Storage system and method

Abstract

To provide a container storage system which includes a first series of fire detection, suppression and fire extinguishing means.SOLUTION: A system includes a container formed as a structural composite material. A container comprises a plurality of part of a structural or a storage nature. The system further comprises means for using the container, and the system itself to reduce the likelihood of fire spreading through a large grating base system.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12a

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to storage systems. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to storage systems having storage containers in stacks positioned in a grid structure, as well as apparatus, systems and methods for preventing, suppressing, detecting and extinguishing fires in such storage systems. [Background technology]

[0002] Some commercial and industrial activities require systems that allow for the storage and retrieval of a vast number of different products. One known type of system for the storage and retrieval of items in multiple product lines involves stacking storage bins or containers in a stack arranged in rows. The storage bins or containers are accessed from above by a load handling device, eliminating the need for aisles between the rows and allowing more containers to be stored in a given space.

[0003] Methods for handling containers stacked in rows have been known for many years. Some such systems, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,701,065, Bertel, provide freestanding stacks of containers arranged in rows to reduce the amount of storage associated with storing such containers while still providing access to specific containers when needed. Access to a given container is made possible by stacking the given container and providing a relatively complex hoisting mechanism that can be used to remove the given container from the stack. However, the cost of such systems makes them impractical in many situations, and they have been primarily commercialized for storing and handling large shipping containers.

[0004] The concept of using freestanding container stacks to provide mechanisms for retrieving and storing specific containers has been further developed, as described, for example, in EP 0767113B to Cimcorp. '113 discloses a mechanism for retrieving multiple stacked containers using a robotic load handler in the form of a rectangular tube that is lowered around the container stack and configured to grasp a container at any level of the stack. In this way, several containers can be lifted from the stack at once. The movable tube can be used to move several stacks from the top of one stack to the top of another, or to move containers from the stack to an external location and vice versa. Such a system can be particularly useful when all of the containers in a single stack contain the same product (known as a single product stack).

[0005] In the system described in '113, the height of the tube must be at least as high as the height of the largest stack of containers so that the tallest stack of containers can be extracted in a single motion. Thus, when used in a confined space such as a warehouse, the maximum height of the stack is limited by the need to accommodate the tube of the load handler.

[0006] EP1037828B1 (Autostore), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, describes a system in which a stack of containers is arranged within a frame structure. A system of this type is illustrated diagrammatically in Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings. A robotic load handling device can controllably move about the stack on a system of tracks on the top surface of the stack.

[0007] Other forms of robotic load handling devices are further described, for example, in Norwegian Patent 317366, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. , Figure 3(b) and FIG. 3(c) shows the load handling device lifting the container. Schematic diagram is.

[0008] A further development of the load handling device is described in UK Patent Application No. 1314313.6 (Ocado) in which each robotic load handler covers only one grid space, thus allowing a higher density of load handlers and therefore a higher throughput for a system of a given size. However, any suitable form of load handling device may be used.

[0009] In such storage systems, many containers are tightly packed over a large area, and in the event of some form of disaster, such as sprinkler deployment, fire, or system failure, it would be necessary to shut down the entire storage system at great cost, disrupting the operation of any business utilizing the system. Summary of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, there is provided a storage system comprising containers stacked in stacks within a framework comprising supports, the framework structure comprising a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of vertical storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between the support members and guided vertically by the support members, the plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of lattice members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of lattice members to form a lattice structure comprising a plurality of lattice cells, the storage system comprising containers positioned in stacks in the vertical storage locations, the containers comprising a skeleton portion and a storage portion, the skeleton portion comprising means for positioning the storage portion therein, the skeleton portion and the storage portion cooperating to form a structural composite container.

[0011] According to the present invention, there is provided a storage system comprising containers stacked in stacks within a framework comprising supports, the framework structure comprising a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of vertical storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and vertically guided by the support members, the plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells, the storage system comprising containers positioned in stacks at the vertical storage locations, the containers (10) comprising pressed sheet metal.

[0012] According to the present invention, there is provided a storage system comprising containers stacked in stacks within a framework comprising supports, the framework structure comprising a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between the support members and guided vertically by the support members, the plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of lattice members being contiguous with the first set of lattice members in a substantially horizontal plane to form a lattice structure comprising a plurality of lattice cells, the storage system comprising containers positioned in stacks at the vertical storage locations, the support members comprising inflatable seals such that an increase in temperature in the containers within the storage system causes the seals to expand and seal the hotter containers.

[0013] According to the present invention, there is provided a storage system comprising containers stacked in stacks within a framework comprising supports, the framework structure comprising a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between the support members and guided vertically by the support members, the plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells, the storage system comprising containers positioned in stacks at the vertical storage locations, some of the storage locations being free of containers, and the arrangement of some of the locations being arranged to form a gap in the storage system.

[0014] According to the present invention, there is provided a storage system comprising containers stacked in stacks within a framework comprising supports, the framework structure comprising a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between the support members and guided vertically by the support members, the plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells, the storage system comprising containers positioned in stacks at the vertical storage locations, the storage system further comprising a control system which functions to arrange the containers within the vertical storage locations such that the arrangement of the containers is in accordance with the inventory items stored in the containers to create a compartmentalized storage system.

[0015] According to the present invention, there is provided a storage system comprising containers stacked in stacks within a framework comprising supports, the framework structure comprising a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations so that one or more containers are stacked between the support members and guided vertically by the support members, the plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells, the storage system comprising containers positioned in stacks at the vertical storage locations, and the storage system further comprising deployable physical fire suppression means deployed on a top surface of the storage system to deprive any flames of oxygen.

[0016] Advantageously, the columns of the frame structure deliver services such as power, water, data communication means, lighting means and sensing means throughout the frame structure.

[0017] Additionally, service may be directed from the pole to the individual vessels, for example water may be sprayed from the pole into the vessels.

[0018] Additionally, the columns may carry sensing means for detecting fire, smoke, heat or gas within the frame structure.

[0019] Additionally, the poles may carry power cables or data communication cables such as fiber optics.

[0020] Advantageously, the substantially horizontal lattice structure may be provided with foldable walkways and / or guardrails to facilitate access to the partitioned areas in case of partition deployment.

[0021] According to a further aspect of the present invention, the compartments can create distinct temperature zones within a given storage system.

[0022] In this way, in the event of a catastrophic failure of a part of the storage system, the relevant part can be partitioned from the rest of the system so that the system remains safe yet operational.

