Method and equipment for crushing soft resin sheets

Abstract

To provide a technique for crushing a soft resin sheet which prevents clogging of a screen on the premise of using a uniaxial crusher.SOLUTION: As shown in Fig. 4(b), sheared pieces 31A to 31C of a soft resin sheet may clog a screen mesh 38a of a screen 38 of a uniaxial crusher. At this time, as shown in Fig. 4(d), the sheared pieces 31A to 31C are pushed down by a waste golf ball 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for crushing a soft resin sheet. [Background technology]

[0002] From the perspective of effective use of global resources and conservation of the global environment, there is a strong desire to collect and effectively utilize plastic waste. For effective utilization, plastic waste is crushed in a crusher to a size appropriate for its intended use.

[0003] Typical crushers include single-shaft crushers and twin-shaft crushers. A conventional single-shaft crusher and a conventional twin-shaft crusher will be described with reference to FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b). As shown in FIG. 8( a ), the uniaxial crusher 100 comprises one rotor 101 , a casing 102 that surrounds the rotor 101 , and a hopper 103 that is attached to the top of the casing 102 . A screen 104 is provided at the bottom of the casing 102, a fixed blade 105 is provided in the casing 102, and a rotary blade 106 is provided on the rotor 101.

[0004] Waste plastic 108 fed into hopper 103 is sheared by fixed blade 105 and rotary blade 106 to become sheared pieces 109. Of the sheared pieces 109, those that can pass through screen 104 are discharged after passing through screen 104. For convenience, the discharged pieces will be called crushed pieces 111 to distinguish them from the sheared pieces 109.

[0005] Among the sheared pieces 109, those that are too large to pass through the screen 104 are rotated by the rotor 101 and sheared multiple times by the fixed blade 105 and the rotating blade 106, gradually becoming smaller, and when they reach a predetermined size or smaller, they pass through the screen 104 and are discharged, becoming crushed pieces 111.

[0006] Therefore, the single-shaft shredder 100 has the advantage that the size of the crushed pieces 111 discharged is uniform. However, since the shredded pieces 109 are circulated, productivity is low.

[0007] As shown in Figure 8(b), the twin-shaft crusher 120 consists of two rotary cutters 121, a casing 122 that surrounds the rotary cutters 121, and a hopper 123 that is attached to the top of the casing 122. Although not shown in the drawing, the rotary cutter 121 has teeth on its outer periphery. Waste plastic 124 put into the hopper 123 is crushed by two rotating cutters 121 and falls as crushed pieces 125.

[0008] The twin-shaft crusher 120 has the advantage of being highly productive because it is a so-called one-pass crusher. However, because it is a one-pass crusher, the crushed pieces 125 inevitably have irregular sizes.

[0009] Techniques for treating waste plastics using single-shaft crushers and twin-shaft crushers have been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, hard plastics are crushed by a single-shaft crusher, and soft plastics are crushed by a twin-shaft crusher.

[0010] Incidentally, one of the technologies for effectively utilizing plastic waste is to reuse it in the form of solid fuel called RPF (Refuse derived paper and plastics densified fuel). This solid fuel is obtained by mixing waste plastic with an appropriate amount of waste paper and compressing it. This not only allows for the reuse of waste paper, but also reduces the calorific value of the fuel.

[0011] There are two types of solid fuels in practical use: large solid fuels and small solid fuels. Small solid fuel is a cylinder with an outer diameter of 8 to 10 mm and a length of 20 to 50 mm. That is, small solid fuels are 50 mm or less in size.

[0012] If the technology of Patent Document 1 is adopted in such a small solid fuel production line, the following problems arise. First, in the technology of Patent Document 1, soft plastics are crushed in a twin-shaft crusher to prevent them from becoming entangled. However, as mentioned above, the crushed pieces (FIG. 8(b), reference numeral 125) crushed in the twin-shaft crusher are of irregular sizes. Small solid fuels are cylindrical with an outer diameter of 8 to 10 mm and a length of 20 to 50 mm, and if large crushed pieces exceeding 50 mm are mixed in, they will not fit together well. This poor fit causes problems in production and results in unstable product quality.

