Assembly stairs and assembly method for assembly stairs

Abstract

In the past, the common steel side girder staircases, whether straight or spiral, had weak fixing parts on the upper floor side of the side girder, and because they were not a lattice structure, they had low rigidity. In the case of spiral staircases, bending them into a spiral and transporting and assembling the long components was complicated. [Solution] The assembled staircase of this invention allows for an increase in the number of rows of horizontal main girders, making the fixing parts on the upper floor stronger, and the cross members fixed to the flange faces of the horizontal main girders, the horizontal main girders, and the inclined members form a three-dimensional lattice structure, increasing rigidity. Furthermore, in the case of a spiral staircase, the horizontal main girders, cross members, and inclined members, which are the constituent members, do not require bending into a spiral, and there is no need to transport long members, so assembly can be done easily and accurately.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a straight and spiral girder structure assembly staircase that is easy to process, transport and assemble, has excellent deformation reduction properties, and is stylish with high design expandability, and to a method for assembling an assembly staircase. [Background technology]

[0002] The classification and advantages and disadvantages of straight and spiral beam structure stairs are explained below. Modern girder-structured staircases include steel and wooden side girder staircases, strength girder staircases, box girder staircases, and reinforced concrete (RC) staircases. Traditionally, the main building structures for commercial buildings include steel frame structures and reinforced concrete structures. In steel frame buildings, the majority of staircases are made with steel stringers, while in reinforced concrete buildings, steel stringer staircases or cast-in-place reinforced concrete staircases are more common, although these are rare due to the high construction costs and time involved. Meanwhile, the main building structures for residential buildings include steel frame structures, PCaRC (Precast Reinforced Concrete) wall and floor structures, cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, and wood construction. Furthermore, in most cases, staircase structures are made of wood or steel, and are straight staircases without a girder structure, such as hinged or spiral staircases, which are integrated into the interior walls to reduce stress concentration at the fixed parts of the upper floor and also have the effect of saving space. This makes it difficult to adopt a pure girder structure staircase or a spiral girder structure staircase that would look good in a living room, and there is little freedom in design.

[0003] In any case, in the past, most staircases with straight beam structures were generally steel side beam staircases with simple structures, and there were few examples of stylish side beam staircases, both steel and wooden.

[0004] The reason for this is that when the upper floor is made of steel beams, steel stringer stairs are chosen as they are easy to fix. On the other hand, in the case of spiral steel beam stairs, when the main beam steel is "bent into a spiral" using a bending machine, if the web is bent into a spiral, the upper and lower flange surfaces rotate, creating a twisted curved surface rather than a flat surface, and the horizontal underside of the tread cannot be fixed, so they are not chosen. In the case of spiral stairs, wooden stairs, both stringer stairs and power beam stairs, are difficult to process.

[0005] One example of a mid-18th-century wooden spiral box girder staircase is the St. Joseph Spiral Staircase at the Loretto Chapel in Santa Fe. This spiral staircase is made of dense, sturdy joinery using extremely hard wood. Risers and treads, which function as cross beams, are attached to the top surface of the slat-like strength beams, and wooden panels are attached to the underside to cover the interior. As a result, a box girder cross section with an inherent lattice structure of main beams and cross beams is formed. This lattice structure increases the moment of inertia and bending rigidity in the vertical and horizontal directions, and by fastening it to the end face of the upper floor, it creates an elegant and rare spiral staircase with a height difference of approximately 7m and a coil shape of 720 degrees (two turns). However, the components and assembly methods made of dense, sturdy wooden joinery, which allow for the creation of such mechanically superior spiral box girder staircases, as well as the craftsmen who carry out these methods, are still in vogue today.

[0006] In modern times, examples of mechanically superior structures that "inherently have a lattice structure of main girders and cross girders" include "steel box girder bridges" consisting of two rows of vertical box girders and multiple rows of cross girders, and "steel bridges" consisting of multiple rows of vertical girders and multiple rows of cross girders, in the field of girder-structured bridges rather than girder-structured stairs. However, this lattice structure is difficult to realize in a staircase with a girder structure, whether it is straight or spiral. One reason for this is that in the case of staircases with a girder structure, whether straight or spiral, the presence of risers and treads causes the main girder to have a rafter-like shape and to be inclined in the direction of the stair axis, making it difficult to attach the cross beams that will serve as the step plates to the main girder. The second reason is that in the case of a staircase with a spiral girder structure, when the main girder steel is "bent into a spiral" using a bending machine, if the web is bent into a spiral, the upper and lower flange surfaces will rotate, creating a twisted curved surface, and the horizontal underside of the cross beam will not be able to adhere. For these two reasons, in a staircase with a girder structure, the lattice structure, whether straight or spiral, cannot be easily manufactured.

[0007] Therefore, many girder-structured stairs, whether straight or spiral, are made of simple steel side girder staircases. To increase the moment of inertia and bending rigidity of such a structure in the axial direction of the stairs, simply increase the thickness and width of the steel plates that make up the side girder. However, increasing the thickness is restricted by steel plate standards, and increasing the width not only increases torsional buckling, but also increases the costs of transportation and assembly. As a result, the bending rigidity of such girder-structured stairs cannot be easily increased. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2024-070376

[0009] The spiral girder structure staircase of the technology in Patent Document 1 is composed of step plate members and spiral plate members, and after the step plate members are installed in a spiral using temporary support members, two rows of spiral plate members are bolted to the step plate members. This provides structural components and an assembly method for spiral girder-structured stairs that incorporate a mechanically superior "lattice structure of main girders and cross girders" (see Figure 30 of Patent Document 1). However, even with the technology of Patent Document 1, the problems of inconsistent precision and quality in the "spiral bending" of steel plates (side girders) and the high costs involved in transporting and assembling "long spiral components" remained unresolved.

[0010] The present invention provides a girder-structured prefabricated staircase that is easy to process, transport, and assemble, has excellent deformation reduction properties, and is stylish and highly expandable in design, as well as a method for assembling the prefabricated staircase. However, the present invention does not include stairs that do not have a girder structure, such as "steps made of brick or marble" or "spiral staircases in which the inner edges of the treads are attached to the outer periphery of the support posts." Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] The above explains the classification of conventional staircases with straight and spiral beam structures and their advantages and disadvantages. Based on this, the problems related to staircases with beam structures that this invention aims to solve can be summarized as follows: 1) to 8).

[0012] 1) Conventionally, commercial buildings have been constructed using steel frame structures, reinforced concrete structures, and other materials. Furthermore, staircase structures for these steel frame structures often use steel stringer staircases, which allow for easy fastening of the upper floor fixing points to the webs of the steel beams. However, these fixing points are limited to two locations, on both edges of the stringer, which inevitably leads to stress concentration and reduced durability. In particular, in the case of spiral staircases, the large torsional moment generated at these fixing points can sometimes lead to failure. To fundamentally address the weakness of the upper floor fixing points, there appears to be no optimal construction method other than reinforced concrete construction, which requires significant construction time and costs.

[0013] 2) Traditionally, residential building structures include steel frame structures, PCaRC wall and floor structures, cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, and wood construction. Due to the issue of reduced durability of the fixed parts on the upper floor, these staircase structures often use wooden or steel staircases, such as folding staircases or spiral staircases, which are integrated into the interior walls to share the load and save space. This makes it difficult to adopt a staircase with a girder structure that stands out in a living room. It is particularly difficult to adopt an elegant spiral staircase, limiting design freedom.

[0014] 3) Generally, whether straight or spiral, a structure that "inheres a lattice structure of main girders and cross girders" is mechanically superior. However, in the case of a staircase with a girder structure, the main girders are shaped like bamboo beams and are inclined in the direction of the stair axis, making it difficult to attach the cross girders that will become the step plates to the main girders, making it difficult to realize this lattice structure.

[0015] 4) A similar structure to one that "contains an inherent lattice structure of main girders and cross girders" is a staircase made of reinforced concrete cast in place, in which the main reinforcing bars and cross bars are arranged in a lattice pattern of double reinforcement bars. These are found in commercial buildings and are durable, as well as having excellent fire resistance and sound insulation. However, their construction requires a lot of labor and time, making them complicated and expensive.

[0016] 5) When spiral steel beam stairs are "bent into a spiral" using a bending machine to bend the main beam section, the upper and lower flange surfaces rotate when the web is bent into a spiral, resulting in a twisted curve. This means that the underside of the tread cannot be fixed to the flange surface of the main beam. Therefore, although spiral steel beam stairs are highly durable and stylish, the optimal components and assembly methods have not yet been found.

