Distributed Power Systems

Abstract

To allow appropriate bidding in an electric power market.SOLUTION: A distributed power supply system 1 comprises: a load system 12 that is electrically connected with an electric power system 16; a distributed power supply device 10 that is electrically connected with the load system 12 and the electric power system 16, and can supply power to the load system 12 and the electric power system 16; and an adjustment force derivation unit 82 that takes an amount of power that the load system 12 receives from the electric power system 16 as a received power amount, takes a predicted value of the power consumption of the load system 12 at a predetermined timing on the future specific day as a power consumption predicted value, and derives a negawatt adjustment force indicating an amount of power contributing to adjustment of the received power amount on the specific day based on the temporal transition of the power consumption predicted value on the specific day.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a distributed power system. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a fuel cell cogeneration system, which is an example of a distributed power supply system. In this technology, a distributed power supply device is controlled based on the purchase prices of commercial power and fuel by season and time of day, and the demand patterns for power and heat. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-102063 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In an electricity supply and demand adjustment market, which is an example of an electricity market, power adjustment capacity is traded. The type of traded adjustment capacity is, for example, negawatt adjustment capacity, which is related to the adjustment of the amount of received power.

[0005] If a bid for negawatt adjustment capacity in the electricity market is successful and the distributed power generation device actually adjusts power and generates negawatt adjustment capacity, the user of the distributed power generation device can receive an incentive (i.e., a bonus).

[0006] Users of distributed power generation devices desire to maximize their negawatt adjustment capacity because the greater the negawatt adjustment capacity they generate, the greater the incentives they can receive. In other words, it is desirable to make appropriate bids in the electricity market that can increase the incentives received by users of distributed power generation devices.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a distributed power generation system that enables appropriate bidding in the electricity market. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problem, the distributed power system of the present invention includes: load equipment electrically connected to a power grid; a distributed power supply device electrically connected to the load equipment and the power grid and capable of supplying power to the load equipment and the power grid; and an adjustment capability derivation unit that defines an amount of power received by the load equipment from the power grid as a received power amount, defines a predicted value of power consumption of the load equipment at a predetermined timing on a specific future day as a power consumption predicted value, and derives a negawatt adjustment capability that indicates an amount of power that contributes to adjusting the amount of received power on the specific day based on a time transition of the power consumption predicted value on the specific day. The maximum value of the power that the distributed power supply device can output is defined as the controllable amount, and the adjustment capability derivation unit derives the amount of power obtained by accumulating the power consumption prediction value over the first hour as the negawatt adjustment capability during a first hour when the power consumption prediction value on the specific day is less than the controllable amount, and derives the amount of power obtained by accumulating the controllable amount over the second hour as the negawatt adjustment capability during a second hour when the power consumption prediction value on the specific day is equal to or greater than the controllable amount. .

[0010] In addition, the amount of power supplied by reverse power flow from the distributed power supply device to the power grid on a specific day may be defined as the posiwatt adjustment capacity, and the adjustment capacity derivation unit may derive the amount of power accumulated over the first hour as the posiwatt adjustment capacity, by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the controllable amount during the first hour. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, appropriate bidding is possible in the electricity market. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a distributed power supply system according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram illustrating the flow of operations of the data acquisition unit. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of operations of the adjustment capability derivation unit, the predicted value derivation unit, and the management unit. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the negawatt adjustment capability. [Figure 5]FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the posiwatt adjustment force. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of derivation of negawatt adjustment capability. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of derivation of the posiwatt adjustment capability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Dimensions, materials, and other specific values ​​shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In this specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same functions and configurations are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant explanation, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not shown.

[0014] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a distributed power system 1 according to this embodiment. The distributed power system 1 includes a distributed power supply device 10, a load facility 12, a power meter 14, a power grid 16, a server device 20, and a power market 22.

[0015] The distributed power supply apparatus 10, the load equipment 12, and the power meter 14 are installed in a building such as a house of a consumer 24, for example. The distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be installed across multiple buildings. The load equipment 12 is electrically connected to the power grid 16 via the power meter 14. The load equipment 12 is also electrically connected to the distributed power supply apparatus 10. The load equipment 12 may be any device that consumes power supplied from the distributed power supply apparatus 10 and the power grid 16.

[0016] The power meter 14 detects the power supplied from the power grid 16 to the consumer 24, i.e., the received power that the load equipment 12 receives from the power grid 16. The power meter 14 may also detect the power supplied from the consumer 24 to the power grid 16, i.e., the power supplied by the distributed power supply 10 to the power grid 16 as a reverse power flow. The power meter 14 may be a smart meter.

[0017] The distributed power system 10 includes a power unit 30, a communication device 32, a storage device 34, and a control device 36.

