Waterproofing sheets and sheet waterproofing structures

Abstract

To provide: a waterproof sheet for accurately suppressing or preventing the occurrence of swelling with the lapse of time on the surface of the waterproof sheet even when a black-colored waterproof sheet is used in sheet waterproof structure for waterproofing by laying the waterproof sheet on a skeleton; and the sheet waterproof structure in which the waterproof sheet is laid on the skeleton.SOLUTION: A waterproof sheet 50 is used for waterproofing a skeleton 10, contains a resin material as a main material, and is composed of a single layer body having a joint surface positioned on the skeleton 10 side and a surface exposed on the opposite side to the joint surface, has a carbon material content of 0.10 wt.% or less and contains a non-carbon material-based coloring material different from the carbon material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet used when waterproofing a building structure, and a sheet waterproofing structure equipped with such a waterproof sheet. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, it has been proposed to use a sheet waterproofing structure in which a waterproof sheet (resin sheet) is laid down when renovating a water tank provided with a swimming pool.

[0003] In this sheet waterproofing structure, for example, at least a portion of the floor and wall parts that make up the water tank (body) are covered (laid) with a waterproof sheet.

[0004] The waterproof sheet is fixed to the water tank (body), for example, by fixing a plurality of fixtures (steel plates) of a predetermined shape to the water tank (floor or wall) using fixing jigs such as fixing screws, and then joining the upper surfaces of the fixtures to the underside of the waterproof sheet using these fixtures, thereby joining the water tank and the waterproof sheet via the fixtures. This waterproofs the water tank again and also fixes the waterproof sheet to the water tank without it shifting when water is stored in it or when swimmers swim in it.

[0005] In a water tank that has been renovated with a sheet waterproofing structure of this configuration, the floor may have course lines to show swimmers their course, as well as a 5m line and a center line to show swimmers their swimming position, and the walls may have water level indicators to show the depth of the pool.In this case, this is done by attaching a colored waterproof sheet, such as that described in Patent Document 1, which is colored black or similar, to the waterproof sheet that makes up the sheet waterproofing structure.

[0006] However, as mentioned above, when the sheet waterproofing structure includes a colored waterproof sheet (waterproof sheet), that is, when an indicator is formed on a renovated water tank by attaching a colored waterproof sheet to a waterproof sheet, there is a problem that, particularly in the case of a colored waterproof sheet that is colored black, the surface will bulge noticeably over time, damaging the appearance of the indicator and even causing peeling between the indicator, i.e., the colored waterproof sheet, and the waterproof sheet.

[0007] Therefore, there is a demand for a colored waterproof sheet that is colored so that even when used as an indicator in a sheet waterproofing structure, the occurrence of swelling on the surface over time is suppressed.

[0008] It is also thought that this type of problem will occur when the waterproof sheets laid on the floor and walls of a water tank (main body) are colored for the purpose of adding design. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] WO2010 / 116497 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof sheet in a sheet waterproofing structure in which waterproofing is achieved by laying a waterproof sheet on a main body, in which even if a colored waterproof sheet is used, the occurrence of swelling on the surface of the sheet over time is appropriately suppressed or prevented, and a sheet waterproofing structure in which such a waterproof sheet is laid on a main body. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] Such objectives are as follows: (1) 9 This is achieved by the present invention described in (1) A waterproof sheet used to waterproof a structure and containing a resin material as the main material, The laminated structure is made up of a single layer having a joint surface located on the side of the frame and a surface exposed on the opposite side of the joint surface, The waterproof sheet contains 0.10% by weight or less of carbon material and contains a non-carbon material different from the carbon material as a coloring material. death, The non-carbon material-based coloring material is unevenly distributed at least on the surface side of the joining surface and the surface. A waterproof sheet characterized by:

[0012] (2) The structure is waterproofed by a first waterproof sheet covering the structure and a second waterproof sheet laminated on a part of the first waterproof sheet opposite the structure and providing a design to the structure. The waterproof sheet is the waterproof sheet described in (1) above, which is used as the second waterproof sheet.

[0013] (3) The waterproof sheet according to (2) above, wherein the structure is a pool having a floor and walls extending from the floor, and is made primarily of concrete, metal, or fiber-reinforced plastic.

[0014] (4) The body is a water tank provided in the pool, The waterproof sheet according to (3) above, wherein the second waterproof sheet is laminated on the first waterproof sheet as a course line showing the course that swimmers will swim.

[0015] (5) The waterproof sheet according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the coloring material is a black coloring material.

