Rock bolt installation device and rock bolt installation method using the same

Abstract

To allow size and weight of a rock bolt installation device to be reduced and production cost to be reduced through downsizing the device.SOLUTION: A rock bolt installation device 100 is provided with: a guide shell 2; a drifter 1 slide-movably arranged along an axial direction of the guide shell 2 on one of surfaces of the guide shell 2; a rock bolt insertion device 4 slide-movably arranged along an axial direction on the other surface opposite to the one surface of the guide shell 2; and a posture changeover mechanism 24 rotatable to take a boring posture in which a boring device 1 is caused to be positioned on a work axial line CL and an insertion posture in which a rock bolt installation device 4 is caused to be positioned on the work axial line, by rotating the guide shell 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rock bolt driving device for driving rock bolts in tunnel construction, mine tunnel excavation, reinforcement soil work, etc., and a rock bolt driving method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In tunnel construction and mine tunnel excavation work, rock bolts are driven in parallel with the excavation of the tunnel face by blasting to reinforce the tunnel and tunnel walls. In the rock bolt installation work, after the face is excavated using a drill jumbo, rock bolts are installed using a dedicated rock bolt installation machine equipped with a composite shell, as described in Patent Document 1, for example. The composite shell is equipped with at least a guide shell for drilling and a guide shell for bolt insertion so that the drilling device, the mortar injection device, and the rock bolt insertion device can advance and retreat on the same axis. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-241300 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the rock bolting device described in Patent Document 1 requires that a dedicated guide shell be equipped on each of the two shafts, one for drilling and one for inserting bolts. This increases the size and weight of the rock bolting device, which in turn requires an increase in the size of the vehicle on which the device is mounted, resulting in problems such as limited operation in small-section tunnels and tunnels and increased manufacturing costs.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention has been made with an eye on such problems, and aims to provide a rock bolt driving device that can reduce the size and weight of the device, making it more compact and reducing manufacturing costs, and a method for driving rock bolts using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problem, one embodiment of the present invention provides a rock bolt driving device comprising a guide shell, a drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell, a rock bolt insertion device arranged on another surface of the guide shell opposite to the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction, and a position switching mechanism that can be rotated by rotating the guide shell between a drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis and an insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis.

[0007] In addition, in order to solve the above problem, a rock bolt driving method according to one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it uses a rock bolt driving device according to one embodiment of the present invention, rotates the guide shell using the position switching mechanism, and performs drilling work in the drilling position and rock bolt insertion work in the insertion position. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of a rock bolt driving device, making the device more compact and reducing manufacturing costs. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1(a) and 1(b) are explanatory diagrams of a first embodiment of a rock bolt driving device according to one aspect of the present invention, in which FIG. 1(a) is a plan view, FIG. 1(b) is a front view, FIG. 1(c) is a bottom view, and FIG. 1(d) is a view seen from the direction of arrow D in FIG. 1(b). [Figure 2]This is a diagram explaining the position switching operation of the rock bolt driving device of the first embodiment, and when viewed from the direction of arrow D shown in Figure 1(b), Figure 2(a) shows the drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis, (b) shows the injection position in which the injection pipe is positioned on the work axis, (c) shows the insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis, and (d) shows the state in which a rock bolt is being handed over from the magazine to the rock bolt insertion device in the drilling position. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram of the position switching operation in the rock bolt driving device of the first embodiment, where Figure (a) is a view from the arrow A in Figure 2(a) and shows the drilling position with the drilling device positioned on the work axis, Figure (b) is a view from the arrow B in Figure 2(b) and shows the injection position with the injection pipe positioned on the work axis, and Figure (c) is a view from the arrow C in Figure 2(c) and shows the insertion position with the rock bolt insertion device positioned on the work axis. [Figure 4] This is a diagram explaining a first embodiment of the carriage and carriage drive mechanism, where (a) is an enlarged view of the main parts as seen from the direction of arrow D in Figure 1(b), (b) is a ZZ cross-sectional view of (a) in Figure 1(a) showing the state in which the clamp cylinder is clamping the carriage for the drilling device, (c) is a partial view of the YY cross-section of (a) in Figure 1(a), and (d) is a ZZ cross-sectional view of (a) in Figure 1(a) showing the state in which the clamp cylinder is clamping the carriage for the rock bolt insertion device. [Figure 5] 1(a) is an enlarged view of the main part as seen from the direction of the arrow D in FIG. 1(b), and FIG. 1(b) is a partial view of the YY cross section in FIG. 1(a). [Figure 6] 6(a) and 6(b) are explanatory diagrams of a second embodiment of a rock bolt driving device according to one aspect of the present invention, in which FIG. 6(a) is a plan view, FIG. 6(b) is a front view, FIG. 6(c) is a bottom view, and FIG. 6(d) is a view from the direction of arrow D in FIG. 6(b). [Figure 7]This is a diagram explaining the position switching operation of the rock bolt driving device of the second embodiment, and when viewed from the direction of arrow D shown in Figure 6(b), Figure 7(a) shows the drilling position with the drilling device positioned on the work axis, (b) shows the injection position with the injection pipe positioned on the work axis, (c) shows the state in an intermediate position where a rock bolt is being handed over from the magazine to the rock bolt insertion device, and (d) shows the insertion position with the rock bolt insertion device positioned on the work axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings are schematic. Therefore, it should be noted that the relationship between thickness and planar dimensions, ratios, etc. differ from the actual ones, and the drawings also include portions where the relationship and ratio of dimensions differ from each other. Furthermore, the embodiments described below are intended to exemplify devices and methods for embodying the technical ideas of the present invention, and the technical ideas of the present invention do not limit the materials, shapes, structures, arrangements, etc. of the components to the embodiments described below.

