Temporary equipment for installing invert blocks

Abstract

To provide a temporary facility for arranging invert blocks so that they can be efficiently and continuously arranged in horizontal and vertical directions in one side area without affecting the passage of vehicles in the other side area.SOLUTION: A hoisting machine 74 for hanging blocks is installed in a space 73 behind a laying start edge 72b of a laying area 72 in a work yard 71 of one side area 55A of a road tunnel. A hoisting machine 76 for installing blocks is installed in a space 75 on the side of a laying end edge 72c in the laying area 72. A block transportation conveyor device 77 is arranged on the upper surfaces of PCa concrete blocks 20 that are installed sequentially in the laying area 72, and extends from the laying start edge 72b to a portion adjacent to the hoisting machine 76 for installing blocks in an extendable way.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to temporary equipment for installing invert blocks, and in particular to temporary equipment for installing invert blocks that is used when laying out and installing invert blocks in one side area of ​​a multi-lane road tunnel while allowing vehicles to pass in the other side area. [Background technology]

[0002] Multi-lane mountain road tunnels are tunnels formed by excavating free-standing, relatively stable ground, such as bedrock. The excavated interior walls are covered with primary and secondary linings made of concrete or mortar. Specifically, after the tunnel is excavated using, for example, blasting, a protective layer is formed on the interior walls of the mountain tunnel, preferably by spraying mortar or concrete. Then, a known tunnel lining formwork is installed inside the protective layer formed by the primary lining, and a concrete lining of a predetermined thickness is formed as a secondary lining from the side walls to the arch-shaped upper portion of the tunnel. Furthermore, a bottom invert lining of a predetermined thickness is integrally formed in the transverse direction of the tunnel between the lower end supports of the pair of side walls of the previously formed lining extending from both side walls to the arch-shaped upper portion of the tunnel, thereby continuously covering the entire interior wall of the mountain tunnel with a secondary lining.

[0003] Furthermore, because mountain tunnels are formed by excavating relatively stable ground, some tunnels constructed more than several decades ago, for example, omit the invert lining and form a secondary lining only in the area from the tunnel's side wall to the upper arch-shaped part. For such mountain tunnels that omit the invert lining, it is being considered to form a new invert lining to prevent future effects such as swelling of the base of the tunnel.

[0004] Furthermore, when forming a new invert lining for an existing mountain tunnel that was constructed several decades ago, for example, it is desirable to be able to carry out construction work in one side area while ensuring passage in the other side area without completely blocking traffic through the tunnel.Therefore, a technology has been disclosed that allows the invert lining for a mountain tunnel to be constructed in each side area in the transverse direction of the tunnel (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-145390 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the method of forming an invert in a mountain tunnel described in Patent Document 1, the work of installing multiple blocks that form the invert lining in one side area requires a lot of effort, so the applicant of the present application, for example in Patent Application No. 2023-058334, discloses a technology that uses hexahedral blocks with curved upper and lower surfaces that follow the curved cross-sectional shape of the invert lining as the multiple blocks, allowing these multiple blocks to be efficiently installed in a continuous array vertically and horizontally, and that integrates these multiple blocks by filling the gaps between adjacent blocks with a filling solidification material and allowing it to harden, thereby efficiently forming an invert structure that forms the invert lining in each side area of ​​a mountain tunnel road tunnel.

[0007] On the other hand, when attempting to form an invert structure that constitutes an invert lining using multiple hexahedral blocks in one transverse side area of ​​a multi-lane road tunnel while ensuring passage in the other side area, the work yard set up in one side area will be a narrow work yard, and in order to be able to carry out construction efficiently without affecting passage in the other side area, further improvements will be needed, particularly in terms of the placement of heavy machinery used to lay the hexahedral blocks vertically and horizontally, and the means of transporting the blocks.

[0008] The present invention aims to provide temporary equipment for installing invert blocks that enables a plurality of hexahedral precast concrete blocks (PCa concrete blocks) that form an invert structure to be efficiently arranged in a row vertically and horizontally in a narrow work yard set up in one transverse side area of ​​a multi-lane road tunnel without affecting vehicle traffic in the other side area, and that enables the efficient construction of an invert structure that is an integrated unit of these PCa concrete blocks arranged in a row vertically and horizontally. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present invention is a temporary facility for installing invert blocks, which is used in a process of laying and installing a plurality of invert blocks made of PCa concrete blocks that constitute an invert section lining in a work yard set up in one transverse side area of ​​a multi-lane road tunnel, while allowing vehicle passage in the other side area. The PCa concrete blocks are formed as hexahedral blocks with curved upper and lower surfaces so as to have a curved shape that follows the cross-sectional shape of the invert section lining, and are installed in the invert section by being arranged adjacent to each other in the transverse direction of the tunnel with a gap maintained between adjacent PCa concrete blocks, and are also installed in the invert section by being arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the tunnel with a gap maintained between adjacent PCa concrete blocks. In the work yard in the one-side area, the PCa concrete blocks are laid out. and a block lifting lifting machine is movably installed in a space in the laying area rearward of the laying starting point in the laying direction, with the base of the laying area having been leveled, and a block installation lifting machine is movably installed in a space in the laying area forward of the laying starting point in the laying direction toward the laying end, and a block transport conveyor device is provided on the top surfaces of the PCa concrete blocks that are sequentially laid in the laying area from the laying starting point toward the forward laying end, and extends from the laying starting point to an area within the working radius of the block installation lifting machine, and the block transport conveyor device is arranged so that it can be added in the laying direction as the PCa concrete blocks are sequentially laid in the laying direction from the laying starting point toward the laying end.This achieves the above-mentioned object by providing temporary equipment for installing invert blocks in a road tunnel.

