320 brakes the second wire pulling wheel 220 or the second knob 240, thereby removing tension from the pulling wire, and the bending portion 800 maintains its bending state at the specific angle. In this way, the first knob 230, the second knob 240, the first brake assembly 310, and the second brake assembly 320 stably control the bending of the bending portion 800 in four directions, improving operational stability. In terms of the structural arrangement, the second wire pulling wheel 220 penetrates the first wire pulling wheel 210 through the first through-hole 211, the first knob 230 and the second knob 240 are stacked outside the housing 100, the first brake assembly 310 is located between the first wire pulling wheel 210 and the housing 100, and the second brake assembly 320 is located on the opposite side of the second knob 240 from the first knob 230. By installing it in this manner, the structure of the endoscope becomes more compact, the arrangement is more rational, and it is convenient for the operator to accurately and quickly distinguish between the up-down bending and the left-right bending of the bending portion 800 during operation, which makes operation more convenient and advantageous for the reliability of operation.

[0020] 5 and 15 , the first brake assembly 310 includes a first fixed frame 311, a first brake button 313, and at least two first brake members 312 slidably mounted on the first fixed frame 311. The first fixed frame 311 is positioned in the housing 100, and the first brake button 313 is fitted to the outside of the first fixed frame 311. When the first brake button 313 is rotated, it drives the first brake members 312 to slide and hold the first knob 230 or the first wire pulling wheel 210. Thus, when braking the first wire pulling wheel 210, the first brake button 313 is rotated by a preset angle to drive the at least two first brake members 312 to slide and hold the first knob 230 or the first wire pulling wheel 210, preventing the first wire pulling wheel 210 from rotating and continuing to bend the bending portion 800.

[0021] The "preset angle" is understood as an angle at which, when the first wire-pulling wheel 210 needs to be braked, the first brake button 313 rotates a certain angle clockwise or counterclockwise around the rotation axis, causing the first brake button 313 to drive and move the first brake member 312. The angle can take any angle value between 0° (excluding 0°) and 360° (excluding 360°).

[0022] 4 and 15, the first fixed frame 311 is provided with a first actuating cavity 3111. The first knob 230 is inserted into the first actuating cavity 3111 and fitted onto the first wire-pulling wheel 210. When the first brake button 313 is rotated, it drives the first brake member 312 to be inserted into the first actuating cavity 3111 and hold the first knob 230. In this way, the first actuating cavity 3111 realizes the connection between the first knob 230 and the first wire-pulling wheel 210.

[0023] 4 and 15, in one embodiment, the first fixed frame 311 is provided with at least two first slide grooves 3112 spaced apart around the first operating cavity 3111. One end of each first slide groove 3112 is connected to the first operating cavity 3111 and the other end is connected to the outside of the first fixed frame 311. Each first braking member 312 is slidably mounted in each first slide groove 3112 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the first braking member 312 extends through the first slide groove 3112 to the outside of the first fixed frame 311. At least two first pushing portions 3133 are provided on the inner wall of the first braking button 313 at intervals. When the first brake button 313 rotates to a preset angle, each first pressing portion 3133 corresponds to one another and presses each first brake member 312, moving it toward the first operating cavity 3111 and holding the first knob 230.

[0024] This allows the first braking members 312 to be slidably disposed in the first sliding grooves 3112 in a one-to-one correspondence, and ensures that the first braking members 312 extend through the first sliding grooves 3112 to the outside of the first fixed frame 311. When the first braking button 313 fitted on the outside of the first fixed frame 311 rotates to a predetermined angle, the first pushing portion 3133 on the inner wall thereof comes into contact with the first braking members 312 and pushes the first braking members 312 into the first sliding grooves 3112. Because the first sliding grooves 3112 communicate with the first operating cavities 3111, the first braking members 312 are pushed by the first pushing portion 3133 and inserted into the first operating cavities 3111, ultimately holding the first knob 230 and braking the first wire-pulling wheel 210. In this way, the cooperative structure of the first braking member 312 and the first braking button 313 allows the first braking member 312 to be directly driven to move into the first sliding groove 3112 during the braking process, thereby achieving braking of the first wire pulling wheel 210. The structural design is ingenious and simple, the transmission of braking force is direct and effective, and the braking effect of the knob is better.

[0025] 4 and 15, the first brake button 313 includes a first button body 3131 and a first ring sleeve 3132 attached to the first button body 3131. The first ring sleeve 3132 is fitted onto the outside of the first fixed frame 311, and the first pushing portion 3133 is attached to the inner wall of the first ring sleeve 3132. When the first ring sleeve 3132 is driven to rotate out of the first fixed frame 311, the first pushing portion 3133 on the inner wall comes into contact with the extending portion of the first brake member 312 and pushes and moves the first brake member 312.

[0026] Optionally, the connection method of the first pushing portion 3133 with the first ring sleeve 3132 may be, but is not limited to, a bolt connection, a threaded sleeve connection, a fastening, a welding, a rivet connection, a pin connection, an integral molding method, etc.

[0027] Further, referring to Figures 4 and 15, the first pushing portion 3133 is formed by the inner wall of the first ring sleeve 3132 protruding toward the center of the first ring sleeve 3132, that is, the first pushing portion 3133 and the first ring sleeve 3132 have an integral structure, which makes its manufacture more convenient.

[0028] 15, there are three first pushing portions 3133, three first braking members 312, and three first slide grooves 3112. The three first slide grooves 3112 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first operating cavity 3111. The three first pushing portions 3133 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first ring sleeve 3132.

[0029] 15, in one embodiment, the first brake button 313 is provided with a first toggle portion 3134. The first toggle portion 3134 protrudes and extends along the radial direction of the first brake button 313, which makes it convenient for an operator to drive and rotate the first brake button 313, and improves the operability of the product.

[0030] 5 and 16, in one embodiment, the first fixed frame 311 is provided with a first positioning portion 3113. The first positioning portion 3113 is positioned and fitted with the second positioning portion 121 of the housing 100, thereby restricting the rotation of the first fixed frame 311 according to the first knob 230. In this way, by fitting the first positioning portion 3113 with the second positioning portion 121, the first fixed frame 311 is in a relatively fixed state, and it is convenient for the first braking member 312 to hold the first knob 230.

[0031] Alternatively, the first positioning portion 3113 is a convex structure and the second positioning portion 121 is a hole or groove structure, or the first positioning portion 3113 is a hole or groove structure and the second positioning portion 121 is a convex structure.

[0032] Specifically, referring to FIGS. 5 and 16, the first positioning portion 3113 is a positioning groove in the first fixing frame 311, and the second positioning portion 121 is a positioning protrusion.

[0033] 17, there are a plurality of first positioning portions 3113. The plurality of first positioning portions 3113 are arranged at intervals around the first operating cavity 3111. In this manner, the engagement between the plurality of first positioning portions 3113 and the plurality of second positioning portions 121 provides a more effective restriction on rotation of the first fixed frame 311.

[0034] 5 and 16, in one embodiment, the first brake button 313 is provided with an arched groove 3135. The arched groove 3135 is provided around the first actuation cavity 3111, and the arched groove 3135 fits into the position limiting post 120 on the housing 100, thereby limiting the rotation range of the first brake button 313. In this way, the first arched groove 3135 effectively limits the rotation range of the first brake button 313, preventing it from rotating excessively and losing structural stability.

[0035] 4, 6, and 11, the knob device 200 further includes a first holder 260 disposed within the housing 100. The second wire pulling wheel 220 has a second through-hole 221 formed therein. The first holder 260 extends through the second through-hole 221 to the outside of the housing 100. The second brake assembly 320 is attached to the first holder 260. In this manner, the first holder 260 allows the second brake assembly 320 to stably brake the second knob 240 or the second wire pulling wheel 220.

[0036] 5 and 19, the second brake assembly 320 includes a second fixed frame 321, a second brake button 323, and at least two second brake members 322 slidably mounted on the second fixed frame 321. The second fixed frame 321 is positioned in the first holder 260. The second brake button 323 is fitted to the outside of the second fixed frame 321. When the second brake button 323 rotates, it pushes and slides the second brake members 322 to hold the second knob 240 or the second wire pulling wheel 220. Thus, when braking the second wire pulling wheel 220, the second brake button 323 is rotated by a predetermined angle to drive and slide the at least two second brake members 322, holding the second knob 240 or the second wire pulling wheel 220, preventing the second wire pulling wheel 220 from rotating and continuing to bend the bending portion 800.

[0037] The "preset angle" is understood to be an angle at which, when it is necessary to brake the second wire-pulling wheel 220, the second brake button 323 rotates a certain angle clockwise or counterclockwise around the rotation axis, causing the second brake button 323 to push and move the second brake member 322. The angle can take any angle value between 0° (excluding 0°) and 360° (excluding 360°).

