Seismic isolation device

Abstract

To provide a base isolation device capable of: allowing and restraining horizontal displacement and compressive displacement due to small-and medium-scale earthquake motion; restraining the compressive displacement due to large-scale earthquake motion; and restraining the horizontal displacement while following rotational displacement.SOLUTION: A base isolation device 10 is made up of a sealed rubber bearing plate shoe 11 and a laminated rubber shoe 12. The sealed rubber bearing plate shoe 11 has: an upper base plate 14; a first pot 15 provided with a first pot section; a second pot 16 provided with a second pot section; a sliding plate 18 provided with an upper sliding face slidably brought into contact with a stainless plate on a lower face of the upper base plate; and a sealed rubber plate 19 stored in the second pot. The laminated rubber shoe 12 has: an upper connection plate; a lower connection plate; a plurality of rubber plates placed between the upper connection plate and the lower connection plate; and a plurality of hard plates placed between the rubber plates.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device that supports an upper structure and favorably allows and suppresses horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement that occurs between the upper structure and a lower structure. [Background technology]

[0002] A sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is disclosed which comprises a lower shoe which forms a bearing rubber mounting surface, bearing rubber which has a flat upper surface and is mounted on the bearing rubber mounting surface of the lower shoe, an intermediate plate which is mounted on the bearing rubber, and an extrusion prevention material which is installed between the lower peripheral edge of the intermediate plate and the upper peripheral edge of the bearing rubber and is shaped so as to receive a lateral load due to a vertical downward load acting on the intermediate plate, wherein the extrusion prevention material has a slope which widens upward on its inner surface where it contacts the lower peripheral edge of the intermediate plate, and the intermediate plate has a tapered surface on its lower peripheral edge where it contacts the extrusion prevention material which corresponds to the inner surface of the extrusion prevention material (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also disclosed is a laminated rubber bearing that is a composite rubber elastic plate comprising a laminate in which multiple hard plates and rubber elastic plates are alternately stacked, and a protective layer that covers the periphery of the laminate, in which the hard plates and the rubber elastic plates are identical to each other and are formed into a rectangular plate surrounded by opposing sides in a first direction and opposing sides in a second direction, which is the other of the two directions, and in which at least one of the multiple rubber elastic plates is formed from end rubber portions arranged only at both ends in the second direction and a main rubber portion that is the remainder, and in which the end rubber portions are formed from a rubber that is softer than the main rubber portion (see Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-178921 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-178653 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The allowable bearing pressure of laminated rubber bearings is approximately 20 MPa. This value is determined as a guideline based on a comparison of the local shear strain rate (the sum of shear strain, compression strain, and rotational strain) in the rubber layer of a laminated rubber formed from multiple rubber plates arranged in series with the elongation rate of the rubber material after vulcanization. Therefore, the current operating surface pressure limit for general laminated rubber is limited to approximately 20 MPa, unless there is a significant difference in the structure of the laminated rubber (thickness of each layer, shear modulus). In other words, if the surface pressure is increased above 20 MPa, such as 25 MPa or 30 MPa, there is a risk that the safety of the rubber layer of the laminated rubber will be compromised.

[0006] On the other hand, there is a demand in the market for miniaturizing seismic isolation devices as much as possible, reducing the installation space required for the components of the seismic isolation device, increasing the degree of freedom in the layout of the seismic isolation layer, and lowering the price of seismic isolation devices. In particular, elastic sliding bearings require larger sliding plates to ensure sufficient sliding movement, creating a great need for space saving. For this reason, attempts have been made to use elastic sliding bearings with high surface pressure, making the device smaller and saving space, but it is difficult to solve both issues regarding the load-bearing capacity, creep characteristics, wear resistance, and friction coefficient of the sliding material, as well as the issue of the allowable shear strain of the laminated rubber that is arranged in series with these sliding materials.

[0007] On the other hand, there is a similar seismic isolation material called a rigid sliding bearing, which uses sliding and does not have a laminated rubber portion. Because rigid sliding bearings do not have laminated rubber, there is no need to consider the local shear strain mentioned above, and as long as the characteristics of the sliding material under high surface pressure exceeding 20 MPa, such as the friction coefficient, stability of the friction coefficient, creep characteristics, swelling, and foreign body embedment resistance, are met, they can be used without any problems, and in fact, seismic isolation materials with a standard surface pressure of 30 MPa as specified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism have been certified by a certification organization and are used in designs.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device that, when small- or medium-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and the lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements between the upper structure and the lower structure, can suppress the horizontal displacement while allowing it, or can suppress the compressive displacement, and, when large-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and the lower structure, causing horizontal, rotational, or compressive displacements between the upper structure and the lower structure, can suppress the compressive displacement and can suppress the horizontal displacement while allowing it to follow the rotational displacement. Another object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device that can effectively suppress small- or medium-scale vibrations and large-scale vibrations, and that can be miniaturized despite being able to accommodate such vibrations, by setting the upper limit of the surface pressure applied to the laminated rubber bearings to 20 MPa and setting the upper limit of the surface pressure applied to the sliding plates to a higher surface pressure, for example, in the range of 25 to 30 MPa. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The premise of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a seismic isolation device that is installed between an upper structure and a lower structure that supports the upper structure, and that, when a predetermined vibration acts on the upper structure and the lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, follows the horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement and suitably suppresses these displacements.

[0010] The present invention, based on the above premise, is characterized in that the seismic isolation device is formed from pressure equalizing distribution means located vertically above, having an aligning function and connected to the upper structure, and laminated rubber bearings located vertically below the pressure equalizing distribution means and connected to the pressure equalizing distribution means and also connected to the lower structure, the laminated rubber bearings comprising an upper connecting plate of a predetermined area and connected to the pressure equalizing distribution means, a lower connecting plate of a predetermined area and located below the upper connecting plate, a lower base plate of a predetermined area and located below the lower connecting plate and connected to the lower connecting plate by a predetermined connecting means, a plurality of rubber plates located between the upper and lower connecting plates and arranged in series in the vertical direction, and a plurality of hard plates interposed between the rubber plates and abutting against the rubber plates, the lower surface of the upper connecting plate, the upper and lower surfaces of the hard plates, and the upper surface of the lower connecting plate are each vulcanization-bonded to the rubber plates. Note that this configuration may be configured upside down.

[0011] In one example of the present invention, the pressure equalization means is a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing located vertically above and connected to the superstructure, and the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is formed from an upper base plate having a lower surface with a predetermined area, a first pot having a first pot portion recessed vertically downward and located below the upper base plate, a second pot having a second pot portion recessed vertically downward and located below so as to accommodate the first pot in the second pot portion, a sliding plate accommodated in the first pot portion and whose sliding upper surface of a predetermined area slidably abuts against the surface of a stainless steel plate placed on the underside of the upper base plate, and a sealed rubber plate accommodated in the second pot and on which the first pot portion is placed.

[0012] In another example of the present invention, the seismic isolation device includes a lower anchor plate located below the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing, the stainless steel plate and stainless steel mounting plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate are connected to the upper structure via the upper base plate by a specified connecting means, the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the second pot by a specified connecting means, the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the lower anchor plate by a specified connecting means, and the lower anchor plate is connected to the lower structure by a specified connecting means.

[0013] In another example of the present invention, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the sliding plate, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of a laminated rubber bearing is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the rubber plate, and in the seismic isolation device, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate have the relationship: sliding plate pressure-receiving area < rubber plate pressure-receiving area.

[0014] In another example of the present invention, the seismic isolation device has a maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber bearing of 20 MPa, a maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber plate bearing in the range of 25 to 30 MPa, a pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of the laminated rubber bearing in the range of 1.25 to 1.5 times the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of the sealed rubber plate bearing, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of the laminated rubber bearing is set larger than the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of the sealed rubber plate bearing.

[0015] As another example of the present invention, the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate has a vertical hardness at its peripheral portion that is less than the vertical hardness at its central portion, and while the central portion of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate can deform in all directions and easily follow rotational displacement.

[0016] As another example of the present invention, tapered slits are formed around the entire periphery of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate, extending radially inward from the peripheral surface of the periphery, so that the central part of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, while the peripheral part of the sealed rubber plate can deform in all directions to easily follow rotational displacement.

[0017] As another example of the present invention, the thickness dimension of the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate gradually decreases from the center toward the periphery, and while the center of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate can deform in all directions and easily follow rotational displacement.

[0018] In another example of the present invention, a rigid member is installed in the center of the sealed rubber plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate, making the rigidity of the center greater than that of the peripheral edge, so that the center of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, while the peripheral edge of the sealed rubber plate can deform in all directions and easily follow rotational displacement.

[0019] In another example of the present invention, the pressure equalization distribution means is formed from an upper base plate having a lower surface of a specified area and connected to the upper structure, a sliding plate whose sliding upper surface of a specified area slidably abuts against the stainless steel plate surface arranged on the lower surface of the upper base plate, and a spherical plain bearing located below the sliding plate, and the spherical plain bearing is formed from an outer ring having a spherical inner surface and connected to the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing, and an inner ring located above the outer ring, having a spherical outer surface in spherical contact with the spherical inner surface of the outer ring and having an accommodating recess for accommodating the sliding plate.

[0020] In another example of the present invention, the seismic isolation device includes a lower anchor plate located below the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing, the upper base plate is connected to the upper structure by a predetermined connecting means, the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the outer ring by a predetermined connecting means, the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the lower anchor plate by a predetermined connecting means, and the lower anchor plate is connected to the lower structure by a predetermined connecting means.

[0021] As another example of the present invention, when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the upper structure and lower structure, the laminated rubber bearings undergo shear deformation to follow the horizontal displacement while suppressing the horizontal displacement and reducing the vibrations acting on the structure, and the laminated rubber bearings undergo compressive deformation in response to increases or decreases in surface pressure to follow the compressive displacement while suppressing the compressive displacement, thereby supporting the upper structure. Furthermore, when large-scale vibrations exceeding the expected magnitude that would make it difficult for the laminated rubber bearings to suppress horizontal displacement due to shear deformation act on the upper and lower structures, causing horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacement between them, the laminated rubber bearings compress and deform in response to changes in surface pressure, responding to the compressive displacement while suppressing the compressive displacement, supporting the upper structure. At the same time, the sealed rubber plates of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearings compress and deform to accommodate rotational displacement in all directions, or the spherical plain bearings rotate and slide to accommodate rotational displacement in all directions, causing horizontal sliding between the stainless steel plate on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with a predetermined frictional resistance, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement in the upper and lower structures. In other words, the frictional resistance allows the large-scale vibration energy to be quickly dissipated.

[0022] In another example of the present invention, when a large-scale vibration that exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement due to shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing acts on the upper structure and lower structure, causing horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes at least shear deformation of shear deformation and compressive deformation, and the upper sliding surface of the sliding plate slides horizontally against the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper mounting plate.