[0018] The power unit 30 is electrically connected to the load equipment 12, and is also electrically connected to the power grid 16 via the power meter 14. The power unit 30 is configured to be able to supply power to the load equipment and the power grid. In other words, in the distributed power system 1, the power unit 30 of the distributed power supply device 10 can contribute as a resource for power adjustment capability in the power grid 16.

[0019] The power unit 30 is, for example, a cogeneration unit such as a fuel cell unit that consumes fuel gas to generate power, generates heat as the power is generated, and uses the generated heat to heat a heat medium. Note that the power unit 30 is not limited to a cogeneration unit, and may also be a generator that generates power. The power unit 30 may also be a storage battery that can store and release power. In other words, the power unit 30 may be any unit that can supply power to at least the load equipment 12 and the power grid 16.

[0020] The communication device 32 can establish communication with the server device 20 via wired or wireless communication. The storage device 34 is configured with a nonvolatile storage element. The nonvolatile storage element may include an electrically readable and writable nonvolatile storage element such as a flash memory.

[0021] The control device 36 has a processor 40 and a memory 42. The processor 40 controls the entire distributed power supply system 10 in cooperation with a program stored in the memory 42. By executing the program, the processor 40 also functions as an operation control unit 50, a data acquisition unit 52, and a predicted value derivation unit 54.

[0022] The operation control unit 50 controls, for example, the operation of the power unit 30. The data acquisition unit 52 and the predicted value derivation unit 54 will be described in detail later.

[0023] The server device 20 is managed by, for example, an aggregator. The server device 20 can indirectly control the distributed power supply device 10 by sending predetermined control commands to the distributed power supply device 10. Note that the aggregator refers to an entity that provides a service that manages the supply and demand of power for the consumers 24. The administrator of the server device 20 (for example, the aggregator) manages the supply and demand of power for the consumers 24 that have distributed power supply devices 10 (i.e., power units 30).

[0024] The server device 20 includes a communication device 60 , a storage device 62 , a user interface 64 and a control device 66 .

[0025] The communication device 60 can establish communication with the distributed power supply 10 via wired communication or wireless communication. The communication device 60 can also establish communication with the electricity market 22. The storage device 62 is configured with a nonvolatile storage element. Note that the nonvolatile storage element may include an electrically readable and writable nonvolatile storage element such as a flash memory.

[0026] The user interface 64 includes an output device, such as a display device, that presents various information and images to the user, and an input device, such as a keyboard or a mouse, that accepts input operations by the user.

[0027] The control device 66 has a processor 70 and a memory 72. The processor 70 controls the entire server device 20 in cooperation with a program stored in the memory 72. The processor 70 also functions as a management unit 80 and a regulation power derivation unit 82 by executing the program.

[0028] The electricity market 22 is, for example, an electricity supply and demand adjustment market where trading of electricity adjustment capacity is conducted. The electricity adjustment capacity is the capacity of an electric power facility or the like for adjusting the supply and demand balance. Note that the electricity market 22 is not limited to an electricity supply and demand adjustment market, and may be, for example, a capacity market or a wholesale electricity market.

[0029] In the tertiary adjustment capacity "2" of the electricity supply and demand adjustment market, which is an example of the electricity market 22, bidding is held the day before for the adjustment capacity of electricity for the next day. Aggregators can respond to bids in the electricity market 22 through the server device 20. The management unit 80 performs processing to respond to the bids. Furthermore, the management unit 80 manages the distributed power supply device 10, for example, by having the distributed power supply device 10 adjust power when the bid is successful.

[0030] The adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives the power adjustment capability of the distributed power supply apparatus 10. Types of power adjustment capability include negawatt adjustment capability and posiwatt adjustment capability. Negawatt adjustment capability indicates the amount of power that contributes to adjusting the amount of received power, which is the amount of power that the load equipment 12 receives from the power grid 16. In other words, negawatt adjustment capability indicates the amount of power for adjusting the amount of received power. Posiwatt adjustment capability indicates the amount of power supplied from the distributed power supply apparatus 10 to the power grid 16 by reverse power flow.

[0031] Here, from the perspective of the user of the distributed power supply device 10, the negawatt adjustment capacity is realized by adjusting the power output by the power unit 30 within the range of the power consumption of the user's own load equipment 12. In light of this, some users of the distributed power supply device 10 may decide that the negawatt adjustment capacity may be traded at a relatively low price in the electricity market 22 (in other words, adjustment related to the negawatt adjustment capacity may be performed at a relatively low bid price).

[0032] On the other hand, from the perspective of the user of the distributed power supply device 10, the posiwatt adjustability is realized by supplying the power output by the power unit to the power grid 16 without consuming it in the user's own load equipment 12. In light of this, some users of the distributed power supply device 10 may decide that they want to trade the posiwatt adjustability at a relatively high price in the electricity market 22 (in other words, they do not want to make adjustments related to the posiwatt adjustability unless the bid price is relatively high).

