Buildings and construction methods

Abstract

To provide a building and a building method in which a story deformation angle can be made small, even when a ground beam is not present.SOLUTION: A building 10 has a reinforce concrete foundation body 60 arranged around a column base part 80 composed of a part of the upper end side of a pile 40, a first plate 50 and a part of the lower end side of a column 21, and a reinforced concrete earthen floor 70 which connects multiple columns arranged along a ground level with each other. By connecting multiple foundation bodies 60 to the earthen floor 70, the multiple columns are independent with each other in the ground G. Thus, rigid floor assumption of the floor can be obtained in the building, and a story deformation angle of the building 10 can be made small, even when a horizontal force of an earthquake and the like is applied.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a building and a construction method, and more particularly to a building and a construction method that can reduce the inter-story deformation angle even without underground beams. [Background technology]

[0002] As shown in Figure 7, a typical building 90 includes a superstructure 93 formed by combining multiple columns 91 and beams 92 connecting the columns 91 horizontally, and a foundation 94 placed in the ground to support the superstructure 93. The foundation 94 is made up of piles 95 buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, column bases 96 placed on the top surfaces of the piles 95, and underground beams 97 that connect the column bases 96 horizontally and are placed in the ground. In such a typical building 90, the column bases 96 are connected to each other by the underground beams 97, so that horizontal forces such as those of an earthquake can be transmitted to all of the column bases 96, and the rigid floor assumption (assuming that the shape of the floor will not deform even if the floor moves or rotates horizontally) is valid.

[0003] However, when constructing the foundation 94 of a building 90 using underground beams 97, it is necessary to excavate the ground along the location of the underground beams 97, which is time-consuming and requires high costs for disposing of the excavation waste.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned problem, there is a method of installing steel pipe piles with screws attached to the tip into the ground as foundations for buildings without underground beams (Patent Document 1).

[0005] In addition, in the foundations of buildings that do not have underground beams, in order to ensure the rigidity of the connection between the piles and the columns, solid steel is provided between the columns and piles of the building, and this solid steel is used to connect the columns and piles of the building (Patent Documents 2 and 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP-A-11-181790 (paragraphs 0013 to 0017 and Figure 1, etc.) [Patent Document 2] JP 2008-038586 A (paragraph 0027 and Figure 9, etc.) [Patent Document 3] JP 2015-086692 A (paragraphs 0011, 0012 and figures 6, 7, etc.) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, in the conventional buildings and construction methods described above, since no underground beams are installed in the ground and multiple columns are not connected to each other, the assumption of a rigid floor cannot be made, and there is a problem in that the inter-story deformation angle becomes large when horizontal forces are applied due to earthquakes, etc.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a building and a construction method that can reduce the inter-story deformation angle even without underground beams. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve this object, the building of the present invention comprises a plurality of columns which are an upper structure of the building and are made of metal material, and a substructure of the building which is provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of columns and which is made of at least a part of metal material and is buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, and the plurality of columns and piles are independent from each other in the ground, A solid steel member formed from a metal material and to which the upper end of the pile and the lower end of the column are connected; The foundation structure is provided with a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a part of the upper end side of the pile, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface and connecting a plurality of the foundation bodies together. The solid steel material is formed to have the same outer shape as the outer shape of the pile in the connection direction with the pile, and is welded to the pile with the side surface of the pile and the side surface of the solid steel material aligned. do.

[0010] The construction method of the present invention also includes at least Also stakesand a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around a part of the ground surface, and a reinforced concrete floor body arranged along the ground surface and connecting the plurality of foundation bodies together. In the building, the column comprises a column main body disposed on the upper side of the column and a column-side connecting member disposed on the lower side of the column and connected to the column main body, and the structure comprises a first connecting step of connecting a solid steel material to the upper end of the pile buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, a first changing step of changing the overall length of the column-side connecting member to a predetermined length in accordance with the connection position of the solid steel material to the pile, and a second connecting step of connecting the column-side connecting member changed to the predetermined length to the column main body and then connecting the column-side connecting member to the solid steel material, The foundation body and the earthen floor body are arranged such that the reinforcing bars of the foundation body and the reinforcing bars of the earthen floor body are connected at least in part, and concrete for the foundation body and the earthen floor body is poured simultaneously. Alternatively, in a building comprising a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a portion of a pile, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface and connecting a plurality of the foundation bodies together, the pile comprises a pile main body arranged on the lower side of the pile, and a pile-side connecting member arranged on the upper side of the pile and connected to the pile main body, and the method comprises an embedding step of burying the pile main body to a predetermined depth in the ground, a third connecting step of connecting the pile-side connecting member to a solid steel material, a second changing step of changing the overall length of the pile-side connecting member connected to the solid steel material to a predetermined length in accordance with the embedded position of the pile main body, and a fourth connecting step of connecting the pile-side connecting member, the length of which has been changed to the predetermined length, to the pile main body, The foundation body and the earthen floor body are arranged such that the reinforcing bars of the foundation body and the reinforcing bars of the earthen floor body are connected at least in part, and concrete for the foundation body and the earthen floor body is poured simultaneously. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the building described in claim 1, the building is equipped with a reinforced concrete foundation structure arranged around at least a portion of the upper ends of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab structure arranged along the ground surface and connecting the multiple foundation structures together, so that the rigid floor assumption can be established even in the case of a building where multiple columns or piles are independent of each other in the ground. This makes it possible to reduce the story deformation angle of the building when horizontal forces such as earthquakes act on it. Furthermore, the building of claim 1 does not have underground beams, which eliminates the need to excavate the ground to install underground beams and the disposal of the excavation waste. Furthermore, the building of claim 1 has solid steel members made of metal that connect the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the columns, allowing the columns and piles to be connected as a single piece of metal material. Therefore, when a horizontal force acts on the column, the horizontal force is transmitted to the piles, making it easier for the piles to support the column. As a result, the column is less likely to collapse when a horizontal force acts on it.

[0012] Furthermore, according to the building of claim 1, the solid steel material is formed to have the same outer shape as the outer shape of the pile in the connecting direction with the pile, and is welded to the pile with the side of the pile and the side of the solid steel material coinciding, so when connecting the solid steel material to the pile, the welding workability between the solid steel material and the pile can be improved. That is, when installing solid steel material with an outer shape larger than the outer shape of the pile, the welding work needs to be performed from below the joint in an upward position, which makes the welding workability worse. However, because the solid steel material is formed to have the same outer shape as the outer shape of the pile, the welding work can be performed in a horizontal position, which prevents the welding workability from being worsened. Furthermore, because the solid steel is formed to the same external shape as the pile, when the solid steel is placed at the top of the pile, it can be aligned with the pile by aligning the side of the pile with the side of the solid steel. As a result, the ease of welding the solid steel to the pile is improved. Furthermore, because the solid steel is formed to the same external shape as the pile, when the ready-mixed concrete that forms the foundation is poured around the column base, the ready-mixed concrete can flow more easily around the pile and the solid steel. (In other words, it is possible to prevent air pockets from forming on the underside of solid steel that is larger than the pile diameter, preventing the ready-mixed concrete from flowing around the pile.) This prevents problems caused by gaps from forming between the pile and the solid steel and the foundation.

[0013] According to the building described in claim 2, the building includes a reinforced concrete foundation structure arranged around at least a portion of the upper ends of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab structure arranged along the ground surface and connecting the multiple foundation structures. This allows for the floor to be assumed to be rigid even in buildings with multiple columns or piles that are independent of each other in the ground. This reduces the building's inter-story deformation angle when horizontal forces such as those caused by earthquakes are applied. Furthermore, the building described in claim 2 does not include underground beams, eliminating the need for excavation of the ground to install underground beams and the disposal of the resulting soil. Furthermore, the building described in claim 2 includes solid steel members made of metal that connect the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the columns, allowing the columns and piles to be connected as a single piece of metal material. Therefore, when horizontal forces act on the columns, the horizontal forces are transmitted to the piles, making it easier for the piles to support the columns. As a result, the columns are less likely to collapse when horizontal forces act on them. According to the building structure of claim 2, the pile comprises a pile body made of a metal material and disposed below the pile, and a pile-side connecting member made of a metal material and disposed above the pile, connected to the pile body. The pile-side connecting member is set to a length such that the pile body side protrudes downward from the foundation body, thereby preventing the entire pile-side connecting member from being constrained by the foundation body. Therefore, when horizontal forces are applied due to earthquakes or other events, the maximum bending moment acting on the pile can be applied to the portion of the pile-side connecting member that protrudes from the foundation body and is not constrained by the foundation body. Therefore, by using a thickness and material appropriate for the pile-side connecting member, the pile-side connecting member can be reinforced against the bending moment acting on it, eliminating the need to unnecessarily increase the size of the entire pile. As a result, the manufacturing costs of the building can be reduced.

[0014] Claim 3 According to the described building, claim 1 Or 2 In addition to the effects of the building described above, the foundation body is arranged around the base of the column, which is made up of a portion of the upper end of the pile, the solid steel, and a portion of the lower end of the column, so that the connection parts between the solid steel, the pile, and the column can be surrounded and reinforced by the foundation body. As a result, when horizontal forces such as those caused by an earthquake act, damage to the connection parts between the solid steel, the pile, and the column can be prevented.

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] According to the building described in claim 4, 3 In addition to the effects of the buildings described , pillar Since elastic members made of elastic materials are interposed between the legs and the foundation body and the earthwork body, when horizontal forces such as earthquakes temporarily act on the foundation body, the elastic members can be elastically deformed to weaken the horizontal forces temporarily acting on the piles and columns from the foundation body, and the bending moment acting on the piles and columns can be reduced. This allows the strength of the piles and columns to be reduced, and the piles and columns can be made from inexpensive materials. By Cut.

