Method for estimating time to finish hydraulic composition, system for estimating time to finish hydraulic composition, spacer equipped with RFID tag

Abstract

To provide a method and system for estimating a finishing period of a hydraulic composition capable of estimating a finishing period in a nondestructive manner and also in consideration of even influence of bleeding water.SOLUTION: A method for estimating a finishing period of a hydraulic composition includes: a process (A) for embedding an RFID tag for supplying power corresponding to intensity of a received radio wave signal to an LED and the LED for emitting light with luminance or chromaticity corresponding to the power to be supplied from the RFID tag in a hydraulic composition; a process (B) for arranging a reader or reader-writer capable of transmitting a radio wave signal to the RFID tag at a predetermined position outside the hydraulic composition, and transmitting the radio wave signal from the reader or reader-writer to the RFID tag; and a process (C) for estimating a finishing period of the hydraulic composition based on the luminance of the LED or the chromaticity of the light to be emitted from the LED.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and system for estimating the time to finish a hydraulic composition, and also to an RFID-equipped spacer that is applied to a system for estimating the time to finish a hydraulic composition. [Background technology]

[0002] Understanding the timing of concrete and mortar finishing is highly important from the perspective of ensuring the durability and quality of concrete structures.

[0003] For example, during the construction stage of floor concrete, after the fresh concrete is poured and sets to a certain degree of strength, finishing work (hereinafter simply referred to as "finishing work") is carried out to smooth the surface of the fresh concrete so that it is uniform.

[0004] However, in the past, the determination of whether fresh concrete has hardened and reached a predetermined strength, i.e., whether it is time to perform surface finishing work (hereinafter simply referred to as "finishing time"), has been largely dependent on the builder's intuition, which has led to a problem of variation depending on the builder's level of skill. Therefore, there is a need for technology that can appropriately determine the timing of surface finishing work without relying on the builder's level of skill, and that can efficiently manage the state of concrete strength development.

[0005] As a method for estimating when concrete finishing work can be carried out, Patent Document 1 below discloses a method in which an object is allowed to freely fall onto poured concrete and the time when finishing work can be carried out is determined based on the size of the depression formed on the concrete surface. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-188810 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The method for estimating the finishing time of poured concrete as disclosed in the above Patent Document 1 is a simple method, but it is a slightly destructive method that can cause dents in the poured concrete. For this reason, in many cases, this method is difficult to apply directly to poured concrete, and it is necessary to prepare samples of the same material as the poured concrete.

[0008] Furthermore, this method cannot qualitatively evaluate the moisture content inside the concrete, which makes it difficult to estimate the finishing time taking into account the effects of bleeding water that may occur after finishing work.

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition that is non-destructive and capable of estimating the finishing time while taking into account the influence of bleeding water. Another object of the present invention is to provide an RFID tag-equipped spacer that can be applied to the estimation system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The method for estimating the time for finishing a hydraulic composition of the present invention comprises: A method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition after casting, comprising: a step (A) of embedding an RFID tag that supplies power to an LED according to the intensity of a received radio wave signal and the LED that emits light of a luminance or chromaticity according to the power supplied from the RFID tag in the hydraulic composition; a step (B) of transmitting a radio wave signal from the reader or reader / writer disposed at a predetermined position outside the hydraulic composition to the RFID tag; and (C) a step of estimating the time to finish the hydraulic composition based on the luminance or chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED.

[0011] In this specification, the term "hydraulic composition" refers to a hardenable composition containing at least a cement composition and water, and includes both pre-hardened and hardened forms. In this specification, the term "cement composition" refers to a cement-containing powder or a material derived therefrom (a material derived from the powder in a kneaded mixture containing water, or a hardened product thereof) that does not contain water, aggregate, or a water-reducing agent. Examples of hydraulic compositions include concrete and mortar.

[0012] In this specification, the term "reader" refers to a device that has the functions of transmitting radio waves to RFID tags and reading radio signals transmitted from RFID tags, but does not have the function of writing information to RFID tags. The term "reader / writer" refers to a device that has the functions of transmitting radio waves to RFID tags, reading radio signals transmitted from RFID tags, and writing information to RFID tags. To avoid complication, the terms "reader" and "reader / writer" are sometimes abbreviated to "reader / writer, etc." below.

[0013] In this specification, the term "supplying power" is a concept that includes "applying a voltage" and "supplying a current." The terms "applying a voltage" and "supplying a current" are used appropriately and discriminated depending on the specific element to be driven (e.g., an LED), but for convenience of explanation, the term "supplying power" may be used to include both cases.

[0014] In this specification, "chromaticity" refers to a parameter related to the color of light that is determined based on hue and saturation. In other words, in this specification, "based on the chromaticity of light" is almost synonymous with "based on the color of light." For example, when a worker estimates the time to finish by visually checking a lit LED, this refers to the worker recognizing the difference in color emitted from the LED and estimating the time to finish.

[0015] As described above, whether or not the time for finishing the hydraulic composition has arrived is determined by whether or not the hardening of the hydraulic composition has progressed and reached a predetermined strength. There is a correlation between the strength of the hydraulic composition and the amount of water contained in the hydraulic composition. In other words, the time for finishing the hydraulic composition can be estimated by determining the amount of water contained in the hydraulic composition.