[0023] In another example of the present invention, the seismic isolation device is used in pile top isolation or column base isolation. [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] According to the seismic isolation device of the present invention, it is formed from a pressure equalization distribution means connected to the upper structure and a laminated rubber bearing located vertically below the pressure equalization distribution means, connected to the pressure equalization distribution means, and also connected to the lower structure, and when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and the lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes shear deformation to follow the horizontal displacement, and the horizontal displacement can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing, and the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow the compressive displacement due to fluctuations in surface pressure, and the laminated rubber bearing suppresses the compressive displacement, thereby supporting the upper structure. Furthermore, when large-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacement between the upper and lower structures, the laminated rubber bearings undergo compressive deformation to follow the compressive displacement, thereby suppressing the compressive displacement and supporting the upper structure, and the pressure equalization distribution means follows the rotational displacement, while horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with a predetermined frictional resistance force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement. The seismic isolation device is a laminated rubber bearing comprising an upper connecting plate having a specified area and connected to a pressure equalization means, a lower connecting plate having a specified area and located below the upper connecting plate, a lower base plate having a specified area and located below the lower connecting plate and connected to the lower connecting plate by a specified connecting means, a plurality of rubber plates located between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and arranged in series in the vertical direction, and a plurality of hard plates interposed between the rubber plates and abutting against the rubber plates, the plurality of rubber plates (laminated rubber) undergo shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement, and the plurality of rubber plates (laminated rubber) undergo compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement, so that horizontal displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably tolerated and suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing comprising a plurality of these rubber plates, and compressive displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing.The seismic isolation device can suppress the displacements caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations and large-scale vibrations, and can accommodate small vibrations, medium-scale vibrations, and large vibrations, without the device becoming large, making it possible to provide a compact seismic isolation device that is small in size.

[0025] The pressure equalizing and distributing means is a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing located vertically above and connected to the superstructure, and the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is formed of an upper base plate having a lower surface of a predetermined area, a first pot having a first pot portion recessed vertically downward and located below the upper base plate, a second pot having a second pot portion recessed vertically downward and located below the first pot, a sliding plate accommodated in the first pot portion and having a sliding upper surface of a predetermined area abutting against the lower surface of the upper base plate, and a sealed rubber plate accommodated in the second pot, and the seismic isolation device is formed of a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing connected to the superstructure, and It is formed from a laminated rubber bearing that is located vertically below the sealed rubber plate bearing and is connected to the sealed rubber plate bearing, and is also connected to the lower structure; when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes shear deformation to follow the horizontal displacement, allowing the horizontal displacement to be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing; and the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow the compressive displacement due to fluctuations in surface pressure, allowing the laminated rubber bearing to suppress the compressive displacement, thereby supporting the upper structure. Furthermore, when large-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement between the upper structure and lower structure, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow the compressive displacement, thereby suppressing the compressive displacement and supporting the upper structure.At the same time, the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate undergoes compressive deformation to follow the rotational displacement, and horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with a predetermined frictional resistance force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement.The seismic isolation device is a laminated rubber bearing comprising an upper connecting plate having a specified area, a lower connecting plate having a specified area and located below the upper connecting plate, a lower base plate having a specified area and located below the lower connecting plate and connected to the lower connecting plate by a specified connecting means, a plurality of rubber plates located between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and arranged in series in the vertical direction, and a plurality of hard plates interposed between the rubber plates and abutting against the rubber plates, the plurality of rubber plates (laminated rubber) undergo shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement, and the plurality of rubber plates (laminated rubber) undergo compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement, so that horizontal displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably tolerated and suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing comprising a plurality of these rubber plates, and compressive displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing. The seismic isolation device has a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing comprising an upper base plate having a lower surface of a predetermined area, a first pot having a first pot portion and positioned below the upper base plate, a second pot having a second pot portion and positioned below the first pot so as to accommodate the first pot in the second pot portion, a sliding plate accommodated in the first pot portion and having a sliding upper surface of a predetermined area slidably abutting a stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate, and a sealed rubber plate accommodated in the second pot and on which the first pot is placed, the sealed rubber plate compressively deforms to follow rotational displacement in all directions, and horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with a predetermined frictional resistance, thereby reliably suppressing horizontal displacement caused by large-scale vibrations. The seismic isolation device can suppress displacements caused by small-scale, medium-scale vibrations, and large-scale vibrations, and can accommodate small, medium-scale vibrations, and large vibrations, without increasing the device size, thereby providing a compact seismic isolation device.

[0026] A seismic isolation device which includes a lower anchor plate located below the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing, in which the upper base plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is connected to the superstructure by a predetermined connecting means, the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the second pot by a predetermined connecting means, the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the lower anchor plate by a predetermined connecting means, and the lower anchor plate is connected to the substructure by a predetermined connecting means, reliably transmits horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused between the superstructure and the substructure by vibration to the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing and the laminated rubber bearing via the upper base plate and the lower anchor plate, so that the laminated rubber bearing undergoes shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibration, and the laminated rubber bearing can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement caused by surface pressure fluctuations due to small-scale or medium-scale vibration, and the laminated rubber bearing suppresses compressive displacement, thereby supporting the superstructure. Furthermore, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to accommodate the compressive displacement caused by large fluctuations in surface pressure due to large-scale vibrations, and the laminated rubber bearing is able to suppress excessive compressive displacement. At the same time, the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate undergoes compressive deformation to accommodate the rotational displacement caused by large vibrations in all directions, and horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with frictional resistance, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement caused by large vibrations.

[0027] In a seismic isolation device in which the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the sliding plate, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of a laminated rubber bearing is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the rubber plate, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate have the relationship of sliding plate pressure-receiving area < rubber plate pressure-receiving area, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure loaded on the sliding plate, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of a laminated rubber bearing is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the rubber plate, thereby preventing small-scale or medium-scale vibrations. The laminated rubber bearings equipped with rubber plates of a set area allow for and suppress horizontal and compressive displacements that occur in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibrations, and the sealed rubber bearing plate bearings equipped with sliding plates of a set area allow for and suppress horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements that occur in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibrations, so it is possible to reliably prevent the upper structure and lower structure from shaking due to small- or medium-scale vibrations, and to reliably prevent the upper structure and lower structure from shaking, breaking, collapsing or collapsing due to large vibrations.

[0028] By adjusting the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate so that sliding plate pressure-receiving area < rubber plate pressure-receiving area, the seismic isolation device can be made into a small, compact, high-surface-pressure seismic isolation device.

[0029] In a seismic isolation device in which the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber bearing is 20 MPa, the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber plate bearing is in the range of 25 to 30 MPa, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of the laminated rubber bearing is in the range of 1.25 to 1.5 times the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of the sealed rubber plate bearing, the upper limit of the surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber can be set to 20 MPa, and the upper limit of the surface pressure loaded on the sliding plate can be set to 25 to 30 MPa, and small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be prevented from damaging the upper and lower structures. The laminated rubber bearings, with a maximum working surface pressure of 20 MPa, allow for and suppress horizontal and compressive displacements caused by large-scale vibrations in the upper and lower structures, while the sealed rubber bearing plate bearings, with a maximum working surface pressure of 25 to 30 MPa, allow for and suppress horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements caused by large-scale vibrations in the upper and lower structures. This ensures that the upper and lower structures are not shaken by small or medium-scale vibrations, and also prevents large vibrations, damage, destruction or collapse of the upper and lower structures due to large vibrations. In the seismic isolation device, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates of the laminated rubber bearing is in the range of 1.25 to 1.5 times the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plates of the sealed rubber plate bearing, so when the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber plate bearing is set to 25 to 30 MPa, the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber bearing can be maintained at 20 MPa, and the laminated rubber bearing can reliably prevent swaying of the upper structure and lower structure due to small- or medium-scale vibrations. By setting the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber plate bearing and the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber bearing within the above ranges, a small, compact seismic isolation device with high surface pressure can be provided.

[0030] In a seismic isolation device in which the vertical hardness of the peripheral part of the sealed rubber plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate is smaller than the vertical hardness of its central part, and the central part of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement while the peripheral part of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow rotational displacement, the flexibility of the peripheral part of the sealed rubber plate is greater than that of the central part, and the central part resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement without easily elastically deforming, while the peripheral part easily elastically deforms to follow rotational displacement, so when rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibration, the flexibility of the sealed rubber plate is The highly flexible peripheral portion deforms in all directions to follow rotational displacement, thereby preventing inadvertent tilting of the sliding plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate, and no gaps are created between it and the stainless steel plate arranged on the upper base plate, so the upper sliding surface of the sliding plate slides reliably in the horizontal direction against the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate.The sealed rubber bearing plate can fully suppress horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements caused by large vibrations in the upper and lower structures, reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse or collapse of the upper and lower structures due to large vibrations.

[0031] The sealed rubber bearing plate has tapered slits formed around the entire periphery of the sealed rubber plate, which are tapered from the peripheral surface of the periphery inward in the radial direction, and the central part of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, while the peripheral part of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow rotational displacement. This seismic isolation device has the central part resisting rotational displacement and compressive displacement without easily elastically deforming, and the slits allow the peripheral part to easily elastically deform and follow rotational displacement, so when rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibration, the peripheral part where the slits are formed will deform in all directions. It deforms to follow the rotational displacement, thereby preventing the sliding plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate from tilting inadvertently, and no gaps are created between it and the stainless steel plate arranged on the upper base plate, so the upper sliding surface of the sliding plate slides reliably horizontally against the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate.The sealed rubber bearing plate can fully suppress the horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements caused by large vibrations in the upper and lower structures, and reliably prevent large shaking, damage, collapse or collapse of the upper and lower structures due to large vibrations.

[0032] The thickness of the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate gradually decreases from the center toward the periphery, and the center of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational and compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate is inclined in all directions to allow rotational displacement. In this seismic isolation device, the central portion with a large thickness resists rotational and compressive displacement without easily elastically deforming, and the peripheral portion with a smaller thickness than the central portion easily allows rotational displacement, so when rotational displacement occurs in the upper and lower structures due to large-scale vibrations, the thickness decreases from the center toward the periphery. The gradually tapering peripheral shape allows for rotational displacement, thereby preventing inadvertent tilting of the sliding plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate, and no gap is created between it and the stainless steel plate arranged on the upper base plate, so the upper sliding surface of the sliding plate slides reliably in the horizontal direction against the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate.The sealed rubber bearing plate can fully suppress horizontal, rotational and compressive displacement caused in the upper and lower structures by large vibrations, reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse or collapse of the upper and lower structures due to large vibrations.

[0033] A rigid member that makes the rigidity of the center of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate greater than that of the peripheral edge is installed in the center of the sealed rubber plate, and the center of the sealed rubber plate resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement while the peripheral edge of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow rotational displacement. In this seismic isolation device, the center resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement without easily elastically deforming due to the rigid member, and the peripheral edge where there is no rigid member easily elastically deforms to follow rotational displacement, so when rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibration, it is possible to prevent the rigid member from being present. The soft peripheral portion deforms in all directions to follow the rotational displacement, thereby preventing inadvertent tilting of the sliding plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate, and no gap is created between it and the stainless steel plate arranged on the upper base plate, so the upper sliding surface of the sliding plate slides reliably in the horizontal direction against the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate, and the horizontal, rotational and compressive displacement caused in the upper and lower structures by large vibrations can be fully suppressed by the sealed rubber bearing plate, reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse or collapse of the upper and lower structures due to large vibrations.

