User-customizable orthopedic alignment device with alignment gap - Patents.com

Abstract

A user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD) includes a formable mouthpiece with an alignment gap that aligns with a user's canines when the device is placed in the user's mouth. The OAD has a moldable material that can cover the user's molars and encompass the front teeth. The alignment gap is provided to allow an alignment member to be positioned laterally between the user's canines during molding of the moldable material. The moldable material may be positioned on a frame that includes an integral hinge that allows the frame and mouthpiece to flex and adjust to the specific spacing between the user's right and left molars. After the moldable material has molded to the user's teeth, an insert is positioned within the alignment gap and, in some embodiments, can provide cushioning between the canines when the OAD is in use.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (Related Applications) This application is a continuation-in-part of and claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 362,301, filed March 22, 2019, entitled "User-Customizable Orthopedic Alignment Device with Alignment Gap," which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The present invention relates to the manufacture and use of orthopedic alignment devices designed to maintain optimized orthopedic alignment of the maxilla and mandible, thereby promoting optimized orthopedic alignment of the head and upper cervical spine. [Background technology]

[0004] Related technologies

[0005] Protective mouthguards have long been used by athletes to prevent damage to their teeth. These mouthguards may also be intended to reduce the effects of concussive impacts on the head and jaw. More recently, it has been discovered that mouthguards can affect an athlete's performance and well-being by maintaining the desired position of the mandible relative to the maxilla. Conversely, poor head position induces torque within the upper cervical spine, generating shear on the central nervous system (CNS) and limiting the range of motion at major joints in the body. This disrupts optimal physiological output and leads to an increased risk of injury through restricted movement and adaptation to less optimal physiological alignment.

[0006] Techniques exist for forming custom-fitted prosthetic devices that can be practiced by trained medical personnel to determine an optimized orthopedic alignment position for a person's jaw and used to maintain the optimized orthopedic alignment position of the jaw. However, because these techniques require the skills of trained medical personnel, they are not widely available, and the associated costs may make widespread adoption prohibitive. Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a system and method for orthopedically aligning a user's jaw with a mouthpiece-type product that can be molded to fit the user's jaw by the user themselves, rather than requiring a trained technician to custom-fit the device. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] (Summary of the Invention) The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods relating to improving orthopedic alignment in humans using a user-worn mouthpiece (the user may alternatively be referred to herein as the wearer) from the head down the postural chain to the legs. The device can improve physiological performance and reduce disorders directly related to poor head position, which causes poor alignment of the postural chain. Improvement is achieved through improved craniocervical / craniomandibular (CC / CM) relationship compared to situations in which conventional mouthpieces are used. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] One exemplary embodiment comprises a mouthpiece-type orthopedic alignment device (OAD) designed to allow a user to fit the device to their jaw and teeth. The OAD is used in conjunction with a means for properly positioning the mandible relative to the upper jaw once the OAD is fitted (molded to fit the upper and lower teeth). "Proper" positioning of the upper and lower jaw, as referred to herein, is a positioning that will induce the user's upper cervical spine to move toward an aligned position, which in turn will induce alignment of the rest of the user's postural chain.

[0009] One embodiment includes a user-customizable OAD including a formable mouthpiece adapted to be positioned in a user's mouth between the upper and lower teeth. The OAD includes a formable mouthpiece having at least a right section and a left section to be molded to the user's molars, and may also have an anterior section to be molded to the front teeth. Each of these sections has an occlusal portion that contacts the occlusal surfaces of the user's teeth. The formable mouthpiece forms alignment gaps that are positioned generally in alignment with the user's canines when the device is placed in the user's mouth (with the left and right occlusal portions positioned between the user's upper and lower molars). The alignment gaps allow for unobstructed positioning of lateral alignment members between the user's canines. The right and left sections of the overmolded portion comprise a formable material adapted to be temporarily softened, molded to the user's teeth, and hardened into a shape that conforms to the user's teeth. The moldable material may be, for example, a thermoplastic material adapted to be softened by heating and hardened by cooling. Once the moldable mouthpiece is temporarily softened, it is positioned in the user's mouth along with the alignment members. The alignment members are positioned within the alignment gaps between the user's upper and lower teeth. Contact pressure between the user's teeth and the alignment members urges the jaw toward the orthopedic alignment position. The overmolded portion hardens and molds to the user's teeth in this position.

[0010] When the formable mouthpiece is positioned in a user's mouth, the right and left sections are positioned relative to the user's upper and lower molars, respectively. The formable mouthpiece may also have a front portion that is positioned relative to the user's upper and lower front teeth. Alignment gaps of the formable mouthpiece are between the front section and the right and left sections of the formable mouthpiece. In one embodiment, the user-customizable OAD also includes a frame to which the moldable material is mounted (e.g., embedded within or otherwise affixed to the frame). The frame may include an integral hinge that can allow the frame to flex at corresponding points so that the gap between the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece can conform to the wearer's teeth. The user-customizable OAD may have one or more alignment gap inserts configured to fit within the alignment gaps in the overmolded portion. The alignment gap inserts may be made of a thermoplastic material adapted to be softened by heating and hardened by cooling.

