Electrical connection structure, charging inlet and automobile

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrical connection structure, a charging inlet, and an automobile, in which the electrical connection structure is used for a circuit board having an insertion hole, and includes a metal spring piece and an insertion terminal, the metal spring piece includes a base band that surrounds at least a part of the outer circumference of the insertion terminal, and a plurality of spring pieces each having a protruding portion that protrudes outward and abuts against the surface of the circuit board and connected to the base band, and the insertion terminal is electrically connected to the circuit board via the metal spring piece. According to the electrical connection structure of the present invention, the contact between the insertion terminal and the metal spring piece is good, the metal spring piece has a protruding portion that protrudes outward, so that the connection with the circuit board is stable, and the plurality of spring pieces provide a plurality of signal detection points, so that the stability of signal transmission can be guaranteed. At the same time, the performance of the metal spring piece itself is good, and the insertion terminal can be inserted and removed multiple times, so that the service life is long.

Description

Related Applications

[0001] This application claims priority from a Chinese patent application filed on August 7, 2021, with application number 202110904566.7, for the invention title "Electrical Connection Structure," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Technical Field]

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of charging new energy vehicles, and in particular to an electrical connection structure applicable to circuit boards. [Background technology]

[0003] Since the 1990s, under the dual pressures of energy and the environment, the research and development of electric vehicles has entered a period of renewed vigor. Over the past 20 years, with the rapid development of various science and technology, many of the technical difficulties of electric vehicles have been gradually resolved, and various automakers around the world have launched their own electric vehicle products.

[0004] Chargers, charging guns, and charging inlets are the primary charging devices for electric vehicles, and charging equipment standards require the installation of a PE wire in all charging equipment. The PE wire is the charging device's grounding wire, protecting equipment and personnel in the event of a power leakage. In conventional charging guns and charging inlets, the PE wire terminal is typically welded directly to the circuit board. If the PE wire terminal is damaged during use, it is difficult to remove it for repair, increasing the repair labor and costs. If the PE wire terminal is not firmly welded, it can lead to poor contact between the PE wire terminal and the circuit board, further affecting the stability of the electrical connection between the circuit board and the PE wire terminal. This can also lead to power leakage in the equipment, resulting in the risk of electric shock and injury.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art needs a new method to solve the above problems. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The present invention provides an electrical connection structure that can ensure the stability of signal transmission between a circuit board and a terminal.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An electrical connection structure applied to a circuit board having an insertion hole, The metal spring piece and the insertion terminal are included. The metal spring piece includes a base band that wraps around at least a portion of the outer periphery of the insertion terminal, and a plurality of spring pieces that have protrusions that protrude outward and abut against the surface of the circuit board, and are each connected to the base band, and the insertion terminal is electrically connected to the circuit board via the metal spring piece.

[0009] Alternatively, the base band is an annular structure and the spring pieces are distributed on the annular structure.

[0010] Alternatively, the spring pieces are uniformly distributed on the annular structure.

[0011] Alternatively, the shape of the protrusion is an arc or curved structure.

[0012] Alternatively, the curved structure has a curved angle of 90° to 160°.

[0013] Alternatively, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the plurality of protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the insertion hole.

[0014] Alternatively, the number of the base bands is one, one end of the spring piece is a free end and the other end is connected to the base band, the protrusion is located at the free end of the spring piece, and the protrusion applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board by the deformation elasticity of the spring piece.

[0015] Alternatively, the number of the basebands is two, including a first baseband and a second baseband, one end of the spring piece is connected to the first baseband and the other end is connected to the second baseband, the protrusion is located between both ends of the spring piece, and the protrusion applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board by the deformation elasticity of the spring piece.

[0016] Alternatively, the pressure is between 0.5N and 50N.

[0017] Alternatively, the protrusion further abuts against the inner surface of the insertion hole.

[0018] Alternatively, the protrusion abuts against the upper or lower surface of the circuit board.

[0019] Alternatively, the plurality of protrusions may each simultaneously abut against the inner surface of the insertion hole and the upper surface of the circuit board, or the plurality of protrusions may each simultaneously abut against the inner surface of the insertion hole and the lower surface of the circuit board.

[0020] Alternatively, the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the upper surface of the circuit board are installed with a gap between them, or the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the lower surface of the circuit board are installed with a gap between them.

[0021] Alternatively, the connector may further include a terminal holder fixed on the circuit board, and the insertion terminals are fixed to the terminal holder.

[0022] Alternatively, the insertion terminal has a first engagement portion that is matched to the first baseband and a second engagement portion that is matched to the second baseband.

[0023] Alternatively, the first engagement portion includes a first flange and a second flange spaced apart along the extension direction of the insertion terminal, and the upper edge of the first base band abuts against the first flange, and the lower edge of the first base band abuts against the second flange.

[0024] Alternatively, the second engagement portion includes a third flange and a fourth flange spaced apart along the extension direction of the insertion terminal, and the upper edge of the second base band abuts against the third flange and the lower edge of the second base band abuts against the fourth flange.

[0025] Alternatively, the number of the spring pieces is 3 to 24.

[0026] Alternatively, the tangential direction of the spring piece coincides with the axial direction of the metal spring piece.

[0027] Alternatively, the tangential direction of the spring piece forms a certain angle with the axis of the metal spring piece.

[0028] Alternatively, the angle between the tangential direction of the spring piece and the axis of the metal spring piece is equal at any point.

[0029] Alternatively, the angle between the tangential direction of the spring piece and the axis of the metal spring piece is in the range of 10° to 60°.

[0030] Alternatively, the material of the metal spring piece contains copper or a copper alloy.

[0031] Alternatively, the material of the metal spring piece contains tellurium.

[0032] Alternatively, the tellurium content in the material of the metal spring piece is 0.1% to 5%.

[0033] Alternatively, the material of the metal spring piece contains beryllium.

[0034] Alternatively, the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece is 0.05% to 5%.

[0035] Alternatively, the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece is 0.1% to 3.5%.

[0036] Alternatively, a plating layer is formed on at least a portion of the surface of the insertion terminal and on the protruding portion.