[0016] Water is conductive and therefore exhibits the property of absorbing radio waves. Therefore, if moisture exists between an RFID tag embedded in a hydraulic composition and the surface of the hydraulic composition, communication between a reader / writer or the like and the RFID tag is disrupted. The degree of this disruption increases as the amount of moisture increases. In other words, the greater the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition, or more specifically, the greater the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition present between the RFID tag and the reader / writer, the weaker the strength of the radio signal that can be received by the reader / writer or the like tends to be.

[0017] The RFID tag supplies power according to the strength of the radio wave signal received from a reader / writer or the like. That is, the brightness of the emitted light from the LED changes depending on the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition. Furthermore, depending on the type of LED, the chromaticity of the emitted light changes depending on the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition. Therefore, by checking the brightness or chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED when a radio wave signal of a certain intensity is transmitted to the RFID tag, the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition can be determined, and the finishing time can be estimated.

[0018] That is, according to the above method, the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition can be estimated based on the brightness or chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED when radio waves are transmitted to the RFID tag from a reader / writer, etc. In particular, if the hydraulic composition is cast with the RFID tag embedded, the amount of moisture contained in the hydraulic composition can be estimated simply by bringing a reader / writer, etc. close to the cast surface of the hydraulic composition and receiving the radio wave signal, thereby making it possible to non-destructively estimate the time for finishing the hydraulic composition.

[0019] Furthermore, since the estimation method of the present invention is based on the change in radio wave intensity due to the influence of water contained in the hydraulic composition, it is possible to estimate the finishing time taking into account the influence of bleeding water within the hydraulic composition.

[0020] Generally, human vision is more sensitive to changes in chromaticity (color) than changes in brightness. Therefore, when an operator visually checks the light emitted from an LED to estimate the time for finishing the hydraulic composition, it is preferable to use an LED whose emitted light changes in chromaticity depending on the power supplied.

[0021] In the above estimation method, The step (A) may be a step in which the LED and the RFID tag are disposed so that the light-emitting portion of the LED is exposed to the outside of the hydraulic composition.

[0022] In the above estimation method, The step (C) may be a step of estimating the time to finish the hydraulic composition based on the luminance of the LED measured by a photometer.

[0023] In addition, in the above estimation method, The step (C) may be a step of estimating the time to finish the hydraulic composition based on the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED measured by a colorimeter.

[0024] In this specification, the term "exposed" is a concept used to mean not only a state in which a part of a component protrudes from an object that covers the component, but also a state in which the component is configured to be visible from the outside. For example, it includes a state in which a hole is provided on the pouring surface of a hydraulic composition or the outer surface of a spacer and an LED is disposed in the hole, or a state in which an LED is embedded in the hydraulic composition or spacer, in which at least a part of the light-emitting part of the LED is visible from the outside of the hydraulic composition or spacer.

[0025] The above method makes it possible to grasp slight changes in the brightness and chromaticity of the LED that are indistinguishable by human visual inspection. Furthermore, the variation in estimation results between workers is suppressed. In other words, the finishing time of the hydraulic composition can be estimated accurately and stably.

[0026] The above estimation method is The method may include a step (D) of determining the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition based on the luminance of the LED or the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED.

[0027] For example, when a concrete structure is in service, moisture accelerates deterioration of hardened concrete. Water penetration carries deterioration factors such as chloride ions, and after carbonation by carbon dioxide, the penetration of water makes rebar more susceptible to corrosion.

[0028] Corrosion of metal members within a hydraulic composition can also occur in the wiring electrically connecting an RFID tag embedded in the hydraulic composition to an LED. Therefore, it is believed that corrosion of the wiring connecting the LED and RFID tag progresses within the hydraulic composition as deterioration such as rebar corrosion progresses. As this corrosion progresses, the electrical resistance of the wiring connecting the RFID tag and the LED gradually increases, or the wiring breaks and ceases to conduct electricity. As a result, compared to when the wiring is not corroded, the power supplied from the RFID tag to the LED decreases, the brightness of the LED decreases, the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED changes, or even when a radio wave signal is transmitted from a reader / writer or the like, the LED does not receive power and does not light up.

[0029] Therefore, by using the above method, it is possible to grasp the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition.

[0030] In the above estimation method, The step (A) may be a step of embedding the RFID tag, the LED, and a corrosion sensor connected between the RFID tag and the LED in the hydraulic composition.

[0031] Here, a corrosion sensor is a sensor whose electrical resistance changes when it detects a deterioration factor that deteriorates a metal object. Such a corrosion sensor includes, for example, a thin wire or foil made of a metal material such as copper or iron, and a sensor that measures the resistance of the wire or foil.