[0023] In doing so, the present invention provides a system and method that overcomes the problems of the prior art and increases the reliability and reduces the overall cost of large container handling and storage systems. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a frame structure for accommodating a stack of multiple containers in a storage system, the system comprising a substantially horizontal grid mounted on a series of supports, the grid and supports together defining a framework. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a portion of the grating structure of FIG. [Figure 3a] FIG. 3(a) is a schematic perspective view of a robotic load handling device lifting a container. [Figure 3b] FIG. 3(b) is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of a robotic load handling device lifting a container. [Figure 3c] FIG. 3(c) is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of a robotic load handling device lifting a container. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a known storage system including a plurality of load handling devices of the type shown in FIGS. 3(a), 3(b), and 3(c) mounted on the frame structure of FIGS. 1 and 2, along with a robotic service device in accordance with one aspect of the present invention. [Figure 5a] FIG. 5a is a schematic perspective view of the known storage system of FIGS. 1 and 4, with details of the columns and load handling devices removed for clarity. [Figure 5b] 5b is a schematic perspective view of the storage system of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprising a partition disposed below the lattice structure, the representation of the lattice structure having been removed for clarity. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the storage system of FIG. 5 a in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, showing the deployable partitions partially deployed, with the partitions mounted below a lattice structure, the representation of which has been removed for clarity. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the storage system of FIG. 5 according to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the structure further comprises a drain pipe to allow drainage of fluid in the event of sprinkler deployment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a storage system according to a further embodiment of the present invention, in which a lattice structure supports a safety barrier thereon. [Figure 9a] FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of a storage system according to a further embodiment of the invention, the system comprising a walkway suspended above a grate. [Figure 9b]FIG. 9b is a schematic illustration of the frame structure of FIG. 9a according to a further embodiment of the present invention, the walkway of FIG. 9a comprising a safety barrier suspended therefrom. [Figure 10a] Figure 10a is a schematic diagram of a storage system with an aisle of stacked containers 10, with part of the stack 12 removed to provide a firebreak. [Figure 10b] Figure 10b is a schematic diagram of a storage system with an aisle of stacked containers 10, with part of the stack 12 removed to provide a firebreak. [Figure 11a] FIG. 11a is a schematic diagram of one form of a container according to an embodiment of the present invention, the container including a frame portion and a storage portion. [Figure 11b] FIG. 11b is a schematic diagram of one form of container according to an embodiment of the present invention, the container including a frame portion and a storage portion. [Figure 12a] FIG. 12a is a schematic illustration of a further form of container according to an embodiment of the present invention, the container having mesh sides. [Figure 12b] FIG. 12b is a schematic illustration of a further form of container according to an embodiment of the present invention, the container having mesh sides. [Figure 13a] FIG. 13a is a schematic diagram of one form of container according to an embodiment of the present invention, the container comprising a lid. [Figure 13b] FIG. 13b is a schematic diagram of one form of container according to an embodiment of the present invention, the container comprising a lid. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of one form of container according to a further embodiment of the invention, the container comprising sheet metal. [Figure 15a] FIG. 15a is a schematic diagram of a fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention, the system including a deployable asbestos blanket. [Figure 15b] FIG. 15b is a schematic diagram of a fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention, the system including a deployable asbestos blanket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, stackable containers known as bins 10 are stacked on top of one another to form a stack 12. The stack 12 is arranged within a frame structure 14 in a warehouse or manufacturing environment. Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the frame structure 14, and Figure 2 is a top view showing a single stack 12 of bins 10 arranged within the frame structure 14. Each bin 10 typically holds multiple product items (not shown), which may be identical or may be of different product types depending on the application.

[0026] The frame structure 14 includes a plurality of support members 16 supporting horizontal members 18, 20. A first set of parallel horizontal members 18 are arranged perpendicular to a second set of parallel horizontal members 20 to form a substantially horizontal lattice structure supported by the support members 16. The members 16, 18, 20 are typically fabricated from metal. The containers 10 are stacked between the members 16, 18, 20 of the frame structure 14, so that the frame structure 14 guards against horizontal movement of the stack 12 of containers 10 and guides vertical movement of the containers 10.

[0027] The top level of the frame structure 14 includes rails 22 arranged in a grid pattern 2 across the top of the stacks 12. Further referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 , the rails 22 support a plurality of robotic load handling devices 30. A first set 22a of parallel rails 22 guides movement of the load handling devices 30 in a first direction (X) across the top of the frame structure 14, and a second set 22b of parallel rails 22 is disposed perpendicular to the first set 22a and guides movement of the load handling devices 30 in a second direction (Y) perpendicular to the first direction. In this manner, the rails 22 enable movement of the load handling devices 30 in two dimensions, in the XY plane, so that the load handling devices 30 can be moved to a position above any of the stacks 12.

[0028] Each load handling device 30 includes a vehicle 32 arranged to move in the X and Y directions on the rails 22 of the frame structure 14 above the stack 12. A first set of wheels 34, consisting of a pair of wheels 34 at the front of the vehicle 32 and a pair of wheels 34 at the rear of the vehicle 32, are arranged to engage two adjacent rails of the first set 22a of rails 22. Similarly, a second set of wheels 36, consisting of a pair of wheels 36 on each side of the vehicle 32, are arranged to engage two adjacent rails of the second set 22b of rails 22. Each set of wheels 34, 36 can be raised and lowered so that either the first set of wheels 34 or the second set of wheels 36 is engaged with the respective set of rails 22a, 22b at any one time.

[0029] When the first set of wheels 34 is engaged with the first set of rails 22a and the second set of wheels 36 is fully lifted off the rails 22, the wheels 34 can be driven to move the load handling device 30 in the X direction via a drive mechanism (not shown) stored in the vehicle 32. To move the load handling device 30 in the Y direction, the first set of wheels 34 is fully lifted off the rails 22 and the second set of wheels 36 is lowered into engagement with the second set of rails 22b. The drive mechanism can then be used to drive the second set of wheels 36 to achieve movement in the Y direction.

[0030] In this manner, one or more robotic load handling devices 30 can move around the top surface of the stack 12 on the frame structure 14 under the control of a central picking system (not shown). Each robotic load handling device 30 is provided with means for lifting one or more receptacles or containers from the stack to access the required products. In this manner, multiple products can be accessed from multiple locations in the grid and stack at any one time.

[0031] FIG. 4 shows a typical storage system as described above, with multiple load handling devices 30 active on stack 12 .