[0011] Many other embodiments are also possible. The present invention provides, for example, the following. (Item 1) 1. A user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD), comprising: a moldable mouthpiece adapted to be positioned in a user's mouth between the user's upper and lower teeth; the moldable mouthpiece includes at least a right section and a left section; each of the right and left sections having a first moldable material adapted to be molded to the user's teeth and hardened into a shape that conforms to the user's teeth, and each of the right and left sections having an occlusal portion adapted to contact the occlusal surfaces of the user's teeth; a user-customizable OAD, the user-customizable OAD having an alignment gap, the alignment gap being adapted to be positioned in lateral alignment with the user's canine teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is placed in the user's mouth with the occlusal portions of the left and right sections positioned between the user's maxillary molars and mandibular molars, thereby allowing unobstructed lateral positioning of an alignment member between the user's canine teeth. (Item 2) 2. The user-customizable OAD of claim 1, wherein when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth with alignment members positioned in the alignment gaps between the user's upper and lower teeth, the one or more alignment members enable contact pressure between the user's teeth and the one or more alignment members to urge the jaw toward an orthopedic alignment position, and enable the right and left sections to mold to the user's teeth within the orthopedic alignment position. (Item 3) Item 1, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a front portion adapted to be positioned against the user's upper and lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth, and wherein alignment gaps of the moldable mouthpiece are positioned between the front section and the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece. (Item 4) 2. The user-customizable OAD of claim 1, further comprising a frame, the frame including a right posterior tray and a left posterior tray adapted to retain the moldable material thereon, each of the right posterior tray and the left posterior tray having a thickness of at least 2 mm, and when the first moldable material is molded to the user's teeth, the right posterior tray and the left posterior tray prevent the user's maxillary molars from being positioned closer than 2 mm from the user's mandibular molars. (Item 5) Item 5. The user-customizable OAD of item 4, wherein the moldable mouthpiece comprises a rear-only mouthpiece having a frame connector where the frame is connected between the right and left sections of the frame, the frame connector configured to be positioned rearward relative to the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth. (Item 6) Item 1. The user-customizable OAD of item 1, wherein the frame connector includes one or more integral hinges that allow portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another, thereby allowing adjustment of the spacing between the right and left sections of the frame. (Item 7) 1. A user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD), comprising: a moldable mouthpiece adapted to be positioned in a user's mouth between the user's upper and lower teeth, the moldable mouthpiece including a frame having at least a right section and a left section, and a first moldable material on each of the right and left sections adapted to be molded to the user's teeth and hardened into a shape that conforms to the user's teeth, each of the right and left sections having an occlusal portion where the first moldable material is adapted to contact the occlusal surfaces of the user's teeth; A user-customizable OAD, wherein the frame has one or more integral hinges that allow portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another, thereby allowing adjustment of the spacing between the right and left sections of the frame. (Item 8) 8. The user-customizable OAD of item 7, wherein the first moldable material on each of the right and left sections is adapted to be molded around the user's mandibular molars, and the frame includes a frame connector connected between the right and left sections of the frame, the frame connector configured to be positioned posteriorly relative to the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth. (Item 9) Item 9. The user-customizable OAD of item 8, wherein the one or more living hinges are positioned within the frame connector. (Item 10) 8. The user-customizable OAD of claim 7, wherein the moldable mouthpiece has alignment gaps adapted to be positioned in lateral alignment with the user's canines when the moldable mouthpiece is placed in the user's mouth with the occlusal portions of the left and right sections positioned between the user's maxillary and mandibular molars, thereby allowing unobstructed lateral positioning of alignment members between the user's canines. (Item 11) Item 11. The user-customizable OAD of item 10, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a front portion adapted to be positioned against the user's upper and lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth, and wherein alignment gaps of the moldable mouthpiece are positioned between the front section and the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece. (Item 12) 8. The user-customizable OAD of claim 7, wherein the moldable mouthpiece comprises a rear-only mouthpiece having a frame connector where the frame is connected between the right and left sections of the frame, the frame connector configured to be positioned rearward relative to the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth. (Item 13) 8. The user-customizable OAD of claim 7, wherein the right and left sections comprise a right posterior tray and a left posterior tray adapted to retain the moldable material thereon, each of the right posterior tray and the left posterior tray having a thickness of at least 2 mm, and when the first moldable material is molded to the user's teeth, the right posterior tray and the left posterior tray prevent the user's maxillary molars from being positioned closer than 2 mm from the user's mandibular molars. (Item 14) 1. A method for forming a user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD), the method comprising: providing a moldable mouthpiece having at least a right section and a left section, each of the right and left sections having a mating portion comprising a moldable material, the moldable mouthpiece having a matching gap; softening the moldable mouthpiece; placing the moldable mouthpiece in the user's mouth with the occlusal portions of the left and right sections positioned between the user's maxillary and mandibular molars and the alignment gaps positioned in substantial alignment with the user's canines; placing an alignment member between the user's canines, the alignment member positioned laterally from the user's mouth within an alignment gap of the moldable mouthpiece and within the gap between the user's canines; biting lightly downward on the alignment members so that the alignment members contact the user's upper and lower canines, the contact pressure between the user's teeth and the alignment members urging the jaw toward an orthopedic alignment position, the bite portions of the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece being molded to a plurality of the user's molars; allowing the moldable mouthpiece to harden; and A method comprising: (Item 15) Item 15. The method of item 14, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a frame, the frame including a right posterior tray and a left posterior tray adapted to retain the moldable material thereon, each of the right posterior tray and the left posterior tray having a thickness of at least 2 mm, and the method further comprises molding the first moldable material to the user's teeth while the right posterior tray and the left posterior tray prevent the user's maxillary molars from being positioned closer than 2 mm from the user's mandibular molars. (Item 16) Item 16. The method of item 15, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a rear-only mouthpiece having a frame connector where the frame is connected between a right section and a left section of the frame, the method further comprising positioning the frame posteriorly against the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth. (Item 17) Item 17. The method of item 16, wherein the frame connector includes one or more living hinges that allow portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another, and the method further includes adjusting the spacing between the right and left sections of the frame by flexing the frame connector at the one or more living hinges. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] Other objects and advantages of the present invention may become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] [Figure 1]1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating exemplary posterior views of the cervical spine in aligned and non-aligned positions, respectively.

[0014] [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary lateral view of the cervical spine in an aligned position.

[0015] [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary posterior view of the entire spinal column in a misaligned position.

[0016] [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a patient's jaw in a position that is not orthopedic optimized and has ADD in the TMJ.

[0017] [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the patient's jaw in its orthopedic optimized CM relationship, positioned to decompress the condyles in the glenoid cavity and reduce the disc in the TMJ.

[0018] [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for forming an exemplary user-worn OAD, according to one embodiment.

[0019] [Figure 7] 7A-7B are diagrams illustrating an exemplary OAD assembly according to one embodiment.

[0020] [Figure 8] 8A-8C are diagrams illustrating an overmolded portion for an exemplary OAD according to one embodiment.

[0021] [Figure 9] 9A-9D are diagrams illustrating a matching gap insert for an exemplary OAD according to one embodiment.

[0022] [Figure 10] 10A-10C are diagrams illustrating a frame for an exemplary OAD according to one embodiment.

[0023] [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an exploded view of an overmold assembly for an exemplary OAD according to one embodiment.

[0024] [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the positioning of an alignment member relative to an overmold assembly during molding of the overmold assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the positioning of an alignment member relative to the overmold assembly and the wearer's teeth during molding of the overmold assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] [Figure 14] 14A-14C are diagrams illustrating the structure of a frame that may be used in some embodiments of an OAD.

[0027] [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a matching gap insert according to one embodiment.

[0028] [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a perspective view of an assembled OAD according to one embodiment.

[0029] [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a perspective view of an alignment ring positioned for use with an OAD according to one embodiment.

[0030] [Figure 18]18A-18C are diagrams illustrating an alternative embodiment of an OAD adapted to mold to the wearer's mandibular molars, according to one embodiment.

[0031] [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a perspective view of an alignment ring positioned for use with the OAD of FIGS. 18A-18C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] While the present invention is subject to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and the accompanying detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. Instead, the present disclosure is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the drawings may not be to scale, and one or more components may be exaggerated to facilitate an understanding of the various features described herein.

[0033] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS One or more embodiments of the present invention are described below. It should be noted that these and any other embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the invention, not limiting.

[0034] As described herein, various implementations of the present invention comprise systems and methods for promoting optimized orthopedic alignment of the head and upper cervical spine through the use of a user-worn OAD that maintains improved CC alignment through improved CM orthopedic alignment of the TMJs and maxilla and mandible.

[0035] As described above, a person's jaw position can affect their health and performance. Various studies have been conducted regarding the influence of jaw position on performance. For example, U.S. Patent No. 8,667,972 to Makkar et al. (incorporated herein by reference) briefly describes several articles regarding the use of a mouthpiece to maintain a physiological resting position of the jaw and thereby improve physical performance. A U.S. patent application filed by Ueckert on February 27, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference) also discusses this subject, as well as the alignment of the skull and spine (CC alignment) to ensure that nerve shear (used herein to refer to stress on the skull and spinal cord in the upper cervical vertebrae) is minimized or mitigated. CC alignment and minimized nerve shear affect the positioning of the mandible relative to the skull (CM positioning).

