Processing method, processing device, and processing program related to discharging and charging of storage battery

Abstract

To resist the processing method which calculates appropriately the available time from the object time of discharge of a storage battery, or charge in consideration of a temporal change of the internal resistance in discharge or charge, etc.SOLUTION: In an embodiment, provided is a processing method related to discharging and charging of a storage battery. In the processing method, by applying the deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, the state information indicating a state of the storage battery at a certain object time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and the operating condition of the storage battery in discharging or charging including a termination condition for terminating discharging or charging to a model of the storage battery, the arrival time from the object time until the state of the storage battery reaches a termination condition during discharging or charging is calculated as the available time of discharging or charging.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] An embodiment of the present invention relates to a processing method, a processing device, and a processing program related to discharging and charging a storage battery. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, storage batteries such as secondary batteries have been widely used. Furthermore, as a process related to the discharge and charging of storage batteries, a technique for calculating the available discharge or charge time, which corresponds to the time from a target time to a termination condition in the discharge or charge, has been developed. For example, in the case of discharging a storage battery, the available discharge time is calculated by dividing the remaining charge of the storage battery at the target time by the discharge current of the storage battery.

[0003] Here, when a storage battery is being discharged or charged, the storage battery's conditions, such as its temperature and SOC, change over time. Therefore, when a storage battery is being discharged or charged, its internal resistance changes over time in response to the changes over time in the storage battery's temperature, SOC, etc. It is necessary to appropriately calculate the available time for discharging or charging, taking into account the changes over time in the internal resistance, etc. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-45523 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-147827 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-92598 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-132655 [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Yoshihisa Inui and two others, "Study on Degradation and Voltage Response of Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Impedance and Electromotive Force Measurements", Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Vol. 136, No. 7, pp. 636-644, July 1, 2016 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a processing method, processing device, and processing program that appropriately calculate the available time from the time when a storage battery is to be discharged or charged, taking into account changes over time in internal resistance, etc., during discharge or charging. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In an embodiment, a processing method related to discharging and charging of a storage battery is provided. In the processing method, deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, status information indicating the state of the storage battery at a target time after the start of discharging or charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery for discharging or charging, including an end condition for terminating discharging or charging, are applied to a storage battery model, and the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the end condition for discharging or charging is calculated as the available time for discharging or charging. In calculating the available time, the SOC, voltage, and temperature of the storage battery are used as the time-dependent changes in parameters indicating the state of the storage battery after the target time. Pair of Calculate the changes over time since the time of the event. Discharge The calculation of the available time is based on the calculation results of the time-dependent changes in the parameters that indicate the state of the storage battery. The first time after the target time when one or more of the following conditions is met is when the voltage falls below the lower voltage threshold, the SOC falls below the lower SOC threshold, and the temperature rises above the temperature threshold. , is calculated as the time when the battery state reaches the termination condition. When calculating the time during which charging can be performed, the time at which the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated based on the results of calculating the changes over time in parameters indicating the state of the storage battery.The time at which the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated as the time at which the state of the storage battery first meets one or more of the following conditions after the target time: the voltage becomes equal to or exceeds an upper voltage threshold that is higher than a lower voltage threshold; the SOC becomes equal to or exceeds an upper SOC threshold that is higher than a lower SOC threshold; and the temperature becomes equal to or exceeds a temperature threshold. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a processing apparatus according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2]FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing the calculation process of the available time for discharging or charging, which is performed by the time calculation unit in the first embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a system in which the processing apparatus according to the second embodiment is used. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an example of processing carried out by a processor or the like of the processing device when discharging or charging the storage battery in the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] (First embodiment) First, a first embodiment will be described as an example of an embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a processing device 1 according to the first embodiment. The processing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 performs processing related to discharging and charging a storage battery. The processing device 1 also performs processing using a model (battery model) that simulates a storage battery. The storage battery simulated in the model is, for example, a secondary battery, and the storage battery may be formed from a single cell (single battery), or may be a battery module or cell block formed by electrically connecting a plurality of single cells. The storage battery may also be a battery string or a battery array in which a plurality of battery modules are electrically connected.

[0011] The processing device 1 includes a degradation information setting unit 11, a status information setting unit 12, an operating condition setting unit 13, a time calculation unit 15, and a data storage unit 16. In one example, the processing device 1 constitutes a computer and includes a processor and a storage medium. The processor includes any of a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a microcomputer, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and a digital signal processor (DSP). The storage medium may include a main storage device such as a memory, as well as an auxiliary storage device. Examples of the storage medium include a magnetic disk, an optical disk (CD-ROM, CD-R, DVD, etc.), a magneto-optical disk (MO, etc.), and a semiconductor memory. In this case, the processing device 1 may include only one processor and one storage medium, or multiple processors and storage media. In the processing device 1, the processor performs processing by executing a program stored in the storage medium. In the processing device 1, the time calculation unit 15 performs part of the processing performed by the processor, and the storage medium functions as the data storage unit 16.

[0012] The processing device 1 constituting the computer also includes a human interface (user interface). The human interface allows an operator or the like to input operations such as operation commands, and also notifies information by either a screen display or a voice, etc. In the example of FIG. 1, parts of the human interface function as a degradation information setting unit 11, a status information setting unit 12, and an operation condition setting unit 13. The human interface may be provided separately from the processing device 1.

[0013] In one example, the processing device 1 may be a cloud server configured in a cloud environment. The infrastructure of a cloud environment is configured by a virtual processor such as a virtual CPU and a cloud memory. Therefore, when the processing device 1 is a cloud server, a time calculation unit 15 performs part of the processing performed by the virtual processor, and the cloud memory functions as a data storage unit 16. Also, a human interface is provided separately from the cloud server, and part of the human interface functions as a degradation information setting unit 11, a state information setting unit 12, and an operation condition setting unit 13.

[0014] In one example, the processing device 1 includes a time calculation unit 15, but the data storage unit 16 may be provided in a computer separate from the processing device 1, or in a server in a cloud environment. Also, a program executed by the processor of the processing device 1 may be stored in a computer (server) connected via a network such as the Internet, or in a server in a cloud environment. In this case, the processor of the processing device 1 downloads the program via the network. The processing in the processing device 1 will be described in detail below.

[0015] In the deterioration information setting unit 11, deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery is set by an operation input by an operator or the like. The degree of deterioration of the storage battery is estimated or measured in advance before processing by the processing device 1 is performed, and the estimated or measured result of the degree of deterioration of the storage battery is set as deterioration information in the deterioration information setting unit 11. The deterioration information includes at least one of information on the battery capacity and information on the internal resistance of the storage battery. The information on the internal resistance of the storage battery indicates the relationship of the internal resistance to at least one of the SOC and temperature of the storage battery. In one example, the information on the internal resistance of the storage battery indicates the relationship of the internal resistance to the SOC for each of a plurality of temperatures that are different from each other. The time calculation unit 15 acquires the deterioration information set in the deterioration information setting unit 11 and performs processing using the deterioration information.