[0032] 1 and 4 show containers 10 in stacks 12 within a storage system. It will be appreciated that there may be many containers 10 in any given storage system, many different items stored in stacks, and each container 10 may contain a different item within a single stack 12. It will further be understood that the containers may be empty while stored in a stack, or may contain items such as parcels or other items for future delivery.

[0033] Figure 5a shows a simplified schematic diagram of a lattice structure as shown in Figure 1. The framework 14 is depicted without showing the individual struts 16.

[0034] Storage System Classification As shown in FIG. 5b, the storage system may be divided by dividers 19. In FIG. 5b, the representation of the grid 22 has been removed to improve clarity of the illustration. Additionally, the framework 14 is depicted without the individual supports 16 for clarity. It should be understood that the sides of the framework include supports 16, as shown in FIG. 1. The dividers 19 function to divide the storage system. The grid may be subdivided into smaller sections by solid dividers 19 down to a level below the top of the grid, and the dividers 19 may be formed from steel, aluminum, or any other material suitable for dividing a storage system.

[0035] It will be appreciated that, according to aspects of the present invention, the system may be partitioned into smaller subsections, defined, for example, by temperature, by suitable partitioning means. In this way, it is possible to have, for example, an ambient section, a cooling section, and a freezing section. It will also be appreciated that partitioning can have additional advantages. For example, partitioning allows for separating sections of the storage system from other sections. This may be necessary, for example, if there is a fire and fire suppression measures are used in a given area to extinguish the fire, as described above. Furthermore, in cases where the system is used for alternative uses, it may be advantageous to have different gas atmospheres in different parts of the system. This can also be achieved by partitioning the system. It will be appreciated that the partitioning means may be temporary and remotely deployable, for example, a roller shutter placed under a grate.

[0036] It will be further understood that the partitions can take the form of fixed partitions, such as fixed wall structures formed from concrete or thick gypsum wall or thinner gypsum board, that can be retrofitted to existing systems in the gaps between stacks 12 of containers 10, for example.

[0037] In use, the load handling device 30 is operable on top of the grid and functions to raise and lower containers 10 from the stacks 12 of containers 10 in the storage system.

[0038] In this type of storage system, there will inevitably be items requiring storage that are ignitable or may constitute a fire risk, such as matches or fireworks. In large storage systems containing multiple stacks 12 of containers 10, this may pose a significant fire risk, especially if the containers 10 are densely packed. Therefore, such systems are provided with sprinkler systems that, when deployed, are capable of extinguishing fires, but which may cause significant damage and disruption to the entire system.

[0039] Sprinkler Systems and Sections In a traditional warehouse situation, sprinklers might be deployed from the warehouse roof. In a storage system such as that described herein, this can cover a large area and may be above the grate level. Such sprinkler deployment, along with the load handling device 30, can cause damage over a wide area of ​​the system, resulting in costly shutdowns and restocking of goods. By limiting sprinkler deployment to the area below the grate 22 and load handling device 30, costly damage can be avoided.

[0040] In a first embodiment of the invention, a divider 19 is disposed within the framework structure 14. The divider 19 comprises a solid, fixed installation that extends upward from the floor of the storage system to a level substantially just below the level of the grid of the framework 14. In this way, movement of the load handling device 30 on the grid is not inhibited by the divider 19.

[0041] The sprinkler means is positioned so that in the event of a fire, water from the sprinkler system falls only on the affected section of the storage system. In one aspect of the invention, the storage system is provided with a manually activatable sprinkler system so that an external manual input can activate the sprinkler system once a fire is detected within the system, rather than relying on the temperature of the sprinkler heads to activate the system once increased.

[0042] The divider 19 prevents water from spreading to portions of the storage system unaffected by the fire. In this way, the released water remains within one section of the storage system, where it aids in cooling and / or fire suppression. Any water damage does not spread to other sections, thereby limiting the total extent of damage. The space around the solid divider 9 can also be used to allow for the installation of pipes for the slow, controlled drainage of water after sprinkler activation.

[0043] It will be appreciated that in the event of a sprinkler activation, the robotic load handling device 30 may be routed away from or around the affected area.

[0044] The presence of the divider 19 limits any materials that may be released at the scene of a fire, thereby preserving goods, objects, inventory items, and any other items that may be contained within the container 10.

[0045] As shown in Figure 6, a further embodiment of the present invention illustrates an alternative form of divider. The divider 42 of this second embodiment of the present invention is releasably deployable from beneath the grate 22. The divider 42 may be equipped with an openable shutter system to allow for a more flexible division system. The divider 42 may be mounted beneath the grate 22 and deployed only when a fire is detected. Alternatively, the deployable partition may be deployed in response to a demand to cool or heat a portion of the storage system.

[0046] The partitioning means 42 may take the form of, for example, a roller shutter deployable in response to a predetermined signal indicating a desire to partition a portion of the system.

[0047] By compartmentalizing portions of the storage system, the characteristics of the system can be more easily monitored and controlled.

[0048] As shown in Figure 7, drainage means 110 may be incorporated into various subsections of the system to facilitate drainage of any fluid deployed via sprinkler activation. It will be appreciated that drainage means may be incorporated into systems having permanent dividers 19, deployable partitions 42, or both.

[0049] It is understood that the inclusion of a partition, whether deployable or permanent, does not seal off a section of the storage system from the rest of the storage system; a robotic loading and handling device requires access to the containers in the stack. Thus, to fully partition a stack 12 or multiple stacks, it is necessary to seal off the lattice spacing 22 at the top of the stack 12. This can be achieved in a number of ways, for example, a loading and handling device may be deployed above the stack 12, a robotic loading and handling device may be deployed to secure a lid on the stack, or multiple stacks 12, multiple robotic loading and handling devices may be used together on multiple stacks 12. Alternatively, an additional deployable shutter means 42 may be positioned below the lattice structure 22 and deployed horizontally across the stack 12 or multiple stacks.

[0050] It will be appreciated that there are numerous ways in which this can be accomplished, both mechanically and via the robotic load handling device 30.

[0051] It will be appreciated that the division of a system can have additional advantages, for example, division allows sections of a storage system to be separated from other sections. Different parts of the system can be maintained at different temperatures. Furthermore, having different gaseous atmospheres in different parts of the system may be advantageous in suppressing fires and preventing the spread of fires. This can be achieved by dividing the system. Division of the system has the advantage of allowing only a portion of the inventory to be affected by a fire.