[0017] 6) The majority of spiral girder staircases are simple steel side girder staircases. To increase the moment of inertia and bending rigidity in the axial direction of the staircase, the thickness and width of the steel plate that forms the side girder can be increased. However, increasing the thickness is restricted by the steel plate standards, and increasing the width poses problems such as the emergence of torsional buckling and increased costs. Therefore, no spiral girder staircase structure has been found that can freely increase the moment of inertia and bending rigidity.

[0018] 7) The majority of spiral girder staircases are simple steel stringer staircases. However, the following problems remain unresolved regarding the steel stringer plates, which are "long spiral members." 7)-1. The precision and quality of the "spiral bending" process is not stable. 7)-2. "Long spiral components" are costly to transport and assemble, and connecting them in shorter lengths creates a structural weakness. 7)-3. The durability of the "long spiral member" fixed to the steel beams of the upper deck, which was limited to two locations on both edges of the stringer, was reduced by the large torsional moment generated here.

[0019] 8) The "St. Joseph's Spiral Staircase at the Loretto Chapel in Santa Fe," from the mid-18th century, is a well-known example of a spiral wooden box girder staircase. This structure forms a box girder cross section by incorporating a lattice structure of main and cross girders, which increases the moment of inertia and bending rigidity in the longitudinal and transverse directions. As a result, an elegant and rare spiral box girder staircase with a height difference of approximately 7m and a coil shape of 720 degrees (2 turns) is realized. However, the components and assembly methods made of dense, strong wooden joinery, which allow for the creation of such a mechanically superior spiral box girder staircase with an "inherent lattice structure of main girders and cross girders," as well as the craftsmen who carry out this work, have now become obsolete and cannot be realized. [Means for solving the problem]

[0020] In order to solve the above problems, the assembly stairs according to the present invention are A horizontal main girder member made of at least a shaped steel member; A cross member made of a steel section member or a steel plate member; A tilting material consisting of a rod-shaped tilting material or a planar tilting material; It consists of The two or more rows of the horizontal main girder members have treads on the upper flange side of the horizontal main girder members, and the girder direction of the horizontal main girder members is horizontal and in the stair axis direction, and the flanges adjacent to each other at the top and bottom are fixed in order with a shift by the dimension of the tread, and the risers and treads are arranged in a staircase shape with alternating The plurality of cross members are horizontally and transversely fixed to two or more rows of the horizontal main beam members; The present invention provides an assembled staircase characterized in that the inclined members are fixed to a plurality of the cross members or to two or more rows of the horizontal main beam members at an incline in the stair axis direction.

[0021] In addition, in order to solve the above problems, the assembly method of the present invention for assembly stairs is as follows: A first step of fastening at least two or more rows of horizontal main girders that serve as starting points to the end face of the upper floor or lower floor; A second step of arranging and fixing two or more rows of new horizontal main beams, a plurality of the cross beams, and the inclined beams in a stepped manner to two or more rows of the horizontal main beams that serve as the starting points; a third step of forming an RC connector by pouring concrete into the inclined member and the two or more rows of the horizontal main girder members that will be the starting point together in at least one narrow section of the two or more rows of the horizontal main girder members that will be the starting point, and connecting and fixing the assembled stairs to the end face of the upper floor or the lower floor; The present invention provides a method for assembling a modular staircase, comprising the steps of: [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] The assembly stairs according to the first aspect of the present invention can achieve the following effects 1) to 3).

[0023] 1) In view of the required rigidity, the horizontal main girder members 10 are preferably shaped steel members such as channel steel, I-beams, or H-beams (see Figure 3). The horizontal main girder members 10 have treads 53 on their upper flanges and risers 54 on one end of their webs. They are assembled to the main girder 55 by bolting up in two or more rows, with the girder direction horizontal and facing the stair axis, with adjacent flanges fixed in order with a gap between them equal to the dimension of the treads 53, and with the risers 54 and treads 53 arranged alternately in a staircase pattern (see Figures 11 and 12). This achieves the following effects.

[0024] 1)-1. The horizontal main beam 10 can be designed to have its length extended horizontally (see Figure 34). This allows the bending rigidity in the staircase axis direction to be increased as desired.

[0025] 1)-2. The horizontal main girder 10 can be designed to have an increased number of rows. This increases the number of attachment points between the upper deck 77 and the horizontal main girder (for the upper deck) 11, thereby alleviating stress concentration (see Figure 18).

[0026] 1)-3. The number of rows of horizontal main girders 10 and 11 can be changed in design. This allows for adaptation to various structural forms, such as "two rows forming a strength girder 56" or even "multiple rows forming a box girder 57" (see Figures 30 and 33, 14 and 19).

[0027] 1)-4. The horizontal main beam 10 has a horizontally cut shape, which provides the following effects. 1)-4-1. The horizontal main girders (for the upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girders (for the lower floor) 12 are joined to the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78, and then the horizontal main girders (for the middle floor) 13 are stacked in the narrow gap between them in a stepped manner, and finally they can be fastened from the horizontal direction (see Figures 11 and 28). As a result, each component is tightly fastened to the whole, and a highly rigid assembled staircase with little shaking can be assembled.

[0028] 1)-4-2. Each layer is assembled in a staircase pattern using bolts at the top and bottom. This allows for easy and highly accurate position adjustment in the horizontal direction by providing sufficient clearance for the bolts in the bolt holes 73, and in the vertical direction by inserting spacers (not shown) (see Figure 12).

[0029] The top or side surfaces of the upper floor beams 50, 51, or the end surface 85 or back surface of the PCaRC floor 83, are horizontal or vertical. Therefore, the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11 can be firmly fixed by facing either flange or web directly to either of the upper floors 77 with anchor bars 92 in close contact with them (see Figures 18 and 32).

[0030] 1)-4-4. The outermost web of the horizontal main beam (for upper floor) 11 can be fixed horizontally along the wooden beam 52 (see Figure 37). This makes it possible to create stylish prefabricated stairs with a mix of straight and spiral staircases, even in wooden houses with wooden beams and wooden floor structures. This will be discussed later.

[0031] 1)-4-5. The horizontal main girders 10 and the cross members (risers) 21 attached to their edges are both made of horizontally cut, shaped steel members, and have excellent torsional rigidity. This results in a lattice structure 59 with excellent mechanical properties (see Figures 16 and 30).

[0032] 1)-4-6. The horizontal main girder 10 is processed into a single curve, even in the case of a spiral (see Figures 22 and 23). There is no need to "bend into a spiral" or transport or assemble "long spiral members." This allows for inexpensive processing and simple, precise assembly, regardless of whether the member is straight or spiral.

[0033] 2) The cross members are cut horizontally and are either shaped steel members or steel plate members, and are fastened in the transverse direction to each of the horizontal main girder members 10 arranged in a staircase pattern (see Figure 16). The cross members 20 are then fastened to the horizontal main girder member 10, and in order from the edge of the staircase face, there are three types of cross members: a shaped steel member (riser portion) 21 that will become the riser 54, a steel plate member (riser portion) 22 that will become the tread, and a steel plate member (leading portion) 23 that is fastened to a non-tread position and has fastening joints 58 for the inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 on the two front and rear sides in the staircase axis direction, and which precedes and unitizes with the horizontal main girder member 10. Furthermore, when the intermediate section of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78 is assembled first, the horizontal main girder member (intermediate) 13 and the cross member (preceding section) 23 are unitized in the preceding unit (intermediate) 33 (see Figures 4, 24, 7, 27, and 41). This provides the following effects.

[0034] 2)-1. Cross members (riser parts) 21 made of shaped steel members are placed at the edge of the horizontal main girder members 10, and cross members (leading parts) 23 and cross members (riser parts) 22 made of steel plate members are placed in the narrow spaces between the horizontal main girder members 10 adjacent to each other above and below (see Figures 16, 17, and 31). This provides the following effects. 2)-1-1. The cross members (risers) 21 are located at the edges of the horizontal main girders 10, so they do not interfere with each other and form a mechanically superior lattice structure 59, 60. This solves the problem of "difficulty in attaching the cross beams that act as step plates to the main girders" in conventional lattice structures (see Figures 12 and 16).

