Double-sided single conductor laminate and manufacturing method

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate includes providing a laminate substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer, dry milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer, and attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer with a first adhesive layer, the first cover layer including one or more pre-cut access holes aligned with one or more traces of the trace pattern.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 580,193, filed September 24, 2019. The entire disclosures of the above-referenced applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to laminate substrates, and more particularly to laminate substrates that include a single conductor layer that is dry milled to define a trace pattern and provides access to the conductive layer from both sides. [Background technology]

[0003] The discussion of the background art provided herein is intended to provide a general background to the present disclosure. The work of the named inventors, to the extent described in this background art section, as well as aspects of the specification that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are not admitted, expressly or impliedly, as prior art to the present disclosure.

[0004] As electronic systems in vehicles become more complex, more and more devices need to be connected together. Most vehicles use complex wiring harnesses with individual wires. Wiring harnesses are prone to failure and difficult to manufacture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate includes providing a laminate substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer, dry milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer, and attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer with a first adhesive layer, the first cover layer including one or more pre-cut access holes aligned with one or more traces of the trace pattern.

[0006] In other features, the first cover layer further includes a second adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the first adhesive layer.The method includes removing the backing layer.

[0007] In other features, the method includes thinning the conductive layer using a dry milling process.

[0008] The method includes attaching a second cover layer to the conductive layer, the second cover layer including a third adhesive layer, the second cover layer including a fourth adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the third adhesive layer.

[0009] In other features, the method includes spraying an adhesive layer onto an outer surface of the laminate substrate. The conductive layer includes a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. The support layer includes a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI). The laminate substrate includes a continuous web.

[0010] A method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate includes providing a laminate substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer, dry milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer, and attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer with a first adhesive layer, the first cover layer including one or more pre-cut access holes.

[0011] In other features, the first cover layer further includes a second adhesive layer on a side thereof opposite the first adhesive layer. The method includes forming one or more access holes in the support layer to access one or more traces defined by the conductive layer. Forming the access holes includes dry milling the access holes. Forming the access holes includes flycutting the access holes. Forming the access holes includes laser ablating the access holes.

[0012] In other features, the method includes spraying an adhesive layer onto an outer surface of the laminate substrate. The conductive layer includes a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. The support layer includes a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI). The laminate substrate includes a continuous web.

[0013] The double-sided single conductor laminate includes a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces. A first cover layer includes one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces. A first adhesive layer attaches the first cover layer to one side of the conductive layer. A second cover layer includes access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces. A second adhesive layer attaches the second cover layer to the opposite side of the conductive layer.

[0014] In other features, the first cover layer further comprises a third adhesive layer on an opposite surface thereof, the second cover layer further comprises a fourth adhesive layer on an opposite surface thereof, and the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.

[0015] The double-sided single conductor laminate includes a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces. A first cover layer includes one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces. A first adhesive layer attaches the first cover layer to the conductive layer. A support layer includes one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces. A second adhesive layer attaches the support layer to the conductive layer.

[0016] In other features, the first cover layer further includes a third adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the first adhesive layer. The support layer includes a fourth adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the third adhesive layer. The conductive layer includes a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. The support layer includes a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI).

[0017] Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, claims, and drawings. The detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] The present disclosure will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of an example laminated substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer according to the present disclosure.

[0020] [Figure 2A] 2 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 1 with dry milled conductive traces defined from its top surface in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0021] [Figure 2B] 1 shows an example of a trace pattern that has been dry milled into a conductive layer of a laminate substrate.

[0022] [Figure 3] 2B illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 2A with a cover layer attached to its top surface, the cover layer including pre-cut access holes, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0023] [Figure 4A] 4 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 3 with the support layer and adhesive layer removed, according to the present disclosure.

