Vane-type internal combustion engine

Abstract

To provide a vane type internal combustion engine capable of concentrating the vector of explosion expansion pressure in the rotation direction of the vane type internal combustion engine. [Solution] A vane-type internal combustion engine (10) includes a housing (11), a rotor (80), vanes (90), and vane grooves (82). The area of ​​the housing (11) where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side area (16) surrounded by the housing (11), the rotor (80), and the vanes (90), and a combustion chamber (110) formed in a part of the housing (11) different from the rotor-side area (16) and formed to be able to communicate with the rotor-side area (16) and in which fuel is exploded. A combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle (112) is disposed in the combustion chamber (110) for ejecting high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber (110), and a rotor pressure-receiving surface (84) is disposed in the rotor (80) for receiving the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle (112).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vane-type internal combustion engine that concentrates pressure vectors in the direction of rotation of a rotor. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, a vane-type internal combustion engine has a housing, a rotatably arranged rotor, and a plurality of vanes that are inserted into vane grooves formed in the rotor and rotate together with the rotor, dividing the hollow space formed between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the rotor into a plurality of hollow chambers.

[0003] In one of the multiple hollow chambers, high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas is generated during the explosion stroke. Various pressure vector adjustment structures have been proposed to concentrate this combustion gas into the rotational force.

[0004] For example, in the devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the pressure of the high-pressure combustion gas is converted into rotational force by increasing the area in the combustion chamber where the pressure vector acts perpendicularly to the vane on the rotational direction side or the side surface of the combustion chamber.

[0005] Previously proposed hydrogen engine structures were based on the excessive heating of the intake manifold due to backfire and the ignition-prone nature of hydrogen. Furthermore, knocking was a common occurrence in engines, and structural modifications were left unaddressed.

[0006] For example, in the example described in Patent Document 3, in order to prevent excessive heating of the intake manifold due to backfire, which reaches the intake port and intake manifold, a hydrogen engine is provided with a first water injection means for injecting water into the intake port and a second water injection means for injecting water into the intake manifold, both of which are provided in each cylinder. A sensor is also provided to detect the occurrence of backfire in the intake passage of each cylinder. This example has four cylinders, and five water injectors in total: four for each cylinder and one for the intake passage.

[0007] For example, Patent Document 4 describes a knocking suppression device for an engine equipped with a water injection valve that injects water into the combustion chamber. The device is equipped with a control device that controls the injection start timing and injection amount of the water injection valve, and is characterized by controlling the injection so that the water is injected at a later stage while the exhaust valve of the engine is open and at a predetermined time before the intake valve opens. By injecting water, the expansion of water vapor scavenges the remaining exhaust gas and lowers its temperature, suppressing knocking. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-115849 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-45513 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-118109 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-24094 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The combustion chamber pressure vector adjustment structure in Patent Document 1 has a partition ring attached between the housing and the center shaft, and the partition plates are attached radially toward the housing by the center ring so that they can slide around the center shaft. This structure increases the area on which the pressure vector acts perpendicular to the side of the partition plate on the rotational direction side of the combustion chamber, thereby converting the pressure of the high-pressure combustion gas into rotational force.

[0010] Furthermore, the combustion chamber pressure vector in Patent Document 2 has multiple vanes that divide the hollow space formed between the inner peripheral surface of the housing and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor into multiple hollow chambers. By increasing the area on which the pressure vector acts perpendicularly to the side surfaces of the multiple rotor recesses in the rotational direction, the pressure vector of the high-pressure combustion gas is converted into rotational force.

[0011] In either case, the combustion chamber pressure vector acts in all directions, and the difference between the force acting in the opposite direction becomes the rotational force. In other words, there was a risk that the vane-type internal combustion engine would be less efficient than a reciprocating engine, which extracts more of the pressure at the top of the piston as power.

[0012] In hydrogen engines proposed in the past, even a four-cylinder engine such as that described in Patent Document 3 requires five injectors and sensors, as well as electronic devices to control them, which increases costs.

[0013] Furthermore, in the example of Patent Document 4, suppressing engine knocking by injecting water requires one water injection valve per cylinder and electronic equipment to control it, which increases costs.

[0014] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a vane-type internal combustion engine that can concentrate the vector of explosion expansion pressure in the rotation direction of the vane-type internal combustion engine. In addition, a secondary problem to be solved is to eliminate the electronic equipment in the fuel injection nozzle, thereby eliminating electrical failures. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] The invention of claim 1 provides a vane-type internal combustion engine including a housing, a rotor rotatable within the housing and eccentric to an axis of the housing, a plurality of vanes in sliding contact with an inner peripheral surface of the housing, and a plurality of vane grooves disposed in the rotor and in which the vanes slide, The region of the housing where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region surrounded by the housing, the rotor, and the vane, and a combustion chamber formed in a part of the housing different from the rotor-side region and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region, whereby fuel is exploded; a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle for ejecting high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is disposed in the combustion chamber; The rotor is provided with a rotor pressure-receiving surface that receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle.

[0016] This allows the vector of the explosion expansion pressure to be concentrated in the direction of rotation of the vane-type internal combustion engine by receiving the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle on the rotor pressure-receiving surface. Also, by dividing the area where the explosion stroke takes place into the rotor side area and the combustion chamber, the degree of freedom in the shape and size of the combustion chamber is improved.

[0017] The housing is also provided with a high-pressure combustion gas distribution passage that can communicate with the combustion chamber and into which the high-pressure combustion gas can flow, a switching valve is disposed on the opposite side of the combustion chamber from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle, and the switching valve is rotated to switch whether or not the combustion high-pressure gas is allowed to flow into the combustion high-pressure gas distribution path; A sub-nozzle capable of ejecting the high-pressure combustion gas toward the rotor pressure-receiving surface is disposed in the high-pressure combustion gas distribution passage.

[0018] According to this, by ejecting the high-pressure combustion gas from the sub-nozzle, the pressure vector of the high-pressure combustion gas can be concentrated in the rotational direction.

[0019] In addition, a reversing portion is disposed in a region of the rotor facing the rotor side region, which reverses the high-pressure combustion gas received by the rotor pressure-receiving surface and strikes the gas against the rotor pressure-receiving surface again.

[0020] According to this, the reversing portion reverses the direction of the high-pressure combustion gas and causes it to strike the rotor pressure-receiving surface again, thereby improving the efficiency of the vane-type internal combustion engine.

[0021] Further, a supercharged air guideway into which compressed air generated during the supercharging stroke flows is formed in a portion of the housing facing a region where the supercharging stroke is performed, an air switching valve is disposed in the supercharging air conduit, which switches whether or not the compressed air is allowed to flow into the combustion chamber during the supercharging stroke; The air switching valve is rotated to open and close the supercharged air conduit, The compressed air is allowed to enter the combustion chamber.

[0022] According to this, by flowing compressed air into the combustion chamber, it is possible to push out the residual combustion gas in the combustion chamber.

[0023] Further, hydrogen is used as the fuel, and a fuel injection nozzle is provided for injecting the hydrogen into the combustion chamber, the fuel injection nozzle includes a water flow passage through which water flows, a hydrogen flow passage through which the hydrogen flows, and a communication water passage that communicates with the water flow passage; a water on / off valve is disposed in the water flow passage, and a hydrogen on / off valve is disposed in the hydrogen flow passage; the water on-off valve is operated by the inflowing water, and the hydrogen on-off valve is operated by the inflowing water from the communicating water channel; When the water at a predetermined water pressure flows in from the communicating water passage, the hydrogen on / off valve opens and the hydrogen flows into the hydrogen flow passage, and when the water at a water pressure higher than the predetermined water pressure flows into the water flow passage, the water on / off valve opens and the hydrogen and water are sprayed simultaneously.