[0038] 4 , the first holder 260 is provided with a first fixing hole 262. The second brake button 323 is provided with a second fixing hole 3236 corresponding to the first fixing hole 262. A fastening member 700 is inserted through the first fixing hole 262 and the second fixing hole 3236, thereby rotatably mounting the second brake button 323 to the first holder 260. In this manner, the fastening member 700 and the first holder 260 not only ensure that the second brake button 323 is stably mounted to the first holder 260, but also ensure that the second brake button 323 can rotate relative to the second fixing frame 321, thereby braking the second wire-pulling wheel 220.

[0039] Furthermore, when the fastening member 700 fixes the second brake button 323, there is no need to lock the first holder 260 and the second brake button 323, and it is necessary to ensure a certain gap between the second brake button 323 and the first holder 260 so that it can rotate, provided that it can be guaranteed that the second brake button 323 will not fall off the first holder 260.

[0040] 4 and 5, in one embodiment, the second knob 240 is provided with a brake ring 245. The second fixed frame 321 is provided with a second actuation cavity 3211 through which the brake ring 245 is inserted. When the second brake button 323 is rotated, it pushes the second brake member 322 to insert into the second actuation cavity 3211 and hold the brake ring 245. In this way, by providing the brake ring 245 on the second knob 240, the second brake member 322 can conveniently and stably hold the second knob 240, thereby achieving stable braking.

[0041] 4 and 13, a mounting groove 243 into which a second brake button 323 is fitted is provided on the opposite side of the second knob 240 from the first knob 230. A first protrusion 233 is provided on the groove wall of the mounting groove 243. The first protrusion 233 is provided around the second wire pulling wheel 220. A brake ring 245 is fitted onto the first protrusion 233, and thus the brake ring 245 is stably attached, and the second brake assembly 320 stably brakes the rotation of the second knob 240, fixing the bending angle of the bending portion 800, which makes it convenient for the operator to observe an image at a specific angle.

[0042] 5 and 21, in one embodiment, the second fixed frame 321 is provided with a third positioning portion 3213. The third positioning portion 3213 is positioned and fitted with the fourth positioning portion 261 of the first holder 260, and limits the rotation of the second fixed frame 321 relative to the second knob 240. In this way, due to the fitting of the third positioning portion 3213 with the fourth positioning portion 261, the second fixed frame 321 is in a relatively fixed state, and the second braking member 322 holds the second knob 240.

[0043] Alternatively, the third positioning portion 3213 may be a convex structure and the fourth positioning portion 261 may be a hole or groove structure, or the third positioning portion 3213 may be a hole or groove structure and the fourth positioning portion 261 may be a convex structure. Specifically, referring to Figures 5 and 21, the third positioning portion 3213 is a positioning protrusion on the second fixing frame 321. The fourth positioning portion 261 is a positioning groove.

[0044] 21, there are multiple third positioning portions 3213. The multiple third positioning portions 3213 are arranged at intervals around the second operating cavity 3211. In this manner, the engagement between the multiple third positioning portions 3213 and the multiple fourth positioning portions 261 provides a more effective restriction effect on the rotation of the second fixed frame 321.

[0045] 19 and 20, in one embodiment, the second fixed frame 321 is provided with at least two second slide grooves 3212 spaced apart around the second actuating cavity 3211. One end of each second slide groove 3212 is connected to the second actuating cavity 3211, and the other end is connected to the outside of the second fixed frame 321. The second braking members 322 are slidably mounted in the second slide grooves 3212 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second braking members 322 extend through the second slide grooves 3212 to the outside of the second fixed frame 321. At least two second pushing portions 3233 are provided on the inner wall of the second brake button 323 at intervals. When the second brake button 323 rotates to a preset angle, each second pushing portion 3233 corresponds to each second brake member 322 and pushes it toward the second operating cavity 3211, thereby holding the second knob 240.

[0046] This allows the second braking members 322 to be slidably disposed in the second sliding grooves 3212 in a one-to-one correspondence, and ensures that the second braking members 322 extend through the second sliding grooves 3212 to the outside of the second fixed frame 321. When the second braking button 323 fitted to the second fixed frame 321 rotates to a predetermined angle, the second pushing portion 3233 on the inner wall thereof contacts the second braking member 322 and pushes the second braking member 322 into the second sliding groove 3212. Because the second sliding groove 3212 communicates with the second operating cavity 3211, the second braking members 322 are pushed by the second pushing portion 3233 and inserted into the second operating cavity 3211, ultimately holding the second knob 240 and braking the second wire-pulling wheel 220. In this way, the cooperative structure of the second braking member 322 and the second braking button 323 directly drives the second braking member 322 to move into the second sliding groove 3212 during the braking process, thereby realizing the braking of the second wire pulling wheel 220. The structural design is clever and simple, the braking force is transmitted directly and effectively, and the braking effect of the knob is better.

[0047] 4 and 19, the second brake button 323 includes a second button body 3231 and a second ring sleeve 3232 provided on the second button body 3231. The second ring sleeve 3232 is fitted onto the outside of the second fixed frame 321, and the second pushing portion 3233 is provided on the inner wall of the second ring sleeve 3232. In this way, when the second ring sleeve 3232 is driven to rotate out of the second fixed frame 321, the second pushing portion 3233 on the inner wall comes into contact with the extending portion of the second brake member 322 and pushes and moves the second brake member 322.

[0048] Optionally, the connection method of the second pushing portion 3233 with the second ring sleeve 3232 may be, but is not limited to, bolt connection, threaded sleeve connection, fastening, welding, rivet connection, pin connection, integral molding method, etc.

[0049] Further, referring to FIG. 19, the second pushing portion 3233 is formed by the inner wall of the second ring sleeve 3232 protruding toward the center of the second ring sleeve 3232, that is, the second pushing portion 3233 and the second ring sleeve 3232 are an integral structure, thus making it easier to manufacture.

[0050] Specifically, there are three second pushing portions 3233, three second braking members 322, and three second slide grooves 3212. The three second slide grooves 3212 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second operating cavity 3211. The three second pushing portions 3233 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second ring sleeve 3232.

[0051] 20, in one embodiment, the second brake button 323 is provided with a second toggle portion 3234. The second toggle portion 3234 protrudes and extends along the radial direction of the second brake button 323, which makes it convenient for an operator to drive and rotate the second brake button 323 and improves the operability of the product.

[0052] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 19 and 20, a first position limiting block 3235 is provided on the inner wall of the second brake button 323, and a second position limiting block 3214 is provided on the outer wall of the second fixed frame 321, and the first position limiting block 3235 and the second position limiting block 3214 cooperate to limit the rotation range of the second brake button 323.

[0053] 17 , in one embodiment, the first sliding groove 3112 and the second sliding groove 3212 each include a first groove section 31121, a second groove section 31122, and a third groove section 31123, which are sequentially connected to each other. The first groove section 31121 is connected to the first operating cavity 3111 or the second operating cavity 3211. The third groove section 31123 is used to connect to the outside of the first fixed frame 311 or the second fixed frame 321, and the first braking member 312 or the second braking member 322 is slidably mounted in the second groove section 31122, and one end of the first braking member 312 or the second braking member 322 extends into the first groove section 31121 and the other end extends to the outside of the corresponding fixed frame through the third groove section 31123. In this embodiment, the first sliding groove 3112 and the second sliding groove 3212 are designed in a three-stage structure. Before braking, one end of the first braking member 312 or the second braking member 322 passes through the third groove section 31123 and extends outside the corresponding fixed frame. During braking, the first braking member 312 or the second braking member 322 is pushed, and the other end is inserted into the first operating cavity 3111 or the second operating cavity 3211 through the first groove section 31121 to hold the first knob 230 or the second knob 240.

[0054] 18 and 22, the first braking member 312 and the second braking member 322 each include a main body 3121, and a retaining portion 3122 and a transmission portion 3123, which are respectively provided on opposite ends of the main body 3121. The retaining portion 3122 is located within the first groove section 31121. The transmission portion 3123 is located within the third groove section 31123 and partially extends outside the first fixing frame 311 or the second fixing frame 321. Stopper walls 31124 are provided between the first groove section 31121 and the second groove section 31122, and between the second groove section 31122 and the third groove section 31123. The main body 3121 is slidably mounted within the second groove section 31122 and is fitted with stopper walls 31124 between the first groove section 31121 and the second groove section 31122 and between the second groove section 31122 and the third groove section 31123, respectively. During the fitting process, when the main body 3121 is fitted with the stopper wall 31124 of the adjacent third groove section 31123, the transmission part 3123 partially extends outside the fixed frame through the third groove section 31123. When the main body 3121 is fitted with the stopper wall 31124 of the adjacent first groove section 31121, the holding part 3122 is inserted into the operating cavity through the first groove section 31121. In this way, the stopper walls 31124 between the first groove section 31121 and the second groove section 31122, and between the second groove section 31122 and the third groove section 31123, limit the movement stroke of the main body 3121 within the second groove section 31122, thereby preventing the first braking member 312 or the second braking member 322 from slipping and causing damage to the braking device 300, while still achieving effective braking.