[0013] Second, the technology of Patent Document 1 requires both a single-shaft crusher and a biaxial crusher in the production line for small solid fuels. Procuring both a single-shaft crusher and a biaxial crusher increases the cost of setting up the production line. Furthermore, installing both a single-shaft crusher and a biaxial crusher increases the installation area of ​​the production line.

[0014] If it were possible to process soft plastics with a single-shaft crusher, the first problem mentioned above would be solved.Furthermore, since only a single-shaft crusher would need to be installed on a small solid fuel production line, the second problem mentioned above would also be solved.

[0015] In other words, to solve the first and second problems mentioned above, a crushing technology for soft resin sheets is required that does not cause clogging of the screen, assuming the use of a uniaxial crusher. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0016] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 2928774 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing technique for soft resin sheets that does not cause clogging of the screen, assuming the use of a uniaxial crusher. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] The invention according to claim 1 is a method for crushing a soft resin sheet using a uniaxial crusher, The uniaxial crusher includes a fixed blade, a rotor, a rotary blade provided on the rotor and configured to shear the soft resin sheet together with the fixed blade, and a screen for discharging crushed fragments when those sheared fragments that pass through the screen holes are considered to be crushed fragments, preparing agglomerates of a size that can pass through the screen holes in addition to the uniaxial crusher and the soft resin sheet; A step of feeding the soft resin sheet and the agglomerates into the uniaxial crusher; shearing the soft resin sheet with the uniaxial crusher to obtain the sheared pieces; and discharging the agglomerates and the broken pieces from the screen. The discharged mass is used to push down the shredded pieces that cover the screen holes, thereby preventing the shredded pieces from clogging the screen holes.

[0019] The invention according to claim 2 is the method for crushing a soft resin sheet according to claim 1, The lump is characterized in that it is a discarded golf ball.

[0020] The invention according to claim 3 is a crushing facility for soft resin sheets, comprising a uniaxial crusher, a resin sheet feeding mechanism for feeding soft resin sheets into the uniaxial crusher, and a lump feeding mechanism for feeding lumps into the uniaxial crusher, The uniaxial crusher includes a casing, a hopper attached to an upper portion of the casing for guiding the soft resin sheet and the lumps to the casing, a fixed blade disposed within the casing and fixed to the casing side, a rotor rotatably housed in the casing, a rotary blade attached to the rotor and configured to shear the soft resin sheet together with the fixed blade into sheared pieces, and a screen having a screen mesh with a predetermined hole diameter and attached to the casing so as to surround a portion of the rotor, The agglomerates are of a size that can pass through the screen holes, and are characterized in that when the sheared pieces become clogged in the screen holes, they pass through the screen holes and play a role in clearing the clog.

[0021] The invention according to claim 4 is the soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to claim 3, The diameter of the mass is smaller than the distance from the rotor to the screen.

[0022] The invention according to claim 5 is the soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to claim 4, The lump is characterized in that it is a discarded golf ball. [Effects of the Invention]

[0023] According to the method for crushing a soft resin sheet according to claim 1, even if the sheared pieces become clogged in the screen holes, the lumps will push the clog away. As a result, the present invention provides a technique for crushing soft resin sheets that does not cause clogging of the screen, assuming the use of a uniaxial crusher.

[0024] In the method for crushing a soft resin sheet according to claim 2, the lumps are discarded golf balls. Currently, golf courses and driving ranges are struggling with how to dispose of the discarded golf balls they generate. According to the present invention, this problem can be solved and resources can be effectively utilized by reusing discarded golf balls.

[0025] According to the soft resin sheet crushing equipment of claim 3, as in claim 1, even if shredded pieces get stuck in the screen holes, the clumps can be pushed out. As a result, the present invention provides a technique for crushing soft resin sheets that does not cause clogging of the screen, assuming the use of a uniaxial crusher.

[0026] In addition, according to claim 3, it is only necessary to add a lump injection mechanism to existing crushing equipment, which makes it possible to easily convert existing crushing equipment into equipment for crushing soft resin sheets that does not clog the screen.

[0027] In the soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to claim 4, the diameter of the lumps is smaller than the distance from the rotor to the screen. The agglomerates can pass between the rotor and the screen, so that the shape of the agglomerates is maintained and the agglomerates can be recycled.