[0032] The hydraulic composition finishing time estimation system of the present invention comprises: A system for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition after casting, a spacer equipped with an LED whose optical characteristics of emitted light change depending on the power supplied, and an RFID tag that supplies power to the LED according to the strength of a received radio wave signal; a reader or reader / writer capable of transmitting radio signals to the RFID tag; a measuring device for measuring the optical characteristics of light emitted from the LED; a first storage unit storing correlation data between the optical characteristics of the LED and the moisture content of the hydraulic composition; The hydraulic composition finishing time is estimated by calculation based on the value output by the measuring device and the correlation data stored in the first storage unit.

[0033] The estimation system is The device may also include a second memory unit that stores a data table that associates the optical characteristics of the light emitted from the LED with the classification of the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition, and a judgment unit that judges the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition based on the value output by the measuring instrument and the data table stored in the second memory unit.

[0034] In this specification, the term "optical characteristics" refers to characteristics (parameters) used to classify light emitted from an LED, such as luminance, chromaticity, and intensity peak in a spectrum.

[0035] In this specification, the "deterioration state of the hydraulic composition" refers to the degree of deterioration of the hydraulic composition itself due to ASR (alkali silica reaction) or sulfate deterioration, etc., and the degree of damage, loss, and oxidation of the reinforcing steel within the hydraulic composition. The deterioration state is classified into categories such as "good" and "poor" according to predetermined criteria, depending on the degree of deterioration.

[0036] In the above estimation system, The spacer may be arranged so that the LED is disposed inside and the light-emitting portion of the LED is exposed on the pouring surface side of the hydraulic composition.

[0037] Furthermore, the RFID tag-equipped spacer of the present invention is A spacer applied to the estimation system, The spacer is characterized by including a wiring cable having one end connected to the RFID tag inside the spacer and the other end connected to the LED outside the spacer.

[0038] Furthermore, the RFID tag-equipped spacer of the present invention is A spacer applied to the estimation system, The LED may be mounted so that at least a part of the light-emitting portion is exposed from the outer surface of the spacer.

[0039] Furthermore, in the spacer, The LED may be disposed in a hole provided in the outer surface of the spacer, with a portion of the light-emitting portion exposed from the outer surface of the spacer.

[0040] With this spacer, the depth position of the RFID tag embedded in the hydraulic composition can be easily set to a predetermined value simply by embedding the spacer in a fresh hydraulic composition. As a result, even if the position of a reader / writer or the like fluctuates during the execution of the estimation process, the radio wave signal reflected from the RFID tag can be received by the reader / writer or the like, thereby making it possible to accurately estimate the finishing time of the hydraulic composition. [Effects of the Invention]

[0041] According to the present invention, a method and system for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition that is non-destructive and capable of estimating the finishing time taking into account the influence of bleeding water is realized. Furthermore, a spacer with an integrated RFID tag that can be applied to the estimation system is realized. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0042] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an embodiment of a determination system. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a spacer is fixed to a reinforcing bar. [Figure 3] 2 is an enlarged view of the area around the worker's hands in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram schematically showing a state in the middle of estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a reader according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an estimation system configured as a network system. [Figure 8A] 1 is a diagram schematically showing the distribution of water in a hydraulic composition after casting. [Figure 8B] 1 is a diagram schematically showing the distribution of water in a hydraulic composition after casting. [Figure 8C] 1 is a diagram schematically showing the distribution of water in a hydraulic composition after casting. [Figure 9] 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an embodiment of a spacer. [Figure 10] 10 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a spacer according to another embodiment is disposed on a reinforcing bar. [Figure 11A] 1 is a diagram showing a state in which the finishing time of a hydraulic composition is being estimated. [Figure 11B] 11B is a view of the poured hydraulic composition shown in FIG. 11A as viewed from a direction parallel to the pouring surface. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a reader according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0043] The method and system for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition according to the present invention, and spacers applicable to the system, will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings are all schematic illustrations, and the numbers on the drawings do not necessarily correspond to the actual numbers.

[0044] [Implementation] First, an example of an embodiment of the estimation system 1 will be described. Fig. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the estimation system 1, and Fig. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a spacer 10 is fixed to a reinforcing bar 3 before the hydraulic composition L1 is poured. Fig. 3 is an enlarged diagram of the area around the hands of a worker 2 in Fig. 1. In Fig. 1, the area into which the hydraulic composition L1 is poured from one agitator vehicle is partitioned by a dashed dotted line, and one section A1 will be described below.

[0045] For example, 4m of agitator vehicle 3 In the case of a car, it is preferable that the hydraulic composition L1 is poured in an area of ​​approximately 4 m x 4 m x 0.25 m, and that one spacer 10 (described later) is embedded in each corner and in the center.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1, within section A1 cast by one agitator vehicle, the distance between spacers 10 is preferably within the range of 1 m to 6 m, more preferably within the range of 2 m to 5 m, taking into consideration the interval for checking when the hydraulic composition L1 develops strength and interference in communication with the reader 11.

[0047] In this embodiment, the spacer 10 is buried at a depth of 25 mm from the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1, but in consideration of the communication distance between the spacer 10 and the reader 11 and burying the spacer 10 so that an LED 10a provided on the spacer 10 (described later) can be seen, the spacer 10 is preferably buried at a depth of 10 mm to 50 mm, more preferably at a depth of 20 mm to 40 mm. Note that the buried positions of the RFID tag 10b and the spacer 10 are not limited to the above positions, and the depth of the placement position can be set arbitrarily as long as the distance is at least such that the RFID tag 10b can communicate with the reader 11, etc.