[0035] 2)-1-2. Two stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are inclined in the staircase axis direction and fixed to a cross member (leading section) 23, which has fixed joints 58 on two sides, front and back, in the staircase axis direction (see Figures 13, 14, 29, and 30). In this way, a three-dimensional lattice structure 60 can be formed by the cross member (riser section) 21, the cross member (leading section) 23, and the two-dimensional lattice structure 59 of the horizontal main girder members 10, as well as the two stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 (see Figure 16). This effectively increases rigidity, resulting in an assembled staircase that is slender and has excellent structural rationality.

[0036] 2)-1-3. The cross member 20, which is made of a steel plate member, is configured to be separated into a cross member (leading portion) 23 and a cross member (kick portion) 22 (see Figure 16). This allows for the effective construction of both the "pre-assembly of the cross member (leading portion) 23" and the "fixing of the two front and rear stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41" (see Figures 12, 14, and 16).

[0037] 2)-1-4. The cross members (leading portions) 23 and cross members (kickback portions) 22, which are made of steel plate-like members, are used as templates that match the specified alignment, and the horizontal main girder members 10 are corrected in position by bolting them up into the bolt holes 73 (see Figures 4 and 24, 7 and 27, 12 and 16). Then, all members can be assembled easily and with high precision to the specified alignment, using the cross members (leading portions) 23 and cross members (kickback portions) 22 as templates.

[0038] 2)-1-5. Instead of using cross members (risers) 21 made of shaped steel members, it is also possible to use only steel plate members that bend stepwise on the treads and risers in a stepped manner. In this case, the lattice structure is lost, but the structure is simplified and construction time and costs are reduced (not shown).

[0039] 2)-2. The cross member (leading portion) 23 and the cross member (kick portion) 22 are rectangular in shape when they are straight, and fan-shaped flat plate materials when they are spiral, so they can be freely processed into linear shapes (see Figures 4 and 24). This provides the following effects. 2)-2-1. By processing the cross member (leading portion) 23 and the cross member (kick portion) 22 according to the linear shape, they can be freely adapted to complex linear shapes such as straight lines, transition lines, spirals, etc. (see Figure 31).

[0040] 2)-2-2. As with the horizontal main beams 10, the cross members 20 do not require "bending into a spiral" or the transportation or assembly of "long spiral members" (see Figure 24). Therefore, regardless of whether they are straight or spiral, they can be processed inexpensively and assembled easily and accurately.

[0041] 2)-2-3. In the case of complex alignments such as straight lines, transition lines, or spirals, cross members (leading sections) 23 that match the alignment and horizontal main girders 10 that are processed to follow this are assembled as units in a factory, transported to the site, and bolted up. This makes assembly easy even for complex alignments (see Figures 7 and 27).

[0042] 3) The inclined members 40 are available in rod-shaped inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41, planar inclined members (planar type) 42, and planar inclined members (planar type for assembly) 43. The rod-shaped inclined members are preferably made of "rebar or round steel", while the planar inclined members are preferably made of "steel plate-like members" (see Figures 14, 30, 16, and 38). The inclined members 40 are fixed to multiple cross members 20 or to two or more rows of horizontal main girder members 10, inclined in the staircase axis direction. This provides the following effects.

[0043] 3)-1. The main girder consisting of horizontal main girder material 10 cut horizontally has a weak bending rigidity in the staircase axis direction due to its structure. Therefore, inclined members (rod-type) 41 or inclined members (flat-type) 42, 43 are fixed at an angle in the stair axis direction to the respective fixing joints 58 of the cross members 20 or to the edge opposite the stair face of the horizontal main girder members 10. This smoothly corrects the positions of the cross members 20 and the horizontal main girder members 10 that are integrated with them, which are lined up in a staircase pattern, and also increases the bending rigidity in the stair axis direction (see Figures 14, 30, 16, and 38).

[0044] 3)-2. The main girder made of horizontal main girder material 10 has the edges of the web and flange of the horizontal main girder material 10 made of structural steel member exposed on the opposite side of the staircase surface, which makes the appearance unattractive. Therefore, inclined members (flat type) 42 are fixed to the webs and flanges of the horizontal main beams 10 of each row, inclined in the stair axis direction and covering them while fixing their edges to each other (see Figure 16). This improves the aesthetic appearance of the opposite side of the stair face and increases the bending rigidity in the stair axis direction.

[0045] 3)-3. The inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 and the inclined members (flat type) 42 can be used alone or in combination. By using both together, the cross members 20 and the horizontal main beam members 10 that are integrated with them, which are arranged in a stepped pattern, can be smoothly straightened, the appearance on the opposite side of the staircase surface can be improved, and the bending rigidity in the staircase axis direction can be increased (see Figure 16).

[0046] The assembly method for the prefabricated stairs of the second aspect of the present invention involves the following steps 1 to 3. This makes it possible to achieve the following effects 4) to 6). The details of 4) to 6) are described in detail in "Assembly Methods of Examples 1 and 2."

[0047] 4) The following first step is carried out, which produces the following effects: First step (see Figures 8, 9, 10, 18, and 32) Step 1: Attaching the horizontal main girder material (for the upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder material (for the lower floor) 12.

[0048] 4)-1. The top or side of the upper floor beam 50, or the end face 85 or back face of the PCaRC floor 83, is horizontal or vertical. Therefore, the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11 can be firmly fixed by facing either flange or web directly to either side of the upper floor 77 and tightly adhering it with anchor reinforcement 92.

[0049] 4)-2. Anchor bars 92, fixing materials (for fixing anchor bars) 99, and horizontal main girder member retaining materials 87 are installed on the upper floor 77 or the lower floor 78 so that the horizontal main girder members (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder members (for lower floor) 12 can be fixed to the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78. In this way, the horizontal main girder members (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder members (for lower floor) 12 are fixed to the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78.

[0050] 5) The following second step is carried out, which produces the following effects: Second step (see Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 28, 29, 30, and 7, 27) Step 2: Pre-assembly of horizontal main beams (intermediate) 13 and cross beams (leading sections) 23. Step 3: Fixing the inclined material (rod type) 41 in two stages, front and back. Step 4: Fixing the cross member (kick portion) 21, the cross member (kick surface portion) 22, and the inclined member (flat type) 42.

[0051] 5)-1. The horizontal main girders (for the upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girders (for the lower floor) 12 are joined to the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78, and then the horizontal main girders (for the middle floor) 13 are stacked in order in the narrow gap between them, and finally they can be fastened from the horizontal direction. As a result, each component is tightly fastened to the whole, and a highly rigid assembled staircase with little shaking can be assembled.

[0052] 5)-2. Two stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are inclined and fixed to the cross member (leading section) 23, which has fastening joints 58 on two sides, front and back, in the staircase axis direction. In this way, in addition to the two-dimensional lattice structure 59 of the cross member (riser section) 21, horizontal main girder 10, and cross member (leading section) 23, a three-dimensional lattice structure 60 can be formed by the two stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41. This effectively increases rigidity, resulting in an assembled staircase that is slender and has excellent structural rationality.

[0053] 5)-3. The cross member 20, which is made of a steel plate-like member, is configured to be separated into a cross member (leading portion) 23 and a cross member (kick portion) 22. This allows for the effective construction of both the "pre-assembly of the cross member (leading portion) 23" and the "fixing of the two-stage inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41, one at the front and one at the back."

[0054] 5)-4. The inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 and the inclined members (flat type) 42 may be used alone or in combination. By using both together, the cross members 20 and the horizontal main beam members 10 that are integrated with them, which are arranged in a stepped pattern, can be smoothly straightened, the appearance on the opposite side of the staircase surface can be improved, and the bending rigidity in the staircase axis direction can be increased.

[0055] 6) The following third step is carried out, which produces the following effects: Third step (see Figures 17, 18, 19, 31, 32, and 33) Step 5: Pouring concrete for RC connector 61. Step 6: Finished.

[0056] 6)-1. The main girder 55 consisting of the horizontal main girder material 10 can be securely fixed to the upper floor 77 side via the RC connector 61, and the majority of the total weight of the assembled staircase is supported on the upper floor 77 side. As a result, the problem of reduced durability caused by the limited fixing points on the upper floor of the stringer staircase, which are located at both ends of the stringer, is essentially solved. In particular, in the case of a spiral staircase, the fixing points on the upper floor 77 side can easily withstand a large torsional moment.