[0052] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the space above the partition 9 can be equipped with a guardrail 111, which may be individually lifted or required. In use, the guardrail 111 is lifted to prevent the load handling device 30 from moving from one section of the storage system to another. This is particularly useful when a section of the storage system needs to be dried or cleaned after a sprinkler has been activated. It will also be appreciated that this is useful in the event of a mechanical failure of the load handling device or other part of the system, requiring personnel to be sent onto the grate to make repairs. Using this method, only a small portion of the grate needs to be closed during recovery.

[0053] In a further embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9a, a walkway 112 may be installed above the solid partition 19 to provide pedestrian access to all sections of the grid, as well as provide a structure by which the guardrails 112 described above can be lowered. The walkway 112 may also hold planks or the like that can be placed on the grid 22, allowing safe and effective pedestrian access to any failed equipment on the grid 22 when the grid is blocked, or to sections of the system where manual extinguishing is required. It will be understood that the walkway may be permanently suspended from the ceiling or any structural part of the building, including storage systems.

[0054] Figure 9b shows an alternative form of safety barrier 111. In this embodiment, the safety barrier 111 is deployable from the underside of the walkway 112. In this way, the substantially horizontal grid 22 remains intact and no complex deployment mechanism is required.

[0055] It will be appreciated that the above-described flame-retardant totes according to the present invention and the division of the storage system in combination with the use of the totes can have further advantages, for example, the division allows for separating sections of the storage system from other sections. This may be necessary, for example, if there is a fire, and fire suppression means are used in a given area to extinguish the fire. Furthermore, in cases where the system is used for alternative uses, it may be advantageous to have different gaseous atmospheres in different parts of the system. This can be achieved by dividing the system. It will be appreciated that the division means may be temporary, remotely deployable, and may be, for example, a roller shutter placed under a grate.

[0056] Fire detection and suppression systems in storage system structures When the storage system is in use, a load handling device 30 is operable on the grid portion 22 of the frame structure. The load handling device moves laterally above the stacks 12 of containers 10. Supports 16 of the frame structure support the load handling device above the stacks 12. The load handling device 30, under the control of computer means, lifts containers 10 from the stacks 12 and transports said containers 10 to a pick station (not shown) for removal of items from the containers. Additionally, the load handling device 30 functions to place containers 10 within the stacks 12 in the storage system for storing inventory or other items within the storage system.

[0057] It will be appreciated that the columns 16 of the framework 14 may be provided with service means that are routed around the storage system within the contours of the beams. Such services may comprise electrical power, sensor systems, system control means, or any other services that may be required within the framework of the storage system. For example, a specific example of a service that may be provided around the storage system is the routing of fluid supply means. The fluid provided by the fluid supply means may be, for example, water, such as a sprinkler system deployed in the event of a fire.

[0058] UK Patent Publication No. GB2541055A of Ocado Innovation Limited, which is incorporated herein by reference, details a system and method by which services and utilities can be transmitted and delivered around a framework of the nature described above.

[0059] Such services are routed around the framework via appropriate cables or pipes. The cables and pipes may be installed on the exterior of the columns or on the underside of a substantially horizontal lattice structure. Alternatively, the framework may be fabricated to allow for the routing of cables and piping within the structure of the extrusions including the grid and columns 16.

[0060] United Kingdom Patent Publication No. GB2541765A, filed October 13, 2015 by Ocado Innovation Limited, entitled "Plant Growing Systems and Methods," which is incorporated herein by reference, details systems and methods for growing plants in storage systems such as those described above. In particular, the fluid delivery systems described therein can include gases such as CO2, as used in greenhouse applications, or N2, which is used as a fire suppressant.

[0061] Fire, smoke and temperature sensors may be located within the framework 14 and monitored by suitable monitoring means, and in the event of a trigger from one or more of these sensors, sprinklers may be remotely activated to extinguish the fire or reduce the temperature.

[0062] Other sensor means that may be mounted on the framework structure may include camera means, such as, but not limited to, a CCD camera. A camera mounted on the support may be used to monitor the system during use, with images transmitted wirelessly or via suitable communication means to a remote monitoring system. The camera means may be used to inspect the system, for example, thermal imaging may be used to detect hot spots within the system, any hot spots remotely triggering sprinklers to be activated.

[0063] It will be understood that the sensors described above and any others not expressly mentioned all require a power source, power control, and a means of transmitting the sensor output to a central data logging means via appropriate communication means.

[0064] It will be understood that any type and method of communication may be used, such as, for example, WiFi, Bluetooth, 3-wire serial, SigFox, or other proprietary systems such as those described in UK Patent Application No. GB1509793.4 to Ocado Innovation Limited, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. It will be understood that any other suitable communication means or protocol may also be used.

[0065] It will be appreciated that the camera may be used in conjunction with other sensors to allow for remote visual inspection of the storage system in the event that one of the other sensor systems is triggered due to a fault in the framework.

[0066] In this manner, the structural and environmental condition of the storage system can be continuously monitored while the storage system is in use.

[0067] The masts 16 and framework 14 may be used to carry services that may be required by other aspects of the system. For example, electrical power may be transmitted along appropriate cables routed on the framework structure 14.

[0068] However, it will be appreciated that non-contact methods of transmitting the necessary power to the individual containers 10 and to the sensors mounted on the framework 14, such as magnetic induction or RF induction, may also be used. In this way, power is supplied to the service means, or sensors and sensor systems, in the individual containers 10 without the need for the containers 10 or sensors to come into contact with the posts 16. The posts 16 are positioned adjacent the corners of the containers 10, and each post 16 has a guide rail for that corner of the container. It will be appreciated that there is some tolerance between the guide rails and the containers 10, for example, approximately 5 mm in the case of a grid for storing and retrieving inventory items in an order fulfillment center.

[0069] For example, one container 10 may contain an ignitable product, such as a match. If the match is ignited, sensors within the framework may detect heat, fire, or smoke, and visual inspection via a camera may identify the individual container 10. Water may be directed at that individual container 10. In this manner, the fire may be contained within a single container 10 or a small number of containers.

[0070] In all of the above, it will be understood that sprinkler systems need not be limited to spraying water. They may also spray powders that act as fire suppressants, or may emit gases, such as N2. It will be understood that sprinkler systems may also emit other gases, such as CO2.

