Shock-absorbing floor structure construction method and shock-absorbing floor structure

Abstract

To provide a construction method a shock absorbing floor structure having a joint portion in which the edges of floor sheet materials can be easily welded, and which has a good appearance and sufficient strength.SOLUTION: The construction method a shock absorbing floor structure includes a step of forming a base layer C by laying a plurality of shock absorbing materials 1 on a laying surface B; and a step of forming a surface layer D on the base layer C by laying a plurality of floor sheet materials 3 on the base layer C and joining adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3, 3. In the step of forming the base layer C, the plurality of shock absorbing materials 1 are laid on the laying surface B while interposing a spacer member 2 extending in the first direction between the shock absorbing materials 1. In the step of forming the surface layer D, with the edges 3a, 3a of the adjacent floor sheet materials 3, 3 placed on the spacer member 2, the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 are bonded by using a bonding agent.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 25

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction method for an impact-absorbing floor structure that can absorb impact. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART In recent years, floor structures capable of absorbing shock have been proposed in order to reduce the impact on people when they fall or when playing sports. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an elastic pad comprising an elastic hollow pillar having a wall, a first end, and a closed second end, the pillar wall having a more easily crushed area in an area adjacent to the first end compared to a less easily crushed area in an area adjacent to the second end. Such an elastic pad is formed from rubber having a Shore A durometer hardness of 40 to 70, and when subjected to an impact or load, the area adjacent to the first end collapses, thereby absorbing the impact. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2019-525783 Summary of the Invention

[0004] Incidentally, shock-absorbing materials such as the elastic pads described in Patent Document 1 are used by laying them on a surface. However, for purposes such as decoration or surface protection, it is conceivable to lay a floor sheet on top of the laid shock-absorbing material. In this case, when laying multiple floor sheet materials, it is common to perform a so-called seam treatment, in which the edges of adjacent floor sheet materials are butted together and joined. Examples of edge joining methods include a method of joining the edges by interposing a bonding agent such as a welding rod or seam liquid between the edges of the floor sheet materials; a method of butting the edges of adjacent floor sheet materials together and applying tape across the surfaces of the ends of the floor sheet materials, including the edges; and so on.

[0005] In the above-mentioned taping method, the tape is present on the surface of the floor sheet material, which not only makes the floor look unsightly, but also causes the end of the tape to curl up over time. For these reasons, it is preferable to bond the edges of the floor sheets using a bonding agent. For example, when using a bonding agent such as a welding rod, the welding rod is attached to the tip nozzle of a thermal welding machine, heated and softened, and the tip nozzle is pressed between the edges of the adjacent floor sheets to bond the resin constituting the welding rod between the edges, thereby bonding the edges of the adjacent floor sheets to form a joint. When using a bonding agent such as a seam liquid, the seam liquid is filled into a seam treatment nozzle member and injected through the nozzle member between the edges of the floor sheets to bond the edges of the adjacent floor sheets to form a joint.

[0006] However, because rubber shock absorbers deform when subjected to a load, the floor sheet material sinks when the tip nozzle of the thermal welding machine is pressed in, making welding with a welding rod difficult and possibly resulting in insufficient joining of the edges of adjacent floor sheet materials. This results in a poor appearance of the joint formed after joining and can lead to poor construction, such as the edges of the floor sheet material curling up over time. When injecting seam fluid, a pressing force may be applied to the floor sheet material, which may cause deformation of the impact absorbing material. This may result in areas where the seam fluid is interrupted or where there is insufficient seam fluid between the edges of the floor sheet material. This may result in insufficient joining of the edges of adjacent floor sheet materials. In particular, when using impact absorbing materials that are designed to deform significantly with a relatively small load in order to improve impact absorption, joining the floor sheet materials is more difficult.

[0007] Furthermore, when cutting the floor sheet material placed on the impact absorbing material with a cutting blade such as a cutter, the impact absorbing material may be deformed, making it impossible to cut it cleanly. [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a construction method and an impact-absorbing floor structure that allows the edges of floor sheet material to be easily joined, has a good appearance, and has joints that are joined with sufficient strength. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The construction method for an impact-absorbing floor structure of the present invention comprises the steps of laying a plurality of impact-absorbing materials on a laying surface to form a base layer, and laying a plurality of floor sheet materials on the base layer and joining adjacent edges of the floor sheet materials to form a covering layer on the base layer, wherein in the step of forming the base layer, the plurality of impact-absorbing materials are laid on the laying surface while interposing spacer members extending in a first direction between the impact-absorbing materials, and in the step of forming the covering layer, the edges of the adjacent floor sheet materials are placed on the spacer members and the edges of the floor sheet materials are joined using an adhesive.

[0010] In a preferred installation method of the present invention, the spacer member has an upper portion made of foamed resin with a flat surface. A preferred construction method of the present invention is such that the base layer has contact portions that contact the back surface of the floor sheet material when the floor sheet material is laid, and non-contact portions that do not contact the back surface of the floor sheet material, and the contact portions and non-contact portions alternate in the surface direction. In a preferred construction method of the present invention, in the step of forming the covering layer, the end of the first floor sheet material and the end of the second floor sheet material are overlapped on the spacer member, and at least one of the end of the first floor sheet material and the end of the second floor sheet material is cut on the spacer member to form an edge of the first floor sheet material and an edge of the second floor sheet material adjacent to that edge, and the adjacent edges are joined using the adhesive. In a preferred application method of the present invention, an adsorption auxiliary layer is provided on the surface of the spacer member.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an impact absorbing floor structure. The impact-absorbing floor structure of the present invention is an impact-absorbing floor structure having a base layer provided on a laying surface and a covering layer provided on the base layer, wherein the base layer has a plurality of impact-absorbing materials provided on the laying surface and that absorb impact, and the covering layer has a plurality of floor sheet materials provided on the base layer and a joint where adjacent edges of the floor sheet materials are joined, and spacer members are interposed between the impact-absorbing materials, and the joint is arranged on the spacer members. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the construction method of the present invention, the edges of floor sheets can be easily joined using a bonding agent. The impact-absorbing floor structure constructed by this method has a good appearance at the joints between the floor sheets, and is highly durable because the edges of adjacent floor sheets are joined with sufficient strength. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the shock-absorbing floor structure seen from the surface side. [Figure 2] Cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Figure 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part III in FIG. 2 . [Figure 4] 1 is a perspective view of an impact absorbing material according to a first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2A is a side view of the structure of the first embodiment, FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the structure, FIG. 2C is a plan view of the structure, and FIG. 2D is a bottom view of the structure. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an impact absorbing material according to a second embodiment. [Figure 9] 1A is a side view of a structure of a second embodiment, FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the structure, FIG. 1C is a plan view of the structure, and FIG. 1D is a bottom view of the structure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged side view of the structure of the second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 9(c) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the structure of the second embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a spacer member according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a front view of the spacer member. [Figure 14] (a) is a front view of a spacer member according to a second embodiment, (b) is a front view of a spacer member according to a third embodiment, (c) is a front view of a spacer member according to a fourth embodiment, and (d) is a front view of a spacer member according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 15] 1 is a plan view of a floor sheet material according to a first embodiment, viewed from the front surface side. [Figure 16] FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a floor sheet material according to a second embodiment, viewed from the front surface side. [Figure 18] 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 15. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another layer structure of the floor sheet material. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the state after a base layer has been formed on the installation surface, as seen from the surface side, in the construction method of the first embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a plan view of the surface side of the floor sheet material placed on the base layer. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XXII-XXII in FIG. 21. [Figure 23] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state when the ends of the first and second floor sheet materials are cut. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state when cutting the end of the floor sheet material. [Figure 25] 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the process of joining adjacent edges of floor sheet material with a welding rod. [Figure 26] 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a process of joining adjacent edges of floor sheet materials with a seam liquid in a construction method according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 27]FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which a floor sheet material is placed on a base layer including spacer members in another embodiment of the installation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, the "front surface" refers to the surface away from the installation surface when the shock absorbing material or floor sheet material is laid on the installation surface, and the "back surface" refers to the surface on the opposite side. A plan view refers to a view from a direction perpendicular to the installation surface. In this specification, the term "approximately" means within the range acceptable in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. In this specification, a numerical range expressed as "not less than a lower limit value and not more than an upper limit value" can be set to "not less than an arbitrary lower limit value and not more than an arbitrary upper limit value" by selecting an arbitrary lower limit value and an arbitrary upper limit value. It should also be noted that the dimensions, such as thickness and size, in each drawing may differ from the actual dimensions.

[0015] [Shock-absorbing floor structure] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the impact absorbing floor structure A, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the impact absorbing floor structure A cut in the thickness direction, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 2. 1 to 3, the shock-absorbing floor structure A has a laying surface B, a base layer C provided on the laying surface B, and a facing layer D provided on the base layer C. The base layer C has a plurality of shock-absorbing materials 1 provided on the laying surface B and for absorbing shock, and spacer members 2 interposed between the shock-absorbing materials 1. The facing layer D has a plurality of floor sheet materials 3 provided on the base layer C, and a joint 4 where adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined by an adhesive.