[0033] If such negawatt adjustment capacity and posiwatt adjustment capacity were to be submitted to bidding in the electricity market as a single adjustment capacity, there is a possibility that the bid will not be made as intended by the user of the distributed power supply device 10, and appropriate bidding will not be possible.

[0034] Therefore, when responding to a bid for power adjustment capacity, the adjustment capacity derivation unit 82 separately derives the negawatt adjustment capacity for a specific future date and the posiwatt adjustment capacity for that specific date. The specific date is, for example, the day after the day (e.g., today) on which a bid for adjustment capacity is submitted in the electricity market 22, and is the day on which power adjustment is requested (the day on which power adjustment is executed as a result of the successful bid). The adjustment capacity derivation unit 82 will be described in detail later.

[0035] Furthermore, in bidding for adjustment capacity in the electricity market 22, the time periods when power adjustment capacity is required, i.e., the time periods when power adjustment is requested, may be determined in advance. Hereinafter, the time periods when power adjustment is requested may be referred to as the requested time periods. Power adjustment is performed within the requested time periods on a specific day. In other words, power adjustment does not have to be performed outside the requested time periods on a specific day.

[0036] 2 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of operations of the data acquisition unit 52. The data acquisition unit 52 determines whether a set acquisition execution timing has arrived at every predetermined time (S10). The predetermined time here is set to, for example, one minute, but is not limited to this example and may be set to any time. If the acquisition execution timing has not arrived (NO in S10), the data acquisition unit 52 waits until the acquisition execution timing arrives.

[0037] When the timing for obtaining the data arrives (YES in S10), the data obtaining unit 52 obtains the current home electric power from the power unit 30 (S11). The home electric power is the power output by the power unit 30. The home electric power refers to the consumer 24 to which the distributed power supply device 10 belongs.

[0038] Next, the data acquisition unit 52 acquires the current received power detected by the power meter 14 from the power meter 14 (S12). The received power is the power that the load equipment 12 receives from the power grid 16.

[0039] Next, the data acquisition unit 52 adds the current private power and the current received power to derive the current power consumption in the load equipment 12 (S13).

[0040] Next, the data acquisition unit 52 stores the current private power, current received power, and current power consumption in the storage device 34 in association with the current time (S14), and ends the processing for this acquisition execution timing. In this way, the storage device 34 accumulates the actual values ​​of private power, received power, and power consumption each time an acquisition execution timing arrives (in other words, at each predetermined sampling period).

[0041] 3 is a sequence diagram illustrating the flow of operations of the adjustment capacity derivation unit 82, the predicted value derivation unit 54, and the management unit 80. Before submitting a bid for adjustment capacity in the electricity market 22, the aggregator performs an input operation via the user interface 64 to start the derivation of adjustment capacity.

[0042] When the adjustment capacity derivation unit 82 of the server device 20 receives an input operation to start the execution of derivation of adjustment capacity, it performs data request processing to transmit data request information requesting the transmission of data necessary for deriving adjustment capacity to the distributed power generation device 10 (S20). The data request information may include information requesting the transmission of data, as well as information on a specific day and information on a requested time period on the specific day.

[0043] When the predicted value derivation unit 54 of the distributed power supply device 10 receives the data request information, it references the information on the specific day and the requested time slot included in the data request information and derives a predicted value of power consumption for the requested time slot on the specific day (S21). Hereinafter, the predicted value of power consumption may be referred to as a power consumption predicted value.

[0044] For example, the predicted value derivation unit 54 derives a predicted power consumption value for each predetermined sampling period in the requested time period on a specific day based on the past power consumption stored in the storage device 34. The predetermined sampling period is arbitrarily set to, for example, one minute, in accordance with the timing of acquisition execution when the data acquisition unit 52 accumulates the power consumption data.

[0045] After deriving the predicted power consumption value, the predicted value derivation unit 54 performs a transmission process to transmit data to the server device 20 (S22). The transmitted data includes at least the predicted power consumption value derived by the predicted value derivation unit 54.

[0046] When the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 of the server device 20 receives the data including the predicted power consumption value, it performs a negawatt adjustment capability derivation process to derive a negawatt adjustment capability based on the received predicted power consumption value (S23). Next, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 performs a posiwatt adjustment capability derivation process to derive a posiwatt adjustment capability based on the received predicted power consumption value (S24). In this way, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 separately derives the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability based on the predicted power consumption value received from the distributed power supply device 10. The derivation of the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability will be described in detail later.

[0047] The adjustment capability derivation unit 82 is not limited to the mode in which the negawatt adjustment capability derivation process is performed first and the posiwatt adjustment capability derivation process is performed later, but may perform the posiwatt adjustment capability derivation process first and the negawatt adjustment capability derivation process later.