[0024] [Figure 4B] 4 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 3 with the support layer and adhesive layer removed and the thickness of the conductive layer dry milled in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0025] [Figure 5A] 4A and 4B show cross-sectional side views of the example laminate substrate of each of FIGS. 4A and 4B with a cover layer attached to its underside, according to the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] 4A and 4B show cross-sectional side views of the example laminate substrate of each of FIGS. 4A and 4B with a cover layer attached to its underside, according to the present disclosure.

[0026] [Figure 6] 5B illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 5A with an adhesive layer on its outer surface in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0027] [Figure 7] 1-6B according to the present disclosure.

[0028] [Figure 8] 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of an example laminated substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer according to the present disclosure.

[0029] [Figure 9] 9 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 8 with dry milled traces defined in the conductive layer from its top surface, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0030] [Figure 10] 10 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 9 with an adhesive layer and a cover layer attached to its top surface with pre-cut access holes in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0031] [Figure 11]11 shows a cross-sectional side view of the example laminate substrate of FIG. 10 with fly-cut or dry-milled access holes in the support layer according to the present disclosure.

[0032] [Figure 12] 12 shows a cross-sectional side view of the laminate substrate of FIG. 11 with an adhesive layer on its outer surface.

[0033] [Figure 13] 13 shows a flowchart of an example method for manufacturing the laminated substrate of FIGS. 8-12 according to the present disclosure.

[0034] In the drawings, reference numbers may be reused to identify similar and / or identical elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] The present disclosure relates to double-sided single conductor laminates and methods for making double-sided single conductor laminates. As further described below, double-sided single conductor laminates include trace patterns in a conductive layer that allow connections to be made to both sides of the conductive layer.

[0036] 1-3, a laminate substrate 50 is shown. The laminate substrate 50 includes a conductive layer 52 attached to a support layer 58 by an adhesive layer 54. In some examples, the support layer 58 is a flexible layer. In some examples, the support layer includes a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or polyimide (PI) layer, although other types of support layers can be used. In some examples, the conductive layer 52 includes copper, aluminum, or other conductive materials.

[0037] 2A, the conductive layer 52 of the laminate substrate 50 of FIG. 1 has been dry milled to define one or more trace patterns from its top surface. In other words, material of the conductive layer has been removed 60 between the traces of the trace pattern to electrically isolate each trace of the trace pattern. In some locations, portions of the conductive layer 52 and / or adhesive layer 54 on one side have been removed (e.g., at 60) using the dry milling process to form the trace pattern.

[0038] A suitable example of a dry milling process is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,919,027, issued April 5, 2011, entitled "Methods and Devices for Manufacturing of Electrical Components and Laminated Structures," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0039] During dry milling, a web of laminate structure 50 is fed between a milling wheel and a cliche. The cliche includes a pattern with raised and non-raised portions. The raised portions of the pattern press the laminate structure into the milling wheel in areas adjacent to the raised portions. The non-raised portions are not milled. The non-raised portions of the pattern define traces in the conductive layer. The raised portions of the pattern define areas between the traces where the conductive layer is removed.

[0040] 2B, laminate substrate 50 is shown as a continuous web 62. Trace pattern 64 includes a plurality of traces 65 with removed portions 60 located therebetween to electrically isolate the plurality of traces 65. Trace pattern 64 may be repeated longitudinally or transversely on continuous web 62.

[0041] 3, a cover layer 74 and adhesive layer 70 including one or more pre-cut access holes 80 are aligned with the laminate structure or web and attached to the top surface of laminate substrate 50. In some examples, access holes 80 are aligned with traces. Cover layer 74 can include a single-sided adhesive (as shown in FIG. 4A) or a double-sided adhesive (as shown by adhesive layer 78 in FIG. 4B).

[0042] 4A and 4B, further processing of laminate substrate 50 is shown. In Fig. 4A, adhesive layer 54 and support layer 58 have been removed. In Fig. 4B, adhesive layer 54 and support layer 58 have been removed, and a portion of the thickness of conductive layer 52 has also been removed using a dry milling process to form a thinned conductive layer 52'.