[0037] Alternatively, the material of the plating layer on at least a portion of the surface of the insertion terminal is different from the material of the plating layer on the protrusion.

[0038] Alternatively, the material of the plating layer contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0039] Alternatively, the plating layer includes a base layer and a surface layer.

[0040] Alternatively, the material of the base layer contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, and zinc, and the material of the surface layer contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

[0041] Alternatively, the thickness of the base layer is 0.01 μm to 15 μm.

[0042] Alternatively, the thickness of the base layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

[0043] Alternatively, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.3 μm to 55 μm.

[0044] Alternatively, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 μm to 35 μm.

[0045] Alternatively, the material of the insertion terminal includes one of copper, a copper alloy, aluminum, and an aluminum alloy.

[0046] The present invention provides a charging inlet including any one of the electrical connection structures of the above-described embodiments.

[0047] The present invention provides a vehicle including the charging inlet and / or the electrical connection structure according to any one of the above-described embodiments.

[0048] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. The electrical connection structure of the present invention has good contact between the insertion terminal and the metal spring piece, the metal spring piece has a protruding part that protrudes outward, which ensures stable connection with the circuit board, and the multiple spring pieces in the metal spring piece provide multiple signal detection points, which ensures stable signal transmission. At the same time, the performance of the metal spring piece itself is good, and the insertion terminal can be inserted and removed multiple times, resulting in a long service life.

[0050] 2. According to the present invention, the protrusion of the metal spring piece has an arc or curved shape, which can further ensure the stability of the connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board.

[0051] 3. According to the present invention, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the plurality of protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the insertion hole, so that the protrusions can stably abut against the upper or lower surface of the circuit board.

[0052] 4. According to the present invention, the number of base bands of the metal spring piece can be one, one end of the spring piece is a free end, the other end of the spring piece is connected to the first base band, and a protrusion is located at the free end of the spring piece, and the protrusion applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board by the deformation elasticity of the spring piece, so that multiple spring pieces are formed into an integrated part by one base band and are in close contact with the insertion terminals inserted in the annular base band, and at the same time, the protrusion is located at the free end of the spring piece and abuts against the circuit board by the elastic recovery force of the spring piece, thereby ensuring a stable connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board or the insertion terminals.

[0053] 5. According to the present invention, the number of base bands of the metal spring piece can be two, one end of the spring piece is connected to the first base band, and the other end of the spring piece is connected to the second base band, and the protrusion is located between both ends of the spring piece, and the protrusion applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board through the deformation elasticity of the spring piece, so that the spring piece is formed into an integrated part by the two base bands, and the protrusion applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board through the elastic recovery force, which is more advantageous to the stability of the connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board.

[0054] 6. According to the present invention, the protrusion of the metal spring piece also abuts against the inner surface of the insertion hole of the circuit board, so that the protrusion abuts against the surface of the circuit board and at the same time abuts against the inner surface of the insertion hole, which further enhances the stability of the connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board and further ensures the stability of signal transmission.

[0055] 7. In the metal spring piece of the present invention, the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the upper surface of the circuit board are spaced apart, or the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the lower surface of the circuit board are spaced apart, and protrusions are installed on the free ends of the spring pieces. Therefore, the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole does not have a protrusion, but the spring piece abutting the upper or lower surface of the circuit board has a protrusion. As a result, the multiple spring pieces on the metal spring piece are divided into two sets, and the two different types of spring pieces are installed at a distance, which ensures a stable connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board, as well as a stable connection between the metal spring piece and the insertion terminal, and ultimately ensures electrical and signal connections.

[0056] 8. According to the insert terminal of the present invention, a first engaging portion and a second engaging portion are provided. In the embodiment of the metal spring piece having two base bands, the first engaging portion of the insert terminal engages with the first base band, and the second engaging portion of the insert terminal engages with the second base band, thereby ensuring a stable connection between the metal spring piece and the insert terminal, and also ensuring a signal connection (electrical connection includes electrical energy connection and signal connection) between the insert terminal and the circuit board.

[0057] 9. According to the electrical connection structure of the present invention, by setting the angle between the spring piece in the metal spring piece and the rotation axis of the metal spring piece itself, the connection stability and conductivity between the metal spring piece and the insertion terminal can be further improved.

[0058] 10. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the metal spring piece and the insertion terminal are made of tellurium copper alloy, so that the metal spring piece has good conductivity and is easy to process, ensuring electrical performance and improving processability, and the tellurium copper alloy also has excellent elasticity.

[0059] 11. According to the present invention, by using a plating layer on the contact section and the metal spring piece, it is possible to improve corrosion resistance better, and it is preferable to use a composite plating layer, in which case the durability of the plating layer can be further improved, and it is possible to ensure that the plating layer does not fall off and remains corrosion-resistant even after multiple insertions and removals. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0060] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a structure of an electrical connection structure according to a first embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the electrical connection structure according to the first embodiment of the present application at another angle. [Figure 3] 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the structure of a metal spring piece in the electrical connection structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a circuit board in the electrical connection structure of the first embodiment, illustrating insertion holes. [Figure 5] 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating the structure of an insertion terminal in the electrical connection structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 6] 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating the structure of a terminal holder in the electrical connection structure of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing the structure of a metal spring piece in an electrical connection structure according to a second embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0061] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, but it goes without saying that the embodiments described here are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, other embodiments that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without requiring creative acts are all included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0062] The present invention will now be described in more detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present invention in accordance with the present specification. To more clearly understand the technical features, objectives, and advantages of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Terms such as "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply the relative importance or number of corresponding technical features. Therefore, features qualified as "first," "second," and the like explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In describing the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the term "plurality" includes two or more than two. In describing the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the term "connection" should be broadly interpreted, and may refer to, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] Embodiment 1 The present invention provides an electrical connection structure 100, which is applicable to a circuit board 110, and an insertion hole is provided in the circuit board 110. As shown in Fig. 1, the electrical connection structure 100 includes a metal spring piece 140 and an insertion terminal 120. Here, the metal spring piece 140 includes a base band and a plurality of spring pieces 143 respectively connected to the base band, the base band surrounds at least a portion of the outer periphery of the insertion terminal 120, the spring piece 143 has a protrusion 144 protruding outward, and the protrusion 144 abuts against the surface of the circuit board, and the insertion terminal 120 is electrically connected to the circuit board 110 via the metal spring piece 140.

