Shellfish farming method and shellfish farming system

Abstract

To provide a shellfish cultivation method and a shellfish cultivation system excellent in business profitability.SOLUTION: A shellfish cultivation system of the present invention includes: a breeding water tank 1 that breeds shellfish; water quality measurement means 2 that measures water quality in the breeding water tank 1; feeding means 3 that gives bait to the shellfish; purification means 4 that purifies water in the breeding water tank 1; and control means 5 that switches between feeding and purifying. When the shellfish is cultivated in the water tank, a feeding step of giving bait to the shellfish and a purification step of purifying water in the water tank are performed by switching the steps by a control step.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shellfish farming method and system, and more particularly to a shellfish farming method and system suitable for cultivating marine bivalve mollusks on land. [Background technology]

[0002] The technology described in Patent Document 1 is known as a technology relating to a shellfish farming method and a shellfish farming system. The technology described in Patent Document 1 is a shellfish farming method that includes an algae cultivation process in which algae are placed in culture water for culturing the algae and the algae are cultivated in order to promote the growth of the shellfish; an algae supplying process in which the algae cultivated in the algae cultivation process is supplied to culture water that contains the shellfish to be cultivated and calcium silicate-containing material; and a shellfish farming process in which shellfish are cultivated in the culture water to which the algae has been supplied in the algae supplying process.The farming method includes an algae culture tank for culturing the algae, a shellfish farming tank that contains the algae cultivated in the algae culture tank, the shellfish, the calcium silicate-containing material, and culture water, and for cultivating the shellfish, and a pipeline for supplying algae from the algae culture tank to the shellfish farming tank. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-156404 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The aquaculture technology described in Patent Document 1 is a type in which aquaculture water is poured over the fish, and therefore has problems with business profitability. Therefore, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a shellfish farming method and shellfish farming system that are highly profitable as a business. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The means for solving the problems of the present invention are as follows.

[0006] First, A shellfish farming method characterized in that, when cultivating shellfish in an aquarium, a feeding process for feeding the shellfish with food and a purification process for purifying the water in the aquarium are carried out by switching between them using a control process. Here, it is desirable that the switching by the control process be performed automatically at a predetermined time, but it is also possible to manually switch at any timing. The switching can be performed by forming a separate flow path using a three-way valve. Second, Further comprising a water quality measurement step of measuring the water quality in the aquarium, The shellfish farming method described in the first aspect is characterized in that the control step switches based on the ammonia (ammonia nitrogen) concentration measured in the water quality measurement step. The measured ammonia concentration is judged as "Caution" at 0.70 to 0.79 mg / L, "Warning" at 0.80 to 0.89 mg / L, and "Danger" at 0.90 mg / L or higher. If the concentration is 0.70 mg / L or higher ("Caution"), it is determined that there is high ammonia in the tank, feeding is immediately stopped, and the purification process is switched on. If the measured ammonia concentration is then less than 0.70 mg / L, it is determined that the aquarium is in a low ammonia state, and the process is switched from the purification process to the feeding process. However, the values ​​can be appropriately changed on the cloud depending on the growth stage and type of shellfish.

[0007] Third, a breeding tank for breeding shellfish; feeding means for feeding the shellfish; Purification means for purifying water in the aquarium; A shellfish farming system characterized by having a control means for switching between feeding and purification. Here, it is desirable that the control means automatically switches at a predetermined time interval, but it is also possible to manually switch at any timing. The switching can be performed by forming a separate flow path using a three-way valve. Fourth, Further provided is a water quality measuring means for measuring the water quality in the breeding aquarium, The shellfish farming system described in claim 3, characterized in that the control means switches based on the ammonia concentration measured by the water quality measuring means. If the measured ammonia concentration is 0.70 mg / L or higher, it is determined that the breeding tank is in a high ammonia state, and feeding is immediately stopped and purification is switched on. Furthermore, if the measured ammonia concentration is less than 0.70 mg / L, it is determined that the ammonia level in the breeding tank is low, and the system switches from purification to feeding. Fifth, The shellfish farming system described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the purification means is a combination of a foam separator, a denitrification device, and a biological filtration device.

[0008] The shellfish that are the subject of the present invention are preferably marine bivalves.