[0024] This method uses mechanical injection and no electronic devices, eliminating electrical breakdowns. Water is dispersed in the hydrogen gas, facilitating evaporation of the water during explosive combustion. The expansion force of the evaporated water is used to compensate for the power loss caused by hydrogen fuel, enabling increased power output. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is an explanatory diagram of a vane-type internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the rotation phase advanced from that of FIG. 1 of the same embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] 10 is a table showing timing transitions at the first and second rotations of the rotor in this embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a timing transition diagram for a vane-type internal combustion engine. [Figure 6] This is a continuation of Figure 5, which shows the timing transition diagram for a vane-type internal combustion engine. [Figure 7] 1. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the embodiment slightly rotated and advanced in phase from FIG. [Figure 8] This is an enlarged explanatory diagram of the primary valve, secondary valve, and surrounding areas. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the primary valve and the secondary valve. [Figure 10] This is a diagram explaining the operation of the primary and secondary valves, a continuation of Figure 9. [Figure 11] This is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the primary and secondary valves, and is a continuation of Figure 10. [Figure 12] This is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the primary and secondary valves, and is a continuation of Figure 11. [Figure 13]FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of passages for high-pressure combustion gas. [Figure 14] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of passages for high-pressure combustion gas as viewed from the axial direction of the housing. [Figure 15] FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the combustion chamber and its surroundings as viewed from the axial direction of the housing. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel injection nozzle. [Figure 18] FIG. [Figure 19] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the fuel injection nozzle when stationary. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a fuel injection nozzle during injection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] An embodiment of a vane type internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0027] The vane-type internal combustion engine 10 of this embodiment is generally configured to repeat the following strokes in one cycle: explosion, expansion, exhaust, intake (air intake), compression (air compression), supercharging, scavenging, intake (compressed air intake), and compression (second air compression).

[0028] 1 to 3, 7, etc., the vane type internal combustion engine 10 includes a housing 11, a rotatable rotor 80 housed in the housing 11, and a vane 90 attached to the rotor 80. A hollow portion is formed in the gap between the housing 11 and the rotor 80.

[0029] The housing 11 is divided into four sections: a center housing section 20, side housing sections 70, 70 arranged on both sides of the center housing section 20 in the axial direction (front-to-rear direction in Figures 1, 2, 7, etc.), and an engine head 50. Details of the center housing section 20 and the engine head 50 will be described later.

[0030] 3, each side housing portion 70 is formed in a flat plate shape and is attached to the center housing portion 20 so as to block the rotor 80 in the axial direction. Each side housing portion 70, 70 is formed with a main support hole 71 that supports a rotary shaft 81 of the rotor 80 (described later), a first support hole 72 that supports a primary valve 120, a second support hole 73 that supports a secondary valve 140, and arc-shaped elongated holes that serve as an intake port 74 and an exhaust port 75.

[0031] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, etc., the air intake port 74 is formed in the shape of an elongated circular arc hole that communicates from the side housing portion 70 to the outside so as to be able to take in atmospheric air.

[0032] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, etc., the exhaust port 75 is formed in the shape of an elongated circular arc hole behind the intake port 74 in the rotation direction R1 of the rotor 80 so as to communicate from the side housing portion 70 to the outside.

[0033] The intake port 74 and the exhaust port 75 are formed as elongated holes corresponding to the rotational direction of a recessed portion 83 (described later) formed in the rotor 80. When the recessed portion 83 is aligned with the intake port 74, air can be taken in, and when the recessed portion 83 is aligned with the exhaust port 75, air can be exhausted.

[0034] 1 to 3, 7, etc., the rotor 80 is formed in a generally cylindrical shape with a width (length in the axial direction) that is generally the same as the width of the center housing portion 20, and is disposed with its center of rotation eccentric to the axis of the center housing portion 20. A rotating shaft 81, which serves as the power output shaft, is disposed at the rotation center position of the rotor 80.

[0035] 1 to 3, 7, etc., rotor 80 is formed with vane grooves 82, in which vanes 90 slide, extending radially from the rotary shaft 81 side toward the radially outer side of rotary shaft 81. Five vane grooves 82 are formed across the entire width of rotor 80, with equal angles between each of them.

[0036] 1 to 3, 7, etc., a vane 90 is inserted into each vane groove 82. A vane pressing spring (not shown) is disposed between the vane 90 and the vane groove 82, and biases the vane 90 toward the inner peripheral surface 20a of the center housing portion 20.

[0037] On the outer peripheral surface 80a of the rotor 80, five recesses 83 are formed at equal angles when viewed from the axial direction.

[0038] A rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 is disposed in the recess 83 and receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112. The rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 is formed as a flat surface on the front side of the recess 83 in the rotation direction R1 of the rotor 80.

[0039] In the area of ​​the recess 83 facing the rotor side region 16 of the rotor 80 described later, a reversing portion 85 is provided which reverses the high-pressure combustion gas received by the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 and hits it against the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 again.

[0040] As shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, the reversing portion 85 is made up of a gas flow reversing guide pipe 86 and a gas flow reversing guide rod 87. As shown in FIGS.

[0041] The gas flow reversal guide pipe 86 is formed in a generally J-shape with an opening on the front side in the rotation direction R1 of the rotor 80. The gas flow reversal guide rod 87 is cylindrical and is arranged along the axial direction inside the gas flow reversal guide pipe 86. The gas flow reversal guide rod 87 is supported by a support member (not shown).

[0042] The vane 90 and vane tip seal 95 are the same as those in the present invention in Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-115032 (JP Patent Publication No. 2012-241672) previously filed by the applicant, and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, 7, etc., the vanes 90 are inserted into vane grooves 82 formed in the rotor 80. Each vane 90 is arranged so as to divide the hollow portion into five chambers (A, B, C, D, E).

[0044] The recesses 83 of the rotor 80 described above are formed in each of the chambers (A, B, C, D, E).

[0045] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, etc., each vane 90 is a member made of carbon impregnated with metal, and is formed in the shape of a rectangular flat plate.

[0046] On the inner surface 20a of the center housing portion 20 of the vane 90, a tip seal groove portion 91 is formed over the entire axial direction of the rotor 80, recessed toward the rotating shaft 81 of the rotor 80 and into which a vane tip seal 95 (described later) can be inserted.

[0047] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, etc., the vane tip seal 95 is formed in a prismatic shape from a member made of carbon impregnated with metal, and is fitted into each tip seal groove portion 91 over the entirety thereof.

[0048] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, 8 to 12, the center housing portion 20 is formed from a single, substantially cylindrical member, and has an inner peripheral surface 20a formed by cutting out a substantially perfect circle around the axis.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 16, the inner peripheral surface 20a of the center housing portion 20 is cast with a light metal such as aluminum alloy to cast a housing inner peripheral surface pipe 39 therein for weight reduction.

[0050] Additionally, a valve insertion hole forming groove 22 formed as a bottomed groove with a semicircular cross section that constitutes a primary valve insertion hole 17, which will be described later, is disposed around the inner circumferential surface 20a of the center housing portion 20 and on the surface 20c facing the engine head 50.

[0051] A second supercharged air intake 23 is disposed in the axial center of the center housing portion 20, and is formed as a through hole that penetrates from the inner surface 20a of the center housing portion 20 to the bottom surface of the valve insertion hole forming groove 22.

[0052] 1, etc., a discharge hole 24 is provided in the axial center of the center housing portion 20, through which high-pressure combustion gas can be discharged from the inner peripheral surface 20a of the center housing portion 20 to the outside.

[0053] An on-off valve mounting hole 25 is disposed near the inlet of the high-pressure combustion gas in the discharge hole 24. An on-off valve 26 is disposed in the on-off valve mounting hole 25, and the on-off valve 26 is biased by an on-off valve spring 27 to close the discharge hole 24. The on-off valve spring 27 is set to allow the high-pressure combustion gas to flow but not allow the compressed air to flow.

[0054] A supercharged air intake 28 is provided in the part of the center housing section 20 facing the area where the supercharged air stroke described below takes place. The supercharged air intake 28 is capable of communicating from the inner circumferential surface 20a to the first bottomed groove 29 described below and is capable of introducing compressed air generated during the supercharged air stroke.

[0055] The center housing portion 20 is provided with a first bottomed groove 29 and a second bottomed groove 30 .