[0057] 6)-2. Pour concrete between the RC connectors 61 where the upper floor 77 and lower floor 78 meet to form a continuous RC body 103. This increases the rigidity of the assembled staircase and minimizes swaying when going up and down. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0058] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a horizontal main girder (for upper floor) of Example 1. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the horizontal main girder material (for the lower floor) of Example 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the horizontal main girder (intermediate) of Example 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a cross section and a plan view of a cross member that will become a riser, a cross member that will become a tread, and a cross member that has a fixed joint for a sloped member, in this order, in Example 1. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the preceding unit (for the lower floor) of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 shows a plan view and a side view of step 1 of Example 1, and a cross-sectional view is shown in part a. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of the assembly of the preceding unit (for the upper floor) in step 1 of the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 shows an enlarged view of the assembly of the preceding unit (for the lower floor) in step 1 of the first embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 shows a plan view and a side view of step 2 of Example 1, and a cross-sectional view at part c. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG. [Figure 13]FIG. 13 shows a plan view and a side view of step 3 of Example 1, and a cross-sectional view at part c. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 shows a plan view and a side view of step 4 of Example 1, and a cross-sectional view at part c. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 shows a plan view and a side view of step 5 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a steel beam / deck floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 17, which shows the assembly status of step 5 in Example 1. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 shows a plan view and a side view of step 6 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the horizontal main girder member (for upper floor) of Example 2. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the horizontal main girder material (for the lower floor) of Example 2. [Figure 22] Figure 22 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the outer horizontal main girder (intermediate) of Example 2, and the A-A' cross section shows a side view of the outer side of the horizontal main girder of the spiral line. [Figure 23] Figure 23 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the inner horizontal main girder (intermediate) of Example 2, and the A-A' cross section shows a side view of the inner horizontal main girder of the spiral line. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 shows a cross section and a plan view of a cross member that will become a riser, a cross member that will become a tread, and a cross member that has a fixed joint for an inclined member, in this order, according to the second embodiment. [Figure 25] FIG. 25 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the second embodiment. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for a lower floor) of the second embodiment. [Figure 27]Figure 27 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the preceding unit (intermediate) of Example 2, with the A1-A1' and A2-A2' cross sections showing the outer and inner side views of the horizontal main girder of the spiral line, respectively. [Figure 28] FIG. 28 is a plan view and a side view of step 2 of Example 2, with a cross-sectional view at part c and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section QQ'. [Figure 29] FIG. 29 shows a plan view and a side view of step 3 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section QQ'. [Figure 30] FIG. 30 shows an enlarged view of the assembled state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG. [Figure 31] FIG. 31 shows a plan view and a side view of step 5 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section QQ'. [Figure 32] FIG. 32 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 31, which shows the assembly status in step 5 of Example 2. [Figure 33] FIG. 33 is a plan view and a side view of step 6 of Example 2, with a cross-sectional view at part c and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section QQ'. [Figure 34] FIG. 34 is a reference diagram showing an enlarged view of the portion corresponding to part d in FIG. 17 when the horizontal main girder members are extended to increase the girder rigidity. [Figure 35] FIG. 35 is a diagram of Reference Example 1 showing a joint configuration when the upper floor side is a steel beam / wooden floor structure. [Figure 36] FIG. 36 is a diagram of Reference Example 2 showing a joint configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC wall and floor structure. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 is a diagram of Reference Example 3 showing a joint configuration when the upper floor side has a wooden beam and wooden floor structure. [Figure 38] Figure 38 is a reference diagram showing an enlarged assembly situation, corresponding to parts b and c in Figure 13, in the case of a steel plate member in which the inclined member is attached to the cross member with a fixed joint. [Figure 39] FIG. 39 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a leading unit (for intermediate use) when the inclined member is a steel plate member having a fixed joint and assembled to a cross member as shown in FIG. [Figure 40] FIG. 40 is a hierarchical diagram showing the types of horizontal main beam members of the present invention. [Figure 41] FIG. 41 is a hierarchical diagram showing the types of cross members of the present invention. [Figure 42] FIG. 42 is a hierarchical diagram showing the types of gradient materials of the present invention. [Figure 43] FIG. 43 is a hierarchical diagram showing the types of preceding units of the present invention. [Figure 44] FIG. 44 is a table showing the standards of the components in Examples 1 and 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0059] As a form for carrying out the present invention, the forms of the components of the assembled staircase of the present invention, namely, A. horizontal main beam members, B. cross members, and C. inclined members, will be explained. Next, we will explain the "connection form of horizontal main girder material (for upper floor) 11" for each of the structural types of the upper floor on the building side: D. Steel beam and deck floor structure or steel beam and wooden floor structure, E. PCaRC floor structure or PCaRC wall and floor structure, and F. Wooden beam and wooden floor structure. Next, for the preferred embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention, "Staircase structure and linearity," "Standards of component parts," "Structure of preceding unit," and "Assembly method" will be explained in order by G, H, I, J, and K, L, M, N, respectively.

[0060] As a mode for carrying out the present invention, the configurations of the components of the assembled staircase of the present invention, namely, A. horizontal main beam members, B. cross members, and C. inclined members, will be explained below. In the present invention, the names of section steel, section steel-like member, steel plate-like member, and flange are used according to the definitions shown below. - Structural steel is a general term for steel materials with a specific cross-section, and refers to "structural steel such as channel steel, I-beam, H-beam, and square steel pipe" that have flanges. · The structural steel members and steel plate members can be made of any material, such as iron or resin. A flange is a plate-like part that is used to secure a part to another component.

[0061] A. Horizontal main girder material 10 A-1: A steel structural member with a horizontally cut shape. Depending on the staircase section, there are horizontal main beams (for the upper floor) 11, horizontal main beams (for the lower floor) 12, and horizontal main beams (for the middle) 13 (see Figures 1, 2, 3, and 40).

[0062] A-2. The cross member (leading portion) 23 is unitized to form leading units (for upper floor) 31, leading units (for lower floor) 32, and leading units (for intermediate) 33, which are assembled in advance prior to fastening the inclined members 40 (see Figures 5, 6, 7, and 43). In addition, a biting portion (riser portion) 80 is provided so that the cross member (riser portion) 21 can be bitten into and fastened (see Figures 1, 2, and 3).

[0063] A-3. It has a tread 53 on the upper flange side and a riser 54 at one end of the web, and is arranged in multiple rows in a stepped manner to form the main girder 55 (see Figures 3, 11, 22, 23, and 28).

[0064] A-4. For straight lines, the material is a straight member (see Figure 3), and for spiral lines, the flange surface is kept horizontal and a single curve is formed by "horizontal, non-helical bending" (see Figures 22 and 23).

[0065] A-5. In the case of channel steel, a single beam or back-to-back beams form a single row, and in the case of I-beams (not shown), a single beam forms a single row. Two rows form a pair to form a force beam 56 (see Figure 33), or multiple rows form a box beam 57 (see Figure 19).

[0066] A-6. In terms of girder height, having two risers 54 on one side of the web improves overall processing and assembly efficiency (see Figures 1, 2, 3, 20, 21, 22, and 23). Also, in some cases, a member with one riser 54 on one side of the web may be required to adjust the overall height of the staircase (not shown).

[0067] B. Crosspiece 20 B-1. It has a horizontally cut shape and is a structural steel member or steel plate member. In the horizontal main girder member 10 that fastens itself, from the edge of the stair face, there is, in order, a "cross member (riser portion) 21 that is a structural steel member that becomes the riser 54," a "cross member (riser surface portion) 22 that is a steel plate member that becomes the tread 53," and a "cross member (leading portion) 23 that is a steel plate member that is fastened to a non-tread position and has fastening joints 58 for inclined members (rod-type) 41 on the two sides, front and back, in the direction of the stair axis, and that precedes and unitizes with the horizontal main girder member 10" (see Figures 4 and 24, 7, 27, and 41).

[0068] B-2. After assembling the leading unit (see Figures 5, 6, 7, 25, 26, 27, and 43) in a stepped manner, which is made by assembling a cross member (leading part) 23 equipped with a fixed joint 58 for an inclined member (rod-shaped type) 41 to the horizontal main girder member 10, the two front and rear stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41, cross member (kick surface part) 22, and cross member (kick part) 21 are assembled (see Figures 14 and 16).