[0064] The present invention provides good contact between the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140, and the metal spring piece 140 has an outwardly protruding protrusion 144, ensuring a stable connection with the circuit board 110. Furthermore, the multiple spring pieces 143 provide multiple signal detection points, ensuring stable signal transmission. At the same time, the metal spring piece 140 itself has good performance, allowing the insertion terminal 120 to be inserted and removed multiple times, resulting in a long service life. In the prior art, the looseness of the welding pins can cause poor contact, further affecting the stability of the electrical connection between the circuit board 110 or the circuit board and the terminal. Furthermore, the present invention solves the problem of the insertion and removal connection between the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140, allowing for repeated insertion and removal compared to a welded connection, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the circuit board 110 or the circuit board. The insertion terminal 120 in this embodiment can be considered as a connection terminal for the PE (ground) line of a charging device.

[0065] Next, the detailed structure of each component of the electrical connection structure 100 of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0066] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the insertion terminal 120 includes an insertion section 121, a contact section 122, a fixing section 123, and a connection section 124, which are connected in sequence. The insertion section 121 is for inserting the terminal of the matching end, e.g., the male terminal of a charging gun and the female terminal of a charging inlet are inserted and connected to allow charging current to flow from the power source to the vehicle's battery. The connection section 124 is electrically connected to the cable conductor, e.g., the insertion terminal 120 inside the charging inlet is connected to the charging inlet's cable to allow electrical energy to flow to the vehicle's battery. The contact section 122 is for contacting and connecting with the metal spring piece 140, e.g., the PE terminal of the charging inlet is brought into contact with the metal spring piece 140 on a circuit board, thereby enabling the circuit board to read a ground signal from the PE terminal.

[0067] 6 , the electrical connection structure of this embodiment further includes a terminal holder 130, which can be fixed on the circuit board 110. The fixing sections 123 of the insertion terminals 120 are fixed on the terminal holder 130. In a specific embodiment, the terminal holder 130 can be fixed on the circuit board 110 in the form of engagement, adhesion, or screw connection, where "engagement" refers to providing a plurality of elastic locking claws on the terminal holder 130 and providing locking grooves or locking buttons on the circuit board 110, and engaging the plurality of locking claws of the terminal holder 130 with the locking grooves or locking buttons on the circuit board 110 to fix the terminal holder 130 on the circuit board 110. "Adhesion" refers to forming adhesive surfaces on the terminal holder 130 and the circuit board 110, and then applying an adhesive to each to adhere the adhesive surfaces. The screw connection refers to forming screw holes on the terminal holder 130, forming through holes in the circuit board 110, and inserting screws through the through holes to fix the circuit board 110 onto the terminal holder 130.

[0068] More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the terminal holder may include U-shaped clamping portions 131, and correspondingly, the fixing section 123 of the terminal is clamped and fixed between the U-shaped clamping portions.

[0069] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, an insertion hole 111 for inserting the insertion terminal 120 is provided on the circuit board 110, and the outer diameter of the contact section 122 of the insertion terminal 120 is smaller than the diameter of the insertion hole on the circuit board 110 so that the insertion terminal 120 can be smoothly inserted into the insertion hole 111.

[0070] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, there is one base band 241, one end of the spring piece 243 is a free end, and the other end of the spring piece 243 is connected to the base band 241, and the protrusion 244 is located on the free end of the spring piece 243, and the protrusion 244 applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board 110 by the deformation elasticity of the spring piece 243.

[0071] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the metal spring piece 140 includes a first base band 141 and a second base band 142. The base band has a ring-shaped structure, and a plurality of spring pieces 143 are distributed evenly on the ring-shaped structure. This allows the elastic force applied by the metal spring piece 140 to the contact section 122 to be uniform, and the rotation axis of the insertion terminal 120 also roughly coincides with the axis of the insertion hole 111, achieving a stable electrical connection. Preferably, the number of spring pieces may be 3 to 24.

[0072] Specifically, one end of the spring piece 143 is connected to the first base band 141, the other end of the spring piece 143 is connected to the second base band 142, and the protrusion 144 is located between both ends of the spring piece 143, and the protrusion 144 applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board due to the deformation elasticity of the spring piece 143.

[0073] More specifically, both ends of each spring piece 143 are fixed by first base band 141 and second base band 142, respectively, to form an integrated component, and the plurality of spring pieces 143 have a curved radius, forming metal spring piece 140 in a drum shape, with the outer surface of the drum-shaped metal spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole to achieve a stable electrical connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board. Protrusions 144 are located between both ends of spring piece 143, separating one end of some of the plurality of spring pieces 143 from the base bands and installed on the separated free ends. As shown in FIG. 3 , the length of spring piece 143 with protrusions 144 is shorter than the length of spring piece 143 without protrusions 144.

[0074] More preferably, spring pieces 143 with protrusions 144 and spring pieces 143 without protrusions 144 are arranged crosswise. As shown in FIG. 3, the number of spring pieces 143 without protrusions 144 (which can be defined as normal spring pieces) located between adjacent spring pieces 143 with protrusions 144 is equal. For example, the number of normal spring pieces between adjacent spring pieces 143 with protrusions 144 is two. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, because the protrusions 144 abut the upper surface of the circuit board 110, the spring pieces 143 abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole (spring pieces without protrusions 144) and the spring pieces 143 abutting the upper surface of the circuit board 110 (spring pieces with protrusions 144) can be considered to be spaced apart.

[0075] In another embodiment, the protrusion 144 may abut the underside of the circuit board 110, and further, the metal spring piece 140 may be configured so that the spring piece 143 abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the underside of the circuit board 110 are spaced apart.