[0034] In a seismic isolation device in which the pressure evenly distributing means is formed from an upper base plate having a lower surface with a specified area and connected to the upper structure, a sliding plate whose sliding upper surface with a specified area abuts the lower surface of the upper base plate, and a spherical plain bearing located below the sliding plate, and the spherical plain bearing is formed from an outer ring having a spherical inner surface and connected to the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing, and an inner ring located above the outer ring and having a spherical outer surface that is in spherical contact with the spherical inner surface of the outer ring and has an accommodating recess for accommodating the sliding plate, when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the upper structure and lower structure, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes shear deformation to follow the horizontal displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing can suppress the horizontal displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement due to fluctuations in surface pressure, and the laminated rubber bearing suppresses the compressive displacement, thereby enabling the upper structure to be supported. Furthermore, when large-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement between the upper structure and lower structure, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow the compressive displacement, thereby suppressing the compressive displacement and supporting the upper structure, and the spherical plain bearing follows the rotational displacement while horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with a predetermined frictional resistance force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement.The seismic isolation device is a laminated rubber bearing comprising an upper connecting plate having a specified area, a lower connecting plate having a specified area and located below the upper connecting plate, a lower base plate having a specified area and located below the lower connecting plate and connected to the lower connecting plate by a specified connecting means, a plurality of rubber plates located between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and arranged in series in the vertical direction, and a plurality of hard plates interposed between the rubber plates and abutting against the rubber plates, the plurality of rubber plates (laminated rubber) undergo shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement, and the plurality of rubber plates (laminated rubber) undergo compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement, so that horizontal displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably tolerated and suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing comprising a plurality of these rubber plates, and compressive displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing. The seismic isolation device can suppress the displacements caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations and large-scale vibrations, and can accommodate small vibrations, medium-scale vibrations, and large vibrations, without the device becoming large, making it possible to provide a compact seismic isolation device that is small in size.

[0035] In a seismic isolation device which includes a lower anchor plate located below the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing, the upper base plate being connected to the superstructure by a specified connecting means, the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing being connected to the outer ring by a specified connecting means, the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing being connected to the lower anchor plate by a specified connecting means, and the lower anchor plate being connected to the substructure by a specified connecting means, horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused between the superstructure and the substructure by vibration are reliably transmitted to the spherical plain bearing and the laminated rubber bearing via the upper base plate and the lower anchor plate, so that the laminated rubber bearing undergoes shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibration, and the laminated rubber bearing is able to tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement caused by fluctuations in surface pressure due to small-scale or medium-scale vibration, and the laminated rubber bearing suppresses compressive displacement, thereby enabling the superstructure to be supported. Furthermore, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to accommodate the compressive displacement caused by large fluctuations in surface pressure due to large-scale vibrations, making it possible to suppress excessive compressive displacement. At the same time, the spherical plain bearing accommodates the rotational displacement in all directions caused by large vibrations, and horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with frictional resistance, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement caused by large vibrations.

[0036] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements between the upper structure and lower structure, the laminated rubber bearings undergo shear deformation to follow the horizontal displacement and suppress the horizontal displacement, and the laminated rubber bearings undergo compressive deformation to follow the compressive displacement and allow and suppress the compressive displacement, and when large-scale vibrations that exceed the expected amount for which it is difficult to suppress horizontal displacement by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearings act on the upper structure and lower structure, causing horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements between the upper structure and lower structure, the laminated rubber bearings undergo compressive deformation in response to increases or decreases in surface pressure to follow the compressive displacement and suppress the compressive displacement, supporting the upper structure, and the sealed rubber plates of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearings undergo compressive deformation to follow rotational displacements in all directions, or In this seismic isolation device, the laminated rubber bearings rotate and slide to follow rotational displacements in all directions, and horizontal sliding occurs between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate with a predetermined frictional resistance, thereby suppressing horizontal displacements that occur in the upper structure and lower structure.Since the laminated rubber bearings suppress horizontal and compressive displacements that occur in the upper structure and lower structure due to small- or medium-scale vibrations, the shaking of the upper structure and lower structure due to small- or medium-scale vibrations can be reliably prevented, and since the sealed rubber bearing plate bearings or spherical sliding bearings allow and suppress horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements that occur in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibrations, the large shaking, damage, collapse and collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large vibrations can be reliably prevented.

[0037] When large-scale vibrations exceeding the expected amount that make it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement due to shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing act on the upper and lower structures, causing horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacements between the upper and lower structures, and when the laminated rubber bearing undergoes at least shear deformation (either shear deformation or compressive deformation) and the horizontal load caused by the horizontal displacement of the laminated rubber bearing exceeds the static friction force between the sliding plate and the stainless steel plate, the upper sliding surface of the sliding plate will move with a specified frictional resistance force between it and the stainless steel plate placed on the underside of the upper mounting plate. In a seismic isolation device that slides horizontally, when horizontal, rotational or compressive displacement occurs in the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibrations, the laminated rubber bearings undergo at least shear deformation or compression deformation while the sliding plates slide horizontally, and the laminated rubber bearings and sealed rubber plate bearings or spherical sliding bearings each suppress the horizontal, rotational or compressive displacement caused in the upper structure and lower structure by large vibrations, thereby reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse or collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large vibrations.

[0038] In the case of a seismic isolation device used in pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations, while the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations, allowing the laminated rubber bearing to suitably tolerate and suppress horizontal and compressive displacement; in the case of pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation, the laminated rubber bearing undergoes compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement due to large-scale vibrations, allowing the laminated rubber bearing to suppress compressive displacement; and the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing, which can deform in all directions, follows rotational displacement due to large-scale vibrations, or the spherical sliding bearing follows rotational displacement in all directions due to large-scale vibrations, allowing horizontal sliding with a predetermined frictional resistance force between the stainless steel plate arranged on the underside of the upper base plate and the sliding upper surface of the sliding plate, allowing horizontal displacement due to large vibrations to be tolerated and suppressed. The seismic isolation device can be used effectively and optimally in pile top seismic isolation or column base seismic isolation due to its large rotational displacement absorption capacity, and a miniaturized, compact seismic isolation device can be provided for use in pile top seismic isolation or column base seismic isolation. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0039] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an example of a seismic isolation device. [Figure 2] Front view of the seismic isolation device. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a sealed rubber bearing plate. [Figure 4] FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of a seismic isolation device in response to horizontal displacement. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of a seismic isolation device in response to compressive displacement. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of a seismic isolation device with respect to horizontal displacement and compressive displacement. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of a seismic isolation device with respect to rotational displacement and horizontal displacement. [Figure 9]FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of a seismic isolation device with respect to rotational displacement, horizontal displacement, and compressive displacement. [Figure 10] 1A and 1B are perspective and side views showing an example of a sealed rubber plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing; [Figure 11] 10A and 10B are perspective and side views showing another example of a sealed rubber plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing. [Figure 12] 10A and 10B are perspective and side views showing another example of a sealed rubber plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing. [Figure 13] 10A and 10B are perspective and side views showing another example of a sealed rubber plate of a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a front view of a seismic isolation device shown as another example. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of a seismic isolation device with respect to rotational displacement, horizontal displacement, and compressive displacement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0040] The seismic isolation device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, such as Fig. 1, which is an exploded perspective view of a seismic isolation device 10A shown as an example. Fig. 2 is a front view of the seismic isolation device 10A, and Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11. Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the laminated rubber bearing 12. Fig. 2 shows a cross section of the seismic isolation device 10A. In Fig. 1, the vertical direction is indicated by arrow X, and the horizontal direction is indicated by arrow Y.

[0041] The seismic isolation device 10A (including the seismic isolation device 10B described below) is installed (placed) between a building (superstructure) (main structure) such as a skyscraper, high-rise building, mid-rise building, low-rise building, reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete apartment building, or reinforced concrete detached house and the foundation (substructure) (supporting structure) that supports the building, or is used as a column base seismic isolation device on the intermediate floors of the superstructure, to protect the building from vibrations caused by earthquakes, etc. In addition, the seismic isolation devices 10A and 10B are installed (placed) between the bridge girder (superstructure) (main structure) of a bridge (including an elevated bridge) and the abutment (substructure) (supporting structure) (vertical support) that supports the bridge girder, to protect the bridge from vibrations caused by earthquakes, etc.

[0042] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on a building (superstructure) and a foundation (substructure) causing at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements between the building and the foundation, seismic isolation devices 10A and 10B follow the horizontal and compressive displacements to tolerate and suppress those displacements, and when large-scale vibrations caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher act on a building (superstructure) and a foundation (substructure) causing at least one of horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements between the building and the foundation, seismic isolation devices 10A and 10B follow the horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements to suppress those displacements.

[0043] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements between the bridge girder and abutment, seismic isolation devices 10A and 10B follow and suppress horizontal and compressive displacements, and when large-scale vibrations caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing at least one of horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacements between the bridge girder and abutment, seismic isolation devices 10A and 10B follow and suppress horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacements. They also favorably follow horizontal displacements caused by expansion and contraction of the bridge girder at normal times other than during an earthquake, and rotational and compressive displacements of the girder caused by loading.

[0044] The seismic isolation devices 10A, 10B are preferably used for pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation. In pile-top seismic isolation, the seismic isolation devices 10A, 10B are installed on top (pile head) of the pile part (foundation) (substructure) (not shown). Pile (material) includes steel pipe piles and concrete piles. Pile (construction method) includes embedded piles, pre-bored piles, inner-drilled piles, and rotary piles. In column-base seismic isolation, the seismic isolation devices 10A, 10B are installed on top of the column base part (foundation) (substructure) (not shown). Column base includes exposed column bases, root-wrapped column bases, and embedded column bases.

[0045] The seismic isolation device 10A is formed from a sealed rubber bearing plate 11 (a pressure equalizing distribution means with centering function) and laminated rubber bearings 12 aligned vertically, and is equipped with a lower anchor plate 13. The sealed rubber bearing plate 11 is designed for high surface pressure separately from the design of the laminated rubber bearing 12. The sealed rubber bearing plate 11 is located vertically upward and is connected to a building (superstructure) or bridge girder (superstructure). The sealed rubber bearing plate 11 (pressure equalizing distribution means) is equipped with an upper base plate 14 (upper shoe), a first pot 15 and a second pot 16 (lower shoe), a sealing 17, a sliding plate 18, and a sealed rubber plate 19 that has rubber elasticity and can be elastically deformed. In the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11, the upper base plate 14, sliding plate 18, first pot 15, sealing 17, sealed rubber plate 19, and second pot 16 are arranged in this order from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0046] The upper base plate 14 is formed from an upper anchor plate 20, a stainless steel plate mounting plate 21 attached to the underside of the upper anchor plate 20, and a stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) attached to the underside of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21. The upper anchor plate 20 and the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21 are made from steel plate or alloy, and their planar shape is formed into a substantially rectangular shape with a predetermined area. The stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) has a planar shape formed into a substantially octagonal shape with a predetermined area.

[0047] A peripheral stopper 78 extending vertically downward and surrounding the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21, located radially outward of the stainless steel plate 77, is formed on the peripheral edge in case of unexpected horizontal displacement. A sliding upper surface 38 (described below) of the sliding plate 18 slidably abuts against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77. A plurality of anchor bolts 22 (predetermined connecting means) extending upward from the upper surface 80 of the upper anchor plate 20 are installed on the upper base plate 14. The upper base plate 14 is firmly connected (fixed) to a building (superstructure) or bridge girder (superstructure) by the anchor bolts 22 installed in the upper anchor plate 20.

[0048] The first pot 15 (pot shoe) is made of steel or cast steel and is formed into a cylindrical shape with a bottom. The first pot 15 has a first pot portion 23 of a predetermined volume that is recessed vertically downward. The first pot portion 23 is formed of a disk-shaped bottom wall 24 and an annular peripheral wall 25 that extends vertically upward from the outer periphery of the bottom wall 24. The first pot portion 23 is defined by a circular upper opening 26 surrounded by the upper circumferential surface of the peripheral wall 25, and a cylindrical sliding plate accommodating space 27 that accommodates the sliding plate 18.