[0036] Using the methodology discussed by Makkar and Ueckert, a person's performance can be maximized and their risk of injury minimized. Both Makkar and Ueckert involve the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) by a trained medical professional, such as a dentist or orthodontist, to determine the orthopedically optimized CM position. Once the jaw is in the orthopedically optimized position, an occlusal alignment is performed. Impressions of the person's teeth are taken and used to create convex molds of the patient's upper and lower teeth. These convex molds are mounted on an articulator, and an occlusal alignment is used to align the convex molds to the orthopedically optimized occlusal position. Finally, a mouthpiece, i.e., an OAD, is formed between the upper and lower molds. The use of this OAD holds the jaw in the orthopedically optimized CM position so that optimal CM alignment is induced.

[0037] While these techniques achieve optimal performance for patients, the complex and detailed procedures and involvement of medical professionals can increase the cost of the techniques to the point where they are not a practical solution for many people. For example, many schoolchildren who participate in sports use protective mouthpieces but cannot afford the cost of having a custom-made mouthpiece. In this type of situation, it is common for people to purchase over-the-counter mouthpieces that can be molded to the user's teeth. Typically, the mouthpiece is softened in hot water, placed in the user's mouth, pressed against the user's teeth, and allowed to cool and harden sufficiently to retain its shape while still remaining flexible. When molding these conventional over-the-counter mouthpieces, there is no way to ensure that the mandible is in a beneficial position, so the mouthpiece generally holds the jaw in an upper, posterior position where the TMJ is not sufficiently decompressed. Additionally, this position does not provide any performance benefit to the user and may actually adversely affect the user's performance.

[0038] It should be noted that, as used herein, "harden" is used to refer to the stiffening of a material and does not indicate that the material has become completely rigid or inflexible. In other words, "hardening" refers to the change of a material from a first, moldable state, in which the shape of the material conforms to the tooth, to a second, firm state, in which the shape of the material does not change except that it may be slightly flexible from its molded shape. As used herein, "softening" refers to the preparation of a material that can be molded, such as by heating the material or mixing the ingredients of the material, which will then remain moldable for a period of time before hardening and rigidifying into the molded shape.

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention overcome this problem by using one or more alignment members that maintain beneficial alignment of the lower jaw relative to the upper jaw during molding of a tooth-fitting mouthpiece-type OAD. In one embodiment, the alignment member typically consists of a substantially rigid bar positioned laterally adjacent the user's canines (i.e., extending side-to-side and generally perpendicular to the anterior-posterior direction) so that the user's lower teeth and jaw are maintained in orthopedic alignment. The moldable portion of the OAD has an alignment gap oriented to allow the alignment member to be positioned unobstructed between the upper and lower teeth when the moldable portion is positioned in the user's mouth. The moldable portion is softened and placed in the user's mouth, with the alignment member positioned laterally within the gap between the user's teeth. The user lightly bites down on the alignment member, which contacts the upper and lower teeth.

[0040] The alignment member is generally positioned laterally (side to side) between the user's canines so that the upper and lower teeth are comfortably spread apart. In one embodiment, the alignment member is distal from upper teeth 6 and 11 and lower teeth 22 and 27, although for some users it may be positioned to contact other teeth (note also that these numbers correspond to adult dentition, while other designators, e.g., teeth c, h, m, and q, are applicable to pediatric dentition). Contact between the bar and these teeth moves the lower jaw as the moldable portion of the OAD hardens, so that the teeth are aligned in the desired position (e.g., with corresponding gaps between the upper and lower teeth vertically aligned and teeth 6, 11, 22, and 27 approximately vertically aligned). This positioning is an improvement over the typical resting jaw position (i.e., with the lower front teeth posterior to the upper front teeth) typically used when molding conventional mouthpieces. Once the moldable portion has hardened, the alignment member can be removed from the tooth. In this embodiment, inserts are then positioned within the alignment gaps and locked into place by retaining features within the inserts and the molded portion of the OAD. After the inserts are positioned within the alignment gaps, they are softened, allowing them to mold to the canines.

[0041] Before describing exemplary embodiments of the present invention, it may be helpful to explain some aspects of the relationship between CC alignment, CM alignment, and their effects on performance and minimizing the risk of injury. The spinal cord emerges from the skull through the foramen magnum, a large opening at the base of the skull, and extends through the vertebrae, including the top cervical vertebra (called C1 or "atlas") and the second cervical vertebra (called C2 or "axis"). The atlas and axis allow 70% of the skull's movement relative to the spinal column.

[0042] When the skull and cervical vertebrae are perfectly aligned (see Figures 1A and 2), neural shearing on the spinal cord within the atlas and axis is minimized. Whenever the skull moves away from this concentrically aligned position, the spinal cord moves with it, imposing a torque on the central nervous system. This torque is induced by the direct physical connection of the atlas and axis to the dura mater, a thick membrane that is the outermost of the three layers of meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord, via a connective tissue bridge. The dura mater acts as a kind of "envelope" that covers and protects the brain and central nervous system. When the dura mater is stretched or twisted by moving the head or neck away from optimal alignment, a torque is induced on the central nervous system. If the shear stress on the spinal cord becomes too high, the range of motion is immediately limited to prevent further shearing of the central nervous system and neural tissue. Pain emanating from nociceptors can also signal the brain to limit the body's range of motion. The pain sensation prevents further movement and corresponding stress on the spinal cord.

[0043] For example, if a person's head is flexed laterally and turned to the left, shear forces will be imposed on the brachial plexus of nerves that innervate the right arm. The range of motion of the right shoulder will be limited to prevent further shear, and the induced compression and misalignment of the nerves can cause paresthesias in the affected arm to the hand. This misalignment can affect alignment down the postural chain to the feet (see Figure 3). In addition to generating shear forces or compression on a person's nerves and resulting pain, the misalignment can cause constriction of the vertebral arteries (see Figure 1B), causing the heart to beat harder and properly perfuse blood into the brain, potentially leading to problems such as vascular migraines and high blood pressure.

[0044] The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the most unique and most used joint in the body. It functions as a rotational joint for the first 20 mm of opening, and translation occurs in the last 20–25 mm of opening. During this translation, the mandibular condyle moves out of the glenoid cavity and reaches maximum opening. The mandible can move in six translational directions: up / down, front / back, and side / side. In addition, it can also move in rotational directions, called pitch, yaw, and roll, which are equivalent to plane movements. For example, if a person closes their jaw and the front teeth touch the front of the back teeth, the mandible will pitch upward and backward until the back teeth contact. If the left front teeth contact first on one side before the other, the jaw will yaw to separate prematurely to avoid interference. If the back teeth on the right side contact before the back teeth on the left, the jaw will roll upward on the left side until the back teeth contact. When the mandible needs to pitch, yaw, or roll, it creates compression in the TMJ, which creates torque in the upper cervical vertebrae (C1 and C2), instantly unfolding nerve shear. To manage this shear, the jaw needs to be in equilibrium in all six directions. This is accomplished using an OAD.

[0045] The concept of interaction or interdependence of CM alignment and CC alignment is sometimes referred to as the 50 / 50 principle, pioneered by Dr. Mariano Rocabodo. The commonality between the relationships is the skull, and changing one of the alignments affects the other (the law of action and reaction). If the alignment of the mandible and maxilla is improved, the alignment of the cervical spine will also improve. Conversely, if the alignment of the cervical spine is improved, the alignment of the maxilla and mandible will improve.

[0046] In a habitually (but not optimally) aligned CC / CM relationship, when a person's jaw is closed, the upper anterior teeth are positioned in front of (in front of) the lower anterior teeth (see Figure 4). A conventional user-fitted mouthpiece holds the jaw in a position close to this habitual alignment, but the teeth are spaced slightly further apart. The right and left posterior teeth contact simultaneously without any pitch / yaw / roll movement occurring before the anterior teeth contact. The right and left TMJ discs are stabilized and reduced without any anterior displacement within the glenoid fossa, and C1 and C2 are concentrically aligned without any subluxation or rotation.