[0055] Alternatively, the connection manner of the holding part 3122 and the transmission part 3123 with the main body 3121 may be, but is not limited to, bolt connection, threaded sleeve connection, fastening, welding, rivet connection, pin connection, integral molding, etc. Furthermore, the integral molding method should be understood to be injection molding, extrusion molding, die casting, etc.

[0056] Specifically, referring to Figures 18 and 22, the transmission part 3123, the main body part 3121 and the holding part 3122 are of an integrated structure, which is not only advantageous in simplifying the manufacturing process but also in ensuring the structural stability of the first braking member 312 or the second braking member 322.

[0057] Naturally, when the first braking member 312 and the second braking member 322 are both integrally formed, there are a variety of external shape designs, such as a mountain-shaped design, but this is not particularly limited in this embodiment.

[0058] 17 , in one embodiment, the width W1 of the first groove section 31121 and the width W3 of the third groove section 31123 are both smaller than the width W2 of the second groove section 31122, thereby forming stop walls 31124 between the first groove section 31121 and the third groove section 31123 and the second groove section 31122, respectively. The width W4 of the holding portion 3122 and the width W6 of the transmission portion 3123 are both smaller than the width W5 of the main body 3121. As a result, during the braking process, the stop walls 31124 are formed on both sides by utilizing the difference in width between the second groove section 31122 and the first groove section 31121 and the third groove section 31123, respectively, to stably restrict the main body 3121 as it moves back and forth within the second groove section 31122, ensuring a more stable braking structure.

[0059] The first groove section 31121 is provided in the middle of the second groove section 31122, and two stopper walls 31124 can be formed by utilizing the difference in width between the first groove section 31121 and the second groove section 31122. Naturally, one stopper wall 31124 can be formed even if the first groove section 31121 is not provided in the middle of the second groove section 31122. Similarly, the third groove section 31123 is provided in the middle of the second groove section 31122, and two stopper walls 31124 can be formed by utilizing the difference in width between the third groove section 31123 and the second groove section 31122. Naturally, one stopper wall 31124 can be formed even if the third groove section 31123 is not provided in the middle of the second groove section 31122.

[0060] 4, 6, and 7, in one embodiment, the first wire pulling wheel 210 has a first fitting portion 212 and a first snap-fit location 213. Both the first fitting portion 212 and the first snap-fit location 213 are located outside the housing 100. The second wire pulling wheel 220 has a second fitting portion 222 and a second snap-fit location 223. Both the second fitting portion 222 and the second snap-fit location 223 are located outside the housing 100. The first knob 230 has a third fitting portion 231 and a third snap-fit location 232 that snaps into the first snap-fit location 213. The third fitting portion 231 fits into the first fitting portion 212, allowing the first knob 230 to drive and rotate the first wire pulling wheel 210. The second knob 240 is provided with a fourth fitting portion 241 and a fourth snap-fit portion 242 that snaps into the second snap-fit portion 223. When the fourth fitting portion 241 fits into the second fitting portion 222, the second knob 240 can drive the second wire-pulling wheel 220 to rotate it.

[0061] During assembly, the first wire pulling wheel 210 is rotatably mounted within the housing 100 so as to extend to the outside of the housing 100. The first knob 230 is then fitted onto the portion of the first wire pulling wheel 210 extending outside the housing 100, with the first fitting portion 212 fitting into the third fitting portion 231 and the first snap-fit portion 213 snap-fit into the third snap-fit portion 232, respectively, so that the first wire pulling wheel 210 is stably connected to the first knob 230 and the first wire pulling wheel 210 is stably mounted within the housing 100. Furthermore, the first fitting portion 212 and the third fitting portion 231 act to allow the first knob 230 to drive and rotate the first wire pulling wheel 210, thereby stably controlling the bending of the bending portion 800. Similarly, the second wire pulling wheel 220 is rotatably mounted within the housing 100 so as to extend outside the housing 100 through the first through-hole 211. The second knob 240 is then fitted onto the portion of the second wire pulling wheel 220 extending outside the housing 100, with the second fitting portion 222 fitting into the fourth fitting portion 241 and the second snap-fit portion 223 snap-fit into the fourth snap-fit portion 242, thereby stably connecting the second wire pulling wheel 220 to the second knob 240 and ensuring stable installation of the second wire pulling wheel 220 within the housing 100. Furthermore, due to the action of the second fitting portion 222 and the fourth fitting portion 241, the second knob 240 drives and rotates the second wire pulling wheel 220, thereby stably controlling the bending of the bending portion 800. The overall structure is cleverly designed, and the first knob 230 and the second knob 240 can be installed by simply fitting them together, which makes product assembly easy, is beneficial to improving assembly efficiency, and effectively reduces manufacturing costs.

[0062] Additionally, the first fitting 212 and the third fitting 231 can limit the relative rotation between the first wire pulling wheel 210 and the first knob 230, so that the first knob 230 can drive the first wire pulling wheel 210 to rotate therewith. The structures of the first fitting 212 and the third fitting 231 can be variously designed, for example, the first fitting 212 has a convex structure and the second fitting 222 has a groove or hole structure, or the first fitting 212 has a groove or hole structure and the second fitting 222 has a convex structure, etc.

[0063] Similarly, the second fitting 222 and the fourth fitting 241 can limit the relative rotation between the second wire pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240, so that the second knob 240 can drive the second wire pulling wheel 220 to rotate therewith. The structures of the second fitting 222 and the fourth fitting 241 can be variously designed, for example, the second fitting 222 can be a convex structure and the fourth fitting 241 can be a groove or hole structure, or the second fitting 222 can be a groove or hole structure and the fourth fitting 241 can be a convex structure, etc.

[0064] Furthermore, when the first snap fit portion 213 and the third snap fit portion 232 are mated, the movement of the first wire pulling wheel 210 is restricted, preventing the first wire pulling wheel 210 from falling out of the mounting hole of the housing 100, ensuring that the first wire pulling wheel 210 is stably mounted within the housing 100. Furthermore, when the second snap fit portion 223 is mated with the fourth snap fit portion 242, the movement of the second wire pulling wheel 220 is restricted, preventing the second wire pulling wheel 220 from falling out of the mounting hole of the housing 100, ensuring that the second wire pulling wheel 220 is stably mounted within the housing 100.

[0065] 4 and 9, the knob device 200 further includes a second holder 250 mounted within the housing 100. The second holder 250 is fitted over the second wire pulling wheel 220 and covers the first wire pulling wheel 210. In this manner, the second holder 250 allows the first wire pulling wheel 210 to be stably mounted within the housing 100. The second holder 250 also provides protection for the first wire pulling wheel 210, allowing the pulling wire to be stably wound around the first wire pulling wheel 210.

[0066] Optionally, the connection manner between the second holder 250 and the housing 100 may be, but is not limited to, bolt connection, fastening, riveting, welding, adhesive, etc.

[0067] 4, the knob device 200 further includes a first seal ring 253. The first seal ring 253 is disposed between the second holder 250 and the second wire pulling wheel 220 to improve the sealing performance between the second holder 250 and the second wire pulling wheel 220 and prevent liquid from entering between the second holder 250 and the second wire pulling wheel 220, which could corrode and damage the first wire pulling wheel 210.

[0068] 4, the knob device 200 further includes a second seal ring 217. The second seal ring 217 is disposed between the first wire-pulling wheel 210 and the housing 100, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the knob device 200 and effectively preventing liquid from entering the first wire-pulling wheel 210 from outside the housing 100 through the mounting hole.

[0069] 6, 9, 10, and 12, the second holder 250 is provided with a first position limiter 251 and a second position limiter 252. The first wire pulling wheel 210 is provided with a third position limiter 216. The third position limiter 216 and the first position limiter 251 cooperate to limit the rotation angle of the first wire pulling wheel 210. The second wire pulling wheel 220 is provided with a fourth position limiter 226. The fourth position limiter 226 and the second position limiter 252 cooperate to limit the rotation angle of the second wire pulling wheel 220. Thus, when the first knob 230 drives the first wire pulling wheel 210 to rotate it to a preset angle, the third position limiter 216 and the first position limiter 251 cooperate to limit the further rotation of the first wire pulling wheel 210, thereby preventing the first wire pulling wheel 210 from rotating excessively, which could result in the pulling wire being pulled and broken, and further ensuring the safety of endoscope use. Similarly, when the second knob 240 drives the second wire pulling wheel 220 to rotate it to a preset angle, the fourth position limiter 226 and the second position limiter 252 cooperate to limit the further rotation of the second wire pulling wheel 220, thereby preventing the second wire pulling wheel 220 from rotating excessively, which could result in the pulling wire being pulled and broken, and further ensuring the safety of endoscope use.