[0028] In the soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to claim 5, the lumps are waste golf balls, as in claim 2. Golf courses, golf driving ranges, and the like have had a hard time dealing with the waste golf balls that are generated. According to the present invention, this problem can be solved and resources can be effectively utilized by reusing discarded golf balls. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a crushing facility for a soft resin sheet according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the lump injection mechanism. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a single-shaft crusher. [Figure 4] 10(a) to 10(d) are diagrams for explaining the action of the mass. [Figure 5] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a modified example of the soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part 6 in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] 10(a) and 10(b) are diagrams illustrating a modified example of the sorter. [Figure 8] (a) is a cross-sectional view of a conventional single-shaft crusher, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of a conventional double-shaft crusher. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Example]

[0031] [Soft resin sheet crushing equipment] As shown in Figure 1, the soft resin sheet crushing equipment 10 mainly comprises a uniaxial crusher 30, a resin sheet feeding mechanism 12 that feeds a soft resin sheet 11 into the uniaxial crusher 30, and a lump feeding mechanism 20 that feeds lumps 21 into the uniaxial crusher 30.

[0032] Preferably, the soft resin sheet crushing equipment 10 is equipped with a first horizontal conveyor 41 disposed below the uniaxial crusher 30, a sorting machine 50 disposed on the outlet side of the first horizontal conveyor 41, a second horizontal conveyor 42 disposed below the upper outlet 51 of the sorting machine 50, a classification net 43 disposed below the lower outlet 52 of the sorting machine 50, and a first bucket 44 and a second bucket 45 disposed below the classification net 43.

[0033] The detailed structure of the single-shaft crusher 30 will be explained in FIG. 3, and the detailed structure of the lump injection mechanism 20 will be explained in FIG.

[0034] [Soft resin sheet] The soft resin sheet 11 is soft resin waste such as a resin sheet having a thickness of about 0.05 to 0.1 mm, such as a polyethylene bag abbreviated as a plastic shopping bag, or a thin resin film. Since it is waste, the type of soft resin is not limited.

[0035] [Resin sheet feeding mechanism] The resin sheet feeding mechanism 12 is preferably an inclined conveyor as shown in Fig. 1. However, the resin sheet feeding mechanism 12 may be a simple hopper, and any type or form is acceptable as long as it is a mechanism that can feed the soft resin sheet 12 into the uniaxial crusher 30.

[0036] [Lump] The lumps 21 have a higher specific gravity than the soft resin sheet 11, are heavy to a certain extent, and are lumps of a size that can pass through the screen holes (FIG. 3, reference numeral 33a).

[0037] The mass 21 is, for example, a used discarded golf ball 22. The standard specifies that the outer diameter of the discarded golf balls 22 must be 1.68 inches (42.67 mm) or more. If the screen holes are 50 mm, the discarded golf balls 22 can easily pass through the screen holes. The discarded golf balls 22 have a rubber core covered with urethane, and are significantly heavier than the soft resin sheet 11.

[0038] A large amount of discarded golf balls 22 is generated from golf courses and golf driving ranges. Conventionally, discarded golf balls 22 have been disposed of (incinerated or landfilled) for a fee. According to the present invention, such discarded golf balls 22 can be effectively utilized.

[0039] In addition to discarded golf balls 22, the lumps 21 may also be softballs, charcoal briquettes, or pieces of rubber; in short, any type of lumps is acceptable as long as they have a certain weight and are large enough to pass through the screen holes.

[0040] The outer diameter of baseballs for adults and junior high school students is 72 mm, while that of baseballs for elementary school students is 69 mm. Baseballs can be used if the mesh size is 75 mm. Traditionally, used baseballs have been incinerated. According to the present invention, such worn-out softballs can be effectively utilized.

[0041] Tadon (charcoal pellets) are fuel made by mixing powdered charcoal or coal with funori seaweed, solidifying it into a ball, and drying it. The chips that are generated when cutting long pieces of charcoal to a specified size become charcoal powder, which is extremely inexpensive. Furthermore, the particles generated by the collision of coals become coal powder, which is also extremely inexpensive. Some of the tadon (charcoal briquettes) (dust) adheres to the crushed pieces (Figure 3, symbol 32), but since charcoal dust is also a type of fuel, it is not a problem if charcoal dust is mixed into the solid fuel.