[0048] The adjustment capability derivation unit 82 displays the derivation results of the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability on the display device of the user interface 64 (S25). By referring to these results, the administrator of the server device 20 (i.e., the aggregator) can distinguish between the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability during the requested time slot on a specific day.

[0049] The administrator of the server device 20 (that is, the aggregator) performs an input operation to respond to a bid for the power adjustment capability through the user interface 64 while grasping the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability.

[0050] When the management unit 80 of the server device 20 receives an input operation to respond to a bid for power adjustment capacity, it communicates with the power market 22 via the communication device 60 and performs bidding processing to submit a bid for the bid (S30). If the bid is established (contracted) as a result of the bidding processing (YES in S31), an instruction to execute the power adjustment is transmitted from the power market 22 to the server device 20 on the day the power adjustment is to be performed.

[0051] If the bid is successful (contracted) (YES in S31), the management unit 80 waits until it receives an execution instruction from the electricity market 22 (NO in S32).

[0052] When the management unit 80 receives the execution instruction from the electricity market 22 (YES in S32), it performs a control command transmission process to transmit a control command for controlling the distributed power supply 10 in accordance with the execution instruction (S33).

[0053] The operation control unit 50 of the distributed power supply apparatus 10 controls the operation of the power unit 30 in accordance with the control command received from the server apparatus 20, thereby adjusting the power by the power unit 30 (S34).

[0054] If the bidding process results in no successful bid (a contract) (NO in S31), the power adjustment for the specific day is not executed.

[0055] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating negawatt adjustment capability. Fig. 4(a) is a diagram illustrating negawatt adjustment capability of a comparative example. Fig. 4(b) is a diagram illustrating negawatt adjustment capability of this embodiment.

[0056] The predicted power consumption value indicates a predicted value of instantaneous power consumption of the load equipment 12 at a predetermined timing on a specific day. The predicted private power value indicates a predicted value of instantaneous private power output by the power unit 30 at a predetermined timing on a specific day. The predicted received power value indicates a predicted value of instantaneous received power received by the load equipment 12 from the power grid 16 at a predetermined timing on a specific day. In the examples of Figures 4(a) and 4(b), the power unit 30 is controlled so that the value obtained by adding the predicted private power value to the predicted received power value is equal to the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing on a specific day.

[0057] The negawatt adjustment capability in the comparative example shown in FIG. 4(a) is determined based on the predicted received power value. For example, if the predicted self-power value is increased from the state shown in FIG. 4(a) so that the predicted self-power value becomes equal to the predicted power consumption value, the predicted received power value will decrease and the received power will become zero. Focusing on the predicted received power value, the received power will be adjusted by the amount obtained by subtracting the zero received power from the predicted received power value. Therefore, if the negawatt adjustment capability is determined based on the predicted received power value, the value obtained by subtracting the zero received power from the predicted received power value, in other words, the predicted received power value itself, will be the negawatt adjustment capability at a predetermined timing on a specific day.

[0058] Here, when the distributed power supply device 10 actually adjusts power and generates negawatt adjustment power under the management of the aggregator, the aggregator can receive an incentive (i.e., a bonus) from the electricity market 22. The more negawatt adjustment power the aggregator generates, the more incentive it can receive.

[0059] The aggregator can distribute the received incentive to users of distributed power supply devices 10 that actually adjusted power. If multiple distributed power supply devices 10 adjusted power, the aggregator may distribute the incentive so that users of distributed power supply devices 10 that generated more negawatt adjustment capacity receive more incentive. By generating negawatt adjustment capacity, users of distributed power supply devices 10 can receive incentives while reducing their electricity receiving charges due to a reduction in received power.

[0060] Users of distributed power generation devices 10 desire to maximize their negawatt adjustment capacity because the greater the negawatt adjustment capacity they generate, the more incentives they can receive. In other words, it is desirable to make appropriate bids in the electricity market 22 that can increase the incentives received by users of distributed power generation devices 10.

[0061] Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the negawatt adjustment capability is determined based on the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing on a specific day.

[0062] For example, if the predicted private power value is increased from the state shown in Figure 4(b) so that it becomes equal to the predicted power consumption value, the predicted received power value will decrease and the received power will become zero. Here, when focusing on the predicted power consumption value, the predicted received power value becomes zero precisely because the power unit 30 is controlled so that the predicted private power value becomes equal to the predicted power consumption value. In other words, when focusing on the predicted power consumption value, outputting power from the power unit 30 that is equal to the predicted private power consumption value contributes to adjusting the predicted received power value.

[0063] In this case, if the negative watt adjustment capacity is determined based on the predicted power consumption value, the value obtained by subtracting zero received power from the predicted power consumption value, in other words, the predicted power consumption value itself, becomes the negative watt adjustment capacity at a specific timing on a specific day.