[0047] In a habitual subluxated alignment, as shown in Figure 4, the mandible must move upward and backward to seat the posterior teeth. This compresses the TMJ, leading to ADD, C1 / C2 subluxation, forward head posture with possible rotation and lateral flexion, and cascading malocclusions down the postural chain. This upward and posterior movement of the jaw also causes obstruction of the human orbit by limiting tongue space. In addition, the human tongue moves backward to avoid being occluded, which further obstructs the airway, leading to disturbances during sleep and increasing the incidence of snoring or obstructive sleep apnea. As the human head moves forward in response to the disruption of the jaw relationship due to airway obstruction and loss of posterior occlusal support, a downward subluxation of the postural chain occurs. This is dictated by the law of action and reaction, creating an obstruction in joint movement (such as hip impingement, or FAI) and helping to maintain a more open airway. This forward movement of the head in turn affects the central nervous system by imposing torque on the brainstem, generating neural shear within the upper cervical spine, and subluxating the atlas and axis, which also limits the range of motion of major joints.

[0048] Proprioception is the sense of the relative position of neighboring parts and the intensity of effort employed in moving a body part. The term is therefore used to describe the sensory information that contributes to the sense of jaw position and movement. Receptors from muscles and joints essentially inform and provide body awareness, providing information about how you are moving.

[0049] The proprioceptive system is primarily located in the cerebellum (the brain's balance center), which works closely with the vestibular and tactile systems. The spinocerebellum regulates tone, posture, and balance by receiving sensory impulses from proprioceptors, tactile receptors, visual receptors, and auditory receptors. In the case of the jaw, it is the trigeminocerebellar tract that provides proprioceptive efferent connections to the spinocerebellum. This tract transmits proprioceptive information from the jaw muscles and TMJ to the spinocerebellum. It also carries sensory impulses from the periodontium (ligaments and tissues that support the teeth within the jawbone) to the spinocerebellum.

[0050] Proprioceptive information about the relationship between the jaw, TMJ, and teeth is provided directly to the cerebellum. When posterior teeth (molars and premolars) make contact, proprioception via the trigeminocerebellar pathway instantly communicates with the spinocerebellum, which uses that information to influence head position. This occurs, on average, approximately 3,000 times each day. Consequently, if a person's jaw is misaligned, their head position will also be misaligned. On the other hand, if a person's jaw is more optimally aligned, their CC / CM alignment will be corrected so that their head position is not subluxated, but instead becomes more orthopedically aligned. More specifically, this reduces nerve shearing and allows the head to be held in an orthopedic alignment position, returning it to a point of equilibrium and initiating a descending chain of realignment along the postural chain. This results in improved range of motion of major joints, improved balance, a more patent airway, better recruitment of movement, and a reduced risk of injury. Improvement is immediate and can be assessed using routine range-of-motion testing of the upper cervical spine, lower cervical spine, shoulder, and hip. For patients with pain from subluxation of the CC / CM complex, improved alignment of this complex reduces nerve shearing and immediately decreases pain in joints that previously had limited range of motion.

[0051] In the Makkar and Ueckert method, TENS is applied to the patient's jaw muscles to relax them and "deprogram" them. This is done because the patient is generating an engram pattern of muscle contractions to elevate the mandible and connect the posterior teeth to a posterior position in the physiological resting position (see Figure 4). As the muscles are deprogrammed, the jaw will approach a more optimized position associated with CC alignment of the upper cervical spine. In this position, rather than forcing the upper anterior teeth forward of the lower anterior teeth (see Figure 4), the anterior teeth will be more vertically aligned with each other (see Figure 5). Similarly, but in reverse, mandibular positioning will affect CC alignment. As a result, when the patient's mandible is held in the optimized position, the patient's CC / CM complex will be maintained in an orthopedically optimized position corresponding to the optimized jaw position.

[0052] Therefore, ideally, the mouthpiece would hold the wearer's jaw in an orthopedically beneficial position, as shown in Figure 5. By maintaining an orthopedically beneficial jaw position, orthopedic alignment of the head and upper cervical spine is maintained, nerve shearing is reduced, range of motion of major joints is improved, and balance is improved, particularly as proprioception of jaw position occurs. This resetting of orthopedic alignment also minimizes the risk of injury.

[0053] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the articular disc 205 is positioned between the condyle 210 of the mandible and the glenoid fossa 215 of the temporal bone. Normally, as the jaw opens and closes, the disc moves so that it remains between the condyle and the fossa. If the condyle moves upward and backward when the jaw closes and the posterior teeth are in distal contact, this can compress the TMJ and place a load on the posterior portion of the articular disc. This causes ADD. The ADD and corresponding misalignment of the TMJ generates unwanted torque in the upper cervical spine due to nociceptive signaling. This leads to subluxation of the atlas and axis and head misalignment, generating reflex contraction of the upper cervical muscles (particularly the suboccipital muscles around C1 / C2) that induces nerve shearing.

[0054] To achieve beneficial jaw alignment in which the articular disc 205 is not compressed (resulting in the CC / CM complex moving toward alignment), the present system and method employ a formable mouthpiece (which may be referred to herein as an orthopedic alignment device, or OAD) and a means for properly aligning the jaw and maintaining this alignment while the mouthpiece is shaped to the user's teeth. The alignment means (e.g., an alignment member extending laterally across the mouthpiece) is positioned within a gap in the mouthpiece that allows the alignment member to be positioned between the teeth without interference from the mouthpiece. After the mouthpiece is shaped, the alignment member may be removed and an insert may be positioned within the gap to provide cushioning between the teeth. Additional molding may be performed to mold the insert to the user's teeth.

[0055] Rather than applying TENS to deprogram the jaw muscles, the system and method position alignment members against the upper and lower teeth (e.g., distal to upper teeth 6 and 11 and mesial to lower teeth 22 and 27) to urge the jaw toward an orthopedically optimized position. By allowing alignment members to be positioned within alignment gaps in the moldable portion of the mouthpiece while it molds to the teeth, a more optimized jaw position may be achieved during molding of the OAD than with conventional mouthpieces, where jaw alignment is not controlled. In addition to adjusting the anterior / posterior jaw position, the OAD alignment members maintain uniform spacing between the upper and lower teeth on the left and right sides to prevent jaw "roll." Preferably, a vertical index of 17 to 21 mm will be developed within the optimized jaw relationship, or in some situations, a minimum of 2 mm of space will be developed between the closest approximations of the teeth (where the closest upper and lower teeth come into contact with each other).

[0056] The moldable portion of the OAD can be made of any suitable material, such as known in the art, such as an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) type material, another type of thermoplastic material, or a suitable 3D printing material. The selected material may be formed according to the method illustrated in FIG. 6, in which an unmolded OAD is provided (302). The mouthpiece has a moldable portion with alignment gaps therein to allow for positioning of alignment members between the teeth when the moldable portion is placed in the wearer's mouth. If inserts are initially positioned within the alignment gaps of the moldable portion, they should be removed (304).