[0016] The laying surface B is the foundation of the construction site where the base layer C etc. is constructed. The laying surface B, which is the construction site, may be indoors of a building, or may be semi-outdoors or outdoors of a building. The shock-absorbing floor structure A of the present invention can mitigate the impact on users, and is therefore suitable for use in floor structures of various buildings where such an effect is particularly required, such as welfare facilities such as nursing homes, elderly care facilities, disability support facilities, and children's facilities; medical facilities such as hospitals and clinics; recreational facilities such as sports gyms and playgrounds; educational facilities such as school gymnasiums; and ordinary homes. Figure 1 shows an example of the application of the shock-absorbing floor structure A of the present invention to the floor of a room in a nursing home. In the figure, symbol B1 indicates the room wall corresponding to the outer edge of the construction site, symbol B2 indicates the entrance door, and symbol B3 indicates the slope of the entrance. Shock-absorbing material 1 or the like may or may not be laid on the slope. Any gaps (so-called joints) that occur between the room wall B1 and the edge 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are either concealed by a baseboard (not shown) or filled with a sealant or the like. Any gaps that occur between the sloped portion B3 and the edge 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are filled with a sealant or the like. The room may not have a sloped portion.

[0017] The shock absorbing material 1 has a structure 11, which will be described later, and a plurality of shock absorbing materials 1 are laid on a laying surface B. For example, the shock absorbing materials 1 are laid in an area defined by a room wall B1 and a spacer member 2, and an area defined by the room wall B1, the spacer member 2, and a slope portion. Adjacent shock absorbing materials 1 are laid with their edges adjacent to each other, with substantially no gaps between them. The spacer members 2 extend in a first direction of the installation surface B in a plan view. There are no particular limitations on the width w6 (length in the width direction) of the spacer members 2, but if it is too large, the area ratio of the impact absorbing materials 1 in the base layer C will be relatively reduced, and if it is too small, the significance of interposing the spacer members 2 between the impact absorbing materials 1 will be reduced. From this perspective, the width w6 of the spacer members 2 is preferably 10 mm or more and 60 mm or less, and more preferably 20 mm or more and 40 mm or less. In order to form a flat surface of the base layer C, the height of the spacer member 2 and the height of the impact absorbing material 1 are approximately the same.

[0018] The joints 4 extend in the first direction along the spacer members 2. FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an impact-absorbing floor structure A in which long, strip-shaped floor sheet materials 3 are laid. The longitudinal direction of the floor sheet materials 3 is approximately parallel to the first direction of the laying surface B, and multiple floor sheet materials 3 are laid side by side in the second direction. Here, in this specification, the first direction and the second direction refer to directions that are perpendicular to each other in a plan view. In this case, joints 4 extending in the first direction are formed. Note that the impact-absorbing floor structure A can also be constructed using sheet-like floor sheet materials 3 (not shown). In this case, adjacent edges are formed along both the first and second directions, resulting in spacer members 2 and joints 4 extending in both the first and second directions. The joint 4 may be located in the middle of the width of the spacer member 2, or may be located near the side edge of the spacer member 2. For ease of installation, the joint 4 is located in the middle of the width of the spacer member 2. In this specification, the middle does not mean half of the whole, but means between the ends. The width direction of the spacer member 2 corresponds to the second direction when laid on the laying surface B. The distance between two adjacent spacer members 2 sandwiching the impact absorbing material 1 is equal to or less than the width of the floor sheet material 3. The width of the floor sheet material 3 refers to the length in the second direction. Below, the shock absorbing material 1, the spacer member 2 and the floor sheet material 3 will be explained individually, and then the construction method of the shock absorbing floor structure A will be explained.

[0019] <Shock absorbing material> The shock absorbing material 1 forms the base layer C of the shock absorbing floor structure A. The shock absorbing material 1 is a member that does not deform even when subjected to normal loads such as when a person walks, but deforms when subjected to an impact exceeding a predetermined load and speed, thereby mitigating damage to the person. The shock absorbing material 1 has a structure with shock absorbing ability. The shock absorbing material 1 may be composed of a single structure, or may be composed of multiple structures connected in series. Since multiple structures can be installed simultaneously in a single installation operation, it is preferable that the shock absorbing material 1 be composed of multiple structures connected in series. The structure is, for example, based on a hollow truncated cone-shaped structure, and has a recess on a side that is not substantially horizontal to the installation surface B.

[0020] The structure is preferably formed from a material with resilience. A structure formed from a material with resilience can deform under load and then return to its original shape when the load is removed. Examples of such materials include elastic bodies such as rubber-containing elastomers and sponges. For example, the structure 11 is formed from rubber such as NR rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer. When the structure 11 is formed from NR rubber (natural rubber), its rubber hardness may be in the range of 10 to 100, and a range of 50 to 100 improves the balance between shock absorption capacity and walking stability. The rubber hardness of the structure 11 is a value measured using an Asker Rubber Hardness Tester C2. Specifically, at room temperature and normal pressure, the indenter of an Asker Rubber Hardness Tester C2 (manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) is placed on the measurement surface and pressure is applied while keeping it horizontal. The value is read when the value stabilizes in the horizontal state.

[0021] 4(a) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 of the first embodiment before being laid on the laying surface B, as seen from one side (the second surface portion 112 side), and FIG. 4(b) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 as seen from the opposite side (the first surface portion 111 side). FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a basic unit of the structure 11 constituting the impact absorbing material 1, where (a) is a front view of the structure 11 as seen from the front, (b) is a perspective view of the structure 11 as seen diagonally from above, (c) is a plan view of the structure 11 as seen from directly above, and (d) is a bottom view of the structure 11 as seen from directly below. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure 11 as seen from the front. In FIG. 6, lines that cannot be seen from the outside are shown with dashed lines.

[0022] 4 illustrates an impact absorbing material 1 in which a plurality of structures 11 are connected in series, forming a plate shape as a whole. This impact absorbing material 1 includes a plurality of structures 11 adjacent to each other. In the illustrated example, an impact absorbing material 1 in which 8 structures 11 (length x width) x 8 structures 11 are connected in series is illustrated, but the number of structures 11 is not limited to this. The structure 11 has a first surface 111 having an outer surface 111a substantially parallel to the installation surface B, a second surface 112 having an outer surface 112a substantially parallel to the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111, a wall surface 113 constituting the wall surface of the frustum, pillar portions 114 which are pillar portions connecting each corner of the first surface 111 to each corresponding corner of the second surface 112, and a recess 115 formed by being recessed in the pillar portion 114. The wall surface 113 may be omitted, provided that the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are connected by the pillar portions 114. Also, the first surface 111, the second surface 112, the wall surface 113, and the pillar portions 114 are described as if they are separate parts. This is because it is assumed that structure 11 will be manufactured as a single unit, and the contact points of first surface portion 111, second surface portion 112, wall surface portion 113, and pillar portion 114 are connected as a single unit. However, structure 11 may also be formed by manufacturing these as separate parts and connecting them with adhesive or components. The shock absorbing material 1 is configured from a plurality of structures 11 by connecting the edges of the first surface portions 111 of the structures 11 by integrally molding, bonding, or adjoining them. Figure 4 shows an example of a shock absorbing material 1 in which a plurality of structures 11 are integrally molded.

[0023] The first surface portion 111 has a frame shape with a substantially square shape in plan view, each side of which has an outer width w1. Because the first surface portion 111 has a frame shape in plan view, when the structure 11 is viewed from the first surface portion 111 side, the inner surface 112b of the second surface portion 112 is visible, as shown in FIG. The outer width w1 of the first surface portion 111 is, for example, 5 mm to 100 mm, and preferably 10 mm to 80 mm to keep manufacturing costs low, and more preferably 20 mm to 50 mm to allow the structure 11 to be placed at a height that is easy to install. The thickness t1 of the first surface portion 111 is, for example, 1 mm to 10 mm, and preferably 2 mm to 5 mm. The outer surface 112a of the second surface 112 is approximately parallel to the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. In the illustrated example, the second surface 112 is flat, but if it can be stably laid on the laying surface B or if the floor sheet material 3 can be laid on the second surface 112, the second surface 112 may be designed to have irregularities or holes formed in its surface so that the air inside can escape through the voids when the structure 11 is deformed.

[0024] The outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 is formed in a generally square shape in a plan view, with each side having a width w3. The width w3 of the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 is smaller than the outer width w1 of the first surface portion 111. The area of ​​the inner surface 112b of the second surface portion 112 is also smaller than the area of ​​the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112. The inner width w2 of the first surface portion 111 and the width w4 of the inner surface 112b of the second surface portion 112 satisfy the relationship of Formula 1: width w4<inner width w2. The thickness t2 of the second surface portion 112 is, for example, 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and preferably 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less. If the thickness t2 is too small, the strength decreases, and the foot may deform under a small load, causing problems when walking. On the other hand, if the thickness t2 is too large, the foot may not deform easily even when a large load is applied, and sufficient shock absorption may not be achieved, and material costs may also increase.

[0025] The wall surface portions 113 form a wall surface that is not horizontal with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112. When the first surface portion 111 and the second surface portion 112 are substantially square (or substantially rectangular) in plan view, there are four wall surface portions 113. Although the wall surface portions 113 are portions to which a load is applied, if corresponding corners of the first surface portion 111 and the second surface portion 112 are connected by pillar portions 114 and the pillar portions 114 are strong enough to withstand the load, the wall surface portions 113 may be omitted. The pillars 114 connect the corners of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. Furthermore, at the top of the sides of the pillars 114, recesses 115 exist in the form of a portion of the pillars 114 being missing. The recess 115 is present in the pillar portion 114 and is a portion that plays a central role in absorbing shock. As shown in FIG. 7, the presence of the recess 115 makes the thickness of the pillar portion 114 thinner around the recess 115, and therefore, when a certain load or the like is applied to the first surface portion 111 or the second surface portion 112, the pillar portion 114 bends toward the inside of the structure 11 at the recess 115 to absorb the shock. After absorbing the shock, as the load decreases, the structure 11 returns to its original shape due to the restoring properties of the structure 11, such as the pillar portion 114 and the first surface portion 111.