[0042] Rubber pieces are obtained by cutting up old tires. However, the resulting rubber pieces tend to be cubic or rectangular. Considering the need to pass the pieces through the screen smoothly, it is preferable for the pieces to be spherical (including nearly spherical) rather than cubic, which makes using rubber pieces somewhat difficult. In this respect, the discarded golf balls 22 are more preferable because they are spherical.

[0043] [Sorting machine] From the uniaxial crusher 30, crushed pieces 32 of a predetermined size from the crushed soft resin sheet 11 and the lumps 21 (including fragments of the lumps 21) are discharged. The sorter 50 is, for example, an inclined screw conveyor 53. The inclined screw conveyor 53 comprises a cylindrical body 54 and a screw 55 rotatably housed in the cylindrical body 54, and is provided with an upper outlet 51 at one end of the cylindrical body 54 and a lower outlet 52 and an inlet 56 at the other end of the cylindrical body 54, and is inclined so that the upper outlet 51 is at the top and the lower outlet 52 is at the bottom.

[0044] The mixture (crushed pieces 32 + lumps 21) fed from the inlet 56 is driven by the action of the screw 55, with the lighter crushed pieces 32 heading towards the upper outlet 51 and the heavier lumps 21 falling from the screw 55 and sliding down the inner surface of the cylinder 54 towards the lower outlet 52. As a result of the above, the crushed pieces 32 and the lumps 21 are separated.

[0045] The sorter 50 may be a wind sorter or a centrifugal sorter, and any type or form is acceptable as long as it has a mechanism for receiving the mixture (crushed pieces 32 + lumps 21) and sorting it into crushed pieces 32 and lumps 21.

[0046] [Classification network] The classification net 43 has meshes that are sufficiently smaller than the outer diameter of the lumps 21. If the lumps 21 are discarded golf balls 22 with an outer diameter of about 43 mm, the mesh size is set to about 40 mm. The classification screen 43 is vibrated by a vibrator 46 and is provided obliquely thereon. Lumps 21 larger than the mesh size slide down the classification net 43 and are collected in the first bucket 44. The classification net 43 collected in the first bucket 44 is returned to the lump feeding mechanism 20 by a mechanism such as a conveyor and is reused.

[0047] The lumps 21 are crushed into fragments 23 by the uniaxial crusher 30, although this is not frequent. The fragments 23 pass through the classification net 43 and are collected in the second bucket 45 . If the fragments 23 are combustible materials such as resin or rubber, the fragments 23 can be used as raw materials for small solid fuels. If the debris 23 is non-combustible, the debris 23 is incinerated or landfilled.

[0048] [Second horizontal conveyor] The second horizontal conveyor 42 transports the crushed pieces 32 that drop from the upper exit 51 of the sorter 50 to the next process. The next process may be, for example, a small solid fuel production line, where the crushed pieces 32 are pieces of soft resin sheets that are uniform in size and are fed to a ring die molding machine.

[0049] [Lump feeding mechanism] As shown in FIG. 2, the lump feeding mechanism 20 comprises, for example, a hopper 24, a rotary valve 25 provided below the hopper 24, a valve motor 26 that rotates the rotary valve 25, a motor control unit 27 that controls the valve motor 26, and a speed setter 28 that sets the rotation speed of the valve motor 26.

[0050] The rotary valve 25 has a plurality of (four in this example) blades 29 arranged at equal intervals on a rotary shaft. The blades 29 form a plurality of (four in this example) chambers (pockets). One (or a predetermined number) discarded golf ball 22 falls into one chamber from the hopper 24. When the rotary valve 25 is rotated 180°, the discarded golf ball 22 falls from the rotary valve 25.

[0051] When the rotation speed of the rotary valve 25 is increased by the speed setting device 28, the number of discarded golf balls 22 discharged per unit time increases, and when the rotation speed is decreased, the number of discarded golf balls 22 discharged decreases. The lump feeding mechanism 20 may be a parts feeder that lines up the discarded golf balls 22 and feeds them out one by one, and the type and format of the mechanism are arbitrary.