[0016] (6) The waterproof sheet according to (5) above, wherein the black coloring material is a metal oxide or a black organic material.

[0017] (7) The waterproof sheet according to (6) above, wherein the metal oxide is at least one of calcium oxide (CaO), manganese dioxide (MnO2), iron oxide (Fe3O4) and titanium oxide (TiO2).

[0018] (8) The waterproof sheet according to any one of (5) to (7) above, wherein the content of the black coloring material is 0.2% by weight or more and 5.0% by weight or less.

[0020] ( 9 ) (1) above or ( 8 ) A sheet waterproof structure characterized by having a waterproof sheet described in any one of the above and a positioning member that fixes the waterproof sheet to the main body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] According to the present invention, a waterproof sheet consisting of a single layer having a joint surface located on the main body side and a surface exposed on the opposite side of the joint surface contains a carbon material content of 0.10% by weight or less and contains a non-carbon material-based colorant that is different from the carbon material.

[0022] Furthermore, in a sheet waterproofing structure in which waterproofing is achieved by laying a waterproof sheet on a main body, when a waterproof sheet colored with a colorant is used, by applying the waterproof sheet of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration to this waterproof sheet, it is possible to accurately suppress or prevent swelling on the surface of the waterproof sheet over time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing a portion of the sheet waterproofing structure of the present invention installed on a building frame. [Figure 2] 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line AA showing the configuration of the sheet waterproofing structure in the vicinity of the second waterproof sheet provided in the sheet waterproofing structure shown in FIG. 1. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The waterproof sheet and sheet waterproof structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention is used in a sheet waterproofing structure 1 that waterproofs a main body 10, and is composed primarily of a resin material.It is composed of a single layer having a joint surface located on the main body 10 side and a surface exposed on the opposite side of this joint surface, and is characterized in that the waterproof sheet 50 contains a carbon material content of 0.10% by weight or less and contains a non-carbon material-based colorant that is different from the carbon material.

[0026] In a sheet waterproofing structure 1 having a floor 11 and wall 12, when a waterproofing sheet colored with a colorant is used, by applying the waterproofing sheet 50 of the present invention having the above-described configuration to this waterproofing sheet (colored waterproofing sheet), it is possible to accurately suppress or prevent swelling over time on the surface of the waterproofing sheet 50. Therefore, the sheet waterproofing structure 1 equipped with this waterproofing sheet 50 can be made to have excellent reliability.

[0027] Before explaining the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention, we will now provide a detailed description of this sheet waterproof structure 1 (the sheet waterproof structure of the present invention), i.e., the sheet waterproof structure 1 in which the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention is applied to a colored waterproof sheet.

[0028] <Waterproof sheet structure> Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a sheet waterproofing structure of the present invention installed on a structural body, and Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view along line AA showing the configuration of the sheet waterproofing structure near the second waterproofing sheet provided in the sheet waterproofing structure shown in Fig. 1. In the following explanation, the upper side in Figs. 1 and 2 will be referred to as "upper" and the lower side as "lower." For ease of explanation, Fig. 1 does not show the entire sheet waterproofing structure, but only partially illustrates the floor and wall portions of the structural body. Furthermore, Figs. 1 and 2 exaggerate the thickness of the structural body and waterproofing sheet, which differs significantly from the actual dimensions.

[0029] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a sheet waterproofing structure 1 is installed on a body 10 (structural body) serving as a water tank provided in a swimming pool for renovation purposes.

[0030] The body 10 has a rectangular floor portion 11 and a rectangular frame-shaped wall portion 12 (rising portion) that stands along the outer edge of the floor portion 11 so as to surround it.

[0031] By configuring the structure 10 to include such floor 11 and wall 12, the structure 10 has a recess with a bottom in its center, thereby forming a water tank for a pool where water is stored in the recess (see FIG. 1). This structure 10, i.e., the water tank, is usually made primarily of at least one of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) or metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, and is fixed in place within a space provided by a concrete frame. Note that the need to house the water tank made of FRP or metal may be omitted, and the concrete frame may directly form the water tank, i.e., the structure 10.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sheet waterproofing structure 1 is constructed by covering the structure 10, i.e., the frame-shaped wall portion 12 and the floor portion 11 that forms the bottom, with a waterproof sheet 30 (first waterproof sheet) and adding design features with a waterproof sheet 50 (second waterproof sheet), and includes the waterproof sheet 30 laid in a recess in the structure 10, a waterproof sheet 50 (colored waterproof sheet) that adds design features by covering part of the waterproof sheet 30, a positioning member 20 and a positioning disk (not shown) as fixing devices for fixing the waterproof sheet 30, and a fixing jig (not shown) that is fixed to the structure 10 and for fixing the positioning member 20 (see Figures 1 and 2).