[0057] The moldable portion is softened (306), for example, by placing it in a warm water bath for a certain amount of time. The specific steps used to soften the material will depend on the manufacturer's recommendations and requirements for the material. The softened moldable portion is then placed in the wearer's mouth (308). An alignment member is positioned laterally within the gap between the user's teeth (310). The alignment member may be positioned between the teeth either before or after the moldable portion is placed in the wearer's mouth. The wearer lightly bites down so that the alignment member contacts the upper and lower teeth (e.g., distal to upper teeth 6 and 11 and lower teeth 22 and 27) and moves the lower jaw to the desired alignment position (312). Note that the alignment member is substantially rigid so that it will not be significantly deformed by the user biting down on it as the mouthpiece is being molded. The moldable portion is molded around the wearer's teeth and then allowed to harden (314).

[0058] Once the moldable portion has hardened, the moldable portion and alignment member can be removed from the wearer's mouth. The insert is then positioned within the alignment gap (316). The insert may be locked in place by retaining features within the insert and molded portion of the OAD (e.g., small barbed posts on the insert that fit into corresponding holes in the moldable portion or frames in the moldable portion). After the inserts are positioned within the alignment gaps, they can be softened to mold them to the canines (318), although this is not necessary in all embodiments. In one embodiment, the entire assembly is softened (e.g., in a warm water bath). Alternatively, only the front portion of the assembly with the insert can be softened. The assembly is then placed back into the wearer's mouth, and the insert can be molded to the wearer's teeth (320). The pre-molded portion of the OAD will serve to maintain the proper orthopedic alignment of the jaw while the insert is molded to the teeth so that the alignment member is no longer needed for this purpose (322). Once the insert has hardened, the OAD is ready for use.

[0059] An exemplary embodiment of an OAD is shown in Figures 7-11. With reference to Figures 7A-7B, the entire OAD assembly, including the overmolded portion, frame, and matching gap insert, is depicted. Figure 7A is a perspective view of the OAD, while Figure 7B is a plan view of the underside of the OAD. It can be seen in these figures that the OAD 400 is a generally semicircular device that fits around the wearer's teeth. Note that while the device illustrated in these figures is designed to be formed around the wearer's upper teeth, alternative embodiments may be designed to be formed around the wearer's lower teeth, or around both the upper and lower teeth. In one embodiment, the structure of an OAD designed to mold to the wearer's lower teeth is substantially identical to the embodiment shown in Figures 7-11. One embodiment, designed to be molded to both the wearer's lower teeth and the wearer's upper teeth, is substantially identical to the embodiment shown in Figures 7-11, except that the vertical wall extends both above the bite portion (molded to the wearer's upper teeth) and below the bite portion (molded to the wearer's lower teeth).

[0060] In this embodiment, OAD 400 includes left (410) and right (420) sections molded around the wearer's molars, anterior section 430 molded around the wearer's front teeth, and insert sections (440, 441) that may be molded around the wearer's canine teeth. Anterior section 430 and left and right sections 410 and 420 are interconnected and are referred to herein as overmold sections. The overmold sections and insert sections are made of an EVA-type material or any other suitable material known in the art that can be softened and molded to the wearer's teeth. The overmold sections in this embodiment are formed over frame 450 to provide some rigidity between the anterior section and the right and left sections when inserts 440 and 441 are removed.

[0061] 8A-8C, the overmold portion is shown without the frame and insert portions. Each of the right and left overmold portions has a corresponding occlusal portion (411, 421) that contacts the occlusal surfaces of the wearer's molars. Vertical walls extend upward from the sides of the occlusal portions. Walls 412 and 422 extend upward from the outer edges of occlusal portions 411 and 421, respectively. Walls 413 and 423 extend upward from the inner edges of occlusal portions 411 and 421, respectively. Anterior portion 430 similarly has an occlusal portion 431 with outer (432) and inner (433) vertical walls extending upward from corresponding edges of occlusal portion 431. The occlusal portions (411, 421, 431) and vertical walls (412, 413, 422, 423, 432, 433) are initially smooth surfaces as depicted in these figures, but following molding, these surfaces conform to the surfaces of the wearer's teeth.

[0062] The inner and outer vertical walls of the right and left portions of the overmold section are connected to the inner and outer vertical walls of the front section. In other words, the vertical walls extend across the alignment gap 460 so that the right, left, and front portions of the overmold section form a single unit. Because the portions of the vertical walls extending across the alignment gap are relatively thin, they may not have sufficient rigidity to maintain the entire semicircular shape of the overmold section when the overmold section material softens prior to forming it around the wearer's teeth. Therefore, as described above, a frame is used to provide additional rigidity to the assembly. A small channel or void (e.g., 455) is formed in the overmold section to accommodate the frame. Note that FIG. 11 (an exploded view of the OAD assembly) shows how the frame 450 is inserted into the channel 455 of the overmold section in this embodiment.

[0063] 9A-9C, the alignment gap inserts are shown separate from the OAD assembly. In this embodiment, two separate inserts (440, 441) are used, although a single insert may be used in alternative embodiments. The left insert 440 is inserted into the alignment gap on the left side of the OAD (between the left portion 410 and the front portion 430), and the right insert 441 is inserted into the alignment gap on the right side of the OAD (between the right portion 420 and the front portion 430). Each insert includes an occlusal portion (e.g., 442). When the inserts are positioned in the alignment gaps and the overmold assembly is placed in the wearer's mouth, the occlusal portions of the inserts are positioned generally between the wearer's upper and lower canines. The inserts also have short vertical walls (e.g., 443, 444) extending upward from the outer and inner edges of the occlusal portions of the inserts. When the insert is positioned within the corresponding alignment gap, it is generally molded such that a continuous interlocking portion and inner and outer vertical walls are formed with the overmolded portion.

[0064] Note that the insert includes locating features that allow the insert to be retained within the overmold section once inserted. In one embodiment, small posts (446, 448) are provided on the insert. These posts fit into corresponding holes in the overmold section and / or frame to hold the insert in place within the aligned gap. In one embodiment, the posts have small barbs (e.g., 449) on their ends so that when the posts are inserted into the holes, the barbs retain the posts within the holes, as shown in FIG. 9D . This may prevent the insert from falling out of the aligned gap and posing a choking hazard. Note that the locating features may also include various other types of keys and keyways that will maintain the position of the insert within the aligned gap.

[0065] 10A-10C, a frame 450 is shown detached from the OAD assembly. In this embodiment, the frame includes separate left (451) and right (452) portions. In other embodiments, the frame may be designed as a single unit. The left and right portions of the frame each include a stabilizing portion (e.g., 456) that is inserted into the occlusal portion of the overmolded portion. The left portion (451) of the frame fits within the left portion of the overmolded portion, and the right portion (452) of the frame fits within the right portion of the overmolded portion. The stabilizing portion may also be referred to as a spacing portion, as it may serve to maintain a minimum or preferred spacing between the wearer's upper and lower molars and / or premolars. The stabilizing portions of the frame are connected to bridging portions (e.g., 457) of the frame that extend across the alignment gap between the left / right rear portions (410, 420) and the front portion (430) of the overmolded portion when the frame is disposed within the overmolded portion.