[0019] According to claim 5, the building comprises a reinforced concrete foundation structure arranged around at least a portion of the upper ends of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab structure arranged along the ground surface and connecting the multiple foundation structures together, so that the rigid floor assumption can be established even in the case of a building in which multiple columns or piles are independent of each other in the ground. This makes it possible to reduce the story deformation angle of the building when horizontal forces such as earthquakes act on it. Furthermore, the building of claim 5 does not have underground beams, so it is not necessary to excavate the ground to install underground beams or to dispose of the surplus soil generated by the excavation.

[0020] Furthermore, in the building of claim 5, since the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the columns are connected to the foundation body, the height of the lower ends of the columns can be adjusted using the reinforced concrete foundation body. This eliminates the need for high precision in driving height of the piles, simplifying the pile driving work. Also, since the height of the lower ends of the columns can be adjusted using the reinforced concrete foundation body, beams (beams other than underground beams) placed above the columns can be placed at the height specified in the design drawings.

[0021] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the building comprises a pile body made of a metal material and disposed below the pile body, and a pile-side connecting member made of a metal material and disposed above the pile body. The pile-side connecting member is designed to extend downward beyond the foundation body, preventing the entire pile-side connecting member from being constrained by the foundation body. Therefore, when horizontal forces are applied due to earthquakes or other events, the maximum bending moment acting on the pile can be applied to the portion of the pile-side connecting member that protrudes beyond the foundation body and is not constrained by the foundation body. Therefore, by using a thickness and material appropriate for the pile-side connecting member, the pile-side connecting member can be reinforced against the bending moment acting on it, eliminating the need to unnecessarily increase the size of the entire pile. As a result, the manufacturing costs of the building can be reduced.

[0022] According to the building described in claim 6, in addition to the effects of the building described in claim 5, at least a portion of the earthen floor body is arranged around a portion of the lower end of the pillar, so that the connection portion between the pillar and the foundation body can be reinforced by the earthen floor body.

[0023] In claim 6, which is dependent on claim 5, the column is connected to the foundation. or 2Compared to the case where the columns are connected to solid steel materials as in the building described in 2010, when horizontal force acts on the columns, the force is more likely to concentrate at the connection part between the columns and the foundation body. Therefore, when horizontal force acts on the columns, the connection part between the columns and the foundation body may break, and the columns may collapse.

[0024] In contrast, according to the building of claim 6, the connection between the pillar and the foundation can be reinforced with a floor structure, so that when a horizontal force acts on the pillar, the connection between the pillar and the foundation can be prevented from breaking and causing the pillar to collapse.

[0025] According to the building described in claim 7, in addition to the effects of the building described in any one of claims 1 to 6, it comprises a column main body formed from a metal material and arranged on the upper side of the column, and a column side connecting member formed from a metal material and arranged on the lower side of the column and connected to the column main body, and the column side connecting member is set to a length such that the column main body side protrudes upward beyond the earthen floor body, thereby preventing the entire column side connecting member from being restrained by the earthen floor body.

[0026] Therefore, when horizontal forces such as those caused by earthquakes act, the maximum bending moment acting on the column can be applied to the portion of the column-side connecting member that protrudes from the earthen floor structure and is not restrained by the earthen floor structure. Therefore, by using an appropriate thickness and material for the column-side connecting member, the column-side connecting member can be reinforced against the bending moment acting on it, eliminating the need to unnecessarily increase the size of the entire column. As a result, the manufacturing costs of the building can be reduced.

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] Claim 8 According to the described building, claims 2 or 5In addition to the effects of the described building, the pile-side connecting member is formed with the same outer shape as the pile body in the connecting direction with the pile body, and is welded and joined with the side of the pile body and the side of the pile-side connecting member coinciding, so that when connecting the pile-side connecting member to the pile body, the welding workability between the pile body and the pile-side connecting member can be improved. That is, when disposing a pile-side connecting member with an outer shape larger than the outer shape of the pile body, the welding work must be performed from below the joint in an upward position, which makes the welding workability worse. However, since the pile-side connecting member is formed with the same outer shape as the pile body, the welding work can be performed in a horizontal position, which prevents the welding workability from being worsened.

[0030] Furthermore, since the pile-side connecting member is formed to have the same outer shape as the pile body, when the pile-side connecting member is disposed on the pile body, the pile-side connecting member can be aligned with the pile body by aligning the side surfaces of the pile-side connecting member and the pile body, thereby improving the ease of welding the pile-side connecting member to the pile body.

[0031] Claim 9 According to the described building, from claim 1 8 In addition to the effects of the building described in any one of the above, the outer side of the foundation body is formed to be inclined from top to bottom in a direction approaching or moving away from the axis of the pile, so that when a horizontal force acts on the foundation body due to an earthquake or the like, the direction of action of at least a portion of the horizontal force can be changed to the up-down direction. This reduces the horizontal force acting on the column base. As a result, damage to the piles and columns can be suppressed when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on the building.

[0032] In addition, since the floor body is connected to the foundation body, when at least some of the forces acting horizontally are changed by the foundation body to forces acting in the vertical direction, the shear strength of the floor body can prevent the building from shaking in the vertical direction due to the changed vertical force.

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Claim 1 0 According to the construction method described , pillar The system comprises a column main body disposed on the upper side of the column and a column-side connecting member disposed on the lower side of the column and connected to the column main body, and comprises a first connecting step of connecting a solid steel material to the upper end of a pile buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, a first changing step of changing the overall length of the column-side connecting member to a predetermined length in accordance with the connection position of the solid steel material to the pile, and a second connecting step of connecting the column-side connecting member, changed to the predetermined length, to the column main body and then connecting the column-side connecting member to the solid steel material. Therefore, even if the accuracy of the height position of the solid steel material is poor, the overall length of the column can be changed to connect the column and the solid steel material. Therefore, the beams (beams other than underground beams) disposed above the column main body can be disposed at the height according to the design drawings.

[0036] Furthermore, because the height of the column body relative to the earthen floor can be made the same for each column, when horizontal forces such as earthquakes act on the foundation, the position of the maximum bending moment acting on the column body can be made the same for each column, which simplifies structural calculations.

[0037] Claim 1 1 According to the construction method described , stake The pile-side connecting member is provided on the upper side of the pile and connected to the pile main body, and includes an embedding step of embedding the pile main body to a predetermined depth in the ground, a third connecting step of connecting the pile-side connecting member to the solid steel material, a second changing step of changing the overall length of the pile-side connecting member connected to the solid steel material to a predetermined length in accordance with the embedded position of the pile main body, and a fourth connecting step of connecting the pile-side connecting member, whose length has been changed, to the pile main body. Therefore, the overall length of the pile can be changed even after the pile main body is embedded in the ground, making it easy to adjust the height of the pile.

[0038] In addition, by adjusting the height of the piles, the length of the piles enclosed by the foundation body and the earthen floor body can be made the same for each pile. This makes it easier to make the force acting on the piles the same for each pile when the foundation body is subjected to horizontal forces such as earthquakes. As a result, structural calculations can be simplified. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0039] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a building according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 10(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 10(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a third embodiment. [Figure 3] 10(a) is a cross-sectional view of a building according to a fourth embodiment, (b) is a cross-sectional view of a pile and a second plate, and (c) is a cross-sectional view of a column base. [Figure 4] FIG. 10(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a fifth embodiment, and FIG. 10(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 10(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to an eighth embodiment, and FIG. 10(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a ninth embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a perspective front view of a conventional building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0040] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a building 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building 10 according to the first embodiment. Note that FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a cross-section of the building 10 cut along the axis of the piles 40 when the building 10 is constructed on the ground G. Also, for ease of understanding, FIG. 1 illustrates the foundation body 60 and the slab body 70 as separate members, but the foundation body 60 and the slab body 70 are formed as a single piece of reinforced concrete (note that the foundation body 60 and the slab body 70 are similarly illustrated as separate members in FIG. 2 and subsequent figures).

[0041] As shown in Figure 1, a building 10 is composed of a superstructure 20 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 30 constructed below the superstructure 20 and supporting the superstructure 20. The superstructure 20 is composed of a plurality of columns 21 formed from general steel such as metal H-section steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes and extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of beams 22 formed from general steel such as metal H-section steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes and connecting the plurality of columns 21 in the horizontal direction above the ground G.

[0042] In the first embodiment, the columns 21 are formed from square steel pipes, and the beams 22 are formed from H-shaped steel. In the superstructure 20 of the building 10 in the first embodiment, the columns 21 and the beams 22 are connected by connecting both ends of the beams 22 to joints 21a formed in the columns 21.

[0043] The foundation 30 mainly comprises piles 40 buried to a predetermined depth in the ground G, a metal first plate 50 arranged on the upper end surface 40a of the piles 40, a foundation body 60 arranged around the piles 40 and the first plate 50, and a floor body 70 arranged in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL) and connecting multiple foundation bodies 60.

[0044] The pile 40 is configured as a prefabricated SC pile having a cylindrical metal round steel pipe 41 and concrete 42 arranged to a predetermined thickness along the inner surface of the round steel pipe 41. The pile 40 is also formed from a metal material and includes a disk-shaped pile top member 43 arranged at the upper end of the pile 40, and a first plate 50 is placed on the upper surface (i.e., upper end surface 40a) of the pile top member 43 and joined to the pile top member 43 by welding.

[0045] The piles 40 are not limited to prefabricated SC piles, but may be other prefabricated piles such as PC piles or PHC piles. In this case as well, the first plate 50 is placed on the pile top member 43 that forms the upper end surface 40a of the pile 40, and the pile top member 43 and the first plate 50 are welded together.