[0048] Generally, within the section A1 cast by a single agitator vehicle, finishing processing and demolding can be carried out at roughly the same time, so it is acceptable for only one spacer 10 to be buried within the area.

[0049] The spacer 10 is embedded in the hydraulic composition L1 and is not actually visible, so it is shown by dashed lines in Figures 1 and 3. The LED 10a mounted on the spacer 10 is exposed outside the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1 so that it can be seen from the outside of the poured hydraulic composition L1.

[0050] The worker 2 operates the reader 11 near the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1 at the position where each spacer 10 is embedded, and sequentially estimates the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 at each position.

[0051] [System Configuration] Next, the details of the system configuration will be described. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the estimation system 1 is composed of a spacer 10 embedded in a hydraulic composition L1 and a leader 11. As shown in Figure 2, the spacer 10 is fixed to a predetermined position of the assembled reinforcing bars 3. Thereafter, the spacer 10 is embedded in the hydraulic composition L1 together with the reinforcing bars 3.

[0052] Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a state in the middle of estimating the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1, and Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a structure of the leader 11 in this embodiment. Although the structure inside the spacer 10 cannot actually be seen, Fig. 4 shows the internal structure of the spacer 10 for the sake of explanation.

[0053] As shown in Fig. 4, the spacer 10 includes an LED 10a, an RFID tag 10b, and a corrosion sensor 21. The spacer 10 is attached before the hydraulic composition L1 is poured and is used to ensure the cover thickness of the reinforcing bars 3 when the hydraulic composition L1 is poured, and is typically a block-shaped mortar member. Note that the spacer 10 in this embodiment may be, for example, a ceramic spacer.

[0054] 4, the reader 11 of this embodiment is a smartphone equipped with a photometer 30 as a separate module that receives light emitted from the LED 10a and measures the luminance of the LED 10a. The luminance of the LED 10a is one of the optical characteristics of the light emitted from the LED 10a, and the photometer 30 is a measuring device that measures the luminance of the LED 10a.

[0055] The RFID tag 10b includes an antenna 10c, and generates a current to be supplied to the LED 10a when it receives a radio signal pw transmitted from the reader 11. The current generated by the RFID tag 10b increases as the strength of the radio signal pw increases.

[0056] As shown in Fig. 4, the LED 10a is disposed on the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10 and is connected to the RFID tag 10b by wiring 10d, and lights up when a current is supplied from the RFID tag 10b. The LED 10a may be an LED that emits infrared light as long as it can be observed using the photometer 30, but an LED that emits visible light is used when the light can be visually confirmed by a person. When an LED that emits visible light is used, the color of the light emitted by the LED is arbitrary.

[0057] The corrosion sensor 21 is a resistance-type sensor whose electrical resistance value changes when it detects a deterioration factor present in the hydraulic composition L1. The corrosion sensor 21 is connected in series to the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b, and its resistance value increases as the amount of deterioration factor present in the hydraulic composition L1 increases. This reduces the value of the current supplied from the RFID tag 10b to the LED 10a. Such a corrosion sensor 21 includes a thin wire or foil material made of a metal material such as copper or iron, and a sensor that measures the resistance value of the wire or foil material.

[0058] Here, the deterioration factor may be, for example, chloride ions that corrode metal members, as described above. The deterioration factor gradually permeates the hydraulic composition L1 and the spacer 10 together with moisture.

[0059] Next, a configuration for transmitting the radio wave signal pw to the spacer 10 and data processing for estimating the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 based on the brightness of the LED 10a will be described.

[0060] Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the reader 11. As shown in Fig. 5, the reader 11 includes an operation unit 11a, an antenna 11b, a memory unit 11c, a calculation unit 11d, a determination unit 11e, and a display unit 11f. The memory unit 11c in this embodiment includes a first memory unit 11c1 and a second memory unit 11c2.

[0061] 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for estimating the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1. A method for estimating the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 and a method for determining the deterioration state using the above-mentioned estimation system 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0062] (Step S1: Attaching the spacer 10) 2, the spacer 10 is fixed to a predetermined position of the reinforcing bar 3 (step S1). In step S1 of this embodiment, the spacer 10 is embedded so that the LED 10a is exposed to the outside of the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1, as shown in FIG.

[0063] (Step S2: Pouring the hydraulic composition L1) After step S1, the hydraulic composition L1 is poured, and the spacer 10 is embedded in the hydraulic composition L1. Steps S1 and S2 correspond to process (A). When the spacer 10 is embedded in the hydraulic composition L1, a hole may be provided in the pouring surface Lp so that the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a is visible from outside the hydraulic composition L1, or the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a may be embedded so as to protrude from the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1 (see FIG. 11B).

[0064] (Step S3: Start of estimation of finishing time) After step S2, at the timing when the finishing time is to be estimated, the worker 2 prepares the reader 11 and starts estimating the finishing time.