[0010] Furthermore, it is preferable that the temporary equipment for installing the invert blocks of the present invention is arranged in the work yard in the one-side area so that the block lifting lifting machine and the block installation lifting machine can rotate only within an angle range that faces each other with their driver's seats facing each other.

[0011] In addition, when installing the invert block of the present invention, it is preferable that the angle range in which the driver's seats are opposed is an angle range in which the driver's seats can rotate to the left or right within 60 degrees from a state in which they face each other directly ahead.

[0012] Furthermore, in the temporary equipment for installing invert blocks of the present invention, in the work yard of the one-side area, in the space rearward in the laying direction of the laying starting end of the laying area, an auxiliary block lifting lifting machine is movably installed at a distance from the block lifting lifting machine, and it is preferable that an auxiliary block transport conveyor device is arranged extending from the area within the working radius of the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine to the area within the working radius of the block lifting lifting machine.

[0013] Furthermore, it is preferable that the temporary equipment for installing the invert blocks of the present invention is arranged in the work yard in the one-side area so that the block lifting lifting machine and the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine can rotate only within the angle range in which the driver's seat is turned away.

[0014] In addition, it is preferable that the temporary equipment for installing the invert blocks of the present invention is configured so that in the work yard in the one-side area, a transport vehicle loaded with the PCa concrete blocks moves in the laying direction with its loading platform facing forward in the laying direction in the space behind the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine in the laying direction.

[0015] Furthermore, in the temporary equipment for installing invert blocks of the present invention, it is preferable that the block lifting lifting machine is a crawler crane and the block installation lifting machine is a backhoe.

[0016] Furthermore, in the temporary equipment for installing invert blocks of the present invention, it is preferable that the block transport conveyor device is a roller conveyor, and the PCa concrete blocks are transported in the extension direction while placed on these roller conveyors. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the temporary equipment for installing invert blocks of the present invention, in a narrow work yard set up in one transverse side area of ​​a multi-lane road tunnel, multiple hexahedral PCa concrete blocks that form the invert structure can be efficiently installed in a row and column arrangement without affecting vehicle traffic in the other side area, and the invert structure, which is made up of these PCa concrete blocks arranged in a row and column arrangement, can be efficiently constructed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are a schematic vertical cross-sectional view and a schematic plan view, respectively, illustrating a temporary installation for installing invert blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a mountain tunnel in which invert section structures are formed on both sides of the invert section in the transverse direction of the tunnel using temporary equipment during the installation of invert blocks in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic top view of Figure 1 viewed from the AA direction, illustrating the state in which the invert section structure is formed on both sides over the entire area of ​​the invert section in the transverse direction of the tunnel. [Figure 4] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mountain tunnel that explains the state in which PCa concrete blocks are laid in one side area while allowing vehicle passage in the other side area. [Figure 5] 1 is a plan view of a main part illustrating temporary equipment when installing an invert block according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 6]FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part illustrating a temporary installation when an invert block is installed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] This is a schematic top view of an invert structure provided in one side region in the transverse direction of the tunnel. [Figure 8] 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along CC in FIG. 7 before the filling solidification material is filled. FIG. [Figure 9] This is an oblique view of the PCa concrete blocks that make up the invert structure. [Figure 10] (a) is a top view of the PCa concrete blocks that make up the invert structure, (b) is a transverse side view of (a) seen from the right side, and (c) is an axial side view of (a) seen from the front side. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a PCa concrete block taken along a portion where a bolt insertion hole is formed, illustrating the bolt insertion hole. FIG. [Figure 12] This is a simplified cross-sectional view illustrating the state in which filling solidification material has been filled into the gaps between the receiving base, the gaps between adjacent PCa concrete blocks, and the gaps below the bottom surface of the hexahedron shape. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a PCa concrete block taken along the portion where a filler injection hole is formed, illustrating the filler injection hole and the opening / closing valve. FIG. [Figure 14] This is a schematic top view of the invert structure explaining the injection status of the filling solidification material. [Figure 15] This is an explanatory diagram of the unevenness formed on the surface of the center side of the PCa concrete block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The temporary equipment 70 for installing invert blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 1(a) and (b) is used as temporary equipment for efficiently laying out and lining up multiple hexahedral PCa concrete blocks 20 that form the invert structure 10 in a vertical and horizontal manner when forming a new invert structure 32 on the bottom 30a of an existing mountain tunnel 30 shown in Figure 2, in continuation with the lining 31 in the area from both side wall portions 31a to the upper arch-shaped portion 31b, which has been formed in advance to cover the inner wall surface of the tunnel, on the left and right sides of the tunnel's transverse center line C.