[0071] Other fire suppression measures utilize gases, such as nitrogen, to deprive the flame of oxygen. When deployed, the gas can also be directed at individual containers 10, but can also be directed near a stack 12 or multiple stacks 12.

[0072] In another embodiment, the framework may include fire suppression foam that may be ejected upon detection of a fire by sensors in the storage system, thereby preventing the spread of the fire.

[0073] In a further embodiment, the posts in the storage system include inflatable seals. When the temperature of the container (10) rises near such seals, the gap between the post and the container (10) is sealed, thereby reducing airflow between the container (10) and the post. This reduces the spread of fire throughout the system. In a further embodiment, fire-resistant drywall panels can be used in a similar manner to seal against the posts and floor, again reducing airflow through the system and preventing the spread of fire.

[0074] It will be appreciated that a lack of atmospheric oxygen in a given area of ​​the system may pose a hazard should maintenance be required by personnel. The use of gas sensors within the framework 14 establishes whether the environment is safe to inspect.

[0075] The columns 16, and the underside of the lattice 14, may be provided with connectors for connecting the containers 10 or stacks 12 of containers 10 to the framework 14. For example, if services are utilized by the containers 10, the provision of power, data, signals and services on the framework requires connection to the containers via appropriate connections. Any suitable connection means capable of connecting to the containers or to which the containers 10 can be releasably connected may be used. For example, a telescoping supply pipeline may be used that can be extended to connect the containers 10 to the lattice.

[0076] The posts 16 and framework 14 may be provided with sensing means capable of identifying individual containers 10, stacks of containers 12, or objects contained within the containers 10. The sensing means may comprise bar codes on the containers 10 and bar code readers on the posts, or camera means may be utilized. Any suitable method of labeling the individual containers and reading said labels may be used to achieve the same purpose.

[0077] In use, the identification and location of a given container 10 by the sensing means on the framework 14 allows the system to establish the identity, and therefore the contents, of the individual containers adjacent the sensors, connectors, and service means. In this manner, the individual containers 10 can be controlled, monitored, or processed by the means provided on the grid framework 14. For example, the sensors and control means can control the temperature within the individual containers 10, control the level of nutrients applied to the contents of the individual containers 10, communicate with, and transmit data via, the contents of the individual containers 10. Advantageously, such sensors and communication means located within the containers 10 and framework enable the identification of areas within the storage system requiring fire detection and fire suppression.

[0078] It will be appreciated that due to the presence of the load handling devices 30 on the grid 22, services provided within the framework 14 via the columns may need to be routed from the base of the storage system.

[0079] It will be understood that in all aspects of the present invention, the services provided on the framework 14 are not limited to those specifically described, but are services that can be routed through the columns and services that may be installed below the grid 22.

[0080] It will be appreciated that aspects of the storage system may be controlled or monitored, relaying data regarding the contents of the container to a central processing system, depending on the services needed within the storage system or provided to individual containers. Additionally, services and conditions within the container or container, such as temperature, humidity, lighting, or other parameters, may be controlled via control or monitoring means provided via the posts of the frame system. Control functions may be provided by a local control system in the container or by a central system that sends signals to actuators within the container via the posts. The transmitted data may provide information regarding the state of the container, the contents of the container, or may provide information regarding the state of the storage system in the vicinity of a given post. Furthermore, in this manner, containers may be heated or cooled as required by the particular contents of the container.

[0081] Furthermore, the embodiment described above and detailed in the accompanying drawings assumes that the storage system comprises containers 10 in stacks 12 arranged in a flexible manner within a framework 14 .

[0082] Furthermore, it will be appreciated that there are many combinations and permutations of system compartmentalization that may be used as either stand-alone fire protection or suppression systems or methods.

[0083] Atmospheric fire suppression Additionally, there are many ways to modify the atmosphere in and around a storage system so that if any fire does occur, its ability to spread is greatly reduced. Again, the combination of atmosphere selection and compartmentalization systems and methods can be used in many combinations.

[0084] It will be appreciated that a reduction in oxygen by volume within the volume of the storage system will inhibit the spread of fire. Consider the effectiveness of reducing the oxygen content (e.g., to 13.4% by volume) and increasing the nitrogen content (e.g., to 85.5%) of the atmosphere surrounding the storage system. This can be done by extracting nitrogen from the air outside the building containing the storage system. It will be appreciated that commercially available systems exist and that the combination of such systems with the storage system described herein will provide improved fire safety in large grid-based systems.

[0085] It will be appreciated that while 15% to 13% oxygen is safe for fit and healthy maintenance staff (consider, for example, that an altitude of 2700 m is 15% oxygen by volume and 3850 m is 13% oxygen by volume), creating a separate atmosphere around the storage system will reduce the risk of fire. Thus, it will be appreciated that a separate atmosphere from the work area is needed to improve the comfort of production workers. Other areas of the building containing storage systems may leak nitrogen-enriched air through their ports. This is compensated for by extracting nitrogen from the air outside the CFC. The advantage of such a system is that production workers are not required to work with significantly reduced oxygen levels.

[0086] Furthermore, in a further aspect of the present invention, a system is provided in which the oxygen content of a volume of a building comprising the storage system can be controlled and, upon detection of an accident, the nitrogen content in the volume increases as personnel are evacuated to extinguish the fire.

[0087] Container design and selection British Patent Publication No. GB2547783A1 describes the containers used in the storage system described above. Na Lina - The present invention discloses a storage system that includes a liner. Uh The metal liner may be formed from a suitable material such as metal or a flame-retardant plastic material. UhThe flame retardant plastic liner may be made from aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or from mild steel or any other suitable metal. Uh The liner may be made from PVC or glass-filled polymers with suitable flame retardant properties. These are just examples. Uh It will be appreciated that it may be formed from any suitable flame retardant material.

[0088] Lina Uh , Conte Na Formed to fit the inner surface. Uh , either manually or robotically Nah? The liner is formed so as to be removable from the Uh , Conte Na The shape is such that stacking ability is not hindered.

[0089] In this way, the liner - The container 10 containing the flammable items can be stored in the storage system described above with reference to Figures 1 to 4. M When it is necessary to store it in a storage system, the liner - The container 10 can be used.

[0090] Preferably, the liner -O and flammable materials Product Any container 10 containing a liner may be stored in a position within the stack 12 such that there is an additional container 10 above the liner-equipped container 10, and the base of the container 10 immediately above the liner-equipped container 10 is in contact with the liner in the container 10. -Inside Combustible items held in Mu's Form a lid on top.