[0069] B-3. ​​The cross member (riser) 21 may be a straight member, regardless of whether it is straight or spiral. On the other hand, the cross member (riser) 22 and the cross member (leading portion) 23 with the fixed joint 58 of the inclined member (rod-shaped type) 41 are strip-shaped in the case of a straight line, and fan-shaped in the case of a spiral line (see Figures 4 and 24).

[0070] C. Inclined material 40 C-1. There are rod-shaped inclined materials (rod-shaped type) 41, planar inclined materials (planar type) 42, and planar inclined materials (planar type for assembly) 43 (see Figures 14, 16, 30, 38, and 42).

[0071] C-2. The inclined member (rod type) 41 is preferably made of rebar or round steel and is assembled to the cross member (leading part) 23 which has a fixing joint 58 for the inclined member (rod type) 41 (see Figures 14 and 30, 7 and 27).

[0072] C-3. The inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are transported to the site as straight lumber that is easy to transport. In the case of a spiral, after being transported to the site, they are bent into a single curve using a bending machine and then fastened to the fastening joints 58 of the cross members (leading sections) 23 arranged in a stepped pattern so as to form a spiral. If necessary, they can be joined by overlapping using a lap joint method (see Figure 30). In this way, there is no need for "bending into a spiral" or transporting or assembling "long spiral members," so they can be processed inexpensively and assembled into a spiral simply and accurately.

[0073] C-4. The "planar inclined member" is composed of "a planar type inclined member 42 fixed to the edge of the horizontal main girder member 10 on the opposite side of the staircase surface" and "a planar type inclined member (for assembly) 43 equipped with a fixing joint 58 and fixed in combination with the cross member (leading part) 23" (see Figures 16, 38 and 39).

[0074] C-5. The inclined material (surface type) 42 to be fixed to the opposite side of the staircase surface should be "strip-shaped with the staircase axis direction as its long side" in the case of a straight linear shape, and "strip-shaped with the cross direction as its long side" in the case of a spiral linear shape, so that the shapes can easily match and the material can be fixed (not shown).

[0075] C-6. The inclined member (flat type for assembly) 43, which is assembled by being incorporated into the cross member (leading section) 23 with a fixed joint 58, is "strip-shaped with its length in the staircase axis direction," regardless of whether it is straight or spiral, and is equipped with a fixed joint 58 for being incorporated into the cross member (leading section) 23 (see Figures 38 and 39). If necessary, thin members may be multi-layered. In this way, there is no need for "bending into a spiral" or transporting or assembling "long spiral members," so it can be processed inexpensively and assembled into a spiral simply and accurately.

[0076] The above has explained the configurations of the components of the assembled staircase of the present invention, namely, A. horizontal main beam members, B. cross members, and C. inclined members. In this way, in the spiral shape, the constituent parts of the assembled staircase of the present invention do not require "bending into a spiral" or the transportation or assembly of "long parts that form a spiral," so they can be processed inexpensively and assembled into a spiral easily and accurately.

[0077] Next, the "connection form of the horizontal main girder material (for the upper floor) 11" will be explained for the following D, E, and F, which are the structural types of the upper floor on the building side. D. Steel beam and deck floor structure (Example 1) or steel beam and wooden floor structure (Reference Example 1) E. PCaRC floor structure (Example 2) or PCaRC wall and floor structure (Reference Example 2) F. Wooden beam / wooden floor structure (reference example 3)

[0078] D. Steel beam and deck floor structure or steel beam and wooden floor structure Each of the referenced figures will be explained. (Example 1: Steel beam and deck floor structure) 5A and 5B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the first embodiment. FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of the assembly of the preceding unit (for the upper floor) in step 1 of the first embodiment. 18 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a steel beam / deck floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 17, which shows the assembly status of step 5 in Example 1. (Example 1: Steel beam and wooden floor structure) Figure 35 is a diagram of Reference Example 1 showing the connection form when the upper floor side is a steel beam and wooden floor structure.

[0079] D-1. In the upper floor 77 of the steel frame structure, the horizontal main girder material (for the upper floor) 11, which is the starting point on the upper floor side, is arranged perpendicular to the steel beam 51 on the upper floor side in a plan view.

[0080] D-2. In order to hold the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 to the steel beam 51, the horizontal main girder holding material 87 is fixed in advance in the transverse direction with bolts and nuts 72 to the web side of the steel beam 51 at the intersection of the web of the steel beam 51 and the lower flange of the horizontal main girder material (for upper floor) 11 arranged transversely.

[0081] D-3. If only the horizontal main girder retaining material 87 is used, the entire preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 will rotate and fall off, so the cross member (riser) 21, which is attached to the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 first, and the web or upper flange of the steel beam 51 are fixed with anchor reinforcement (for cross member (riser)) 94.

[0082] D-4. In step 5 of Example 1 described below, anchor reinforcement (for RC connectors) 95 is installed on the web surfaces of the steel beams 51 and on the top surface of the lower floor 78, which form the end faces 85 of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78, so as to be fixed to the RC connectors 61. The anchor bars (for RC connectors) 95 can also be used as the anchor bars (for cross members (risers)) 94.

[0083] E. PCaRC floor structure or PCaRC wall and floor structure The drawings of Example 2 and Reference Example 2 will be explained below. Example 2 FIG. 25 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the second embodiment. FIG. 32 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 31, which shows the assembly status in step 5 of Example 2. (Reference example 2) Figure 36 is a diagram of Reference Example 2 showing the joint configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC wall and floor structure.

[0084] E-1. On the upper floor of the PCaRC floor structure, the horizontal main girder material (for the upper floor) 11, which is the starting point on the upper floor side, is arranged perpendicularly in plan view to the end face 85 of the upper floor on the PCaRC floor 83 side.

[0085] E-2. The webs or lower flanges of the horizontal main girders (for the upper floor) 11 arranged transversely are fixed to either side of the PCaRC floor 83 via the horizontal main girder retaining members 87 using anchor reinforcement (for the horizontal main girder retaining members) 93 that has been installed in advance on the PCaRC floor 83 side.

[0086] In the case of a PCaRC floor structure, an L-shaped cutout 88 is provided on the side opposite the staircase face of the horizontal main girder 10, where the upper flange and web are cut out in an L shape, and a horizontal main girder retaining member 87 made of a steel member is placed longitudinally along the web at the upper end of the L-shaped cutout 88. The horizontal main girder retaining member 87 is then fixed to the back surface of the PCaRC floor 83 with anchor reinforcement (for horizontal main girder retaining member) 93 that has been installed in advance on the PCaRC floor 83 side.

[0087] E-2-2. In the case of a PCaRC wall and floor structure, horizontal main girder retaining members 87 made of steel-shaped members are arranged transversely so that they are supported by the lower flange surface, and are fixed to the PCaRC wall 84 with pre-installed anchor reinforcement (for horizontal main girder retaining members) 93.

[0088] E-3. If only the horizontal main girder retaining material 87 is used, the entire preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 will rotate and fall off, so the cross member (riser) 21, which is fixed to the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 in advance, and the end face 85 on the PCaRC floor 83 side are fixed with anchor reinforcement (for cross member (riser)) 94 that has been installed in advance.

[0089] E-4. In step 5 of Example 2 described below, anchor bars (for RC connectors) 95 are installed on the end faces 85 of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78 so as to be fixed to the RC connectors 61. The anchor bars (for RC connectors) 95 can be used in combination with the anchor bars (for cross members (risers)) 94 and the anchor bars (for horizontal main girder member retainers) 93.

[0090] F. Wooden beam / wooden floor structure The following explains the reference example 3. (Reference example 3) Figure 37 is a diagram of Reference Example 3 showing the joint configuration when the upper floor side is a wooden beam / wooden floor structure.

[0091] F-1. In the wooden upper floor 77, the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11, which is the starting point of the upper floor side, is arranged parallel and horizontal to the narrow gap between the two rows of wooden beams 52 on the upper floor, which are on the left and right in a plan view. Note that, unlike the steel beams 51, the wooden beams 52 cannot be arranged perpendicular to each other due to their strength characteristics.

[0092] F-2. An L-shaped cutout 88 is provided on the side opposite the staircase surface of the horizontal main girder member (for the upper floor) 11, where the upper flange and web are cut out in an L shape, and an L-shaped cutout cross member 89 made of multiple rows of steel-like members is arranged transversely at the upper end of the L-shaped cutout 88. In addition, at the lower corner of the side horizontally opposite the row of horizontal main girder member (for the upper floor) 11 of the wooden beam 52, an opposite surface member 90 having a right-angle interior angle surface formed by two rows of steel-like members integrated orthogonally is arranged longitudinally in such a way that the right-angle interior angle surface wraps around the lower corner.