[0052] [Single shaft crusher] A uniaxial crusher crushes materials by shearing between fixed blades and rotary blades, so it is more correctly called a shear-type uniaxial crusher or a uniaxial shear-type crusher.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 3, the uniaxial crusher 30 includes, for example, a casing 33, a hopper 34 attached to the top of the casing 33 to receive the soft resin sheet 11 and lumps 21 and guide them to the casing 33, a fixed blade 35 disposed within the casing 33 and fixed to the casing 33 side, a rotor 36 rotatably stored in the casing 33, a rotary blade 37 attached to the rotor 36 and which, together with the fixed blade 35, shears the soft resin sheet 11 into sheared pieces 31, a screen 38 having screen holes 38a with a predetermined hole diameter (for example, 50 mm) and attached to the casing 33 so as to surround a part (bottom) of the rotor 36, and a pusher 39 that urges the soft resin sheet 11 toward the rotor 36.

[0054] The fixed blade 35 may be fixed directly to the casing 33, or may be fixed indirectly to the casing 33 via an appropriate bracket. Note that "fixing" when fixing the fixed blade 35 includes detachably fixing the fixed blade 35 to the casing 33 with bolts, clamps, etc.

[0055] [Shear fragment] The fixed blade 35 corresponds to one blade of scissors, and the rotary blade 37 corresponds to the other blade of scissors. The fixed blade 35 and the rotary blade 37 shear the soft resin sheet 11. Sheared pieces 31 are obtained by shearing. The sheared pieces 31 are of irregular sizes.

[0056] [Shards] Of the sheared pieces 31, those that are large enough to pass through the screen holes 38a are discharged from the screen 38. These discharged pieces are called crushed pieces 32. The sheared pieces 31 larger than the screen holes 38a are rotated by the rotor 36 and directed again toward the fixed blade 35, where they are sheared again. The sheared pieces 31 are sheared repeatedly, and as a result, become crushed pieces 32.

[0057] That is, among the sheared pieces of the soft resin sheet 11, those inside the screen 38 are called sheared pieces, and those outside the screen 38 are called crushed pieces, to distinguish between the two.

[0058] In this embodiment, the distance D from the rotor 36 to the screen 38 is set to 70 mm. The distance D is sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the lump 21 (waste golf ball 22). Furthermore, the fixed blade 35 is not a continuous blade in the axial direction of the rotor 36 but is an intermittent blade, and most of the lumps 21 pass through the fixed blade 35. Some of the lumps are sheared by the fixed blade 35 and become fragments (see FIG. 1, reference numeral 23). The agglomerates (including agglomerate fragments) 21 then pass through a screen 38 . As a result, crushed pieces 32 and agglomerates (including fragments of agglomerates) 21 of uniform size are discharged from the screen 38 and reach the first horizontal conveyor (FIG. 1, reference numeral 41).

[0059] Next, the function of the lump 21 (discarded golf ball 22) will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4(a), shear pieces 31A (capital letters are subscripts that distinguish locations) having a diameter larger than the hole diameter of the screen holes 38a may overlap the screen holes 38a. The other shredded pieces 31B and 31C are stacked so as to be attached to this large shredded piece 31A.

[0060] Even if the other sheared pieces 31B and 31C have a smaller diameter than the screen holes 38a, they cannot pass through the screen holes 38a because they are obstructed by the sheared piece 31A. In this way, the laminate grows and increases in thickness, and as the thickness increases, the bending rigidity increases accordingly, and the laminate does not easily pass through the screen holes 38a. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the sheared pieces 31A to 31C get stuck in the screen holes 38a.

[0061] However, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4(c), the lumps 21 (discarded golf balls 22) reach the screen holes 38a. Then, as shown in FIG. 4(d), the lumps 21 (waste golf balls 22) pass through the screen holes 38a and forcefully push down the sheared pieces 31A to 31C, thereby eliminating clogging.

[0062] Although the shredded pieces 31A are larger than the crushed pieces 32, their proportion to the total amount of the crushed pieces 32 is small, and it is acceptable for them to be mixed in with the crushed pieces 32. As described above, by mixing the lumps 21 into the soft resin sheet 11 which is prone to clogging, it has become possible to crush the soft resin sheet 11 in the uniaxial crusher 30.

[0063] [Method for crushing soft resin sheets] The soft resin sheet is crushed in the following manner. This is a method for crushing a soft resin sheet, in which a uniaxial crusher 30 as shown in FIG. 3 is used to crush a soft resin sheet 11.