[0056] The first bottomed groove 29 is formed as a bottomed groove having a rectangular cross section extending from one end face to the other end face in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 (on the front side of the paper in Figure 1, etc., it is a bottomed groove extending from the front end face to the rear end face, and on the rear side it is a bottomed groove extending from the rear end face to the front end face), and is formed so as to communicate with the supercharged air intake 28 at one end and with the valve insertion hole forming groove 22, which is formed so that the primary valve 120 can be inserted, at the other end.

[0057] The second bottomed groove 30 is formed as a bottomed groove with a rectangular cross section extending from one end face to the other end face in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 (on the front side of the paper in Figure 1, etc., it is a bottomed groove extending from the front end face to the rear end face, and on the rear side it is a bottomed groove extending from the rear end face to the front end face), and is formed so that it can communicate with the valve insertion hole forming groove 22 at one end and with the third bottomed groove 52 of the engine head 50, which will be described later, at the other end.

[0058] A combustion chamber arrangement recess 31 is formed in the center of the center housing portion 20, near the valve insertion hole forming groove 22 and in the axial center, which allows one part of the combustion chamber 110 to be arranged and which penetrates from the surface 20c facing the engine head 50 to the inner surface 20a.

[0059] In the axial center of the center housing portion 20, a fuel injection nozzle mounting recess 32 is formed as a through hole that connects from the outer peripheral surface 20b to the combustion chamber mounting recess 31, and in which a fuel injection nozzle 200, which will be described later, can be mounted.

[0060] A high-pressure gas injection nozzle portion 33 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface 20a side of the center housing portion 20 of the fuel injection nozzle arrangement recess 32. The high-pressure gas injection nozzle portion 33 is formed as a hole curved in an arc shape so as to correspond to a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112, which will be described later.

[0061] The curved high-pressure gas injection nozzle portion 33 allows the vane 90 and vane tip seal 95 to gradually come into contact in the axial direction of the rotor 80 when sliding against the inner surface 20a of the center housing portion 20, smoothing the sliding and reducing the burden on the vane 90 and vane tip seal 95 and extending their lifespan.

[0062] The center housing portion 20 is provided with a distribution passage forming groove 34 which is formed as a bottomed groove having a rectangular cross section extending from one end face to the other end face in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 (on the front side of the paper in Figure 1 etc., it is a bottomed groove extending from the front end face to the rear end face, and on the rear side it is a bottomed groove extending from the rear end face to the front end face), which can communicate with a distribution passage forming groove 53 of the engine head 50 described later and which allows the flow of high-pressure combustion gas generated during the explosion stroke.

[0063] The center housing portion 20 is provided with a first sub-nozzle forming hole 35 and a second sub-nozzle forming hole 36 that penetrate from the surface 20c facing the engine head 50 to the inner circumferential surface 20a.

[0064] The distribution passage forming groove 34, the first sub-nozzle forming hole 35, and the second sub-nozzle forming hole 36 are formed to communicate with each other, allowing the high-pressure combustion gas to flow therethrough.

[0065] The portion of the first sub-nozzle forming hole 35 on the inner circumferential surface 20 a side serves as a first sub-nozzle 37 , and the portion of the second sub-nozzle forming hole 36 on the inner circumferential surface 20 a side serves as a second sub-nozzle 38 .

[0066] In the rotation direction R1 of the rotor 80, the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle portion 33, the first sub-nozzle 37, and the second sub-nozzle 38 are arranged in this order.

[0067] The high-pressure gas injection nozzle portion 33, the first sub-nozzle 37, and the second sub-nozzle 38 are capable of injecting high-pressure combustion gas onto a rotor pressure-receiving surface 84, which will be described later.

[0068] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, 8 to 12, etc., the engine head 50 is formed in a substantially triangular prism shape.

[0069] A valve insertion hole-forming groove 51, which is a bottomed groove with a partially cut-out circular cross section and which constitutes a primary valve insertion hole 17 (described later), is disposed on the surface 50a of the engine head 50 facing the center housing section 20 and which corresponds to the valve insertion hole-forming groove 22.

[0070] When the center housing portion 20 and the engine head 50 are stacked and assembled, the area surrounded by the valve insertion hole forming groove 22 and the valve insertion hole forming groove 51 becomes the primary valve insertion hole 17 through which the primary valve 120 can be inserted.

[0071] A third bottomed groove 52 is disposed in the engine head 50. The third bottomed groove 52 is formed as a bottomed groove having a rectangular cross section extending from one end face of the center housing portion 20 of the engine head 50 to the other end face in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 (on the front side of the paper in FIG. 1 etc., it is a bottomed groove extending from the front end face to the rear end face, and on the rear side it is a bottomed groove extending from the rear end face to the front end face). One end of the third bottomed groove 52 is capable of communicating with the second bottomed groove 30, and the other end is capable of communicating with a secondary valve insertion hole 54 of the engine head 50, which will be described later.

[0072] The area surrounded by the first bottomed groove 29 and the side housing part 70 is the front half 12 of the supercharged air conduit, and when the second bottomed groove 30 and the third bottomed groove 52 are connected, the area surrounded by the second bottomed groove 30, the third bottomed groove 52 and the side housing part 70 is the rear half 13 of the supercharged air conduit.

[0073] The engine head 50 is provided with a distribution passage forming groove 53 which is formed as a bottomed groove having a rectangular cross section extending from one end face to the other end face in the axial direction of the center housing section 20 (on the front side of the paper in Figure 1, etc., it is a bottomed groove extending from the front end face to the rear end face, and on the rear side it is a bottomed groove extending from the rear end face to the front end face), which is capable of communicating with the combustion chamber 110 and allows the flow of high-pressure combustion gas generated during the explosion stroke.

[0074] The area surrounded by the distribution path forming groove 34, the distribution path forming groove 53, and the side housing portion 70 forms the combustion high-pressure gas distribution path 14.

[0075] The engine head 50 is provided with a secondary valve insertion hole 54, which is formed as a through hole with a circular cross section extending from one end face to the other end face in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 and through which the secondary valve 140 can be inserted.

[0076] The engine head 50 is provided with a primary-secondary connecting hole 55 formed to communicate between the valve insertion hole forming groove 51 and the secondary valve insertion hole 54 .

[0077] The engine head 50 is formed with a combustion chamber placement recess 56 that allows the other portion of the combustion chamber 110 to be placed therein and that penetrates from the opposing surface 50a to the secondary valve insertion hole 54.

[0078] A spark plug mounting recess 57 formed as a stepped hole is provided so as to communicate from the outer peripheral surface 50b of the engine head 50 to the combustion chamber mounting recess 56.

[0079] A spark plug 58 is disposed in the spark plug recess 57 .

[0080] As shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, 15, 16, etc., the combustion chamber 110 is made of heat-resistant stainless steel that is anti-hydrogen, and is configured as a separate body from the center housing portion 20 and the engine head 50.

[0081] The combustion chamber 110 is divided into two parts and cast together into shapes corresponding to the center housing portion 20 and the engine head 50.

[0082] The combustion chamber 110 is formed in a substantially triangular prism shape when viewed from the axial direction, and has a hollow space therein in which hydrogen gas can be exploded.

[0083] In the assembled state, the combustion chamber 110 has a combustion chamber opening 111 that opens in a substantially rectangular shape on the side of a secondary valve 140 (described later). A combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112 is disposed on the opposite side of the combustion chamber opening 111 of the combustion chamber 110.

[0084] The combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112 is curved in an arc shape and is formed slightly away from the inner circumferential surface 20 a of the center housing portion 20 , and is connectable to the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle portion 33 .

[0085] This prevents contact with the vanes 90 and vane tip seals 95, ensuring flexibility in the processing and material of the housing 11.

[0086] The combustion chamber 110 is formed with a nozzle connection hole 113 that allows connection to a fuel injection nozzle 200 .

[0087] The combustion chamber 110 is formed with a spark plug connection hole 114 that can communicate with the spark plug 58 disposed in the spark plug recess 57 (not shown in FIGS. 15 and 16).