[0009] In addition to using a single aquarium as a breeding tank, it is possible to disperse the risk of mass mortality by arranging multiple tanks in parallel. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, two systems, a purification system and a feeding system, are prepared in parallel, and aquaculture is carried out on land using a technology that switches between purification and feeding and does not discharge the fed feed into the purification system.This makes it possible to eliminate feed waste and reduce feed costs, allowing for aquaculture with excellent business profitability. Furthermore, by measuring and controlling ammonia concentrations, the risk of shellfish death can be reduced, which increases the survival rate of shellfish during the period when they are grown to shipping size, making it possible to further improve the profitability of the business. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a shellfish farming system of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the shellfish farming method of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shellfish farming system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description here is one embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0013] As shown in Figure 1, the shellfish farming system of the present invention comprises a breeding tank 1 for breeding shellfish, a water quality measuring means 2 for measuring the water quality in the breeding tank 1, a feeding means 3 for feeding the shellfish, a purification means 4 for purifying the water in the breeding tank 1, and a control means 5 for switching between feeding and purification. These means can also be constructed using existing closed circulation type fish and shellfish farming facilities.

[0014] [Breeding tank] The breeding tank 1 is for cultivating marine bivalves, and is filled with seawater whose composition has been adjusted for cultivating bivalves. Although not shown in the drawings, an air stone is installed in the breeding aquarium 1 to send air from a blower into the breeding aquarium 1.

[0015] [Water quality measurement means] The water quality measuring means 2 is composed of observation equipment that can constantly monitor water quality items necessary for bivalves (water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, and ammonia), and is used to inspect and measure the water quality in the breeding tank 1. Although not shown in the figure, an ammonia sensor is provided based on the knowledge that ammonia affects the growth of bivalves.

[0016] [Feeding Method] The feeding means 3 supplies the breeding tank 1 with feeding water made from artificial seawater in which algae, which are food for bivalves, are suspended at a high density.

[0017] [Purification Method] The purification means 4, not shown in the figure, is composed of a foam separator, a biological filter, a denitrification device, a circulation pump, etc., and purifies the water in the breeding tank 1 and returns it to the breeding tank 1 in a repeated cycle.

[0018] [Control means] The control means 5 controls the feeding and feeding stop operations by the feeding means 3 and the purification and purification stop operations by the purification means 4, as well as switching between the feeding operation by the feeding means 3 and the purification operation by the purification means 4, and is capable of operating in a cloud environment. The switching can be done by switching between the feeding system and the purification system using a three-way valve. The control means 5 automatically switches the mode at a predetermined time interval. Although not shown, a water level sensor is provided to prevent the pump from operating without water when it is used for cleaning or feeding.

[0019] Furthermore, the control means 5 can control the feeding means 3 and the purification means 4 based on the water quality information from the water quality measurement means 2. For example, the ammonia concentration measured by the water quality measuring means 2 can be used to control the switching, feeding and purification operations by the control means 5.

[0020] Next, the shellfish farming method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In Figure 2, two tanks (tank A and tank B) are prepared to spread the risk. The data from the water quality measurements here is also monitored in the cloud.

[0021] In tank A, purification is carried out by switching the valve, and then feeding is carried out by switching. The shellfish are then cultivated by alternating between the processes of purification → feeding → purification.

[0022] For tank B, the valve is controlled by the opening time, and after feeding, the purification process is started by switching while checking the water quality measurement data. After that, the process changes from feeding to purification, but if water quality measurements indicate that the ammonia concentration is high, feeding is immediately stopped and the process switches to purification, which makes it possible to prevent the death of shellfish. After a while, if water quality measurements determine that the ammonia concentration is low, feeding can be resumed by switching over, ensuring that shellfish can be cultivated. [Example]

[0023] As shown in Figure 3, the shellfish farming system of this embodiment has a total of four breeding tanks: two breeding tanks 1A01 and 1A02 in system A, and two breeding tanks 1B01 and 1B02 in system B. Each aquarium is made of 8mm thick acrylic and has an outer diameter of 45cm wide, 120cm long, and 45cm high.

[0024] The feeding water generating tank, referenced 32, is a square container made of polypropylene, with external dimensions of 50 cm width, 70 cm length, and 41 cm height, and a capacity of 104 liters.