[0026] Here, the pillar portion 114 will be defined with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a perspective view conceptually illustrating one pillar portion 114 extracted from the structure 11. The width of the recess 115 is width L1. Furthermore, of the corner sides of the pillar portion 114 (sides extending from the corner of the second surface portion 112 toward the first surface portion 111), the side below the recess 115 is defined as side 114a, and the inner side is defined as side 114b. In this case, a line drawn from any point on side 114a equidistant from the outward-facing side surfaces 114c and 114d of the pillar portion 114 and perpendicular to side 114b corresponds to the thickness of the pillar portion 114, and this length is defined as thickness t4. Furthermore, the length of a line drawn perpendicular to side 114b from the deepest part of the recess 115 is defined as thickness t5. As shown in Fig. 7, the deepest part (deepest portion) of recess 115 is located near the center of recess 115. The two-dot dashed line in Fig. 7 indicates the portion where the plane passing through sides 114a and 114b contacts recess 115, and the deepest portion of recess 115 is located on this two-dot dashed line. Thickness t4 and thickness t5 satisfy the relationship of Formula 2: thickness t5<thickness t4.

[0027] 6, when the distance from the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111 to the deepest part of the recess 115 in this embodiment is defined as height h2, the relationship of Equation 3: height h2≦height h1 / 2 is satisfied. In other words, the deepest part of the recess 115 is located at a position halfway through the height h1 of the structure 11 and below halfway through the height h1 of the structure 11. This makes it easier for the column portions 114 to bend toward the inside of the structure 11 at the recess 115 when a certain load or the like is applied to the first surface 111 or the second surface 112.

[0028] The deepest part of the recess 115 may be located within a section that includes both ends of the second-lowest section when the height h1 is divided into four equal parts. In this case, a sufficient distance is provided from the deepest part of the recess 115 to the upper and lower ends of the pillar portion 114, allowing the structure 11 to sink sufficiently when bent and to easily absorb shock. Furthermore, the deepest part of the recess 115 may be located within a section that includes the upper end of the second-highest section when the height h1 is divided into four equal parts. In this case, a sufficient distance is provided from the deepest part of the recess 115 to the upper and lower ends of the pillar portion 114, allowing the structure 11 to sink sufficiently when bent and to easily absorb shock. By having the deepest part of the recess located within a section that includes both ends of the second-highest to fourth-highest sections when the height h1 of the structure is divided into four equal parts, the structure 11 can sink sufficiently when bent and to easily absorb shock.

[0029] 6, the angle θ1 formed between the first surface portion 111 and the pillar portion 114 may be within a range in which the formula 1 holds true. For example, if the angle θ1 is within a range of 80 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, the structure 11 will exhibit high shock absorption properties, and if the angle θ1 is within a range of 83 degrees to 87 degrees, the structural stability of the structure 11 against impact forces can be adequately ensured. Although the structure 11 is exemplified by a three-dimensional structure of a quadrangular pyramid in which the first surface portion 111 and the second surface portion 112 have an outer shape of a substantially square in a plan view, they may have a pyramidal structure of another polygonal shape. In particular, a substantially hexagonal pyramid is preferred, as it is known that the rigidity in all directions in the horizontal plane is constant.

[0030] When laying the impact absorbing material 1 of the first embodiment on the laying surface B, the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111 facing the laying surface B, or the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the laying surface B. Assuming that the bottom side of the paper in Figure 4 is the laying surface B, when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the first surface 111 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 4(a), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 112a of the second surface 112, and when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the second surface 112 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 4(b), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. In the former case, the outer surfaces 112a of the multiple second surface portions 112 that exist at predetermined intervals in the surface direction become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 112a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. In the latter case, the outer surfaces 111a of the first surface portions 111 that exist in a lattice pattern in a plan view become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 111a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. The contact portions and non-contact portions exist alternately in the surface direction (horizontal direction), and the imaginary surface including the multiple contact portions forms a single plane.

[0031] The impact absorbing material 1 is not limited to the structure of the first embodiment, but can be modified as appropriate as long as it has a structure that has the function of absorbing impact by deformation. Fig. 8(a) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment before being laid on the laying surface B, as seen from one side (the second surface portion 112 side), and Fig. 8(b) is a perspective view of the impact absorbing material 1 as seen from the opposite side (the first surface portion 111 side). Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a basic unit of a structure 11 constituting the impact absorbing material 1, with (a) being a front view of the structure 11 as seen from the front, (b) being a perspective view of the structure 11 as seen diagonally from above, (c) being a plan view of the structure 11 as seen from directly above, and (d) being a bottom view of the structure 11 as seen from directly below. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the structure 11 as seen from the front, and Fig. 11 being a cross-sectional view thereof.

[0032] The impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment may also be made up of one structure 11, but it is preferable that a plurality of structures 11 are connected together and have a plate shape as a whole. Like the structure 11 of the first embodiment, the structure 11 of the second embodiment has a first surface portion 111, a second surface portion 112, a pillar portion 114, and a recessed portion 115 formed by being recessed in the pillar portion 114, and further has a wall surface portion 113 as necessary. The first surface portion 111, the second surface portion 112, the wall surface portion 113, the pillar portion 114, and the recessed portion 115 of the structure 11 of the second embodiment, as well as their widths, are the same as those of the structure 11 of the first embodiment, and therefore the same reference numerals are used in Figures 8 to 12 and their description will be omitted.

[0033] The structure 11 of the second embodiment differs from the structure 11 of the first embodiment mainly in that a bottomed cylindrical protrusion 116 is formed that protrudes from within the plane of the second surface portion 112 toward the first surface portion 111. By forming the protrusion 116, shock can also be absorbed by deformation of the protrusion 116, improving shock absorption. Furthermore, the protrusion 116 increases the number of points that support the floor structure when walking, making it easier to adjust the balance between shock absorption capacity and stability when walking, ultimately improving the balance between the two. The protrusion 116 is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, with its center at the center of gravity of the second surface 112 in a plan view. Therefore, an opening defined by the inner periphery of the cylindrical protrusion 116 is formed in the surface of the second surface 112. The protrusion 116 protrudes so that its outer surface 116a is in the same plane as the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. Since the outer surface 116a of the protrusion 116 and the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111 are flush with each other, when the first surface 111 is laid on the laying surface B, the contact area with the laying surface B is increased, allowing the shock absorbing material 1 to be stably laid on the laying surface B. Alternatively, when a floor sheet material 3 is laid on the first surface 111, the contact area with the floor sheet material 3 is increased, making it possible to suppress reflections on the surface of the floor sheet material 3 due to non-contact portions. As shown in FIG. 12, the protruding portion 116 may be protruded so that the outer surface 116a of the protruding portion 116 is positioned more inward than the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111.

[0034] Furthermore, a plurality of recesses 117 are formed radially in the second surface portion 112 in a plan view. Each recess 117 extends from the inner periphery of the protrusion 116 to each wall surface portion 113. Each recess 117 is a slight depression and has a gently sloping arc-shaped surface. Furthermore, each wall surface portion 113 has a through hole 118 formed therein. The through hole 118 is located above the wall surface portion 113 and near the second surface portion 112. By forming the recesses 117 and through holes 118, the impact absorption capacity of the impact absorbing material 1 can be improved.

[0035] When laying the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment on the laying surface B, the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 111a of the first surface portion 111 facing the laying surface B, or the impact absorbing material 1 may be placed on the laying surface B with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the laying surface B. Assuming that the bottom side of the paper in Figure 8 is the laying surface B, when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the first surface 111 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 8(a), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 112a of the second surface 112, and when the impact absorbing material 1 is placed with the second surface 112 facing the laying surface B, as shown in Figure 8(b), the floor sheet material 3 is laid on the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111. In the former case, the outer surfaces 112a of the multiple second surface portions 112 that exist at predetermined intervals in the surface direction become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 112a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. In the latter case, the outer surfaces 111a of the first surface portions 111 and the outer surfaces 116a of the protrusions 116 that exist in a lattice pattern in a plan view become contact portions that come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, and the portions where the outer surfaces 111a, 116a do not exist become non-contact portions that do not come into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. The contact portions and non-contact portions exist alternately in the surface direction (horizontal direction), and the imaginary surface including the multiple contact portions forms a single plane.

[0036] <Spacer material> The spacer members 2 are placed between the edges of several impact absorbing materials 1. The spacer members 2 are members for preventing deformation of the floor sheet materials 3 when the adjacent edges 3a, 3a of two floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined with an adhesive. The spacer member 2 may be made of a hard material or a resilient material. Examples of hard materials include non-foamed synthetic resins, wood, metals, and ceramics. Hard materials can be considered materials that have virtually no shock absorption capacity. The base layer C is composed of a shock-absorbing material 1 and a spacer member 2. However, since the shock-absorbing material 1 occupies most of the surface area of ​​the base layer C, even if the spacer member 2 is made of a hard material, the base layer C can still absorb shock. However, since it is preferable that the area where the spacer member 2 is placed also has shock absorption capacity, it is preferable that the spacer member 2 has a portion made of a resilient material. For example, at least one portion selected from the upper portion, middle portion, and lower portion in the height direction of the spacer member 2 is made of a resilient material, and preferably at least the upper portion is made of a resilient material. Furthermore, when an impact is received, the deformation of the impact absorbing material 1 may cause the floor sheet materials 3, 3 to be pulled in the planar direction, which may apply a force that may break the joint 4, but because the spacer member 2 is made of a flexible and resilient material, the force applied to the joint 4 can be alleviated. The upper part of the spacer member 2 is the part that faces the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. As long as the upper part of the spacer member 2 is made of a resilient material, the lower part may be made of a hard material, or the entire member may be made of a resilient material. The spacer member 2, which is made of the above-mentioned material with resilience, deforms under load and returns to its original shape when the load is released, just like the shock absorbing material 1, but the spacer member 2 needs to be more resistant to deformation than the shock absorbing material 1. "Resistance to deformation" means that when the same load is applied from the surface side to the spacer member 2 and the shock absorbing material 1 while they are laid on the laying surface B, the spacer member 2 is more resistant to deformation.