[0046] Furthermore, the pile 40 is set to a driving depth such that the upper end surface 40a is positioned below the floor structure 70, and the connection portion between the pile 40 and the column 21 connected via the first plate 50 is surrounded by the foundation body 60 and the floor structure 70. In the first embodiment, the entire column base 80, which is composed of a portion of the upper end side of the pile 40, the first plate 50, and a portion of the lower end side of the column 21, is surrounded by the foundation body 60 and the floor structure 70.

[0047] The first plate 50 is formed as a metal plate member having a predetermined thickness. The first plate 50 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the circular pile 40 when viewed from above, and is welded to the pile top member 43 of the pile 40 with its outer peripheral surface coinciding with the outer peripheral surface of the pile 40. Furthermore, the lower end of the pillar 21 is placed on the upper surface of the first plate 50 and welded to it. In this way, the pile 40 and the pillar 21 are connected via the first plate 50.

[0048] The first plate 50 is formed as a solid plate member having a thickness greater than that of the column 21, which is formed from general steel such as an H-shaped steel, a square steel pipe, or a round steel pipe. This makes it possible to increase the strength of the first plate 50 more than that of the column 21. Therefore, even if a large axial force is applied to the column 21, damage to the first plate 50 can be suppressed.

[0049] Furthermore, the pillar 21 is formed to have an outer size smaller than that of the first plate 50 when viewed from above. This makes it possible to weld the pillar 21 to the upper surface of the first plate 50 even if the installation position of the pillar 21 is misaligned with the axis of the pile 40.

[0050] The foundation body 60 is a concrete body with reinforcing bars (not shown) arranged inside, and is formed to a size that surrounds a part of the upper end side of the pile 40, the first plate 50, and a part of the lower end side of the column 21. The installation area of ​​the foundation body 60 is formed by excavating the area around the ground G in which the pile 40 is buried, and after the foundation body 60 is installed, the outer side surface 60a of the foundation body 60 is in contact with the ground G.

[0051] The floor structure 70 is a concrete body with reinforcing bars (not shown) arranged inside, and is arranged in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL) over the entire area where the multiple columns 21 of the superstructure 20 are arranged. In other words, the column bases 80 connecting the piles 40 to the columns 21 and the foundation bodies 60 arranged around these column bases 80 are connected via the floor structure 70. Even if the ground of the building 10 is weak (for example, if the N-value, an index indicating the hardness of the ground G according to the standard penetration test (JIS A 1219), is 2 or more and 10 or less), differential settlement of the floors can be suppressed by arranging the floor structure 70 in contact with the ground surface GL.

[0052] In the first embodiment, the floor body 70 is arranged horizontally outside the foundation body 60 at the outer end of the building 10 (the left end in Figure 1), but at the outer end of the building 10 (the left end in Figure 1), it is sufficient if a portion of the floor body 70 is arranged outside the column 21 that constitutes the outer end of the superstructure 20, and the floor body 70 may also be arranged horizontally inside the foundation body 60 that is arranged around the base 80 of the column 21 that constitutes the outer end of the superstructure 20.

[0053] Next, a construction method for the building 10 in the first embodiment will be described. In the building 10 in the first embodiment, first, the area around the ground G into which the piles 40 will be driven is excavated to form a space for arranging the foundation body 60, and then the piles 40 are driven into the ground G to a predetermined depth (a depth at which a portion of the upper end of the pile 40 protrudes from the ground G and the upper end surface 40a is located below the earthen floor body 70) (first step (embedding step)). The space for arranging the foundation body 60 has a space at least horizontally outside the welded joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 40. Therefore, in the second step (first connection step) described later, it is possible to weld the first plate and the pile 40 together using the space for arranging the foundation body 60.

[0054] In the second step (first connection step), the first plate 50 is disposed on the upper end surface 40a of the pile 40, and the pile 40 and the first plate 50 are welded together. In this case, as described above, the first plate 50 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the circular pile 40 when viewed from above, and the first plate 50 and the pile 340 are welded together with the outer peripheral surface of the first plate 50 coinciding with the outer peripheral surface of the pile 40. Therefore, the first plate 50 and the pile 40 can be welded together from the horizontal outer side of the first plate 50 and the pile 40 by utilizing the arrangement space of the foundation body 60. As a result, the welding workability can be improved when disposing the first plate 50 on the pile 40.

[0055] That is, when the first plate 50 is formed to have an outer shape larger than the pile 40 in a top view, at least a portion of the first plate 50 will protrude from the pile 40. Therefore, the first plate 50 and the pile 40 need to be welded together in an upward position from below the joint. In this case, there is not enough space (an installation area for installing the foundation body 60) below the joint, so the joint needs to be welded in a poor welding position (lying on the ground surface GL with only the hands and head pressed below the joint), which poses a problem of poor welding workability.

[0056] In contrast, when viewed from above, the first plate 50 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the circular pile 40, and the outer peripheral surface of the first plate 50 is aligned with the outer peripheral surface of the pile 40, so that welding work of the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 40 can be performed in a horizontal position. Therefore, the welding workability between the first plate 50 and the pile 40 can be improved.

[0057] Furthermore, by aligning the outer peripheral surface of the pile 40 with the outer peripheral surface of the first plate 50 in a top view, the position of the first plate 50 relative to the pile 40 can be determined. That is, if the outer diameters of the pile 40 and the first plate 50 are different, it is necessary to measure the installation position of the first plate 50 relative to the pile 40 when aligning the axis of the first plate with the axis of the pile 40. However, in the first embodiment, the first plate 50 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the pile 40. Therefore, by aligning the outer peripheral surface of the pile 40 with the outer peripheral surface of the first plate 50, the axis of the pile 40 can be aligned with the axis of the first plate 50. Therefore, when installing the first plate 50, it is not necessary to measure its installation position. This improves the ease of welding the first plate 50 and the pile 40.

[0058] In the third step, the pillar 21 is disposed on the top of the first plate 50, and the upper surface of the first plate 50 and the lower end of the pillar 21 are welded together. This connects the pillar 21 and the pile 40 via the first plate 50. The first plate 50 and the pillar 21 are welded together from above and outside their joint. In this case, only the two members, the first plate 50 and the pillar 21, may be welded together, or three members, the first plate 50, the pillar 21, the weld member disposed inside the pillar 21, and the pillar 21 may be welded together, as in the welded joint between the second plate 451 and the pillar 21 (fourth embodiment) described later.

[0059] In the fourth step, the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 80 and in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL), and then ready-mixed concrete is poured (cast) into the area where the reinforcing bars are arranged, and the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 380.

[0060] In the first embodiment, after the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the reinforcing bars of the slab body 70 are at least partially connected and installed, ready-mixed concrete is poured (cast) into the areas where the foundation body 60 and the slab body 70 are to be installed simultaneously. This eliminates the need to wait for the concrete of the foundation body 60 to harden before casting the concrete of the slab body 70. This reduces the time required for casting the concrete.

[0061] Furthermore, in this case, as described above, the first plate 50 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the pile 40, which is formed circularly in top view, and the first plate 50 and the pile 40 are welded together with the outer peripheral surface of the first plate 50 coinciding with the outer peripheral surface of the pile 40. Therefore, when the ready-mixed concrete is poured around the column base 80, it is possible to make the ready-mixed concrete flow easily around the pile 40 and the first plate 50 (that is, it is possible to prevent an air pocket from forming on the underside of the first plate 50, which is larger than the outer diameter of the pile 40, and preventing the ready-mixed concrete from flowing around the pile 40). Therefore, it is possible to prevent problems caused by gaps from being formed between the pile 40 and the first plate 50 and the foundation body 60.

[0062] Furthermore, in the building 10, the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70 are at least partially connected to each other, which prevents horizontal forces from acting separately on the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70, making it easier to transmit the horizontal force acting on the foundation body 60 to the earthen floor body 70. Therefore, when a horizontal force acts on the foundation body 60, it is possible to prevent the horizontal force from acting in a concentrated manner on some of the column bases 80 from the foundation body 60. As a result, damage to the column bases 80 can be prevented.

[0063] As described above, in the building 10, the foundation bodies 60 arranged around each column base 80 connecting the piles 40 and the columns 21 are connected via the floor body 70, so that when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on the building 10, the horizontal force received by the side 60a of the foundation body 60 can be transmitted to other foundation bodies 60 via the floor body 70.

[0064] However, if the column bases 80 are simply connected by the earthen floor body 70 (column bases 80 without foundation body 60), when the ground G is weak and moves due to horizontal forces such as an earthquake, the area of ​​the pressure-receiving surface (horizontal outer side surface) of the column bases 80 that receives the ground G is small, allowing the ground G to move horizontally relative to the foundation 30. This movement of the ground G relative to the foundation 30 makes the column bases 80 more likely to collapse horizontally, causing the column 21 to tilt.

[0065] In contrast to this, in the building 10 of the first embodiment, the foundation body 60 is provided around the column base 80, so that when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on the building 10, the pressure-receiving surface (side surface 60a) can be made larger than the side surface of the column base 80. This makes it easier for the side surface 60a to receive the horizontal force from the ground G, and the horizontal force from the ground G can be reliably received and transmitted to the column base 80, stabilizing the superstructure 20.

[0066] Therefore, in the first embodiment, the foundation body 60 and the slab body 70 allow the horizontal force of an earthquake or the like to be received by the foundation body 60 arranged around the column base 80, while being transmitted to other foundation bodies 60 via the slab body 70, so that even if multiple columns 21 and piles 40 are independent of each other in the ground G (i.e., even if there are no underground beams in the ground G connecting the columns 21 and piles 40), the rigid floor assumption can be established. Therefore, the story deformation angle of the building 10 can be reduced when a horizontal force such as an earthquake is applied.