[0011] 1, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment has a base 20, a base arm 21 fixed so as to extend laterally from the base 20, a swing arm 22 whose base end is rotatably connected to the tip of the base arm 21, and a swing cylinder 23 attached so as to rotate the swing arm 22 relative to the base arm 21. The base 20 is provided at the tip of the boom of a rock bolt driving cart (not shown).

[0012] Here, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment is equipped with one guide shell 2 at the tip of the swing arm 22. The guide shell 2 of the first embodiment has a drilling device, a drill 1, disposed on one surface thereof, and a rock bolt insertion device 4 disposed on the other surface opposite to the one surface.

[0013] The drifter 1 is a drilling device arranged so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell 2. The rock bolt insertion device 4 is arranged on one surface of the guide shell 2 opposite to the other surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction.

[0014] An injection pipe feeder 12 is attached to the guide shell 2 so as to protrude laterally. A switching plate 10 that can be rotated by driving a switching actuator 11 is mounted on the tip side of the guide shell 2, and the switching plate 10 can be switched from the drilling position to the injection position by the injection pipe feeder 12, and an injection pipe 13 can be inserted into the drilled hole Dh to inject the grouting material into the drilled hole Dh (see Figure 3(b)).

[0015] Furthermore, in the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the magazine 14 is mounted parallel to the working axis (driving axis) CL so as to extend from the side of the base arm 21 toward the rock bolt insertion device 4.

[0016] The magazine 14 is configured to be able to load multiple lock bolts B spaced apart in the circumferential direction. The magazine 14 is rotatable about its central axis in response to the drive of an actuator for rotating the magazine. The lock bolt insertion device 4 is configured to be able to directly transfer lock bolts B from the magazine 14 when rotated to a transfer position with the magazine 14.

[0017] In the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the base arm 21, swing arm 22 and swing cylinder 23 rotate the guide shell 2 around the axis at the tip of the swing arm 22, thereby configuring a position switching mechanism 24 that can be rotated between a drilling position Da (see Figure 2(a)) in which the drifter 1 is positioned on the working axis (drilling axis by the drifter 1) CL described below, and an insertion position Pa (see Figure 2(c)) in which the rock bolt insertion device 4 is positioned on the working axis (driving axis by the rock bolt insertion device 4) CL.

[0018] Furthermore, in the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, in order to alternately move the drifter 1 and the rock bolt insertion device 4 back and forth on the working axis CL of the guide shell 2, a carriage drive mechanism 5 is provided inside the guide shell 2, as shown in Figures 1(b) and 4, which is configured to move the drifter 1 and the rock bolt insertion device 4 back and forth along the axis of the guide shell 2.