[0016] Here, for a storage battery, a lower limit voltage Vlow and an upper limit voltage Vup are specified for the voltage V between its terminals. In one example, the battery capacity of the storage battery is specified as the discharge capacity (amount of discharged charge) from a state in which the voltage V reaches the upper limit voltage Vup during charging under predetermined conditions until the voltage V reaches the lower limit voltage Vlow during discharging under predetermined conditions, or the charge capacity (amount of charged charge) from a state in which the voltage V reaches the lower limit voltage Vlow during discharging under predetermined conditions until the voltage V reaches the upper limit voltage Vup during charging under predetermined conditions. In another example, the battery capacity of the storage battery is specified as the capacity (amount of charge) until the open circuit voltage Vocv between its terminals changes from one of the upper limit voltage Vup and the lower limit voltage Vlow to the other.

[0017] In addition, for a storage battery, the state in which the voltage V or open-circuit voltage Vocv during discharge or charging under specified conditions reaches a lower limit voltage Vlow is defined as a state in which the SOC is 0 (0%), and the state in which the voltage V or open-circuit voltage Vocv during discharge or charging under specified conditions reaches an upper limit voltage Vup is defined as a state in which the SOC is 1 (100%). Therefore, the battery capacity of a storage battery corresponds to the capacity (charge amount) between the SOC of 0 and the SOC of 1. Furthermore, the SOC of a storage battery is the ratio of the remaining charge up to the SOC of 0 to the battery capacity. The remaining charge of a storage battery can be calculated using the initial value of the charge amount of the storage battery at the start of use and the time-integrated value of the current I flowing through the storage battery. As a storage battery deteriorates due to use, the battery capacity decreases compared to when the storage battery was first used. Furthermore, as a storage battery deteriorates, the internal resistance increases compared to when the storage battery was first used. Therefore, the degree of deterioration of the storage battery is indicated by information on the battery capacity and the internal resistance of the storage battery. Furthermore, when either the SOC (charge amount) or the temperature of the storage battery changes, the internal resistance of the storage battery changes. Therefore, the internal resistance of the storage battery changes in response to changes in the state of the storage battery.

[0018] Hereinafter, a method for estimating and / or measuring the degree of deterioration of a storage battery, including its battery capacity and internal resistance, will be described with reference to first to third examples. In the first example, a storage battery is discharged or charged, and changes over time (time history) of the current I and voltage V of the storage battery are measured while the battery is being discharged or charged. The internal state of the storage battery is then estimated using the measurement results of the changes over time of the current I and voltage V and data indicating the relationship between the internal state of the storage battery and the voltage V between the terminals of the storage battery. In this case, information regarding the internal resistance of the storage battery is estimated as information regarding the internal state. The data indicating the relationship between the internal state of the storage battery and the voltage V between the terminals of the storage battery may indicate, for example, an internal state parameter of the storage battery and an arithmetic expression for calculating the voltage V of the storage battery from the current I. In this case, a fitting calculation is performed using the measurement results of the changes over time of the current I and voltage V of the storage battery and an arithmetic expression for calculating the voltage V of the storage battery from the internal state parameter and the current I. In the fitting calculation, the values ​​of the internal state parameters are determined so that the difference between the calculation result of the voltage V using the arithmetic expression and the measurement result of the voltage V is as small as possible, and the internal state is estimated.

[0019] For example, a fitting calculation is performed using the measurement results of the changes in current I and voltage V over time while the storage battery is discharging, and the following equation (1) that calculates the voltage V of the storage battery from the internal state parameters and the current I. In equation (1), Ep(xp, ...) represents a function that calculates the open circuit potential of the positive electrode using internal state parameters related to the positive electrode, such as the internal state parameter xp, and En(xn, ...) represents a function that calculates the open circuit potential of the negative electrode using internal state parameters related to the negative electrode, such as the internal state parameter xn. Furthermore, equation (1) represents the internal resistance R of the storage battery, the voltage V between the terminals, and the current I. In the fitting calculation using equation (1) and the change in voltage V over time during discharge (the discharge curve of voltage V), the measurement results while the storage battery is discharging are used as the current I. In addition, in the fitting calculation, the values ​​of the internal state parameters including the internal state parameters xp, xn and the internal resistance R are determined so that the difference between the calculation result of the voltage V in equation (1) and the measurement result of the voltage V is as small as possible.

[0020] V=Ep(xp,…)-En(xn,…)-R·I (1)

[0021] Examples of internal state parameters related to the positive electrode, such as the internal state parameter xp, include the positive electrode mass (positive electrode capacity) and the initial charge amount of the positive electrode, while examples of internal state parameters related to the negative electrode, such as the internal state parameter xn, include the negative electrode mass (negative electrode capacity) and the initial charge amount of the negative electrode. These internal state parameters are defined in a manner similar to that described in Patent Document 2 (JP 2018-147827 A) and Patent Document 3 (JP 2020-92598 A). In one example of Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, etc., a fitting calculation is performed to estimate the internal state using measurement results of changes over time (time history) in the current I and voltage V while the storage battery is being charged, and an arithmetic equation that calculates the voltage V of the storage battery from the internal state parameter and the current I. In a first example, a fitting calculation may be performed in a manner similar to that described in Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, etc., to estimate the internal state parameter.

[0022] In a first example, the SOC is varied over time by discharging or charging. Then, the internal resistance of the storage battery is estimated for each of a plurality of mutually different SOCs by the fitting calculation described above, thereby estimating the relationship of the internal resistance of the storage battery to the SOC of the storage battery as information regarding the internal resistance of the storage battery. Furthermore, the storage battery is discharged or charged at a plurality of mutually different temperatures, and the relationship of the internal resistance of the storage battery to the SOC of the storage battery is estimated for each of the plurality of temperatures by the fitting calculation described above. As a result, the relationship of the internal resistance of the storage battery to each of the temperature and SOC of the storage battery is estimated as information regarding the internal resistance of the storage battery.

[0023] In the first example, the internal resistance of the storage battery may be estimated in a state where the internal resistance is separated into a plurality of resistance portions. Therefore, the information regarding the internal resistance may indicate the relationship of each of the plurality of resistance portions to at least one of the temperature and SOC of the storage battery. In an example disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the internal resistance is separated into three resistance portions: ohmic resistance, reaction resistance, and diffusion resistance, and the internal resistance is estimated in a state where the internal resistance is separated into the three resistance portions. In the first example, three resistance portions may be defined and the internal resistance may be separated into the three resistance portions, similar to the examples disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3.

[0024] In addition, in the first example, when the internal state including the internal resistance is estimated by the above-mentioned fitting calculation, the estimated internal state is used to estimate the battery characteristics of the storage battery including the battery capacity, open circuit voltage, etc. For example, when the internal state is estimated by the fitting calculation using the above-mentioned equation (1), the open circuit potentials of the positive and negative electrodes are calculated using the estimated internal parameters and the functions Ep(xp, ...), En(xn, ...) shown in equation (1). Then, the open circuit voltage of the storage battery is calculated based on the open circuit potentials of the positive and negative electrodes, and the relationship of the open circuit voltage Vocv to the SOC (charge amount) of the storage battery is estimated, such as an open circuit voltage curve.