[0067] Furthermore, since the column base 80, which connects the pile 40 and the column 21 via the first plate 50, is surrounded by the reinforced concrete foundation body 60, the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 40 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 can be reinforced by the foundation body 60. This makes it possible to suppress deformation of the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 40 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21. Therefore, when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on the column base 80 from the foundation body 60, it is possible to suppress tilting of the column 21. As a result, the inter-story deformation angle of the building 10 can be reduced.

[0068] Furthermore, since the column base 80 is covered by the base body 60, it is possible to prevent moisture from adhering to the periphery of the column base 80. As a result, it is possible to prevent the column base 80 from corroding.

[0069] Furthermore, building 10 does not have underground beams (underground beams 97 in Figure 7) that connect multiple columns 21 together within the ground G, as in the conventional building 90 shown in Figure 7, so there is no need to excavate the ground G to install the underground beams or to dispose of the excavation waste soil.

[0070] In the first embodiment, the external shape of the foundation body 60 in top view is formed into a substantially square shape, and the side surface 60a of the foundation body 60 extends along the extension direction of the beams 22. This makes it possible to prevent the columns 21 from tilting when the side surface 60a of the foundation body 60 receives a horizontal force from the ground G. This makes it possible to reduce the inter-story deformation angle of the building 10 when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on it.

[0071] Next, a building 210 in a second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 2(a). In the above first embodiment, a case where the columns 21 constituting the superstructure 20 are directly disposed on the first plate 50 has been described, but in the second embodiment, a case where the column main bodies 223 of the columns 221 constituting the superstructure 220 are connected to the first plate 50 via column-side connecting members 224 will be described. Note that the same parts as in the above first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

[0072] Fig. 2(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 210 according to the second embodiment. Fig. 2(a) schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0073] As shown in Figure 2(a), a building 210 in the second embodiment is composed of a superstructure 220 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 30 constructed below the superstructure 220 and supporting the superstructure 20. The superstructure 220 is composed of a plurality of columns 221 formed from general steel such as metal H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes and extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of beams 22 formed from general steel such as metal H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes and connecting the plurality of columns 221 in the horizontal direction above the ground G.

[0074] The column 221 mainly comprises a column main body 223 that is disposed on the upper side of the column and to which the beams 22 are connected to form the superstructure of the building 210, and a column-side connecting member 224 that is disposed on the lower side of the column and connected to the first plate 50 and the column main body 223. Note that, in the second embodiment, a case will be described in which the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 are formed from square steel pipes of approximately the same dimensions in top view, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 may be formed from different shapes and sizes.

[0075] Next, a construction method for the building 210 in the second embodiment will be described. Note that the construction method for the building 210 in the second embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment up to the first and second steps ((embedding step and first connecting step)) of welding the first plate 50 to the pile 40 driven into the ground G, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0076] In the third step (first modification step), the height of the first plate 50 to be disposed on each pile 40 is measured, and then the column-side connecting members 224 are cut to adjust their lengths so that the upper end faces of the column-side connecting members 224 are at the same position (height) according to the measured height. This allows the column main bodies 223 welded to the upper end faces of the column-side connecting members 224 to be disposed at the same height.

[0077] In the fourth step, the column-side connecting member 224 is welded to the lower part of the column main body 223. At the joint between the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 (the butt joint between the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224), a welding member 225 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than those of the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 is disposed inside the joint, and the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 are welded together with the welding member 225. This can improve the strength of the joint between the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224.

[0078] In the fifth step (second connection step), the column 221 is disposed on the upper surface side of the first plate 50, and the column-side connection member 224 and the first plate 50 are welded together. As a result, the pile 40 and the column 221 are connected via the first plate 50. Note that the first plate 50 and the column 221 are welded together from above and outside their joint positions, similar to the welding joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 in the first embodiment. In this case, only the two members, the first plate 50 and the column 221 (column-side connection member 224), may be welded together, or three members, the first plate 50, the column 221 (column-side connection member 224), and a welding member disposed inside the column 221 (column-side connection member 224), may be welded together.

[0079] In the sixth step, similar to the fourth step in the first embodiment described above, the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 280 and in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL), and ready-mixed concrete is poured (cast) into the area where the reinforcing bars are arranged, and the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 280.

[0080] According to the building 210 constructed as described above, even if there is variation in the height position of the first plate 50 (i.e., variation in the driving depth of the piles 40 or the thickness of the first plate 50), the column 221 can be connected to the first plate 50 by changing the overall length of the column 221 by cutting the column-side connecting member 224 (the third step described above). Therefore, the beam 22 connected to the column main body 223 can be arranged at the height according to the design drawings.

[0081] Furthermore, since the installation height of each column body 223 relative to the earthen floor body 70 can be made the same for each column body 223, when a horizontal force such as an earthquake is transmitted from the foundation body 60 to the column 221, the position of the maximum bending moment acting on the column body 223 can be made the same for each column body 223. As a result, structural calculations can be simplified.

[0082] Furthermore, the length of the column-side connecting member 224 is set so that the column main body 223 side protrudes upward beyond the earthen floor structure 70. This prevents the entire column-side connecting member 224 from being constrained by the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor structure 70. Therefore, when a horizontal force is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the maximum bending moment acting on the column 221 can be applied to the portion of the column-side connecting member 224 that protrudes beyond the earthen floor structure 70 and is not constrained by it. Therefore, by using an appropriate thickness and material for the column-side connecting member 224, the column-side connecting member 224 can be reinforced against the bending moment acting on it, eliminating the need to unnecessarily increase the size of the entire column 221. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the building 210 can be reduced.

[0083] Next, a building 310 in a third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 2(b). In the first embodiment, a case where a pile 40 driven into the ground G is directly connected to the first plate 50 is described, but in the third embodiment, a case where a pile main body 345 driven into the ground G is connected to the first plate 50 via a pile-side connecting member 346 is described. Note that the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

[0084] Fig. 2(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 310 according to the third embodiment. Fig. 2(b) schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 2(b), the building 310 in the third embodiment is composed of an upper structure 20 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 330 constructed below the upper structure 20 and supporting the upper structure 20.

[0086] The foundation 330 mainly comprises piles 340 buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, a metal first plate 50 arranged on the upper end surface 340a of the piles 340, a foundation body 60 arranged around the piles 340 and the first plate 50, and a floor body 70 arranged in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL) and connecting multiple foundation bodies 60.

[0087] The pile 340 mainly comprises a pile main body 345 that is disposed on the lower side of the pile and driven into the ground G, and a pile side connecting member 346 that is disposed on the upper side of the pile and connects the first plate 50 and the pile main body 345.

[0088] The pile body 345 is a prefabricated SC pile identical to the pile 40 in the first embodiment, and similarly to the first embodiment, is composed of a round steel pipe 41, concrete 42, and a pile top member 43. Note that the pile body 345 is not limited to a prefabricated SC pile, and other prefabricated piles such as PC piles and PHC piles may also be used.

[0089] The pile-side connection member 346 is a round steel pipe formed into a cylindrical shape from a metal material, and is formed with the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the pile main body 345. The pile-side connection member 346 is welded to the pile top member 43 of the pile main body 345 in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the pile main body 345 and the outer peripheral surface of the pile-side connection member 346 are aligned in top view.

[0090] In the third embodiment, the outer shape of the first plate 50 is formed larger than that of the pile-side connecting member 346. As a result, when the axis of the pillar 21 is misaligned in the horizontal direction with respect to the axis of the pile 340, the first plate 50 is formed larger, so that the misalignment of the axis of the pillar 21 with respect to the axis of the pile 340 can be absorbed, and the pillar 21 can be welded to the first plate 50.

[0091] Next, a construction method for the building 310 in the third embodiment will be described. Note that the construction method for the building 310 in the third embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment up to the first step (embedding step) of driving the pile main body 345 (the pile 40 in the first embodiment) into the excavated ground G to a predetermined depth, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0092] In the second step (second modification step), the height of each pile main body 345 is measured, the pile-side connecting member 346 is cut according to the measured position, and the height of the first plate 50 disposed on the upper end surface 340a of the pile 340 is adjusted. This allows each column 21 welded to the upper surface side of the first plate 50 to be disposed at the same height.

[0093] In the third step (fourth connection step), the pile-side connection member 346, which is welded to the first plate 50, is welded to the pile top member 43 of the pile main body 345. This connects the pile main body 345 and the first plate 50 via the pile-side connection member 346. In the third embodiment, the first plate 50 and the pile-side connection member 346 are welded together in a factory where the first plate 50 and the pile-side connection member 346 are manufactured (third connection step).

[0094] As described above, the pile-side connection member 346 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the pile main body 345, which is formed in a circular shape when viewed from above, and the pile-side connection member 346 and the pile main body 345 are welded together with the outer peripheral surface of the pile main body 345 and the outer peripheral surface of the pile-side connection member 346 aligned. Therefore, in the third step (fourth connection step), similar to the welding operation of the connection portion between the pile 40 and the first plate 50 in the first and second embodiments, the welding operation of the pile-side connection member 346 and the pile main body 345 can be performed in a horizontal position, and the axis of the pile-side connection member 346 can be easily aligned with the axis of the pile main body 345. As a result, the efficiency of welding the pile-side connection member 346 and the pile main body 345 can be improved.

[0095] In the fourth step, the pillar 21 is joined by welding to the upper surface side of the first plate 50. This connects the pile 340 and the pillar 21 via the first plate 50. Note that the welded joint between the first plate 50 and the pillar 21 is similar to the welded joint between the first plate 50 and the pillar 21 in the first embodiment, so a detailed description of the welded joint will be omitted.

[0096] In the fifth step, similar to the fourth step in the first embodiment described above, the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 380 and in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL), and then ready-mixed concrete is poured (cast) into the area where the reinforcing bars are arranged, and the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 380.