[0033] In the following, a positioning member 20 is fixed to the recessed corner 13 (boundary) formed by the floor 11 and the wall 12, and further, positioning disks arranged in a grid pattern at approximately equal intervals are fixed to the floor 11 and the wall 12, and the laid waterproof sheet 30 is fixed to the main body 10 via these positioning members 20 and positioning disks.

[0034] Positioning member 20 is configured by joining two flat plates with an L-shaped side surface so that it corresponds to the shapes of floor 11 and wall 12 when placed in recessed corner 13 between floor 11 and wall 12. When placed in recessed corner 13, positioning member 20 is fixed to main body 10 with a fixing jig (not shown) such as a fixing screw or a fixing disk. In addition, positioning disks (not shown) have an overall disk shape and are fixed to main body 10 with a fixing jig (not shown) such as a fixing screw or a fixing disk when they are arranged in a grid pattern at approximately equal intervals on floor 11 and wall 12. In this state, waterproof sheet 30 (first waterproof sheet) is laid together with positioning member 20 and the positioning disk so as to cover the recess of main body 10, i.e., floor 11 and wall 12, and is fixed to main body 10 via positioning member 20 and the positioning disk, thereby ensuring the waterproofness of main body 10.

[0035] That is, the waterproof sheet 30 is exposed to water, preventing the main body 10 from being directly exposed to water, thereby ensuring the waterproofing of the main body 10. This makes it possible to store water in the main body 10, i.e., the water tank, on which the waterproof sheet 30 is laid. Furthermore, the upper surfaces of the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk are joined to the underside of the waterproof sheet 30, and the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk are fixed to the main body 10 via a fixing jig, thereby joining and fixing the waterproof sheet 30 to the main body 10 via the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk. Therefore, displacement of the waterproof sheet 30 from the main body 10 is appropriately suppressed or prevented when water is stored in the main body 10 (water tank) or when a swimmer (swimmer) is swimming.

[0036] Furthermore, a portion of this waterproof sheet 30 (first waterproof sheet) is covered with a waterproof sheet 50 (second waterproof sheet) that is colored in a color based on a coloring material, thereby adding design to the sheet waterproof structure 1, and in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the waterproof sheet 50 (colored waterproof sheet) forms a course line that indicates the course along which swimmers will swim.

[0037] Each part that constitutes this sheet waterproof structure 1 will be explained below. As mentioned above, the positioning member 20 is positioned near the corner 13 between the floor portion 11 and the wall portion 12 (see Figure 1), and the positioning disks (not shown) are arranged in a grid pattern at approximately equal intervals on the floor portion 11 and the wall portion 12.

[0038] Of the arrangement member 20 and the arrangement disk, in this embodiment, the arrangement member 20 is made up of two parts, a first part 21 (bottom) and a second part 22 (rising surface) that have a flat overall shape, with the second part 22 standing upright from one long side of the first part 21, and its side shape forming an L-shape. Furthermore, although not shown in the drawings, the arrangement disk has a disk-like overall shape.

[0039] Naturally, the shapes of the skeleton 10 to be waterproofed vary, so positioning members 20 of a plurality of different shapes are prepared in advance, and a positioning member 20 having a first portion 21 and a second portion 22 that match the shape of the recessed corner 13 of the skeleton 10 to be actually waterproofed is selected. The positioning members 20 are then arranged in the recessed corner 13 so that the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 correspond to the shapes of the floor portion 11 and the wall portion 12.

[0040] The positioning member 20 and the positioning disk are composed of a metal plate and a resin layer covering the surface of the metal plate. That is, the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk have a resin layer on the surface to which the waterproof sheet 30 is attached, and a metal plate on the opposite side. By covering the surface of the metal plate with a resin layer in this way, corrosion of the metal plate can be reliably prevented. Furthermore, the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk can be reliably joined to the waterproof sheet 30 using welding and heat fusion methods.

[0041] The metal plate may be made of, for example, a steel plate such as a stainless steel plate or an iron plate, an aluminum plate, or a copper plate, but is preferably a steel plate, which allows the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk to have excellent strength.

[0042] The thickness of the metal plate is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and more preferably about 0.3 mm or more and 2.5 mm or less.