[0037] Examples of resilient materials that can be used to form the spacer member 2 include foamed resin, soft resin, elastomers containing rubber, and composite materials of rubber and resin. In particular, it is preferable that the spacer member 2 has an upper portion made of foamed resin, as this has excellent flexibility and resilience. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the entire spacer member 2 is made of foamed resin, as this has high shock absorption properties and can significantly reduce the force applied to the joint 4. Furthermore, foamed resin has high thermal insulation properties and is less likely to be deformed by heat, making it particularly suitable for forming the joint 4 using a welding rod. By setting the resin material and / or the expansion ratio, it is possible to obtain a foamed resin having elasticity. The material of such a foamed resin having elasticity is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include urethane-based resins, styrene-based resins such as polystyrene, and polyolefin-based resins such as polyethylene. The expansion ratio of the foamed resin is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 1.5 times or more and 60 times or less.

[0038] When the upper part of the resilient spacer member 2 is expressed in terms of rubber hardness, the rubber hardness is, for example, 20 or more and 80 or less, and preferably 40 or more and 60 or less. By using a spacer member 2 having an upper part with such hardness, it is possible to form a base layer C that has shock absorption ability throughout, while facilitating the joining work of the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3. The rubber hardness of the spacer member 2 is a value measured using an Asker rubber hardness tester, model C2. Specifically, at room temperature and normal pressure, the indenter of an Asker rubber hardness tester, model C2 (manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) is placed on the measurement surface, pressure is applied while keeping it horizontal, and the value is read when it stabilizes in the horizontal state.

[0039] 13(a) is a perspective view of the spacer member 2 of the first embodiment, omitting the intermediate portion which has the same shape, and FIG. 13(b) is a front view of the spacer member 2 as seen along the longitudinal direction. 13, the spacer member 2 is an elongated solid rod-like body made entirely of a resilient material. The spacer member 2 has a generally rectangular shape, such as a rectangular or square shape, when viewed from the front. The surface of the upper portion of the spacer member 2 is flat.

[0040] The shape of the spacer member 2 is not limited to that shown in Fig. 13 and can be modified as appropriate. For example, as shown in Fig. 14(a), the spacer member 2 may be composed of an upper portion 21 made of a resilient material and a lower portion 22 made of a hard material. When the spacer member 2 has a hard lower portion 22, the height of the upper portion 21 is preferably equal to or greater than 0.7 and less than 1 times the overall height of the spacer member 2 in order to achieve sufficient shock absorption.

[0041] Although the spacer member 2 is solid in the above description, it may be hollow as shown in Figures 14(b) and 14(c). Although the spacer member 2 is generally rectangular in the front view in the above description, it may be in an inverted concave shape in the front view as shown in Figure 14(d).

[0042] <Floor sheet material> The floor sheet material 3 forms a surface layer D of the shock absorbing floor structure A. Figures 15 to 17 show the floor sheet material 3 before it is laid on the base layer C, where Figure 15 is a plan view of the floor sheet material 3 of the first embodiment seen from the front side, Figure 16 is a bottom view of the same floor sheet material 3 seen from the back side, and Figure 17 is a plan view of the floor sheet material 3 of the second embodiment seen from the front side. 15 and 16, the floor sheet material 3 is formed in a long strip shape in a plan view. The long strip shape refers to a generally rectangular shape in a plan view in which the length in the first direction is sufficiently longer than the length in the second direction, and for example, the length in the first direction is at least three times, preferably at least five times, the length in the second direction. Specific dimensions of the long strip shape include, for example, a length in the second direction (short side) of 500 mm to 3000 mm, and a length in the first direction (long side) of 2 m to 500 m. The floor sheet material 3 formed in a long strip shape is usually wound into a roll for storage and transportation, and is cut into a desired shape at the construction site for use.

[0043] Referring to Figure 17, the floor sheet material 3 is formed in the form of a sheet of paper that is approximately square in plan view. However, the sheet-shaped floor sheet material 3 may also be formed in a substantially rectangular or hexagonal shape in plan view (not shown). Specific dimensions of the floor sheet material 3 that is approximately square or rectangular in plan view include a first direction length of 500 mm or more and 1000 mm or less, and a second direction length of 500 mm or more and 1000 mm or less. The sheet-shaped floor sheet material 3 as shown in the figure is stored and transported in a state where multiple sheets are stacked together or individually rolled up into a roll. It is preferable to use a long strip-shaped floor sheet material 3 because the floor sheet material 3 can be laid over a relatively large area in one delivery.

[0044] Figures 18 and 19 are cross-sectional views showing some layer structures of the floor sheet material 3. Note that Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII (parallel to the second direction) in Figure 15, and Figures 18(a) and (b) are cross-sectional views of other layer structures taken at the same location. The layer structure of the floor sheet material 3 in Figure 17 is similar, so its illustration is omitted. 18 and 19, the floor sheet material 3 has at least a surface resin layer. That is, the floor sheet material 3 does not have pile yarn or cloth on its surface, and the surface of the floor sheet material 3 is composed of the surface resin layer. The floor sheet material 3 is flexible and preferably has cushioning properties. The flexibility is such that, for example, the floor sheet material 3 can be wound in a roll around a core with a diameter of 10 cm with the back side facing the core. The cushioning properties mean that the surface of the floor sheet material 3 bends to the extent that it dents when the back side is pressed with a finger. The total thickness of the floor sheet material 3 is not particularly limited and is, for example, 1.0 mm to 10 mm, preferably 1.2 mm to 8 mm, and more preferably 1.5 mm to 5 mm. If an adsorption portion is provided on the floor sheet material 3, the total thickness of the floor sheet material 3 does not include the thickness of the adsorption portion.

[0045] The layer structure of the floor sheet material 3 is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that it has at least the surface resin layer as described above. For example, the floor sheet material 3 has a sheet body 31 having a surface resin layer 311 that forms the surface of the floor sheet material 3 and a back layer 312 laminated on the back side thereof, and preferably has an adsorption portion 32 on the back side of the sheet body 31. Moreover, it is preferable that the sheet body 31 further includes an intermediate layer 313 that is disposed between the surface resin layer 311 and the back layer 312 and firmly bonds the surface resin layer 311 and the back layer 312 together. The surface resin layer 311 may be composed of one layer or two or more layers. The surface resin layer 311 may include a foamed layer, but in terms of increasing the durability of the floor sheet material 3, it is preferable that the surface resin layer 311 does not include a foamed layer. For example, the surface resin layer 311 has a surface layer 3111 made of a non-foaming resin and constituting the surface of the floor sheet material 3, and a design layer 3112 that presents a design, and may have a protective layer 3113 made of a non-foaming resin on the surface side of the surface layer 3111, as necessary. When the protective layer 3113 is present, the protective layer 3113 constitutes the surface of the floor sheet material 3. Fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the surface resin layer 311. Examples of such irregularities include irregularities that form a matte pattern (so-called matte embossing) and irregularities that form a wood grain pattern (so-called wood grain embossing). The depth of the irregularities (depth of recesses) is, for example, 20 μm or more and 120 μm or less, and preferably 30 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0046] The surface layer 3111 of the surface resin layer 311 contains a synthetic resin and is composed of one layer or two or more layers. Thermoplastic resins are generally used as the resin material for the surface layer 3111. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include vinyl chloride resins such as vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers; polyolefin resins; urethane resins; vinyl acetate resins such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers; acrylic resins such as ethylene-methacrylate resins; polyamide resins; and ester resins. These resins can be used alone or in combination. To ensure strong adhesion to the design layer 3112 and the like, the surface layer 3111 is preferably formed from a vinyl chloride composition primarily composed of vinyl chloride resin. In this specification, the main component resin refers to the component (by weight) that is the largest among the resin components (excluding additives) that make up that layer. The amount of the main component resin is more than 40% by weight, preferably 50% by weight or more, and more preferably 60% by weight or more, when the total resin components that make up that layer are taken as 100% by weight. The upper limit of the amount of the main component resin is 100% by weight. When the amount of the main component resin is less than 100% by weight, the resins other than the main component resin contained in that layer are not particularly limited, and known resin components can be used.

[0047] When the surface layer 3111 is formed from a vinyl chloride composition, the vinyl chloride resin may be either a paste vinyl chloride resin or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. Paste vinyl chloride resin is preferred because it can firmly adhere to the design layer 3112 and has excellent processability during manufacturing. The vinyl chloride composition forming the surface layer 3111 preferably contains 45% by weight to 80% by weight of vinyl chloride resin and 15% by weight to 50% by weight of a plasticizer such as DOP, based on a total weight of 100%. The vinyl chloride composition may contain additives as needed. Conventionally known additives can be used, such as flame retardants, stabilizers, moisture absorbents, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, and antifungal agents. The vinyl chloride composition may contain a filler such as calcium carbonate, but it is preferable that the vinyl chloride composition does not contain a filler such as calcium carbonate, as this allows the formation of a layer with excellent transparency. The thickness of the surface layer 3111 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.