[0097] According to the building 310 constructed as described above, even if the driving depth of each pile body 345 into the ground G varies, the overall length of each pile 340 can be changed by cutting the pile-side connecting member 346 (the third step described above), thereby changing the height position of the upper end surface 340a of each pile 340. This makes it possible to make the installation height of each column 21 arranged on the upper surface side of each first plate 50 the same for each column 21. Therefore, the beams 22 connected to the columns 21 can be installed at the height according to the design drawings.

[0098] Furthermore, because the height of the piles 340 can be adjusted, the overall length (vertical dimension) of the columns 21 and piles 340 enclosed by the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70 can be made the same for each column 21 and each pile 340. This makes it easier to make the force acting on each column base 80 the same for each column base 80 when horizontal force such as an earthquake is received by the side surface 60a of the foundation body 60. As a result, structural calculations can be simplified.

[0099] Furthermore, the length of the pile-side connection member 346 is set so that the pile main body 345 side protrudes downward beyond the foundation body 60. This prevents the entire pile-side connection member 346 from being constrained by the foundation body 60. Therefore, when horizontal force is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the maximum bending moment acting on the pile 340 can be applied to the portion of the pile-side connection member 346 that protrudes from the foundation body 60 and is not constrained by the foundation body 60. Therefore, by using an appropriate thickness and material for the pile-side connection member 346, the pile-side connection member 346 can be reinforced against the bending moment acting on it, eliminating the need to unnecessarily increase the size of the entire pile 340. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the building 310 can be reduced.

[0100] Furthermore, in the third embodiment, the outer dimensions of the first plate 50 are made larger than the outer dimensions of the pile 340 and the column 21, so that when axial force is generated in the column 21, the upper and lower surfaces of the first plate 50 can be abutted against the foundation body 60, thereby ensuring strength against the axial force.

[0101] Next, a building 410 in a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3. In the first embodiment, a case where prefabricated piles 40 whose total length cannot be changed are buried is described, but in the fourth embodiment, a case where piles 440 whose total length can be changed are buried is described. Note that the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

[0102] Fig. 3(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 410 in the fourth embodiment, Fig. 3(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pile 440 and a second plate 451, and Fig. 3(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a column base 480. Note that Figs. 3(a) to 3(c) schematically illustrate cross sections at positions corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 in the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 3(b) and 3(c) sequentially illustrate the manufacturing process of the column base 480 in the fourth embodiment, and welding positions are indicated by the symbol Y.

[0103] As shown in FIG. 3(a), the building 410 in the fourth embodiment is composed of an upper structure 20 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 430 constructed below the upper structure 20 and supporting the upper structure 20.

[0104] The foundation 430 mainly comprises piles 440 buried to a predetermined depth in the ground G, a metal second plate 451 disposed on the upper end of the piles 440, a foundation body 60 disposed around the piles 440 and the second plate 451, and a floor body 70 disposed in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL) and connecting multiple foundation bodies 60.

[0105] The pile 440 in the fourth embodiment is formed from a hollow steel pipe pile, and is formed so that the upper part of the pile can be cut off at a predetermined height after being driven into the ground G to a predetermined depth. The pile 440 is configured so that a second plate 451 disposed on the upper part of the pile can be disposed at the predetermined height by cutting the upper part of the pile at the predetermined height.

[0106] The second plate 451 comprises an inner member 451a formed in a circular shape with an outer diameter approximately the same as the inner diameter of the pile 440 and arranged inside the pile 440, and an outer member 451b having a through hole 451b1 with an inner diameter approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 440 and arranged outside the pile 440, and the upper surfaces of the inner member 451a and the outer member 451b are welded to the pile 440 with their positions aligned with the upper end of the pile 440.

[0107] In the fourth embodiment, the lower end of the pillar 21 is disposed in contact with the upper part of the second plate 451, and the lower end of the pillar 21 and the upper surface of the second plate 451 are welded together. That is, the pillar 21 and the pile 440 are connected via the second plate 451.

[0108] Next, a construction method for the building 410 in the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 3(a) to 3(c). Note that the construction method for the building 410 in the fourth embodiment is the same as the first step (embedding step) in the first embodiment up to the step of driving the piles 440 (the piles 40 in the first embodiment) into the excavated ground G to a predetermined depth, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0109] In the second step, as described above, the top of the pile 440 driven into the ground G is cut at a predetermined height, and the installation height of the second plate 451 installed on the top of the pile 440 is adjusted. This allows the columns 21 installed on the upper surface side of the second plate 451 to be installed at the same height.

[0110] 3(b), in the third step, an inner member 451a and an outer member 451b of a second plate 451 are disposed on the inside and outside of the upper part of the pile 440, and the inner member 451a, the outer member 451b, and the pile 440 are slot-welded from above through the space between the inner member 451a and the outer member 451b. This eliminates the need to weld the second plate 451 and the pile 440 from below the second plate 451, improving the efficiency of welding the pile 440 and the second plate 451.

[0111] In the fourth step, as shown in Fig. 3(c), after the column 21 is disposed above the second plate 451, the lower part of the column 21 is welded to the upper surface of the second plate 451. The column 21 and the second plate 451 are welded together with the welding member 425 disposed inside the column 21 from above and outside the joining position. This improves the efficiency of welding the column 21 and the first plate 50.

[0112] In the fifth step, similar to the fourth step in the first embodiment described above, the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 480 (part of the lower end side of the column 21, the second plate 451, and part of the upper end side of the pile 440) and in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL), and then ready-mixed concrete is poured (cast) into the area where the reinforcing bars are arranged, and the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 are arranged around the column base 380.

[0113] According to the building 410 constructed as described above, similar to the building 10 in the first embodiment, the foundation bodies 60 arranged around the column bases 480 are connected via the floor bodies 70, so that when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on the building 10, the horizontal force received by the side 60a of the foundation body 60 can be transmitted to other foundation bodies 60 via the floor bodies 70.

[0114] Therefore, in the building 410, similar to the building 10 in the first embodiment, the foundation bodies 60 and the slab bodies 70 allow the horizontal force of an earthquake or the like to be received by the foundation bodies 60 arranged around the column bases 480, while the horizontal force can be transmitted to other foundation bodies 60 via the slab bodies 70, so that even if the multiple columns 21 and piles 440 are independent of each other in the ground G (i.e., even if there are no underground beams in the ground G connecting the columns 21 and piles 440), the rigid floor assumption can be established. Therefore, the story deformation angle of the building 410 can be reduced when a horizontal force such as an earthquake is applied.

[0115] Furthermore, in the building 410, even when the pile 440 is formed from a hollow steel pipe pile, the column 21 and the pile 440 can be connected by the second plate 451, and it is possible to prevent the connection portion between the column 21 and the pile 440 from becoming complicated. Furthermore, since the column 21 and the pile 440 are welded together by the second plate 451, it is possible to easily transmit the axial force acting on the column 21 to the pile 440.

[0116] In the building 410, the second plate 451 is formed as a solid plate member having a thickness greater than the thickness of the column 21 formed from general steel such as an H-shaped steel, a square steel pipe, or a round steel pipe, and the thickness of the pile 440 formed as a steel pipe pile. This makes it possible to increase the strength of the second plate 451 more than the strength of the column 21 and the pile 440. Therefore, when a large axial force is applied to the column 21, damage to the second plate 451 can be suppressed.

[0117] Furthermore, in the building 410, the outer shape of the first plate 50 is formed larger than the outer shapes of the piles 440 and the columns 21. As a result, when an axial force is generated in the columns 21, the upper and lower surfaces of the second plate 451 can be brought into contact with the foundation body 60, thereby ensuring strength against the axial force.

[0118] Next, a building 510 in a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 4(a). In the above first embodiment, the case where the column base 80 is arranged in contact with the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70 is described, but in the fifth embodiment, a case where an elastic member 581 is interposed between the column base 80 and the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70 is described. Note that in the fifth embodiment, the building 10 in the first embodiment is only provided with an elastic member 581 between the column base 80 and the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70, and other configurations are the same as in the first embodiment, so description of parts other than the elastic member 581 will be omitted.

[0119] Fig. 4(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 510 according to the fifth embodiment. Fig. 4(a) schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0120] As shown in Figure 4(a), in the fifth embodiment, a building 510 has an elastic member 581 formed from a rubber-like elastic material arranged around the column base 80 of a column 21 connected via a first plate 50 and a pile 40.

[0121] In the building 510 of the fifth embodiment, when a horizontal force acts on the column base 80 from the foundation body 60 due to an earthquake or the like, the elastic member 581 is elastically deformed, thereby reducing the bending moment that temporarily acts on the column 21 and the pile 40. Therefore, when a horizontal force acts on the column base 80 from the foundation body 60 due to an earthquake or the like, it is possible to prevent the column 21 from tilting, and to prevent the inter-story deformation angle of the building 510 from increasing.

[0122] Furthermore, by disposing the elastic member 581 around the column base 80, it is possible to prevent water from entering around the column base 80. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the column base 80 from corroding due to moisture.

[0123] That is, in the case of the building 10 in the first embodiment, where the column base 80 is surrounded by the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70 made of reinforced concrete, if cracks occur in the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70, moisture may enter through the cracks and corrode the column base 80. In contrast, in the fifth embodiment, the member arranged around the column base 80 is a rubber-like elastic member 581, which can prevent cracks from occurring around the column base 80. As a result, corrosion of the column base 80 due to moisture can be prevented.

[0124] The elastic member 581 is not disposed on the outer surface of the column base 80 in the vertical direction (i.e., on the upper surface side of the first plate 50), but is disposed only on the outer side surface of the column base 80 in the horizontal direction. This allows the first plate 50 to support the foundation body 60 and the earthen floor body 70, which are disposed in a position covering the top of the first plate 50.