[0093] F-2-1. The edge of the L-shaped cross member 89 for the missing portion and the opposite surface member 90 are sandwiched vertically between the wooden beam 52 and are fixed by being restrained vertically with bolts and nuts 72.

[0094] F-2-2. The lower ends of the horizontal main beams (for the upper floor) 11 at the left and right edges and the opposite surface material 90 are horizontally sandwiched between the wooden beams 52 and horizontally restrained and fixed with bolts and nuts 72.

[0095] Above, we have explained the "connection forms of horizontal main girder materials (for upper floors) 11" for the structural types of the upper floors on the building side, namely "D. Steel beam and deck floor structure or steel beam and wooden floor structure," "E. PCaRC floor structure or PCaRC wall and floor structure," and "F. Wooden beam and wooden floor structure." This increases the number of fastening points between the upper floor and the horizontal main girder material (for the upper floor) 11 in various structural types of the upper floor of the building, thereby alleviating stress concentration.

[0096] Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in order for Examples 1 and 2, G, H, I, J, and K, L, M, N, respectively, for "Staircase structure and linearity," "Standards of constituent members," "Structure of preceding unit 30," and "Assembly method." [Example]

[0097] Regarding Example 1, "Staircase structure and linearity," "Standards of constituent members," "Structure of preceding unit," and "Assembly method" will be explained below in this order.

[0098] G. Staircase structure and alignment (Example 1) The respective drawings to which reference is made are explained. 7A and 7B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. FIG. 17 shows a plan view and a side view of step 5 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c. 18 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a steel beam / deck floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 17, which shows the assembly status of step 5 in Example 1. FIG. 19 shows a plan view and a side view of step 6 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c.

[0099] Explains stair structure and alignment. The upper floor 77 is constructed with steel beams and a deck floor. The staircase structure is a box girder staircase consisting of four rows of main girders. Each main girder is made up of two horizontal main girder members 10 made of light channel steel, bolted back to back. · Linear is a straight line.

[0100] H. Component Specifications (Example 1) The respective drawings to which reference is made are explained. FIG. 44 is a table showing the standards of the components in Examples 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a horizontal main girder (for upper floor) of Example 1. FIG. 2 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the horizontal main girder material (for the lower floor) of Example 1. FIG. 3 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of the horizontal main girder (intermediate) of Example 1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view of a cross member (rising portion), a cross member (tread portion), and a cross member (leading portion) having a fixed joint for a sloped member in Example 1, respectively. FIG. 14 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG. FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG.

[0101] Explains the standards for components. The horizontal main girder 10 is made of light channel steel 62. The material of the cross member (riser) 21 is welded lightweight H-shaped steel. The cross member (kick face portion) 22 and the cross member (leading portion) 23 are made of rolled steel plate. -The girder height of the cross member (riser part) 21 shall be the same as the riser dimension. The width of the cross member (kick portion) 22 shall be the same as the tread dimension. The girder height of the horizontal main girder member 10 shall be twice the girder height of the cross member (riser portion) 21, and the cross member (leading portion) 23 shall be twice the thickness of the cross member (riser portion) 22. The material of the inclined material (flat type) 42 is rolled steel plate. The material of the inclined material (rod type) 41 is a steel bar for reinforced concrete.

[0102] I. Structure of the preceding unit 30 (Example 1) Each horizontal main girder member 10 is unitized with a cross member 20 to form a leading unit (for upper floor) 31, a leading unit (for lower floor) 32, and a leading unit (for intermediate) 33, which are assembled in advance before the two-stage inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are fixed. The respective drawings to which reference is made are explained. 5A and 5B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the first embodiment. 6A and 6B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for a lower floor) of the first embodiment. 7A and 7B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. FIG. 43 is a hierarchical diagram showing the types of preceding units of the present invention.

[0103] The structure of the preceding unit 30 will now be described. The main girder is made up of two horizontal main girder members 10 made of light channel steel 62, fixed back to back with bolts and nuts 72. The main girder 55 consisting of the horizontal main girder member 10 is arranged crosswise, and the cross member (leading part) 23 is first integrated with the upper flange using a temporary bolt 71 that protrudes the bolt upward. The cross members (leading portions) 23 are fixed to the top and bottom and assembled in a stepped manner, and the temporary bolts 71 are reassembled to a state in which the bolts protrude downward (not shown). Bolt holes 73 are provided at predetermined positions on the cross member (leading portion) 23, the cross member (kick portion) 22, and the horizontal main girder member 10 so that they are aligned in a predetermined staircase alignment.

[0104] J. Assembly Method (Example 1) J-1. Step 1 (Example 1): Fixing the horizontal main beam member (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main beam member (for lower floor) 12 Step 1 describes each figure to which reference is made. FIG. 8 is a plan view and a side view of step 1 of Example 1, and a cross-sectional view is shown in part a. FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of the assembly of the preceding unit (for the upper floor) in step 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 10 shows an enlarged view of the assembly of the preceding unit (for the lower floor) in step 1 of the first embodiment. 5A and 5B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the first embodiment. 6A and 6B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for a lower floor) of the first embodiment. 18 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor 77 side is a steel beam / deck floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 17, which shows the assembly status of step 5 in Example 1.

[0105] Step 1: Assembly procedure. In the upper floor 77 of the steel frame structure, the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11, which is the starting point on the upper floor side, is arranged perpendicular to the steel beam 51 of the upper floor in a plan view (see Figure 18). The steel beams 51 of the upper floor are arranged in two rows as a set, and their lower flanges are reinforced together with reinforcing plates 81 (see FIG. 9). The horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 is assembled to the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 (see Figure 5) by first assembling the cross member (riser) 21, and then the biting portion (steel beam portion) 79 is bitten into the flange of the steel beam 51, and the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 is attached to the steel beam 51 of the upper floor 77 (see Figure 9). The leading unit (for upper floor) 31 and the leading unit (for lower floor) 32, which will be the starting end, are fixed to the end face 85 of the upper floor 77 or the lower floor 78 (see Figures 9 and 10).

[0106] In order to hold the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 to the steel beam 51, a horizontal main girder holding member 87 is fixed in advance in the transverse direction to the web side of the steel beam 51 at the intersection of the web of the steel beam 51 and the lower flange of the horizontal main girder member (for upper floor) 11 of the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 (see Figure 9). The horizontal main girder support member 87 and the lower flange of the horizontal main girder member (for upper floor) 11 of the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 are fastened together with bolts (see Figure 9).

[0107] If only the horizontal main girder retaining material 87 was used, the entire preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 would rotate and fall off, so the cross member (riser) 21, which is first fixed to the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 of the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31, and the web or upper flange of the steel beam 51 are fixed with anchor reinforcement (for cross member (riser)) 94 (see Figure 9).

[0108] · Install anchor bars (for RC connectors) 95 on the end faces of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78 so that they are fixed to the RC connectors 61, which will be poured in step 5 (see Figures 9 and 10). In the subfloor 78, anchor reinforcement (for horizontal main girders (for subfloor)) 96 is installed so that each horizontal main girder (for subfloor) 12 can be fixed to the subfloor 78 (see Figure 10).

[0109] J-2. Step 2 (Example 1): Pre-assembly of horizontal main beam (intermediate) 13 and cross beam (leading part) 23 In step 2, each referenced figure is explained. 7A and 7B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. FIG. 11 shows a plan view and a side view of step 2 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c. FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG.

[0110] Step 2: Assembly procedure. In the narrow space between the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder (for lower floor) 12, which are the starting points, a new leading unit (for intermediate use) 33, which is made by unitizing the horizontal main girder (for intermediate use) 13 and the cross member (leading section) 23, is fixed in advance in a stepped manner.

[0111] J-3. Step 3 (Example 1): Fixing of two inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 in front and rear In step 3, each referenced figure is explained. 7A and 7B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a plan view and a side view of step 3 of Example 1, and shows a cross-sectional view at part c. FIG. 14 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG.

[0112] Step 3: Assembly procedure. In the preceding unit 30 which has been secured in a stepped manner in advance, two inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are secured in front and behind the cross member (leading portion) 23.