[0025] In the diagram, the P's refer to pump-related equipment: 1P is a breeding water circulation pump using a magnetic pump, 2P is a water quality measurement circulation pump using a magnetic pump, 3P1 is a feeding pump using an amphibious pump, 3P2 is a produced seawater pump using a stainless steel submersible pump, and 4P is a denitrification device circulation pump using a magnetic pump. The equipment indicated by symbols in the diagram is a ball valve (U-PVC, TS type), a cock (U-PVC, male thread x hose), a ball check valve (U-PVC, TS type), a constant flow valve (U-PVC, JIS10KF 25A B type), an electric three-way ball valve (U-PVC, TS type, double L-port), and an electric ball valve (U-PVC, TS type). In the figure, 61 is a blower that sends air, and 62 is an air stone that supplies air from the blower into the breeding tank.

[0026] In this embodiment, a water quality measuring device 21 connected to each breeding tank is provided as a water quality measuring means, and it is possible to constantly monitor water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, and ammonia. In addition, an independent ammonia sensor 22 is provided, making it possible to measure the ammonia concentration in each breeding tank.

[0027] In this embodiment, the feeding means includes a feeding water supply machine 31, a feeding water generation tank 32, and an artificial seawater generation tank 33, and artificial seawater containing algae components that serve as food for bivalves can be supplied to the breeding tanks (1A01, 1A02, 1B01, 1B02). The artificial seawater generated in the artificial seawater generating tank 33 can also be supplied to the biological filtration device 43.

[0028] In this embodiment, a foam separator 41, a denitrification device 42, and a biological filtration device 43 are provided as purification means, and the water in the breeding tanks (1A01, 1A02, 1B01, 1B02) can be purified. In this way, the combined use of the foam separator 41, denitrification device 42, and biological filter 43 is effective in removing the source of ammonia. This is based on the findings of the present inventors that ammonia is highly toxic to bivalves even after short-term exposure, and is a major cause of mass mortality. In other words, in closed-circuit bivalve aquaculture, even the death of a small number of individuals causes a rapid increase in ammonia in the seawater, and if other individuals are affected, they will die in large numbers in a chain reaction. Therefore, we have learned that efficiently removing proteins such as feed residues and the large amounts of bivalve excrement (urine and feces), which are sources of ammonia, is extremely effective in increasing the survival rate of bivalve mollusks. To this end, we have conducted extensive research into effective purification methods and have confirmed that a combination of a foam separator 41, a denitrification device 42, and a biological filter 43 is extremely effective for bivalve farming. In this embodiment, a breeding facility control panel 51 and a measuring equipment control panel 52 are provided as control means, and it is possible to switch between cleaning and feeding at set time intervals.

[0029] In the figure, reference numeral 71 denotes a water level sensor for the rearing facility, which is a titanium sensor placed in a pipe linked to the internal water level of the biological filtration device 43, and senses the water level at one point of LWL. When the breeding facility water level sensor 71 detects that the water level is below LWL, the control means issues an alarm and shuts down the system. Reference numeral 72 denotes a feeding equipment water level sensor using a titanium sensor that detects the water level of the feed and water supplier 31, and detects the water level at two points, HWL and LWL.

[0030] The aquarium water circulation pump 1P operates alternately when the three-way valve MV-1 is switched. If the switching time is 180 minutes (3 hours), that would be 8 times per day. However, the numerical values ​​can be appropriately changed on the breeding facility control panel 51 depending on the growth stage and type of shellfish.

[0031] The foam separator 41 has an aerator condenser built into the rearing facility control panel 51. The foam separator 41 is operated in conjunction with the driving of the breeding water circulation pump 1P.

[0032] The operation of the 4P denitrification water circulation pump is not controlled by a valve, but is automatically switched on and off by a timer, with switching occurring once a day.

[0033] The water quality measurement circulation pump 2P operates alternately when switching between MV2 and MV3. Water is supplied to the four breeding tanks (1A01, 1A02, 1B01, 1B02) by operating the water quality measurement circulation pump 2P in the A and B systems. If the switching time is 30 minutes (0.5 hours), this comes to 48 times per day. However, the numerical values ​​can be appropriately changed on the breeding facility control panel 51 depending on the growth stage and type of shellfish.