[0076] In other undisclosed embodiments, the protrusions can also abut against the inner surface of the insertion hole. More specifically, multiple protrusions can simultaneously abut against the inner surface of the insertion hole and the upper surface of the circuit board, respectively, or multiple protrusions can simultaneously abut against the inner surface of the insertion hole and the lower surface of the circuit board, respectively, thereby further enhancing the stability of the electrical connection between the metal spring piece and the circuit board.

[0077] The protrusion that abuts the inner surface of the insertion hole and the protrusion that abuts the upper surface of the circuit board can be installed so that they intersect with a gap between them, or the protrusion that abuts the inner surface of the insertion hole and the protrusion that abuts the lower surface of the circuit board can be installed so that they intersect with a gap between them.

[0078] Furthermore, the shape of the protrusion 144 can be an arc or curved structure. The arc or curved structure provides more stable contact between the metal spring piece and the circuit board. When the electrical connection structure 100 is used, the contact section 122 and the metal spring piece 140 undergo relative displacement due to vibration. In a stationary state, the contact section 122 and the metal spring piece 140 make surface contact, and the metal spring piece 140 also makes surface contact with the circuit board 110. In a vibrating environment, the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110 temporarily make point contact due to the relative displacement. This momentarily increases the contact resistance, causing a sudden increase in the current flow, resulting in excessive heat between the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110 and causing damage. The arc or curved structure maintains surface contact between the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110 even in a vibrating environment, preventing the electrical connection structure 100 from being damaged by a sudden increase in current flow.

[0079] Specifically, the bending angle of the bending structure of the protrusion 144 is 90° to 160°. To verify the influence of the bending angle of the bending structure on the contact resistance between the metal spring piece and the circuit board 110, the inventors selected metal spring pieces 140, insertion terminals 120, and circuit boards 110 of the same size and installed them in the same relative positions, but with different bending angles of the bending structure, and measured the contact resistance between the metal spring pieces 140 and the circuit board 110. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0080] The contact resistance between the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110 was tested using a microresistance meter, with one end of the meter placed on the metal spring piece 140 and the other end placed on the electrical connection point of the circuit board 110. The positions were the same each time a measurement was taken, and then the contact resistance value on the microresistance meter was read. In this example, a contact resistance greater than 1 mΩ was deemed a failure.

[0081] [Table 1]

[0082] As can be seen from Table 1, when the bending angle of the bending structure is less than 90°, the angle is small, so the contact position of the bending mechanism is sharp, which correspondingly reduces the contact area with the circuit board and increases the contact resistance, failing to meet the standard requirements. On the other hand, when the bending angle of the bending structure is more than 160°, the bending mechanism resembles a plane, making it impossible to insert the metal spring piece 140 into the intended insertion position on the circuit board 110, which may prevent the electrical connection structure 100 from functioning. Therefore, the inventors set the bending angle of the protrusion to be between 90° and 160°.

[0083] Preferably, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the plurality of protrusions 144 is larger than the inner diameter of the insertion hole 111. This allows the protrusions 144 to more easily abut against the circuit board 110. The present invention is not particularly limited to the specific shape of the protrusions.

[0084] Furthermore, when the contact section 122 of the insertion terminal 120 contacts and connects with the metal spring piece 140, the multiple spring pieces 143 of the metal spring piece 140 are elastically deformed, and the spring pieces 143 further apply pressure to the inner wall and protrusion 114 of the insertion hole 111, while also applying pressure to the circuit board 111, so that the multiple spring pieces 143 and multiple protrusions 144 realize a stable electrical connection between the insertion terminal 120, the metal spring piece 140, and the circuit board 110.

[0085] Furthermore, the pressure applied by the protrusion 144 onto the circuit board 111 may be 0.5N to 50N. In order to verify the effect of the pressure applied by the protrusion 144 onto the circuit board 110 on the contact resistance between the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110, the inventors selected metal spring pieces 140, insertion terminals 120, and circuit boards 110 of the same size and installed them in the same relative positions, but with different elastic forces of the spring pieces 143, and measured the contact resistance between the protrusion 144 and the circuit board 110, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0086] The elasticity of the spring piece 143 was measured using a precision tensile force meter. The metal spring piece 140 was fixed, and the elasticity of the spring piece 143 after it was displaced by moving was measured using the precision tensile force meter.

[0087] A microresistance meter was used to test the contact resistance between the protrusion 144 and the electrical connection point on the circuit board 110. The measuring end of the microresistance meter was placed on the protrusion 144 and the other end was placed on the electrical connection point, and the position was the same each time a measurement was taken. Then, the contact resistance value on the microresistance meter was read. In this example, a contact resistance of more than 1 mΩ was deemed a failure.

[0088] [Table 2]

[0089] As can be seen from Table 2, when the pressure applied by the protrusion 144 on the circuit board 110 is less than 0.5 N, the contact area between the protrusion 144 and the circuit board 110 is small due to the small pressure, resulting in increased contact resistance and not meeting the standard requirements. On the other hand, when the pressure applied by the protrusion 144 on the circuit board 110 exceeds 50 N, the elasticity of the spring piece 143 is too great and there is almost no deformation, making it impossible to insert the spring piece 143 with the protrusion 144 installed into the intended position in the insertion hole 111, which may prevent the electrical connection structure 100 from functioning. Therefore, the inventors set the pressure applied by the protrusion 144 on the circuit board 110 to be 0.5 N to 50 N.

[0090] 3, in this embodiment, the tangential direction of the spring piece 143 coincides with the axial direction of the metal spring piece 140. The tangential direction here is defined as the direction in which the seat portion of the spring piece 143 extends. Although the spring piece 143 curves outward in the radial direction, the extension direction of the spring piece 143 itself roughly coincides with the rotational axis direction of the baseband.

[0091] It goes without saying that in other embodiments, the tangential direction of the spring piece 143 can form a certain angle with respect to the axis of the metal spring piece 140. When viewed from the angle of FIG. 3, the spring piece 143 is inclined to the left or right. Preferably, the angle between the tangential direction of the spring piece 143 and the axis of the metal spring piece 140 ranges from 10° to 60°. More preferably, the angle between the tangential direction of the spring piece 143 and the axis of the metal spring piece 140 is equal at any point. It can be seen that the spring piece 143 extends in the same direction throughout.