[0049] The second pot 16 (pot shoe) is made of steel or cast steel and is formed into a generally cylindrical shape with a bottom. The second pot 16 has a second pot portion 28 of a predetermined volume that is recessed vertically downward and has a larger diameter than that of the first pot 15. The second pot portion 28 is formed from a disk-shaped bottom wall 29 and an annular peripheral wall 30 that extends vertically upward from the outer periphery of the bottom wall 29. The second pot portion 28 is defined by a circular upper opening 31 surrounded by the upper peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 30 and a cylindrical rubber plate accommodating space 32 that accommodates the sealing rubber plate 19.

[0050] An annular flange 33 extending radially outward from the second pot 16 is formed around the lower end periphery of the second pot portion 28. A plurality of first screw holes 34 are drilled through the flange 33, penetrating its upper and lower surfaces. These first screw holes 34 are aligned at equal intervals around the periphery of the flange 33. First fixing bolts 35 are detachably screwed into these first screw holes 34.

[0051] The sealing 17 is made of metal or resin and is molded into an annular (ring) shape. The sealing 17 has an upper peripheral surface 36 and a lower peripheral surface 37 and is elastically deformable. The sliding plate 18 is made of a polymeric resin material with a low coefficient of friction, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyamide resin (PA), and is molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The sliding plate 18 has a circular upper sliding surface 38 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 39 with a predetermined area, and an annular band-like outer peripheral surface 40 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 38, 39.

[0052] The sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 has a predetermined coefficient of friction, and when vibrations caused by a large earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or greater cause horizontal displacement between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment), and a load greater than a preset horizontal load acts on the sealed rubber bearing 11 (sliding plate 18), sliding (horizontal movement) occurs between the sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 and the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14. The coefficient of friction of the sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 can be selected arbitrarily depending on the magnitude of the vibrations occurring between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment), the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber bearing 11, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18, etc., and the horizontal load that causes slippage can be determined.

[0053] The sealed rubber plate 19 is made from natural rubber with a breaking elongation (strain) of 400 to 600% or chloroprene rubber with a breaking elongation (strain) of 350 to 500%, and is molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The sealed rubber plate 19 has a circular upper surface 41 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 42 with a predetermined area, an annular band-like outer peripheral surface 43 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 41, 42, a circular central portion 44 extending radially outward from the center, and a ring-shaped peripheral portion 45 located radially outward from the central portion 44. When a rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to vibration caused by a large earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher, the sealed rubber plate 19 elastically deforms from the central portion 44 toward the peripheral portion 45, and the upper surface 41 tilts to follow the rotational displacement.

[0054] The laminated rubber bearing 12 is located vertically below the sealed rubber plate bearing 11 and is connected to the sealed rubber plate bearing 11, as well as to the foundation (substructure) (pile cap or column base) or abutment (substructure). Due to rubber design limitations, the laminated rubber bearing 12 is designed to have a lower surface pressure than the sealed rubber plate bearing 11. The laminated rubber bearing 12 includes an upper connecting plate 46, a lower connecting plate 47, a lower base plate 48, a plurality of first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c (rubber plates) that have rubber elasticity and are elastically deformable, and a plurality of first and second hard plates 50a, 50b (steel plates or alloys). In the laminated rubber bearing 12, the upper connecting plate 46, the rubber plates 49a to 49c and the hard plates 50a, 50b, the lower connecting plate 47, and the lower base plate 48 are arranged in this order from top to bottom in the vertical direction. Although not shown, the entire outer circumferential surface of the laminated rubber bearing 12 may be covered with a protective rubber.

[0055] The upper connecting plate 46 is made of steel plate or alloy and is formed into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The upper connecting plate 46 has a circular upper surface 51 with a predetermined area and a circular lower surface 52 with a predetermined area, and a plurality of second screw holes 53 are drilled around its periphery so as not to penetrate from the upper surface 51 to the lower surface 52. The second screw holes 53 are aligned at equal intervals around the periphery of the upper connecting plate 46. The first fixing bolts 35 are detachably screwed into the second screw holes 53.

[0056] The lower connecting plate 47 is made of steel plate or alloy and is formed into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The lower connecting plate 47 has the same shape and size as the upper connecting plate 46, a circular upper surface 54 with a predetermined area, and a circular lower surface 55 with a predetermined area. A plurality of third screw holes 56 are drilled around the periphery of the lower connecting plate 47 so as not to penetrate from the lower surface 55 to the upper surface 54. The third screw holes 56 are aligned at equal intervals around the periphery of the lower connecting plate 47. Second fixing bolts 57 are detachably screwed into the third screw holes 56.

[0057] The lower base plate 48 is made of steel plate or alloy and is formed into a rectangular shape with a predetermined thickness. The lower base plate 48 has a rectangular upper surface 58 with a predetermined area and a rectangular lower surface 59 with a predetermined area. A plurality of holes 60 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces 58, 59 are drilled around its periphery. The holes 60 are arranged at equal intervals around the periphery of the lower base plate 48. Second fixing bolts 57 are inserted into the holes 60 and are removably screwed into third screw holes 56 in the lower surface of the lower connecting plate 47 of the laminated rubber bearing 12. A plurality of holes 61 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces 58, 59 are drilled at the four corners of the lower base plate 48. Third fixing bolts 62 are inserted into the holes 61 and are removably screwed into fourth screw holes 71 formed in the lower anchor plate 13 (described below).

[0058] The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c (first to third rubber plates) are made of natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, or high-damping rubber and are molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c have the same shape and size and the same diameter. The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c each have a circular upper surface 63 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 64 with a predetermined area, and an annular outer peripheral surface 65 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 63, 64.

[0059] The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c undergo elastic deformation (shear deformation, compressive deformation) to follow the horizontal and compressive displacements when at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements occurs between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to small- or medium-scale vibration caused by a small- or medium-scale earthquake with a seismic intensity of 1 to 4. Furthermore, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c undergo elastic deformation (shear deformation, compressive deformation) when at least one of horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements occurs between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to vibration caused by a large earthquake with a seismic intensity of 5 or higher.

[0060] The first and second hard plates 50a, 50b are made of steel, alloy, or hard plastic and are formed into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The first and second hard plates 50a, 50b have the same shape, size, and diameter. The first and second hard plates 50a, 50b have a circular upper surface 66 with a predetermined area and a circular lower surface 67 with a predetermined area.

[0061] The lower anchor plate 13 is made from a steel plate or alloy and has a substantially rectangular planar shape. The lower anchor plate 13 has a rectangular upper surface 68 with a predetermined area and a rectangular lower surface 69 with a predetermined area. The lower anchor plate 13 has a plurality of anchor bolts 70 (predetermined connecting means) that extend downward from the lower surface 69. The lower anchor plate 13 is firmly connected (fixed) to a foundation (substructure) or an abutment (substructure) by these anchor bolts 70. A plurality of fourth screw holes 71 that penetrate the upper and lower surfaces 68, 69 are drilled at the four corners of the lower anchor plate 13. Third fixing bolts 62 are detachably screwed into these fourth screw holes 71.

[0062] In the sealed rubber bearing 11 that forms the seismic isolation device 10A, its upper base plate 14 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the building (superstructure) or bridge girder (superstructure). The anchor bolts 22 extending vertically upward from the upper base plate 14 are driven into the building (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete) or bridge girder (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete), and the upper base plate 14 is firmly connected (fixed) to the building or bridge girder.

[0063] In the seismic isolation device 10A, the sliding plate 18 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14, and the sliding plate 18 is accommodated in the sliding plate accommodating space 27 of the first pot portion 23 of the first pot 15. The lower surface 39 of the sliding plate 18 abuts (is in close contact with) the bottom wall 24 of the first pot portion 23, and the outer peripheral surface 40 of the sliding plate abuts (is in close contact with) the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 25 of the first pot portion 23.

[0064] The outer peripheral surface 40 of the sliding plate 18 abuts (closely contacts) against the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 25 of the first pot portion 23, thereby preventing loose movement in the first pot portion 23. The sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is exposed vertically upward from the upper opening 26 of the first pot portion 23. The sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 abuts (closely contacts) against the center position of the lower surface 78 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 so as to be slidable (horizontally movable).

[0065] In the seismic isolation device 10A, the first pot 15 is located inside (fits inside) the second pot portion 28 of the second pot 16, the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 25 of the first pot 15 is slidably arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 30 of the second pot 16, and the lower surface of the bottom wall 24 of the first pot 15 abuts (closely contacts) the upper surface 41 of the sealing rubber plate 19. The sealing 17 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 is disposed between the first pot 15 and the second pot 16 and is located inside the second pot portion 28 of the second pot 16. The upper peripheral surface 36 of the sealing 17 abuts (closely contacts) the lower surface of the bottom wall 25 of the first pot portion 23 of the first pot 15, and the lower peripheral surface 37 of the sealing 17 abuts (closely contacts) the upper surface 41 of the sealing rubber plate 19.

[0066] The sealed rubber plate 19 of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the first pot 15 (sealing 17) and is housed in the rubber plate housing space 32 of the second pot portion 28 of the second pot 16. The upper surface 41 of the sealed rubber plate 19 abuts (is in close contact with) the lower surface of the bottom wall 24 of the first pot portion 23, and the lower surface 42 of the sealed rubber plate 19 abuts (is in close contact with) the upper surface of the bottom wall 29 of the second pot portion 28 of the second pot 16. A portion of the outer peripheral surface 43 of the sealed rubber plate 19 abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 30 of the second pot 16.

[0067] The second pot 16 of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the first pot 15 (sealing 17), with its underside abutting (in close contact with) the upper surface 51 of the upper connecting plate 46. A first fixing bolt 35 is screwed into the hole 34 drilled in the second pot 16 and the second screw hole 53 drilled in the upper connecting plate 46, and the second pot 16 and the upper connecting plate 46 are firmly connected (fixed) together by the first fixing bolt 35.

[0068] In the laminated rubber bearing 12 that forms the seismic isolation device 10A, a first rubber plate 49a (first rubber plate) is disposed vertically below (directly below) the upper connecting plate 46, and the upper connecting plate 46 and the first rubber plate 49a overlap with a lower surface 52 of the upper connecting plate 46 and an upper surface 63 of the first rubber plate 49a abutting (in close contact). The lower surface 52 of the upper connecting plate 46 and the upper surface 63 of the first rubber plate 49a are connected by adhesive. A first hard plate 50a is disposed vertically below (directly below) the first rubber plate 49a, and the first rubber plate 49a and the first hard plate 50a overlap with a lower surface 64 of the first rubber plate 49a and an upper surface 66 of the first hard plate 50a abutting (in close contact). The lower surface 64 of the first rubber plate 49a and the upper surface 66 of the first hard plate 50a are connected by adhesive.

[0069] The second rubber plate 49b (second rubber plate) is disposed vertically below (directly below) the first hard plate 50a, and the first hard plate 50a and the second rubber plate 49b overlap with a state in which a lower surface 67 of the first hard plate 50a and an upper surface 63 of the second rubber plate 49b abut (are in close contact). The lower surface 67 of the first hard plate 50a and an upper surface 63 of the second rubber plate 49b are connected by adhesive. The second hard plate 50b is disposed vertically below (directly below) the second rubber plate 49b, and the second rubber plate 49b and the second hard plate 50b overlap with a lower surface 64 of the second rubber plate 49b and an upper surface 66 of the second hard plate 50b abut (are in close contact). The lower surface 64 of the second rubber plate 49b and an upper surface 66 of the second hard plate 50b are connected by adhesive. A third rubber plate 49c (third rubber plate) is disposed vertically below (directly below) the second hard plate 50b, and the second hard plate 50b and the third rubber plate 49c overlap with a lower surface 67 of the second hard plate 50b and an upper surface 63 of the third rubber plate 49c in abutting (close contact) state. The lower surface 67 of the second hard plate 50b and the upper surface 63 of the third rubber plate 49c are connected by adhesive.