[0064] As shown in Figure 4(b), the negawatt adjustment capability determined based on the predicted power consumption value is larger than the negawatt adjustment capability determined based on the predicted power reception value shown in Figure 4(a). Therefore, by determining the negawatt adjustment capability based on the predicted power consumption value, it is possible to increase the apparent negawatt adjustment capability compared to a mode in which the negawatt adjustment capability is determined based on the predicted power reception value. As a result, it is possible to increase the incentive received by users of distributed power supply devices 10, and appropriate bidding becomes possible in the electricity market 22.

[0065] If it is acceptable for the negawatt adjustment capability to be smaller than the example in Figure 4(b), the value obtained by subtracting zero received power from the predicted received power value, in other words, the predicted received power value itself, may be used as the negawatt adjustment capability at a specific timing on a specific day, as shown in Figure 4(a).

[0066] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating posiwatt adjustment capability. Fig. 5(a) is a diagram illustrating posiwatt adjustment capability of a comparative example. Fig. 5(b) is a diagram illustrating posiwatt adjustment capability of this embodiment. Note that the predicted power consumption values ​​and predicted private power consumption values ​​in Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(b) are values ​​at a predetermined timing on a specific day.

[0067] In the examples of Figures 5(a) and 5(b), at a predetermined timing on a specific day, the power unit 30 is controlled to output power of a predicted private power value that exceeds the predicted power consumption value, i.e., to output power that will cause a reverse flow from the distributed power supply device 10 to the power grid 16.

[0068] The posiwatt adjustment capability in the comparative example shown in Figure 5(a) is determined based on the predicted private power value. As shown in Figure 5(a), if the predicted private power value is set larger than the predicted power consumption value, a portion of the predicted private power value will be consumed by the load equipment 12, resulting in remaining power that cannot be consumed by the load equipment 12, and this remaining power will be supplied to the power grid 16 as a reverse power flow. In this example, the remaining power is the amount obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the predicted private power value. Therefore, if the posiwatt adjustment capability is determined based on the predicted private power value, the value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the predicted private power value will be the posiwatt adjustment capability at a predetermined timing on a specific day.

[0069] Here, similarly to negawatt adjustment power, when the distributed power supply 10 actually adjusts power and generates posiwatt adjustment power under the management of the aggregator, the aggregator can receive incentives from the electricity market 22. The more posiwatt adjustment power the aggregator generates, the more incentives it can receive.

[0070] The aggregator can distribute the received incentive to users of the distributed power supply apparatuses 10 that actually performed power adjustment. If multiple distributed power supply apparatuses 10 have performed power adjustment, the aggregator may distribute the incentive so that users of distributed power supply apparatuses 10 that have generated larger posiwatt adjustment capabilities can receive larger incentives.

[0071] Users of distributed power generation devices 10 desire to maximize their posiwatt adjustment capability because the greater the generated posiwatt adjustment capability, the more incentives they can receive. In other words, it is desirable to make appropriate bids in the electricity market 22 that can increase the incentives received by users of distributed power generation devices 10.

[0072] Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5(b), the posiwatt adjustment capability at a predetermined timing on a specific day is determined based on the controllable amount of the distributed power supply apparatus 10. The controllable amount is the maximum value of the power that the distributed power supply apparatus 10 can output. In other words, the controllable amount is the maximum value within the possible range of the private power prediction value. For example, if the power unit 30 is a cogeneration unit, the controllable amount is the rated output, which is the maximum value of the power that the cogeneration unit can generate.

[0073] 5(b), when the private power prediction value is increased to be greater than the power consumption prediction value, the power unit 30 can increase the private power prediction value up to the controllable amount. If the private power prediction value is increased to the controllable amount, part of the controllable amount is consumed by the load equipment 12, resulting in remaining power that cannot be consumed by the load equipment 12, and this remaining power is supplied to the power grid 16 as a reverse power flow. In this example, the remaining power is the controllable amount minus the power consumption prediction value.

[0074] In this case, if the posiwatt adjustment capability is determined based on the controllable amount, the value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the controllable amount becomes the posiwatt adjustment capability at a predetermined timing on a specific day.

[0075] As shown in Figure 5(b), the posiwatt adjustability determined based on the controllable amount is greater than the posiwatt adjustability determined based on the private power forecast value shown in Figure 5(a). Therefore, by determining the posiwatt adjustability based on the controllable amount, the posiwatt adjustability can be made greater than in a case where the posiwatt adjustability is determined based on the private power forecast value. As a result, the incentive received by users of the distributed power generation devices 10 can be increased, enabling appropriate bidding in the electricity market 22.

[0076] If it is acceptable for the posiwatt adjustment capability to be smaller than the example shown in Figure 5(b), the value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the predicted in-house power value may be used as the posiwatt adjustment capability at a specific timing on a specific day, as shown in Figure 5(a).