[0070] In addition, the first position limiting portion 251, the second position limiting portion 252, the third position limiting portion 216 and the fourth position limiting portion 226 all have a protrusion structure, and the rotation range of the first wire pulling wheel 210 and the second wire pulling wheel 220 is effectively controlled by utilizing the abutment between the protrusion structures.

[0071] 6 and 7, there are at least two first snap-fit locations 213 and at least two third snap-fit locations 232. The at least two first snap-fit locations 213 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the first wire-pulling wheel 210. The at least two third snap-fit locations 232 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least two first snap-fit locations 213. In this manner, the first wire-pulling wheel 210 and the first knob 230 are effectively snap-fitted together by the first snap-fit locations 213 fitting one-to-one with the third snap-fit locations 232, thereby making the connection between the first wire-pulling wheel 210 and the first knob 230 stronger and more stable.

[0072] 6 and 7, in one embodiment, the first snap-fit location 213 is a first locking block 2131. The third snap-fit location 232 is a first locking groove 2321 that matches the first locking block 2131. In this manner, the first locking block 2131 fits into the first locking groove 2321, thereby stably connecting the first wire-pulling wheel 210 to the first knob 230.

[0073] Furthermore, one of the first locking blocks 2131 is provided with a first alignment portion 2132, and the groove wall of one of the first locking grooves 2321 is provided with a second alignment portion 2322 that fits into the first alignment portion 2132. Therefore, when snap-fitting, simply aligning the first alignment portion 2132 with the second alignment portion 2322 allows the first knob 230 to be stably snap-fit onto the first wire-pulling wheel 210, making assembly of the knob device 200 more convenient and further improving the assembly efficiency of the endoscope.

[0074] In addition, the first alignment portion 2132 and the second alignment portion 2322 may have various forms. For example, the first alignment portion 2132 may be designed as a convex block, and the second alignment portion 2322 may be designed as a concave groove. Alternatively, the first alignment portion 2132 and the second alignment portion 2322 may both be designed as corresponding patterns, markers, etc.

[0075] Specifically, the first alignment portion 2132 is a recessed groove, and the second alignment portion 2322 is a raised block.

[0076] 11 and 13, there are at least two second snap-fit locations 223 and at least two fourth snap-fit locations 242. The at least two second snap-fit locations 223 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the second wire-pulling wheel 220. The at least two fourth snap-fit locations 242 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least two second snap-fit locations 223. In this manner, the second wire-pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240 are effectively snap-fitted together by the second snap-fit locations 223 fitting one-to-one with the fourth snap-fit locations 242, thereby making the connection between the second wire-pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240 stronger and more stable.

[0077] 11 and 13, in one embodiment, the second snap-fit portion 223 is a second locking groove 2231, and the fourth snap-fit portion 242 is a second locking block 2421 that matches the second locking groove 2231. In this manner, the second locking block 2421 fits into the second locking groove 2231, thereby stably joining the second wire-pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240.

[0078] Furthermore, a third alignment portion 2232 is provided on the groove wall of one of the second locking grooves 2231, and a fourth alignment portion 2422 that fits into the third alignment portion 2232 is provided on one of the second locking blocks 2421. Therefore, when snap-fitting, simply aligning the third alignment portion 2232 with the fourth alignment portion 2422 allows the second knob 240 to stably snap-fit onto the second wire-pulling wheel 220, making the assembly of the knob device 200 more convenient and advantageous to the assembly efficiency of the endoscope.

[0079] In addition, the third alignment portion 2232 and the fourth alignment portion 2422 may have various forms. For example, the third alignment portion 2232 may be designed as a recessed groove, and the fourth alignment portion 2422 may be designed as a protruding block. Alternatively, the third alignment portion 2232 and the fourth alignment portion 2422 may both be designed as corresponding patterns, markers, etc.

[0080] Specifically, the third alignment portion 2232 is a convex block, and the fourth alignment portion 2422 is a concave groove.

[0081] 6 and 8, there are at least two first fitting portions 212 and at least two third fitting portions 231. The at least two first fitting portions 212 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the first wire-pulling wheel 210. The at least two third fitting portions 231 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two first fitting portions 212. In this way, the first fitting portions 212 are fitted one-to-one with the third fitting portions 231, thereby effectively fitting the first wire-pulling wheel 210 and the first knob 230, and the first knob 230 drives and rotates the first wire-pulling wheel 210 more reliably and stably.

[0082] 6 and 8, in one embodiment, the first fitting portion 212 is a first fitting groove 2121. The third fitting portion 231 is a first fitting block 2311 that matches the first fitting groove 2121. The first fitting groove 2121 is provided to extend along the axial direction of the first wire-pulling wheel 210. In this manner, the first fitting block 2311 is inserted into the first fitting groove 2121, preventing the first wire-pulling wheel 210 from rotating relative to the first knob 230, and thus the first knob 230 drives the first wire-pulling wheel 210 to rotate together.

[0083] 6 and 8, the first fitting groove 2121 is provided extending from one end of the first wire-pulling wheel 210 along the axial direction of the first wire-pulling wheel 210. In this way, the first fitting block 2311 can be more conveniently inserted into the first fitting groove 2121, thereby making the connection between the first wire-pulling wheel 210 and the first knob 230 more convenient.

[0084] 11 and 14, there are at least two second fitting portions 222 and at least two fourth fitting portions 241. The at least two second fitting portions 222 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the second wire-pulling wheel 220. The at least two second fitting portions 222 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two fourth fitting portions 241. In this manner, by fitting each second fitting portion 222 into each fourth fitting portion 241 in one-to-one correspondence, an effective snap fit is achieved between the second wire-pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240, and the second knob 240 more reliably and stably drives and rotates the second wire-pulling wheel 220.

[0085] 11 and 14, in one embodiment, the second fitting portion 222 is a second fitting groove 2221. The fourth fitting portion 241 is a second fitting block 2411 that matches the second fitting groove 2221. The second fitting groove 2221 is provided to extend along the axial direction of the second wire-pulling wheel 220. In this manner, the second fitting block 2411 is inserted into the second fitting groove 2221, preventing the second wire-pulling wheel 220 from rotating relative to the second knob 240, thereby allowing the second knob 240 to drive the second wire-pulling wheel 220 to rotate together.

[0086] 11 and 14, the second fitting groove 2221 is provided extending from one end of the second wire-pulling wheel 220 along the axial direction of the second wire-pulling wheel 220. In this manner, the second fitting block 2411 can be more conveniently inserted into the second fitting groove 2221, thereby making the connection between the second wire-pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240 more convenient.

[0087] 6, 7, and 8, in one embodiment, the first knob 230 has a first through-hole 234 through which the first wire pulling wheel 210 passes. At least two third mating portions 231 are spaced apart around the first through-hole 234. At least two third snap-fit locations 232 are spaced apart around the first through-hole 234. When the first wire pulling wheel 210 passes through the first through-hole 234, the first mating portions 212 are fitted into the third mating portions 231, and the first snap-fit locations 213 are snap-fit into the third snap-fit locations 232. In this way, when the first wire pulling wheel 210 is inserted through the first through-hole 234 during assembly, stable engagement between the second wire pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240 can be achieved.

[0088] 5 and 8, in one embodiment, a first protrusion 233 is provided on a side of the first knob 230 facing the housing 100. The first protrusion 233 is provided around the first through-hole 234, and is used to cooperate with braking by the first braking assembly 310. In this way, the first braking assembly 310 stably brakes the rotation of the first knob 230, thereby fixing the bending angle of the bending portion 800, which makes it convenient for the operator to observe an image at a specific angle.

[0089] 4, 13, and 14, in one embodiment, the second knob 240 is provided with a second through-hole 246 through which the second wire pulling wheel 220 passes. At least two fourth fitting portions 241 are provided at intervals around the second through-hole 246. At least two fourth snap-fit locations 242 are provided at intervals around the second through-hole 246. When the second wire pulling wheel 220 passes through the second through-hole 246, the second fitting portions 222 are fitted into the fourth fitting portions 241, and the second snap-fit locations 223 are snap-fit into the fourth snap-fit locations 242. In this way, when the second wire pulling wheel 220 is inserted into the second through-hole 246 during assembly, stable engagement between the second wire pulling wheel 220 and the second knob 240 can be achieved.

[0090] 6 , in one embodiment, the first wire pulling wheel 210 includes a first winding portion 214 and a first mounting portion 215 provided on the first winding portion 214. A first through-hole 211 passes through the first winding portion 214 and the first mounting portion 215. The first winding portion 214 is located within the housing 100. The first mounting portion 215 is drilled into the mounting hole. The first fitting portion 212 and the first snap-fit location 213 are both provided on the first mounting portion 215. In this manner, the first wire pulling wheel 210 can be more stably mounted within the housing 100.