[0070] The lower connecting plate 47 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the third rubber plate 49c, and the third rubber plate 49c and the lower connecting plate 47 overlap with a lower surface 64 of the third rubber plate 49c abutting (closely contacting) with an upper surface 54 of the lower connecting plate 47. The lower surface 64 of the third rubber plate 49c and the upper surface 54 of the lower connecting plate 47 are connected by adhesive. The lower base plate 48 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the lower connecting plate 47, and the lower connecting plate 47 and the lower base plate 48 overlap with a lower surface 55 of the lower connecting plate 47 abutting (closely contacting) with an upper surface 58 of the lower base plate 48. A second fixing bolt 57 is screwed into a third screw hole 56 drilled in the lower connecting plate 47 and a hole 60 drilled in the lower base plate 48, and the lower connecting plate 47 and the lower base plate 48 are firmly connected (fixed) by the second fixing bolt 57.

[0071] The lower anchor plate 13 is disposed vertically below (directly below) the lower base plate 48, and the lower base plate 48 and the lower anchor plate 13 overlap with a lower surface 59 of the lower base plate 48 and an upper surface 68 of the lower anchor plate 13 abutting (in close contact) against each other. A third fixing bolt 62 is screwed into a hole 61 drilled in the lower base plate 48 and a fourth screw hole 71 drilled in the lower anchor plate 13, and the lower base plate 48 and the lower anchor plate 13 are firmly connected (fixed) together by the third fixing bolt 62.

[0072] The lower anchor plate 13 is arranged vertically above (directly above) the foundation (substructure) (pile cap or column base) or abutment (substructure). The anchor bolts 70 extending vertically downward from the lower anchor plate 13 are driven into the foundation (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete) or abutment (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete), and the lower anchor plate 13 is firmly connected (fixed) to the foundation or abutment.

[0073] The seismic isolation device 10A can reliably transmit horizontal and compressive displacements that occur between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 to the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 and the laminated rubber bearing 12 via the upper base plate 14 and the lower anchor plate 13, and can reliably transmit horizontal, compressive and rotational displacements that occur between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to large vibrations caused by a large earthquake to the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 and the laminated rubber bearing 12 via the upper base plate 14 and the lower anchor plate 13.

[0074] 1 shows three first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c, the number of rubber plates 49a to 49c can be set within any range according to the required performance by changing the rubber hardness, thickness of each rubber layer, etc. Generally, if the number of rubber plates 49a to 49c is less than three, the elastic deformation (shear deformation, compressive deformation) of the rubber plates 49a to 49c cannot be fully utilized, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 cannot effectively reduce vibrations caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations due to a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4, and the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement cannot be sufficiently suppressed. If the number of rubber plates 49a to 49c exceeds six, vibrations may cause large horizontal or compressive displacement between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), which may result in large rotational deformation or buckling of the laminated rubber bearing 12 from the perspective of vertical load support capacity, making it impossible to adequately suppress horizontal or compressive displacement.

[0075] In the laminated rubber bearing 12, by setting the number of rubber plates 49a to 49c appropriately (preferably in the range of 3 to 6), even if a large rotational displacement occurs between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), the rubber plates 49a to 49c are designed not to tolerate rotational deformation in response to the rotational displacement beyond a predetermined level. In the present example, the number of rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 11 that forms the seismic isolation device 10A is three, and when at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements occurs between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to small-scale or medium-scale vibration caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4, the rubber plates 49a to 49c undergo elastic deformation (shear deformation, compressive deformation) to follow the horizontal and compressive displacements, and the horizontal and compressive displacements that occur between the upper structure and the lower structure are suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12.

[0076] In the seismic isolation device 10A, the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber bearing 12 is set to 20 MPa as stipulated in the component certification, and the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber plate bearing 11 is set to the range of 25 to 30 MPa, which is acceptable for a sliding bearing without a laminated rubber body. In the seismic isolation device 10A, these two bearings are combined in series and used at their respective maximum usable surface pressures. When the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 is A and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber plate bearing 11 is B, the following relationship holds: (1) A:B = 20 (MPa): 25 (MPa) or (2) A:B = 20 (MPa): 30 (MPa). In (1), 20A = 25B, so A = (25 / 20) × B, and A = 1.25B. In (2), 20A = 30B, and A = (30 / 20) × B, A = 1.5B. Therefore, in the seismic isolation device 10A, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 is set in the range of 1.25 to 1.5 times the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11.

[0077] The above pressure-receiving area ratio is one example, and other area ratios may be used as long as they do not exceed the maximum operating surface pressure of the laminated rubber bearing and the sealed rubber plate bearing 11. Also, in order to transmit the load applied to the sealed rubber plate bearing 11 evenly to the laminated rubber bearing 12 which has a larger pressure-receiving area directly below it, the thickness of the bottom surface of the sealed rubber plate bearing 11 and the thickness of the upper connecting plate 46 of the laminated rubber bearing 12 are increased to ensure a so-called 45-degree distribution.

[0078] In the seismic isolation device 10A, it is sufficient that the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the sliding plate 18, and it is sufficient that the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 is set to an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the rubber plates 49a to 49c. Also, in the seismic isolation device 10A, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate 18 and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates 49a to 49c have the relationship: sliding plate pressure-receiving area < rubber plate pressure-receiving area.

[0079] Fig. 5 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of the seismic isolation device 10A with respect to horizontal displacement, Fig. 6 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of the seismic isolation device 10A with respect to compressive displacement, and Fig. 7 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of the seismic isolation device 10A with respect to horizontal displacement and compressive displacement. Figs. 5 to 7 show the seismic isolation device 10A in cross section.

[0080] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on a building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement between the building and the foundation, or when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned intensity act on a bridge girder (superstructure) and an abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment, as shown in Figure 5, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A will shear in the horizontal direction, and these rubber plates 49a to 49c will follow the horizontal displacement between the building and foundation and the horizontal deformation between the bridge girder and the abutment while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, so that the horizontal displacement between the building and foundation is suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A, and the horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment is also suppressed.

[0081] Furthermore, even if small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on a building and foundation, or small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on a bridge girder and abutment, no load greater than the horizontal load preset by the friction coefficient of the sliding plate 18 and the support load will act on the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing plate support 11 of the seismic isolation device 10A, and therefore the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 will not slide horizontally relative to the lower surface 78 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 (will not move horizontally).

[0082] When small- or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small- or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing predominantly compressive displacement between the building and the foundation, or when small- or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small- or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing predominantly compressive displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment, as shown in Figure 6, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A undergo compressive deformation in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, and the outer surfaces 65 of these rubber plates bulge outward in the radial direction, and these rubber plates 49a to 49c follow the compressive displacement between the building and foundation and the bridge girder and abutment, thereby suppressing the compressive displacement between the building and the foundation by the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A, and the compressive displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment is suppressed.

[0083] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on a building (superstructure) and a foundation (substructure), causing horizontal and compressive displacements between the building and the foundation, or when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on a bridge girder (superstructure) and an abutment (substructure), causing horizontal and compressive displacements between the bridge girder and the abutment, as shown in FIG. 7, the seismic isolation device 10A The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation in the horizontal direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, and compressive deformation in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, and these rubber plates 49a to 49c follow the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the building and foundation and the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, so that the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A suppresses the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the building and foundation, and the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the bridge girder and abutment.

[0084] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations due to a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on an upper structure (building or bridge girder) and a lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement or compressive displacement, or horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the seismic isolation device 10A causes the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 to shear while maintaining a predetermined rigidity in the horizontal direction to follow the horizontal displacement, or the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 to compress while maintaining a predetermined rigidity in the vertical direction to follow the compressive displacement, or the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 to compress c has a predetermined rigidity in the horizontal and vertical directions, while undergoing shear deformation and compressive deformation to follow horizontal and compressive displacement, and the horizontal displacement between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12, and the compressive displacement between the superstructure and the substructure can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12, and the horizontal and compressive displacement between the superstructure and the substructure can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12, thereby reliably preventing the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and substructure (foundation or abutment) from shaking due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations.

[0085] Fig. 8 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of the seismic isolation device 10A with respect to rotational displacement and horizontal displacement, and Fig. 9 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of the seismic isolation device 10A with respect to rotational displacement, horizontal displacement, and compressive displacement. Figs. 8 and 9 show the seismic isolation device 10A in cross section.

[0086] When large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone, act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone) and rotational displacement When this occurs between the bridge girder and the abutment, as shown in Figure 8, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation, and the sealed rubber plate 19 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 follows the rotational displacement in all directions in the first pot portion 23, while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 due to a horizontal force that exceeds a predetermined static friction force, generating a predetermined kinetic friction force, thereby allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment.

[0087] In the seismic isolation device 10A, when large-scale vibrations caused by a large earthquake of the above-mentioned seismic intensity act on the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement and rotational displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, if a horizontal force greater than the static friction force between the sliding plate 18 and the stainless steel plate 77 acts, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 remain shear deformed, and the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) (the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 moves horizontally against the upper base plate 14).

[0088] When large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone), compression displacement, and rotation displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone), compression displacement, and rotation displacement between the bridge girder and abutment. In this case, as shown in Figure 9, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation and compression deformation, and the sealed rubber plate 19 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 follows the rotational displacement so as to be deformable in all directions in the first pot portion 23, while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined dynamic friction force, thereby allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment.

[0089] In the seismic isolation device 10A, when large-scale vibrations caused by a large earthquake of the above-mentioned seismic intensity act on the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement, compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, if a horizontal force greater than the static friction force between the sliding plate 18 and the stainless steel plate 77 acts, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will remain shear deformed and compressively deformed, and the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 will slide horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) (the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 will move horizontally against the upper base plate 14).

[0090] In the seismic isolation device 10A, when large-scale vibrations cause the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 to slide significantly horizontally relative to the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) (the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 moves significantly horizontally relative to the upper base plate 14), and the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 moves to the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14, the peripheral wall 30 of the second pot portion 28 of the second pot 16 of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 abuts (collides) against the peripheral stopper 78 formed on the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21, preventing further horizontal movement of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11.

[0091] When large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or greater, which exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacements by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone, act on the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacements (large horizontal displacements that cannot be tolerated and suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone), rotational displacements, and compressive displacements between the upper structure and the lower structure, the laminated rubber bearings 12 compress and deform in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity. The laminated rubber bearing 12 can suppress compressive displacement by following the displacement, and the sealed rubber plate 19 of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 compresses and deforms to follow rotational displacement in all directions, maintaining the horizontal and sliding state of the sliding plate 18 against the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14, while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally (moves horizontally) against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing large horizontal displacement.

[0092] The seismic isolation device 10A comprises an upper base plate 14 with a predetermined area of ​​sealed rubber bearing plate support 11, a first pot 15 with a first pot portion 23 and located below the upper base plate 14, a second pot 16 with a second pot portion 29 and located below the first pot 15, a sliding plate 18 housed in the first pot portion 23 and with its sliding upper surface 38 of a predetermined area in slidable contact with the underside 79 of a stainless steel plate 77 arranged on the underside of the upper base plate 14, and a sealed rubber plate 19 housed in the second pot portion 28 of the second pot 16. The sealed rubber plate 19 compresses and deforms to follow rotational displacements in all directions, while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby reliably suppressing large horizontal displacements caused by large-scale vibrations.