[0077] Furthermore, the predicted power consumption value may become larger than the controllable amount depending on the state of the load equipment 12 and the operating environment of the load equipment 12. In such a case, the power unit 30 cannot output power that exceeds the predicted power consumption value, and therefore cannot supply power to the power grid 16 as a reverse power flow, and therefore cannot generate posiwatt adjustment capability.

[0078] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of derivation of negawatt adjustment capability. In Fig. 6, predicted power consumption values ​​derived for each predetermined sampling period on a specific day are illustrated by black circles. Also, in Fig. 6, the controllable amount of the distributed power supply device 10 is illustrated by a dashed dotted line. Note that for ease of explanation, Fig. 6 simplifies the illustration of the sampling period, predicted power consumption values, and the like.

[0079] As described above, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 can acquire multiple predicted power consumption values ​​for each sampling period in the requested time slot on a specific day from the distributed power supply apparatus 10. Furthermore, the predicted power consumption values ​​fluctuate over time, as shown in Fig. 6. Therefore, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives the negawatt adjustment capability based on the time transition of the predicted power consumption values ​​in the requested time slot on a specific day.

[0080] The adjustment capacity derivation unit 82 controls the power unit 30 at a controllable amount during the requested time period on a specific day, thereby enabling power to be supplied to the power grid 16 by reverse power flow during at least part of the requested time period.

[0081] The adjustment capability derivation unit 82 determines whether the predicted power consumption value at each predetermined timing for each sampling period in the requested time slot on a specific day is less than the controllable amount. The adjustment capability derivation unit 82 divides the requested time slot on a specific day into a first time slot during which the predicted power consumption value is less than the controllable amount and a second time slot during which the predicted power consumption value is equal to or greater than the controllable amount. The first time slot corresponds to a time slot during which power can be supplied to the power grid 16 via reverse power flow. The second time slot corresponds to a time slot during which power cannot be supplied to the power grid 16 via reverse power flow.

[0082] As explained using Figure 4(b), the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing can itself be used as the negawatt adjustment capability at the predetermined timing. Based on this, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives, for a first hour in the requested time slot on a specific day, the amount of power obtained by accumulating the predicted power consumption values ​​for the first hour over the first hour (in other words, the time-accumulated value of the predicted power consumption values ​​for the first hour) as the negawatt adjustment capability. In Figure 6, the negawatt adjustment capability for the first hour is illustrated by hatching sloping downward to the right.

[0083] Furthermore, as described above, the controllable amount is the maximum value of the power that the power unit 30 can output. Based on this, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives the amount of power obtained by accumulating the controllable amount over the second hour in the requested time slot on the specific day (in other words, the time-accumulated value of the controllable amount over the second hour) as the negawatt adjustment capability. In Fig. 6, the negawatt adjustment capability for the second hour is illustrated by hatching that slopes upward to the right.

[0084] 6, the requested time period may include both the first time and the second time. In light of this, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives the sum of the negawatt adjustment capability for the first time period and the sum of the negawatt adjustment capability for the second time period as the negawatt adjustment capability for the requested time period on the specific day.

[0085] For example, if the requested time period does not include the second hour and only includes the first hour, the adjustment capacity derivation unit 82 may derive the predicted power consumption value at a specified timing during the requested time period on a specific day, and the amount of power accumulated during the requested time period on a specific day, as the negawatt adjustment capacity for the requested time period on a specific day.

[0086] Furthermore, for example, if the requested time period does not include the first time period and only includes the second time period, the adjustment power derivation unit 82 may derive the controllable amount of the distributed power supply device 10 as the amount of power accumulated during the requested time period on a specific day as the negawatt adjustment power for the requested time period on a specific day.

[0087] If it is permitted to determine the negawatt adjustment capability based on the received power prediction value described using FIG. 4(a), the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 may derive the amount of power obtained by accumulating the received power prediction value at a predetermined timing over a first time period as the negawatt adjustment capability.

[0088] 6, the power unit 30 is controlled at the controllable amount during the requested time slot on a specific day. However, the embodiment is not limited to controlling the power unit 30 at the controllable amount. For example, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 may control the power unit 30 at any private power level, thereby enabling power to be supplied to the power grid 16 in a reverse flow manner during at least a portion of the requested time slot. In this embodiment, the first time may be the time during which power is supplied to the power grid in a reverse flow manner, i.e., the time during which the predicted power consumption value is less than the predicted private power value.

[0089] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of derivation of the posiwatt adjustment capability. In Fig. 7, predicted power consumption values ​​derived for each predetermined sampling period on a specific day are illustrated by black circles. Also, in Fig. 7, the controllable amount of the distributed power supply device 10 is illustrated by a dashed line. Note that for ease of explanation, Fig. 7 simplifies the illustration of the sampling period, predicted power consumption values, and the like.