[0064] As shown in Figure 3, the uniaxial crusher 30 is equipped with a fixed blade 35, a rotor 36, a rotating blade 37 attached to the rotor 36 and which shears the soft resin sheet 11 together with the fixed blade 35, and a screen which discharges the crushed pieces 32 when the sheared pieces 31 obtained by shearing and which pass through the screen holes 38a are considered to be crushed pieces 32.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, the method of the present invention includes the steps of preparing a uniaxial crusher 30, a soft resin sheet 11, and lumps 21 of a size that can pass through the screen holes 38a; A step of feeding the soft resin sheet 11 and the lumps 21 into a uniaxial crusher 30; a step of shearing the soft resin sheet 11 with a fixed blade 35 and a rotary blade 37 of a uniaxial crusher 30 to obtain sheared pieces 31; and a step of discharging the lumps 21 and the broken pieces 32 through the screen 38.

[0066] Through the above steps, crushed pieces 32 of uniform size can be obtained. Then, in the discharging step, as shown in FIG. 4(d), the discharged mass 21 can forcibly push down the sheared pieces 31A to 31C that have become stuck in the screen holes 38a. As a result, the soft resin sheet 11 can be smoothly broken by the uniaxial crusher 30.

[0067] Next, a modified example of the soft resin sheet crushing equipment 10 described with reference to FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in Figure 5, the soft resin sheet crushing equipment 10 in the modified example has a resin sheet feeding mechanism 12, a lump feeding mechanism 20, and a uniaxial crusher 30 as its main elements, and in addition to these, it also comprises a screw conveyor 60, a sorting machine 70, and a second horizontal conveyor 42. The resin sheet feeding mechanism 12, lump feeding mechanism 20, uniaxial crusher 30, and second horizontal conveyor 42 are the same as those in FIG. 1, so the reference numerals in FIG. 1 are used and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0068] The screw conveyor 60 is arranged horizontally (including nearly horizontally), and conveys the crushed pieces 32 and lumps 21 (for example, discarded golf balls 22) received in the hopper 61 horizontally with the screw 62 and discharges them from the outlet 63. The screw 62 has a constant blade pitch and a constant rotation speed, and therefore discharges a constant amount of crushed pieces 32 per unit time. In other words, the screw 62 exerts a fixed amount of cutting action.

[0069] The sorter 70 is an inclined conveyor and is composed of a lower pulley 71, an upper pulley 72, and a belt 73 stretched over them. The lower pulley 71 or the upper pulley 72 is driven by an electric motor via a reducer. The electric motor and the reducer vibrate to a certain extent. This vibration causes the lower pulley 71 and the upper pulley 72 to vibrate, which in turn causes the belt 73 to vibrate up and down.

[0070] FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part 6 in FIG. 6, the belt 73 has horizontal bars 74 arranged at equal intervals on its outer surface (outer peripheral surface). The horizontal bars 74 are formed integrally with the belt 73 or attached to the belt 73 by adhesion or the like.

[0071] The height of the horizontal crosspiece 74 is less than half the outer diameter of the discarded golf ball 22 (for example, ¼ the outer diameter of the discarded golf ball 22). As the belt 73 is inclined and vibrates up and down, the discarded golf balls 22 roll over the crosspieces 74 and drop into the first bucket (FIG. 5, reference numeral 44) where they are collected.

[0072] The crushed pieces 32 are made of waste plastic and are lightweight, so they rise while hanging on the crosspieces 74 and drop onto the second horizontal conveyor (FIG. 5, reference numeral 42). The sorting machine 70 in the modified example is extremely simple in structure, yet can separate the broken pieces 32 from the discarded golf balls 22.

[0073] The horizontal beams 74 may be changed to diagonal beams. As shown in Fig. 7(a), the belt 73 has a pair of left and right diagonal bars 75 arranged at equal intervals on its outer surface (outer circumferential surface). The pair of left and right diagonal bars 75 are arranged to form a V. The left diagonal bar 75 and the right diagonal bar 75 are arranged at a distance so that the discarded golf balls 22 can pass through.

[0074] The discarded golf balls 22 roll down the upper surface of the belt 73 while passing between the left diagonal bar 75 and the right diagonal bar 75. On the other hand, the crushed pieces 32 are caught on the diagonal bars 75 and rise. In this manner, the broken pieces 32 and the discarded golf balls 22 are separated.