[0091] 11 and 12 , in one embodiment, the second wire pulling wheel 220 includes a second winding portion 224 and a second mounting portion 225 provided on the second winding portion 224. The second winding portion 224 is located within the housing 100, the second mounting portion 225 is drilled into the first through-hole 211, and the second fitting portion 222 and the second snap-fit portion 223 are both provided on the second mounting portion 225. In this way, the second wire pulling wheel 220 can be more stably mounted within the housing 100.

[0092] 1 , 23 and 28 , in one embodiment, the endoscope further includes an air / water supply valve 400 and a tip portion 900 provided at the bending portion 800. The air / water supply valve 400 is fitted within the housing 100. A first insertion portion 150 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 100. The air / water supply valve 400 is provided with a second insertion portion 416 that is inserted and fitted into the first insertion portion 150. Thus, in the process of installing the air / water supply valve 400, the air / water supply valve 400 is fitted into the housing 100 and the second insertion portion 416 is inserted into the first insertion portion 150, thereby effectively fixing the air / water supply valve 400 and completing installation of the air / water supply valve 400 in the housing 100. Since the air and water supply valve 400 is fixed in the housing 100 using an insertion method, there is no need to prepare a large number of parts such as bolts or screws when installing, which effectively simplifies the installation operation and improves the assembly efficiency of the endoscope.

[0093] 29, the air / water supply valve 400 includes a first valve body 410 and a first spool 420. The housing 100 is provided with a second mounting hole 112 and has an internal storage cavity 110 that communicates with the second mounting hole 112. The first valve body 410 is drilled into the second mounting hole 112 and extends into the storage cavity 110. The first valve body 410 is provided with a second insertion portion 416 that is inserted and fitted into the first insertion portion 150. The first valve body 410 is provided with a first flow path 411, and the first valve body 410 is provided with an air intake port 412, an exhaust port 413, a liquid supply port 414, and a liquid drain port 415 that are all communicated with the first flow path 411 and are spaced apart. The first spool 420 is movably fitted within the first valve body 410 and is drilled into the first flow path 411. Driving the first spool 420 connects the air inlet 412 and the air outlet 413, or connects the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415. After the air / water supply valve 400 is installed, driving the first spool 420 within the first valve body 410 during gas / liquid switching selectively connects the air inlet 412 and the air outlet 413, or connects the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415. This allows the air / water supply valve 400 to deliver liquid or gas into the interior of the organ to clean the camera, making the gas / liquid switching operation extremely convenient and ensuring stable surgery.

[0094] In this embodiment, the structure of the first spool 420 is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient to selectively control the air intake port 412 and the exhaust port 413 to communicate with each other, or the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415 to communicate with each other.

[0095] Alternatively, the first insert portion 150 may be a convex structure and the second insert portion 416 may be a groove or hole structure, or the first insert portion 150 may be a groove or hole structure and the second insert portion 416 may be a convex structure.

[0096] 24 and 28, the first insertion part 150 is the first insertion groove 151. The second insertion part 416 is a first insertion block 4161 that fits into the first insertion groove 151. In this way, the first insertion block 4161 fits into the first insertion groove 151, making it easier to fix the air and water supply valve 400.

[0097] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 28, the first insertion block 4161 is arranged on the first valve body 410 and extends along the circumferential direction of the first valve body 410. In this way, the first insertion block 4161 can be conveniently inserted into the first insertion groove 151 of different directions, thereby ensuring that the installation of the air and water supply valve 400 is more stable and firm.

[0098] Furthermore, the numerical arrangement relationship between the first insertion grooves 151 and the first insertion blocks 4161 may be one to one, two to one, or many to one, that is, the same first insertion block 4161 is inserted into two or more first insertion grooves 151 at the same time.

[0099] 23 and 26, in one embodiment, the housing 100 includes a first housing 130 and a second housing 131. The first housing 130 is covered by the second housing 131, and a receiving cavity 110 is formed between the first housing 130 and the second housing 131. The first insertion groove 151 includes a first type insertion groove 1511 and a second type insertion groove 1512. The first type insertion groove 1511 is provided in the first housing 130. The second type insertion groove 1512 is provided in the second housing 131. One end of a first insertion block 4161 is inserted and fitted into the first type insertion groove 1511. The other end of the first insertion block 4161 is inserted and fitted into the second type insertion groove 1512. As a result, when the first housing 130 is fitted into the second housing 131, the opposing ends of the first insertion block 4161 are inserted into the first type insertion groove 1511 and the second type insertion groove 1512, and in this way, both the top and bottom of the air and water supply valve 400 are effectively fixed.

[0100] Alternatively, the fitting form between the first housing 130 and the second housing 131 may be, but is not limited to, a bolt connection, a latch connection, a pin connection, or the like.

[0101] 24, in one embodiment, a first shroud 152 and a second shroud 153 are provided at a distance from each other on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110. The first shroud 152 and the second shroud 153 are located on opposite sides of the second mounting hole 112, respectively, and surround the second mounting hole 112 to form a first insertion groove 151. Thus, in this embodiment, the first insertion groove 151 is located directly opposite the second mounting hole 112. When the first valve body 410 is drilled in the second mounting hole 112, the first insertion block 4161 thereof is also inserted into the first insertion groove 151, making it easier to install the air and water supply valve 400.

[0102] Optionally, the first shroud 152 and the second shroud 153 may be attached to the housing 100 by, but not limited to, bolting, fastening, welding, riveting, pinning, adhesive bonding, integral molding, etc. Furthermore, integral molding may be by injection molding, 3D printing, etc.

[0103] 24 and 28, in one embodiment, a step 140 is provided on the side of the housing 100 opposite the storage cavity 110. The step 140 is provided around the second mounting hole 112. A protrusion 417 is provided in the circumferential direction of the first valve body 410. The protrusion 417 abuts and fits into the step 140, thereby effectively restricting the position of the air and water supply valve 400 in the second mounting hole 112 and ensuring that the air and water supply valve 400 is stably attached to the housing 100.

[0104] 24, the protrusion 417 and the first insertion block 4161 are provided in parallel with and spaced apart from each other on the first valve body 410. In this way, when attached, the protrusion 417 and the first insertion block 4161 act on the outside and inside of the housing 100, respectively, to form an inner and outer stopper structure, preventing the air and water supply valve 400 from swinging up and down in the second mounting hole 112. This makes the air and water supply valve 400 more stable in the housing 100.

[0105] 29 , in one embodiment, a first spool 420 includes a valve stem and a first isolation member 422 and a second isolation member 423 spaced apart from each other on the valve stem. The valve stem is movably fitted within a first valve body 410 and is disposed in a first flow passage 411. The first isolation member 422 and the second isolation member 423 both sealingly engage with the inner wall of the first flow passage 411. When the valve stem is moved to the first position, the first isolation member 422 is located between the liquid inlet 414 and the liquid outlet 415, blocking communication between the liquid inlet 414 and the liquid outlet 415. The liquid inlet 414 and the liquid outlet 415 are both located on one side of the second isolation member 423, and the air inlet 412 and the air outlet 413 are both located on the other side of the second isolation member 423. The purposes of this are: 1. to block the passage between gas and liquid by second isolation member 423 to prevent gas and liquid from flowing together, and 2. to maintain communication between intake port 412 and exhaust port 413 by positioning intake port 412 and exhaust port 413 on the same side of second isolation member 423, thereby allowing gas to enter the interior of the organ and realize the blowing of gas onto the camera. Furthermore, when the valve stem moves to the second position, second isolation member 423 is positioned between intake port 412 and exhaust port 413, blocking communication between them. The liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415 are both located on one side of the first isolation member 422, and the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415 are both located on the other side of the first isolation member 422 for the following purposes: 1. The first isolation member 422 blocks the passage between the gas and the liquid, thereby preventing the gas and liquid from flowing together; and 2. By locating the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415 on the same side of the first isolation member 422, communication between the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415 is maintained, allowing the liquid to enter the inside of the organ and enabling the camera to be cleaned.

[0106] The positional relationship between the intake port 412 and the exhaust port 413 in the first valve body 410 is not limited, and for example, the intake port 412 may be above the exhaust port 413, or the intake port 412 may be below the drain port 415. Similarly, the positional relationship between the liquid supply port 414 and the liquid drain port 415 in the first valve body 410 is not limited, and for example, the liquid supply port 414 may be above the drain port 415, or the liquid supply port 414 may be below the drain port 415.

[0107] 29, the drain port 415, the liquid supply port 414, the intake port 412, and the exhaust port 413 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction of the first valve body 410. To make the longitudinal direction of the first valve body 410 easier to understand, taking FIG. 29 as an example, the longitudinal direction of the first valve body 410 is the direction indicated by one of the arrows S in FIG.