[0034] The feed pump 3P1 operates when the feed and water supplier 31 is at low water level, and stops when the feed and water supplier 31 is at high water level. Here, since the full capacity of the seawater supply machine 31 is 3 liters, the operation time of the feed pump 3P1 is short, but it is performed by switching between MV4-1 and MV4-2 each time.

[0035] MV4 is opened when the feed and water dispenser 31 is in HWL, and is closed when the supply is completed. The opening and closing interval is 5 minutes, and the system operates 8 times a day. However, the numerical values ​​can be appropriately changed on the breeding facility control panel 51 depending on the growth stage and type of shellfish.

[0036] The produced seawater pump 3P1 and the blower 61 are operated manually.

[0037] Various measurement data from the water quality measurement storage device 21, switching control data, etc. are collected and stored on the cloud. Furthermore, automatic feeding by the feeding water supply machine 31 can be carried out efficiently according to the shell opening and closing status and ecology of the bivalve mollusks, and although not shown in the figure, the shell opening and closing status can be checked using a surveillance camera, and the feeding time and amount can be controlled remotely.

[0038] Bivalves mainly feed on phytoplankton (algae), and they need to eat large amounts of algae to grow. Bivalves filter feed, which results in high density algae suspended in the water, but they do not ingest all of the algae provided. In conventional closed-loop land-based aquaculture systems, most of the feed is left as residue (left over food) and flows directly into the purification system where it is removed. This results in extremely high feed costs. In this regard, in the system according to this embodiment, the water circulation system of the breeding tank is controlled by switching between two systems, system A and system B, which are switched over at a time difference of, for example, three hours. Here, by connecting the feeding system A to the purification system and the non-feeding system B to the purification system to purify the water, the feed in system A does not flow into the purification system, and exposure time to high-density feed is secured, allowing for more efficient feeding. In other words, the system of this embodiment, which is divided into two systems, system A and system B, and in which two tanks are provided in each system to spread risk, makes it possible to operate the system extremely efficiently and has excellent business profitability.

[0039] [Test example] Oysters, a type of bivalve, were cultured using the shellfish culture system equipped with four tanks according to Example 1 above, and their survival rates were investigated. The results are shown in the table.

[0040] [Table 1]

[0041] Considering the above results, the average survival rate after 35 days was 91% (n=4), which indicates a fairly high survival rate, and it is expected that the survival rate will also increase in the future during the period in which the fish are raised to shipping size. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 1. Breeding tank 2 Water quality measurement means 3. Feeding Methods 4 Purification methods 5. Control measures 1A01 Breeding tank 1A02 Breeding tank 1B01 Breeding tank 1B02 Breeding tank 1P breeding water circulation pump 2P Water Quality Measurement Circulation Pump 3P1 feeding pump 3P2 produced seawater pump 4P denitrification equipment circulation pump 21 Water Quality Measurement Storage Facility 22 Ammonia sensor 31 Feeding and watering machine 32 Feeding water generation tank 33 Artificial seawater generation tank 41 Foam separator 42 Denitrification equipment 43 Biological filtration device 51 Breeding facility control panel 52 Measuring equipment control panel 61 Blower 62 Air Stone 71 Water level sensor for breeding equipment 72 Feeding equipment water level sensor

Claims

1. Two systems, a purification system and a feeding system, are prepared in parallel, When cultivating shellfish in an aquarium, a feeding step of feeding the shellfish; A purification process to purify the water in the aquarium. A shellfish farming method, characterized in that a control process controls a three-way valve to switch between the feeding system of the feeding process and the purification system of the purification process.

2. Further comprising a water quality measurement step of measuring the water quality in the aquarium, 2. The shellfish farming method according to claim 1, wherein the control step switches based on the ammonia concentration measured in the water quality measurement step.

3. A system having two systems, a purification system and a feeding system, in parallel, a breeding tank for breeding shellfish; feeding means for feeding the shellfish; A purification means for purifying water in the breeding tank; A shellfish farming system characterized by having a control means for controlling a three-way valve to switch between feeding and purification.

4. Further provided is a water quality measuring means for measuring the water quality in the breeding aquarium, 4. A shellfish farming system according to claim 3, wherein the control means switches the control mode depending on the ammonia concentration measured by the water quality measuring means.

5. 5. A shellfish farming system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the purification means is a combination of a foam separator, a denitrifier, and a biological filter.

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