[0043] Examples of resins that make up the resin layer include vinyl chloride resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. While one or more of these can be used in combination, polyvinyl chloride is preferred. That is, it is preferable that the resin be the same or identical to the resin that makes up the waterproof sheet 30, which will be described later. This improves adhesion between the resin layer and the waterproof sheet 30. Furthermore, polyvinyl chloride has excellent solvent welding and heat fusion properties, which can more significantly demonstrate the above-mentioned effects and more reliably prevent corrosion of the placement member 20 and the placement disk.

[0044] The resin constituting this resin layer may contain other materials such as plasticizers and stabilizers, which are listed as constituent materials of the waterproof sheet 30 described later.

[0045] The thickness of the resin layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm or more, and more preferably 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm, which allows for a strong bond between the waterproof sheet 30 and the resin layer, i.e., between the waterproof sheet 30 and the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk.

[0046] As described above, the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk are fixed to the frame 10 by fixing jigs (not shown) such as fixing screws and fixing disks.

[0047] The positioning member 20 and the positioning disk may be fixed to the main body 10 via a fixing jig. For example, when a fixing screw is used as the fixing jig, the threaded portions of the fixing screw are inserted into holes provided in the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk, and the threaded portions are embedded in the main body 10, thereby fixing the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk to the main body 10. When a fixed disk is used as the fixing jig, the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk are fixed to the main body 10 by joining the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk to the main body 10 via adhesive layers provided on both sides of the fixed disk.

[0048] The adhesive layer is mainly made of, for example, at least one adhesive selected from the group consisting of an acrylic adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, a silicone adhesive, and a rubber adhesive.

[0049] In addition, in this embodiment, the positioning member 20 has a first part 21 and a second part 22 and has an L-shaped side shape, but is not limited to this configuration.For example, the first part 21 and the second part 22 may not be connected to each other, and the first part 21 and the second part 22 may be provided as separate bodies, or either the first part 21 or the second part 22 may be provided independently.

[0050] The waterproof sheet 30 is in the form of a sheet (plate) and covers the floor 11 and wall 12 together with the positioning member 20, the positioning disk and the fixing jig, i.e., covers the main body 10.It is fixed to the main body 10 via the positioning member 20, the positioning disk and the fixing jig by being adhered to the upper surfaces of the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk, i.e., the surfaces of the positioning member 20 and the positioning disk on the side opposite the fixing jig where the resin layer is formed.

[0051] This exposes the waterproof sheet 30 to water, preventing the main body 10 from being directly exposed to water, thereby ensuring the waterproofing of the main body 10. Therefore, it becomes possible to store water in the main body 10, i.e., the water tank, on which the waterproof sheet 30 is laid. Furthermore, because the waterproof sheet 30 is fixed to the main body 10 via the positioning member 20, the positioning disk, and the fixing jig, it is possible to accurately suppress or prevent the waterproof sheet 30 from shifting position from the main body 10 when storing water in the main body 10 (water tank) or when a swimmer is swimming.

[0052] Such a waterproof sheet 30 is made of a resin sheet made of a resin composition containing a resin material.

[0053] The resin material is not particularly limited, but examples include vinyl chloride resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, and one or more of these can be used in combination. Among these, vinyl chloride resins are preferred. This allows the waterproof sheet 30 to have excellent solvent welding and heat fusion properties.

[0054] The vinyl chloride resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer containing vinyl chloride, i.e., an oligomer, prepolymer, or polymer. Examples include a monomer polymer of vinyl chloride, a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate, ethylene, propylene, or the like, and a mixture of two or more of these polymers.

[0055] The resin composition may further contain various plasticizers, stabilizers, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, processing aids, lubricants, fillers, flame retardants, colorants, etc., and it is particularly preferable to contain plasticizers, which can provide the waterproof sheet 30 with superior flexibility.

[0056] The plasticizer is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include phthalate ester plasticizers such as DOP (dioctyl phthalate), DBP (dibutyl phthalate), DIBP (diisobutyl phthalate), DHP (diheptyl phthalate), and DINP (diisononyl phthalate); aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers such as DOA (di-2-ethylhexyl adipate), DIDA (diisodecyl adipate), and DOS (di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate); aromatic carboxylic acid ester plasticizers such as ethylene glycol benzoates; and trimellitic acid ester plasticizers such as TOTM (trioctyl trimellitate). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0057] Stabilizers include, for example, zinc glycine, and stabilizers in this case include, for example, organic phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP), trixylyl phosphate (TXP), tributyl phosphate (TBP), tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate.