[0019] As shown in FIG. 1(b), the carriage drive mechanism 5 is stretched along the guide shell 2 and includes a feed chain 6 wound around front and rear sprockets so as to be infinitely circulatable, and a carriage selection mechanism 8.

[0020] As shown in Figure 4, the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100 includes a carriage 3A for a drilling device that supports the drifter 1 so that it can slide along its axial direction relative to the guide shell 2, a carriage 3B for a rock bolt insertion device that supports the rock bolt insertion device 4 so that it can slide along its axial direction relative to the guide shell 2, a carriage selection mechanism 8 that can select either the carriage 3A for the drilling device or the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device, and a feed motor 7 that drives the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism 8.

[0021] The carriage selection mechanism 8 has a clamp section 9 mounted on the guide shell 2 and arranged so as to be able to engage and disengage with the feed chain 6 by being moved forward and backward in the direction opposite to the feed chain 6, and clamp cylinders 8A, 8B installed on each carriage 3A, 3B respectively so as to move the clamp section 9 forward and backward in the direction opposite to the feed chain 6.

[0022] The clamp cylinder 8A has its cylinder side fixed to the drilling device carriage 3A, and its piston rod side is adapted to move forward and backward in response to the engagement and disengagement of the clamp portion 9. The clamp cylinder 8B has its cylinder side fixed to the lock bolt insertion device carriage 3B, and its piston rod side is adapted to move forward and backward in response to the engagement and disengagement of the clamp portion 9.

[0023] In Figure 4 (first embodiment), the feed chain 6 is single-row, and the carriage drive mechanism 5 is structured so that the power of the feed motor 7 is transmitted to the side where the feed chain 6 is clamped by the clamp section 9 when either one of the clamp cylinders 8A or 8B is driven.

[0024] More specifically, the guide shell 2 is provided with a feed chain 6 that is tensioned to allow selected carriages 3A, 3B, either a carriage 3A for a drilling device or a carriage 3B for a rock bolt insertion device, to slide along the axial direction of the guide shell 2. The feed chain 6 is a roller chain made up of alternating outer links and inner links, with many rollers lined up in the feed direction. The clamp unit 9 has multiple engaging claws that can be inserted between the rollers of the feed chain 6. As shown in Figures 4(b) and 4(d), the multiple engaging claws are inserted and removed between the rollers of the feed chain 6 by driving the clamp cylinders 8A and 8B forward and backward, thereby transmitting and releasing the feed force.

[0025] As a result, the carriage selection mechanism 8 selectively engages and releases the clamp section 9 with the feed chain 6 by driving the clamp cylinder 8A, 8B of one of the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device back and forth.

[0026] In the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device have a common feed motor 7, and the feed motor 7 slides only the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism 8.

[0027] Next, the driving operation using the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 as needed. As shown in Figure 2(a), first, the swing cylinder 23 of the posture switching mechanism 24 is extended to rotate the swing arm 22 clockwise when viewed from the front, and the rotation position of the guide shell 2 is positioned at the drilling posture Da shown in Figure 2(a) and Figure 3(a).

[0028] Then, when positioned in the drilling position Da, as shown in Figure 4(b), the clamp cylinders 8A and 8B of the carriage selection mechanism 8 are driven back and forth toward the drilling device carriage 3A, so that the clamp section 9 selects the drilling device carriage 3A side and engages it with the feed chain 6, and the common feed motor 7 is driven to feed the drifter 1 axially forward on the working axis CL to perform drilling.

[0029] Next, as shown in Figure 2(b), the switching actuator 11 is driven to rotate the switching plate 10 at the tip of the guide shell, switching the switching plate 10 from the drilling position to the injection position, and the injection pipe feeder 12 inserts the injection pipe 13 into the drilled hole Dh to inject the grout into the drilled hole Dh. At this time, the axis of the driller 1 is made to follow the rotation position by bending the drill rod, as shown in Figure 3(b).

[0030] Next, the rock bolts 15 stored in the magazine 14 are directly clamped by the rock bolt insertion device 4. After the injection pipe 13 has been collected, as shown in Figure 2(c), the swing cylinder 23 of the position switching mechanism 24 is driven to contract, causing the swing arm 22 to rotate counterclockwise when viewed from the front, and as shown in Figures 2(c) and 3(c), the position of the guide shell 2 is switched from the drilling position Da to the insertion position Pa for inserting the rock bolt B.