[0025] When the battery capacity of the storage battery is defined based on the open-circuit voltage Vocv as described above, the battery capacity of the storage battery is estimated based on the relationship of the open-circuit voltage Vocv to the SOC of the storage battery. When the battery capacity of the storage battery is defined based on the voltage V during discharge or charge under predetermined conditions as described above, the battery capacity of the storage battery is estimated based on the relationship of the open-circuit voltage Vocv to the SOC of the storage battery, the current I of the storage battery during discharge or charge under predetermined conditions, and the estimated internal resistance, etc. In one example, Patent Documents 2 and 3, etc., the battery characteristics of the storage battery, including the battery capacity, are estimated based on the internal state estimated by fitting calculation. In a first example, the battery capacity may be estimated from the estimated internal state, similar to the examples in Patent Documents 2 and 3, etc.

[0026] In a second example, the battery capacity of a storage battery is determined as described above based on the voltage V during discharge or charge under predetermined conditions. Then, the discharge capacity (amount of discharged charge) during charging under the predetermined conditions, when the voltage V changes from the upper limit voltage Vup to the lower limit voltage Vlow, or the charge capacity (amount of charged charge) during charging under the predetermined conditions, when the voltage V changes from the lower limit voltage Vlow to the upper limit voltage Vup, is measured. As a result, the measurement result of the discharge capacity or charge capacity is calculated as the battery capacity.

[0027] In a third example, a current having a waveform such as an AC current waveform, in which the current value changes periodically, is passed through the storage battery. While a current having a waveform in which the current value changes periodically is passed through the storage battery, the time history (time history) of the current and voltage of the storage battery is measured. The frequency characteristics of the impedance (internal resistance) of the storage battery are calculated based on the measurement results of the time-varying changes in the current and voltage of the storage battery. In one example, the peak-to-peak value (fluctuation range) of the periodic change in the current of the storage battery is calculated based on the time-varying change in the current of the storage battery, and the peak-to-peak value (fluctuation range) of the periodic change in the voltage of the battery 5 is calculated based on the time-varying change in the voltage of the storage battery. The impedance of the storage battery is then calculated from the ratio of the peak-to-peak value of the voltage to the peak-to-peak value of the current. The frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery are measured by calculating the impedance of the storage battery as described above using a plurality of current waveforms with different frequencies.

[0028] In another example, a current having a current waveform of a reference frequency is passed through a storage battery, and the time-dependent changes in the current and voltage of the storage battery are measured. Then, the time-dependent changes in the current and voltage of the storage battery are subjected to a Fourier transform or the like to calculate the frequency spectra of the current and voltage of the storage battery as the frequency characteristics of the current and voltage of the storage battery. The calculated frequency spectra of the current and voltage of the storage battery include components at the reference frequency as well as integer multiples of the reference frequency. Then, based on the frequency characteristics of the current and voltage of the storage battery, an autocorrelation function of the time-dependent changes in the current of the storage battery and a cross-correlation function between the time-dependent changes in the current and the time-dependent changes in the voltage of the storage battery are calculated. The frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery are calculated using the autocorrelation function and the cross-correlation function. The frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery are calculated, for example, by dividing the cross-correlation function by the autocorrelation function.

[0029] As a measurement result of the frequency characteristics of the impedance of a storage battery, for example, a complex impedance plot (Cole-Cole plot) of the impedance is obtained. The complex impedance plot shows the impedance of the storage battery for each of a plurality of frequencies. The complex impedance plot also shows the real and imaginary components of the impedance of the storage battery for each of a plurality of frequencies. Note that a method for measuring the frequency characteristics of the impedance of a storage battery by passing a current through the storage battery with a current waveform whose current value changes periodically, and a complex impedance plot that is a measurement result of the frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery, are shown in Patent Document 4 (JP 2019-132655 A) and Non-Patent Document 1 (Yoshihisa Inui and two others, "Study on Degradation and Voltage Response of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Impedance and Electromotive Force Measurements," IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 136, No. 7, pp. 636-644, July 1, 2016). In a third example, the frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery may be measured in the same manner as in either Patent Document 4 or Non-Patent Document 1.

[0030] In a third example, the internal resistance of a storage battery is calculated using measurement results of the frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery and equivalent circuit data of the storage battery. In the equivalent circuit data, parameters related to the impedance of the storage battery are represented as circuit constants. The circuit constants represented by the equivalent circuit data include parameters related to the resistance component of the impedance of the storage battery, and may also include parameters related to the reactance component of the impedance of the storage battery.

[0031] In a third example, the internal resistance of a storage battery is calculated using data related to the equivalent circuit data, which data indicates the relationship between the impedance of the storage battery and each of the frequency and the circuit constants of the equivalent circuit data. The data indicating the relationship between the impedance of the storage battery and each of the frequency and the circuit constants of the equivalent circuit data may indicate, for example, an arithmetic expression for calculating the real and imaginary components of the impedance from the frequency and the circuit constants. In this case, a fitting calculation is performed using the measurement results of the frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery and the arithmetic expression for calculating the real and imaginary components of the impedance from the frequency and the circuit constants.

[0032] In the fitting calculation, the values ​​of the circuit constants are determined so that the difference between the calculation result of the real component of the impedance using the arithmetic equation and the measurement result of the real component of the impedance, and the difference between the calculation result of the imaginary component of the impedance using the arithmetic equation and the measurement result of the imaginary component of the impedance, are minimized within the frequency range in which the impedance is measured. Information regarding the internal resistance of the storage battery is then calculated using the circuit constants calculated by the fitting calculation. In one example, multiple circuit constants may be set in the equivalent circuit data, and the information regarding the internal resistance may indicate the relationship of each of the multiple circuit constants to at least one of the temperature and SOC of the storage battery.

[0033] Non-Patent Document 1 shows an example of equivalent circuit data in which circuit constants are defined. In one example of Non-Patent Document 1, a fitting calculation is performed using an arithmetic expression that calculates the real and imaginary components of the impedance from the measurement results of the frequency characteristics of the impedance of the storage battery and the circuit constants of the frequency and equivalent circuit data, to calculate the circuit constants (internal resistance). In a third example, a fitting calculation may be performed in the same manner as the example of Non-Patent Document 1, etc., to calculate the circuit constants (internal resistance) of the equivalent circuit data.

[0034] In a third example, for a plurality of states in which at least one of the SOC and temperature of the storage battery differs from one another, the circuit constants of the equivalent circuit data are calculated by the fitting calculation described above, and the internal resistance of the storage battery is estimated. As a result, the relationship between the internal resistance of the storage battery and at least one of the SOC and temperature of the storage battery is estimated as information regarding the internal resistance of the storage battery.