[0093] The seismic isolation device 10A can reliably prevent large shaking, damage, destruction, and collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large-scale vibrations, because the sealed rubber bearing plate bearings 11 and laminated rubber bearings 12 suppress the horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused in the upper structure and lower structure by large-scale vibrations due to a major earthquake. The seismic isolation device 10A can suppress each displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations and large-scale vibrations, and although it can handle small, medium, and large vibrations, it does not become large, and a compact seismic isolation device 10A can be provided.

[0094] When the seismic isolation device 10A is used for pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations, while the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement. The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the bearing 12 undergo compressive deformation to accommodate compressive displacement due to large-scale vibrations, allowing the laminated rubber bearing 12 to suppress the compressive displacement, and the sealed rubber plate 19 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 deforms in all directions to accommodate rotational displacement due to large-scale vibrations, while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14, allowing for and suppressing horizontal displacement due to large vibrations. The seismic isolation device 10A can be effectively and optimally used in pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation, and a miniaturized, compact seismic isolation device 10A can be provided for use in pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation.

[0095] When the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 of the seismic isolation device 10A moves to the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14, the peripheral wall 30 of the second pot portion 28 abuts (collides with) the peripheral stopper 78, preventing further horizontal movement of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11. This prevents the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 from falling outward from the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate 77, preventing damage to the seismic isolation device 10A, and reducing damage to the entrance area of ​​the structure, etc., in the event of a major earthquake that exceeds expectations, without exceeding the set clearance (movement range) between the structure and its outer periphery.

[0096] Figure 10 is a perspective view and a side view showing an example of the sealed rubber plate 19a of the sealed rubber bearing 11. The sealed rubber plate 19a shown in Figure 10 is made from the aforementioned natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber, and is molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The sealed rubber plate 19a has a circular upper surface 41 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 42 with a predetermined area, and an annular outer peripheral surface 43 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 41, 42, as well as a circular central portion 72 extending radially outward from the center thereof, and a ring-shaped peripheral edge portion 73 located radially outward from the central portion 72.

[0097] The vertical hardness of the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a is smaller (lower) than the vertical hardness of the central portion 72, and the flexibility of the peripheral portion 73 is greater than that of the central portion 72. Therefore, the peripheral portion 73 elastically deforms more easily in all directions than the central portion 72. The central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19a resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion 73 deforms in all directions to easily follow the rotational displacement. When a large-scale vibration caused by a major earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher causes rotational displacement in the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a, which has a lower hardness, easily elastically deforms in all directions (deforms in all directions) to follow the rotational displacement. The peripheral portion 73 of the sealing rubber plate 19a elastically deforms in all directions (deforms in all directions) to follow the rotational displacement, so that the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 and the sliding plate 18 are maintained in a sliding contact state on the entire surface without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77).

[0098] In the seismic isolation device 10 using the sealed rubber plate 19a of FIG. 10, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more beyond expectations, which makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement due to shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 12, act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 is deformed in shear, the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19a of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 resists the rotational displacement, while the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a, which has less hardness, easily deforms (tilts) in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to follow the rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 is maintained in full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 8).

[0099] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19a of FIG. 10, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation and compressive deformation, and While the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19a of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 resists rotational and compressive displacement, the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a, which has less hardness, easily deforms (tilts) in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to follow rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 is maintained in full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 9).

[0100] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19a of FIG. 10, the vertical hardness of the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a is smaller than the vertical hardness of the central portion 72 thereof, and the flexibility of the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a is greater than that of the central portion 72. The central portion 72 does not easily elastically deform and resists rotational displacement or compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion 73 easily elastically deforms and follows rotational displacement. Therefore, when rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to large-scale vibration, the flexible peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19a can easily elastically deform and follow the rotational displacement. The edge 73 can easily deform (tilt) in all directions to follow rotational displacement, thereby preventing the occurrence of inadvertent separation of the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11, and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides reliably horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined frictional force, so that the horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused in the upper structure and lower structure by large vibrations can be fully suppressed by the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11, reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse, and collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large vibrations.

[0101] Figure 11 is a perspective view and a side view showing another example of the sealed rubber plate 19b of the sealed rubber bearing 11. The sealed rubber plate 19b shown in Figure 11 is made from the aforementioned natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber, and is molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The sealed rubber plate 19b has a circular upper surface 41 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 42 with a predetermined area, and an annular outer peripheral surface 43 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 41, 42. It also has a circular central portion 72 extending radially outward from the center thereof, and a ring-shaped peripheral edge portion 73 located radially outward from the central portion 72.

[0102] The sealed rubber plate 19b of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 has slits 75 (cutouts) formed around the entire periphery of the peripheral edge 72, tapering radially inward from the circumferential surface 74 of the peripheral edge 72, and the peripheral edge 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19b is divided vertically by the slits 75. Therefore, the peripheral edge 73 elastically deforms more easily in all directions than the central portion 72. The central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19b resists rotational and compressive displacement, while the peripheral edge 73 easily deforms in all directions to easily follow rotational displacement. When rotational displacement occurs in the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and substructure (foundation or abutment) due to large-scale vibration caused by a large earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher, the peripheral edge 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19b, where the slits 75 (cutouts) are formed, easily elastically deforms in all directions (deforms in all directions) to follow the rotational displacement. The peripheral portion 73 of the sealing rubber plate 19b elastically deforms in all directions (deforms in all directions) to follow the rotational displacement, so that the sliding plate 18 is maintained in a state of full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77).

[0103] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19b of FIG. 11, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement only by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 12, act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will not be able to suppress the large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by the large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement only by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 12, As the bearing undergoes shear deformation, the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19b of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 resists rotational displacement, while the peripheral portion 73 where the slits 75 (cutout portion) of the sealed rubber plate 19b are formed easily deforms in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to follow the rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 is maintained in full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 8).

[0104] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19b in FIG. 11, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will undergo shear deformation and compressive deformation, and the sealed rubber bearing While the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19b of the bearing plate bearing 11 resists rotational and compressive displacement, the peripheral portion 73 where the slits 75 (cutout portion) of the sealed rubber plate 19b are formed easily deforms in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to follow the rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 against the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 is maintained in a full sliding contact state without any gaps (a state in which the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 9).

[0105] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19b of FIG. 11, slits 75 (cutout portions) are formed in the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19b, and the central portion 72 resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement without easily elastically deforming, while the slits 75 allow the peripheral portion 73 to easily deform and follow the rotational displacement. Therefore, when a rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to a large-scale vibration, the peripheral portion 73 where the slits 75 of the sealed rubber plate 19b are formed easily deforms in all directions and rotates. The sealed rubber bearing 11 follows the rotational displacement, thereby preventing the occurrence of inadvertent separation of the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing 11, and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides reliably horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined frictional force, so that the horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused in the upper structure and lower structure by large vibrations can be fully suppressed by the sealed rubber bearing 11, and large shaking, damage, collapse, and collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large vibrations can be reliably prevented.

[0106] Figure 12 is a perspective view and a side view showing another example of the sealed rubber plate 19c of the sealed rubber bearing 11. The sealed rubber plate 19c shown in Figure 12 is made from the aforementioned natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber, and is molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The sealed rubber plate 19c has a circular upper surface 41 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 42 with a predetermined area, and an annular outer peripheral surface 43 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 41, 42. It also has a circular central portion 72 extending radially outward from the center of the plate, and a ring-shaped peripheral portion 73 located radially outward from the central portion 72.

[0107] The sealed rubber plate 19c of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 has a peripheral edge 73 whose thickness gradually decreases from the center 72 side to the peripheral surface 74 (periphery) so as to slope downward, and is tapered radially outward. Therefore, the sealed rubber plate 19c has a central portion 72 that resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, while the peripheral edge 73 slopes downward toward the outer periphery.

[0108] Rotational displacement is easily tolerated. When rotational displacement occurs between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to large-scale vibration caused by a major earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher, the sealed rubber plate 19c can easily tilt in all directions due to the peripheral portion 73, whose thickness gradually decreases from the center portion 72 toward the peripheral surface 74 (periphery), thereby allowing for rotational displacement. The peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19c slopes downward toward the outer periphery, allowing for rotational displacement, so that the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 and the sliding plate 18 are maintained in a sliding contact state across their entire surfaces without any gaps (the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77).

[0109] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19c of FIG. 12, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which is beyond expectations and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement due to shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearings, act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, shear deformation occurs in the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearings, and the sealed rubber bearings While the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19c of the bearing plate support 11 resists rotational displacement, the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19c, whose thickness gradually decreases as it slopes downward from the side of the central portion 72 towards the peripheral surface 74 (periphery), easily allows rotational displacement in all directions in the second pot portion 28, and the sliding plate 18 is maintained in full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 8).

[0110] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19c of FIG. 12, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will undergo shear deformation and compressive deformation, and the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 will undergo shear deformation and compressive deformation. While the central portion 72 of the closed rubber plate 19c resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, the peripheral portion 73 of the closed rubber plate 19c, whose thickness gradually decreases from the central portion 72 side towards the peripheral surface 74 (periphery), can easily tilt in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to allow rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 is maintained in full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 9).

[0111] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19c of FIG. 12, the thickness dimension of the peripheral edge portion 73 gradually decreases so as to slope downward from the side of the central portion 72 toward the peripheral surface 74 (periphery), and the central portion 72 resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement without easily elastically deforming, while the peripheral edge portion 73, whose thickness gradually decreases, easily allows rotational displacement. Therefore, when rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to large-scale vibration, the peripheral edge portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19c easily moves in all directions. Rotational displacement is permitted, thereby preventing the occurrence of inadvertent separation of the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11, and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides reliably horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined frictional force, and the horizontal, rotational and compressive displacement caused in the upper and lower structures by large vibrations can be sufficiently suppressed by the sealed rubber bearing plate 11, reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse or collapse of the upper and lower structures due to large vibrations.In addition, although the slope of the peripheral edge 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19c is downward in Figure 12, it can also be upward.

[0112] Figure 13 is a perspective view and a side view showing another example of a sealed rubber plate 19d of the sealed rubber bearing 11. The sealed rubber plate 19d shown in Figure 13 is made from the aforementioned natural rubber, synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber, and a rigid member 76, and is molded into a disk shape with a predetermined thickness. The sealed rubber plate 19d has a circular upper surface 41 with a predetermined area, a circular lower surface 42 with a predetermined area, and an annular outer peripheral surface 43 extending between the upper and lower surfaces 41, 42, as well as a circular central portion 72 extending radially outward from the center thereof, and a ring-shaped peripheral edge portion 73 located radially outward from the central portion 72.

[0113] The sealed rubber plate 19d of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11 has a rigid member 76 attached to its central portion 72 that makes the rigidity of the central portion 72 greater in the compression direction than that of the peripheral portion 73, making the flexibility of the peripheral portion 73 greater (higher) than that of the central portion 72. Therefore, the peripheral portion 73 elastically deforms more easily in all directions than the central portion 72. The sealed rubber plate 19d has a central portion 72 that resists rotational and compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion 73 easily deforms in all directions to easily follow rotational displacement. When rotational displacement occurs in the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and substructure (foundation or abutment) due to large-scale vibration caused by a large earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher, the highly flexible peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19d easily elastically deforms in all directions (deforms in all directions) to follow the rotational displacement. The peripheral portion 73 of the sealing rubber plate 19d easily elastically deforms (deforms in all directions) in all directions to follow the rotational displacement, so that the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 and the sliding plate 18 are maintained in a sliding contact state on the entire surface without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77).