[0043] 5A and 5B, a cover layer 94 including one or more pre-cut access holes 95 is aligned and attached to conductive layer 52 or thinned conductive layer 52'. In some examples, access holes 95 are aligned with traces. In FIG. 5A, cover layer 94 is aligned and attached to the underside of conductive layer 52 with adhesive layer 90. In FIG. 5B, cover layer 94 is aligned and attached to the underside of thinned conductive layer 52' ​​with adhesive layer 90. Cover layer 94 may include a single-sided adhesive (as shown in FIG. 5A) or a double-sided adhesive (as shown by adhesive layer 96 in FIG. 5B).

[0044] Referring now to FIG. 6, if single-sided cover layers 74 and 94 are used, adhesive layers 98 and 100 may be sprayed or coated onto the outer surfaces of cover layers 74 and 94 .

[0045] Referring now to Figure 7, a method 150 for manufacturing the laminate substrate of Figures 1-6 is shown. At 154, a laminate substrate is provided, the laminate substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer. At 158, a dry milling process is used to form a trace pattern by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer.

[0046] At 162, a first cover layer with a single-sided or double-sided adhesive is aligned and attached to the conductive layer. The first cover layer may include one or more pre-cut access holes. At 164, the support layer is removed and the conductive layer is optionally thinned using a dry milling process.

[0047] At 168, a second cover layer is aligned and attached to the conductive layer with a single-sided or double-sided adhesive layer. Adhesive is optionally sprayed or coated onto one or both sides of the laminate substrate at 176. For example, if double-sided adhesive is not used, adhesive can be sprayed or coated onto one or both sides of the laminate substrate.

[0048] 8-10, a laminate substrate 250 is shown. The laminate substrate 250 includes a conductive layer 252 attached to a support layer 258 by an adhesive layer 254. In some examples, the support layer 258 is a flexible layer. In some examples, the support layer includes a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or polyimide (PI) layer, although other types of support layers can be used. In some examples, the conductive layer 252 includes copper, aluminum, or other conductive materials.

[0049] In Figure 9, the conductive layer 252 of the laminate substrate 250 of Figure 8 has been dry milled to define one or more trace patterns. In some locations, portions of the conductive layer 252 and / or adhesive layer 254 on one side have been removed (e.g., at 260) using the dry milling process to define the trace patterns.

[0050] 10, a cover layer 274 and adhesive layer 272 are aligned and attached to the top surface of laminate substrate 250. Cover layer 274 may include pre-cut access holes 280. Cover layer 274 may include a single-sided adhesive (as shown in FIG. 9) or a double-sided adhesive as shown above.

[0051] 11, one or more access holes 286 are formed in the support layer 258 to allow underside access to the trace pattern. In some examples, the one or more access holes 286 are fly cut, cliche cut, chemically etched, and / or laser ablated. In some examples, a combination of these approaches can be used.

[0052] 12, one or more adhesive layers 296 and 298 can be sprayed onto the outer surface of laminate structure 250. For example, adhesive layers 296 and 298 can be sprayed onto the outer surface of laminate structure 250 if the cover layer includes a single-sided adhesive rather than a double-sided adhesive.

[0053] 13, a method 350 for manufacturing the laminate substrate of FIGS. 8-12 is shown. At 354, a laminate substrate is provided, the laminate substrate including a conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and a support layer. At 358, a dry milling process is used to form a trace pattern by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer.

[0054] At 362, the cover layer is aligned and attached to the conductive layer with a single- or double-sided adhesive. The cover layer may include one or more pre-cut access holes. At 364, access holes are cut into the support layer using fly-cutting, dry milling, chemical etching, and / or laser ablation. At 376, adhesive is optionally sprayed onto one or both sides of the laminate substrate. For example, if double-sided adhesive is not used, the adhesive can be sprayed onto one or both sides of the laminate substrate.