[0048] The design layer 3112 is a layer that imparts a design to the floor sheet material 3 by revealing colors and patterns on the floor sheet material 3. The design layer 3112 is provided as needed. The design layer 3112 is a non-foamed layer. The design expressed on the design layer 3112 is not particularly limited, and examples include any pattern, a wood grain pattern, a wood grain pattern, a stone grain pattern, etc. Examples of the design layer 3112 include a design-printed film and a colored resin sheet. However, the design layer 3112 is not limited to these examples, and any other layer capable of expressing a design can be used. The design-printed film can be a resin film on which a printing ink, such as an ink containing a colorant and a binder resin such as vinyl chloride, is printed and solidified. The colored resin sheet can be a resin colored with a pigment or the like, such as a vinyl chloride resin whose main resin component is processed into a sheet. When the design layer 3112 is formed from a vinyl chloride composition, the vinyl chloride resin may be either a paste vinyl chloride resin or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. It is preferable to use a suspension vinyl chloride resin for the design layer 3112 because it is harder than a paste vinyl chloride resin. The thickness of the design layer 3112 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.002 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less, and preferably 0.005 mm or more and 0.2 mm or less.

[0049] The protective layer 3113 is provided as needed, and when the protective layer 3113 is not provided, the surface layer 3111 below it forms the surface of the floor sheet material 3. The protective layer 3113 is preferably a layer provided to impart abrasion resistance and scratch resistance to the surface of the floor sheet material 3. The protective layer 3113 may be transparent or opaque, but when the design layer 3112 is provided, the protective layer 3113 is preferably transparent so that the design display can be seen. The protective layer 3113 is a non-foamed layer.

[0050] The protective layer 3113 contains a synthetic resin. The resin material is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed from a relatively hard resin layer. As the resin material for the protective layer 3113, it is preferable to use a curable resin composition because of its good processability, and it is more preferable to use an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, and it is even more preferable to use an ultraviolet curable resin composition because of its versatility. Examples of the curable resin composition include ionizing radiation curable resins such as ultraviolet curable resins, as well as thermosetting resins and resin compositions that are cured by non-ionizing radiation. The ultraviolet-curable resin composition contains at least one of a curable monomer and an oligomer, and a photopolymerization initiator, and further contains at least one additive selected from a solvent, a leveling agent, fine particles, a filler, a dispersant, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a thixotropic agent, etc. As the curable resin composition such as the ultraviolet-curable resin composition, a commercially available product may be used. The thickness of protective layer 3113 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.001 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less, preferably 0.005 mm or more and 0.07 mm or less, and preferably 0.01 mm or more and 0.05 mm or less.

[0051] The intermediate layer 313 disposed between the surface resin layer 311 and the back layer 312 is a layer provided to firmly bond the surface resin layer 311 to the back layer 312. If the surface resin layer 311 can be directly and firmly bonded to the back layer 312, the intermediate layer 313 can be omitted. The intermediate layer 313 may be a foamed layer, but is preferably a non-foamed layer so that it functions as an adhesive layer. Intermediate layer 313 contains a synthetic resin. A thermoplastic resin is generally used as the resin material. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include those exemplified for surface layer 3111 described above. Intermediate layer 313 is also preferably formed from a vinyl chloride composition containing the above-mentioned vinyl chloride resin as a main component, since it is firmly bonded to design layer 3112 and the like. The thickness of the intermediate layer 313 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less, and preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.7 mm or less.

[0052] The backing layer 312 may be made up of one layer or two or more layers. The backing layer 312 preferably includes a foamed layer, since it can cooperate with the shock absorbing material 1 to reduce the impact on a person, and is preferably fiber reinforced from the viewpoint of dimensional stability of the floor sheet material 3. For example, the back layer 312 has a fiber reinforcement layer 3121 and a back-side resin layer 3122. The fiber reinforcement layer 3121 may be disposed between the front surface resin layer 311 and the back-side resin layer 3122 (between the intermediate layer 313 and the back-side resin layer 3122 if an intermediate layer 313 is included), as shown in FIG. 18 , or may be embedded in the middle of the back-side resin layer 3122 in the thickness direction, as shown in FIG. 19( a), or may be disposed on the back surface of the back-side resin layer 3122, as shown in FIG. 19( b). The fiber reinforcement layer 3121 is not limited to one layer, but may be two or more layers. When two or more fiber reinforcement layers 3121 are used, for example, one fiber reinforcement layer 3121 may be disposed between the front surface resin layer 311 and the back-side resin layer 3122, and another fiber reinforcement layer 3121 may be disposed on the back surface of the back-side resin layer 3122.

[0053] The fiber reinforcement layer 3121 is formed by forming fibers such as glass fibers into a sheet. Examples of the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 include nonwoven fabric and woven fabric. The material of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric or woven fabric is not particularly limited, and examples include synthetic resin fibers such as polyester and polyolefin; inorganic fibers such as glass and carbon; and natural fibers. In particular, it is preferable to use a glass sheet containing glass fibers as the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 because dimensional change due to temperature is small.

[0054] The backside resin layer 3122 may be a non-foamed layer, but is preferably a foamed resin layer for the reasons described above. The backside resin layer 3122 is firmly bonded to the fiber reinforcement layer 3121 so that it cannot be peeled off. The foamed resin constituting the backside resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, but examples include thermoplastic resins such as vinyl chloride resins (e.g., vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers); urethane resins (e.g., polyurethane); polyolefin resins (e.g., polypropylene); vinyl acetate resins (e.g., ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers); styrene resins (e.g., polystyrene); acrylic resins (e.g., ethylene-methacrylate resins); polyamide resins; and ester resins (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate); and reactive resins such as epoxy resins. These resins can be used alone or in combination. Preferably, the backside resin layer 3122 contains a vinyl chloride resin, a urethane resin, or a polyolefin resin. A foamed backside resin layer 3122 primarily composed of a vinyl chloride resin is easy to process and relatively inexpensive. A foamed backside resin layer 3122 primarily composed of a urethane resin or a polyolefin resin has the advantage of being highly flexible and easily adaptable to the base layer C.

[0055] When the backside resin layer 3122 is primarily made of vinyl chloride resin, the backside resin layer 3122 is formed by foaming a vinyl chloride composition. The vinyl chloride resin for the backside resin layer 3122 may be either a paste vinyl chloride resin or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. It is preferable to use a paste vinyl chloride resin for the backside resin layer 3122 because it can firmly bond to the fiber reinforcement layer 3121. The vinyl chloride composition forming the backside resin layer 3122 preferably contains, based on a total weight percentage of 100%, 15 to 80% by weight of vinyl chloride resin, 0 to 70% by weight of a filler such as calcium carbonate, and 10 to 50% by weight of a plasticizer such as DOP. Note that 0% by weight of filler means that no filler is contained. The vinyl chloride composition may contain additives as needed. Conventional additives may be used, such as flame retardants, stabilizers, moisture absorbents, antioxidants, lubricants, colorants, and antifungal agents.

[0056] The method of foaming the resin composition to form the foamed backside resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, and may be any of chemical foaming, mechanical foaming, or physical foaming, or may be foaming using a pre-formed foaming agent such as hollow beads, or foaming using thermally expandable microcapsules. The expansion ratio of the backside resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, but if it is too small, the shock absorption ability decreases, and if it is too large, the recovery ability after receiving a load decreases. From this viewpoint, the expansion ratio of the backside resin layer 3122 is preferably 1.2 times or more and 3.5 times or less, and more preferably 1.5 times or more and 3.0 times or less. The thickness of the rear resin layer 3122 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and preferably 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less.

[0057] 16, 18 and 19, an adhesive portion 32 is provided on the back surface of the sheet body 31 as needed. The adhesive portion 32 is a portion provided on the sheet body 31 to prevent the floor sheet material 3 from shifting or slipping in the surface direction while allowing the floor sheet material 3 to be peeled off from the base layer C. The material for the suction portion 32 is not particularly limited as long as it can adhere to the base layer C with sufficient adhesion to prevent the floor sheet material 3 from slipping. Examples of materials for the suction portion 32 include materials that adhere or stick to the base layer C. The suction portion 32 adheres strongly to the base layer C when a load is applied to the laid floor sheet material 3, preventing the floor sheet material 3 from slipping. On the other hand, when no load is applied, it adheres weakly to the base layer C, allowing the floor sheet material 3 to be removed relatively easily. For example, the material for forming the suction-applied suction portion 32 may be a flexible foamed resin or soft rubber. The material for forming the suction-applied suction portion 32 may be a peel-up adhesive. In particular, the material for forming the suction portion 32 is preferably a flexible foamed resin, since the material for forming the suction portion 32 is unlikely to remain on the base layer C after peeling. The floor sheet material 3 provided with the suction portion 32 is usually stored and transported in a state where it is attached to a release sheet, and the release sheet is peeled off when the floor sheet material is laid down.

[0058] The flexible foamed resin has a porous structure with multiple micropores. The foamed resin may have either an open-cell structure or a closed-cell structure, but an open-cell structure is preferred because it provides sufficient suction cup function and high suction power. The material of the foamed resin is not particularly limited, and examples include thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin, urethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, epoxy resin, acrylic ester, and polyester. Because of its excellent adhesion, foamed acrylic resin is preferably used as the material for forming the suction portion 32. The expansion ratio of the foamed resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably more than 1.1 times and less than 6 times, more preferably 1.6 times to 5 times, and even more preferably 1.6 times to less than 3 times, from the viewpoint of sufficient adhesion to the base layer C and reducing the risk of material damage.

[0059] The suction portions 32 may be provided in a solid manner over the entire back surface of the sheet body 31 (not shown). In the illustrated example, the suction portions 32 are not provided over the entire sheet body 31, but are provided partially on the back surface of the sheet body 31. In other words, the back surface of the sheet body 31 is partially exposed on the back surface of the floor sheet material 3. In order to clearly show the range in which the suction portions 32 are formed, the suction portions 32 are shaded in Fig. 16 for the sake of convenience. It is preferable that similar suction portions 32 are also provided on the floor sheet material 3 in Fig. 17.