[0114] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19d of FIG. 13, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which is beyond expectations and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement due to shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing 12, act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, shear deformation occurs in the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12. At the same time, the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19d of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11 resists rotational displacement, while the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19d, which has greater (higher) flexibility than the central portion 72, easily deforms (tilts) in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to follow the rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 is maintained in full sliding contact with the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 without any gaps (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in parallel contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 8).

[0115] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19d of FIG. 13, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) due to a large earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 alone), compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will undergo shear deformation and compressive deformation, and the sealed rubber bearing While the central portion 72 of the sealed rubber plate 19d of the plate bearing 11 resists rotational displacement and compressive displacement, the peripheral portion 73 of the sealed rubber plate 19d, which has greater (higher) flexibility than the central portion 72, easily deforms (tilts) in all directions in the second pot portion 28 to follow the rotational displacement, and the sliding plate 18 against the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 maintains a full sliding contact state without creating a gap (the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 is in contact with the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77), while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and also horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 9).

[0116] In the seismic isolation device 10A using the sealed rubber plate 19d of FIG. 13, a rigid member 76 that makes the rigidity in the compression direction greater than that of the peripheral edge portion 73 is installed in the central portion 72, and the flexibility of the peripheral edge portion 73 is greater than that of the central portion 72. The central portion 72 resists rotational displacement and compression displacement without easily elastically deforming, while the peripheral edge portion 73, which has greater (higher) flexibility than the central portion 72, easily elastically deforms and follows rotational displacement. Therefore, when rotational displacement occurs in the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to large-scale vibration, the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate 19d 73 can easily deform (tilt) in all directions to follow rotational displacement, thereby preventing the occurrence of inadvertent separation of the sliding plate 18 of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 11, and the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides reliably horizontally against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined frictional force, so that the horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused in the upper structure and lower structure by large vibrations can be fully suppressed by the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 19d, reliably preventing large shaking, damage, collapse, and collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large vibrations.

[0117] 14 and 15 show embodiments including a spherical plain bearing 82 according to additional claims 10 and 11.

[0118] Fig. 14 is a front view of another example of a seismic isolation device 10B, and Fig. 15 is a front view showing an example of the behavior of the seismic isolation device 10B with respect to rotational displacement, horizontal displacement, and compressive displacement. The seismic isolation device 10B shown in Fig. 14 differs from that shown in Fig. 1 in that a spherical plain bearing 82 is used instead of the sealed rubber bearing plate 11.

[0119] The seismic isolation device 10B is formed from pressure equalizing distribution means 81 (pressure equalizing distribution means with centering function) and laminated rubber bearings 12 lined up in the vertical direction, and is equipped with a lower anchor plate 13. The pressure equalizing distribution means 81 is located vertically upward and is connected to a building (superstructure) or bridge girder (superstructure). The pressure equalizing distribution means 81 is formed from an upper base plate 14 (upper shoe), a sliding plate 18, and a spherical plain bearing 82. In the pressure equalizing distribution means 81, the upper base plate 14 → sliding plate 18 → spherical plain bearing 82 are lined up in this order from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0120] The upper base plate 14 is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 10A and is formed from an upper anchor plate 20, a stainless steel plate mounting plate 21 attached to the underside of the upper anchor plate 20, and a stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) attached to the underside of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21. A peripheral stopper 78 extending vertically downward and surrounding the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21 is formed on the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21, which is located radially outward of the stainless steel plate 77. The upper base plate 14 is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts 22 (predetermined connecting means) extending upward from an upper surface 80 of the upper anchor plate 20, and the upper base plate 14 is firmly connected (fixed) to a building (superstructure) or a bridge girder (superstructure) by these anchor bolts 22 attached to the upper anchor plate 20.

[0121] The spherical plain bearing 82 is made up of an outer ring 83 and an inner ring 84. The outer ring 83 is made of steel or cast steel, and has a bottom 85 and a spherical inner circumferential surface 86. An annular flange 87 is formed at the bottom of the outer ring 83, extending radially outward from the outer ring 83. A plurality of first screw holes (not shown) are drilled through the upper and lower surfaces of the flange 87, and are arranged at equal intervals around the periphery of the flange 87. First fixing bolts 35 (see FIG. 1) are detachably screwed into these first screw holes, and the outer ring 83 is connected to the upper connecting plate 46 of the laminated rubber bearing 12 by the first fixing bolts.

[0122] The inner ring 84 is made of steel, cast steel, copper alloy, resin, or the like, is positioned above the outer ring 83, and has a spherical outer peripheral surface 88 and a mounting recess 89. The inner ring 84 is mounted on the spherical inner peripheral surface 86 of the outer ring 83, with its spherical outer peripheral surface 88 in slidable contact (spherical contact) with the spherical inner peripheral surface 86 of the outer ring 83. A sliding plate 18 is mounted and fixed in the mounting recess 89 of the inner ring 84. When rotational displacement occurs between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment) due to vibrations caused by an earthquake, the spherical outer peripheral surface 88 of the inner ring 84 slides against the spherical inner peripheral surface 86 of the outer ring 83, and the spherical plain bearing 82 follows the rotational displacement.

[0123] The sliding plate 18 is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 10A, and its upper sliding surface 38 has a predetermined coefficient of friction, so that when vibrations caused by a large earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or greater cause horizontal displacement between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), and a horizontal load greater than a predetermined horizontal load acts on the spherical plain bearing 82, sliding (horizontal movement) occurs between the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18, which is accommodated and fixed in the accommodation recess 89 provided in the inner ring 84, and the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14. The coefficient of friction of the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 can be selected arbitrarily depending on the magnitude of the vibrations occurring between the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the spherical plain bearing 82, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18, etc., and the horizontal load that causes sliding can be determined.

[0124] The laminated rubber bearing 12 is the same as that of the seismic isolation device 10A and is located vertically below the pressure equalizing means 81 (spherical plain bearing 82). It is connected to the outer ring 83 of the spherical plain bearing 82 and is also connected to the foundation (substructure) (pile cap or column base) or abutment (substructure). The laminated rubber bearing 12 includes an upper connecting plate 46, a lower connecting plate 47, a lower base plate 48, a plurality of first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c (rubber plates) that have rubber elasticity and are elastically deformable, and a plurality of first and second hard plates 50a and 50b (steel plates or alloy plates). In the laminated rubber bearing 12, the upper connecting plate 46, the rubber plates 49a to 49c and the hard plates 50a and 50b, the lower connecting plate 47, and the lower base plate 48 are arranged in this order from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0125] The upper connecting plate 46, the lower connecting plate 47, the lower base plate 48, and the lower anchor plate 13 are the same as those of the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A. The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c (first to third rubber plates) and the first and second hard plates 50a, 50b are the same as those of the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10A. The first fixing bolt 35 is detachably screwed into the second screw hole 53 of the upper connecting plate 46. The second fixing bolt 57 is detachably screwed into the third screw hole 56 of the lower connecting plate 47.

[0126] A second fixing bolt 57 is inserted through a hole 60 in the lower base plate 48 and is detachably screwed into a third screw hole 56 in the underside of the lower connecting plate 47 of the laminated rubber bearing 12. A third fixing bolt 62 is inserted through a hole 61 in the lower base plate 48 and is detachably screwed into a fourth screw hole 71 formed in the lower anchor plate 13. The lower anchor plate 13 has a plurality of anchor bolts 70 (predetermined connecting means) that extend downward from its underside 69. The lower anchor plate 13 is firmly connected (fixed) to the foundation (substructure) or abutment (substructure) by these anchor bolts 70. A third fixing bolt 62 is detachably screwed into the fourth screw hole 71 in the lower anchor plate 13.

[0127] When at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements occurs between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c undergo elastic deformation (shear deformation, compressive deformation) to follow the horizontal and compressive displacements, and when at least one of horizontal, rotational and compressive displacements occurs between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to vibrations caused by a large earthquake, they undergo elastic deformation (shear deformation, compressive deformation).

[0128] In the seismic isolation device 10B, the upper base plate 14 is placed vertically below (directly below) a building (superstructure) or bridge girder (superstructure), and the anchor bolts 22 extending vertically upward from the upper base plate 14 are driven into the building (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete) or bridge girder (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete), thereby firmly connecting (fixing) the upper base plate 14 to the building or bridge girder. Also, the lower anchor plate 13 is placed vertically above (directly above) a foundation (substructure) (pile cap or column base) or abutment (substructure), and the anchor bolts 70 extending vertically downward from the lower anchor plate 13 are driven into the foundation (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete) or abutment (reinforced concrete, reinforced steel concrete), thereby firmly connecting (fixing) the lower anchor plate 13 to the foundation or abutment.

[0129] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on a building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement between the building and the foundation, or when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned intensity act on a bridge girder (superstructure) and an abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10B undergo shear deformation in the horizontal direction (see Figure 5), and these rubber plates 49a to 49c follow the horizontal displacement between the building and foundation and the horizontal deformation between the bridge girder and the abutment while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, so that the horizontal displacement between the building and foundation is suppressed by the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10B, and the horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment is suppressed.

[0130] Furthermore, even if small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on a building and its foundation, or small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on a bridge girder and abutment, a load greater than the horizontal load preset by the friction coefficient between the sliding plate 18 and the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14 and the support load will not act on the sliding plate 18 of the seismic isolation device 10B, and therefore the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 will not slide horizontally relative to the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 (will not move horizontally).

[0131] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure) causing predominantly compressive displacement between the building and the foundation, or when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the aforementioned seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure) causing predominantly compressive displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10B undergo compressive deformation in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity (see Figure 6), and the outer surfaces 65 of these rubber plates bulge outward in the radial direction, and these rubber plates 49a to 49c follow the compressive displacement between the building and foundation and the bridge girder and abutment, thereby suppressing the compressive displacement between the building and foundation by the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10B and suppressing the compressive displacement between the bridge girder and the abutment.

[0132] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the seismic intensity mentioned above act on a building (superstructure) and a foundation (substructure), causing horizontal and compressive displacements between the building and the foundation, or when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of the seismic intensity mentioned above act on a bridge girder (superstructure) and an abutment (substructure), causing horizontal and compressive displacements between the bridge girder and the abutment, the laminated rubber bearing 12 of the seismic isolation device 10B The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c undergo shear deformation in the horizontal direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, and compressive deformation in the vertical direction while maintaining a predetermined rigidity (see Figure 7), and these rubber plates 49a to 49c follow the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the building and foundation and the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the bridge girder and abutment, so that the laminated rubber bearings 12 of the seismic isolation device 10B suppress the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the building and foundation, and the horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the bridge girder and abutment.

[0133] When small-scale or medium-scale vibrations due to a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 1 to 4 act on an upper structure (building or bridge girder) and a lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement or compressive displacement, or horizontal displacement and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the seismic isolation device 10B has a structure in which the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation while maintaining a predetermined rigidity to follow the horizontal displacement, or the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo compressive deformation while maintaining a predetermined rigidity to follow the compressive displacement, or the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation while maintaining a predetermined rigidity to follow the compressive displacement, or the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation while maintaining a predetermined rigidity to follow the compressive displacement. The laminated rubber bearings 12 have a predetermined rigidity in the axial and vertical directions, while undergoing shear and compressive deformation to follow horizontal and compressive displacement, and horizontal displacement between the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12, compressive displacement between the superstructure and the substructure can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12, and horizontal and compressive displacement between the superstructure and the substructure can be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12, thereby reliably preventing swaying of the superstructure (building or bridge girder) and the substructure (foundation or abutment) due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations.