[0058] For these reasons, it is preferable that the waterproof sheet 30 be made of a vinyl chloride resin sheet made of a resin composition containing a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer. In this case, the content of the vinyl chloride resin in the waterproof sheet 30 is preferably, for example, 50% by weight or more and 95% by weight or less, and more preferably 60% by weight or more and 85% by weight or less. This allows the above-mentioned effects to be exhibited more significantly.

[0059] In addition, the waterproof sheet 30 may be composed of a single layer of the resin sheet, or may have, for example, a fiber layer interposed in the middle of its thickness direction, i.e., a fiber layer (fiber sheet) sandwiched between a first resin layer and a second resin layer stacked in the thickness direction.

[0060] This fiber layer is composed of an aggregate of fibers, and examples include fiber sheets such as cloth such as woven or nonwoven fabric, and nets with multiple lattices formed by warp and weft threads.By providing the waterproof sheet 30 with such a fiber layer, the strength (tear strength, tensile strength, etc.) and durability (resistance to repeated fatigue) of the waterproof sheet 30 can be improved.

[0061] In addition, examples of fiber materials contained in the fiber layer include natural cellulosic fibers such as cotton and hemp, natural protein fibers such as silk and wool, rayon, cupra, acetate, triacetate, polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, acrylic, vinylon, polyolefin, and vinylidene chloride, and one or more of these can be used in combination.

[0062] Furthermore, the thickness of the waterproof sheet 30 is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, and more preferably between 0.8 mm and 3 mm. This allows the floor 11 and the wall 12 to be reliably covered by the waterproof sheet 30. Furthermore, even if stress acts on the waterproof sheet 30 when water is stored or when swimmers swim, the occurrence of early cracks in the waterproof sheet 30 can be effectively prevented.

[0063] The waterproof sheet 50 (second waterproof sheet) is colored and is a colored waterproof sheet that adds design to the sheet waterproof structure 1 by covering part of the waterproof sheet 30 (first waterproof sheet).In this embodiment, the waterproof sheet is colored black in order to improve visibility to swimmers, and as shown in Figure 1, it forms an indicator, or course line, that indicates the course that swimmers will take.

[0064] In the sheet waterproof structure 1, the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention is used as the waterproof sheet (second waterproof sheet) that constitutes this course line. That is, the waterproof sheet 50 is composed of a single layer having a joint surface located on the main body 10 side and a surface that is exposed on the opposite side to this joint surface, and contains a carbon material content of 0.10 wt % or less and a non-carbon material different from the carbon material as a colorant.

[0065] As explained in the background art section above, when the waterproof sheet (colored waterproof sheet) that makes up the course line (marker) is made of a single layer, particularly one that contains a black colorant, there is a problem that the surface of this waterproof sheet (single layer) will bulge over time, damaging the appearance of the course line and even causing peeling between the course line (colored waterproof sheet) and the waterproof sheet that serves as the base layer.

[0066] As a result of extensive research into this problem, the inventor has come to the conclusion that the problem is likely caused by a highly active (oxidizing) gas produced by the reaction between a carbon material such as carbon black, which is used as a black colorant (general-purpose black colorant) in colored waterproof sheets, and hypochlorous acid contained in the water (reserved water) stored in a water tank.

[0067] Here, in the reaction between a carbon material (black coloring material) such as carbon black and hypochlorous acid (HClO) in water, the carbon material acts as a catalyst, causing the reaction represented by the following formula (1) to proceed, and the hypochlorous acid decomposes to generate a gas that exhibits high activity (oxidizing power) (hereinafter, this gas may be referred to as an "active gas"). HClO → HCl + O(↑) … (1)

[0068] It is believed that the reaction between this active gas and the resin material, such as vinyl chloride resin, contained in the colored waterproof sheet causes the resin material to change and deteriorate, resulting in the formation of blisters on the surface of the colored waterproof sheet over time. Considering that the reaction in equation (1) above is temperature-dependent and progresses more rapidly at higher temperatures, increasing the rate of active gas generation, and that blisters on the surface of colored waterproof sheets occur more frequently in greenhouse pools, i.e., when the water temperature is between 25°C and 35°C, the above assumption is valid.