[0088] The combustion chamber 110 is disposed in a region surrounded by the combustion chamber recess 31 of the center housing portion 20 and the combustion chamber recess 56 of the engine head 50 .

[0089] The area of ​​the housing 11 where the explosion stroke takes place is composed of a rotor side area 16 surrounded by the housing 11, the rotor 80, and the vanes 90, and a combustion chamber 110 formed in a part of the housing 11 different from the rotor side area 16, but formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor side area 16, and which explodes the fuel.

[0090] As shown in Figures 3, 8 to 12, etc., the primary valve 120 has a large diameter portion 121 and a small diameter portion 122 formed with a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 121, and is formed so that it can be inserted through the center housing portion 20 and the side housing portion 70 in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20.

[0091] The primary valve 120 has a notch 123 formed by cutting out a sector-shaped portion of the end of the large diameter portion 121 in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20. The notch 123 is formed so as to be able to communicate with the first bottomed groove 29 constituting the supercharged air conduit front half 12 and the second bottomed groove 30 constituting the supercharged air conduit rear half 13.

[0092] The primary valve 120 has a supercharged air connecting hole 124 disposed in the center of the large diameter portion 121 in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20, the supercharged air connecting hole 124 being capable of communicating with the second supercharged air intake 23 and the primary-secondary connecting hole 55. In this embodiment, the supercharged air connecting hole 124 is formed to be slightly bent.

[0093] As shown in Figures 3, 8 to 12, etc., the secondary valve 140 has a large diameter portion 141 and a small diameter portion 142 formed with a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 141, and is formed so that it can be inserted through the center housing portion 20 and the side housing portion 70 in the axial direction of the center housing portion 20.

[0094] The large diameter portion 141 has a hollow hole 143 formed along the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 .

[0095] A combustion high-pressure gas switching section 144 is disposed in the large diameter section 141 and is cut out in the shape of a wide arc when viewed from the axial direction of the center housing section 20. The combustion high-pressure gas switching section 144 is formed to allow communication between the combustion chamber 110 and the combustion high-pressure gas distribution passage 14 (number 1).

[0096] The large diameter portion 141 is provided with a supercharged air switching portion 145 (number 2) which is cut out in a wide arc shape when viewed from the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 and formed as a stepped hole so as to communicate with the hollow hole 143.

[0097] The large diameter portion 141 is provided with a second supercharged air nozzle 147 (number 3), which is cut out in a wide arc shape when viewed from the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 and formed as a stepped hole so as to communicate with the hollow hole 143. The second supercharged air nozzle 147 is formed with the same width as the combustion chamber opening 111.

[0098] The large diameter portion 141 is provided with a first supercharged air nozzle 146 (number 4), which is cut out in a wide arc shape when viewed from the axial direction of the center housing portion 20 and formed as a stepped hole so as to communicate with the hollow hole 143. The first supercharged air nozzle 146 is formed with the same width as the combustion chamber opening 111.

[0099] The supercharged air switching section 145 and the first supercharged air outlet 146 connect the rear half 13 of the supercharged air conduit to the combustion chamber 110, making it possible to send compressed air generated during the supercharging process and taken in through the supercharged air intake 28 into the combustion chamber 110.

[0100] The supercharged air switching section 145 and the second supercharged air outlet 147 connect the primary-secondary connecting hole 55 to the combustion chamber 110, making it possible to send compressed air taken in from the second supercharged air intake 23 into the combustion chamber 110.

[0101] A large-toothed pulley 160 is attached to the rotating shaft 81 of the rotor 80, and the driving force generated by the vane-type internal combustion engine 10 is transmitted via a toothed belt 161 to a valve shaft toothed pulley 162 attached to the primary valve 120.

[0102] A primary valve drive gear 164 is attached to the primary valve 120, and a secondary valve drive gear 166 is attached to the secondary valve 140, so that the driving force generated by the vane-type internal combustion engine 10 can be transmitted to the primary valve 120 and the secondary valve 140 via a large-toothed pulley 160 attached to the rotating shaft 81 of the rotor 80, a toothed belt 161, and the large-toothed pulley 160 attached to the primary valve 120.

[0103] 17 to 20, the fuel injection nozzle 200 is inserted into the fuel injection nozzle placement recess 32 of the center housing part 20. A fuel pipe (not shown) is connected to the end of the fuel injection nozzle 200 opposite the mixed gas ejection side via a pipe joint (not shown).

[0104] The fuel injection nozzle 200 includes a valve body 210 arranged on the fuel pipe side (not shown), a valve case 230, an injection nozzle mounting member 250, a mounting spacer 270, and a tip nozzle 290.

[0105] The valve body 210 is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape and includes a flange portion 211, a large diameter portion 212 formed with a smaller diameter than the flange portion 211, and a small diameter portion 213 formed with a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 212.

[0106] A through-hole 214 is disposed in the valve body 210, penetrating along the axial direction. The through-hole 214 includes a water inlet 215 through which water flows in, a large inner diameter section 216, a medium inner diameter section 217 formed with a smaller diameter than the large inner diameter section 216, and a small inner diameter section 218 formed with a smaller diameter than the medium inner diameter section 217.

[0107] The small diameter portion 213 can be threadably engaged with a first large inner diameter portion 254 (described later) of the injection nozzle attachment member 250 .

[0108] The water inlet portion 215 can be threadedly connected to a water pipe.

[0109] The valve body 210 is provided with a water distribution hole 219 that penetrates from the outer circumferential surface of the large diameter portion 212 toward the large inner diameter portion 216 .

[0110] The water distribution hole 219 serves as a communicating water passage 204 for distributing the pressure water flow that pushes and moves the multiple sleeve valve push pins 342 .

[0111] The large diameter portion 212 is provided with a hydrogen gas space forming groove 220 formed as a bottomed groove extending from the outer circumferential surface toward the inner circumferential surface.

[0112] Hydrogen gas passage holes 221 are formed in the end face of the valve body 210 opposite the water inlet port 215 and directed toward the water inlet port 215. In this embodiment, the hydrogen gas passage holes 221 are arranged at four locations at equal intervals when viewed from the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200.

[0113] A hydrogen introduction hole 222 is provided so that the hydrogen gas space forming groove 220 and the hydrogen gas passage hole 221 communicate with each other.

[0114] The valve case 230 includes a large diameter portion 231 and a small diameter portion 232 formed to have a diameter smaller than that of the large diameter portion 231, and is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape.

[0115] A through hole 233 is disposed in the valve case 230 and passes through along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200. The through hole 233 includes a large inner diameter portion 234 and a small inner diameter portion 235 that is formed with a diameter smaller than that of the large inner diameter portion 234.

[0116] The valve case 230 is provided with a hydrogen gas inlet hole 236 that penetrates from the outer circumferential surface to the inner circumferential surface.

[0117] The hydrogen gas inlet hole 236 includes a hydrogen gas inlet portion 237 and a small diameter portion 238 formed with a diameter smaller than that of the hydrogen gas inlet portion 237 .

[0118] The hydrogen gas inlet portion 237 can be threadedly connected to a hydrogen gas pipe.

[0119] The valve case 230 is provided with a valve guide arrangement hole 239 that penetrates from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface and allows a valve guide 325 (described later) to be arranged therein.

[0120] The injection nozzle attachment member 250 has a large diameter portion 251 and a small diameter portion 252 formed to have a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 251, and is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape.

[0121] The small diameter portion 252 can be threadably engaged with the fuel injection nozzle placement recess 32 .

[0122] The injection nozzle mounting member 250 is provided with a through-hole 253 that passes through along the axial direction.

[0123] The through hole 253 has a first large inner diameter portion 254, a second large inner diameter portion 255 formed with approximately the same inner diameter as the first large inner diameter portion 254, and a small inner diameter portion 256 formed with a smaller diameter than the first large inner diameter portion 254 and the second large inner diameter portion 255.

[0124] The first large inner diameter portion 254 is capable of being threadably engaged with the small diameter portion 213 of the valve body 210. The small inner diameter portion 256 is formed to have a step.