[0065] (Step S4: Transmitting the radio signal pw) As shown in Fig. 3, the worker 2 places the reader 11 above the pouring surface Lp of the poured hydraulic composition L1 and operates the operation unit 11a. When the worker 2 operates the operation unit 11a, the reader 11 transmits a radio signal pw from the antenna 11b to the RFID tag 10b. This step S4 corresponds to process (B).

[0066] In FIG. 4, the operation unit 11a is illustrated as one of the blocks that make up the reader 11, but the operation unit 11a of the reader 11 in this embodiment corresponds to the touch panel or buttons of a smartphone.

[0067] (Step S5: Supplying current to LED 10a) When the antenna 10c of the RFID tag 10b receives the radio signal pw transmitted from the antenna 11b of the reader 11, the RFID tag 10b generates a current whose magnitude corresponds to the intensity of the received radio signal pw and supplies the current to the LED 10a (step S5).Then, the LED 10a lights up with a brightness corresponding to the magnitude of the supplied current.

[0068] (Step S6: Measure brightness and send brightness data) After step S5, as shown in Fig. 4, the photometer 30, which is disposed to receive the light emitted from the LED 10a, measures the brightness of the LED 10a. Then, the photometer 30 transmits the acquired brightness data to the calculation unit 11d and the determination unit 11e of the reader 11 (step S6).

[0069] (Step S7: Estimation of the time to finish the hydraulic composition by calculation processing) The calculation unit 11d reads out the correlation data stored in the first memory unit 11c1 included in the memory unit 11c, and calculates the estimated finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 by performing calculation processing based on the correlation data and the luminance of the LED 10a measured by the photometer 30. This step S7 corresponds to the process (C). The calculation unit 11d is, for example, a CPU or an MPU.

[0070] The storage unit 11c is a memory built into the reader 11, but may be a memory (for example, a flash memory or a HDD) that is an external device separate from the reader 11. The storage unit 11c in this embodiment includes a first storage unit 11c1 and a second storage unit 11c2, which will be described later.

[0071] The first storage unit 11c1 stores previously acquired correlation data between the brightness of the LED 10a and the moisture content contained in the hydraulic composition L1. Note that the correlation data in this embodiment is data obtained from a sample prepared by embedding the spacer 10 in the hydraulic composition.

[0072] (Step S8: Transmit the estimated data to the display unit 11f) After step S7, the calculation unit 11d transmits data on the estimated finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 to the display unit 11f.

[0073] The display unit 11f displays the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 estimated by the calculation unit 11d. Note that, although the display unit 11f in this embodiment is a display of a smartphone, it may be a display prepared separately from the reader 11 as an external device.

[0074] (Step S9: Determination of the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition by calculation processing) When the data on the brightness of the LED 10a is input from the photometer 30, the determination unit 11e reads out the data table stored in the second storage unit 11c2 and determines the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 based on the data table and the brightness of the LED 10a measured by the photometer 30. This step S9 corresponds to the process (D). Note that the determination unit 11e is, for example, a CPU or an MPU, and the calculation unit 11d and the determination unit 11e may be configured by a single CPU or MPU.

[0075] The second storage unit 11c2 stores a data table in which the brightness of the LED 10a is associated with the classification of the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1. The data table in this embodiment is a table obtained by using a plurality of samples prepared in the same manner as the samples used to acquire the correlation data, destroying the samples to check the brightness of the LED 10a and the state of damage or defects to the hydraulic composition L1, the reinforcing bar 3, etc., and classifying the results as "good" or "poor." In this embodiment, destroyed samples in which no discoloration or deformation was observed in the wiring 10d were classified as "good," and destroyed samples in which discoloration or deformation was observed were classified as "poor."

[0076] The first memory unit 11c1 and the second memory unit 11c2 may be distinguished by multiple storage areas partitioned based on memory addresses within a single memory device, or the memory device constituting the first memory unit 11c1 and the memory device constituting the second memory unit 11c2 may be configured independently.

[0077] Furthermore, the estimation system 1 of this embodiment may be configured by a reader 11, and a server or a PC for production management that is connected to the reader 11 through a network. Fig. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the estimation system 1 configured as a network system. In the estimation system 1 configured as shown in Fig. 7, the server 70 corresponds to the storage unit 11c, and a PC 71 and a display 72 for production management in a production factory (ready-mixed concrete factory) for the hydraulic composition L1, a PC 73 and a display 74 for production management in an office building, and the like function as the calculation unit 11d, the determination unit 11e, and the display unit 11f.

[0078] (Step S10: Display of estimated results of finishing time and judgment results of deterioration state) After steps S8 and S10 are completed, the display unit 11f displays the estimated finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 and the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 based on the respective data transmitted from the calculation unit 11d and the judgment unit 11e.

[0079] By carrying out the above steps, the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 is estimated and the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 is determined. Of the above estimation methods, the determination of the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 by steps S9 and S10 can be applied to determining the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 a long time after the hydraulic composition L1 is poured and the finishing work is completed.