[0090] The predicted power consumption value fluctuates over time, as shown in Fig. 7. Therefore, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives the posiwatt adjustment capability based on the time transition of the predicted power consumption value in the requested time slot on a specific day and the controllable amount. Here, as explained in the description of the negawatt adjustment capability, it is assumed that the requested time slot on a specific day is divided into a first hour and a second hour.

[0091] As described with reference to FIG. 5(b), the value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing from the controllable amount can be used as the posiwatt adjustability at the predetermined timing. Based on this, the adjustability derivation unit 82 derives, as the posiwatt adjustability, the amount of power obtained by accumulating, over the first hour, a difference value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing within the first hour from the controllable amount during the first hour of the requested time slot on a specific day. In other words, the adjustability derivation unit 82 derives, as the posiwatt adjustability, the time-accumulated value during the first hour of the difference value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing within the first hour from the controllable amount. In the example of FIG. 7, the posiwatt adjustability for the first hour is illustrated by hatching.

[0092] Furthermore, in the second time period, the predicted power consumption value is equal to or greater than the controllable amount. When the predicted power consumption value is equal to or greater than the controllable amount, power cannot be supplied to the power grid 16 by reverse power flow, and posiwatt adjustment capability cannot be generated. For this reason, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 does not derive posiwatt adjustment capability for the second time period.

[0093] The adjustment capability derivation unit 82 derives the total posiwatt adjustment capability for the first hour as the posiwatt adjustment capability for the requested time slot on the specific day.

[0094] For example, if the requested time period does not include the second hour and includes only the first hour, the adjustment power derivation unit 82 may derive the difference value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value at a specified timing during the requested time period on a specific day from the controllable amount, and may derive the accumulated amount of power during the requested time period on a specific day as the posiwatt adjustment power for the requested time period on a specific day.

[0095] Furthermore, for example, if the requested time period does not include the first time period and only includes the second time period, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 may derive a posiwatt adjustment capability of "zero" because there is no time period in which power can be supplied to the power grid 16 by reverse flow.

[0096] 5(a) is acceptable, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 may derive the posiwatt adjustment capability based on the time trends of the predicted private power generation value and the predicted power consumption value during the requested time slot on a specific day. For example, the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 may derive, as the posiwatt adjustment capability, the amount of power obtained by accumulating, during the first hour of the requested time slot on a specific day, the difference value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value at a predetermined timing within the first hour from the predicted private power generation value at a predetermined timing within the first hour.

[0097] Furthermore, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 is not limited to being controlled at the controllable amount throughout the entire requested time period from the start to the end of the specific day. For example, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be controlled at the controllable amount for at least a portion of the requested time period on a specific day, and by being controlled in this manner, supply power to the power grid 16 in a reverse power flow manner for at least a portion of the requested time period. Furthermore, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be controlled using an arbitrary private power prediction value so as to supply power to the power grid 16 in a reverse power flow manner for at least a portion of the requested time period on a specific day.

[0098] As described above, in the distributed power generation system 1 of this embodiment, the negawatt adjustment capability on a specific future day and the posiwatt adjustment capability on a specific future day are derived separately. As a result, in the distributed power generation system 1 of this embodiment, the aggregator can refer to the derived results of the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability, thereby understanding the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability separately.

[0099] Therefore, according to the distributed power generation system 1 of this embodiment, the aggregator can respond to bids for adjustment capability by separating it into negawatt adjustment capability and posiwatt adjustment capability, and appropriate bidding in the electricity market 22 becomes possible.

[0100] Furthermore, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be controlled to supply power to the power grid 16 in a reverse power flow manner during at least a portion of a requested time slot during which power adjustment is required on a specific day. In this example, the time during which power is supplied to the power grid 16 in a reverse power flow manner during the requested time slot on the specific day is the first time slot. The amount of power obtained by accumulating predicted power consumption values ​​at predetermined timings within the first time slot over the first time slot may be derived as the negawatt adjustment capability, and the amount of power obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the predicted value of power output from the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be derived as the posiwatt adjustment capability. In this aspect, the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability can be appropriately distinguished and derived.

[0101] Furthermore, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be controlled at the controllable amount during at least a portion of a requested time slot during which power adjustment is required on a specific day. In this example, the first hour is the time during which power is supplied to the power grid 16 as a reverse power flow by controlling the distributed power supply apparatus 10 at the controllable amount during the requested time slot on the specific day. The amount of power obtained by accumulating predicted power consumption values ​​at predetermined timings within the first hour over the first hour may be derived as the negawatt adjustment capability, and the amount of power obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption values ​​from the controllable amount and accumulating the value over the first hour may be derived as the posiwatt adjustment capability. In this aspect, the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability can be more appropriately distinguished and derived.