[0108] 28, in one embodiment, the air and water supply valve 400 further includes a first valve cover 430 and a first elastic member 440. The first valve cover 430 is attached to the valve stem. The first elastic member 440 is connected between the first valve cover 430 and the first valve body 410 and is used to drive the valve stem to return it from the second position to the first position, thereby returning the air and water supply valve 400 to its initial state and preparing for the next operation. The air and water supply valve 400 also includes a first valve sleeve 450, which is fitted over the valve stem and connected to the first valve body 410.

[0109] Alternatively, the first elastic member 440 may be a spring, elastic rubber, elastic metal piece, or the like.

[0110] 29, a passage 4211 is provided within the valve stem. One end of the passage 4211 is in communication with the exhaust port 413, and the other end is in communication with the outside. In this manner, the valve stem can enter the gas-liquid switching state only when one end of the passage 4211 is blocked (e.g., by blocking one end of the passage 4211 with a finger).

[0111] 23 and 30, in one embodiment, the endoscope further includes a negative pressure valve 500. The negative pressure valve 500 is mounted within the housing 100. A third insertion portion 170 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 100. The negative pressure valve 500 is provided with a fourth insertion portion 517 that is inserted and fitted into the third insertion portion 170. Because the third insertion portion 170 is provided within the housing 100 and the fourth insertion portion 517 is provided on the negative pressure valve 500, the negative pressure valve 500 can be stably and quickly positioned in the housing 100 by simply inserting the fourth insertion portion 517 into the third insertion portion 170 during fixation. Compared to conventional fixation methods using screws or bolts, this significantly simplifies the mounting structure, making installation of the negative pressure valve 500 quicker and easier, and advantageously improving the assembly efficiency of the endoscope.

[0112] 31, the negative pressure valve 500 includes a second valve body 510 and a second spool 520. The housing 100 is provided with a third mounting hole 113 and has an accommodating cavity 110 therein that communicates with the second mounting hole 112. The second valve body 510 is drilled into the third mounting hole 113 and extends into the receiving cavity 110. The second valve body 510 has a second insertion portion 416 that is inserted and fitted into the first insertion portion 150. The second valve body 510 has a second flow path 511. The second valve body 510 has an inlet 512 and an outlet 513 that communicate with the second flow path 511. The second spool 520 is movably fitted into the second valve body 510 and drilled into the second flow path 511. The second spool 520 has a third flow path 521 that connects the inlet 512 and the outlet 513. The second spool 520 can be driven to connect the third flow path 521 to the inlet 512 and the outlet 513, or to block the inlet 512 and the outlet 513.

[0113] After the negative pressure valve 500 is installed, the second spool 520 is driven to connect the third flow path 521 to the inlet 512 and the outlet 513. At this time, the negative pressure device can create a negative pressure environment at the inlet 512, the third flow path 521, and the outlet 513, causing fluid and tissue within the organ to be sequentially discharged through the inlet 512, the third flow path 521, and the outlet 513. When suction is completed or suction is no longer required, the second spool 520 is driven to block the connection between the inlet 512 and the outlet 513, thereby disconnecting the endoscope from the negative pressure device. In this way, the negative pressure valve 500 only needs to drive the second spool 520 to switch between opening and closing the passage, making the switching operation more convenient and ensuring stable surgery.

[0114] It should be noted that driving the second spool 520 to connect the third flow path 521 to the inlet 512 and the outlet 513, or having the second spool 520 block the inlet 512 and the outlet 513, should be understood as follows: When the second spool 520 is driven to perform a corresponding operation on the second flow path 511 and the third flow path 521 faces the inlet 512 and the outlet 513, respectively, the inlet 512 is connected to the outlet 513, and when the second spool 520 blocks at least one of the inlet 512 and the outlet 513, the inlet 512 and the outlet 513 are no longer connected to each other via the third flow path 521.

[0115] 26, the housing 100 is provided with a wire introduction hole 160 communicating with the accommodating cavity 110. The wire introduction hole 160 is used for inserting a connecting pipe of a negative pressure device communicating with the outlet 513. When the negative pressure valve 500 is connected to a negative pressure device, the connecting pipe of the negative pressure device can be inserted into the accommodating cavity 110 through the wire introduction hole 160 and connected to the negative pressure valve 500, thereby realizing a stable connection between the negative pressure valve 500 and the negative pressure device and thus greatly facilitating the connection between the negative pressure valve 500 and the negative pressure device.

[0116] 26 , a first groove 161 is formed in the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110. The first groove 161 is located between the third mounting hole 113 and the wire guide hole 160 and is used to accommodate the connecting tube of the vacuum device. Because there is a certain distance between the vacuum valve 500 and the vacuum device, the connecting tube inserted into the receiving cavity 110 has a certain length. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first groove 161 is formed in the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110 to accommodate the connecting tube of a certain length. This prevents the connecting tube from interfering with or being wrapped around the internal structure of the endoscope handle, ensuring a neat and rational distribution of the internal structure and ensuring stable operation of the endoscope.

[0117] Alternatively, the first groove 161 may be directly formed in the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110 by a groove-cutting process, or may be protruded outward from the surface of the housing 100 and formed in the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110 .

[0118] 30 and 31 , in one embodiment, the second valve body 510 includes a main body section 514, a first branch section 515, and a second branch section 516. The first branch section 515 is connected to one end of the main body section 514. The second branch section 516 is connected to one side of the main body section 514. The second flow path 511 is provided within the main body section 514. The inlet 512 is provided in the first branch section 515, and the outlet 513 is provided in the second branch section 516. Thus, when aspirating liquid or tissue, the second spool 520 is driven and moves within the main body section 514, thereby connecting the first branch section 515 and the second branch section 516 via the third flow path 521. At this time, the liquid or tissue sequentially flows through the inlet 512, the first branch section 515, the third flow path 521, and the second branch section 516 and is discharged from the outlet 513.

[0119] Specifically, with reference to FIG. 30, first branch section 515 and second branch section 516 are both disposed at angles to main body section 514 .

[0120] 31 , second spool 520 is movably fitted within main body section 514. One end of second spool 520 is provided with first port 523 communicating with third flow path 521. First port 523 communicates with inlet 512. Second spool 520 has a side surface that is in close contact with the inner wall of second flow path 511, with second port 522 communicating with third flow path 521. Driving second spool 520 causes second port 522 and outlet 513 to be misaligned or aligned with each other. As a result, when switching between opening and closing the passage, second spool 520 is driven to move to second flow path 511. When second port 522 corresponds to outlet 513, outlet 513, second port 522, third flow path 521, first port 523, and inlet 512 communicate with each other, the passage in negative pressure valve 500 is completely opened, and the negative pressure device can suck the inside of the organ. When second port 522 is misaligned with outlet 513, communication between outlet 513 and inlet 512 is cut off, the passage in negative pressure valve 500 is closed, and the negative pressure device stops operating.

[0121] 27 and 30, in one embodiment, the third insertion portion 170 is the second insertion groove 171. The fourth insertion portion 517 is a second insertion block 5171 that fits into the second insertion groove 171. In this manner, when fixed, the negative pressure valve 500 is stably mounted to the housing 100 by inserting the second insertion block 5171 into the second insertion groove 171.

[0122] The number of second insertion grooves 171 and second insertion blocks 5171 may be one, two, or more, and is not particularly limited in this embodiment. There are also various types of correspondence between the second insertion grooves 171 and the second insertion blocks 5171. For example, the second insertion grooves 171 and the second insertion blocks 5171 may be inserted and arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, or the second insertion grooves 171 and the second insertion blocks 5171 may be inserted and arranged in a two-to-one correspondence.

[0123] Of course, in other embodiments, the third insertion portion 170 may be the second insertion block 5171. The fourth insertion portion 517 is the second insertion groove 171 that fits into the second insertion block 5171.

[0124] Further, referring to FIG. 30, the second insertion block 5171 is arranged in the second valve body 510 and extends along the circumferential direction of the second valve body 510. In this way, the second insertion block 5171 can be conveniently inserted into the second insertion grooves 171 of different orientations, so that the same second insertion block 5171 can be inserted into two or more second insertion grooves 171 at the same time.

[0125] 27, in one embodiment, a third shroud 172 and a fourth shroud 173 are spaced apart from each other on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110. The third shroud 172 and the fourth shroud 173 are located on opposite sides of the third mounting hole 113, respectively, and surround the third mounting hole 113 to form a second insertion groove 171. By providing the third shroud 172 and the fourth shroud 173 on opposite sides of the third mounting hole 113, when the negative pressure valve 500 is drilled in the third mounting hole 113, the second insertion block 5171 thereof is inserted into the second insertion groove 171, making it easier to install the negative pressure valve 500.

[0126] Optionally, the third shroud 172 and the fourth shroud 173 may be attached to the housing 100 by, but not limited to, bolting, fastening, riveting, welding, adhesive, integral molding, etc. Furthermore, the integral molding method may be injection molding, 3D printing, etc.