[0075] The sorter 70 may also be a combination of a flat belt and a side guard. As shown in Figure 7(b), the sorter 70 has a flat belt 76 and a pair of side guards 77 arranged along both sides of the flat belt 76. The side guards 77 are side plates, and are baffle plates that prevent the discarded golf balls 22 from falling to the sides.

[0076] The flat belt 76 is made of rubber and has a high coefficient of friction, so the light crushed pieces 32 are transported upward by the flat belt 76. On the other hand, the discarded golf balls 22, which tend to roll, roll down the upper surface of the flat belt 76. At this time, some of the discarded golf balls 22 may fall off the side. This problem is prevented by the side guards 77. In other words, by providing the side guards 77, the flat belt 76 can be used.

[0077] The flat belt 76 may be a mesh belt. The mesh size is approximately 1 / 8 to 1 / 2 of the outer diameter of the discarded golf balls 22. The discarded golf balls 22 roll down the upper surface of the mesh belt, and fragments of the discarded golf balls 22 (see FIG. 1, reference numeral 23) fall through the mesh of the mesh belt. Reusable discarded golf balls 22 and fragments that are difficult to reuse can be easily separated.

[0078] Such a side guard 77 may be additionally provided to the belt 73 with the cross bars 74 shown in FIG. As described above, the structure of the sorting machine (reference numeral 50 in Figure 1, reference numeral 70 in Figure 5) is optional; the essential point is that it has the function of sorting out light crushed fragments 32 from heavier lumps (such as discarded golf balls 22), and the method and structure can be selected arbitrarily.

[0079] Although discarded golf balls 22 are recommended as the chunks 21, if discarded golf balls 22 are not available, new golf balls or golf balls in use may be used instead. [Industrial Applicability]

[0080] The present invention is suitable for use in crushing plastic waste. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] 10...soft resin sheet crushing equipment, 11...soft resin sheet, 12...resin sheet feeding mechanism, 20...lump feeding mechanism, 21...lump, 22...waste golf balls, 30...single-shaft crusher, 31...shredded pieces, 32...crushed pieces, 33...casing, 34...hopper, 35...fixed blade, 36...rotor, 37...rotating blade, 38...screen, 38a...screen holes, D...distance from rotor to screen.

Claims

1. A method for crushing a soft resin sheet using a uniaxial crusher, The uniaxial crusher includes a fixed blade, a rotor, a rotary blade provided on the rotor and configured to shear the soft resin sheet together with the fixed blade, and a screen for discharging crushed fragments when those sheared fragments that pass through the screen holes are considered to be crushed fragments, preparing agglomerates of a size that can pass through the screen holes in addition to the uniaxial crusher and the soft resin sheet; A step of feeding the soft resin sheet and the agglomerates into the uniaxial crusher; shearing the soft resin sheet with the uniaxial crusher to obtain the sheared pieces; and discharging the agglomerates and the broken pieces from the screen. A method for crushing soft resin sheets, characterized in that the discharged lumps are used to push down the shredded pieces that cover the screen holes, thereby preventing the shredded pieces from clogging the screen holes.

2. The method for crushing a soft resin sheet according to claim 1, 10. A method for crushing a soft resin sheet, wherein the lumps are discarded golf balls.

3. A soft resin sheet crushing facility including a uniaxial crusher, a resin sheet feeding mechanism that feeds soft resin sheets into the uniaxial crusher, and a lump feeding mechanism that feeds lumps into the uniaxial crusher, The uniaxial crusher includes a casing, a hopper attached to an upper portion of the casing for guiding the soft resin sheet and the lumps to the casing, a fixed blade disposed within the casing and fixed to the casing side, a rotor rotatably housed in the casing, a rotary blade attached to the rotor and configured to shear the soft resin sheet together with the fixed blade into sheared pieces, and a screen having a screen mesh with a predetermined hole diameter and attached to the casing so as to surround a portion of the rotor, The lumps are lumps of a size that can pass through the screen holes, and when the sheared pieces become clogged in the screen holes, they pass through the screen holes and play a role in clearing the clog.

4. The soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to claim 3, 10. The soft resin sheet crushing equipment, wherein the diameter of the lumps is smaller than the distance from the rotor to the screen.

5. The soft resin sheet crushing equipment according to claim 4, The soft resin sheet crushing equipment is characterized in that the lumps are discarded golf balls.

Images