[0080] Here, the distribution of water Wt in hydraulic composition L1 after casting will be explained. Figures 8A to 8C are diagrams that schematically show the distribution of water Wt in hydraulic composition L1 after casting, and show the change in the distribution of water Wt over time after casting in the order of Figures 8A, 8B, and 8C. Note that in Figures 8A to 8C, water Wt is schematically shown in particulate form for the sake of explanation.

[0081] As shown in Fig. 8A, moisture Wt is dispersed throughout the hydraulic composition L1 immediately after pouring. In the state shown in Fig. 8A, a large amount of moisture Wt is present between the reader 11 and the RFID tag 10b, and therefore the radio wave signal pw transmitted from the reader 11 to the RFID tag 10b is obstructed by the moisture Wt.

[0082] After pouring, when a certain amount of time has passed since the state shown in FIG. 8A, the water content Wt dispersed in the hydraulic composition L1 gradually decreases. However, as materials such as cement and aggregate contained in the hydraulic composition L1 separate and settle, water content Wt (bleeding water) is generated near the pouring surface Lp, as shown in FIG. 8B. This water content Wt (bleeding water) interferes with the radio signal pw transmitted from the reader 11 to the RFID tag 10b. The presence of a large amount of bleeding water, as shown in FIG. 8B, is considered to indicate that the hydraulic composition L1 does not have sufficient strength to perform finishing work.

[0083] As time passes from the state shown in Fig. 8B, the water content Wt in the hydraulic composition L1 further decreases, as shown in Fig. 8C. When the water content Wt in the hydraulic composition L1 decreases sufficiently, as shown in Fig. 8C, the interference with the radio signal pw transmitted from the reader 11 to the RFID tag 10b is alleviated. In other words, the LED 10a lights up at a higher brightness.

[0084] To make it easier to see the difference between the states, the LED 10a is shown as being off in the states of Figures 8A and 8B, and as being on in the state of Figure 8C. However, in reality, the LED 10a in Figure 8C may be on at a low brightness in the states of Figures 8A and 8B.

[0085] According to the estimation system 1, it is possible to quantitatively estimate the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 and determine the deterioration state, regardless of the experience or sense of the worker 2.

[0086] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned determination system and determination method, the estimated finishing time and deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 are displayed on the display unit 11f immediately when the worker 2 operates the reader 11. Therefore, the worker 2 can immediately grasp the state of the hydraulic composition L1 after pouring at any timing.

[0087] Furthermore, according to the configuration of the estimation system 1, the radio signal pw can be transmitted from the reader 11 and used to check the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 even long after the finishing work has been completed, as long as there is no deterioration or damage to the circuitry or exterior of the spacer 10. Therefore, the estimation system 1 of this embodiment can be used for maintaining and managing the hydraulic composition L1 for many years.

[0088] In this embodiment, the spacer 10 has been described as being equipped with an RFID tag 10b of an electromagnetic induction type, but it is also possible to use a spacer 10 equipped with an RFID tag 10b of another type, such as a radio wave type.

[0089] 9 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the spacer 10. The spacer 10 is not limited to a configuration in which the LED 10a is arranged on the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10, and may be configured such that a portion of the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a is exposed from the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10. As a more specific configuration example, as shown in FIG. 9, the spacer 10 is configured such that a hole 10q is provided in the outer surface 10p, the LED 10a is arranged in the hole 10q, and a portion of the light-emitting portion 10a1 is exposed.

[0090] When arranging the LED 10a in this way, it is preferable to form a hole 10q in the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10 so that the tip of the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a arranged in the hole 10q is flush with the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10. Then, it is preferable to arrange the spacer 10 so that the hole 10q abuts against the formwork, and then pour the hydraulic composition L1. By adopting such a configuration and installation method, the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a becomes visible on the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1, and after embedding the spacer 10 in the hydraulic composition L1, when the hydraulic composition is leveled with a trowel or the like, the LED 10a does not obstruct the leveling work.

[0091] The holes provided on the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1 and the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10 may be formed by covering the LEDs with a cylindrical member when pouring the hydraulic composition L1 or when creating the spacer 10, or may be formed by cutting once a certain level of strength has been achieved. The holes provided on the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1 and the outer surface 10p of the spacer 10 may be filled with a resin that transmits the light emitted by the LEDs 10a so that the LEDs 10a are not gradually buried in the hydraulic composition L1.

[0092] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the reader 11 has been described as a smartphone, but it may be, for example, a PC, a communication terminal dedicated to the RFID tag 10b, etc. Furthermore, the photometer 30 may be a standalone device connected to the reader 11 by wire or wirelessly.

[0093] Furthermore, the RFID tag 10b may be configured such that multiple thresholds are set for the strength of the radio wave signal pw transmitted from the reader 11, and the power supplied to the LED 10a is switched when each threshold is crossed. For data communication with the RFID tag 10b, a reader / writer capable of transmitting, for example, a setting data signal relating to the threshold and a current value corresponding to the threshold may be used instead of the reader 11.