[0035] Alternatively, after estimating the internal resistance of the storage battery in the same manner as in the third example, the internal state of the storage battery may be estimated by a fitting calculation in the same manner as in the first example. In this case, fitting calculation is performed using information on the internal resistance estimated in the same manner as in the third example, in addition to measurement results on the changes over time (time history) of the current I and voltage V while the storage battery is being discharged or charged, and an arithmetic formula for calculating the voltage V of the storage battery from the internal state parameters and the current I, to estimate internal state parameters other than the internal resistance. Then, in the same manner as in the first example, the battery capacity of the storage battery is estimated based on the estimated internal state.

[0036] In the state information setting unit 12, state information indicating the state of the storage battery at the target time is set by an operation input by an operator or the like. The state information includes the SOC and temperature of the storage battery at the target time. The temperature of the storage battery may be the temperature of the storage battery itself, or may be the ambient temperature of the environment in which the storage battery is placed. The SOC and temperature of the storage battery are parameters indicating the state of the storage battery. The time calculation unit 15 acquires the state information set in the state information setting unit 12 and performs processing using the state information. For this reason, the time calculation unit 15 acquires the setting values ​​set in the state information setting unit 12 for the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery at the target time, including the SOC and temperature of the storage battery at the target time.

[0037] Here, the time calculation unit 15 performs processing to simulate changes over time in the state of the storage battery during discharging or charging. The state of the storage battery at the target time set by the state information setting unit 12 becomes the initial value in the simulation of the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery. That is, the SOC of the storage battery at the target time included in the state information becomes the initial value of the SOC of the storage battery in the simulation, and the temperature of the storage battery at the target time included in the state information becomes the initial value of the temperature of the storage battery in the simulation.

[0038] Furthermore, the processing of the time calculation unit 15 may simulate discharging or charging being performed in real time in the storage battery, or may simulate discharging or charging that is not actually being performed in the storage battery. In the simulation, the target time at which the SOC, temperature, etc. of the storage battery are set in the state information is set to a point in time after the start of discharging or charging. In one example, the start of discharging or charging is set as the target time, and in another example, a point in time between the start and end of discharging or charging is set as the target time.

[0039] The operation condition setting unit 13 sets the operation conditions of the storage battery for the simulated discharge or charge. The operation conditions include conditions for the current or power of the storage battery for the discharge or charge. For example, when simulating discharge, any of the following is set as the operation conditions for discharge: a discharge rate, a discharge pattern, a current value of the current output from the storage battery, a power value of the power output from the storage battery, etc. Furthermore, when simulating charge, any of the following is set as the operation conditions for charge: a charge rate, a charge pattern, a current value of the current input to the storage battery, a power value of the power input to the storage battery, etc.

[0040] The operating conditions also include a termination condition for terminating the simulated discharge or charge. The termination condition sets thresholds as a criterion for terminating discharge or charge for one or more parameters indicating the state of the storage battery. The criterion for the state of the storage battery reaching the termination condition is specified as the fact that one or more of the parameters for which thresholds are set reach the threshold. In one example, thresholds as a criterion for terminating discharge or charge are set for each of the voltage V, SOC (state of charge) η, and temperature T of the storage battery. The criterion for the state of the storage battery reaching the termination condition is specified as the fact that one or more of the voltage V, SOC η, and temperature T reach the threshold. Note that, in the target time described above, none of the parameters for which thresholds are set reach their thresholds, and the state of the storage battery does not reach the termination condition.

[0041] For example, when simulating discharge, a threshold value Vthlow for voltage V, a threshold value ηthlow for SOCη, and a threshold value Tth for temperature T are set. The threshold value Vthlow may be the same as the lower limit voltage Vlow described above, or may be higher than the lower limit voltage Vlow. The threshold value ηthlow may be 0 (0%) or a value higher than 0, such as 0.1 (10%). The criterion for determining whether the state of the storage battery meets the termination condition for terminating discharge is that one or more of the following conditions is satisfied: the voltage V is equal to or lower than the threshold value Vthlow, the SOCη is equal to or lower than the threshold value ηthlow, and the temperature T is equal to or higher than the threshold value Tth.

[0042] When simulating charging, a threshold value Vthup for voltage V, a threshold value ηthup for SOCη, and a threshold value Tth for temperature T are set. The threshold value Vthup is higher than the threshold value Vthlow for discharging, and the threshold value ηthup is higher than the threshold value ηthlow for discharging. The threshold value Vthup may be the same as the upper limit voltage Vup described above, or may be lower than the upper limit voltage Vup. The threshold value ηthup may be 1 (100%) or a value lower than 1, such as 0.9 (90%). The threshold value Tth is the same as the threshold value Tth for discharging. The criterion for determining whether the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition for terminating charging is that one or more of the following conditions is satisfied: the voltage V is equal to or higher than the threshold value Vthup, the SOCη is equal to or higher than the threshold value ηthup, and the temperature T is equal to or higher than the threshold value Tth.

[0043] The time calculation unit 15 acquires the operating conditions set by the operating condition setting unit 13 and performs processing using the operating conditions. To this end, the time calculation unit 15 acquires setting values ​​set as conditions for the current or power of the storage battery in the discharge or charge to be simulated. The time calculation unit 15 also acquires termination conditions set as conditions for terminating the discharge or charge to be simulated.

[0044] The data storage unit 16 stores a simulated storage battery model and data related to the model. The time calculation unit 15 applies the degradation information, state information, and operating conditions set as described above to the storage battery model to simulate discharging or charging. In the simulation, the time calculation unit 15 calculates the available time for discharging or charging from a target time. In the process of calculating the available time, the time calculation unit 15 calculates the changes over time in parameters indicating the state of the storage battery after the target time in the simulated discharging or charging. For example, the changes over time after the target time in each of the storage battery's SOC (charge amount), voltage, and temperature are calculated.

[0045] In calculating the change over time after a target time in parameters indicating the state of the storage battery, a predetermined sampling period Ys is specified, and parameters indicating the state of the storage battery are calculated for each sampling period Ys. Therefore, from the target time until the end of the simulated discharge or charge, the SOC (charge amount), voltage, temperature, etc. of the storage battery are calculated for each sampling period Ys. Here, the target time is defined as time t(0), and time t(n) indicating the elapsed time from the target time is specified. n is a natural number, and time t(n) corresponds to n times the sampling period Ys. In calculating the change over time after a target time in parameters indicating the state of the storage battery, parameters indicating the state of the storage battery at time t(n) are calculated sequentially starting from time t(1).

[0046] To calculate the SOC of the storage battery at time t(n), the SOC of the storage battery at time t(n-1), which is the sampling period Ys before time t(n), and the time-integrated value of the current I flowing through the storage battery from time t(n-1) are used. The current I is specified based on the conditions for the current or power of the storage battery during discharge or charge, which are included in the operating conditions, so it is possible to calculate the time-integrated value of the current I during simulated discharge or charge. In addition, the SOC at time t(1), which is the target time and which is the sampling period Ys after time t(0), is calculated using the SOC of the storage battery at the target time, which is included in the status information.