[0091] Flammable items for storage in the system Mu When received at the input of a storage system (not shown), the item M is , Raina -The cargo handling device 30 may be configured to load the liner into the container 10 containing the cargo. This loading may be done manually or robotically. Alternatively, the cargo handling device 30 may be configured to load the liner into the container 10 containing the cargo. - The system may function to collect a container 10 containing the same or different types of flammable items from one of the stacks 12 of the storage system. M Such stored liner containers, which may already be filled or empty, are transported to the appropriate location inside the storage system and stored in a suitable container. The product is It is placed in a container with a liner.

[0092] Item Mu Liner in container 10 -Mid After being placed in the storage system, the load handling device 30 transports the filled container 10 to the appropriate position and places the container 10 in a stack 12 within the storage system.

[0093] Customer orders contain flammable materials Product When you need it, liner - The container 10 containing the required items is removed from the associated stack 12 and transported to a picking station (not shown), where the required items are picked up. Mu The items are removed from the container and added to a customer order. The customer order may include one or more flammable items and may include additional items such as perishables or other non-food items. The customer order is preferably packed into a shipping container in preparation for onward transmission to a delivery vehicle for delivery to the customer. Order packing may be manual or automated and may occur on a grid or at a picking station (not shown). The shipping container may include a container with bags, boxes, or additional liners, or any other suitable shipping packaging. The shipping container may be temporarily returned to the storage system to await onward transmission to the delivery vehicle.

[0094] Remove flammable items from the storage system. MIn another method of picking, the load handling device 30 collects the container 10 containing the flammable items and transports it to a first picking station to pick the first item. M The load handling device 30 can then transport the same container 10 to a further picking station (not shown) to fulfill another customer order, which may involve the liner - The container 10 contains flammable items. M Flammable or ignitable items will be removed from a given container 10 until it no longer contains any, or further customer orders are received. M You can continue until you no longer need it.

[0095] It will be appreciated that when the container 10 no longer contains flammable or ignitable items, it may be returned to the interior portion of the storage system for refilling, or may be returned to the stack 12 until needed. Uh It may be removed at the appropriate position on the grid, and the container 10 may be - It will be appreciated that it may also be used to store products and items that are not needed.

[0096] In any given storage system, ignitable or combustible materials Product Liners used to store - It will be appreciated that there may be multiple containers 10 provided.

[0097] In addition, multiple identical products Product The product can be stored in a predetermined liner container 10. Alternatively, multiple different products can be stored in the same container. Product The container 10 may be stored in a predetermined liner. In a further aspect of the invention, the container 10 may have two or more liners that function to subdivide the container into two or more separate portions. - may be provided, thereby allowing different Good quality This allows for separation within a single container 10.

[0098] Lina - A plurality of containers 10 containing liners may be stacked in a given stack 12, and a single stack 12 may contain liners. - It will be further understood that stacks 12 may include only one container 10 with a liner, multiple stacks 12 may include only one lined container, or some stacks 12 may not include any liner containers at all.

[0099] Furthermore, the above-mentioned liner The step is , and is removable from the container 10. However, the liner means may be fixedly attached to the interior surface of the container 10 or the liner means may be removable from the interior surface of the container 10. The step is It will be appreciated that the container 10 may include a coating on its interior surface.

[0100] As mentioned above, the liner - Container 10 containing inventory items considered to be a fire hazard M A problem with known systems that use liners in containers 10 is that they are only used to contain. - The container 10 is used to store inventory items. Mu self It will be appreciated that the storage system may be used to store bodies. Advantageously, liners may be used throughout the storage system. - The use of a container 10 containing the fire can prevent the spread of the fire or contain the fire to a section of the storage system that can be compartmentalized as described above for the fire to be extinguished.

[0101] Inventory items not considered to be a fire hazard Hmm, For example, in cases where food is stored in a lined container 10, if the liner is made of a material not considered food-safe, each liner - It is necessary to ensure that it can be processed and used with food.

[0102] Lina UhIt will be appreciated that the liner may further comprise any suitable material, such as a metal, a composite material, or any suitable fire-resistant yet food-safe material. In the case of a liner formed from steel, the steel liner Uh This allows the entire container 10 to be made from a fire-retardant material, which is considered food-safe.

[0103] Fire-retardant container 10 with steel liner and Any combination of flame-retardant liners coated with food-safe materials - Container 10 containing inventory items that are not considered to be a fire hazard. M A storage system may be envisioned that includes a fire-retardant container 10 and a liner. - It will be understood that it is not necessary to include only one combination.

[0104] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the storage system 10 includes a container 10 formed from a metal. The metal may include, for example, steel or any other metal suitable for being formed into a container 10 and capable of being stacked as needed in the storage system.

[0105] In a further aspect of the present invention, the container (10) may comprise food-safe, flame-retardant materials.

[0106] As shown in Figures 11a and 11b, in a further aspect of the present invention, a storage system may comprise at least one container 10 formed of an outer frame 110 and a storage portion 120. The outer frame 110 comprises support struts 130 linked by structural members 140 to form a box-like frame. The frame 110 serves to support the storage portion 120.

[0107] The outer frame can be made of any material suitable for supporting the storage section, including, but not limited to, fire-retardant plastic materials, metals, and metal composites. The function of the frame in this embodiment is to support the storage section 120 and prevent it from buckling.

[0108] The storage portion 120 may be formed from any suitable structural material, such as stamped metal, e.g., aluminum or steel. The storage portion 120 of the container may be formed from any suitable fire-retardant plastic material.

[0109] In a first embodiment of the composite container 10, the frame 110 is formed from a plastic material, and the storage section 120 is formed from thin sheet metal. In this embodiment, the storage section 120 can form a structural component of the container 10. During use, in the stack 12, in the event of a fire, the plastic material forming the frame section 110 may melt or deform, while the storage section 120 can maintain its structural integrity long enough to contain the flames. If the plastic frame completely melts, the stack of storage sections 120 self-seals, preventing the inventory contents therein from forming fuel for the fire. This reduces the spread of fire around the system. As shown in Figures 13a and 13b, the composite container may further include a lid 200.

[0110] In a second embodiment of the structural composite container 10, the frame of the container 10 comprises a plastic material and the walls of the container 10 comprise metal walls of thin sheet material 180, for example 0.3 mm steel, optionally reinforced with fibre to improve buckling resistance.

[0111] It will be appreciated that the fibers may include carbon fiber, fiberglass, Dyneema®, Scivelas®, or any fiber capable of providing the necessary structural properties to the container 10.