[0125] The second large inner diameter portion 255 can be threadably engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the mounting spacer 270 .

[0126] A hydrogen gas passage hole 257 is arranged on the outside of the small inner diameter portion 256, penetrating along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200 from the step surface between the first large inner diameter portion 254 and the small inner diameter portion 256 to the step surface between the second large inner diameter portion 255 and the small inner diameter portion 256.

[0127] In this embodiment, the hydrogen gas passage holes 257 are arranged at four locations at equal intervals when viewed from the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200, and are arranged so as to be able to communicate with the hydrogen gas passage holes 221 of the valve body 210.

[0128] The mounting spacer 270 is formed in a cylindrical shape and has a through hole 271 that passes through along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200. The through hole 271 has a large inner diameter portion 272 and a small inner diameter portion 273 that is formed with a diameter smaller than that of the large inner diameter portion 272.

[0129] The mounting spacer 270 has a threaded portion 274 on its outer circumferential surface that can be threadably engaged with the second large inner diameter portion 255 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250 .

[0130] The large inner diameter portion 272 can be threadably engaged with a large diameter portion 291 of the tip nozzle 290 .

[0131] The small inner diameter portion 273 is formed with a step. A hydrogen gas passage hole 275 is disposed on the outside of the small inner diameter portion 273, penetrating along the axial direction from the end face of the mounting spacer 270 on the injection nozzle mounting member 250 side to the step face between the large inner diameter portion 272 and the small inner diameter portion 273.

[0132] In this embodiment, the hydrogen gas passage holes 275 are arranged at four locations at equal intervals when viewed from the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200, and are arranged so as to be able to communicate with the hydrogen gas passage holes 257 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250, and are formed so as to be inclined toward the small inner diameter portion 273.

[0133] The tip nozzle 290 includes a large diameter portion 291 and a small diameter portion 292 formed to have a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion 291, and is formed in a stepped cylindrical shape.

[0134] The tip nozzle 290 is provided with a water passage hole 293 formed as a bottomed hole extending along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200 from the end face on the mounting spacer 270 side to the opposite end face.

[0135] The water passage hole 293 includes a large inner diameter portion 294 and a small inner diameter portion 295 formed to have a diameter smaller than that of the large inner diameter portion 294 .

[0136] The tip nozzle 290 is provided with a water injection hole 296 that penetrates from the bottom surface of the water passage hole 293 toward the end surface opposite the mounting spacer 270 .

[0137] A hydrogen gas passage hole 297 is arranged on the outside of the large inner diameter portion 294 of the tip nozzle 290, penetrating along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200 from the end face of the tip nozzle 290 on the mounting spacer 270 side to the step face between the large inner diameter portion 294 and the small inner diameter portion 295.

[0138] In this embodiment, the hydrogen gas passage holes 297 are arranged at four locations at equal intervals when viewed from the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200, and are arranged so as to be able to communicate with the hydrogen gas passage holes 275 of the mounting spacer 270, and are formed so as to be inclined toward the small inner diameter portion 295.

[0139] The tip nozzle 290 is provided with a hydrogen gas injection groove 298 formed as a bottomed groove having a semicircular cross section extending from the outer circumferential surface of the small diameter portion 292 toward the inner circumferential surface.

[0140] In this embodiment, four hydrogen gas injection grooves 298 are disposed at equal intervals when viewed from the axial direction.

[0141] The fuel injection nozzle 200 has a valve case 230 fitted onto the outside of a valve body 210 .

[0142] The dimensions are set so that a hollow space is created between the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 210 and the inner peripheral surface of the valve case 230, and this hollow space is used to form a hydrogen gas switching structure.

[0143] A cylindrical check valve 310 is threadedly disposed within the large inner diameter portion 216 of the valve body 210. The end of the check valve 310 on the injection nozzle mounting member 250 side is restricted from moving by a step surface between the large inner diameter portion 216 and the medium inner diameter portion 217 of the valve body 210.

[0144] A spherical check ball 312 is disposed on the injection nozzle mounting member 250 side of the check valve 310.

[0145] A check ball spring 314 is disposed within the medium inner diameter section 217 of the valve body 210. The end of the check ball spring 314 on the injection nozzle mounting member 250 side is restricted from movement by a step surface between the medium inner diameter section 217 and the small inner diameter section 218 of the valve body 210, allowing the check ball 312 to be urged toward the flange section 211 of the valve body 210.

[0146] A cylindrical sleeve valve 320 is fitted onto the outside of the valve body 210 and is slidable along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200 .

[0147] The sleeve valve 320 is provided with a valve guide groove 321 formed along the axial direction as a bottomed groove having a circular cross section extending from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface.

[0148] The sleeve valve 320 is provided with a hydrogen gas valve hole 322 that penetrates from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface and can communicate with the small diameter portion 238 of the hydrogen gas inlet hole 236 .

[0149] A valve guide 325 comprising a sealing member 326, a coil spring 327 and a ball 328 is disposed in the valve guide disposing hole 239 of the valve case 230.

[0150] Ball 328 of valve guide 325 rolls in valve guide groove 321, thereby restricting the movement of sleeve valve 320 in the axial direction of fuel injection nozzle 200 within a predetermined range.

[0151] A cylindrical pin retainer 340 is disposed between the sleeve valve 320 and the flange portion 211 of the valve body 210. A pin hole 341 is formed in the pin retainer 340 along the axial direction of the fuel injection nozzle 200, and a sleeve valve push pin 342 is inserted into the pin hole 341.

[0152] A pin stopper spring 343 is disposed between the sleeve valve push pin 342 and the flange portion 211 , and is capable of urging the sleeve valve push pin 342 in the opposite direction to the flange portion 211 .

[0153] With the valve case 230 fitted to the outside of the valve body 210, the small diameter portion 213 of the valve body 210 is screwed into the first large inner diameter portion 254 of the injection nozzle attachment member 250, thereby integrating the valve body 210, the valve case 230, and the injection nozzle attachment member 250.

[0154] At this time, the through-hole 214 of the valve body 210 and the through-hole 253 of the injection nozzle attachment member 250, and the hydrogen gas passage hole 221 of the valve body 210 and the hydrogen gas passage hole 257 of the injection nozzle attachment member 250 are communicated with each other.

[0155] A sleeve valve spring 350 is disposed between the sleeve valve 320 and the injection nozzle mounting member 250 .

[0156] The sleeve valve spring 350 contacts the end face of the injection nozzle mounting member 250 on the valve case 230 side and the end face of the sleeve valve 320 on the injection nozzle mounting member 250 side, and is capable of urging the sleeve valve 320 toward the flange portion 211 of the valve body 210.

[0157] Between the check ball spring 314 and the sleeve valve spring 350, the check ball spring 314 is set to have a greater biasing force.

[0158] The area surrounded by the hydrogen gas space forming groove 220 of the valve body 210, the valve case 230, and the sleeve valve spring 350 is the hydrogen gas space 201.

[0159] The threaded portion 274 of the mounting spacer 270 is threadedly engaged with the second large inner diameter portion 255 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250, and the mounting spacer 270 and the injection nozzle mounting member 250 are integrated together.

[0160] At this time, the through hole 271 of the mounting spacer 270 and the through hole 253 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250, and the hydrogen gas passage hole 275 of the mounting spacer 270 and the hydrogen gas passage hole 257 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250 are communicated with each other.

[0161] The large diameter portion 291 of the tip nozzle 290 and the large inner diameter portion 272 of the mounting spacer 270 are screwed together, and the tip nozzle 290 and the mounting spacer 270 are integrated together.

[0162] At this time, the water passage hole 293 of the tip nozzle 290 and the through-hole 271 of the mounting spacer 270 are communicated with each other, and the hydrogen gas passage hole 297 of the tip nozzle 290 and the hydrogen gas passage hole 275 of the mounting spacer 270 are communicated with each other.

[0163] The small diameter portion 252 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250 is screwed into the fuel injection nozzle placement recess 32, and the fuel injection nozzle 200 and the housing 11 are integrated together.