[0092] Next, the matching relationship between the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 will be described. In this embodiment, the contact portion of the insertion terminal 120 has a first engagement portion 145 and a second engagement portion 146 arranged at a distance from each other. In this embodiment, the first engagement portion 145 and the second engagement portion 146 are annular ribs, and the outermost diameters of the first engagement portion 145 and the second engagement portion 146 are larger than the diameters of the first base band 141 and the second base band 142. Because the metal spring piece 140 is elastic, after the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 are fully inserted, the first annular rib engages with the first base band 141 of the metal spring piece 140, and the second base band 142 engages on the second annular rib, thereby achieving a stable electrical connection between the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140.

[0093] In a further undisclosed embodiment, the insertion terminal may have a first flange and a second flange spaced apart along the extension direction of the insertion terminal, with the first flange and the second flange forming a first engagement portion. The outer diameters of the first and second flanges are larger than the diameter of the first baseband. After the insertion terminal and the metal spring piece are fully inserted, the upper edge of the first baseband abuts against the first flange, and the lower edge of the first baseband abuts against the second flange. Both ends of the first baseband can be considered to be subjected to an engagement force.

[0094] Similarly, the second engagement portion may include a third flange and a fourth flange spaced apart along the extension direction of the insertion terminal, with the third flange and the fourth flange forming the second engagement portion. The outer diameters of the third and fourth flanges are larger than the diameter of the second baseband. After the insertion terminal and the metal spring piece are fully inserted, the upper edge of the second baseband abuts against the third flange, and the lower edge of the second baseband abuts against the fourth flange. Both ends of the second baseband can be considered to be subjected to an engagement force.

[0095] This makes the electrical connection between the insertion terminal and the metal spring piece more stable.

[0096] In some embodiments, the material of the metal spring piece 140 is copper or a copper alloy. Copper is a conductive material that has excellent conductivity, good elongation, and excellent elasticity, making it a suitable conductive material.

[0097] Furthermore, the material of the metal spring piece 140 contains tellurium. Because the material of the metal spring piece 140 is a tellurium-copper alloy, the terminal has good conductivity and is easy to process, ensuring electrical performance while improving processability. At the same time, the tellurium-copper alloy also has excellent elasticity. Preferably, the tellurium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 is 0.1% to 5%.

[0098] The inventors selected and tested 10 identical metal spring pieces 140, all of which were made of tellurium-copper alloys with tellurium contents of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.8%, 3%, 5%, 6%, and 7%, respectively. The test consisted of the metal spring pieces 140 and their resistance, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0099] Regarding the elasticity of the spring piece 143, a precision tensile force meter was used to fix the metal spring piece 140 and measure the elasticity after the spring piece moved and displaced using the precision tensile force meter. In this example, if the elasticity was less than 20 N, it was deemed to have failed.

[0100] The resistance of the metal spring piece 140 is tested using a microresistance meter, with the measuring end of the microresistance meter placed on both ends of the metal spring piece 140, in the same position each time a measurement is taken, and then the resistance value on the microresistance meter is read. In this example, a contact resistance of more than 1 mΩ is deemed a failure.

[0101] [Table 3]

[0102] As can be seen from Table 3, when the tellurium content in the material of metal spring piece 140 is less than 0.1%, the material is similar to pure copper and is relatively soft, and the elasticity of spring piece 143 does not meet the required value. On the other hand, when the tellurium content in the material of metal spring piece 140 is more than 5%, the conductivity of tellurium copper alloy is poorer than that of pure copper material, and the resistance value of metal spring piece 140 does not meet the requirement. Therefore, the tellurium content in the material of metal spring piece 140 is 0.1% to 5%.

[0103] Furthermore, the material of the metal spring piece 140 contains beryllium. The material of the metal spring piece 140 is a beryllium-copper alloy, which provides the terminal with high hardness, elastic limit, fatigue limit, and wear resistance, as well as good corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity, and does not produce sparks when impacted. Preferably, the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 is 0.05% to 5%. The limit on the beryllium content in the metal spring piece 140 was determined by the inventors after multiple tests.

[0104] If the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 is less than 0.05%, the material resembles pure copper and is prone to sparks when subjected to impact. On the other hand, if the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 is more than 5%, the conductivity of beryllium-copper alloys is poorer than that of pure copper, and the resistance value of the metal spring piece 140 does not meet the requirements. Therefore, the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 is 0.05% to 5%. More preferably, the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 is 0.1% to 3.5%.

[0105] To verify the effect of the beryllium content in the material of the metal spring piece 140 on the resistance and ignition status of the metal spring piece 140, the inventors selected and tested 10 metal spring pieces 140 of the same shape, all of which were made of beryllium-copper alloy with beryllium contents of 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.8%, 3%, 5%, and 6%, respectively. The test content was the resistance and ignition status of the metal spring pieces 140, and the test results are shown in Table 4.

[0106] The resistance of the metal spring piece 140 was tested using a microresistance meter, with the measuring end of the microresistance meter placed on both ends of the metal spring piece 140, in the same position each time a measurement was taken, and then the resistance value on the microresistance meter was read. In this example, a resistance greater than 1 mΩ was deemed a failure.

[0107] Regarding the ignition status of the metal spring piece 140, the state of the operating status of the inserted terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 was simulated by causing the charged inserted terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 to collide, and the number of times that ignition occurred after 1000 collisions was observed, and if the number of times that ignition occurred exceeded three times, it was deemed to have failed.

[0108] [Table 4]

[0109] As can be seen from Table 4, when the beryllium content of the material of the metal spring piece 140 is less than 0.05%, the material resembles pure copper, and when the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 collide, the number of fire events exceeds three. On the other hand, when the beryllium content of the material of the metal spring piece 140 exceeds 5%, the conductivity of the beryllium-copper alloy is poorer than that of pure copper, and the resistance value of the metal spring piece 140 does not meet the requirements. Therefore, the beryllium content of the material of the metal spring piece 140 is 0.05% to 5%. Preferably, when the beryllium content of the material of the metal spring piece 140 is 0.1% to 3.5%, the resistance and fire event of the metal spring piece 140 are more favorable. Therefore, the inventors set the beryllium content of the material of the metal spring piece 140 to 0.1% to 3.5%.