[0134] When large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone, act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone) and rotational displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone) and rotational displacement If a displacement occurs between the bridge girder and the abutment, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation, and the spherical outer surface 88 of the inner ring 84 slides against the spherical inner circumferential surface 86 of the outer ring 83, causing the spherical plain bearing 82 to follow the rotational displacement, and the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14, generating a predetermined kinetic friction force in the horizontal direction due to a horizontal force that exceeds a predetermined static friction force, thereby allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the structure and foundation, and allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment (see Figure 8).

[0135] In the seismic isolation device 10B, when large-scale vibrations caused by a large earthquake of the above-mentioned seismic intensity act on the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement and rotational displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, if a horizontal force greater than the static friction force between the sliding plate 18 and the stainless steel plate 77 acts, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will remain shear deformed and the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 will slide horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) (the spherical sliding bearing 82 will move horizontally against the upper base plate 14).

[0136] When large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the building (superstructure) and foundation (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone), compression displacement, and rotation displacement between the building and foundation, or when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large earthquake of the above seismic intensity act on the bridge girder (superstructure) and abutment (substructure), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone), compression displacement, and rotation displacement between the bridge girder and abutment. In this case, as shown in FIG. 14, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation and compression deformation, and the spherical outer peripheral surface 88 of the inner ring 84 slides against the spherical inner peripheral surface 86 of the outer ring 83, causing the spherical plain bearing 82 to follow the rotational displacement, while the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the building and foundation, and allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement between the bridge girder and abutment.

[0137] In the seismic isolation device 10B, when large-scale vibrations caused by a large earthquake of the above-mentioned magnitude act on the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement, compressive displacement, and rotational displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, if a horizontal force greater than the static friction force between the sliding plate 18 and the stainless steel plate 77 acts, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 will remain shear deformed and compressively deformed, and the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 will slide horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) (the spherical sliding bearing 82 will move horizontally against the upper base plate 14).

[0138] In the seismic isolation device 10B, when large-scale vibrations cause the upper sliding surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 to slide horizontally significantly relative to the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) (the spherical sliding bearing 82 moves horizontally significantly relative to the upper base plate 14), and the spherical sliding bearing 82 moves to the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate 77 of the upper base plate 14, the outer periphery of the outer ring 83 of the spherical sliding bearing 82 abuts (collides with) the peripheral stopper 78 formed on the peripheral edge of the stainless steel plate mounting plate 21, preventing further horizontal movement of the spherical sliding bearing 82.

[0139] In the seismic isolation device 10B, when large-scale vibrations (predetermined vibrations) caused by a large-scale earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or more, which exceeds the expected amount and makes it difficult to suppress horizontal displacement by shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone, act on the upper structure (building or bridge girder) and the lower structure (foundation or abutment), causing horizontal displacement (large horizontal displacement that cannot be tolerated and suppressed by the laminated rubber bearings 12 alone), rotational displacement, and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the laminated rubber bearings 12 undergo compressive deformation while maintaining a predetermined rigidity, and follow the compressive displacement, thereby suppressing the laminated rubber bearings 12. Compressive displacement can be suppressed by the bearing 12, and the spherical outer surface 88 of the inner ring 84 slides against the spherical inner surface 86 of the outer ring 83, allowing the spherical plain bearing 82 to follow the rotational displacement, and while maintaining the horizontal state and sliding state of the sliding plate 18 against the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14, the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally (moves horizontally) against the underside 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 while generating a predetermined frictional force, thereby suppressing large horizontal displacements caused by large-scale vibrations.

[0140] The seismic isolation device 10B can reliably prevent large shaking, damage, destruction, and collapse of the upper structure and lower structure due to large vibrations, because the pressure evenly distributing means 81 including the spherical plain bearings 82 and the laminated rubber bearings 12 suppress the horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement caused in the upper structure and lower structure by large-scale vibrations. The seismic isolation device 10B can suppress each displacement caused by small-scale or medium-scale vibrations and large-scale vibrations, and although it can handle small, medium, and large vibrations, it does not become large, and a compact seismic isolation device 10B can be provided.

[0141] When the seismic isolation device 10B is used for pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation, the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo shear deformation to follow horizontal displacement due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations, while the first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the laminated rubber bearing 12 undergo compressive deformation to follow compressive displacement due to small-scale or medium-scale vibrations, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement, and the laminated rubber bearing 12 can tolerate and suppress horizontal displacement and compressive displacement due to the laminated rubber bearing 12. The first to third rubber plates 49a to 49c of the bearing 12 undergo compressive deformation to accommodate compressive displacement due to large-scale vibrations, allowing the laminated rubber bearing 12 to suppress the compressive displacement, and the spherical outer peripheral surface 88 of the inner ring 84 slides against the spherical inner peripheral surface 86 of the outer ring 83, allowing the spherical plain bearing 82 to accommodate rotational displacement, while the sliding upper surface 38 of the sliding plate 18 slides horizontally against the lower surface 79 of the stainless steel plate 77 (sliding plate) of the upper base plate 14, thereby allowing and suppressing horizontal displacement due to large vibrations. The seismic isolation device 10B can be effectively and optimally used in pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation, and a miniaturized, compact seismic isolation device 10B can be provided for use in pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation.

[0142] In seismic isolation device 10B, when spherical plain bearing 82 moves to the peripheral edge of stainless steel plate 77 of upper base plate 14, the outer periphery of outer ring 83 of spherical plain bearing 82 abuts (collides) with peripheral stopper 78, preventing further horizontal movement of spherical plain bearing 82. This prevents spherical plain bearing 82 from falling outward from the peripheral edge of stainless steel plate 77, preventing damage to seismic isolation device 10B and reducing damage to the entrance and other areas of the structure in the event of a major earthquake that exceeds expectations, without exceeding the set clearance (movement range) between the structure and its outer periphery. [Explanation of symbols]

[0143] 10A Seismic isolation device 10B Seismic isolation device 11 Sealed rubber bearing plate bearing 12 Laminated rubber bearing 13 Lower anchor plate 14 Upper base plate (upper shoe) 15 Pot 1 16 Second Pot 17 Ceiling 18 Slide 19 Sealing rubber plate 20 Upper anchor plate 21 Stainless steel mounting plate 22 Anchor bolt (prescribed connection means) 23 First pot section 24 Bottom wall 25 Peripheral wall 26 Upper opening 27. Sliding board storage space 28 Second pot section 29 Bottom Wall 30 Peripheral wall 31 Upper opening 32 Rubber plate storage space 33 flange 34 First screw hole (first fixing bolt hole) 35 First fixing bolt 36 Upper end circumferential surface 37 Lower end circumferential surface 38 Top 39 Bottom side 40 Outer surface 41 Top side 42 Bottom surface 43 Outer surface 44 Central part 45 Periphery 46 Upper connecting plate 47 Lower connecting plate 48 Lower base plate 49a~49c 1st~3rd rubber plates 50a, 50b First and second hard plates 51 Top side 52 Bottom surface 53 Second screw hole (screw hole for first fixing bolt) 54 Top 55 Bottom side 56 Third screw hole (Second fixing bolt screw hole) 57 Second fixing bolt 58 Top 59 Bottom side 60 holes (second fixing bolt holes) 61 holes (holes for the third fixing bolt) 62 Third fixing bolt 63 Top surface 64 Bottom surface 65 Outer surface 66 Top surface 67 Bottom surface 68 Top 69 Bottom side 70 Anchor bolt (prescribed connection means) 71 4th screw hole (3rd fixing bolt screw hole) 72 Central part 73 Periphery 74 Peripheral surface 75 slit 76 Rigid Members 77 Stainless steel plate (sliding plate) 78 Peripheral wall stopper 79 Bottom surface 80 Top 81 Pressure equalization means 82 Spherical plain bearing 83 Outer Ring 84 Inner Circle 85 Bottom 86 Spherical inner surface 87 Flange 88 Spherical outer surface 89 Storage recess

Claims

1. A seismic isolation device is installed between an upper structure and a lower structure supporting the upper structure, and when a predetermined vibration acts on the upper structure and the lower structure, causing at least one of horizontal displacement, rotational displacement, and compressive displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure, the seismic isolation device follows the horizontal displacement, the rotational displacement, and the compressive displacement to suppress those displacements, the seismic isolation device is formed from a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing located vertically above, having a centering function and connected to the upper structure, and a laminated rubber bearing located vertically below the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing, connected to the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing and also connected to the lower structure, The sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is formed of an upper base plate having a lower surface of a predetermined area, a first pot having a first pot portion recessed downward in the vertical direction and positioned below the upper base plate, a second pot having a second pot portion recessed downward in the vertical direction and positioned below the first pot, a sliding plate accommodated in the first pot portion and having a sliding upper surface of a predetermined area that abuts against the lower surface of the upper base plate, and a sealed rubber plate accommodated in the second pot, the laminated rubber bearing comprises an upper connecting plate having a predetermined area and connected to the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing, a lower connecting plate having a predetermined area and located below the upper connecting plate, a lower base plate having a predetermined area and located below the lower connecting plate and connected to the lower connecting plate by a predetermined connecting means, a plurality of rubber plates located between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and arranged in series in the vertical direction, and a plurality of hard plates interposed between the rubber plates and in contact with the rubber plates, A seismic isolation device characterized in that the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate is an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the sliding plate, the pressure-receiving area of ​​each of the rubber plates is an area corresponding to the maximum allowable surface pressure of the rubber plates, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates satisfy the relationship: pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate < pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plates.

2. 2. The seismic isolation device of claim 1, wherein the seismic isolation device includes a lower anchor plate located below the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing, the upper base plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is connected to the upper structure by a predetermined connecting means, the upper connecting plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the second pot by a predetermined connecting means, the lower base plate of the laminated rubber bearing is connected to the lower anchor plate by a predetermined connecting means, and the lower anchor plate is connected to the lower structure by a predetermined connecting means.

3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the laminated rubber bearing is 20 MPa, the maximum usable surface pressure loaded on the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is in the range of 25 to 30 MPa, and the pressure-receiving area of ​​the rubber plate of the laminated rubber bearing is in the range of 1.25 to 1.5 times the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing.

4. A seismic isolation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate has a vertical hardness at its peripheral portion that is less than the vertical hardness at its central portion, and the central portion of the sealed rubber plate resists the rotational displacement and the compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow the rotational displacement.

5. A seismic isolation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein tapered slits are formed around the entire periphery of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate, extending radially inward from the peripheral surface of the peripheral portion, and the central portion of the sealed rubber plate resists the rotational displacement and the compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow the rotational displacement.

6. A seismic isolation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness dimension of the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate gradually decreases from the center toward the periphery, and the central portion of the sealed rubber plate resists the rotational displacement and the compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow the rotational displacement.

7. A seismic isolation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rigid member is installed in the center of the sealed rubber plate of the sealed rubber bearing plate bearing, making the rigidity of the central portion greater than that of the peripheral portion, and the central portion of the sealed rubber plate resists the rotational displacement and the compressive displacement, while the peripheral portion of the sealed rubber plate deforms in all directions to follow the rotational displacement.

8. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the seismic isolation device is used for pile-top seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation.

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