[0164] At this time, as shown in Figure 16, the area surrounded by the hydrogen gas injection groove 298 and the cylindrical nozzle cover pipe 300 arranged on the inner surface side of the fuel injection nozzle arrangement recess 32 is the hydrogen gas injection hole 15.

[0165] The water flow passage 202 is formed by the through-hole 214 of the valve body 210, the through-hole 253 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250, the through-hole 271 of the mounting spacer 270, the water passage hole 293 of the tip nozzle 290, the water injection hole 296, etc.

[0166] The hydrogen flow path 203 is composed of the hydrogen gas inlet hole 236 of the valve case 230, the hydrogen gas valve hole 322 of the sleeve valve 320, the hydrogen gas space 201, the hydrogen gas passage hole 221 of the valve body 210, the hydrogen gas passage hole 257 of the injection nozzle mounting member 250, the hydrogen gas passage hole 275 of the mounting spacer 270, the hydrogen gas passage hole 297 of the tip nozzle 290, the hydrogen gas injection groove 298, etc.

[0167] The components that make up the fuel injection nozzle 200 need to be protected from water corrosion. Also, consideration must be given to hydrogen embrittlement, which can cause delayed fracture. When using stainless steel, it is advisable to use stainless steel for hydrogen, as steel manufacturers have already developed materials for hydrogen use.

[0168] As a component of the fuel injection nozzle 200, the sleeve valve push pin 342 may preferably be made of a needle roller used in a ready-made needle bearing, as it is inexpensive, has excellent precision, and is strong.

[0169] From the viewpoints of sliding property and cost, engineering plastics such as monomer cast nylon can be used as the material for the pin holder 340, which is the mating part of the sleeve valve push pin 342. The same is true for the sleeve valve 320 from the viewpoints of sliding property and cost.

[0170] Of the components that make up fuel injection nozzle 200, the valve body 210, valve case 230, injection nozzle mounting member 250, mounting spacer 270, tip nozzle 290, and check valve 310 have concentric outer diameters and central holes, and are shaped to be easily processed by cold forging. In addition, the lengths of hydrogen gas passage holes 221, 257, 275, and 297 have been shortened by dividing them, which improves the discharge of chips when drilling, improving productivity and reducing costs.

[0171] On the other hand, for the tip nozzle 290, the hydrogen gas injection grooves 298 and the outer diameter threads are simultaneously machined by rolling. The four water injection holes 296 are simultaneously drilled by electrical discharge machining.

[0172] The operation of fuel injection nozzle 200 configured as described above will now be described. In Figure 19, pressurized water flows in through water inlet 215 and flows toward water distribution hole 219. Water also flows into check valve 310, but is sealed off by check ball 312, which is constantly biased by check ball spring 314, increasing the water pressure and pushing sleeve valve push pin 342 inserted into pin retainer 340. Furthermore, sleeve valve push pin 342 pushes sleeve valve 320, which is constantly biased by sleeve valve spring 350. The spring constant (load) of sleeve valve spring 350 is set smaller than that of check ball spring 314.

[0173] Meanwhile, hydrogen gas always maintains pressure, hydrogen gas valve hole 322 is closed, and hydrogen gas is pooled in hydrogen gas inlet hole 236. As shown in Figure 20, the water pressure increases further, and sleeve valve push pin 342 is pushed out by the water pressure, pushing and moving sleeve valve 320.

[0174] Then, valve guide groove 321 moves to a position where it acts as a stopper and stops. At this time, hydrogen gas passes through hydrogen gas valve hole 322, which communicates with small diameter portion 238 of hydrogen gas inlet hole 236, hydrogen gas space 201, hydrogen introduction hole 222, hydrogen gas passage hole 221, hydrogen gas passage hole 257, hydrogen gas passage hole 275, and hydrogen gas passage hole 297, and is injected from tip nozzle 290.

[0175] Meanwhile, the water pressure increases and exceeds the load of check ball spring 314, pushing check ball 312, which had been in close contact with check valve 310, away from it, and the water flows in through the gap, passing through through-hole 253, through-hole 271, and water passage hole 293, before being sprayed from water spray hole 296. When water spraying ends, the internal pressure of water distribution hole 219 and check valve 310 drops, and the biasing force of check ball spring 314 causes check valve 310 and check ball 312 to come into close contact with each other.

[0176] At this point, the load of the sleeve valve spring 350 is set to be greater than the force of the sleeve valve push pin 342, so the sleeve valve push pin 342 tries to return to its original position. The sleeve valve push pin 342 then returns to its original position while being cushioned by the pin stopper spring 343.

[0177] 4 to 6, in the vane type internal combustion engine 10 of the embodiment configured as described above, each stroke is performed in each chamber divided by the vane 90 with the rotation of the rotor 80. In this case, in each chamber, one explosion occurs for every two revolutions of the rotor 80, during which the following strokes are performed: expansion, exhaust, intake (air intake), compression (air compression), supercharging, scavenging, intake (compressed air intake), and compression (second air compression).

[0178] The vane type internal combustion engine 10 is an improvement of the vane type internal combustion engine previously proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-223338 (JP Patent Publication No. 2008-45513 A). Each stroke of the vane type internal combustion engine 10 described above is the same in the present invention, so detailed explanations will be omitted.

[0179] In the vane type internal combustion engine 10 of the present invention, the stroke corresponding to the mixed gas compression stroke in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-223338 is compression (second air compression stroke), which is slightly different, but the operating principle other than this stroke is the same.

[0180] In Fig. 1, for every one rotation of large-toothed pulley 160 attached to rotary shaft 81 of rotor 80, valve shaft toothed pulley 162, driven in sync with toothed belt 161, rotates at a ratio of 2.5 rotations. When rotor 80 rotates one-fifth (72°), primary valve 120 and secondary valve 140 rotate together one-half (180°) due to the gear meshing of primary valve drive gear 164 and secondary valve drive gear 166. Fig. 2 shows the rotor 80 rotated 72° from Fig. 1, with the phase shifted.

[0181] Figures 5 and 6 are tables showing the timing transitions of the strokes during the first and second rotations of the rotor 80 during the timing transitions of each stroke, and show the stroke progress status in each of chambers A, B, C, D, and E, which strokes No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are performing, and the injection timing of the fuel injection nozzle 200.

[0182] Although the table in Figure 4 indicates that the injection occurs at the same position as the explosion, in reality, the hydrogen fuel and water are injected and ignited at a position sandwiched between the compression (second air compression stroke) and explosion stroke.

[0183] Hydrogen fuel has 10 times the ignition sensitivity and 7 times the combustion speed of gasoline. When the combustion speed is high, the combustion gas pressure rises suddenly, and in a reciprocating engine, this is considered to be an abnormal combustion state known as knocking. However, in the vane-type internal combustion engine 10 according to the present invention, the sudden impact force of the combustion gas strikes the rotor pressure surface 84 of the rotor 80, converting it into rotational force, thereby improving output.

[0184] In Figures 5 and 6, the vane-type internal combustion engine 10 of the present invention has five injection strokes and five explosion strokes during two rotations of the rotor 80, and the nine strokes of explosion, expansion, exhaust, intake (air intake), compression (air compression), supercharging, scavenging, intake (compressed air intake), and compression (second air compression stroke) are repeated in each of the five chambers, as indicated by 1 to 5 and 6 to 10.

[0185] As shown in Fig. 7, in a vane-type internal combustion engine 10, one of the spaces (chambers) surrounded by the rotor 80, the housing 11, and the five vanes 90 has conventionally been used as a combustion chamber for burning fuel. In the present invention, this has been eliminated, and combustion chamber 110 is located in a different location from the conventional one.

[0186] The entire process is performed in two revolutions of the rotor in the direction R1: explosion, expansion, exhaust, intake (air intake), compression (air compression), supercharging, scavenging, intake (compressed air intake), and compression (secondary air compression).

[0187] In Figure 7, the space is treated as a chamber, and each chamber A, B, C, D, and E shows the state in which each process of explosion, compression (air compression), intake (compressed air intake), exhaust, and supercharging is taking place.