[0125] In other words, if an elastic member is arranged on the outer surface of the first plate 50 in the vertical direction, the elastic member will elastically deform due to the vertical forces acting on the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70, causing the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 to sink (deform) downward.However, by not arranging the elastic member 581 on the outer surface of the column base 80 in the vertical direction, the sinking (deformation) of the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 due to the elastic deformation of the elastic member can be suppressed.

[0126] Next, a building 610 in a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 4(b). In the first embodiment, the side surface 60a of the foundation body 60 is formed perpendicular to the ground surface GL. In the sixth embodiment, however, a case will be described in which the side surface 660a of the foundation body 60 is formed at an incline with respect to the ground surface GL. Note that in the sixth embodiment, only the shape of the side surface 60a of the foundation body 60 in the first embodiment is different, and other configurations are the same as in the first embodiment, so description of parts other than the side surface 660a will be omitted.

[0127] Fig. 4(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 610 according to the sixth embodiment. Fig. 4(b) schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0128] As shown in FIG. 4(b), in the building 610 of the sixth embodiment, the side surface 660a of the foundation body 60 disposed around the column base 80 is formed in a shape that moves from the lower side to the upper side and away from the column base 80 in the horizontal direction outward. Therefore, when a horizontal force acts on the foundation body 60 due to an earthquake or the like, the direction of action of at least a portion of the horizontal force can be changed upward. This makes it possible to reduce the horizontal force acting on the column base 80. As a result, when a horizontal force due to an earthquake or the like acts on the building 610, the bending moment acting on the piles 40 and the columns 21 can be reduced, and damage to the piles 40 and the columns 21 can be suppressed.

[0129] In addition, since the floor body 70 is connected to the foundation body 60, when at least a portion of the force acting horizontally is changed by the foundation body 60 to a force acting upward, the shear strength of the floor body 70 can prevent the building 610 from shaking up and down due to the changed upward force.

[0130] Next, a building 710 in the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5. In the first embodiment, the upper ends of the piles 40 are arranged below the earthen floor body 70, but in the seventh embodiment, the upper ends of the piles 740 are arranged above the earthen floor body 70. Note that the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

[0131] Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 710 according to the seventh embodiment. Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0132] As shown in FIG. 5, a building 710 in the seventh embodiment is composed of an upper structure 20 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 730 constructed below the upper structure 20 and supporting the upper structure 20.

[0133] The foundation 730 mainly comprises a pile 740 buried to a predetermined depth in the ground G, a metal first plate 50 arranged on the upper end surface 740a of the pile 740, a foundation body 60 arranged around a part of the pile 740 at a position below the upper end surface 740a of the pile 740, and a floor body 70 arranged in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL) and connecting multiple foundation bodies 60.

[0134] Similar to the pile 40 in the first embodiment, the pile 740 is configured as a prefabricated SC pile including a round steel pipe 41, concrete 42, and a pile top member 43. Also, similar to the pile 40 in the first embodiment, other prefabricated piles such as PC piles and PHC piles may be used.

[0135] Furthermore, the pile 740 in the seventh embodiment is set to a driving depth such that the upper end surface 740a is positioned above the floor body 70, and the upper end surface 740a is spaced a predetermined distance above the top surface of the floor body 70. Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 are positioned a predetermined distance above the floor body 70.

[0136] In the above first embodiment, a case was described in which the column base 80, which is composed of a portion of the upper end of the pile 40, the first plate 50, and a portion of the lower end of the column 21, is surrounded by the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70, but in the seventh embodiment, the column base 80 is arranged above the floor body 70.

[0137] According to the building 710 constructed as described above, similar to the building 10 in the first embodiment, the foundation body 60 arranged around a portion of the pile 740 is connected via the floor body 70, so that when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts on the building 710, the horizontal force received by the side 60a of the foundation body 60 can be transmitted to the other foundation body 60 via the floor body 70.

[0138] Therefore, in the building 710, similar to the building 10 in the first embodiment, the foundation body 60 and the slab body 70 allow the horizontal force of an earthquake or the like to be received by the foundation body 60 arranged around some of the piles 740, while the horizontal force can be transmitted to other foundation bodies 60 via the slab body 70, so that even if the multiple piles 740 are independent of each other in the ground G (i.e., even if there are no underground beams in the ground G connecting the piles 740), the rigid floor assumption can be established. Therefore, the story deformation angle of the building 710 can be reduced when a horizontal force such as an earthquake is applied.

[0139] Furthermore, in the building 710, the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 are disposed at a predetermined distance above the slab 70. This allows the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 to be disposed at a position away from the boundary with the slab 70, where the bending moment acting on the pile 740 and the column 21 is maximized when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts. This reduces the bending moment acting on the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21. As a result, damage to the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 can be suppressed.

[0140] In the building 710, the driving depth of the pile 740 is set so that the upper end surface 740a of the pile 740 is disposed at a position that becomes the antipode point (the point where the bending moment switches from "positive to negative" or "negative to positive") of the bending moment applied to the pile 740 and the column 21 when a horizontal force such as an earthquake acts. This makes it possible to minimize the bending moment applied to the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740.

[0141] Furthermore, the driving depth of the pile 740 may be set so that the upper surface of the first plate 50 is located at the anti-point of the bending moment acting on the pile 740 and the column 21. In this case, the bending moment acting on the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21 can be minimized.

[0142] Furthermore, the driving depth of the pile 740 may be set so that the midpoint between the bottom end of the pillar 21 and the top end of the pile 740 is located at a position that is an anti-point of the bending moment applied to the pile 740 and the pillar 21. In this case, it is possible to easily reduce the bending moment applied to the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740 and the joint between the first plate 50 and the pillar 21, thereby suppressing damage to each joint.

[0143] That is, in the seventh embodiment, by setting the driving depth of the pile 740 so that the position that is the anti-point of the bending moment acting on the pile 740 and the column 21 is located at any position between the lower end of the column 21 and the upper end of the pile 740, it is possible to easily reduce the bending moment acting on the joint between the first plate 50 and the pile 740, or the joint between the first plate 50 and the column 21.

[0144] Next, a building 810 in an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 6(a). In the first embodiment, the upper end of the pile 40 and the lower end of the column 21 are connected to the first plate 50, but in the eighth embodiment, the upper end of the pile 40 and the lower end of the column 821 are connected to a foundation body 860. Note that the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted.

[0145] Fig. 6(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 810 according to the eighth embodiment. Fig. 6(a) schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0146] As shown in FIG. 6(a), the building 810 in the eighth embodiment is composed of an upper structure 820 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 830 constructed below the upper structure 820 and supporting the upper structure 820.

[0147] The upper structure 820 is composed of a plurality of columns 821 formed from a concrete body (reinforced concrete) with reinforcing bars (not shown) arranged inside and extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of beams 822 formed from a concrete body (reinforced concrete) with reinforcing bars (not shown) arranged inside and connecting the plurality of columns 821 horizontally above the ground G.

[0148] The foundation 830 mainly comprises piles 40 buried to a predetermined depth in the ground G, reinforced concrete foundation bodies 860 with the upper ends of the piles 40 buried downward and arranged around the upper ends of the piles 40, and floor bodies 70 arranged in contact with the ground surface GL (along the ground surface GL) and connecting multiple foundation bodies 860. In the eighth embodiment, ready-mixed concrete is poured separately into the areas where the foundation bodies 860 and the floor bodies 70 are to be arranged, and the floor bodies 70 are formed after the foundation bodies 860 are formed.

[0149] The foundation body 860 is configured so that the upper end of the pile 40 and the lower end of the column 821 can be connected, and the upper end is set at a height that makes contact with the lower surface of the column 821, and the lower end is set at a height that is lower than the upper end of the pile 40. The pile 40 and the foundation body 860 are connected by embedding the upper end of the pile 40 inside the foundation body 860, and the column 821 and the foundation body 860 are connected by arranging the reinforcing bars of the reinforced concrete that make up the column 821 and the foundation body 860 so that they are at least partially connected.

[0150] Furthermore, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the upper end surface of the foundation body 860 is set at a position lower than the upper end surface of the floor body 70, and the floor body 70 covers the upper end surface of the foundation body 860. This allows the connection portion between the foundation body 860 and the column 821 to be covered by the floor body 70, and the connection portion between the foundation body 860 and the column 821 to be reinforced by the floor body 70.

[0151] Here, in a building 810 in the eighth embodiment in which the lower end of the column 821 is connected to a reinforced concrete foundation 860, when a horizontal force acts on the column 821, the force is more likely to concentrate on the connection between the column 821 and the foundation 860 than in a building 10 in the first embodiment in which the column 21 is connected to the first plate 50 and the column 21 and the first plate 50 are surrounded by the foundation 60. Therefore, when a horizontal force acts on the column 821, the connection between the column 821 and the foundation 860 may be damaged, and the column 821 may collapse.

[0152] In contrast, according to the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the connection portion between the pillar 821 and the foundation body 860 can be reinforced with the floor body 70, so that when a horizontal force acts on the pillar 821, the connection portion between the pillar 821 and the foundation body 860 can be prevented from being damaged and causing the pillar 821 to collapse.

[0153] Furthermore, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the upper end of the pile 40 and the lower end of the column 821 are connected to the foundation body 860, so the height of the lower end of the column 821 can be adjusted by the reinforced concrete foundation body 860. That is, the installation height of the column 821 can be adjusted by the amount of ready-mixed concrete poured into the installation area of ​​the foundation body 860. Therefore, compared to the case where the column 21 and the pile 40 are connected by the first plate 50 as in the building 10 of the first embodiment, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the driving height of the pile 40 does not need to be highly accurate, so the work of driving the pile 40 can be simplified. Furthermore, because the height of the column 821 can be adjusted by the reinforced concrete foundation body 860, the beam 822 installed above the column 821 can be installed at the height specified in the design drawings.