[0060] In the illustrated example, the suction portions 32 are made up of a plurality of protrusions protruding from the back surface of the sheet body 31, for example, a plurality of protrusions having a strip shape in a plan view, protruding vertically from the back surface of the sheet body 31. Each strip-shaped suction portion 32 extends in a first direction of the floor sheet material 3, and the plurality of suction portions 32 are arranged side by side substantially parallel to the second direction of the floor sheet material 3. Although not specifically shown, the band-shaped suction portions 32 may be formed in a wavy or serpentine shape in a plan view. By forming them in such a wavy or serpentine shape, the suction portions 32 are present in places on both side edges in the second direction of the floor sheet material 3, preventing the edges from lifting. The suction portions 32 may also be formed in a dotted shape, such as a substantially circular, elliptical, triangular, or rectangular shape in a plan view. The cross-sectional shape of the suction portion 32 consisting of the convex portion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a substantially semi-elliptical shape as shown in Figures 18 and 19, as well as a substantially semi-circular arc shape, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially triangular shape, etc. The cross-sectional shape of the convex portion is preferably a substantially semi-elliptical shape or a substantially semi-circular arc shape, because when the floor sheet material 3 is laid, it deforms evenly and adheres well to the base layer C. The cross-sectional shapes of the multiple convex portions may all be the same shape, or some of the convex portions may have different cross-sectional shapes.

[0061] The height t7 of the protrusion (adsorption portion 32) is not particularly limited, but if it is too small, it may not be effective in preventing slippage of the floor sheet material 3, so it is, for example, 0.05 mm or more and 1 mm or less, and preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. The height t7 of the protrusion (adsorption portion 32) is the vertical length from the base of the protrusion to the apex of the protrusion, as shown in Fig. 18. The width w7 of the convex portion (adhesive portion 32) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of effectively preventing the floor sheet material 3 from shifting or slipping and facilitating the removal of the laid floor sheet material 3 from the base layer C, the width w7 of the convex portion is preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less, and more preferably 1.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less. Note that if the shape of the convex portion in plan view is band-shaped and the width is not uniform, the width w7 of the convex portion corresponds to the width at the widest point. Similarly, if the shape of the convex portion in plan view is dot-like or another shape, the width w7 is the width at the widest point. The spacing w8 between adjacent protrusions (adhesive portions 32) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of effectively preventing the floor sheet material 3 from shifting or slipping and making it easy to remove the laid floor sheet material 3 from the base layer C, the spacing w8 between adjacent protrusions is preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and more preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. The spacing between each protrusion may be different or the same. To ensure uniform adhesion to the base layer C, it is preferable that the spacing between each protrusion is the same. Furthermore, the width w7 of the protrusions (adsorption portions 32) and the spacing w8 between the protrusions (adsorption portions 32) may be the same, or one of them may be larger. In the illustrated example, the width w7 of the protrusions is larger than the spacing w8 between the protrusions.

[0062] [First embodiment of the construction method for the impact absorbing floor structure] The construction method of the impact-absorbing floor structure A of the present invention is characterized by forming a base layer C while interposing spacer members 2 between several impact-absorbing materials 1, and joining adjacent edges 3a, 3a of floor sheet materials 3, 3 on top of the spacer members 2. This construction method includes a step of forming a base layer C and a step of forming a facing layer D by laying a floor sheet material 3.

[0063] <Underlayer formation process> The shock absorbing material 1 and the spacer member 2 are laid on a laying surface B, which is the construction site. Since the impact absorbing material 1 allows a large number of structures to be laid simultaneously in one laying operation, it is preferable to use a plate-like material in which a plurality of structures 11 are arranged in series as described above. The impact absorbing material 1 and the spacer member 2 may be adhesively fixed to the laying surface B via an adhesive, or may simply be placed on the laying surface B. Since the area ratio of the contact portion that comes into contact with the back surface of the floor sheet material 3 becomes larger, it is preferable to lay the impact absorbing material 1 with the outer surface 112a of the second surface portion 112 facing the laying surface B, and it is preferable to lay the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment described above, as this has excellent impact absorption properties and can suppress reflection of the floor sheet material 3.

[0064] Fig. 20 is a plan view seen from the front side of the state in which the impact absorbing material 1 and the spacer member 2 are laid on the laying surface B. Note that in Fig. 20, the structure on the right and bottom sides of the page is omitted. For example, as shown in Figure 20, the edge of the impact absorbing material 1 of the second embodiment is abutted against the room wall B1 side, and the impact absorbing materials 1 are lined up in order without any gaps. After several impact absorbing materials 1 are lined up in the first direction and the second direction, spacer members 2 are placed along the edges of the impact absorbing materials 1. While aligning with the edges of the impact absorbing materials 1 lined up in the first direction, a spacer member 2 is placed so that the longitudinal direction of the spacer member 2 is the first direction, and the impact absorbing materials 1 are lined up in order in the first direction and the second direction along the edge on the opposite side of the spacer member 2. In this way, as shown in Figure 20, a base layer C is formed which has a plurality of shock absorbing materials 1 and a plurality of spacer members 2 interposed between some of the shock absorbing materials 1 and extending in a first direction, and arranged at intervals in the second direction. The distance w9 between adjacent spacer members 2 in the second direction is set to be less than the second-direction length of the floor sheet material 3, and from the standpoint of reducing waste floor sheet material 3, it is preferably set to be between 0.7 and 1 times the second-direction length of the floor sheet material 3. Similarly, the distance w10 between the outer edge of the construction site (room wall B1) and the spacer members 2 is set to be less than the second-direction length of the floor sheet material 3, and preferably between 0.8 and 1 times the second-direction length of the floor sheet material 3. Note that the distances w9 and w10 are based on the widthwise center point of the spacer member 2 as shown in the figure.

[0065] <Surface layer formation process> <<Laying floor sheet materials>> Next, a floor sheet material 3 is laid on the base layer C. The floor sheet material 3 can be any of the above-mentioned materials, but it is preferable to use a floor sheet material 3 having an adsorption part 32 made of foamed resin, as this is easy to peel off and leaves little material remaining after peeling. Fig. 21 is a plan view seen from the surface side of the floor sheet material 3 laid on the base layer C, with the outline of the impact absorbing material 1 indicated by a small dashed line and the spacer member 2 indicated by a normal dashed line. Fig. 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the second direction around the spacer member 2. Note that Fig. 3 and Figs. 22 to 26 do not show the layer structure of the sheet body 31 of the floor sheet material 3.

[0066] While either a long strip of floor sheet material 3 or a single piece of floor sheet material 3 may be used, it is preferable to use a long strip of floor sheet material 3 because the floor sheet material 3 can be laid over substantially the entire first direction in a single operation. Furthermore, the floor sheet material 3 provided as a product is a standardized product, and its length in the second direction is a standardized length. If the length in the second direction of this standardized floor sheet material 3 is the same as the spacing w9 between adjacent spacer members 2 and the spacing w10 between the outer edge of the installation site (room wall B1) and the spacer members 2, the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are abutted against each other on the surface of the spacer members 2 by arranging the standardized floor sheet material 3 in the second direction without cutting it. However, in an actual installation site, it is often not possible to lay the impact absorbing material 1 and the spacer members 2 while setting the spacing between adjacent spacer members 2, etc., to the same length in the second direction as the standardized floor sheet material 3 in the base layer formation process. For this reason, the floor sheet material 3 provided as a product is usually cut to form an appropriate length of floor sheet material 3. This cutting work can be performed outside the construction site, but it is preferable to perform it on the base layer C so that the edges 3a of adjacent floor sheet materials 3 are butted together neatly and in a substantially straight line in plan view.

[0067] The impact absorbing material 1 is uneven overall on both the first surface 111 side and the second surface 112 side, with continuous unevenness in the surface direction, making it difficult to cut the floor sheet material 3 on the impact absorbing material 1. For example, when the outer surface 112a of the second surface 112 is laid facing the laying surface B, a base layer C is formed that has contact portions that contact the back surface of the floor sheet material 3 and non-contact portions that do not contact the back surface of the floor sheet material 3, with the contact portions and non-contact portions existing alternately in the surface direction. In this case, the contact portions are the outer surface 111a of the first surface 111 of the impact absorbing material 1, the outer surface 116a of the protrusion 116, and the surface of the spacer member 2. In the present invention, since the spacer members 2 having flat surfaces are interposed between the impact absorbing materials 1, the floor sheet material 3 can be cut neatly and easily on the spacer members 2.

[0068] Specifically, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, the end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 on one side in the second direction and the end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 on the opposite side in the second direction are placed on the spacer member 2 and overlapped. Hereinafter, the end 3b on one side in the second direction may be referred to as "one end 3b," and the end 3c on the opposite side in the second direction may be referred to as "the other end 3c." For example, the edge on the opposite side in the second direction of the first floor sheet material 3-1 is abutted against the room wall B1, the one end 3b is overlapped on the spacer member 2, and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 is overlapped so as to overlap the one end 3b. In the illustrated example, the edge 3a of the one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the edge 3a of the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are located on the spacer member 2, but at least one of the edges 3a may be located on the impact absorbing material 1, and the one end 3b and the other end 3c may be overlapped.