[0127] 23 and 26, in one embodiment, the housing 100 includes a first housing 130 and a second housing 131. The first housing 130 is covered by the second housing 131, and forms a receiving cavity 110 between the first housing 130 and the second housing 131. The second insertion groove 171 includes a third type insertion groove 1711 and a fourth type insertion groove 1712. The third type insertion groove 1711 is provided in the first housing 130. The fourth type insertion groove 1712 is provided in the second housing 131. One end of the second insertion block 5171 is inserted and fitted into the third type insertion groove 1711, and the other end of the second insertion block 5171 is inserted and fitted into the fourth type insertion groove 1712. As a result, the housing 100 in this embodiment is composed of a two-part structure, and when the second housing 131 is fitted into the first housing 130, the opposing ends of the second insertion block 5171 are inserted into the third type insertion groove 1711 and the fourth type insertion groove 1712, thereby making the negative pressure valve 500 more stable within the housing 100.

[0128] 30 , in one embodiment, the negative pressure valve 500 further includes a second valve cover 530 and a second elastic member 540. The second valve cover 530 is provided on the second spool 520. The second elastic member 540 is connected between the second valve cover 530 and the second valve body 510 and is used to drive the second spool 520 to close the inlet 512 and the outlet 513.

[0129] Optionally, the second elastic member 540 may be, but is not limited to, a spring, elastic rubber, elastic metal piece, or the like.

[0130] 30, the negative pressure valve 500 further includes a second valve sleeve 550. The second valve sleeve 550 is fitted onto the second spool 520 and connected to the second valve body 510.

[0131] 23 and 32, in one embodiment, the endoscope further includes a three-way valve 600, the inner wall of the housing 100 is provided with a fifth insertion portion 180, the three-way valve 600 is provided with a sixth insertion portion 630 that is inserted and fitted into the fifth insertion portion 180, and the three-way valve 600 is provided with a first end port 611, a second end port 621, and a third end port 612 that communicate with each other, the first end port 611 communicating with the negative pressure valve 500, the second end port 621 communicating with the instrument passage valve 1000, and the third end port 612 communicating with the instrument passage of the distal end portion 900. As described above, compared to the conventional method of installing the three-way valve 600, this method does not require the use of components such as bolts or screws, reducing the number of parts required for assembling the endoscope and ensuring a simple and orderly assembly process.

[0132] The number of the fifth insertion portions 180 and the sixth insertion portions 630 may be one, two, three or more, but is not particularly limited in this embodiment.

[0133] Alternatively, the fifth insertion portion 180 may be a convex structure and the sixth insertion portion 630 may be a groove or hole structure, or the fifth insertion portion 180 may be a groove or hole structure and the sixth insertion portion 630 may be a convex structure.

[0134] 25 and 32, the fifth insertion portion 180 is the third insertion groove 181. The sixth insertion portion 630 is a third insertion block 631 that matches the third insertion groove 181. That is, when installing the three-way valve 600, the third insertion block 631 can be directly inserted into the third insertion groove 181 in the housing 100 to complete the assembly, greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of the assembly.

[0135] 25, in one embodiment, a protrusion base 118 for supporting the three-way valve 600 is provided on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110. A third insertion groove 181 is provided in the protrusion base 118. In this way, upon insertion, the three-way valve 600 is also supported by the protrusion base 118, preventing the three-way valve 600 from floating within the housing 100 and making the three-way valve 600 more stable within the housing 100, which is advantageous in improving the stability of the product during use.

[0136] Optionally, the projection base 118 may be attached to the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110 by, but not limited to, bolting, fastening, gluing, riveting, welding, integral molding, etc. Furthermore, integral molding may be injection molding, 3D printing, etc.

[0137] Specifically, referring to FIG. 25, the protrusion base 118 and the housing 100 are integral, i.e., formed by the protrusion of the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 110 .

[0138] 25, a second groove 182 is provided on one surface of the protrusion base 118 facing the three-way valve 600. The second groove 182 is used to match the outer surface of the three-way valve 600; thus, by fitting the second groove 182 to the outer surface of the three-way valve 600, the three-way valve 600 becomes more stable on the protrusion base 118 and prevents the three-way valve 600 from swinging left and right during use.

[0139] It should be understood that "matching" means that the shape of the groove of the second groove 182 should match the shape of the outer surface of the three-way valve 600, so that the outer surface of the three-way valve 600 can fit more closely within the second groove 182.

[0140] 25 , in one embodiment, the protrusion base 118 is provided with a notch 183 communicating with the third insertion groove 181. The notch 183 is used for drilling a connecting pipe between the negative pressure valve 500 and the three-way valve 600, or for drilling the three-way valve 600 itself. Thus, when the three-way valve 600 is inserted into the protrusion base 118, a connecting pipe is provided between the three-way valve 600 and the negative pressure valve 500. Therefore, by providing the notch 183 in the protrusion base 118, it is possible to facilitate the extension of the connecting pipe and avoid difficulties in arranging the connecting pipe due to structural interference between the connecting pipe and the protrusion base 118. Of course, during the installation process, a portion of the three-way valve 600 may extend from the notch 183, which effectively avoids the problem of structural interference between the connecting pipe and the protrusion base 118 and makes the layout of the internal structure of the endoscope more rational. Of course, in order to facilitate the distribution and fixing of the connecting pipes, a pipe holder 114 for fixing the connecting pipes and the pipes in the air and water supply valve 400 may be provided in the housing 100 .

[0141] 25 , in one embodiment, the protrusion base 118 includes a support plate 190 and a first side plate 191 and a second side plate 192 provided on opposite sides of the support plate 190. The first side plate 191, the second side plate 192, and the support plate 190 surround each other to form a third insertion groove 181. A notch 183 is provided between the first side plate 191 and the second side plate 192. In this way, the configuration of the support plate 190, the first side plate 191, and the second side plate 192 is utilized to simultaneously form the third insertion groove 181 and the notch 183, which is advantageous in simplifying the structural design.

[0142] Specifically, referring to FIG. 25, the support plate 190, the first side plate 191 and the second side plate 192 are of an integral structure.

[0143] 23 and 26, in one embodiment, the housing 100 includes a first housing 130 and a second housing 131. The first housing 130 is fitted over the second housing 131 and forms the receiving cavity 110 with the second housing 131. The protrusion base 118 includes a first protrusion base 1181 and a second protrusion base 1182. The first protrusion base 1181 is provided on the first housing 130. The second protrusion base 1182 is provided on the second housing 131. The third insertion groove 181 includes a fifth type insertion groove 1811 and a sixth type insertion groove 1812, where the fifth type insertion groove 1811 is provided on the first protrusion base 1181 and the sixth type insertion groove 1812 is provided on the second protrusion base 1182. One end of the third insertion block 631 is inserted and fitted into the fifth type insertion groove 1811, and the other end of the third insertion block 631 is inserted and fitted into the sixth type insertion groove 1812. As a result, when the first housing 130 and the second housing 131 are fitted together, the three-way valve 600 is supported between the first protrusion base 1181 and the second protrusion base 1182, respectively, and at the same time, the third insertion block 631 of the three-way valve 600 is inserted into the fifth type insertion groove 1811 and the sixth type insertion groove 1812, respectively, making the installation of the three-way valve 600 more stable.

[0144] For ease of understanding and explanation, in this embodiment, the protrusion base 118 is divided into a first protrusion base 1181 and a second protrusion base 1182. Therefore, the first protrusion base 1181, the second protrusion base 1182, and the protrusion base 118 only differ in name, and their configurations are the same or similar. Similarly, the fifth type insertion groove 1811 and the sixth type insertion groove 1812 are all different names of the third insertion groove 181, and their configurations are the same or similar.

[0145] 25, in one embodiment, there are two protrusion bases 118 and two third insertion blocks 631. The two protrusion bases 118 are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the housing 100. The two third insertion blocks 631 are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the three-way valve 600. The two protrusion bases 118 correspond one-to-one to the two third insertion blocks 631. The housing 100 is provided with a first opening 115 and a second opening 116 that communicate with the storage cavity 110. The second end 621 is formed in the first opening 115. The third end 612 is formed toward the second opening 116. The notch 183 of one of the protrusion bases 118 is formed toward the negative pressure valve 500, and the notch 183 of the other protrusion base 118 is formed toward the second opening 116.

[0146] 32 , in one embodiment, a three-way valve 600 includes a first pipe 610 and a second pipe 620. One end of the second pipe 620 communicates with the first pipe 610, and the other end of the second pipe 620 is connected to the first opening 115. A first end 611 and a third end 612 are provided at opposite ends of the first pipe 610. A second end 621 is provided at an end of the second pipe 620 that is farther from the first pipe 610. A sixth insertion portion 630 is provided on the first pipe 610 and / or the second pipe 620. In this manner, the three-way valve 600 has excellent three-way control function.