[0066] The frame 450 is made of a stiffer material than the overmolded portion so that the bridging portion 457 adds rigidity to the overmolded assembly (compared to the overmolded portion without the frame). The frame need not be completely rigid or inflexible, but at least the bridging portion should be less flexible so as to allow the overmolded assembly to maintain its generally circular shape. Note that the stabilizing portion of the frame can be manufactured separately and inserted into the corresponding occlusal portion of the overmolded portion, or it can be molded into the occlusal portion or formed through any other suitable means. In one embodiment, the stabilizing portion is sized so that a minimum spacing is maintained between the wearer's maxillary and mandibular molars and / or premolars when the device is molded to the wearer's teeth. The minimum spacing is preferably 2-4 mm, and in one exemplary embodiment, is preferably 3.5 mm. Because the frame is made of a material that is generally less compressible than the overmolded portion (in other words, has a higher durometer than the material of the overmolded portion), this keeps the wearer from biting too far down on the overmolded portion. However, the frame is not completely incompressible, so the biting portion remains compressible and able to cushion potential impacts to the jaw.

[0067] In this embodiment, frame 450 includes two extensions from bridge portion 457 that are adapted to retain a matching gap insert within the overmold assembly. Each of these extensions, a posterior insert retainer 458 and an anterior insert retainer 459, has a small hole through the end of the extension. The whole is adapted to receive a corresponding retention post of the matching gap insert. For example, the posterior post 446 of insert 440 would extend through a hole in the end of the posterior insert retainer 458, and the anterior post 448 of insert 440 would extend through a hole in the end of the anterior insert retainer 459. The overmold may also have holes therein that align with the holes in the anterior and posterior insert retainers 459 and 458, so that the posts of the inserts extend through the holes in both the frame and the overmold. As described above, the posts may have barbs so that when they are inserted through the holes, the frame will retain the posts within the holes.

[0068] As described above in connection with Figure 6, the OAD allows for the use of an alignment member to position the wearer's lower teeth relative to the upper teeth to maintain orthopedic alignment of the jaws during molding of the device. Figures 12 and 13 show the positioning of alignment member 500 relative to overmold assembly 400 during the molding process.

[0069] It is envisioned that when the OAD is purchased by a wearer, the wearer will not have the insert disposed within the alignment gap because the retention features incorporated into the overmold assembly and the insert may permanently lock the insert into position within the alignment gap. However, if the wearer purchases an embodiment in which the insert is disposed within the alignment gap, the wearer will remove the insert prior to molding the overmold assembly.

[0070] As described above, the wearer would soften the overmold assembly by means such as placing it in a warm water bath. After the overmold assembly has softened, the user would place it in their mouth with the teeth in contact with the occlusal portions and between the inner and outer vertical walls. With the overmold assembly in this position, the alignment gap should be substantially aligned with the gap between the wearer's canines, as shown in FIG. 13. "Substantially aligned" is used here to refer to an alignment such that a generally linear alignment member (e.g., a rod) could be positioned laterally across the wearer's mouth between the upper and lower teeth, unobstructed by the overmold assembly. Preferably, the alignment member does not contact the overmold assembly. The alignment member does not need to be centered within the alignment gap of the overmold assembly.

[0071] The alignment member is positioned within the alignment gap and within the gap between the wearer's canines. The alignment member may be positioned in the wearer's mouth either before or after the overmold assembly is positioned therein. Depending on the wearer's dentition, the alignment member may be installed in various locations within the alignment gap of the overmold assembly. As depicted in FIG. 13 , the canines and alignment member are slightly anterior to the center of the alignment gap of the overmold assembly. When the wearer bites down lightly on the alignment member, the jaw and lower teeth move forward or backward until the alignment member rests within the gap between the teeth, typically distal from teeth 6, 11, 22, and 27. The overmold is then allowed to harden with the jaw in this position. This may help the wearer press their tongue against the overmold or suck air out of their mouth to help the device mold to the teeth.

[0072] The alignment member can have a variety of different shapes and sizes, but as depicted in this figure, the alignment member has a straight rod or dowel with a rounded cross-section of approximately 3 mm in diameter that extends through the alignment gap. As shown in FIG. 12, the straight portions of the alignment member that extend through the alignment gap are connected to a roughly semicircular portion at each end to form a loop. This loop configuration can serve several purposes. For example, it makes the alignment member large enough so that it does not become a choking hazard when used to mold the device to a child's teeth. This structure can also hold the alignment member in place in the wearer's mouth during the molding process. For example, the straight portion of the alignment member may be positioned in the wearer's mouth, and the curved portion may be allowed to hang downward against or under the wearer's chin to prevent it from moving out of position.

[0073] 14-17, an alternative embodiment of an OAD is illustrated. In this embodiment, the OAD comprises a frame that serves as a tray for a moldable material that can be formed to fit the wearer's molars and anterior teeth, with alignment gaps through which to receive alignment members during molding of the material in the tray and thereafter to receive moldable inserts.

[0074] 14A-14C, a frame that can be used in this embodiment of the OAD is shown. FIG. 14A is a side view of the frame, FIG. 14B is a top view of the frame, and FIG. 14C is a front perspective view of the frame. As can be seen in these figures, the frame in this embodiment is not completely contained within the overmolded portion of the moldable material, but instead generally serves as a tray upon which the moldable material is positioned. A portion of the frame in this embodiment remains exposed when the moldable material is positioned within the tray and molded to the wearer's teeth.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 14B, frame 600 has a posterior portion 602 that holds material that will mold to the wearer's molar teeth, a central portion 604 that includes alignment gaps 610, and a front portion 606 that holds material that will mold to the wearer's front teeth. The frame has an outer wall 612 that extends in a generally semicircular shape around the outer edge of the frame. The outer shape of outer wall 612 varies along its length (see, for example, FIGS. 14A and 14C), but the outer wall is generally continuous. The frame also has an inner wall 614 that is generally semicircular in shape and extends around the interior of the frame; it can be seen that the inner wall is discontinuous at spaces 616 and 618. This will be explained in more detail below in connection with the hinged sides of the frame. Each of the inner and outer walls extends upwardly from a floor 620 of the frame that is positioned between the wearer's upper and lower teeth when the OAD is in use.

[0076] The rear portion 602 of the frame 600 forms a right rear tray and a left rear tray, each of which holds a moldable material that will conform to the wearer's molars. The floors of the right and left rear trays each have openings (e.g., 622, 624) through which the moldable material can extend through the frame and contact both the upper and lower molars. The moldable material can thus provide cushioning between the wearer's upper and lower molars. Nevertheless, the floors of the frames in the rear trays can serve to maintain a minimum spacing between the wearer's molars when the moldable material is molded to the wearer's teeth. The frame may be made of a material that is stiffer than the moldable material, yet still be flexible enough not to prevent the moldable material from cushioning the wearer's jaw. Note that the left and right rear trays each have a barrier (e.g., 626) positioned at the front edge of the respective tray to serve to contain the spread of moldable material as it is molded to the wearer's teeth. This ensures that the moldable material does not flow forward into areas that would be filled by inserts that fit into matching gaps in the frame (as will be discussed in more detail below).

[0077] 14-17, the front portion 606 of the frame 600 forms a front tray that holds additional moldable material that will be molded to the wearer's front teeth. Like the rear tray, the front tray has a barrier (e.g., 630) that serves to contain the spread of posterior moldable material into the area of ​​the alignment gap as the moldable material is molded to the front teeth.

[0078] The front portion 606 of the frame 600 also has two “living hinges” 640, 642. As can be seen in FIG. 14B , each living hinge in this embodiment comprises a narrowed section of the outer wall 612 that allows the frame to flex at this point. Note that “living hinge” is used here to refer to a structure that allows a portion of the frame to flex at a specific location rather than flexing along the entire frame (or a substantial portion thereof). Living hinges may comprise a thinned spot in the outer wall of the frame, a more flexible material at the living hinge location, or the like; it is not necessary to have a traditional pin-and-knuckle structure such as found in door hinges, piano hinges, etc.