[0188] The rotor 80, primary valve 120, and secondary valve 140 rotate in a rotation direction R1 of the rotor 80, a primary valve rotation direction R2, and a secondary valve rotation direction R3. The rotation ratio is 1 for the rotor 80 and 2.5 for the secondary valve 140 that meshes with the primary valve 120. In other words, when the rotor 80 rotates once, the primary valve 120 and secondary valve 140 rotate 2.5 times.

[0189] Since the chamber is divided into five equal parts, when the rotor 80 rotates one-fifth, in other words, 72°, the primary valve 120 and secondary valve 140 rotate 2.5 / 5 (1 / 2), in other words, 180°.

[0190] The primary valve 120 and the secondary valve 140 are meshed with each other by gears, and the primary valve rotates in a direction R2 and the secondary valve rotates in a direction R3. The combustion mechanism is such that, for example, hydrogen gas and water are sprayed into the combustion chamber 110 from the fuel injection nozzle 200, and then the spark plug 58 ignites the mixture with a spark, causing explosive combustion.

[0191] Next, as shown in Figure 8, in the combustion chamber 110, the water becomes steam due to the heat generated by the explosive combustion of hydrogen, and becomes highly pressurized. That is, it becomes a combusted high-pressure gas containing high-pressure steam, and with the impact pressure of the explosion, it is accelerated by the narrowed nozzle from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112 and strikes the rotor pressure surface 84.

[0192] Flow direction G1 of the high-pressure combustion gas is reflected at an angle symmetrical to the angle at which it was incident on the rotor pressure surface 84. The reflected flow direction G1 of the high-pressure combustion gas at the reversing section 85 is led into the gap between the gas flow reversing guide pipe 86 and the gas flow reversing guide rod 87, where it increases in speed in this narrowed passage and is guided to the inner surface of the gas flow reversing guide pipe 86, where it reverses direction. The high-pressure combustion gas slows down and its pressure increases from the outlet of the reversing section 85, once again exerting a force pressing against the rotor pressure surface 84.

[0193] Furthermore, the high-pressure combustion gas flows from the combustion chamber opening 111 of the combustion chamber 110 through the high-pressure combustion gas switching unit 144 of the secondary valve 140 and through the opening 14a of the high-pressure combustion gas distribution path 14 into the high-pressure combustion gas distribution path 14.

[0194] The high-pressure combustion gas then passes through the high-pressure combustion gas distribution passage 14, the first auxiliary nozzle forming hole 35, the second auxiliary nozzle forming hole 36, and is ejected from the first auxiliary nozzle 37 and the second auxiliary nozzle 38, pressing against the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 and further propelling the rotation of the vane-type internal combustion engine 10.

[0195] Next, the high-pressure combustion gas remaining in the combustion chamber 110 is discharged and the intake air is converted into fresh air by supplying it from the combustion chamber opening 111 via a supercharger switching unit 145, a first supercharger nozzle 146, and a second supercharger nozzle 147. The secondary valves 140 are numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4 to make their operating positions easier to understand.

[0196] The phase changes and their functions caused by the movement of each part in accordance with the rotation direction R1 of the vane type internal combustion engine 10 (rotor 80) will be described from FIG. 9 to FIG.

[0197] 9, fuel injected from fuel injection nozzle 200 is ignited by spark plug 58 and explodes and burns inside combustion chamber 110. Combustion chamber opening 111 is closed by secondary valve 140, and high-pressure combustion gas is ejected from combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112, striking rotor pressure surface 84 with a pressing force that becomes the rotational force of vane-type internal combustion engine 10. At this time, the flow direction G1 of the high-pressure combustion gas that hits rotor pressure surface 84 is reversed by gas flow reversal guide pipe 86 and gas flow reversal guide rod 87 of reversing portion 85 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 8, and hits rotor pressure surface 84 again. The high-pressure combustion gas then passes through exhaust hole 24 and flows out of the aircraft.

[0198] Next, in Figure 10, after a small rotation, the combustion high-pressure gas switching portion 144 is aligned with the combustion chamber opening 111 and the opening 14a of the combustion high-pressure gas distribution passage 14. The combustion high-pressure gas then passes from the combustion chamber 110 through the combustion high-pressure gas distribution passage 14, passes through the first and second auxiliary nozzle forming holes 35 and 36, and is ejected from the respective tips of the first and second auxiliary nozzles 37 and 38, where it strikes and presses the rotor pressure surface 84 with a time lag between the first and second auxiliary nozzles 37 and 38. This increases the rotational force of the vane-type internal combustion engine 10. The combustion high-pressure gas then passes through the exhaust hole 24 and exits the engine.

[0199] In Figure 11, the rotation progresses a little further, and compressed air flows from the front part of the region in the rotor rotation direction R1 where the supercharging stroke occurs, through the supercharged air intake 28, and into the supercharged air conduit front half 12. The cutout 123 provided in the primary valve 120 matches with the supercharged air conduit front half 12 and the supercharged air conduit rear half 13. The supercharged air then passes through the supercharged air switching unit 145, hollow hole 143, first supercharged air nozzle 146, and combustion chamber opening 111 provided in the secondary valve 140, into the combustion chamber 110, and pushes out the residual combustion gas.

[0200] 12, the rotation progresses a little further, and compressed air flows into the rear portion of the region where the supercharging stroke is performed in the rotor rotation direction R1, with the second supercharged air intake 23, the supercharged air connecting hole 124, and the primary-secondary connecting hole 55 all aligned. The supercharged air then flows into the combustion chamber 110 via the second supercharged air outlet 147 through the hollow hole 143 by the supercharged air switching unit 145 disposed in the secondary valve 140, through the combustion chamber opening 111, and into the combustion chamber 110. This causes the combustion chamber 110 to be filled with air.

[0201] The vane type internal combustion engine 10 of this embodiment is a vane type internal combustion engine including a housing 11, a rotor 80 that is built in eccentrically with respect to the axis of the housing 11 and is rotatable within the housing 11, a plurality of vanes 90 that come into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface 20a of the housing 11, and a plurality of vane grooves 82 that are arranged in the rotor 80 and in which the vanes 90 slide, The region of the housing 11 where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region 16 surrounded by the housing 11, the rotor 80, and the vanes 90, and a combustion chamber 110 formed in a part of the housing 11 different from the rotor-side region 16 and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region 16, in which the fuel explodes; The combustion chamber 110 is provided with a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112 for ejecting the high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 110. The rotor 80 is provided with a rotor pressure receiving surface 84 that receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112 .

[0202] With this, the vector of the explosion expansion pressure can be concentrated in the rotation direction of the vane-type internal combustion engine by receiving the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112 on the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84. Also, by dividing the area where the explosion stroke takes place into the rotor-side area 16 and the combustion chamber 110, the degree of freedom in the shape and size of the combustion chamber 110 is improved.

[0203] The housing 11 is also provided with a high-pressure combustion gas distribution passage 14 that can communicate with the combustion chamber 110 and through which high-pressure combustion gas can flow. On the opposite side of the combustion chamber 110 from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 112, a primary valve 120 and a secondary valve 140 are arranged as switching valves, and by rotating the primary valve 120 and the secondary valve 140, it is possible to switch whether or not the combustion high-pressure gas is allowed to flow into the combustion high-pressure gas distribution path 14. A first auxiliary nozzle 37 and a second auxiliary nozzle 38 are disposed in the combustion high-pressure gas distribution passage 14 and are capable of ejecting the combustion high-pressure gas toward the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 .

[0204] According to this, by ejecting high pressure combustion gas from the first sub-nozzle 37 and the second sub-nozzle 38, the pressure vector of the high pressure combustion gas can be concentrated in the rotation direction.

[0205] In addition, a reversing portion 85 is provided in the area of ​​the rotor 80 facing the rotor side area 16, which reverses the high-pressure combustion gas received by the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 and makes it hit the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 again.

[0206] According to this, the reversing portion 85 reverses the combustion high-pressure gas and causes it to hit the rotor pressure-receiving surface 84 again, thereby improving engine efficiency.