[0047] Then, the remaining charge of the storage battery at time t(n) is calculated based on the time-integrated value of the SOC of the storage battery and the current I at time t(n-1). The SOC η is the ratio of the remaining charge to the battery capacity M. The SOC of the storage battery at time t(n) is calculated using the battery capacity M included in the deterioration information and the remaining charge at time t(n) calculated as described above. The storage battery model includes data indicating the relationship of the SOC η to the battery capacity M, such as a function η(M) that calculates the SOC η from the battery capacity M. As described above, the SOC η of the storage battery is calculated for each sampling period Ys from the target time, thereby calculating the change over time in the SOC η of the storage battery after the target time.

[0048] Furthermore, the temperature of the battery at time t(n) is calculated using the temperature of the battery at time t(n-1) and the time change rate of the temperature of the battery at time t(n-1). The time change rate of the temperature is calculated by calculating the Joule heat generated in the battery at time t(n-1). The Joule heat is calculated using, for example, the current I and internal resistance R of the battery, and I 2 ·R is the calculated value of Joule heat. Here, the current I is determined based on the conditions for the current or power of the storage battery during discharge or charge, which are included in the operating conditions, as described above.

[0049] Furthermore, the time calculation unit 15 acquires, as degradation information, information indicating the relationship of the internal resistance R of the storage battery to at least one of the temperature T and SOC η of the storage battery. For example, as information indicating the relationship of the internal resistance R of the storage battery to each of the temperature T and SOC η, the time calculation unit 15 acquires a function R(η, T) that calculates the internal resistance R using the SOC η and the temperature T. To calculate the Joule heat generated at time t(n-1), the internal resistance at time t(n-1) is calculated using the SOC and temperature at time t(n-1) and the function R(η, T). To calculate the temperature at time t(1), which is the target time after the sampling period Ys has elapsed since the target time t(0), it is necessary to calculate the temperature of the storage battery at the target time (time t(0)) and the Joule heat generated at the target time. At this time, the SOC and temperature of the storage battery at the target time, which are included in the status information, are used.

[0050] The storage battery model shows the relationship between the Joule heat generated in the storage battery and the time rate of change of temperature. The time calculation unit 15 calculates the time rate of change of temperature at time t(n-1) using the Joule heat at time t(n-1) and the relationship between the Joule heat and the time rate of change of temperature. The time calculation unit 15 then calculates the temperature of the storage battery at time t(n) based on the temperature of the storage battery at time t(n-1) and the time rate of change of the temperature. In one example, the time rate of change of temperature at time t(n-1) is multiplied by the sampling period Ys, and the product of the time rate of change and the sampling period is added to the temperature at time t(n-1), thereby calculating the temperature at time t(n). As described above, the temperature T of the storage battery is calculated for each sampling period Ys from the target time, thereby calculating the change in the temperature T of the storage battery over time after the target time.

[0051] The storage battery model also includes data indicating the relationship of the voltage V between the terminals of the storage battery to at least one of the SOC η and temperature T of the storage battery. The calculation of the voltage of the storage battery at time t(n) is performed using the data indicating the relationship of the voltage V between the terminals of the storage battery to at least one of the SOC η and temperature T of the storage battery. In one example, a simulation of discharge is performed, and the storage battery model includes the following equation (2) that calculates the voltage V during discharge from the SOC η and temperature T. Then, the voltage at time t(n) is calculated using equation (2).

[0052] V=Vocv(η(M),T)-R(η(M),T)·I (2)

[0053] In equation (2), Vocv(η(M),T) is a function that calculates the open circuit voltage Vocv using SOCη(M) and temperature T, and R(η(M),T) is a function that calculates the internal resistance R using SOCη(M) and temperature T. As described above, the function R(η(M),T) is information that indicates the relationship between the internal resistance of the storage battery and the temperature and SOC of the storage battery, respectively, and is acquired by the time calculation unit 15 as deterioration information. Furthermore, in equation (2), SOCη is expressed as a function η(M) calculated using battery capacity M, and current I is indicated.

[0054] To calculate the voltage at time t(n), the calculated values ​​for the SOC and temperature at time t(n) are substituted into equation (2). The SOC and temperature at time t(n) are calculated using the method described above. In addition, a value based on the conditions for the battery current or power during discharge, which is included in the operating conditions, is substituted into equation (2) as the current I. Therefore, equation (2) is used to calculate the voltage of the battery at time t(n). As described above, by calculating the voltage V of the battery for each sampling period Ys from the target time, the change over time in the voltage V of the battery after the target time is calculated.

[0055] In one example of Non-Patent Document 1, the circuit constants of the aforementioned equivalent circuit data are defined as parameters related to the impedance (internal resistance) of the storage battery, and the voltage between the terminals of the storage battery during discharge is calculated using the open circuit voltage (electromotive force) and circuit constants of the storage battery. In this embodiment, similar to the example of Non-Patent Document 1, the voltage at time t(n) may be calculated using the open circuit voltage Vocv and circuit constants. In this case, the storage battery model includes information related to the aforementioned equivalent circuit data and circuit constants, and the storage battery model indicates a function for calculating the open circuit voltage Vocv using the SOCη and temperature T. Furthermore, the time calculation unit 15 acquires, as deterioration information, the relationship between each of the multiple circuit constants and the temperature T and SOCη of the storage battery. The voltage at time t(n) is calculated using the calculated values ​​of the SOC and temperature at time t(n), and also using a value based on the conditions for the current or power of the storage battery during discharge as the current I.

[0056] Furthermore, when a storage battery is discharged, a voltage drop occurs due to the overvoltage caused by internal resistance. For this reason, in a simulation of discharging, the terminal voltage V is calculated by subtracting a term corresponding to the overvoltage caused by internal resistance, such as the term R(η(M),T)·I in equation (2), from the open-circuit voltage Vocv. In contrast, when a storage battery is charged, a voltage increase occurs due to the overvoltage caused by internal resistance. For this reason, in a simulation of charging, the terminal voltage V is calculated by adding a term corresponding to the overvoltage caused by internal resistance to the open-circuit voltage Vocv. Therefore, when simulating charging, it is also possible to calculate the battery voltage V for each sampling period Ys from the target time, and to calculate the change in voltage V over time.

[0057] Furthermore, the time calculation unit 15 calculates the time point at which the state of the storage battery reaches a termination condition in the simulated discharge or charge, based on the time-dependent changes in the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery calculated as described above after the target time. In one example, as described above, thresholds are set for each of the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T in the termination condition, and the reaching of one or more of the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T to the threshold is set as the criterion for the state of the storage battery reaching the termination condition. In this case, the time calculation unit 15 determines whether one or more of the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T have reached their thresholds based on the time-dependent changes in the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T after the target time. The above-described determination based on the thresholds set in the termination condition is performed after the target time, for example, at every sampling period Ys described above.

[0058] Furthermore, the time calculation unit 15 calculates the changes over time in the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T after the target time in the manner described above until one or more of the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T reach a threshold. That is, for a period during which none of the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T reach a threshold, the time calculation unit 15 assumes that discharging or charging is continuing and calculates the changes over time in the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T. The time when one or more of the voltage V, SOCη, and temperature T reach a threshold for the first time after the target time is calculated as the time when the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition.