[0154] Furthermore, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the upper ends of the piles 40 and the lower ends of the columns 821 are connected to the foundation body 860, so there is no need to connect (weld) the upper ends of the piles 40 and the lower ends of the columns 21 within the ready-mixed concrete pouring area of ​​the foundation body 60, as in the building 10 of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the construction workability of the building 810 can be improved.

[0155] Furthermore, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment in which the lower ends of the columns 821 are connected to the foundation body 860, it is not necessary to weld the lower ends of the columns 21 to the metal first plate 50 as in the columns 21 of the building 10 of the first embodiment, and therefore the material of the columns 821 is not limited to metal. Therefore, the columns 821 can be made of reinforced concrete, which improves the degree of freedom in designing the columns 821.

[0156] Furthermore, in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment, the upper end surface of the foundation body 860 is set at a position higher than the ground level GL, and the floor body 70 is arranged so as to cover the foundation body 860. In other words, the floor body 70 is arranged so that a portion of the floor body 70 surrounds the periphery of the foundation body 860. This makes it possible to easily transmit, when a horizontal force acts on the piles 40 due to an earthquake or the like, the horizontal force to the floor body 70 via the side surface 60a of the foundation body 860. As a result, when a horizontal force acts on the foundation body 860 due to an earthquake or the like, the story deformation angle of the building 810 can be reduced.

[0157] Next, a building 910 according to the ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6(b). In the above eighth embodiment, a case was described in which the superstructure 820 of the building 810 is formed from reinforced concrete, but in the ninth embodiment, a case is described in which the superstructure 920 of the building 910 is formed from general steel beams such as metal H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes.

[0158] Fig. 6(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 910 according to the ninth embodiment. Fig. 6(b) schematically illustrates a cross section at a position corresponding to the cross section of the building 10 according to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

[0159] As shown in FIG. 6(b), the building 910 in the ninth embodiment is composed of an upper structure 920 constructed above the ground G, and a foundation 830 constructed below the upper structure 920 and supporting the upper structure 920.

[0160] The superstructure 920 is formed by combining columns 21, beams 22, and metal connection plates 926 connected to the lower ends of the columns 21.

[0161] The connection plate 926 is a metal plate for connecting the column 21 to the foundation body 860 of the foundation 830, and is connected to the column 21 by welding along the lower end surface of the column 21. In addition, a plurality of reinforcing bars are connected to the lower surface of the connection plate 926 on the side facing the foundation body 860 by welding, and the reinforcing bars are embedded in the concrete of the foundation body 860 (the reinforcing bars are placed in the concrete of the foundation body 860 when ready-mixed concrete is poured in the area where the foundation body 860 is to be placed). In this way, the lower end of the column 21 is connected to the foundation body 860 via the connection plate 926.

[0162] The slab 70 in the ninth embodiment is disposed so as to cover the upper end surfaces of the foundation body 860 and the connecting plate 926, and similarly to the building 810 in the eighth embodiment, the connecting portion between the pillar 21 and the foundation body 860 is reinforced by the slab 70. This makes it possible to prevent the pillar 21 from collapsing due to horizontal force acting on the pillar 21.

[0163] Furthermore, in the building 910 of the ninth embodiment, the columns 21 and piles 40 are connected to a reinforced concrete foundation 860, so that the installation height of the columns 21 can be adjusted by the foundation 860 (the amount of fresh concrete poured into the installation area of ​​the foundation 860), as in the building 810 of the eighth embodiment.

[0164] The present invention has been described above based on the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above form in any way, and it can be easily inferred that various modifications and improvements are possible within the scope that does not deviate from the spirit of the present invention.

[0165] In each of the above embodiments, the case where the ground G is excavated to an area where the foundation body 60, 860 will be installed (i.e., the ground G is excavated to a shape corresponding to the space where the foundation body 60, 860 will be installed) has been described. However, it is also possible to excavate the ground G to an area sufficiently larger than the installation area where the foundation body 60, 860 will be installed, and to form a depression equivalent to the installation area of ​​the foundation body 60, 860 when backfilling the ground G. Also, in this case, when backfilling the ground G, ground improvement processing may be performed to increase the strength of the ground G. Examples of types of ground improvement include replacement, shallow mixing, deep mixing, loading, dewatering, and compaction.

[0166] In the above embodiments, the case where the external shape of the base body 60, 860 is formed into a substantially square shape when viewed from above has been described, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and the external shape of the base body 60, 860 may be formed into a circular shape when viewed from above. In this case, regardless of the direction from which a horizontal force is input to the side surface 60a of the base body 60, 860, the horizontal force can be received in the same manner.

[0167] In the above first to seventh embodiments, the case where ready-mixed concrete is poured simultaneously in the placement area of ​​the foundation body 60 and the placement area of ​​the floor body 70 has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. For example, it is also possible to place the foundation body 60 with some of the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 protruding toward the placement area of ​​the floor body 70, pour (cast) ready-mixed concrete into the placement area of ​​the foundation body 60 to place the foundation body 60, then place the reinforcing bars of the floor body 70 so that they intersect with the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 protruding toward the placement area of ​​the floor body 70, and pour (cast) ready-mixed concrete into the placement area of ​​the floor body 70 to place the floor body 70.

[0168] Similarly in this case, the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70 can be connected by the reinforcing bars of the foundation body 60 and the floor body 70, making it easier to transmit the horizontal force acting on the foundation body 60 to the floor body 70. Therefore, when a horizontal force acts on the foundation body 60, it is possible to prevent the horizontal force from acting from the foundation body 60 in a concentrated manner on some of the column bases 80.

[0169] In addition, when the foundation body 60 is laid and then the slab body 70 is laid as described above, the concrete of the foundation body 60 and the concrete of the slab body 70 may be made of different compositions.

[0170] In the above first and second embodiments, the case where the first plate 50 is formed in a circular shape with the same outer diameter as the circular pile 40 when viewed from above has been described, but the first plate 50 may be formed in a size and shape different from those of the pile 40. Note that the larger the first plate 50 is formed than the pile 40, the easier it is to connect the pile 40 and the pillar 21 via the first plate 50 when the installation position of the pillar 21 is misaligned with the axis of the pile 40.

[0171] In the above second embodiment, a case has been described in which the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 are formed from square steel pipes of the same shape and the same thickness when viewed from above, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 may be formed from members of different shapes and thicknesses. For example, the column main body 223 may be formed from a square steel pipe and the column-side connecting member 224 may be formed from a hexagonal steel pipe, so that the strength of the column-side connecting member 224 is different from that of the column main body 223.

[0172] Furthermore, by forming the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 from different materials, the strength of the column-side connecting member 224 can be made higher than the strength of the column main body 223, thereby preventing damage to the column-side connecting member 224, which is prone to a relatively large bending moment. In this case, the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 may be formed to have the same shape and thickness, or may be formed to have different shapes and thicknesses.

[0173] In addition, when the outer shapes of the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 are made different, it is preferable to dispose a solid plate material between the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224, the plate being larger in outer shape than the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224. This is because it is possible to ensure an area where the column main body 223 and the column-side connecting member 224 can be connected.

[0174] In the above second embodiment, a case has been described in which the column main body 223 side of the column-side connecting member 224 is set to a length that protrudes upward beyond the floor body 70, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and the column main body 223 side of the column-side connecting member 224 may be set to a length that does not protrude upward beyond the floor body 70, and the column main body 223 protrudes downward beyond the upper surface of the floor body 70. According to this, the connection portion between the column-side connecting member 224 and the column main body 223 can be disposed inside the floor body 70, so that force is concentrated on the welded joint between the column-side connecting member 224 and the column main body 223, and damage to the welded joint between the column-side connecting member 224 and the column main body 223 can be suppressed.

[0175] In the above third embodiment, the case where the first plate 50 is formed larger than the outer shape of the pile-side connecting member 346 when viewed from above is described, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the outer shape of the first plate 50 may be formed to be the same as the outer shape of the pile-side connecting member 346 when viewed from above.

[0176] In the above third embodiment, the first plate 50 and the pile-side connection member 346 are welded together at a factory that manufactures the first plate 50 and the pile-side connection member 346, but this is not necessarily limited to this. That is, the state in which the pile-side connection member 346 is welded together with the first plate 50 may be formed before the pile-side connection member 346 is disposed on the pile top member 43 of the pile main body 345. For example, the first plate 50 and the pile-side connection member 346 may be welded together at the construction site of the building 310 before the pile-side connection member 346 is disposed on the pile top member 43 of the pile main body 345.

[0177] In the above fourth embodiment, the case where the lower end of the pillar 21 is welded to the upper surface of the second plate 451 is described, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the first plate 50 may be welded to the lower end of the pillar 21 and the lower surface of the first plate 50 may be abutted against the upper surface of the second plate, thereby metal-to-metal joining the second plate 451 and the first plate 50.

[0178] In addition, when the first plate 50 is welded to the lower end of the column 21 and the first plate is disposed on top of the second plate 451 as described above, a metal material (e.g., pure iron or extremely soft steel) having a yield point lower than the yield points of the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 may be disposed between the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 to fill the gap formed between the second plate 451 and the first plate 50. This can increase the adhesion between the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 even if the surface roughness of the opposing surfaces of the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 is high, making it easier to transmit the axial force acting on the column 21 to the pile 440.

[0179] Also, high-strength mortar or metal powder may be inserted between the second plate 451 and the first plate 50. In this case, as in the case where a metal material with a low yield point is disposed between the second plate 451 and the first plate 50, the adhesion between the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 can be improved, and the axial force acting on the column 21 can be more easily transmitted to the pile 440.