[0094] Furthermore, in the estimation system 1 of this embodiment, if the change in brightness of the LED 10a can be sufficiently determined by human vision, it is not necessary to include the photometer 30, the calculation unit 11d, the determination unit 11e, etc. In such a configuration, for example, the worker 2 directly looks at the brightness of the LED 10a to confirm, estimate the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1, and determine the deterioration state.

[0095] In cases where a method for determining the deterioration state is separately prepared, the estimation system 1 does not need to have a function for determining the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1. In such cases, the reader 11 does not need to have the second memory unit 11c2 and the determination unit 11e.

[0096] [Another embodiment] Another embodiment will be described below.

[0097] <1> Fig. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a spacer 10 according to another embodiment is disposed on a reinforcing bar 3. Fig. 11A is a diagram illustrating a state in which the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 is estimated after the hydraulic composition L1 has been poured in the configuration illustrated in Fig. 10, and Fig. 11B is a diagram illustrating the poured hydraulic composition L1 illustrated in Fig. 11A as viewed from a direction parallel to the pouring surface Lp. The spacer 10 does not necessarily have to have the LED 10a fixed inside. As illustrated in Fig. 10, the LED 10a may be disposed on the outside of the spacer 10, and a wiring cable 3d may be provided to connect the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b. When this configuration is employed, the corrosion sensor 21 used to determine the deterioration state may be disposed on either the inside or outside of the spacer 10.

[0098] 10, the LED 10a can be disposed at any location within the hydraulic composition L1 regardless of the location of the spacer 10. In other words, the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a can be disposed at a location that is least likely to be an obstacle in terms of the strength of the hydraulic composition L1 and the structure of the building.

[0099] The light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a may protrude from, be recessed in, or be flush with the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1. More specifically, the LED 10a may be arranged so that the light-emitting portion 10a1 protrudes from the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1, or may be arranged inside a hole formed by cutting. Furthermore, a part (for example, a tip) of the light-emitting portion 10a1 of the LED 10a may be arranged so that it is flush with the pouring surface Lp of the hydraulic composition L1.

[0100] Furthermore, the deterioration factors that corrode the reinforcing bar 3 as described above may also corrode the wiring cable 3d connecting the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b. Therefore, even without providing the corrosion sensor 21, the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 can be determined via the LED 10a by detecting an increase in the resistance value due to corrosion of the wiring cable 3d or by detecting a break in the wiring cable 3d.

[0101] 10, by routing the distribution cable 3d over a certain range along the reinforcing bar 3, it is possible to check the deterioration of the hydraulic composition L1 not only in the part where the spacer 10 is fixed but also in the area where the distribution cable 3d is routed. In other words, it is less likely that the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 or the reinforcing bar 3 that occurs locally in the part where the spacer 10 is not fixed will be overlooked. In the configuration shown in FIG. 10, one or more corrosion sensors 21 may be connected midway through the distribution cable 3d wound around the reinforcing bar 3.

[0102] In the above-described configuration of the estimation system 1, the RFID tag 10b is provided inside the spacer 10, or the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b are provided inside the spacer 10. However, the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b may be provided inside or mounted on a member other than the spacer 10 and embedded in the hydraulic composition L1. For example, it is also possible that the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b are covered with a resin exterior that does not have a spacer function, or are mounted together with a communication unit of a measuring device for measuring factors such as strain of concrete, and embedded in the hydraulic composition L1.

[0103] The length of the wiring cable 3d is arbitrary, and the required length may vary depending on the intended use. Therefore, the wiring cable 3d may be, for example, a cable wound in a coil and configured to be stretchable. The spacer 10 may have a storage space for storing at least a portion of the wiring cable 3d, and may have a winding protrusion or hook on the outer surface 10p for winding the wiring cable 3d. The spacer 10 may also have a hole for inserting and removing the wiring cable 3d into and from the RFID tag 10b disposed inside, allowing the combination of the LED 10a, RFID tag 10b, and wiring cable 3d to be appropriately changed.

[0104] By employing the wiring cable 3d configured as described above, the length of the wiring cable 3d can be easily adjusted depending on the arrangement position of the LEDs 10a. Furthermore, in a configuration in which the wiring cable 3d and the LEDs 10a are changeable, the type of the LEDs 10a and the material of the wiring cable 3d can be selected and changed depending on the environment of the place where the hydraulic composition L is poured, etc.

[0105] <2> In each of the above-described embodiments, the RFID tag 10b generates a current whose magnitude corresponds to the intensity of the received radio wave signal pw, and the brightness of the LED 10a changes according to the magnitude of the current supplied from the RFID tag 10b. The method and system for estimating the finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 may be configured so that the RFID tag 10b supplies the LED 10a with power whose magnitude corresponds to the intensity of the received radio wave signal pw, and the chromaticity of the light emitted by the LED 10a changes according to the magnitude of the power supplied by the RFID tag 10b.

[0106] Fig. 12 is a block diagram of a reader 11 according to another embodiment. As described above, when the LED 10a is an element whose chromaticity, which is one of the optical characteristics, changes depending on the magnitude of the voltage applied from the RFID tag 10b, a colorimeter 40 is used as a measuring instrument, as shown in Fig. 12.