[0059] For example, as described above, it is assumed that the termination conditions for discharge are set to a threshold value Vthlow for voltage V, a threshold value ηthlow for SOCη, and a threshold value Tth for temperature T. In this case, the time when the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated as the time when one or more of the following conditions are first satisfied after the target time: voltage V becomes equal to or lower than threshold value Vthlow, SOCη becomes equal to or lower than threshold value ηthlow, and temperature T becomes equal to or higher than threshold value Tth.

[0060] Then, the time calculation unit 15 calculates the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition in discharging or charging as the available time for discharging or charging from the target time. In one example, the above-mentioned determination as to whether the state of the storage battery has reached the termination condition is performed every sampling period Ys, and the time t(n) that is n times the sampling period Ys has elapsed from the target time is calculated as the time at which the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition. In this case, the time t(n) indicating the elapsed time from the target time is calculated as the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition in discharging or charging, and is calculated as the available time for discharging or charging from the target time.

[0061] FIG. 2 shows the calculation process (S100) of the available time for discharging or charging, which is performed by the time calculation unit 15 in this embodiment. The process of FIG. 2 is performed by the time calculation unit 15 each time a single simulation of discharging or charging is performed. When the process of FIG. 2 starts, the time calculation unit 15 acquires the deterioration information set by the deterioration information setting unit 11, the state information set by the state information setting unit 12, and the operation conditions set by the operation condition setting unit 13 (S101). Then, the time calculation unit 15 reads out a model of the storage battery from the data storage unit 16 and applies the acquired deterioration information to the model (S102). Then, the time calculation unit 15 sets the acquired state information as the state of the storage battery at the target time (time t(0)) (S103). As a result, the temperature T, SOCη, etc. included in the state information are set as the temperature, SOC, etc. of the storage battery at the target time.

[0062] Furthermore, the time calculation unit 15 defines the target time as time t(0) and defines time t(n) indicating the elapsed time from the target time as described above. Then, the time calculation unit 15 sets the value indicating time t(0) to 0 and sets n in time t(n) to 1 (S104). After performing the settings in S104, the time calculation unit 15 adds the sampling period Ys to the value indicating time t(n-1) to calculate a value indicating time t(n) (S105). In the first processing of S105, a value multiplied by 1 of the sampling period Ys is calculated as the value indicating time t(1), and in the kth processing of S105, a value multiplied by k of the sampling period Ys is calculated as the value indicating time t(k). Then, the time calculation unit 15 calculates the state of the storage battery at time t(n) (S106). At this time, parameters indicating the state of the storage battery at time t(n) are calculated as described above, and the SOC (charge amount), temperature, voltage, etc. of the storage battery at time t(n) are calculated as described above.

[0063] Then, the time calculation unit 15 determines whether the state of the storage battery has reached the termination condition based on the calculated state of the storage battery at time t(n) (S107). The determination of whether the state of the storage battery has reached the termination condition is performed as described above. If the state of the storage battery has not reached the termination condition (S107-No), the time calculation unit 15 updates the state of the storage battery to the calculated state of the storage battery at time t(n) (S108). That is, the SOC η, temperature T, voltage V, etc. of the storage battery are updated to the SOC, temperature, voltage, etc. at time t(n). Then, the time calculation unit 15 increments n by 1 (S109). Then, the process returns to S105, and the time calculation unit 15 sequentially performs the processes from S105 onwards. Therefore, the processes of S105 to S109 are repeatedly performed for each sampling period Ys until the state of the storage battery at time t(n) reaches the termination condition.

[0064] In the first process of S108, the state of the storage battery is updated to the state of the storage battery at time t(1), and in the first process of S109, n is changed from 1 to 2. In the kth process of S108, the state of the storage battery is updated to the state of the storage battery at time t(k), and in the kth process of S109, n is changed from k to k+1. In addition, if the state of the storage battery at time t(n) has reached the termination condition (S107-Yes), the time calculation unit 15 calculates time t(n) as the available time from the target time of discharging or charging (S110). That is, the time from the target time (time t(0)) until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated as the available time. In addition, if the state of the storage battery has reached the termination condition in the first determination process of S107, time t(1) is calculated as the available time, and if the state of the storage battery has reached the termination condition in the kth determination process of S107, time t(k) is calculated as the available time.

[0065] The time calculation unit 15 outputs the available time for discharging or charging from the target time calculated as described above. The time calculation unit 15 may also notify the calculated available time. In this case, the available time is notified by a human interface of the processing device 1 or a human interface provided separately from the processing device 1. The available time is notified, for example, by a screen display, a voice, or the like.

[0066] In this embodiment, as described above, the deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, the state information indicating the state of the storage battery at a target time after the start of discharging or charging, and the operating conditions of the storage battery for discharging or charging, including the termination condition for terminating discharging or charging, are applied to a storage battery model to simulate discharging or charging. Therefore, the simulation calculates changes over time in parameters indicating the state of the storage battery, such as the SOC, temperature, and voltage of the storage battery. Then, based on the calculation results of the changes over time in the state of the storage battery, the arrival time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition during discharging or charging is calculated, and the calculated arrival time is the available time for discharging or charging.

[0067] Here, when the storage battery is being discharged or charged, the storage battery's state, such as its temperature and SOC, changes over time. Therefore, when the storage battery is being discharged or charged, the internal resistance changes over time in response to the changes over time in the storage battery's temperature, SOC, and other parameters. In this embodiment, the changes over time in parameters indicating the storage battery's state, such as the SOC, temperature, and voltage, are calculated as described above, and the available time is calculated taking into account the changes over time in the internal resistance and other parameters during discharge or charging. For example, in a discharge simulation, the change over time in the voltage drop caused by the internal resistance is properly calculated. Therefore, the available time from the time when the storage battery is to be discharged or charged is properly calculated.

[0068] In this embodiment, deterioration information about the storage battery is estimated in advance before the process of calculating the remaining charge time is performed. Then, the relationship between the battery capacity and / or the internal resistance of the storage battery relative to at least one of the SOC and temperature of the storage battery is applied to the storage battery model as deterioration information. Here, when the battery capacity decreases due to deterioration of the storage battery, the amount of energy stored in the storage battery decreases, shortening the time required to reach the termination condition for each of discharging and current collection. Furthermore, when the internal resistance increases due to deterioration of the storage battery, the voltage drop caused by the internal resistance increases during discharge. Therefore, the time required to reach the termination condition during discharge decreases. In this embodiment, because the deterioration information is applied to the storage battery model as described above, the remaining charge time for discharging or charging is calculated taking into account changes in battery capacity and / or changes in internal resistance caused by deterioration. Therefore, the remaining charge time from the time when the storage battery is to be discharged or charged can be calculated with greater accuracy.

[0069] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the available discharge or charge time is appropriately calculated as described above, it is possible to appropriately select a load to which power is supplied from the storage battery when actually discharging the storage battery, etc. Furthermore, since the available discharge or charge time is appropriately calculated, the calculated available discharge or charge time is also effectively used in maintaining the storage battery. Furthermore, the operating conditions and deterioration information, etc. are set using a human interface, etc. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the available discharge or charge time for each of a large number of patterns in which at least one of the deterioration state and the operating conditions differ from each other without previously compiling a database.