[0069] Furthermore, when using a spacer member 2 having an upper portion made of foamed resin, it is preferable to provide an adsorption auxiliary layer 5 on the surface of the spacer member 2 before laying the floor sheet material 3 on the base layer C, as shown in Figures 21 and 22. The adsorption auxiliary layer 5 is provided to ensure sufficient adhesion of the adsorption portion 32 of the floor sheet material 3. The surface of the upper portion made of foamed resin usually has exposed fine bubbles, which can make it difficult for the adsorption portion 32 of the floor sheet material 3 to adhere sufficiently to the surface of the spacer member 2. In this regard, providing the adsorption auxiliary layer 5 ensures that the edge of the floor sheet material 3 adheres to the spacer member 2 with sufficient adsorption force. Note that, in this specification, "adhesion" refers to a state in which the material is attached in a manner that allows it to be peeled off manually, and "bonding" and "joining" refer to a state in which the material is attached so firmly that it is difficult to separate manually or that peeling it off would cause material destruction.

[0070] The adsorption auxiliary layer 5 may be provided on the spacer member 2 before the base layer C is formed, or may be provided on the spacer member 2 during the process of forming the base layer C, or may be provided on the spacer member 2 after the base layer C is formed and before the floor sheet material 3 is laid. In one embodiment, a double-sided adhesive tape can be used as the adsorption auxiliary layer 5. The double-sided adhesive tape is a strip-shaped tape having an adhesive main layer 51 made of a substrate or adhesive layer having adhesive provided on both sides thereof, and release sheets 52 attached to both sides of the adhesive main layer 51, with the two release sheets 52 releasably attached to the adhesive main layer 51. Examples of the release sheet 52 include a synthetic resin film, synthetic paper, and paper having a smooth surface. One release sheet (not shown) is peeled off to expose the adhesive on one side, and the double-sided adhesive tape is attached to the spacer member 2 with the other release sheet 52 still attached. Because the release sheet 52 is still attached, one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2, which are superimposed on the spacer member 2, can be easily peeled off from the spacer member 2. Hereinafter, the release sheet 52 that remains attached to the adhesive main body layer 51 will be referred to as the "temporarily attached release sheet 52." In the illustrated example, the width of the double-sided adhesive tape (adsorption auxiliary layer 5) is the same as the width w6 of the spacer member 2, but it may be slightly larger or smaller than the width w6.

[0071] At least one of one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2, which are placed on top of the spacer member 2, is cut on the spacer member 2 to form an edge 3a of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and an edge 3a of the second floor sheet material 3-2 adjacent to that edge 3a. The cutting method on the spacer member 2 can be roughly classified into the following two methods. (1) As shown in Figure 23(a), the widthwise middle portion of one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 overlapped on the spacer member 2, i.e., the widthwise middle portion of the double end portions overlapped on the spacer member 2, is cut approximately parallel to the first direction on the spacer member 2 using a cutting blade 6 such as a cutter. This method makes it possible to form a neat joint where the edges 3a, 3a butt against each other. The cutting creates a new edge 3a on one side of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and a new edge 3a on the opposite side of the second floor sheet material 3-2, and a joint is formed where the edges 3a, 3a of adjacent floor sheet materials 3, 3 are butted together. (2) As shown in FIG. 23(b), one end 3b and the other end 3c are overlapped on the spacer member 2, and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 is cut on the spacer member 2 using a cutting blade 6 along the edge 3a of the one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1, approximately parallel to the first direction. As shown by the two-dot chain line in the same figure, the one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 may be cut on the spacer member 2 along the edge 3a of the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2. This method allows the edge 3a of the floor sheet material 3 to be used as a batten. Alternatively, a method may be used in which a fixing member is hung on the end 3c and a cutting jig is used to cut the one end 3b using that as a reference. The cutting creates a new edge 3a on the opposite side of the second floor sheet material 3-2 or a new edge 3a on one side of the first floor sheet material 3-1, and a joint is formed where the edges 3a, 3a of adjacent floor sheet materials 3, 3 are butted together.

[0072] Because the surface of the temporary release sheet 52 is smooth, the suction portion 32 of the floor sheet material 3 adheres sufficiently to the surface of the temporary release sheet 52. Therefore, when force is applied during the cutting, the ends 3b, 3c of the floor sheet material 3 are less likely to shift in the planar direction, allowing for easy and clean cutting.

[0073] After cutting, as shown in Figure 24(a), the scrap material 39 is removed, and one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are peeled off from the temporary release sheet 52 (spacer member 2), and then the temporary release sheet 52 is peeled off to expose the adhesive surface of the adhesive main body layer 51. Since the cutting is performed while the temporary release sheet 52 is still attached to the adhesive main body layer 51, the ends 3b and 3c can be easily peeled off after cutting. In particular, the foamed resin suction part 32 can be easily peeled off from the temporary release sheet 52 and the shock absorbing material 1. After peeling off the temporary release sheet 52, as shown in FIG. 1(b), one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are placed on the spacer member 2, thereby forming a joint again where the edges 3a, 3a of the adjacent floor sheet materials 3, 3 are butted together. The one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 that have been placed back on the spacer member 2 are adhered to the exposed adhesive main body layer 51. If an attempt is made to peel these ends 3b, 3c from the adhesive main body layer 51, the ends 3b, 3c are so adhered to the adhesive main body layer 51 that material failure occurs in the suction portion 32.

[0074] <<Joining the edges of floor sheet materials>> Next, the edges 3a, 3a of the butted floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined together using an adhesive. The bonding agent may be a welding rod made of a thermoplastic resin, a seam liquid, etc. Here, bonding using a welding rod will be specifically described. A welding rod is adhered to the edges 3a, 3a of the butted floor sheet materials 3, 3 to join the seams. It is preferable to form a groove at the joint before joining, which functions as a guide groove when adhering the welding rod. For example, an upper corner on one side of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and an upper corner on the opposite side of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are cut using a cutting tool such as a U-shaped cutter. In this way, grooves 7 are formed at the top of adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3, as shown in Figure 25(a). In the illustrated example, the grooves 7 are arc-shaped, but they may also be substantially V-shaped, trapezoidal, or other rectangular shapes.

[0075] As shown in Fig. 1(b), adjacent edges 3a, 3a are joined using a welding rod made of heated and softened resin. As described above, the adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the two floor sheet materials 3, 3 are placed on the spacer member 2, so the joining using the welding rod 41 is carried out on the spacer member 2. Welding rod 41 is a flexible rod-shaped body made of thermoplastic resin, such as a long, thin rod-shaped body made of polyvinyl chloride resin or polyethylene resin such as EVA. Such welding rod 41 softens when heated to a high temperature of, for example, 180°C to 200°C, and hardens again when cooled. The welding rod 41 is used by being attached to, for example, a thermal welding machine 81. During use, the tip of the welding rod 41 is pulled out from a tip nozzle 82 of the thermal welding machine 81, and the tip nozzle 82 is moved in a first direction while being pressed between the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3, thereby joining the adjacent edges 3a, 3a via the resin of the welding rod 41. When the groove 7 is formed as described above, the tip nozzle 82 can be moved along the groove 7 to reliably join the adjacent edges 3a, 3a via the resin of the welding rod 41. Thereafter, the resin of the welding rod 41 is solidified by natural cooling or forced cooling by air blowing, etc., and the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3, 3 are joined via the resin of the welding rod 41, as shown in FIG. 1C. Thereafter, in the same manner, the edges 3a, 3a of all the floor sheet materials 3 are joined together with the welding rods 41.

[0076] When joining using the welding rod 41, the heat may cause the ends 3b, 3c, including the edge 3a, of the floor sheet material 3 to warp up. In this regard, because one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are adhered to the adhesive main body layer 51, it is possible to reliably prevent these ends 3b, 3c from warping up during joining, and the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3 can be neatly joined by the resin of the welding rod 41.

[0077] After joining, to remove excess resin, it is preferable to scrape off the resin that has risen from the surface of the floor sheet material 3 by placing a cutting tool such as a peeling cutter or a spatula knife against the surface of the floor sheet material 3 and rubbing it over the surface of the floor sheet material 3. By removing the raised resin, it is possible to form a joint 4 having a flat surface that is approximately flush with the surface of the floor sheet material 3, as shown in Figure 3. If necessary, after the removal, the flat surface of the joint 4 may be subjected to a heat treatment such as hot air blowing. This heat treatment allows the surface of the joint 4 to be made glossy, smooth, and flat.

[0078] In this way, as shown in Figure 3, a covering layer D can be formed, which has a plurality of floor sheet materials 3 provided on a base layer C and joints 4 where adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined via resin resulting from a welding rod 41. The covering layer D, which is flat from the surface of the floor sheet materials 3 to the surface of the joints 4, has a good appearance and also prevents dust and other particles from accumulating at the joints 4. 3 and 22 to 25, the adhesive main body layer 51 is depicted in an exaggerated schematic manner, so that it appears as if a step has occurred in the floor sheet material 3 near the boundary between the spacer member 2 and the shock absorbing material 1. However, please note that in reality, the double-sided adhesive tape (adsorption auxiliary layer 5) has a thickness of several μm to about 200 μm, so that no step as shown in the figure occurs, and such a step cannot be visually confirmed.

[0079] According to the construction method of this embodiment, adjacent edges 3a, 3a of floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined on spacer member 2, so even if tip nozzle 82 with welding rod 41 is pushed in, edges 3a, 3a of floor sheet material 3 do not sink, and joining is easy. In particular, because the surface of spacer member 2 is flat, it is easier to move welding rod 41 parallel to the surface direction compared to joining on impact absorbing material 1 which has contact and non-contact portions. Because joining is so easy, it is possible to form a joint 4 which has a good appearance and is joined with sufficient strength.