[0069] Therefore, the inventors further investigated the relationship between highly active gases and the occurrence of blistering on the surface of colored waterproof sheets. When active gas is generated by the reaction formula (1) above, it is generally believed that this active gas diffuses into the stored water. However, when active gas is generated near the interface where the waterproof sheet 30 laid on the structure 10 and the colored waterproof sheet are joined, this active gas causes the waterproof sheet 30 and the colored waterproof sheet to degrade and deteriorate at the interface, thereby allowing the stored water to penetrate the interface. If the stored water is allowed to penetrate the interface in this way and reaches the interface, the active gas generated at the interface has no escape route. Therefore, it was inferred that this active gas accumulates at the interface over time, resulting in blistering on the surface of the colored waterproof sheet.

[0070] Therefore, in order to suppress or prevent the generation of active gas at the joint interface without reducing the visibility of the colored waterproof sheet, i.e., the course line (indicator), to swimmers, there is a need to set the content of carbon material, which acts catalytically in the generation of active gas, in the colored waterproof sheet to a low level, and to use a non-carbon material, different from carbon material, as the coloring agent for coloring the colored waterproof sheet.

[0071] Further investigation was conducted into the content of carbon material in colored waterproof sheets that can suppress or prevent the generation of active gas at the bonding interface, and it was found that the generation of active gas can be accurately suppressed or prevented by setting the carbon material content to 0.10 wt % or less.

[0072] Therefore, when a colored waterproof sheet is constructed as a single layer, like waterproof sheet 50, having a joint surface located on the waterproof sheet 30 (main body 10) side and a surface exposed on the opposite side of this joint surface from the waterproof sheet 30 (main body 10), the inventors have concluded that the above requirements can be met by setting the carbon material content in this single layer waterproof sheet 50 to 0.10% by weight or less and using a non-carbon material different from the carbon material as the colorant contained in the waterproof sheet 50, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0073] As described above, the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention is composed of a single layer having the above-mentioned joining surface and surface, and contains a carbon material content of 0.10 wt % or less that acts catalytically when active gas is generated. It also contains a non-carbon material, different from the carbon material, as a colorant to enhance visibility to swimmers, i.e., to color the waterproof sheet 50. In contrast, the waterproof sheet 30 does not contain both the carbon material and the non-carbon material. However, the waterproof sheet 50 and the waterproof sheet 30 have identical configurations apart from these differences. The waterproof sheet 50 is composed of a resin composition containing the resin material described above for the waterproof sheet 30. Therefore, a description of the carbon material contained in the waterproof sheet 50 at a content of 0.10 wt % or less and the non-carbon material contained solely in the waterproof sheet 50 will be omitted here.

[0074] Carbon materials are generally included in waterproof sheets as black colorants, imparting a black color to the waterproof sheet. However, as described above, in the present invention, because the carbon material acts catalytically during the generation of active gases, the carbon material content is set to 0.10 wt % or less, preferably 0.07 wt % or less, and more preferably no carbon material is included. This effectively suppresses or prevents the generation of active gases caused by the catalytic action of the carbon material. Therefore, the occurrence of swelling over time on the surface of the waterproof sheet 50 due to the generation of active gases can be effectively suppressed or prevented.

[0075] Specific examples of carbon materials include carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, fullerene, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. Among the carbon materials used as black colorants, these are believed to act reliably as catalysts in generating active gases. Therefore, by setting the content of these materials in the waterproof sheet 50 to 0.10 wt % or less, the effects of the present invention can be reliably achieved.

[0076] 1, the waterproof sheet 50 is used as a course line, and therefore needs to be given a black color tone, and for this purpose the waterproof sheet 50 contains a black coloring material, which is a non-carbon material different from a carbon material. This makes it possible to reliably give the waterproof sheet 50 a black color tone while accurately suppressing or preventing the generation of active gases.

[0077] The non-carbon black coloring material is not particularly limited, but preferably includes a metal oxide and a black organic material. By using a metal oxide, the effect obtained by using a non-carbon black coloring material can be more significantly exhibited.

[0078] Specific examples of the metal oxide include calcium oxide (CaO), manganese dioxide (MnO2), iron oxide (Fe3O4), and titanium oxide (TiO2), and one or more of these may be used in combination.

[0079] Furthermore, examples of black organic materials include organic pigments that exhibit black color, such as perylene pigments and azomethine pigments, and one or more of these can be used in combination.

[0080] Furthermore, the content of the non-carbon black coloring material in the waterproof sheet 50, i.e., the content of the non-carbon black coloring material in the resin composition containing the resin material that constitutes the waterproof sheet 50, is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, approximately 0.2% by weight to 5.0% by weight, and more preferably approximately 0.4% by weight to 3.0% by weight. This ensures that the waterproof sheet 50 functions as a course line, i.e., an indicator. Furthermore, even if the waterproof sheet 50 contains a non-carbon black coloring material within this content range, the generation of active gases due to the catalytic action of the non-carbon black coloring material can be effectively suppressed or prevented.