[0207] In addition, a supercharged air conduit front half 12 and a supercharged air conduit rear half 13 into which compressed air generated during the supercharging stroke flows are formed in the portion of the housing 11 facing the area where the supercharging stroke is performed, The supercharged air conduit front half 12 and the supercharged air conduit rear half 13 are provided with a primary valve 120 and a secondary valve 140, which switch whether or not compressed air is allowed to flow into the combustion chamber 110 during the supercharging stroke. The primary valve 120 and the secondary valve 140 rotate to open and close the supercharged air conduit front half 12 and the supercharged air conduit rear half 13. Compressed air is allowed to enter the combustion chamber 110 .

[0208] According to this, by flowing compressed air into the combustion chamber 110, it is possible to push out the residual combustion gas within the combustion chamber 110.

[0209] In addition, hydrogen is used as fuel, and a fuel injection nozzle 200 is provided to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber 110. The fuel injection nozzle 200 includes a water flow passage 202 through which water flows, a hydrogen flow passage 203 through which hydrogen flows, and a communication water passage 204 that communicates with the water flow passage 202, A check valve 310 and a check ball 312 are provided in the water flow passage 202 as water on / off valves, and a sleeve valve 320 is provided in the hydrogen flow passage 203 as a hydrogen on / off valve. The check valve 310 and check ball 312 as water on / off valves are operated by the inflowing water, and the sleeve valve 320 as hydrogen on / off valve is operated by the inflowing water from the communicating water channel 204 via the sleeve valve push pin 342. When water at a predetermined pressure flows in from the communicating water passage 204, the hydrogen on / off valve opens, and hydrogen flows into the hydrogen flow passage 203. When water at a pressure higher than the predetermined pressure flows into the water flow passage 202, the water on / off valve opens, and hydrogen and water are sprayed simultaneously.

[0210] This method uses mechanical injection and no electronic devices, eliminating electrical breakdowns. Water is dispersed in the hydrogen gas, facilitating evaporation of the water during explosive combustion. The expansion force of the evaporated water is used to compensate for the power loss caused by hydrogen fuel, enabling increased power output.

[0211] While the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and the present invention also includes equivalents thereof.

[0212] In addition to hydrogen, examples of the fuel used in the present invention include LPG, LNG, methane gas, and the like. [Explanation of symbols]

[0213] 10 Vane-type internal combustion engine 11. Housing 12. First half of supercharged air passage 13 Rear half of supercharged air duct 14 Combustion high pressure gas distribution line 16 Rotor side area 20 Center housing section 20a Inner surface 37 First auxiliary nozzle 38 Second auxiliary nozzle 80 rotors 82 Vane groove 84 Rotor pressure surface 85 Reversal section 90 vanes 110 Combustion chamber 112 Combustion chamber high pressure gas ejection nozzle 120 Primary valve 140 Secondary valve 200 fuel injection nozzle 202 Water passage 203 Hydrogen flow path 204 Connecting waterway 310 Check valve 312 Check Ball 320 Sleeve Valve

Claims

1. A vane-type internal combustion engine comprising: a housing; a rotor rotatable within the housing and eccentric to an axis of the housing; a plurality of vanes in sliding contact with an inner peripheral surface of the housing; and a plurality of vane grooves disposed in the rotor and in which the vanes slide, The region of the housing where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region surrounded by the housing, the rotor, and the vanes, and a combustion chamber formed in a part of the housing different from the rotor-side region and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region, whereby fuel is exploded; The explosion of the fuel occurs only in the combustion chamber, and a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle is disposed in the combustion chamber to eject high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber, a rotor pressure receiving surface provided on the rotor for receiving the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle;

2. A vane-type internal combustion engine comprising: a housing; a rotor eccentrically built into the housing and rotatable within the housing; a plurality of vanes that slide against the inner peripheral surface of the housing; and a plurality of vane grooves that are arranged on the rotor and in which the vanes slide, The region of the housing where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region surrounded by the housing, the rotor, and the vanes, and a combustion chamber formed in a part of the housing different from the rotor-side region and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region, whereby fuel is exploded; a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle for ejecting high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is disposed in the combustion chamber; the rotor is provided with a rotor pressure-receiving surface that receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle; a combustion high-pressure gas distribution passage that can communicate with the combustion chamber and through which the combustion high-pressure gas can flow is disposed in the housing; a switching valve is disposed on the opposite side of the combustion chamber from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle, and the switching valve is rotated to switch whether or not the combustion high-pressure gas is allowed to flow into the combustion high-pressure gas distribution path; a sub-nozzle arranged in the high-pressure combustion gas distribution passage for ejecting the high-pressure combustion gas toward the rotor pressure-receiving surface;

3. A vane-type internal combustion engine comprising: a housing; a rotor eccentrically built into the housing and rotatable within the housing; a plurality of vanes that slide against the inner peripheral surface of the housing; and a plurality of vane grooves that are arranged on the rotor and in which the vanes slide, The region of the housing where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region surrounded by the housing, the rotor, and the vanes, and a combustion chamber formed in a part of the housing different from the rotor-side region and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region, whereby fuel is exploded; a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle for ejecting high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is disposed in the combustion chamber; the rotor is provided with a rotor pressure-receiving surface that receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle; a reversing section disposed in a region of the rotor facing the rotor-side region, the reversing section reversing the high-pressure combustion gas received on the rotor pressure-receiving surface and bringing the gas back into contact with the rotor pressure-receiving surface.

4. A vane-type internal combustion engine comprising: a housing; a rotor eccentrically built into the housing and rotatable within the housing; a plurality of vanes that slide against the inner peripheral surface of the housing; and a plurality of vane grooves that are arranged on the rotor and in which the vanes slide, The region of the housing where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region surrounded by the housing, the rotor, and the vanes, and a combustion chamber formed in a part of the housing different from the rotor-side region and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region, whereby fuel is exploded; a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle for ejecting high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is disposed in the combustion chamber; the rotor is provided with a rotor pressure-receiving surface that receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle; a supercharged air conduit into which compressed air generated during the supercharging stroke flows is formed in a portion of the housing facing a region where the supercharging stroke is performed, an air switching valve is disposed in the supercharging air conduit, which switches whether or not the compressed air is allowed to flow into the combustion chamber during the supercharging stroke; The air switching valve is rotated to open and close the supercharged air conduit, A vane-type internal combustion engine, characterized in that the compressed air is allowed to flow into the combustion chamber.

5. A vane-type internal combustion engine comprising: a housing; a rotor eccentrically built into the housing and rotatable within the housing; a plurality of vanes that slide against the inner peripheral surface of the housing; and a plurality of vane grooves that are arranged on the rotor and in which the vanes slide, The region of the housing where the explosion stroke occurs is composed of a rotor-side region surrounded by the housing, the rotor, and the vanes, and a combustion chamber formed in a part of the housing different from the rotor-side region and formed so as to be able to communicate with the rotor-side region, whereby fuel is exploded; a combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle for ejecting high-pressure combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is disposed in the combustion chamber; the rotor is provided with a rotor pressure-receiving surface that receives the high-pressure combustion gas ejected from the combustion chamber high-pressure gas ejection nozzle; Hydrogen is used as the fuel, and a fuel injection nozzle is provided for injecting the hydrogen into the combustion chamber. the fuel injection nozzle includes a water flow passage through which water flows, a hydrogen flow passage through which the hydrogen flows, and a communication water passage that communicates with the water flow passage; a water on / off valve is disposed in the water flow passage, and a hydrogen on / off valve is disposed in the hydrogen flow passage; the water on-off valve is operated by the inflowing water, and the hydrogen on-off valve is operated by the inflowing water from the communicating water channel; When the water at a predetermined water pressure flows in from the communicating water passage, the hydrogen on-off valve opens, allowing the hydrogen to flow into the hydrogen flow passage, and when the water at a water pressure higher than the predetermined water pressure flows into the water flow passage, the water on-off valve opens, allowing the hydrogen and the water to be injected simultaneously.

Images