[0113] J-4. Step 4 (Example 1): Fixing of the cross member (rising portion) 21, the cross member (rising surface portion) 22, and the inclined member (flat type) 42 In step 4, each referenced figure is explained. 7A and 7B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. FIG. 15 shows a plan view and a side view of step 4 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c. FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG.

[0114] Step 4: Assembly procedure. The preceding unit 30 has two stages of inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 fixed thereto, one at the front and one at the back, and the cross member (rising portion) 21, the cross member (rising surface portion) 22, and the inclined member (plane type) 42 are fixed in a stair-like arrangement. The cross member (riser) 21 is fixed by biting its flange into the biting portion (riser) 80 of each horizontal main girder member 10 of the preceding unit 30.

[0115] J-5. Step 5 (Example 1): Pouring concrete for RC connector 61. Step 5 explains each of the figures to which reference is made. 7A and 7B are a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for intermediate use) of the first embodiment. FIG. 17 shows a plan view and a side view of step 5 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c. 18 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a steel beam 51 deck floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 17, which shows the assembly status of step 5 in Example 1.

[0116] Step 5 explains the assembly procedure. At the narrow ends of the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder (for lower floor) 12, which are the starting points, the inclined material (rod-shaped type) 41 and the inclined material (surface-shaped type) 42 are poured into the concrete together to form an RC connector 61 at the joint of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78. In this case, if the deck floor concrete 82 and the RC connector 61 are concreted together, the structure will be strong. The cross member (leading portion) 23 of the leading unit (for upper floor) 31 is held in place by the support jack 101 until the concrete hardens.

[0117] J-6. Step 6 (Example 1): Completion Step 6 explains each of the figures to which reference is made. FIG. 19 shows a plan view and a side view of step 6 of Example 1, with a cross-sectional view at part c.

[0118] Step 6 explains the assembly procedure. The treads 91 are attached to the assembled staircase, and the exterior and handrails (not shown) are attached to complete the staircase. [Example]

[0119] Regarding the second embodiment, the following will be explained in order: "Staircase structure and linearity," "Standards of constituent members," "Structure of preceding unit," and "Assembly method."

[0120] K. Staircase structure and alignment (Example 2) The respective drawings to which reference is made are explained. Figure 27 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the preceding unit (intermediate) of Example 2, with the A1-A1' and A2-A2' cross sections showing the outer and inner side views of the horizontal main beam of the spiral line, respectively. Figure 31 shows a plan view and a side view of step 5 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'. FIG. 32 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 31, which shows the assembly status in step 5 of Example 2. Figure 33 shows a plan view and a side view of step 6 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'.

[0121] Explains stair structure and alignment. The structure of the upper floor 77 is a PCaRC floor structure. The stair structure is a reinforced girder staircase consisting of two rows of main girders and narrow RC connectors 61 and RC bodies 103. Each of the two rows of main girders is made of horizontal main girders 10 made of light channel steel 62. The overall shape of the line is spiral, with transition curve members 75 arranged where the upper floor 77 and lower floor 78 meet.

[0122] L. Component Specifications (Example 2) The standards for the components of Example 2 are generally the same as those of Example 1, except that a spiral is added to the straight line, and therefore a detailed explanation will be omitted.

[0123] M. Structure of the preceding unit 30 (Example 2) Each horizontal main girder member (for upper floor) 11 is unitized with a cross member 20 to form a leading unit (for upper floor) 31, a leading unit (for lower floor) 32, and a leading unit (for intermediate) 33, which are assembled in advance before the two-stage inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are fixed. The respective drawings to which reference is made are explained. FIG. 25 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the second embodiment. FIG. 26 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for a lower floor) of the second embodiment. Figure 27 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the preceding unit (intermediate) of Example 2, with the A1-A1' and A2-A2' cross sections showing the outer and inner side views of the horizontal main beam of the spiral line, respectively. FIG. 43 is a hierarchical diagram showing the types of preceding units of the present invention.

[0124] The structure of the preceding unit 30 will now be described. Each of the two rows of main girders is made of horizontal main girders 10 made of light channel steel 62. The main girders consisting of horizontal main girder members 10 are arranged crosswise, and the cross members (leading parts) 23 are first integrated with the upper flanges using temporary bolts 71 that protrude the bolts upward. The cross members (leading portions) 23 are fixed to the top and bottom and assembled in a stepped manner, and the temporary bolts 71 are reassembled to a state in which the bolts protrude downward (not shown). Bolt holes 73 are provided at predetermined positions on the cross member (leading portion) 23, the cross member (kick portion) 22, and the horizontal main girder member 10 so that they are aligned in a predetermined staircase alignment.

[0125] N. Assembly Method (Example 2) N-1. Step 1 (Example 2): Fixing the horizontal main beam member (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main beam member (for lower floor) 12 Step 1 describes each figure to which reference is made. FIG. 25 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for the upper floor) of the second embodiment. FIG. 26 is a side view, a plan view, and a cross-sectional view of a preceding unit (for a lower floor) of the second embodiment. Figure 28 shows a plan view and a side view of step 2 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'. FIG. 32 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 31, which shows the assembly status in step 5 of Example 2.

[0126] Step 1: Assembly procedure. In the upper floor 77 of the PCaRC floor structure, the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11, which is the starting point on the upper floor 77 side, is arranged perpendicularly in plan view to the end face 85 of the upper floor 77 on the PCaRC floor 83 side (see Figures 25 and 32). The horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 is first assembled to the cross member (riser) 21, and then assembled to the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31, and then attached to the end face 85 of the upper floor 77 on the PCaRC floor 83 side (see Figures 25 and 32). The leading unit (for upper floor) 31 and the leading unit (for lower floor) 32, which will be the starting end, are fixed to the end face 85 of the upper floor 77 or the lower floor 78 (see Figures 25, 26, and 32). The cross member (riser) 21 constituting the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 is adjusted and held in position by the adjusting jack 100 (see Figure 28).

[0127] In order to hold the preceding unit (for the upper floor) 31 to the end face 85 on the PCaRC floor 83 side, an L-shaped recess 88 is provided on the opposite side of the staircase surface of the horizontal main girder 10, where the upper flange and web are cut out in an L shape, and a horizontal main girder retaining member 87 made of a steel-like member is arranged longitudinally at the upper end of the L-shaped recess 88, along the web (see Figures 25 and 32). The horizontal main girder retaining material 87 is fixed to the back surface of the PCaRC floor 83 using anchor reinforcement (for horizontal main girder retaining material) 93 that is installed in advance on the PCaRC floor 83 side (see Figures 25 and 32).

[0128] If only the horizontal main girder retaining material 87 was used, the entire preceding unit (for upper floor) 31 would rotate and fall off, so the cross member (riser) 21, which is first fixed to the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 of the preceding unit (for upper floor) 31, and the end face 85 side of the PCaRC floor 83 are fixed with pre-installed anchor reinforcement (for cross member (riser)) 94 (see Figures 25 and 32).

[0129] Install anchor bars (for RC connectors) 95 on the end faces 85 of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78 so that they are fixed to the RC connectors 61 that will be poured in Step 5 (see Figures 31 and 32) (see Figures 25, 26, 28, and 32). In the lower floor 78, anchor reinforcement (for horizontal main girder members (for lower floor)) 96 is installed to secure the horizontal main girder members (for lower floor) 12 so that each horizontal main girder member (for lower floor) 12 can be fixed to the lower floor 78.

[0130] N-2. Step 2 (Example 2): Pre-assembly of horizontal main beam (intermediate) 13 and cross beam (leading part) 23 In step 2, each referenced figure is explained. Figure 27 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the preceding unit (intermediate) of Example 2, with the A1-A1' and A2-A2' cross sections showing the outer and inner side views of the horizontal main beam of the spiral line, respectively. Figure 28 shows a plan view and a side view of step 2 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'.

[0131] Step 2: Assembly procedure. In the narrow space between the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder (for lower floor) 12, which are the starting points, a new leading unit (for intermediate use) 33, which is made by unitizing the horizontal main girder (for intermediate use) 13 and the cross member (leading section) 23, is fixed in advance in a stepped manner. The horizontal and vertical positions of the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11, which is the starting point, are maintained while being finely adjusted by the adjusting jack 100 and the support jack 101 (see Figure 28).