[0107] As shown in Figure 12, the memory unit 11c includes a third memory unit 11c3 that stores correlation data between the chromaticity of light emitted from LED 10a and the amount of moisture contained in hydraulic composition L1, and a fourth memory unit 11c4 that stores a data table that associates the chromaticity of light emitted from LED 10a with the classification of the deterioration state of hydraulic composition L1.

[0108] The third memory unit 11c3 and the fourth memory unit 11c4 may be configured as a single memory device, as described above with respect to the first memory unit 11c1 and the second memory unit 11c2, or may be configured as independent memory devices.

[0109] The calculation unit 11d reads out the correlation data stored in the third memory unit 11c3 and calculates the estimated finishing time of the hydraulic composition L1 based on the correlation data and the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED 10a measured by the colorimeter 40.

[0110] The judgment unit 11e reads out the data table stored in the fourth memory unit 11c4 and judges the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1 based on the data table and the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED 10a measured by the colorimeter 40.

[0111] In a case where a method for determining the deterioration state is separately prepared, the estimation system 1 does not need to have a function for determining the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition L1. In such a case, the reader 11 does not need to have the fourth memory unit 11c4 and the determination unit 11e.

[0112] <3> The estimation system 1 may have a strain sensor (strain gauge) using a metal resistance material whose resistance value changes when stress is applied connected between the LED 10a and the RFID tag 10b. By incorporating the strain sensor, the estimation system 1 can check changes in stress acting on the strain sensor caused by cracks or expansion occurring in the hydraulic composition L1 long after it has been poured. In other words, the above configuration enables non-destructive testing of the hydraulic composition L1 long after it has been poured. The strain sensor may also be disposed within the spacer 10.

[0113] <4> The configuration of the estimation system 1 described above is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated configurations. [Explanation of symbols]

[0114] 1: Judgment system 2: Worker 3: Reinforced concrete 3d: Wiring cable 10: Spacer 10a: LED 10a1: Light-emitting part 10b: RFID tag 10c: Antenna 10d: Wiring 11: Leader 11a: Operation section 11b: Antenna 11c: Memory Department 11c1: First Memory Unit 11c2: Second Memory Unit 11c3: Third Memory Unit 11c4: Fourth Memory Unit 11d: Calculation Department 11e: Judgment Department 11f : Representation part 21: rot food センサ 30: Photometer 40: Colorimeter A1: Area drawing L1: Hydraulic components Lp: Setting up the surface Lp1: hole pw: radio wave signal

Claims

1. A method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition after casting, comprising: a step (A) of embedding an RFID tag that supplies power to an LED according to the strength of a received radio wave signal and the LED that emits light of a luminance or chromaticity according to the power supplied from the RFID tag in the hydraulic composition; a step (B) of transmitting a radio wave signal to the RFID tag from a reader or reader / writer disposed outside the hydraulic composition; and (C) estimating the time to finish the hydraulic composition based on the luminance or chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED.

2. 2. The method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition according to claim 1, wherein in the step (A), the LED and the RFID tag are arranged so that the light-emitting portion of the LED is exposed to the outside of the hydraulic composition.

3. 3. The method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step (C) estimates the finishing time of the hydraulic composition based on the luminance of the LED measured by a photometer.

4. 3. The method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step (C) estimates the finishing time of the hydraulic composition based on the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED measured by a colorimeter.

5. The method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a step (D) of determining a deterioration state of the hydraulic composition based on the luminance of the LED or the chromaticity of the light emitted from the LED.

6. 6. The method for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the step (A) is a step of embedding the RFID tag, the LED, and a corrosion sensor connected between the RFID tag and the LED in the hydraulic composition.

7. A system for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition after casting, an LED whose optical characteristics of emitted light change depending on the power supplied; a spacer equipped with an RFID tag that supplies power to the LED according to the strength of the received radio wave signal; a reader or reader / writer capable of transmitting radio signals to the RFID tag; a measuring device for measuring optical characteristics of light emitted from the LED; a first storage unit storing correlation data between the optical characteristics of the LED and the water content of the hydraulic composition; A hydraulic composition finishing time estimation system comprising: a calculation unit that estimates the finishing time of the hydraulic composition based on the value output by the measuring device and the correlation data stored in the first memory unit.

8. The system for estimating the finishing time of a hydraulic composition as described in claim 7, characterized in that it is equipped with a second memory unit in which a data table is stored in which the optical characteristics of the light emitted from the LED are associated with a classification of the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition, and a judgment unit that judges the deterioration state of the hydraulic composition based on the value output by the measuring instrument and the data table stored in the second memory unit.

9. 8. The spacer according to claim 7, An RFID tag-equipped spacer comprising a wiring cable, one end of which is connected to the RFID tag inside the spacer and the other end of which is connected to the LED outside the spacer.

10. 8. The spacer according to claim 7, An RFID tag-mounted spacer, wherein the LED is mounted so that at least a part of the light-emitting portion is exposed from the outer surface of the spacer.

11. 11. The RFID tag-equipped spacer according to claim 10, wherein the LED is disposed in a hole provided in the outer surface of the spacer.

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