[0112] The base 180 of the container 10 also holds inventory items. Mu It may also include a sheet material 180 such as steel that is also reinforced to prevent deformation when filled.

[0113] In a third embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 12a and 12b, the frame portion 110 of the container comprises a plastic material and the walls comprise a mesh structure 190 that is clipped or mechanically secured to the frame 110. It will be appreciated that the mesh structure need not include all of the side area and that the portion adjacent to the base together with the base 180 may remain solid to retain any spillage.

[0114] In a fourth embodiment, the container 10 may comprise a folded sheet material 180, e.g., metal such as steel, with welded sides, optionally supported by composite tapes and structural webs or halos as described above. Alternatively, the container 10 may comprise sheet metal 180 pressed or formed using a suitable pressing technique, as shown in Figure 14.

[0115] In all of the above examples, the amount of plastic material forming the container 10 is significantly reduced while retaining the structural integrity of the container 10 and maintaining a reduced weight of the container 10 compared to conventional containers 10. The reduction in plastic material reduces the likelihood of a fire spreading through the storage system.

[0116] It will be appreciated that in any of the above embodiments, the portions of the container 10 required to interact with the load handling device, such as an upper frame cooperating with the gripper assembly of the load handling device 30, may be formed from a suitable plastic material (150 in Figures 11b, 12b and 13a). Said upper frame 150 also serves to form a surface of sufficient width to allow the containers 10 to be stacked.

[0117] In all of the above-described embodiments, it may be necessary to provide the container 10 with a circumferential halo (not shown in any of the embodiments) to provide the necessary structural features, for example to prevent buckling, to support the sides of the container 10. It will be appreciated that a bottom rim 160 may also be provided, also formed from a plastic material.

[0118] It will be appreciated that such a container 10 has improved fire resistance. Prior art containers formed from metal have had improved fire resistance in the past, but have been too heavy for this application. The use of structural composites utilizing sheet material and support tapes and ribs allows the container to be lighter while retaining structural integrity. In addition, such a composite container 10 may be less expensive due to the reduced amount of material required to form the container 10.

[0119] Additionally, the use of plastic material to form the framework and metal to form the storage portion ensures that plastic contaminants do not come into contact with any food products while reducing the likelihood of a fire spreading within the container 10.

[0120] Furthermore, in the event of a fire, even if the plastic framework eventually collapses, the metal boxes remain in their stacked configuration and, even in the event of buckling, the inventory items contained therein will remain intact. M is , it is much less likely to catch flame itself and thereby not act as fuel to the fire.

[0121] It will be appreciated that any plastic or composite material required may be a flame retardant formulation.

[0122] It will be appreciated that any sheet material used may have holes punched into the sheet material or may be left as a flat sheet where air flow is not required to further impede the spread of fire.

[0123] The means for attaching the plastic to the metal to form such a structurally composite container 10 may be via adhesive, although welding or mechanical fasteners may also be used. Additional attachment mechanisms that may be envisioned include a double rim method, where the top of an aluminum can is sealed, or any variation of that method.

[0124] It will be appreciated that the containers may be provided with cooperating interlocking means to allow the containers 10 to be stacked, however, it will be further appreciated that this is not necessary if the containers 10 are stacked in a restricted manner.

[0125] It will be appreciated that the use of the structural composite container 10 allows the container 10 to be flat packed, thus improving storage and shipping of the container 10 for on-site assembly.

[0126] Furthermore, the embodiments described above and detailed in the accompanying drawings assume that the storage system comprises containers 10 in stacks 12 arranged in a free manner within a framework 14. It will be understood that the system may be divided into smaller subsections by suitable division means, for example for safety reasons.

[0127] Fire suppression through container placement In a further aspect of the present invention, a storage system is provided that removes rows of stacks of containers 10 to provide a firebreak 170. This is particularly useful in very large systems containing hundreds of thousands of containers 10. It will be appreciated that using such a firebreak 170 arrangement of containers 10 reduces the density of the storage system by a small amount while preventing the spread of fire across any one container 10 or stack 12 of containers 10. Advantageously, the absence of a row of stacks 12 of containers 10 also provides access to a high-density storage system in the event of an accident. The firebreak essentially sections off the storage system by removing material from the system. While the firebreak may include a single aisle of stacks 12 of containers 10, it will be appreciated that any number of adjacent aisles may be formed within the storage system depending on the fire risk associated with the inventory items being stored.

[0128] In a further aspect of the present invention, a control system is provided that functions on the load handling device, the control system functioning to command the load handling device to remove the stack 12 of containers 10 in the event of an accident. In this manner, once a fire is detected, the load handling devices 30 function in concert to remove a section of storage adjacent to the accident to prevent the fire from spreading and allow access to the storage system. The control system may be provided with pre-canned scripts that are executed and communicated to the load handling device 30 in the event of an accident being detected.

[0129] In a further aspect of the present invention, the container 10 in the storage system may include a liner. - The storage system is arranged in rows or aisles of stacks 12 of containers 10 containing liner - The load handling device 30 is self-compartmentalized to create a section of the storage container 10 surrounded by the containers 10 containing the inventory items. MuIt will be appreciated that regardless, a certain linered container 10 may be programmed to ensure that it is always positioned in a certain location.

[0130] In a further aspect of the present invention, the container 10 is a storage container for inventory items that functions to block airflow throughout the storage system. M Again, such airflow blocking inventory items may be included. M The positioning and location of the containing containers 10 may be controlled by a control system, which ensures that such containers 10 are positioned to partition the storage system.

[0131] Compartmentalizing the storage system in this manner allows containers 10 containing flammable or ignitable items to be stored separately from containers 10 containing other items, products or goods.

[0132] physical fire suppression As shown in Figure 15, the system may further comprise a physical fire suppression means 210. Figure 15a shows a system adapted to deprive fires within a stack 12 of containers 10 of oxygen. The system includes a fire-resistant flexible material or blanket 210 deployable on top of the stack 12 of containers 10. The blanket 210 functions to contain a fire within the storage system and prevent heat from spreading to structural components of the building in which the system is located. The blanket 210 may be stored adjacent to the system and only deployed as needed. In one form, the blanket 210 may be mounted on rollers.

[0133] In use, the blanket 210 may be deployed in response to a signal from a control system. The blanket 210 may be pulled through a storage system, for example, by a system of pre-attached wires 220 actuated by a series of motors to pull the wires 220 through the system.