[0102] Furthermore, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be controlled to supply power to the power grid 16 in a reverse power flow manner during at least a portion of a requested time slot during which power adjustment is required on a specific day. In this example, the time during which power is supplied to the power grid 16 in a reverse power flow manner during the requested time slot on the specific day is the first hour. The amount of power obtained by accumulating, over the first hour, predicted received power values ​​at predetermined timings within the first hour may be derived as the negawatt adjustment capability, and the amount of power obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the predicted value of power output from the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be derived as the posiwatt adjustment capability. In this aspect, the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability can be appropriately distinguished and derived.

[0103] Furthermore, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, the distributed power supply apparatus 10 may be controlled at the controllable amount during at least a portion of a requested time slot during which power adjustment is required on a specific day. In this example, the first hour is the time during which power is supplied to the power grid 16 as a reverse power flow by controlling the distributed power supply apparatus 10 at the controllable amount during the requested time slot on the specific day. The amount of power obtained by accumulating, over the first hour, the received power predicted value at a predetermined timing within the first hour may be derived as the negawatt adjustment capability, and the amount of power obtained by subtracting the power consumption predicted value from the controllable amount may be derived as the posiwatt adjustment capability. In this aspect, the negawatt adjustment capability and the posiwatt adjustment capability can be more appropriately distinguished and derived.

[0104] Furthermore, in the distributed power generation system 1 of this embodiment, the negawatt adjustment capability for a specific future day is derived based on the time transition of the predicted power consumption value for the specific day. As a result, in the distributed power generation system 1 of this embodiment, the negawatt adjustment capability can be made larger in appearance compared to a mode in which the negawatt adjustment capability is derived based on the time transition of the predicted received power value.

[0105] Therefore, according to the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, appropriate bidding becomes possible in the electricity market 22, and the incentives received by users of the distributed power supply devices 10 can be increased.

[0106] Furthermore, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, the amount of power obtained by accumulating the predicted power consumption values ​​over the first hour is derived as the negawatt adjustment capability in the first hour, and the amount of power obtained by accumulating the controllable amount over the second hour is derived as the negawatt adjustment capability in the second hour. As a result, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, even if there is a time when the predicted power consumption values ​​on a specific day are equal to or greater than the controllable amount, it is possible to appropriately derive the negawatt adjustment capability.

[0107] Furthermore, in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment, the amount of power accumulated over the first hour, obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the controllable amount, is calculated as the posiwatt adjustment capability. This makes it possible to maximize the posiwatt adjustment capability in the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment. Therefore, the distributed power system 1 of this embodiment enables more appropriate bidding in the electricity market 22, and can further increase the incentives received by users of the distributed power supply devices 10.

[0108] While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments. It is clear that those skilled in the art can conceive of various modifications and alterations within the scope of the claims, and it is understood that such modifications and alterations also fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0109] For example, in the above embodiment, the processor 40 of the distributed power supply system 10 functions as the data acquisition unit 52 and the predicted value derivation unit 54. However, some or all of the data acquisition unit 52 and the predicted value derivation unit 54 may be realized by the processor 70 of the server device 20, or may be realized in any computer. Also, in the above embodiment, the processor 70 of the server device 20 functions as the adjustment capability derivation unit 82. However, some or all of the adjustment capability derivation unit 82 may be realized by the processor 40 of the distributed power supply system 10, or may be realized in any computer. [Explanation of symbols]

[0110] 1. Distributed power systems 10 Distributed power supply 12 Load equipment 16 Power system 82 Adjustment force derivation part

Claims

1. a load facility electrically connected to the power grid; a distributed power supply device electrically connected to the load equipment and the power grid and capable of supplying power to the load equipment and the power grid; an adjustment capability derivation unit that defines an amount of power that the load equipment receives from the power grid as a received power amount, defines a predicted value of power consumption of the load equipment at a predetermined timing on a specific future day as a predicted power consumption value, and derives a negawatt adjustment capability that indicates an amount of power that contributes to adjusting the amount of received power on the specific day based on a time transition of the predicted power consumption value on the specific day; Equipped with a controllable amount is a maximum value of power that can be output by the distributed power supply apparatus; The adjustment force derivation unit In a first time period in which the predicted power consumption value on the specific day is less than the controllable amount, an amount of power obtained by accumulating the predicted power consumption value in the first time period is derived as a negawatt adjustment capacity; In a second time period in which the predicted power consumption value on the specific day is equal to or greater than the controllable amount, the amount of power accumulated over the second time period by the controllable amount is derived as a negawatt adjustment capacity. Distributed power systems.

2. an amount of power supplied by reverse power flow from the distributed power supply device to the power grid on the specific day is defined as posiwatt adjustment capability; the adjustment capability derivation unit derives, as the posiwatt adjustment capability, an amount of power accumulated over the first time period, which is a value obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption value from the controllable amount, The distributed power system of claim 1 .

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