[0055] The foregoing description is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The broad teachings of the present disclosure can be embodied in a variety of forms. Accordingly, while the present disclosure includes specific examples, the true scope of the present disclosure should not be so limited, as other variations will become apparent from a study of the drawings, the specification, and the following claims. It should be understood that one or more steps within a method may be performed in a different order (or simultaneously) without altering the principles of the present disclosure. Furthermore, although each of the embodiments is described above as having particular features, any one or more of those features described with respect to any embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented in and / or combined with features of any other embodiment, even if that combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the described embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and permutations of one or more embodiments with each other remain within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0056] Spatial and functional relationships between elements (e.g., between modules, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.) are described using various terms, including "connected," "engaged," "coupled," "adjacent," "adjacent," "over," "under," and "disposed." Unless explicitly described as "direct," when a relationship between first and second elements is described in the above disclosure, the relationship may be direct, with no other intervening elements present between the first and second elements, or indirect, with one or more intervening elements (spatially or functionally) present between the first and second elements. As used herein, the phrase "at least one of A, B, and C" should be interpreted as meaning a non-exclusive logical OR (A OR B OR C), and not as meaning "at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C." [Other possible items] [Item 1] A method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate, comprising: providing a laminate substrate comprising a conductive layer, an adhesive layer and a support layer; dry milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer; attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer using a first adhesive layer; Including, The method, wherein the first cover layer includes one or more pre-cut access holes that are aligned with one or more traces of the trace pattern. [Item 2] Item 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first cover layer further comprises a second adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the first adhesive layer. [Item 3] Item 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising removing the support layer. [Item 4] Item 4. The method of item 3, further comprising thinning the conductive layer using a dry milling process. [Item 5] Item 4. The method of item 3, further comprising attaching a second cover layer comprising a third adhesive layer to the conductive layer. [Item 6] Item 6. The method of item 5, wherein the second cover layer includes a fourth adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the third adhesive layer. [Item 7] Item 6. The method of item 5, further comprising spraying an adhesive layer onto the outer surface of the laminate substrate. [Item 9] Item 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. [Item 10] Item 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the support layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI). [Item 11] Item 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the laminate substrate comprises a continuous web. [Item 12] A method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate, comprising: providing a laminate substrate comprising a conductive layer, an adhesive layer and a support layer; dry milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer; attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer using a first adhesive layer; Including, The method, wherein the first cover layer includes one or more pre-cut access holes. [Item 13] Item 13. The method of item 12, wherein the first cover layer further comprises a second adhesive layer on its side relative to the first adhesive layer. [Item 14] Item 13. The method of item 12, further comprising forming one or more access holes in the support layer to access one or more traces defined by the conductive layer. [Item 15] Item 15. The method of item 14, wherein forming the access holes comprises dry milling the access holes. [Item 16] Item 15. The method of item 14, wherein forming the access holes comprises flycutting the access holes. [Item 17] Item 15. The method of item 14, wherein forming the access hole comprises laser ablating the access hole. [Item 18] Item 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising spraying an adhesive layer onto the outer surface of the laminate substrate. [Item 19] Item 12. The method of item 11, wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. [Item 20] Item 12. The method of item 11, wherein the support layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI). [Item 21] Item 12. The method of item 11, wherein the laminate substrate comprises a continuous web. [Item 22] A double-sided single conductor laminate, a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces; a first cover layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a first adhesive layer attaching the first cover layer to one side of the conductive layer; a second cover layer including an access hole for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a second adhesive layer attaching the second cover layer to the opposite side of the conductive layer; A double-sided single conductor laminate comprising: [Item 23] 23. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 22, wherein the first cover layer further comprises a third adhesive layer on an opposite surface thereof. [Item 24] 24. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 23, wherein the second cover layer includes a fourth adhesive layer on an opposite side thereof. [Item 25] 23. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 22, wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. [Item 26] A double-sided single conductor laminate, a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces; a first cover layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a first adhesive layer attaching the first cover layer to the conductive layer; a support layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a second adhesive layer attaching the support layer to the conductive layer; and A double-sided single conductor laminate comprising: [Item 27] 27. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 26, wherein the first cover layer further comprises a third adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the first adhesive layer. [Item 28] 27. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 26, wherein the support layer includes a fourth adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite the third adhesive layer. [Item 29] 27. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 26, wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum. [Item 30] 27. The double-sided single conductor laminate of item 26, wherein the support layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI).