[0110] Based on the above description of the material of the metal spring piece 140, it can be understood that the material of the insertion terminal 120 can have the same structure as the material of the metal spring piece 140. In some embodiments, the material of the insertion terminal can include copper, copper alloy, aluminum, or aluminum alloy, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here for brevity.

[0111] In some embodiments, the material of the insertion terminal 120 can be understood to be copper or a copper alloy, or aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

[0112] In some embodiments, a plating layer is provided on at least a portion of the surface of the insertion terminal and the protrusion. Specifically, the plating layer is provided on the contact section 122 of the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140. Preferably, the material of the plating layer on the contact section 122 of the insertion terminal 120 is different from the material of the plating layer on the protrusion 144 of the metal spring piece 140.

[0113] The plating layer is intended to improve corrosion resistance, improve electrical conductivity, increase the number of insertions, and further extend the service life of the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140.

[0114] The plating layer can be formed by electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, etc. The thickness of the plating layer of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 can be the same, or plating layers of different thicknesses can be used as needed.

[0115] Electroplating is a process that uses the principle of electrolysis to plate a thin film of another metal or alloy onto a metal surface.

[0116] Electroless plating is a deposition process that generates metals through a controllable oxidation-reduction reaction, catalyzed by the metal.

[0117] The magnetron sputtering method uses the interaction of a magnetic field and an electric field to make electrons move in a spiral near the target surface, thereby increasing the probability that the electrons will collide with the argon gas and generate ions. The generated ions collide with the target surface under the action of the electric field, sputtering the target material.

[0118] Vacuum plating methods deposit various metallic and non-metallic thin films on the surface of an object under vacuum conditions by distillation, sputtering, or other methods.

[0119] The plating layer material can be one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy, and the plating layer material is a conventional material. Copper is an active metal that undergoes oxidation reactions with oxygen and water during use. Therefore, one or more inert metals are required for the plating layer to extend the service life of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120. Furthermore, for metal contacts that require constant insertion and removal, a highly wear-resistant metal is required for the plating layer, which can significantly extend the service life of the contacts. Furthermore, the contacts require good electrical conductivity. The aforementioned metals have superior conductivity and stability to copper or copper alloys, thereby providing the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 with better electrical performance and a longer service life.

[0120] In order to verify the influence of different plating layer materials on the overall performance of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, the inventors selected samples of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 of the same standard and material, but differing only in the plating layer material, and conducted a series of corrosion resistance time tests, with the test results shown in Table 5.

[0121] In Table 5, the corrosion resistance time test was performed by placing the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 in a salt spray test box, spraying salt spray at various positions on the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, and removing and cleaning them every 20 hours to observe surface corrosion. This was counted as one cycle. When the corrosion area of ​​the surface of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 exceeded 10% of the total area, the test was stopped and the number of cycles was recorded. In this example, a test with fewer than 80 cycles was deemed a failure.

[0122] [Table 5]

[0123] As can be seen from Table 5, when the plating layer material contains gold, silver, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy, the experimental results far exceed the standard values ​​and the performance is relatively stable. When the plating layer material contains nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, and zinc, the experimental results also meet the requirements. Therefore, the inventors chose to use one or more combinations of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy as the plating layer material.

[0124] Further, the plating layer may include a base layer and a surface layer. In some embodiments, a multi-layer plating method is used, and after the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 are processed, many gaps and pores still exist at the microscopic interface on their surfaces, and these gaps and pores are the biggest cause of wear and corrosion of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 during use. Therefore, the surfaces of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 are first plated with a base layer to fill the gaps and pores on the surface and make the surface flat and pore-free, and then the surface plating layer is plated. This makes the bond stronger and flatter, and the absence of gaps and pores on the surface of the plating layer makes the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 have better wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and electrical performance, and greatly extends the service life of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120.

[0125] The material of the base layer may include one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, and zinc. The material of the surface layer may include one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy. Here, the material of the base layer is a conventional material, and the material of the surface layer is also a conventional material.

[0126] In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the base layer is 0.01 μm to 15 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the base layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

[0127] In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.3 μm to 55 μm, and preferably, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 μm to 35 μm.

[0128] In order to verify the effect of changes in the thickness of the plating layer of the base layer on the overall performance of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, the inventors selected samples of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 of the same standard and material, but with different thicknesses of the nickel-plated base layer but the same thickness of the silver-plated surface layer, and conducted a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests, and the experimental results are shown in Table 6.

[0129] In the temperature rise test shown in Table 6, the same current was passed through the contacting metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, and the temperatures at the same positions of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 were measured in a sealed environment before the current was passed and after the temperature had stabilized, and the absolute value of the difference was calculated. In this example, a temperature rise of more than 50 K was deemed a failure.

[0130] In Table 6, the corrosion resistance time test was performed by placing the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 in a salt spray test box, spraying salt spray at various positions on the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, and removing and cleaning them every 20 hours to observe the surface corrosion. This was counted as one cycle. When the corrosion area of ​​the surface of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 exceeded 10% of the total area, the test was stopped and the number of cycles was recorded. In this example, a test with fewer than 80 cycles was deemed a failure.