[0079] The inner wall 614 and floor 620 are discontinuous, forming spaces 616 and 618 between the left, center, and right sections of the front portion 606 of the frame. These spaces allow the left, center, and right sections of the frame to move relative to one another as the frame flexes at hinges 640 and 642. In other words, without the spaces, the frame would not be able to flex because the continuous floor and / or inner wall would hold the left and right sections of the frame in place and prevent them from moving slightly closer to one another or slightly farther away from one another compared to the unflexed position depicted in the figures. This allows the frame to be comfortably molded to wearers with a wider range of jaw sizes (with molars spaced closer or wider apart) without having to offer multiple different sized frames. If the frame is flexed at the hinges when the device is molded to the wearer's teeth, the molded material in the anterior tray will tend to hold the frame in this position.

[0080] As can be seen in FIG. 14C, the outer wall 612 may include holes (e.g., 644, 646) therethrough. The moldable material in the anterior tray may extend through these holes, thereby helping to maintain the positioning of the moldable material relative to the frame. The moldable material may extend through these holes prior to molding the material to the wearer's teeth, or the process of molding the material to the wearer's teeth may force some of the material into / through the holes.

[0081] Referring to FIG. 15 , an alignment gap insert 660 is shown. The insert 660 has right and left insert portions (662, 664) shaped to fit within the alignment gap of the frame 600. An insert connector 668 extends between the insert portions 662 and 664, holding them together so that they can be more conveniently positioned within the frame. The connector 668 also serves to retain the insert portions 662 and 664 within the alignment gap in the frame. When the insert portions 662 and 664 are lowered into the frame from above, the connector 668 rests against the interior wall 614 just above the floor of the front tray, preventing the insert from moving further downward through the alignment gap once in place.

[0082] Referring to Figure 16, a perspective view of an assembled OAD is shown. In the assembled OAD 670, a layer of moldable material (672, 674) is positioned in each of the rear trays of the frame, and the insert portions 662 and 664 are positioned in the matching gaps of the frame. Layers of moldable material (676, 678) are formed in the front tray and around the outer walls of the front portion of the frame. As depicted in this figure, the moldable material has not yet been molded to the wearer's teeth.

[0083] Referring to FIG. 17 , when the wearer is ready to mold the moldable material of the OAD to the wearer's teeth, the alignment gap insert is removed, leaving the alignment gap of the device open. The moldable material is softened, and the OAD is positioned in the wearer's mouth. An alignment ring 680 is positioned with a linear alignment member 682 extending through the alignment gap. The wearer lightly bites down so that the linear alignment member 682 contacts the upper and lower teeth (e.g., canines) and urges the wearer's jaw toward the optimized orthopedic alignment position. The moldable material is then allowed to conform to the wearer's teeth and harden (set) to this molded shape. Once the moldable material has set to its molded shape, the alignment member may be removed, and an alignment gap insert may be positioned within the alignment gap. The wearer may wish to mold the alignment gap insert by softening the insert material, position the insert within the alignment gap, and place the OAD in the wearer's mouth with the wearer biting slightly downward on the OAD. Because the moldable material on the frame of the OAD is already molded to the orthopedic alignment position, the material will hold the wearer's jaw in this position while the insert molds to the teeth that contact the insert. Note that the OAD can be used without an insert, with an unmolded insert, or with a molded insert.

[0084] 18-19, another alternative embodiment of an OAD is shown, according to some embodiments. Fig. 18A is a side view of the OAD, Fig. 18B is a top view of a frame used in the present OAD, and Fig. 18C is a front perspective view of the OAD with a moldable shock-absorbing material positioned on the frame. Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the OAD with an alignment ring positioned to mold the OAD.

[0085] As depicted in these figures, the OAD 700 is a posterior-only design that provides cushioning only between the wearer's maxillary and mandibular molars; no cushioning is provided between the wearer's anterior teeth. Thus, the frame 710 includes right and left posterior trays (712, 714) substantially similar to those of the frame depicted in FIG. 14B , but without the anterior portion. Moldable material (732, 734) is positioned within the trays to form bite pads that provide cushioning between the wearer's maxillary and mandibular molars. The moldable material extends through holes (e.g., 726, 728) in the frame so that the moldable material is retained on the frame, contacts both the maxillary and mandibular molars, and provides cushioning during jaw impact. In this embodiment, the OAD 700 is designed to be retained on the wearer's mandibular molars, and therefore may be positioned below the frame 710 so that a larger portion of the moldable material may be molded around the wearer's mandibular molars.

[0086] The frame 710 includes frame connectors 716 that connect to each of the rear trays 712 and 714 and hold them substantially in place relative to one another. When the OAD 700 is positioned in the wearer's mouth, the frame connectors 716 are positioned behind the wearer's lower anterior and cuspid teeth. As can be seen in FIG. 18A , the connectors 716 are slightly elevated behind the anterior teeth, but are maintained anteriorly relative to the bite pads so that an alignment gap 730 can move the jaw into an orthopedic alignment position when the alignment member is positioned between the wearer's cuspid teeth and the moldable material is molded to the wearer's molars. In this embodiment, the connectors 716 include a set of hinges (720, 722) that allow the connectors to flex slightly so that the spacing between the right and left bite pads (on the rear trays 712, 714) can be increased or decreased to accommodate the lateral spacing of the wearer's right and left molars. The hinge in this embodiment provides indentations in connector 716 that reduce the thickness of the connector at these points, allowing the connector to flex at these points while the rest of the connector is stiffer and retains its shape.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 19 , an OAD 700 is shown with an alignment ring positioned within the alignment gap to illustrate its use during molding of the OAD to the wearer's teeth. When the wearer desires to mold the OAD, the moldable material is softened (e.g., by heating the material), the OAD is positioned in the wearer's mouth, and the alignment ring 780, along with the linear alignment member 782, is positioned within the alignment gap 730 extending between the wearer's canines. The wearer lightly bites down on the OAD 700 and alignment member 782. Contact between the wearer's canines and alignment member 782 urges the jaw toward a more optimized orthopedic alignment position, and the moldable material conforms to the molars with the jaw in its home position. The moldable material is allowed to harden / rigid with the jaw in its home position. The alignment ring 780 is then removed, and the OAD 700 is ready for use.

[0088] It should be noted that there may be many variations of the foregoing embodiments that fall within the scope of the following claims. For example, while the embodiment described above uses a single dowel-shaped alignment member, alternative embodiments may use alignment members having different shapes. For example, the cross section of the alignment member may be square instead of rounded, or may have some other shape. Furthermore, the alignment member may vary in diameter (or size, if the alignment member is not rounded). Additionally, multiple alignment members may be used instead of a single one. Many other variations are also possible within the scope of the present invention.

[0089] Benefits and advantages that may be provided by the present invention have been described above with respect to specific embodiments. These benefits and advantages, and any elements or limitations that may cause them or make them more pronounced, should not be construed as key, required, or essential features of any or all of the claims. As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof, are intended to be construed as non-exclusively including the elements or limitations that follow those terms. Thus, a system, method, or other embodiment comprising a set of elements is not limited to only those elements and may also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent in the claimed embodiment.