[0031] When the guide shell 2 is rotated to change its position to the insertion position Pa as shown in Figure 2(d), the swing arm 22 is swung to set the rock bolt B on the working axis CL of the rock bolt insertion device 4 (the driving axis CL of the rock bolt insertion device 4).

[0032] Then, when positioned in the insertion position Pa, as shown in Figure 4(d), the clamp cylinders 8A and 8B of the carriage selection mechanism 8 are driven back and forth toward the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device, the clamp unit 9 selects the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device and engages it with the feed chain 6, and the common feed motor 7 is driven to feed the rock bolt insertion device 4 axially forward on the work axis CL, inserting the rock bolt B into the drilled hole Dh and completing the concreting work.

[0033] Next, the effects of the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment and the method for driving a rock bolt B using the same will be described. As mentioned above, the rock bolting device described in Patent Document 1 requires that dedicated guide shells be equipped on each of the two shafts, one for drilling and one for inserting bolts. This increases the size and weight of the rock bolting device, leading to an increase in the size of the vehicle on which it is mounted, which in turn limits its use in small cross-section tunnels and tunnels, and increases manufacturing costs.

[0034] In contrast, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment includes a guide shell 2, a drifter 1 which is a drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell 2 so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell 2, a rock bolt insertion device 4 arranged on the other surface of the guide shell 2 opposite the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction, and a position switching mechanism 24 which can be operated to rotate the guide shell 2 about its axis to between a drilling position Da which positions the drifter 1 on the working axis CL and an insertion position Pa which positions the rock bolt insertion device 4 on the working axis CL, so that the position switching mechanism 24 can perform drilling work in the drilling position Da using one guide shell 2 and rock bolt insertion work in the insertion position Pa. This makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100, thereby miniaturizing the device and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0035] In addition, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment has a carriage 3A for a drilling device that supports the drifter 1 so that it can slide along the guide shell 2, a carriage 3B for a rock bolt insertion device that supports the rock bolt insertion device 4 so that it can slide along the guide shell 2, and a carriage drive mechanism 5 that selects one of the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device and slides the selected carriage along the guide shell 2, so that it is suitable as a carriage and its drive mechanism for reducing the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100, making the device more compact and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0036] In addition, according to the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the carriage drive mechanism 5 has a feed chain 6 stretched along the guide shell 2, and a carriage selection mechanism 8 provided on each of the drilling device carriage 3A and the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B, which can engage and disengage each carriage 3A, 3B with the feed chain 6.The carriage selection mechanism 8 is equipped on the guide shell 2 with a clamp section 9 that can selectively engage and release only one of the drilling device carriage 3A and the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B with the feed chain 6, and clamp cylinders 8A, 8B that engage and release the clamp section 9.Therefore, the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100 can be reduced, making it more suitable as a carriage and its drive mechanism to be used to miniaturize the device and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0037] Furthermore, according to the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device have a common feed motor 7, and the feed motor 7 operates only the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism 8, making it even more excellent as a carriage driving mechanism used to make the device smaller and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0038] As explained above, the rock bolt driving device 100 and the method of driving rock bolts using it can reduce the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device, making it possible to miniaturize the device and reduce manufacturing costs. The rock bolt driving device according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0039] For example, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment, the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt inserting device have a common feed motor 7, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the carriage drive mechanism for the drilling device carriage 3A and the carriage drive mechanism for the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B may each have a dedicated feed motor 7. In this case, each feed motor 7 is selectively controlled so as to drive only the carriage selected by the switching mechanism. Even with this configuration, a drive mechanism for the carriages can be configured.

[0040] Furthermore, for example, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment described above, an example of a single-row, single-strand feed chain 6 is shown in Figure 4 (first embodiment), but this is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in the second embodiment in Figure 5, the carriage drive mechanism 5 may be configured to have the feed chains 6 arranged above and below to form a double-row, double-strand feed chain, and for each carriage 3A, 3B, the clamp section 9 may be simultaneously engaged with the two upper and lower feed chains 6 to select the engaged carriage (3A or 3B) and move it forward or backward.