[0131] [Table 6]

[0132] As can be seen from Table 6, when the thickness of the nickel plating layer on the base layer is less than 0.01 μm, the temperature rise of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 passes the test. However, the plating layer is too thin, resulting in fewer than 80 corrosion-resistance cycles for the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, which does not meet the performance requirements for the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120. This significantly affects the overall performance and lifespan of the electrical connection structure 100, and in serious cases, can significantly shorten or even eliminate the product's lifespan and lead to a fire accident. When the thickness of the nickel plating layer on the base layer exceeds 15 μm, the thick plating layer on the base layer is unable to dissipate heat generated by the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, resulting in unacceptable temperature rise for the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120. Furthermore, the thick plating layer easily detaches from the surfaces of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, reducing the number of corrosion-resistance cycles. Therefore, the inventors set the thickness of the nickel plating layer on the base layer to 0.01 μm to 15 μm. Preferably, the inventors have determined that when the thickness of the plating layer of the base layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm, the overall effects of temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 are excellent, and therefore the thickness of the plating layer of the base layer is set to 0.1 μm to 9 μm in order to further improve the safety, reliability, and practicality of the product itself.

[0133] In order to verify the effect of changes in the thickness of the surface plating layer on the overall performance of the insertion terminal, the inventors selected samples of metal spring pieces 140 and insertion terminals 120 of the same standard and material, with the same thickness of the nickel-plated base layer but different thicknesses of the silver-plated surface layer, and conducted a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests, with the experimental results shown in Table 7.

[0134] [Table 7]

[0135] As can be seen from Table 7, when the thickness of the surface silver plating layer is less than 0.3 μm, the temperature rise of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 passes the test. However, the plating layer is too thin, resulting in fewer than 80 corrosion-resistance cycles for the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, which does not meet the performance requirements for the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120. This significantly impacts the overall performance and lifespan of the electrical connection structure 100, and in serious cases, can significantly shorten or even eliminate the product's lifespan and lead to a fire accident. When the thickness of the surface silver plating layer exceeds 55 μm, the thick base plating layer is unable to dissipate heat generated by the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120, resulting in unacceptable temperature rise for the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120. Furthermore, the thick plating layer easily detaches from the terminal surface, reducing the number of corrosion-resistance cycles. Furthermore, because the metal used for the surface plating layer is expensive, a thick plating layer does not improve performance and is therefore useless. Therefore, the inventors set the thickness of the silver plating layer on the surface to 0.3 μm to 55 μm.

[0136] Preferably, the inventors have determined that when the thickness of the surface plating layer is 0.5 μm to 35 μm, the overall effects of temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the metal spring piece 140 and the insertion terminal 120 are excellent, and therefore the thickness of the surface plating layer is set to 0.5 μm to 35 μm in order to further improve the safety, reliability, and practicality of the product itself.

[0137] In a specific embodiment, the material of the insert terminal 120 is copper, copper alloy, aluminum, or aluminum alloy. The insert terminal 120 of an electric vehicle requires a high voltage and current, both of which require the use of an insert terminal 120 with a large cross-sectional area. Copper, with its excellent conductivity and extensibility, is an ideal material for the insert terminal 120. However, due to the rising price of copper, using copper as the material for the insert terminal 120 increases the cost. Therefore, copper metal replacements are being selected to reduce costs. The content of aluminum metal in the earth's crust is approximately 7.73%. After optimization of refining technology, aluminum is inexpensive, lighter than copper, and second only to copper in conductivity, making it suitable for use in electrical connections. Therefore, there is a trend toward using aluminum instead of copper in the field of automotive electrical connections.

[0138] According to the electrical connection structure 100 of this embodiment, the contact between the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140 is good, the connection between the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110 is stable, and the multiple spring pieces 143 provide multiple signal detection points to ensure stable signal transmission. At the same time, the performance of the metal spring piece 140 itself is excellent, allowing the insertion terminal 120 to be inserted and removed multiple times, and the service life is long.

[0139] Second embodiment The electrical connection structure according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference to Figure 7. The insertion terminals and circuit board terminal holder, excluding the metal spring piece 240, have the same structure and configuration as those described in the first embodiment. Therefore, elements having similar functions to those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions and / or illustrations of other structures / components with similar structures will be omitted.

[0140] 7, the metal spring piece 240 includes a first base band 241 and a plurality of spring pieces 243. One end of the spring piece 243 is a free end, and the other end of the spring piece 243 is connected to the first base band 241. A protrusion 244 is located on the free end of the spring piece 243, and the protrusion 244 applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board 110 by the elastic deformation of the spring piece 243. This not only achieves a stable connection but also reduces the manufacturing costs of the metal spring pieces.

[0141] The electrical connection structure of the present invention has good contact between the insertion terminal and the metal spring piece, the metal spring piece has a protruding part that protrudes outward, which ensures stable connection with the circuit board, and the multiple spring pieces in the metal spring piece provide multiple signal detection points to ensure stable signal transmission, while the metal spring piece itself has excellent performance, can be inserted and removed multiple times, and has a long service life.

[0142] The present invention further provides a charging inlet, which can include any of the electrical connection structures described above. The electrical connection structure 100 of the present invention provides good contact between the insertion terminal 120 and the metal spring piece 140, a stable connection between the metal spring piece 140 and the circuit board 110, and multiple spring pieces 143 provide multiple signal detection points to ensure stable signal transmission. At the same time, the metal spring piece 140 itself has excellent performance, can be inserted and removed multiple times, and has a long service life.

[0143] Third embodiment The present invention also provides a vehicle, which may include the above-described charging inlet and / or any of the above-described embodiments of the electrical connection structure. In existing charging inlets, the insertable terminals 120 are typically welded directly to the circuit board 110. If the insertable terminals 120 are damaged during use, it is difficult to remove the insertable terminals 120 for repair, increasing the repair labor and repair costs. If the insertable terminals 120 are not firmly welded, poor contact between the insertable terminals 120 and the circuit board 110 may occur, further affecting the stability of the electrical connection between the circuit board 110 and the insertable terminals 120. This may result in electrical leakage in the equipment, which may result in death or injury from electric shock. The vehicle provided by the present invention uses the above-described charging inlet and / or any of the above-described embodiments of the electrical connection structure. The contact connection between the circuit board 110 and the insertable terminals 120 is made via the metal spring piece 140, allowing the insertable terminals 120 to be removed from the circuit board 110 at any time, saving repair labor and reducing repair costs. Furthermore, the elasticity of the metal spring piece 140 is stable, and the contact resistance with the insertion terminal 120 is maintained stable throughout. Even when the insertion terminal 120 is constantly vibrating while the automobile is in operation, the metal spring piece 140 maintains a stable electrical connection with the insertion terminal 120, ensuring the safety of the automobile and extending the service life of the automobile.