[0132] N-3. Step 3 (Example 2): Fixing the two front and rear inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 In step 3, each referenced figure is explained. Figure 27 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the preceding unit (intermediate) of Example 2, with the A1-A1' and A2-A2' cross sections showing the outer and inner side views of the horizontal main beam of the spiral line, respectively. Figure 29 shows a plan view and a side view of step 3 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'. FIG. 30 shows an enlarged view of the assembly state corresponding to parts b and c in FIG.

[0133] Step 3: Assembly procedure. In the preceding unit 30 which has been previously fixed in a stepped shape, two inclined members (rod-shaped type) 41 are fixed to the cross member (leading portion) 23 at the front and rear.

[0134] N-4. Step 4 (Example 2): Fixing of the cross member (rising portion) 21, the cross member (rising surface portion) 22, and the inclined member (flat type) 42 Step 4 of Example 2 is generally similar to Example 1 except that a spiral is added to the straight line, and therefore a detailed explanation will be omitted.

[0135] N-5. Step 5 (Example 2): Pouring concrete for the RC connector 61 and the RC body 103 Step 5 explains each of the figures to which reference is made. Figure 27 shows a side view, a plan view, and a cross section of the preceding unit (intermediate) of Example 2, with the A1-A1' and A2-A2' cross sections showing the outer and inner side views of the horizontal main beam of the spiral line, respectively. Figure 31 shows a plan view and a side view of step 5 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'. FIG. 32 shows the joining configuration when the upper floor side is a PCaRC floor structure, and is an enlarged view of parts d and e in FIG. 31, which shows the assembly status in step 5 of Example 2.

[0136] Step 5 explains the assembly procedure. At the narrow ends of the horizontal main girder (for upper floor) 11 and the horizontal main girder (for lower floor) 12, which are the starting points, the inclined material (rod-shaped type) 41 and the inclined material (surface-shaped type) 42 are poured into the concrete together to form an RC connector 61 at the joint of the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78. · Concrete is poured continuously between the RC connectors 61 at the joint between the upper floor 77 and the lower floor 78 to form the RC body 103. This increases the rigidity of the assembled staircase continuously and minimizes swaying when going up and down. The cross member (leading portion) 23 of the leading unit (for upper floor) 31 is held in place by the support jack 101 until the concrete hardens.

[0137] N-6. Step 6 (Example 2): Completion Step 6 explains each of the figures to which reference is made. Figure 33 shows a plan view and a side view of step 6 of Example 2, a cross-sectional view at part c, and a longitudinal section of the spiral line assembly staircase at section Q-Q'.

[0138] Step 6 explains the assembly procedure. The treads 91 are attached to the assembled staircase, and the exterior and handrails (not shown) are attached to complete the staircase.

[0139] The above has explained the preferred "staircase structure and alignment," "component standards," "pre-unit structure," and "assembly method" of the present invention for Example 1, in which the upper floor structure is a steel beam and deck floor structure, and Example 2, in which the upper floor structure is a PCaRC floor structure. As a result, the present invention can achieve the following effects 7) to 10).

[0140] 7) Conventionally, staircase structures for steel frame structures in buildings have often been steel stringer staircases, which allow for easy fastening of the upper floor fixing parts to the webs of steel beams. However, these fixing parts inevitably suffer from stress concentration, reducing durability. However, in the present invention, the number of rows of horizontal main girders 10 can be increased in design, which increases the number of fastening points between the upper deck and the horizontal main girders (for the upper deck) 11, thereby mitigating stress concentration (see Figure 18).

[0141] 8) Traditionally, residential staircases have often been wooden staircases without a beam structure, such as folding stairs or winding stairs. For this reason, it is difficult to adopt a beam structure staircase that looks good in a living room. However, the present invention utilizes and fastens the horizontal main girder (for the upper floor) 11, which has an L-shaped cutout 88 on the side opposite the staircase surface, the opposite surface member 90, and the L-shaped cutout cross member 89 to the wooden beams 52 of the upper floor (see Figure 37). Also, the cross members (risers) 21 of each story can be fixed to the interior walls (not shown). This allows for the use of a folding staircase or a spiral staircase structure, which can be integrated with both the wooden beams 52 of the upper floor and the interior walls, thereby sharing the load and saving space. Therefore, elegant spiral girder structures can be used in residential staircases.

[0142] 9) Generally, in the case of stairs with a girder structure, it is difficult to realize a structure in which the main girder and cross girder have an internal lattice structure, except for stairs with a reinforced concrete structure, which is complicated to construct. However, in the present invention, in addition to the lattice structure 59 of the horizontal main beams 10 and cross members (risers) 21, two inclined members (rod-shaped) 41, one before the other, are fixed to the cross members (leading members) 23 at an angle in the stair axis direction, forming a three-dimensional lattice structure 60 (see Figures 14 and 30). This effectively increases the rigidity, resulting in a slender, structurally rational assembled staircase.

[0143] 10) Conventionally, in the case of stairs with a spiral beam structure, the processing precision and quality were unstable when bending the material into a spiral, and the transportation and assembly of the long spiral components was costly. However, in the case of a spiral staircase, the components of the present invention, namely the horizontal main beams 10, cross beams 20, and inclined beams 40, are neither "bent into a spiral" nor "long members that form a spiral." Therefore, regardless of whether the staircase is straight or spiral, it can be fabricated inexpensively and assembled easily and accurately. [Explanation of symbols]

[0144] 10 horizontal main girder material, 11 horizontal main girder material (for upper floor), 12 horizontal main girder material (for lower floor), 13 Horizontal main beam (intermediate), 20 Cross beam, 21 Cross beam (riser), 22 cross member (tread portion), 23 cross member (leading portion), 30 leading unit, 31 Leading unit (for upper floor), 32 Leading unit (for lower floor), 33 Leading unit (for intermediate use), 40 Inclined material, 41 Inclined material (rod type), 42 Inclined material (surface type), 43 Inclined material (surface type for assembly), 50 Upper floor beam, 51 Steel beam, 52 Wooden beam, 53 Tread, 54 Riser, 55 Main girder, 56 Strength girder, 57 Box girder, 58 Fixed joint, 59 Lattice structure, 60 Three-dimensional lattice structure, 61 RC connector, 62 Light channel steel, 71 Temporary bolt, 72 Bolt and nut, 73 bolt holes, 75 transitional curve members, 77 upper floor, 78 lower floor, 79 Biting part (steel beam part), 80 Biting part (riser part), 81 Reinforcement plate, 82 Deck floor concrete, 83 PCaRC floor, 84 PCaRC wall, 85 End face, 86 Wooden floor, 87 Horizontal main girder support member, 88 L-shaped missing part, 89 L-shaped defect cross member, 90 opposite surface member, 91 tread member, 92 anchor bar, 93 Anchor bars (for horizontal main girder support members), 94 Anchor bars (for cross members (risers)), 95 Anchor bars (for RC connectors), 96 Anchor bars (for horizontal main girder members (for subfloor)), 97 Bolt nut (vertical), 98 Through hole (for fixing anchor bar), 99 Fixing material (for anchor bar fixing), 100 Adjusting jack, 101 Support jack, 102 Arc center, 103 RC body

Claims

1. A horizontal main girder member made of at least a shaped steel member; A cross member made of a steel section member or a steel plate member; A tilting material consisting of a rod-shaped tilting material or a planar tilting material; It consists of The two or more rows of the horizontal main girder members have treads on the upper flange side of the horizontal main girder members, and the girder direction of the horizontal main girder members is horizontal and in the stair axis direction, and adjacent flanges are fixed to each other in order with a shift by the dimension of the tread, and the risers and treads are arranged in a staircase shape with alternating risers and treads, The plurality of cross members are horizontally and transversely fixed to two or more rows of the horizontal main beam members; The inclined members are fixed to the plurality of cross members or two or more rows of the horizontal main beam members at an angle in the stair axis direction. An assembly staircase characterized by:

2. The assembly staircase according to claim 1, A first step of fastening at least two or more rows of the horizontal main girder members that serve as starting ends to the end surface of the upper floor or the lower floor; a second step of arranging and fastening two or more rows of new horizontal main beams, a plurality of cross beams, and the inclined beams in a stepped manner to two or more rows of the horizontal main beams that serve as the starting points; and a third step of forming an RC connector by pouring concrete into at least one of the narrowest sections of the two or more rows of the horizontal main girder members that serve as the starting point, and connecting and fixing the assembly stairs to the end face of the upper floor or the lower floor. A method for assembling a prefabricated staircase, characterized by:

Images