[0081] Furthermore, the thickness of the waterproof sheet 50 is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm, and more preferably between 0.8 mm and 2.0 mm. This ensures that the waterproof sheet 50 functions as a course line (marker) and can be reliably joined to the waterproof sheet 30.

[0082] The non-carbon coloring material may be dispersed almost uniformly in the waterproof sheet 50, or may be concentrated at least on the surface side of the joint surface and the surface. Even when the waterproof sheet 50 has such a configuration, the effects obtained by applying the present invention can be reliably achieved.

[0083] In this embodiment, the markers installed in the body 10 (water tank), i.e., the pool, are lane lines as shown in FIG. 1 , in other words, the lane lines are constructed using the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention. However, in addition to lane lines, other markers that may be installed in the pool include, for example, a 5-meter line and a center line on the floor 11 to indicate the swimmer's swimming position, and a water-level indicator on the wall 12 to indicate the pool's depth. Similarly to the lane lines, these markers can also be constructed using the waterproof sheet 50, thereby effectively suppressing or preventing swelling of the surface of the waterproof sheet 50 over time. As a result, peeling between the waterproof sheet 50 (colored waterproof sheet) and the waterproof sheet 30 is effectively suppressed or prevented over a long period of time, maintaining the excellent appearance of each marker.

[0084] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the course line as an indicator is colored black, and this indicator (course line) is made up of the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention, but this is not limited to indicators colored black in this way. The waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention can also be applied to indicators that are colored other colors, such as blue, red, and green, and that contain black coloring material to make these other colors darker.

[0085] Although the waterproof sheet and sheet waterproof structure of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these.

[0086] For example, in the waterproof sheet and sheet waterproof structure of the present invention, each component can be replaced with any component that can perform the same function, or any component can be added.

[0087] In addition, in the above embodiment, we have described a case where the colored waterproof sheet (second waterproof sheet) of the waterproof sheet (first waterproof sheet) covering the main body 10 and the colored waterproof sheet (second waterproof sheet) serving as an indicator for adding design to the main body 10 is made up of the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention, but this is not limited to this.For example, if the waterproof sheet (first waterproof sheet) covering the main body 10 contains a black coloring material in order to add design to this waterproof sheet (first waterproof sheet), this waterproof sheet (first waterproof sheet) can also be made up of the waterproof sheet 50 of the present invention. [Example]

[0088] Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the descriptions in these examples.

[0089] 1. Preparation of colored waterproof sheets [Example 1] First, we prepared particles (average particle size 1 μm) composed of vinyl chloride monomer polymer as the vinyl chloride resin, diisononyl phthalate (DINP) as the plasticizer, and a mixture (metal oxide) of calcium oxide (CaO), manganese dioxide (MnO2), and titanium oxide (TiO2) as the non-carbon black colorant. These were then uniformly mixed at 25°C using a mixer in a ratio of 64.38 wt% vinyl chloride resin, 35.00 wt% plasticizer, and 0.62 wt% metal oxide to obtain Resin Composition A.

[0090] Next, the resin composition A was heated and kneaded, and then formed into a sheet using a roll to form a heated colored waterproof sheet, which was then cooled to obtain the colored waterproof sheet of Example 1.

[0091] The colored waterproof sheet of Example 1 had a size of 100 mm length x 100 mm width in plan view, and a thickness of 1.0 mm.

[0092] [Example 2] The colored waterproof sheet of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as Example 1, except that azomethine black (a black organic material) was used instead of a mixture of calcium oxide (CaO), manganese dioxide (MnO2), and titanium oxide (TiO2) as the non-carbon material-based black colorant.

[0093] [Example 3] The colored waterproof sheet of Example 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that perylene pigment (a black organic material) was prepared instead of a mixture of calcium oxide (CaO), manganese dioxide (MnO2), and titanium oxide (TiO2) as the non-carbon material-based black colorant.

[0094] [Reference Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2] Instead of a non-carbon black colorant, carbon black (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, "Mitsubishi Carbon Black #45") was used as a carbon material, and the vinyl chloride resin, plasticizer, and carbon material (black colorant) were mixed uniformly at 25°C using a mixer in the mixing ratios shown in Table 1 to obtain resin composition A. The colored waterproof sheets of Reference Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the resin composition A was obtained by uniformly mixing the vinyl chloride resin, plasticizer, and carbon material (black colorant) in the ratios shown in Table 1 at 25°C using a mixer.