[0134] In this embodiment of the invention, the control system of the storage system must communicate commands to the load handling device 30 to be removed from the area above the system where the blanket was to be deployed.

[0135] In an alternative embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the blankets may be deployed using the load handling device 30, again requiring command by the control system.

[0136] It will be appreciated that movable portions of the blanket may be provided to allow for heat management underneath the blanket if required by the firefighter.

[0137] Fire Mitigation Actions In a final aspect of the present invention, a storage system is provided that functions to mitigate any losses itself. In known systems, in the event of a fire, a safety shutdown is activated, the robotic load handling and storage system is shut down, and the building is evacuated.

[0138] In many cases, such large systems are automated, and given that a detected fire may only be present in a small portion of the system, a series of scripts can be remotely activated to mitigate losses. In one embodiment of this aspect of the invention, this can be achieved by, for example, quickly moving away from the vicinity of the fire and then sending inventory items out of the system. M The container may include instructions to be transmitted to a load handling device to remove any containers containing the container.

[0139] In additional embodiments, the load handling device 30 may be instructed to remove containers 10 from the storage system and route them through the storage queue to allow access by qualified personnel as needed.

[0140] Inventory items Mu'sTo further mitigate losses, alternative load handling devices can be used. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, load handling device 30 includes a Z-direction hoist and device and sufficient racking to store a complete row of totes. This allows a trained technician to quickly inspect the entire stack.

[0141] In a further example of the use of the load handling device 30, the load handling device may be equipped with fire suppression capabilities so that small fires within a limited number of totes can be extinguished.

[0142] Advantageously, this does not require any powered infrastructure, whereas a similar strategy relying on using the system in automatic mode requires that the load handling device 30 be powered and that the storage system not be shut down.

[0143] A manual hoist can be provided to allow load handler movement in the X, Y and Z directions. When used in conjunction with the embodiment described above with reference to blanket deployment, storage is not required, but the secure container can be manually removed to the edge of the system or dropped into an empty location away from any fire.

[0144] This requires a three-step approach: First, using the load handling device 30 under the direction of the control system to isolate the fire to a limited number of containers radius around the incident; Second, using manually operated load handling devices to combat the fire and manually remove more containers; Third, once the fire is "under control," deploy multiple simple (and inexpensive) manual vessel hoists to clear as many vessels as possible as quickly as possible.

[0145] In a further embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the manually powered load handling device further comprises tooling such that sections of the grating and framework can be manually removed to provide further access to the storage system as required.

[0146] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many different systems and methods for fire detection, suppression, and extinguishing exist. Furthermore, it will be understood that any combination of the above-described fire protection, detection, suppression, and extinguishing systems, devices, or methods may be used, and that all, any, or any combination of the described devices, systems, and methods may be incorporated into the systems described herein.

[0147] Although the fire protection systems, apparatus and methods are described with reference to robotic picking and storage systems in online retail environments, it will be understood that such systems, apparatus and methods may be equally applied and incorporated into systems of the types described in any combination, apart from use in, for example, vertical farming, parking lots, parcel sorting, reconfigurable buildings, shipping and container ports, and many other uses may be envisioned.

[0148] Similarly, the systems, devices and methods as described above may be incorporated into any form of storage system, robotic or otherwise.

[0149] Many variations and modifications not expressly described above are possible without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims. The following is a summary of the claims as originally filed: [1] A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of vertical storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and guided vertically by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; the storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) in the vertical storage locations; The container (10) comprises a framework portion (110) and a storage portion (120), the framework portion (110) comprising means for positioning the storage portion (120) therein, the framework portion (110) and the storage portion (120) cooperating to form a structural composite container (10). [2] A structural composite container (10) for a grid-based storage system, the container (10) comprising a framework portion (110) and a load-bearing storage portion (120). [3] The container (10) according to [1] or [2], wherein the skeletal portion (110) comprises a plastic material. [4] The container (10) according to [1] or [2], wherein the skeletal portion (110) comprises a metal. [5] A container (10) according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the storage portion (120) comprises sheet metal. [6] A storage system according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the container (10) is arranged within the vertical storage location according to the structural configuration of the container. [7] The storage system of any one of [1] to [6], wherein the system further includes a container (10) containing a customer order in a customer shipping container, a container (10) containing inventory items (28), and an empty storage container (10). [8] A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of vertical storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and vertically guided by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; The storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) at vertical storage locations; The storage system, wherein the container (10) comprises pressed sheet metal. [9] A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and guided vertically by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; The storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) at vertical storage locations; A storage system, wherein the support members comprise expandable seals such that an increase in temperature within a container within the storage system causes the seal to expand and seal against the hot container (10).

[10] A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and guided vertically by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; The storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) at vertical storage locations; A storage system wherein some of the storage locations do not include containers 10, and the arrangement of some of the locations is arranged to form a break in the storage system.

[11] A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and guided vertically by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; The storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) at vertical storage locations; The storage system is further provided with a control system, the control system operable to arrange containers within the vertical storage locations such that the arrangement of the containers creates a compartmentalized storage system according to inventory items stored in the containers.

[12] A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and guided vertically by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; The storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) at vertical storage locations, the storage system further comprising deployable physical fire suppression means, the physical fire suppression means being deployed on a top surface of the storage system to thereby deprive any flames of oxygen.

[13] The storage system of

[12] , wherein the deployable fire suppression means includes a fire blanket.

Claims

1. A storage system comprising containers (10) stacked in stacks (12) within a framework comprising supports (16), said framework structure comprising: a plurality of support members arranged to form a plurality of vertical storage locations such that one or more containers are stacked between and guided vertically by said support members, said plurality of support members being interconnected at their upper ends by a first set of tracks extending in a first direction and a second set of tracks extending in a second direction, the second set of grid members being contiguous in a substantially horizontal plane with the first set of grid members to form a grid structure comprising a plurality of grid cells; the storage system comprises containers positioned in stacks (12) in the vertical storage locations; A storage system in which the stacked containers are arranged in rows, and gaps in the storage system are formed from gaps in the rows of stacked containers.

2. The storage system of claim 1 , wherein the break comprises one or more aisles of a stack of containers.

3. A storage system as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more of the containers (10) include a liner.

4. A storage system as described in claim 3, wherein the liner is formed from metal or flame-retardant plastic.

5. 3. The storage system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a container (10) for containing customer ordered items.

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