[0147] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined in any manner, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments have been described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0148] The above examples merely illustrate some embodiments of the present application, and although the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some modifications and improvements within the scope of the present application without departing from the concept of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the patent of the present application shall be determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0149] In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "up," "down," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are intended only to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention, and do not mean or suggest that the devices or elements referred to necessarily have a particular orientation or must be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0150] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as meaning or suggesting relative importance or the number of technical features being described. Thus, a feature qualified with "first" or "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc.

[0151] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined or limited, the terms "attached," "coupled," "connected," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and may mean, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They may also be mechanically connected or electrically connected. They may also be directly connected, indirectly connected via an intermediate medium, or may be internal communication between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art depending on the specific circumstances.

[0152] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," or "on the upper surface" of a second feature may simply indicate that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or that the horizontal height of the first feature is greater than that of the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," or "on the lower surface" of a second feature may simply indicate that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or that the horizontal height of the first feature is smaller than that of the second feature.

[0153] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "mounted" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or there may be intervening elements. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or there may be intervening elements. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," and similar terms used herein are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0154] 100 housing, 110 storage cavity, 111 first mounting hole, 112 second mounting hole, 113 third mounting hole, 114 conduit holder, 115 first opening, 116 second opening, 118 protrusion base, 1181 first protrusion base, 1182 second protrusion base, 120 position limiting column, 121 second positioning portion, 130 first housing, 131 second housing, 140 step portion, 150 first insertion portion, 151 first insertion groove, 1511 first type insertion groove, 1512 second type insertion groove, 152 first shroud, 153 second shroud, 160 wire introduction hole, 161 first recessed groove, 170 third insertion portion, 171 second insertion groove, 1711 third type insertion groove, 1712 fourth type insertion groove, 172 third shroud, 173 Fourth shroud, 180, fifth insertion portion, 181, third insertion groove, 1811, fifth type insertion groove, 1812, sixth type insertion groove, 182, second recessed groove, 183, notch, 190, support plate, 191, first side plate, 192, second side plate, 200, knob device, 210, first wire pulling wheel, 211, first through hole, 212, first fitting portion, 2121, first fitting groove, 213, first snap-fit portion, 2131, first locking block, 2132, first positioning portion, 214, first winding portion, 215, first mounting portion, 216, third position limiting portion, 217, second seal ring, 220, second wire pulling wheel, 221, second through hole, 222, second fitting portion, 2221, second fitting groove, 223, second snap-fit portion, 2231 Second locking groove, 2232 Third alignment portion, 224 Second winding portion, 225 Second mounting portion, 226 Fourth position limiting portion, 230 First knob, 231 Third mating portion, 2311 First mating block, 232 Third snap-fit portion, 2321 First locking groove, 2322 Second alignment portion, 233 First protrusion, 234 First through-hole, 240 Second knob, 241 Fourth mating portion, 2411 Second mating block, 242 Fourth snap-fit portion, 2421 Second locking block, 2422 Fourth alignment portion, 243 Mounting groove, 244 Second protrusion, 245 Brake ring, 246 Second through-hole, 250 Second holder, 251 First position limiting portion, 252 Second position limiting portion, 253 First seal ring, 260 First holder, 261 Fourth positioning portion, 262 First fixing hole, 300 Braking device, 310First brake assembly, 311, first fixed frame, 3111, first operating cavity, 3112, first slide groove, 31121, first groove section, 31122, second groove section, 31123, third groove section, 31124, stopper wall, 3113, first positioning portion, 312, first brake member, 3121, main body portion, 3122, holding portion, 3123, transmission portion, 313, first brake button, 3131, first button body, 3132, first ring sleeve, 3133, first pushing portion, 3134, first toggle portion, 3135, arch-shaped groove, 320, second brake assembly, 321, second fixed frame, 3211, second operating cavity, 3212, second slide groove, 3213, third positioning portion, 3214, second position limiting block, 322, second brake member, 323 Second brake button, 3231 Second button body, 3232 Second ring sleeve, 3233 Second pushing portion, 3234 Second toggle portion, 3235 First position limiting block, 3236 Second fixing hole, 400 Air / water supply valve, 410 First valve body, 411 First flow path, 412 Air intake port, 413 Exhaust port, 414 Liquid supply port, 415 Liquid drain port, 416 Second insertion portion, 4161 First insertion block, 417 Protrusion, 420 First spool, 421 First valve stem, 4211 Passage, 422 First isolation member, 423 Second isolation member, 430 First valve cover, 440 First elastic member, 450 First valve sleeve, 500 Negative pressure valve, 510 Second valve body, 511 Second flow path, 512 Inlet, 513 Outlet, 514 Main body section, 515 first branch section, 516 second branch section, 517 fourth insertion portion, 5171 second insertion block, 520 second spool, 521 third flow path, 522 second port, 523 first port, 530 second valve cover, 540 second elastic member, 550 second valve sleeve, 600 three-way valve, 610 first tubular body, 611 first end port, 612 third end port, 620 second tubular body, 621 second end port, 630 sixth insertion portion, 631 third insertion block, 700 fastening member, 800 curved portion, 900 tip portion, 1000 instrument passage valve.

Claims

1. An endoscope, a housing, a knob device, a braking device, and a curved portion; The housing is provided with a first mounting hole that communicates between the inside and outside of the housing, The knob device includes a first wire pulling wheel and a second wire pulling wheel rotatably mounted in the housing, and a first knob and a second knob located outside the housing, the first wire pulling wheel extending outside the housing through the first mounting hole, the first wire pulling wheel having a first through hole, the second wire pulling wheel extending outside the housing through the first through hole, the first knob fitted onto the first wire pulling wheel, and the second knob overlapping the first knob and fitted onto the second wire pulling wheel; the braking device includes a first braking assembly and a second braking assembly, the first braking assembly being provided between the first wire pulling wheel and the housing and used to brake the first knob or the first wire pulling wheel, and the second braking assembly being provided on the opposite side of the second knob from the first knob and used to brake the second knob or the second wire pulling wheel; the bending portion is located outside the housing and is connected to the first wire pulling wheel and the second wire pulling wheel by a pull wire, the first brake assembly includes a first fixed frame, a first brake button, and at least two first brake members slidably mounted on the first fixed frame, the first fixed frame being positioned on the housing, and the first brake button being fitted to the first fixed frame; an endoscope, characterized in that the first fixed frame is provided with a first actuating cavity through which the first wire pulling wheel is inserted, the first knob is inserted into the first actuating cavity and fitted onto the first wire pulling wheel, and when the first brake button is rotated, it can drive and slide the first brake member to be inserted into the first actuating cavity and hold the first knob.

2. 2. The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein the knob device further includes a first holder provided within the housing, the second wire pulling wheel having a second through-hole formed therein, the first holder extending outside the housing through the second through-hole, and the second brake assembly being attached to the first holder.

3. 3. The endoscope according to claim 2, wherein the second brake assembly includes a second fixed frame, a second brake button, and at least two second brake members slidably mounted on the second fixed frame, the second fixed frame being positioned on the first holder, the second brake button being externally fitted to the second fixed frame, and the second brake button being capable of driving and sliding the second brake members to hold the second knob or the second wire pulling wheel when rotated.

4. The endoscope according to claim 3, characterized in that a first fixing hole is drilled in the first holder, a second fixing hole corresponding to the first fixing hole is provided in the second brake button, and a fastening member is inserted through the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole, thereby rotatably attaching the second brake button to the first holder.

5. The endoscope according to claim 3, characterized in that the second knob is provided with a brake ring, the second fixing frame is provided with a second actuation cavity through which the brake ring is inserted, and when the second brake button is rotated, it is possible to drive the second brake member to be inserted into the second actuation cavity and hold the brake ring.

6. The endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the endoscope includes an air / water supply valve and a tip portion provided on the bending portion, the air / water supply valve being mounted within the housing, the inner wall of the housing being provided with a first insertion portion, and the air / water supply valve being provided with a second insertion portion that is inserted and fitted into the first insertion portion.

7. The endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a negative pressure valve, the negative pressure valve being mounted within the housing, the inner wall of the housing being provided with a third insertion portion, and the negative pressure valve being provided with a fourth insertion portion that is inserted and fitted into the third insertion portion.

8. 8. The endoscope according to claim 7, further comprising a three-way valve, wherein the inner wall of the housing is provided with a fifth insertion portion, the three-way valve is provided with a sixth insertion portion that is inserted and fitted into the fifth insertion portion, the three-way valve is provided with a first end port, a second end port, and a third end port that communicate with each other, the first end port communicating with the negative pressure valve, the second end port used to communicate with an instrument passage valve, and the third end port used to communicate with an instrument passage at the tip.

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