[0180] Furthermore, when the first plate 50 is welded to the lower end of the column 21 and the first plate is disposed on top of the second plate 451, the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 may be joined by welding rather than by metal-to-metal joining, or the second plate 451 and the first plate 50 may be fastened together with bolts and nuts.

[0181] In the fourth embodiment, the second plate 451 is slot-welded to the pile 440 from above. However, the second plate 451 and the pile 440 may be joined by a different welding method. For example, the second plate 451 may be formed as a single metal plate member having a predetermined thickness, similar to the first plate 50, and after the second plate 451 is placed on the upper end of the pile 440, the abutting portion between the pile 440 and the second plate 451 may be fillet-welded. In this case, it is not necessary to form the second plate 451 from the inner member 451a and the outer member 451b, which simplifies the manufacture of the second plate 451.

[0182] In the above fifth embodiment, the case where the rubber-like elastic member 581 is disposed around the column base 80 has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. For example, in order to prevent corrosion of the column base 80 due to moisture, a rubber-based or tar-epoxy-based paint may be applied to the periphery of the column base 80. In this case, it is preferable to use a paint having an elongation rate of 1% or more, because if the elongation rate of the paint is set to 1% or more, peeling of the paint can be prevented even when the column 21 or the pile 40 is deformed due to an earthquake or the like.

[0183] In the sixth embodiment, the side surface 660a is formed in a shape that moves from the bottom to the top and away from the column base 80 in the horizontal direction, but this is not necessarily limited to this. The side surface 660a may also be formed in a shape that moves from the top to the bottom and away from the column base 80 in the horizontal direction. In this case as well, when a horizontal force acts on the foundation body 60 due to an earthquake or the like, the horizontal force acting on the column base 80 can be reduced. As a result, when a horizontal force due to an earthquake or the like acts on the building 610, damage to the piles 40 and the columns 21 can be suppressed.

[0184] In the above eighth embodiment, a case has been described in which the superstructure 820, which is composed of the columns 821 and the beams 822, and the foundation body 860 are constructed separately, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and the superstructure 820 and the foundation body 860 may be constructed as a single unit. For example, the superstructure 820 and the foundation body 860 may be constructed as a single unit by simultaneously pouring ready-mixed concrete into the areas where the superstructure 820 and the foundation body 860 are to be disposed.

[0185] In the above eighth and ninth embodiments, the case where the upper end surface of the foundation body 860 is set at a position higher than the ground surface GL is described, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and it may be set at the same height as the ground surface GL or at a position lower than the ground surface GL.

[0186] In the above eighth and ninth embodiments, we have described cases where a prefabricated pile 40 is connected directly to the foundation body 860, but this is not necessarily limited to this.For example, like the pile 340 in the third embodiment, it may be provided with a pile main body 345 and a pile-side connecting member 346, and the pile-side connecting member 346 may be connected to the foundation body 860.

[0187] In the above eighth and ninth embodiments, the case where the upper end surface of the foundation body 860 is set lower than the upper end surface of the earthen floor body 70, i.e., the case where the upper end surface of the foundation body 860 is covered by the earthen floor body 70, has been described, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the upper end surface of the foundation body 860 may be set to be at the same height as the upper end surface of the earthen floor body 70 or higher than the upper end surface of the earthen floor body 70, and the earthen floor body 70 may be connected to the side surface 60a of the foundation body 860.

[0188] In the above ninth embodiment, a case where the column 21 is connected to the connection plate 926 is described, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, like the column 221 in the above second embodiment, it may be provided with a column main body 223 and a column side connection member 224, and the column side connection member 224 may be connected to the connection plate 926.

[0189] In the above ninth embodiment, a case has been described in which reinforcing bars welded to the underside of the connection plate 926 are embedded in the foundation body 860 to connect the column 21 and the foundation body 860, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the connection plate 926 may be fastened and fixed to anchor bolts driven into the upper surface of the foundation body 860. [Explanation of symbols]

[0190] 10,210,310,410,510,610,710,810,910 Buildings 20,220,820,920 Superstructure 21,221,821 pillars 223 Pillar body 224 Column side connection member 30,330,430,730,830 Foundation (substructure) 40,340,440,740 pile 345 Pile body 346 Pile side connecting member 50 First plate (solid steel) 451 Second plate (solid steel) 60,860 Basic body 60a,660a side 70 Earthen Floor 80,280,380,480 Column base 581 Elastic Members G Ground GL ground surface

Claims

1. A building comprising a plurality of columns formed from metal material as an upper structure of the building, and a plurality of piles formed from metal material as a lower structure of the building provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of columns and buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, wherein the plurality of columns and piles are independent of each other in the ground, The system comprises a solid steel member formed from a metal material to which the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the pillars are connected, a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a portion of the upper end side of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface to connect a plurality of the foundation bodies together, A building characterized in that the solid steel material is formed to have the same outer shape as the pile in the direction of connection with the pile, and is welded to the pile with the side of the pile and the side of the solid steel material aligned.

2. A building comprising a superstructure of a building, a plurality of columns formed from a metal material, and a substructure of the building provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of columns, at least a portion of which is formed from a metal material and which is buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, wherein the plurality of columns and piles are independent of each other in the ground, The system comprises a solid steel member formed from a metal material to which the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the pillars are connected, a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a portion of the upper end side of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface to connect a plurality of the foundation bodies together, The pile includes a pile main body formed from a metal material and disposed on the lower side of the pile, and a pile-side connecting member formed from a metal material and disposed on the upper side of the pile and connected to the pile main body, A building characterized in that the pile-side connecting member is set to a length such that the pile main body side protrudes downward beyond the foundation body.

3. The building described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foundation body is arranged around a column base consisting of a portion of the upper end of the pile, the solid steel material, and a portion of the lower end of the column.

4. A building as described in Claim 3, characterized in that an elastic member formed from an elastic material is interposed between the column base and the foundation body and the earthen floor body.

5. A building comprising a plurality of columns forming the superstructure of the building, and piles that are installed at the bottom of each of the plurality of columns as the substructure of the building and are disposed to a predetermined depth in the ground, wherein the plurality of columns and piles are independent of each other in the ground, The system comprises a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a portion of the upper end side of the pile, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface and connecting a plurality of the foundation bodies, and the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the columns are connected to the foundation body, The pile includes a pile main body formed from a metal material and disposed on the lower side of the pile, and a pile-side connecting member formed from a metal material and disposed on the upper side of the pile and connected to the pile main body, A building characterized in that the pile-side connecting member is set to a length such that the pile main body side protrudes downward beyond the foundation body.

6. 6. A building according to claim 5, wherein at least a portion of the earthen floor body is arranged around a portion of the lower end side of the pillar.

7. The column includes a column body formed from a metal material and disposed on the upper side of the column, and a column-side connecting member formed from a metal material and disposed on the lower side of the column and connected to the column body, 7. A building according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the column-side connecting member is set to a length such that the column body side protrudes upward beyond the earthen floor body.

8. A building as described in claim 2 or 5, characterized in that the pile-side connecting member is formed with the same outer shape as the pile body in the connection direction with the pile body, and is welded and joined with the side of the pile body and the side of the pile-side connecting member aligned.

9. A building as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer side of the foundation body is formed to be inclined from top to bottom in a direction approaching or moving away from the axis of the pile.

10. A building comprising a superstructure of a building, a plurality of columns formed from a metal material, and a substructure of the building provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of columns, at least a portion of which is formed from a metal material and which is buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, wherein the plurality of columns and piles are independent of each other in the ground, The system comprises a solid steel member formed from a metal material to which the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the pillars are connected, a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a portion of the upper end side of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface to connect a plurality of the foundation bodies together, A construction method for constructing a building, wherein the pillar comprises a pillar body disposed on an upper side of the pillar and a pillar-side connecting member disposed on a lower side of the pillar and connected to the pillar body, A first connection step of connecting the solid steel material to the upper end of the pile buried to a predetermined depth in the ground; A first change process of changing the overall length of the column-side connection member to a predetermined length in accordance with the connection position of the solid steel material to the pile; a second connecting step of connecting the column-side connecting member, the length of which has been changed to a predetermined length, to the column main body, and then connecting the column-side connecting member to the solid steel material; A construction method characterized in that the foundation body and the floor body are arranged so that the reinforcing bars of the foundation body and the floor body are connected at least in part, and the concrete of the foundation body and the floor body is poured simultaneously.

11. A building comprising a superstructure of a building, a plurality of columns formed from a metal material, and a substructure of the building provided at the bottom of each of the plurality of columns, at least a portion of which is formed from a metal material and which is buried to a predetermined depth in the ground, wherein the plurality of columns and piles are independent of each other in the ground, The system comprises a solid steel member formed from a metal material to which the upper ends of the piles and the lower ends of the pillars are connected, a reinforced concrete foundation body arranged around at least a portion of the upper end side of the piles, and a reinforced concrete slab body arranged along the ground surface to connect a plurality of the foundation bodies together, The pile is a construction method for constructing a building comprising a pile main body disposed on the lower side of the pile and a pile-side connecting member disposed on the upper side of the pile and connected to the pile main body, An embedding step of embedding the pile body to a predetermined depth in the ground; A third connection step of connecting the pile-side connection member to the solid steel material; A second change process in which the overall length of the pile-side connection member connected to the solid steel material is changed to a predetermined length according to the embedded position of the pile body; and a fourth connection step of connecting the pile-side connection member, the length of which has been changed to a predetermined length, to the pile main body. A construction method characterized in that the foundation body and the floor body are arranged so that the reinforcing bars of the foundation body and the floor body are connected at least in part, and the concrete of the foundation body and the floor body is poured simultaneously.

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