Claims

1. A double-sided single conductor laminate, a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces, the trace pattern being milled into the conductive layer; the trace pattern is milled into the conductive layer; a first cover layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a first adhesive layer attaching the first cover layer to one side of the conductive layer; a second cover layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a second adhesive layer attaching the second cover layer to a surface opposite the conductive layer; The conductive layer is thinned by milling. Double-sided single conductor laminate.

2. 10. The double-sided single conductor laminate of claim 1, wherein said first cover layer further comprises a third adhesive layer on an opposite surface thereof.

3. 3. The double-sided single conductor laminate of claim 2, wherein said second cover layer includes a fourth adhesive layer on an opposite side thereof.

4. 4. The double-sided single conductor laminate of claim 1, wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.

5. A manufacturing method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate, comprising: providing a laminate substrate comprising a conductive layer, an adhesive layer and a support layer; milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer; attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer using a first adhesive layer; removing the support layer; attaching a second cover layer to the opposite side of the conductive layer using a second adhesive layer; Including, the first cover layer includes one or more pre-cut access holes aligned with one or more traces of the trace pattern; the second cover layer includes one or more pre-cut access holes aligned with one or more traces of the trace pattern; Manufacturing method.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising thinning the conductive layer using a milling process.

7. A double-sided single conductor laminate, a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces, the trace pattern being milled into the conductive layer; a first cover layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a first adhesive layer attaching the first cover layer to the conductive layer; a support layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a second adhesive layer attaching the support layer to the conductive layer; The conductive layer is thinned by milling. Double-sided single conductor laminate.

8. 8. The double-sided single conductor laminate of claim 7, wherein said support layer includes said one or more access holes formed by a milling process.

9. A double-sided single conductor laminate, a conductive layer including a trace pattern including a plurality of traces, the trace pattern being milled into the conductive layer; a first cover layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a first adhesive layer attaching the first cover layer to the conductive layer; a support layer including one or more access holes for accessing one or more of the plurality of traces; a second adhesive layer attaching the support layer to the conductive layer; the support layer includes the one or more access holes formed by a flycutting process; Double-sided single conductor laminate.

10. 8. The double-sided single conductor laminate of claim 7, wherein said first cover layer further comprises a third adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite said first adhesive layer.

11. 8. The double-sided single conductor laminate of claim 7, wherein said support layer includes a fourth adhesive layer on a surface thereof opposite said second adhesive layer.

12. 12. The double-sided single conductor laminate of any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.

13. 13. The double-sided single conductor laminate of any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein the support layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI).

14. A manufacturing method for manufacturing a double-sided single conductor laminate, comprising: providing a laminate substrate comprising a conductive layer, an adhesive layer and a support layer; milling a trace pattern into the laminate substrate by removing selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer; attaching a first cover layer to the conductive layer using a first adhesive layer; Including, the first cover layer includes one or more pre-cut access holes; The manufacturing method includes: forming one or more access holes in the support layer to access one or more traces defined by the conductive layer; Manufacturing method.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein forming the access holes comprises milling the access holes.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein forming the access holes comprises flycutting the access holes.

17. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the milling comprises removing the selected areas of the conductive layer and the adhesive layer using a cliche that includes a pattern that includes raised portions for pressing the laminate substrate into a milling wheel and non-raised portions for defining a trace pattern.

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