[0095] 2. Applying the colored waterproof sheet to the waterproof sheet Next, the colored waterproof sheets of each of the Examples, Reference Examples, and Comparative Examples were attached to the waterproof sheet 30 .

[0096] More specifically, a waterproof sheet 30 containing 50 parts by weight of plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin was prepared, and the colored waterproof sheets of each example, reference example, and comparative example were attached to this waterproof sheet 30.

[0097] 3. Evaluation The colored waterproof sheets of each of the Examples, Reference Examples, and Comparative Examples were evaluated using the following methods.

[0098] That is, first, the waterproof sheets 30 to which the colored waterproof sheets of each of the Examples, Reference Examples, and Comparative Examples were attached were immersed in an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution (chlorine concentration: 2000 ppm, temperature: 60°C).

[0099] Then, for each of the colored waterproof sheets of the examples, reference examples, and comparative examples, the presence or absence of swelling on the surface of the colored waterproof sheet and the presence or absence of peeling between the colored waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet 30 were observed, and these were evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0100] (Evaluation of swelling on the surface of colored waterproof sheets) After immersion in a sodium hypochlorite solution, swelling occurs on the surface of the colored waterproof sheet. ◎: Not recognized at all even after 70 days ○: After 70 days, some discomfort is noted, but no discomfort is noted. △: Although recognized after 70 days, Not recognized after 40 days ×: Accepted after 40 days

[0101] (Evaluation of peeling between colored waterproof sheet and waterproof sheet 30) After immersion in a sodium hypochlorite solution, Peeling occurs between the colored waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet 30. ◎: Not recognized at all even after 70 days ○: After 70 days, some discomfort is noted, but no discomfort is noted. △: Although recognized after 70 days, Not recognized after 40 days ×: Accepted after 40 days The results of these evaluations are shown in Table 1.

[0102] [Table 1]

[0103] As shown in Table 1, the colored waterproof sheets of each example do not contain carbon material (carbon black), and the content is 0.10% by weight or less, which shows that the occurrence of swelling on the surface of the colored waterproof sheet (waterproof sheet 50) and even peeling between the colored waterproof sheet (waterproof sheet 50) and the waterproof sheet 30 is suppressed or prevented.

[0104] In contrast, the colored waterproof sheets of each comparative example contained more than 0.10% by weight of carbon material (carbon black), which resulted in swelling on the surface of the colored waterproof sheet and even peeling between the colored waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet 30. [Explanation of symbols]

[0105] 1 Sheet waterproof structure 10 skeleton 11 Floor 12 Wall 13 Inside corner 20 Placement components 21 Part 1 22 Part 2 30 Tarpaulin 50 Tarpaulin

Claims

1. A waterproof sheet used to waterproof a building frame, containing a resin material as a main material, The laminated structure is made up of a single layer having a joint surface located on the side of the frame and a surface exposed on the opposite side of the joint surface, The waterproof sheet has a carbon material content of 0.10% by weight or less and contains a non-carbon material-based colorant different from the carbon material, The waterproof sheet is characterized in that the non-carbon material-based coloring material is unevenly distributed at least on the surface side of the joining surface and the surface.

2. The structure is waterproofed by a first waterproof sheet covering the structure and a second waterproof sheet laminated on a part of the first waterproof sheet on the side opposite to the structure and providing a design to the structure; The waterproof sheet according to claim 1 , which is used as the second waterproof sheet.

3. 3. The waterproof sheet according to claim 2, wherein the body is a pool having a floor and walls extending from the floor, and is made primarily of concrete, metal, or fiber-reinforced plastic.

4. The body is a water tank provided in the pool, The waterproof sheet according to claim 3, wherein the second waterproof sheet is laminated on the first waterproof sheet as a course line indicating a course for a swimmer to swim.

5. 5. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the coloring material is a black coloring material.

6. The waterproof sheet according to claim 5, wherein the black coloring material is a metal oxide or a black organic material.

7. The metal oxides include calcium oxide (CaO), manganese dioxide (MnO ２ ), black iron oxide (Fe ３ O ４ ) and titanium oxide (TiO ２ 7. The waterproof sheet according to claim 6, wherein the waterproof sheet is at least one of the following:

8. 8. The waterproof sheet according to claim 5, wherein the content of the black coloring material is 0.2% by weight or more and 5.0% by weight or less.

9. A sheet waterproofing structure comprising the waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a positioning member for fixing the waterproof sheet to the frame.

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