[0080] [Second embodiment of construction method] In the second embodiment, a case where a seam liquid is used as a bonding agent will be described. The steps from the formation of the base layer to the laying of the floor sheet material are the same as the <Base layer forming step> and <<Laying of floor sheet material>> of the first embodiment, and therefore these steps are used here. After the edges 3a, 3a of the butted floor sheet materials 3, 3 are formed as in the above-mentioned <<Base layer forming step>> and <<Laying of floor sheet material>>, the edges are joined using a seam liquid.

[0081] <<Joining the edges of floor sheet materials>> Next, a seam liquid is poured into the edges 3a, 3a of the butted floor sheet materials 3, 3. Before injecting the seam liquid, it is preferable to apply peelable masking tape across the surfaces of one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2. If necessary, it is preferable to apply the masking tape after forming a groove in the seam. For example, as shown in Figure 26(a), a cutting tool is used to cut away the upper edge corners on one side of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the upper edge corners on the opposite side of the second floor sheet material 3-2. In this way, grooves 7 are formed in the upper parts of the adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3. In the illustrated example, the grooves 7 are generally V-shaped, formed by cutting out both upper edge corners at an angle, but they may also be generally arc-shaped or generally trapezoidal.

[0082] Furthermore, masking tape 85 is applied across the surfaces of one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2. The masking tape 85 can be a single-sided adhesive tape having an adhesive on one side of a substrate. It is preferable to use a substrate that is not easily corroded by seam liquid. The substrate may be transparent, translucent, or opaque. Examples of such substrates include a laminated sheet in which a cloth sheet and a polyolefin sheet such as polyethylene or polypropylene are laminated; a polyolefin sheet such as polyethylene or polypropylene; and a paper sheet made of cellulose fiber or the like.

[0083] Next, the masking tape 85 is cut along the seam. That is, a cutting tool such as a cutter is moved in a first direction between the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 to cut the masking tape 85 into two pieces. Opposing ends of the cut masking tape 85 are pushed into the groove 7, and the ends of the masking tape 85 are attached to the groove 7. In this way, the seam defined by the adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 is opened, as shown in FIG. 10(b). When cutting the masking tape 85 and / or pushing it in, a pushing force may be applied to the floor sheet material 3, but the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3 located on the spacer member 2 are less likely to sink in, making the above work easy to carry out.

[0084] Seam liquid 42 is poured into the adjacent edges 3a, 3a. Typically, the seam liquid 42 is filled into a seam treatment nozzle member 83, and the nozzle member 83 is moved in a first direction while the seam liquid 42 is being dispensed from a tip 84 of the nozzle member 83, thereby pouring the seam liquid 42 between the adjacent edges 3a, 3a. Because the grooves 7 are formed and masking tape 85 is attached along the grooves 7, the seam liquid 42 can be easily poured through the grooves 7 into the adjacent edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3. The seam liquid 42 may be any known type, such as a resin solution type in which a resin component is dissolved in an organic solvent, a solvent type that does not contain a resin component and is made up of one or more organic solvents, or an emulsion type in which a resin component is dispersed in an aqueous solvent, and may be, for example, a seam treatment agent described in Japanese Patent No. 6587897 or Japanese Patent No. 6619318. The seam treatment nozzle member may be, for example, a known type described in Japanese Patent No. 6587897.

[0085] Depending on the viscosity of the seam liquid 42, the seam liquid 42 may seep through the seam onto the backside of the ends 3b, 3c of the floor sheet material. In this regard, because the backsides of one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are adhered to the adhesive main layer 51 of the double-sided adhesive tape (adsorption auxiliary layer) on the spacer member 2, it is possible to prevent the seam liquid 42 from seeping into the backside of the ends 3b, 3c. After the seam liquid 42 is poured, the masking tape 85 is peeled off and the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined by drying and the like. After joining, if a solidified substance such as the seam liquid 42 remains raised on the surface of the floor sheet material 3, it is preferable to scrape it off using a cutting tool such as a peeling cutter or a spatula knife. In this way, a facing layer D can be constructed as shown in FIG. 3, having a joint 4 where adjacent edges 3a, 3a of floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined together by the adhesive.

[0086] According to the construction method of this embodiment, adjacent edges 3a, 3a of floor sheet materials 3, 3 are joined on the spacer member 2, so that the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3 can be easily joined using the seam liquid 42. Furthermore, if the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are placed on top of the impact absorbing material 1, which has continuous unevenness in the surface direction, and seam liquid is poured there, there is a risk that the seam liquid will flow into the recesses corresponding to the non-contact parts of the impact absorbing material 1, consuming a large amount of seam liquid. In this regard, the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet material 3 are placed on the spacer member 2, which has a flat surface, and the seam liquid 42 is poured there, so it is possible to prevent a large amount of seam liquid from flowing out, and particularly when an adsorption auxiliary layer is provided on the spacer member 2 as described above, it is possible to prevent the seam liquid 42 from getting around to the back side of the ends 3b, 3c of the floor sheet material 3.

[0087] [Other embodiments of the construction method] In the above embodiment, a double-sided adhesive tape is used as the suction auxiliary layer 5, but it is also possible to use a single-sided adhesive tape as the suction auxiliary layer 5, for example. 27(a), the single-sided adhesive tape is a strip-shaped tape having a sheet body 53 and an adhesive layer 54 provided on the back surface of the sheet body 53, with the sheet body 53 and the adhesive layer 54 firmly adhered to each other. Examples of the sheet body 53 include a synthetic resin film, synthetic paper, and paper with a smooth surface. The adhesive layer 54 of the single-sided adhesive tape is attached to the spacer member 2, and one end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2 are placed and overlapped on the surface of the sheet body 53 of the single-sided adhesive tape. At least one of the end 3b of the first floor sheet material 3-1 and the other end 3c of the second floor sheet material 3-2, which are stacked on the spacer member 2, is cut on the spacer member 2 in the same manner as in the above embodiment, and then the remaining material is removed, forming a joint in which the edges 3a, 3a of adjacent floor sheet materials 3, 3 butt together on the spacer member 2, as shown in FIG. 1(b). In this embodiment, the suction portion 32 of the floor sheet material 3 adheres to the sheet body 53, which has a smooth surface, so the edge of the floor sheet material 3 is less likely to shift in the planar direction during cutting, allowing for easy and clean cutting. Furthermore, the suction portion 32 can be easily peeled off from the surface of the sheet body 53, making it easy to peel off the edge of the floor sheet material 3 from the spacer member 2. Therefore, after cutting the floor sheet material 3, the edge of the floor sheet material 3 can be peeled off from the spacer member 2 (sheet body 53), allowing the edges 3a, 3a of the floor sheet materials 3, 3 to easily butt together. Because the suction portions 32 of the ends 3b, 3c of the floor sheet material 3 are attached to the sheet body 53, it is possible to prevent the ends 3b, 3c from warping up when joining using the welding rod 41. Furthermore, when joining using the seam liquid 42, it is possible to prevent the seam liquid 42 from flowing around to the back side of the ends 3b, 3c of the floor sheet material 3. In particular, when the suction portions 32 are strip-shaped extending in the first direction, the suction portions 32 closest to the edge 3a of the floor sheet material 3 block the flow of the seam liquid 42, so that the seam liquid 42 can be used for joining without waste. When using the double-sided adhesive tape of the above embodiment, the joining work may be performed without peeling off the temporary release sheet 52, in which case the same effect as when using the single-sided adhesive tape of this embodiment can be obtained. [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] A. Shock-absorbing floor structure B Laying surface C Base layer D. Covering layer 1. Shock absorber 2 Spacer member 3,3-1,3-2 Floor sheet material 3a Edge of floor sheet material 4 Joint 41 Welding rod 42 Seam Liquid

Claims

1. A step of laying a plurality of shock-absorbing materials on the installation surface to form a base layer; laying a plurality of floor sheet materials on the base layer and joining adjacent edges of the floor sheet materials to form a facing layer on the base layer; In the step of forming the base layer, the impact absorbing materials are laid on the laying surface while spacer members extending in a first direction are interposed between the impact absorbing materials; A construction method for an impact-absorbing floor structure, in which, in the step of forming the covering layer, the edges of the adjacent floor sheet materials are placed on the spacer members and the edges of the floor sheet materials are joined using an adhesive.

2. 2. The method for constructing an impact absorbing floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the spacer member has an upper portion made of foamed resin with a flat surface.

3. 3. A construction method for an impact-absorbing floor structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base layer has contact portions that contact the back surface of the floor sheet material when the floor sheet material is laid, and non-contact portions that do not contact the back surface of the floor sheet material, and the contact portions and non-contact portions alternate in the surface direction.

4. In the step of forming the surface layer, 3. A construction method for an impact-absorbing floor structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an end of a first floor sheet material and an end of a second floor sheet material are overlapped on the spacer member, and at least one of the end of the first floor sheet material and the end of the second floor sheet material is cut on the spacer member to form an edge of the first floor sheet material and an edge of the second floor sheet material adjacent to that edge, and the adjacent edges are joined using the adhesive.

5. 3. The method for constructing an impact-absorbing floor structure according to claim 1, wherein an adsorption auxiliary layer is provided on the surface of the spacer member.

6. An impact absorbing floor structure having a base layer provided on a laying surface and a facing layer provided on the base layer, The base layer has a plurality of shock absorbing materials provided on the laying surface and absorbing shocks, The facing layer has a plurality of floor sheet materials provided on the base layer and a joint portion where adjacent edges of the floor sheet materials are joined, A spacer member is interposed between the shock absorbing materials, The shock-absorbing floor structure, wherein the joint is disposed on the spacer member.

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