[0041] Furthermore, for example, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment described above, the magazine 14 is mounted parallel to the driving axis CL so as to extend from the side of the base arm 21 toward the rock bolt insertion device 4, and when the rock bolt insertion device 4 is rotated to a transfer position with the magazine 14, the rock bolt B can be directly transferred from the magazine 14, but this is not limited to this example.

[0042] For example, a second embodiment is shown in FIGS. As shown in Figure 6, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the second embodiment is an integrated device in which a magazine 14 and a clamp arm 16 capable of transferring bolts are provided on the side of the swing arm 22, and differs from the first embodiment in that the rock bolt B is transferred from the magazine 14 to the rock bolt insertion device 4 via the transfer operation of the clamp arm 16. The other configurations are the same as those of the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment.

[0043] In other words, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the second embodiment also comprises a drifter 1, which is a drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell 2 so that it can slide along the axial direction of the guide shell 2, a rock bolt insertion device 4 arranged on the other surface of the guide shell 2 opposite the one surface so that it can slide along the axial direction, and a position switching mechanism 24 that can be rotated to a drilling position Da in which the drifter 1 is positioned on the working axis CL by rotating the guide shell 2, and an insertion position Pa in which the rock bolt insertion device 4 is positioned on the working axis CL.

[0044] As a result, even with the configuration of the second embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, which shows the position switching operation of the rock bolt driving device 100 of the second embodiment, just like the first embodiment, the position switching mechanism 24 can perform drilling work in a drilling position Da using one guide shell 2 and rock bolt insertion work in an insertion position Pa, so that the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100 can be reduced, the device can be made more compact, and manufacturing costs can be kept down. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1 Drifter (drilling equipment) 2 Guide Shell 3A Drilling Equipment Carriage 3B Carriage for rock bolt insertion device 4 Rock bolt insertion device 5 Carriage drive mechanism 6 Feed Chain 7 Feed motor 8 Carriage selection mechanism 8A, 8B clamp cylinder 9 Clamp section 10 Switching plate 11 Switching actuator 12 Injection pipe feeder 13 Injection pipe 14 Magazine 16 Clamp arm 17 Swing Cylinder 18 Centralizer 20 Foundation 21 Base Arm 22 Swingarm 23 Swing Cylinder 24 Posture switching mechanism 100 Rock bolting device B Rock bolt R Rod Dh Drilled hole Da Drilling position Pa Insertion Position

Claims

1. A guide shell; A drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell; a lock bolt insertion device disposed on another surface of the guide shell opposite to the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction; A position switching mechanism that can be rotated between a drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis and an insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis by rotating the guide shell; a drilling device carriage that supports the drilling device so that the drilling device can slide along the guide shell; a carriage for the lock bolt insertion device that supports the lock bolt insertion device so that the lock bolt insertion device can slide along the guide shell; a carriage drive mechanism for selecting one of the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage and sliding the selected carriage along the guide shell; The carriage drive mechanism includes a feed chain stretched along the guide shell, and a carriage selection mechanism provided on each of the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage, which can engage and disengage each carriage with the feed chain; The carriage selection mechanism is mounted on the guide shell and has a clamp unit that can selectively engage and release only one of the carriages for the drilling device and the rock bolt insertion device from the feed chain, and a clamp cylinder that engages and releases the clamp unit.

2. the carriage drive mechanism has a feed motor common to the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage; The rock bolt driving device according to claim 1, wherein the feed motor slides only the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism provided in the carriage drive mechanism.

3. A guide shell; A drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell; a lock bolt insertion device disposed on another surface of the guide shell opposite to the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction; A position switching mechanism that can be rotated between a drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis and an insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis by rotating the guide shell; a drilling device carriage that supports the drilling device so that the drilling device can slide along the guide shell; a carriage for the lock bolt insertion device that supports the lock bolt insertion device so that the lock bolt insertion device can slide along the guide shell; a carriage drive mechanism for selecting one of the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage and sliding the selected carriage along the guide shell; the carriage drive mechanism has a feed motor common to the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage; A rock bolt driving device characterized in that the feed motor slides only the carriage selected by the carriage drive mechanism.

4. Using the rock bolt driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A rock bolt driving method characterized by rotating the guide shell using the position switching mechanism to perform drilling operations in the drilling position and rock bolt insertion operations in the insertion position.

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