[0070] (Second embodiment) Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the following modifications are made to the first embodiment. In the following description, the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be omitted. FIG. 3 shows a system in which a processing device 1 according to this embodiment is used. The system includes the processing device 1 and a power storage device 3. The power storage device 3 includes a storage battery 30, and in the example shown in FIG. 3, the storage battery 30 is composed of a plurality of battery modules 31. In the storage battery 30, the plurality of battery modules 31 are, for example, electrically connected in series.

[0071] The energy storage device 3 also includes CMUs (cell monitoring units) 32 in the same number as the battery modules 31, and BMUs (battery management units) 33. Each CMU 32 measures the voltage, temperature, etc. of a corresponding one of the battery modules 31. The BMU 33 receives measurement results of the voltage, temperature, etc. of each of the battery modules 31 from the corresponding one of the CMUs 32, and measures the current flowing through the battery module 31 (storage battery 30). The BMU 33 monitors and controls the voltage and temperature of each of the battery modules 31 and the current flowing through the storage battery 30. The BMU 33 also calculates the SOC and degradation information, etc. of the storage battery 30 based on the measurement results of the current, voltage, temperature, etc. The calculation of the SOC and degradation information is performed as described above in the first embodiment, etc.

[0072] The power storage device 3 includes a measurement circuit and a processing circuit. The processing circuit of the power storage device 3 includes a processor, a storage medium, and the like. The power storage device 3 may include only one measurement circuit and one processing circuit, or may include multiple measurement circuits. In the power storage device 3, the processing of each of the CMUs 32 and the BMU 33 is performed by the measurement circuit and the processing circuit. Calculation of the SOC and degradation information of the storage battery 30 does not necessarily have to be performed by the BMU 33, but may be performed by a processing device higher than the BMU 33, such as the processing device 1 or a processing device other than the processing device 1 and the power storage device 3. In one example, the power storage device 3 is an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). The power storage device 3 may be a power supply device mounted on a vehicle, a stationary power supply device, or a power supply device mounted on a robot, a drone, or the like.

[0073] In this embodiment, the processing device 1 also includes an operation condition setting unit 13, a time calculation unit 15, and a data storage unit 16. However, in this embodiment, the processing device 1 includes a deterioration information receiving unit 21 instead of the deterioration information setting unit 11, and a status information receiving unit 22 instead of the status information setting unit 12. The deterioration information receiving unit 21 and the status information receiving unit 22 are configured from an interface of the processing device 1, etc. In the example of FIG. 3 , the deterioration information calculated by the BMU 33 of the power storage device 3 is received by the deterioration information receiving unit 21 of the processing device 1, and the time calculation unit 15 acquires the deterioration information received by the deterioration information receiving unit 21.

[0074] Furthermore, the state information receiving unit 22 receives the temperature and SOC of the storage battery 30 measured and calculated by the CMU 32, BMU 33, etc. of the power storage device 3 as the temperature and SOC of the storage battery 30 at the target time. Then, the time calculation unit 15 acquires the temperature and SOC of the storage battery 30 at the target time received by the state information receiving unit 22 as state information. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 3 , the time calculation unit 15 acquires measurement values ​​measured by the power storage device 3 for parameters indicating the state of the storage battery at the target time, including the SOC and temperature of the storage battery at the target time. Note that in one example, the processing device 1 receives measurement results of the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the storage battery 30 from the power storage device 3. Then, based on the received measurement results, a processor, etc. of the processing device 1 calculates the SOC, deterioration information, etc. of the storage battery 30.

[0075] In this embodiment, the time calculation unit 15 performs processing similarly to the above-described embodiment based on the acquired degradation information, status information, and operating conditions. Therefore, in this embodiment, the available time for discharging or charging is calculated similarly to the above-described embodiment. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the real-time state of the storage battery 30, including the real-time SOC and temperature of the storage battery 30, is measured. Therefore, the processing device 1 can perform the above-described simulation using the real-time state of the storage battery 30 as status information, i.e., by regarding the real-time state of the storage battery 30 as the state of the storage battery 30 at the target time. Therefore, by regarding the real-time state of the storage battery 30 as the state of the storage battery 30 at the target time, the available time for discharging or charging from the target time can be calculated.

[0076] FIG. 4 shows an example of processing performed by the processor of the processing device 1 when discharging or charging the storage battery 30 in this embodiment. When the processing of FIG. 4 starts, the processor of the processing device 1 determines whether discharging or charging of the storage battery 30 has started (S111). If discharging or charging has not started (S111-No), the processing returns to S111. Therefore, the processing waits in S111 until discharging or charging of the storage battery 30 starts. On the other hand, if discharging or charging has started (S111-Yes), the time calculation unit 15 performs the above-mentioned calculation processing (S100) of the available time for discharging or charging. At this time, the calculation processing is performed assuming that the real-time state of the storage battery 30 is the state of the storage battery 30 at the target time, and the available time is calculated using the current time as the target time.

[0077] When the available time for discharging or charging is calculated by the available time calculation process, the processor of the processing device 1 determines whether the discharging or charging being performed in real time has finished (S112). If the discharging or charging has finished (S112-Yes), the process ends. On the other hand, if the discharging or charging has not finished (S112-No), the available time is updated to the calculation result of the most recently performed available time calculation process (S113). Then, the process returns to S100, and the processor of the processing device 1 sequentially performs the processes from S100 onwards. When the available time calculation process is to be performed again, the time calculation unit 15 again acquires the real-time state (SOC, temperature, etc.) of the storage battery 30, and calculates the available time for discharging or charging using the real-time state of the storage battery 30 as the state of the storage battery 30 at the target time.

[0078] By performing the process of FIG. 4, while the storage battery 30 is being discharged or charged, the calculation process of the available discharge or charge time is periodically repeated. Therefore, the calculation of the available discharge or charge time from a target time, which is the current time, is periodically repeated. Furthermore, in this embodiment, while discharging or charging is being performed, each time the calculation process of the available time is performed, the available time is updated to the calculation result of the most recently performed calculation process of the available time. Therefore, while the storage battery 30 is being discharged or charged, the available discharge or charge time is successively updated in response to changes in the state of the storage battery 30. Therefore, the available discharge or charge time is calculated with even greater accuracy.

[0079] In at least one of the above-described embodiments or examples, the deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, the state information indicating the state of the storage battery at a target time after the start of discharging or charging, and the operating conditions of the storage battery for discharging or charging, including the termination condition for terminating discharging or charging, are applied to a storage battery model, and the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition during discharging or charging is calculated as the available time for discharging or charging. This makes it possible to provide a processing method, processing device, and processing program that appropriately calculate the available time for discharging or charging of the storage battery from the target time, taking into account changes over time in internal resistance, etc. during discharging or charging.