[0090] While the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it should be understood that the embodiments are illustrative and that the scope of the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements to the embodiments described above are possible. It is contemplated that these variations, modifications, additions, and improvements fall within the scope of the invention, as detailed in the following claims.

Claims

1. 1. A user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD), comprising: the user-customizable OAD includes a moldable mouthpiece for protecting the user from impacts to the user's jaw, the moldable mouthpiece adapted to be positioned in the user's mouth between the user's upper and lower teeth; the moldable mouthpiece includes at least a right section and a left section; the moldable mouthpiece includes a frame connecting the right and left sections, the frame including one or more living hinges that allow portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another, thereby allowing adjustment of the spacing between the right and left sections; each of the right and left sections having a moldable material adapted to be molded to the user's teeth and hardened into a shape that conforms to the user's teeth, and each of the right and left sections having an occlusal portion adapted to contact occlusal surfaces of the user's teeth; a moldable mouthpiece having alignment gaps formed therein, the alignment gaps being positioned away from a front of the moldable mouthpiece in an anterior-posterior direction and extending laterally in front of the left and right sections, the alignment gaps being open on left and right sides of the moldable mouthpiece and adapted to receive alignment members adapted to fit into the alignment gaps, and when the moldable mouthpiece is placed in the user's mouth with the occlusal portions of the left and right sections positioned between the user's maxillary molars and mandibular molars, the alignment gaps being positioned thereby to allow unobstructed positioning of the alignment members between the user's teeth with the alignment members extending laterally from between the user's left teeth to between the user's right teeth.

2. 2. The user-customizable OAD of claim 1, wherein when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth with the alignment member positioned within the alignment gap between the user's upper and lower teeth, the alignment member is adapted to enable contact pressure between the user's teeth and the alignment member to urge the jaw toward an orthopedic alignment position and to enable the right and left sections to be molded to the user's teeth within the orthopedic alignment position.

3. 2. The user-customizable OAD of claim 1, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a front section adapted to be positioned against the user's upper and lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth, and wherein the alignment gaps of the moldable mouthpiece are positioned between the front section and the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece.

4. A user-customizable OAD as described in claim 1, wherein the frame includes a right rear tray and a left rear tray adapted to hold the moldable material thereon, each of the right rear tray and left rear tray having a thickness of at least 2 mm to prevent the user's maxillary molars from being positioned closer than 2 mm from the user's mandibular molars.

5. 5. The user-customizable OAD of claim 4, wherein the moldable mouthpiece comprises a rear-only mouthpiece having a frame connector where the frame is connected between the right section and the left section of the frame, the frame connector configured to be positioned rearward relative to the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth.

6. 1. A user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD), comprising: The user-customizable OAD comprises a moldable mouthpiece for protecting the user from impacts to the user's jaw, the moldable mouthpiece adapted to be positioned in the user's mouth between the user's upper and lower teeth, the moldable mouthpiece including a frame having at least a right section and a left section, and a moldable material on each of the right and left sections, the moldable material adapted to be molded to the user's teeth and hardened into a shape that conforms to the user's teeth, each of the right and left sections having an occlusal portion where the moldable material is adapted to contact the occlusal surfaces of the user's teeth; A user-customizable OAD, wherein the frame has a floor and vertical walls extending upward from the floor, the frame includes one or more integral hinges that allow portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another, thereby allowing adjustment of the spacing between the right and left sections of the frame, and each integral hinge includes a narrowing location on the vertical wall that allows portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another at the narrowing location, thereby allowing adjustment of the spacing between the right and left sections of the frame.

7. 7. The user-customizable OAD of claim 6, wherein the moldable material on each of the right and left sections is adapted to be molded around the user's mandibular molars, and the frame includes a frame connector connected between the right and left sections of the frame, the frame connector configured to be positioned posteriorly relative to the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth.

8. A user-customizable OAD as described in claim 7, wherein one or more integral hinges are positioned within the frame connector.

9. 7. The user customizable OAD of claim 6, wherein the moldable mouthpiece has alignment gaps formed therein, the alignment gaps being positioned away from a front of the moldable mouthpiece in an anterior-posterior direction and extending laterally in front of the left and right sections, the alignment gaps being open on left and right sides of the moldable mouthpiece and adapted to receive alignment members adapted to fit into the alignment gaps, and when the moldable mouthpiece is placed in the user's mouth with the occlusal portions of the left and right sections positioned between the user's maxillary molars and mandibular molars, the alignment gaps allow unobstructed positioning of the alignment members between the user's teeth with the alignment members extending laterally from between the user's left teeth to between the user's right teeth.

10. 10. The user-customizable OAD of claim 9, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a front section adapted to be positioned against the user's upper and lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth, and wherein the alignment gaps of the moldable mouthpiece are positioned between the front section and the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece.

11. 7. The user-customizable OAD of claim 6, wherein the moldable mouthpiece comprises a rear-only mouthpiece having a frame connector where the frame is connected between the right section and the left section of the frame, the frame connector configured to be positioned rearward relative to the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth.

12. 7. The user-customizable OAD of claim 6, wherein the right and left sections comprise right and left posterior trays adapted to retain the moldable material thereon, each of the right and left posterior trays having a thickness of at least 2 mm, and the right and left posterior trays prevent the user's maxillary molars from being positioned closer than 2 mm from the user's mandibular molars.

13. 1. A method for forming a user-customizable orthopedic alignment device (OAD), the method comprising: A moldable mouthpiece for protecting a user from impacts to the jaw of the user is provided, the moldable mouthpiece having at least a right section and a left section, each of the right and left sections having a bite portion including a moldable material, the moldable mouthpiece having an alignment gap formed therein, the alignment gap being positioned away from a front of the moldable mouthpiece in a front-to-back direction and extending laterally in front of the left and right sections, the alignment gap being positioned at a front-to-back position of the moldable mouthpiece. open to a left and a right side, the alignment gap configured to receive an alignment member sized to extend through the alignment gap from the right side of the moldable mouthpiece to the left side of the moldable mouthpiece, the moldable mouthpiece including a frame connecting the right section and the left section, the frame including one or more living hinges that allow portions of the frame to pivot relative to one another, thereby allowing adjustment of the spacing between the right section and the left section; softening the moldable mouthpiece; placing the moldable mouthpiece in the user's mouth with the occlusal portions of the left and right sections positioned between the user's upper and lower molars; placing the alignment member within the alignment gap, the alignment member positioned within the alignment gap of the moldable mouthpiece in the user's mouth and extending laterally from between a plurality of left teeth of the user to between a plurality of right teeth of the user; lightly biting downward on the alignment members so that the alignment members contact the user's upper and lower teeth, wherein contact pressure between the user's teeth and the alignment members urges the jaw toward an orthopedic alignment position, and the biting portions of the right and left sections of the moldable mouthpiece are molded to the user's molar teeth; allowing the moldable mouthpiece to harden; and A method comprising:

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the frame includes a right rear tray and a left rear tray adapted to hold the moldable material thereon, each of the right rear tray and left rear tray having a thickness of at least 2 mm to prevent the user's maxillary molars from being positioned closer than 2 mm from the user's mandibular molars.

15. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the moldable mouthpiece further comprises a rear-only mouthpiece having a frame connector where the frame is connected between the right section and the left section of the frame, the method further comprising positioning the frame connector posteriorly against the user's lower front teeth when the moldable mouthpiece is positioned in the user's mouth.

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