[0144] Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein are not intended to limit the present invention, but are intended to describe specific embodiments. Terms such as "component" used herein can refer to a single part or a combination of multiple parts. Terms such as "mounting" and "installation" used herein can refer to the direct attachment of one component to another component, or the attachment of one component to another component via an intermediate component. Features described in one embodiment herein can be applied to other embodiments alone or in combination with other features, except where the feature is incompatible with or specifically described in other embodiments.

[0145] Although the present invention has been described by the above embodiments, the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the described embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that many variations and modifications can be made by the teachings of the present invention, and all of these variations and modifications are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical connection structure applied to a circuit board having an insertion hole, The metal spring piece and the insertion terminal are included. the metal spring piece includes a base band that surrounds an outer periphery of at least a portion of the insertion terminal, and a plurality of spring pieces that are respectively connected to the base band, some of the plurality of spring pieces having protrusions that protrude outward and abut against a surface of the circuit board, the insertion terminal being electrically connected to the circuit board via the metal spring piece; One end of each of the spring pieces is a free end, and the other end is connected to the base band, and the protrusion is located at the free end of the spring piece, The shape of the protrusion is a curved structure, and the curved structure has a curved angle of 90° to 160°; the protrusion applies pressure to the surface of the circuit board by the deformation elasticity of the spring pieces that do not have the protrusion among the plurality of spring pieces, the pressure being 0.5N to 50N; An electrical connection structure characterized in that the some of the spring pieces are arranged in multiple places, and the number of spring pieces without the protrusion between adjacent some of the spring pieces is equal.

2. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the base band has an annular structure, and the spring pieces are distributed on the annular structure.

3. 3. The electrical connection structure of claim 2, wherein the spring pieces are uniformly distributed on the annular structure.

4. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of a circumscribed circle of the plurality of protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the insertion hole.

5. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of said basebands is one.

6. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of basebands is two, including a first baseband and a second baseband, and the spring piece without a protrusion has one end connected to the first baseband and the other end connected to the second baseband, and the protrusion is located between both ends of the spring piece without a protrusion.

7. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion further abuts against an inner surface of the insertion hole.

8. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion abuts against the upper surface or the lower surface of the circuit board.

9. The electrical connection structure described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that each of the multiple protrusions simultaneously abuts against the inner surface of the insertion hole and the upper surface of the circuit board, or each of the multiple protrusions simultaneously abuts against the inner surface of the insertion hole and the lower surface of the circuit board.

10. The electrical connection structure described in claim 1, characterized in that the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the upper surface of the circuit board are installed with a gap between them, or the spring piece abutting the inner surface of the insertion hole and the spring piece abutting the lower surface of the circuit board are installed with a gap between them.

11. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, further comprising a terminal holder fixed on the circuit board, the insertion terminal being fixed to the terminal holder.

12. 7. The electrical connection structure according to claim 6, wherein the insertion terminal has a first engagement portion that matches the first baseband and a second engagement portion that matches the second baseband.

13. The electrical connection structure described in claim 12, characterized in that the first engagement portion includes a first flange and a second flange spaced apart along the extension direction of the insertion terminal, and the upper edge of the first base band abuts against the first flange and the lower edge of the first base band abuts against the second flange.

14. The electrical connection structure described in claim 12, characterized in that the second engagement portion includes a third flange and a fourth flange spaced apart along the extension direction of the insertion terminal, and the upper edge of the second base band abuts against the third flange and the lower edge of the second base band abuts against the fourth flange.

15. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of said spring pieces is 3 to 24.

16. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the tangential direction of the spring piece coincides with the axial direction of the metal spring piece.

17. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the tangential direction of the spring piece forms a certain angle with the axis of the metal spring piece.

18. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein an angle between the tangential direction of said spring piece and the axis of said metal spring piece is equal at any point.

19. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the tangential direction of the spring piece and the axis of the metal spring piece is in the range of 10° to 60°.

20. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the metal spring piece is made of a material containing copper or a copper alloy.

21. 21. The electrical connection structure according to claim 20, wherein the material of the metal spring piece contains tellurium.

22. 22. The electrical connection structure according to claim 21, wherein the tellurium content in the material of the metal spring piece is 0.1% to 5%.

23. 21. The electrical connection structure according to claim 20, wherein the material of the metal spring piece contains beryllium.

24. 24. The electrical connection structure according to claim 23, wherein the content of beryllium in the material of the metal spring piece is 0.05% to 5%.

25. 24. The electrical connection structure according to claim 23, wherein the content of beryllium in the material of the metal spring piece is 0.1% to 3.5%.

26. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein a plating layer is provided on at least a part of the surface of the insertion terminal and on the protrusion.

27. 27. The electrical connection structure according to claim 26, wherein the material of the plating layer on at least a portion of the surface of the insertion terminal is different from the material of the plating layer on the protruding portion.

28. 27. The electrical connection structure of claim 26, wherein the plating layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

29. 27. The electrical connection structure according to claim 26, wherein the plating layer includes a base layer and a surface layer.

30. 30. The electrical connection structure of claim 29, wherein the material of the base layer contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, and zinc, and the material of the surface layer contains one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

31. 30. The electrical connection structure according to claim 29, wherein the thickness of the base layer is 0.01 μm to 15 μm.

32. 30. The electrical connection structure according to claim 29, wherein the thickness of the base layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

33. 30. The electrical connection structure according to claim 29, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 0.3 μm to 55 μm.

34. 30. The electrical connection structure according to claim 29, wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 μm to 35 μm.

35. 2. The electrical connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the insertion terminal is one of copper, a copper alloy, aluminum, and an aluminum alloy.

36. A charging inlet comprising the electrical connection structure according to claim 1.

37. 37. A motor vehicle comprising the charging inlet of claim 36.

38. An automobile comprising the electrical connection structure described in claim 1.

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