[0080] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as defined in the claims. The following are additional notes. [1] A processing method relating to the discharge and charging of a storage battery, and applying, to a model of the storage battery, deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, state information indicating the state of the storage battery at a certain target time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging, including a termination condition for terminating the discharging or the charging, to the model of the storage battery, the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition in the discharging or the charging is calculated as the possible time for the discharging or the charging. Processing method. [2] The processing method of [1], wherein in calculating the available time, the relationship between the battery capacity of the storage battery and / or the internal resistance of the storage battery relative to at least one of the SOC and temperature of the storage battery is applied to the model of the storage battery as the deterioration information. [3] In calculating the feasible time, applying a set value set as a condition for the current or power of the storage battery during the discharging or charging to the model of the storage battery as the operating condition; Applying set values ​​or measured values ​​measured on the storage battery as the SOC and temperature of the storage battery at the target time included in the state information to the model of the storage battery; Processing method [1] or [2]. [4] In calculating the feasible time, calculating a change over time in any one of a SOC, a voltage, and a temperature of the storage battery after the target time as a change over time in the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery after the target time; calculating a time point at which the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition based on a calculation result of the change over time of the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery; Any one of the processing methods [1] to [3]. [5] In a state where the storage battery is being discharged or charged, the calculation of the available time is periodically repeated, with the current time being the target time; updating the available time to the calculated value each time the available time is calculated; The processing method according to any one of [1] to [4], further comprising: [6] Any one of the processing methods [1] to [5], further comprising notifying the calculated possible execution time. [7] A processing device related to discharging and charging a storage battery, a processor that applies, to a model of the storage battery, degradation information indicating the degree of degradation of the storage battery, status information indicating the state of the storage battery at a certain target time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging, including a termination condition for terminating the discharging or the charging, to calculate, as an executable time for the discharging or the charging, a time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition in the discharging or the charging; Processing equipment. [8] A processing program related to discharging and charging a storage battery, which is installed in a computer: By applying, to a model of the storage battery, deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, state information indicating the state of the storage battery at a certain target time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging, including a termination condition for terminating the discharging or the charging, the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging reaches the termination condition is calculated as the possible time for the discharging or the charging. Processing program. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] 1...processing device, 3...storage device, 11...deterioration information setting unit, 12...status information setting unit, 13...operation condition setting unit, 15...time calculation unit, 16...data storage unit, 30...storage battery, 31...battery module, 32...CMU, 33...BMU

Claims

1. 1. A method of processing related to discharging and charging a storage battery, comprising: and applying, to a model of the storage battery, degradation information indicating a degree of degradation of the storage battery, state information indicating a state of the storage battery at a certain target time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging, including a termination condition for terminating the discharging or the charging, to calculate, as an executable time for the discharging or the charging, a time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition in the discharging or the charging; In calculating the available time, changes over time in an SOC, a voltage, and a temperature of the storage battery are calculated as changes over time in the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery after the target time; In calculating the available time for discharging, based on a calculation result of a change over time in the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery, a time point at which one or more of the following conditions is first satisfied after the target time: the voltage is equal to or lower than a lower voltage threshold, the SOC is equal to or lower than a lower SOC threshold, and the temperature is equal to or higher than a temperature threshold is calculated as a time point at which the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition; In calculating the available charging time, the time when the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated as the time when one or more of the following conditions are first satisfied after the target time: the voltage becomes equal to or higher than an upper voltage threshold that is higher than the lower voltage threshold; the SOC becomes equal to or higher than an upper SOC threshold that is higher than the lower SOC threshold; and the temperature becomes equal to or higher than the temperature threshold, based on a calculation result of the change over time of the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery. Processing method.

2. 2. The processing method of claim 1, wherein, in calculating the available time, the relationship between the battery capacity of the storage battery and / or the internal resistance of the storage battery relative to at least one of the SOC and temperature of the storage battery is applied to the model of the storage battery as the deterioration information.

3. In calculating the feasible time, applying a set value set as a condition for the current or power of the storage battery during the discharging or charging to the model of the storage battery as the operating condition; Applying set values ​​or measured values ​​measured on the storage battery as the SOC and temperature of the storage battery at the target time included in the state information to the model of the storage battery; The processing method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. In a state where the storage battery is being discharged or charged, the calculation of the available time is periodically repeated, with the current time being the target time; updating the available time to the calculated value each time the available time is calculated; The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

5. The processing method according to claim 1 , further comprising: notifying the calculated available time.

6. A processing device related to discharging and charging a storage battery, a processor that applies, to a model of the storage battery, degradation information indicating a degree of degradation of the storage battery, status information indicating a state of the storage battery at a certain target time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging, including a termination condition for terminating the discharging or the charging, to calculate, as an executable time for the discharging or the charging, a time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition in the discharging or the charging; the processor calculates, in calculating the available time, changes over time in an SOC, a voltage, and a temperature of the storage battery after the target time as changes over time in the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery after the target time; In calculating the possible time for discharging, the processor calculates, based on a calculation result of a change over time in the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery, a time point at which one or more of the following conditions are first satisfied after the target time: the voltage is equal to or lower than a lower voltage threshold, the SOC is equal to or lower than a lower SOC threshold, and the temperature is equal to or higher than a temperature threshold; and In calculating the possible charging time, the processor calculates, based on a calculation result of a change over time in the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery, the time when the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition, as the time when one or more of the following conditions are first satisfied after the target time: the voltage becomes equal to or greater than an upper voltage threshold that is higher than the lower voltage threshold; the SOC becomes equal to or greater than an upper SOC threshold that is higher than the lower SOC threshold; and the temperature becomes equal to or greater than the temperature threshold. Processing equipment.

7. A processing program relating to discharging and charging of a storage battery, the processing program being executed on a computer, by applying to the model of the storage battery deterioration information indicating the degree of deterioration of the storage battery, state information indicating the state of the storage battery at a certain target time after the start of the discharging or the charging, and operating conditions of the storage battery in the discharging or the charging, including an end condition for terminating the discharging or the charging, the time from the target time until the state of the storage battery reaches the end condition in the discharging or the charging is calculated as the possible time for the discharging or the charging; In calculating the available time, changes over time in an SOC, a voltage, and a temperature of the storage battery are calculated as changes over time in the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery after the target time; In calculating the available time for discharging, a time point at which the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated based on a calculation result of a change over time in the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery, the time point at which one or more of the following conditions are first satisfied after the target time: the voltage is equal to or lower than a lower voltage threshold, the SOC is equal to or lower than a lower SOC threshold, and the temperature is equal to or higher than a temperature threshold; In calculating the available time for charging, the time when the state of the storage battery reaches the termination condition is calculated based on a calculation result of the change over time of the parameter indicating the state of the storage battery, and the time when one or more of the following conditions are first satisfied after the target time: the voltage becomes equal to or higher than an upper voltage threshold that is higher than the lower voltage threshold; the SOC becomes equal to or higher than an upper SOC threshold that is higher than the lower SOC threshold; and the temperature becomes equal to or higher than the temperature threshold. Processing program.

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