[0020] In this embodiment, the mountain tunnel 30 is a tunnel that was constructed, for example, several decades ago, and the ground to be excavated was stable, so at the time of construction, the lining 31 covering the inner wall surface of the tunnel was formed only from the side wall portions 31a on both sides to the upper arch-shaped portion 31b.However, as time passed, concerns arose about the effects of swelling of the base portion 30a, etc., so a new invert lining 32 was formed using invert structures 10 on both the left and right sides, as shown in Figure 3.

[0021] Furthermore, when forming a new invert lining 32 in an existing mountain tunnel 30, it is desirable to be able to carry out construction work while ensuring access to the passageway without completely blocking traffic through the tunnel. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4, the steps of forming the invert structure 10 are carried out in one side region 55A of the tunnel while ensuring access to the passageway 60 in the other side region 55B in the transverse direction of the tunnel. The temporary invert block installation equipment 70 of this embodiment is provided as equipment for efficiently arranging and lining up the invert structure 10 constituting the invert lining 32 by integrating multiple hexahedral PCa concrete blocks 20 in one side region 55A of the multi-lane road tunnel 30, without affecting vehicle traffic in the other side region 55B.

[0022] 1(a) and 1(b), the temporary facility 70 for installing invert blocks of this embodiment is a temporary facility employed in a process of installing a plurality of invert blocks made of PCa concrete blocks 20 constituting the invert section lining body 32 in a row and column on the invert section 33 in a work yard 71 set up in one side area 55A in the transverse direction of a road tunnel 30 that is a mountain tunnel with multiple lanes, while allowing vehicles to pass through the other side area 55B. The PCa concrete blocks 20 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the invert section 33, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 10(a) to 10(b). As shown in c), the blocks are formed as hexahedral blocks having curved upper and lower surfaces 20a and 20b so as to have a curved shape that follows the cross-sectional shape of the invert section covering body 32, and are arranged in series in the transverse direction of the tunnel, maintaining a gap 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20, and are installed in the invert section 33.The blocks are also arranged in series in the axial direction of the tunnel, maintaining a gap 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20, and are installed in the invert section 33. As also shown in Figures 5 and 6, in the work yard 71 of one side area 55A, when the base 72a of the laying area 72 where the PCa concrete blocks 20 are laid has been leveled, a block lifting crane 74 is movably installed in a space 73 behind the laying starting end 72b of the laying area 72 in the laying direction X, and a block installation crane 76 is movably installed in a space 75 in the laying area 72 on the side of the laying ending end 72c, which is forward of the laying starting end 72b in the laying direction X. The installation area 72 is also provided with a block transport conveyor device 77 which is disposed on the upper surface of the PCa concrete blocks 20 which are successively installed in the installation area 72 from the laying start end 72b toward the front laying end 72c, and which extends from the laying start end 72b to an area within the working radius of the block installation crane 76, and this block transport conveyor device 77 is installed so that it can be added in the laying direction X as the PCa concrete blocks 20 are successively installed in the laying direction X from the laying start end 72b toward the laying end 72c.

[0023] In this embodiment, the block lifting lifting machine 74 and the block installation lifting machine 76 are preferably arranged in the work yard 71 of one side area 55A so as to rotate only within an angular range that causes the driver's seats to face each other. Preferably, the angular range that causes the driver's seats to face each other is an angular range in which the driver's seats can rotate left and right within 60 degrees from a state in which the driver's seats face each other directly ahead.

[0024] Furthermore, in the temporary equipment 70 for installing invert blocks in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1(a) and (b), preferably in the work yard 71 of one side area 55A, in a space 73 rearward of the laying starting end 72b of the laying area 72 in the laying direction X, an auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78 is movably installed, spaced further rearward of the block lifting lifting machine 74, and an auxiliary block transport conveyor device 79 is arranged extending from the area within the working radius of this auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78 to the area within the working radius of the block lifting lifting machine 74.

[0025] Furthermore, in this embodiment, preferably in the work yard 71 of one side region 55A, the block lifting crane 74 and the auxiliary block lifting crane 78 are arranged so as to rotate only within the angle range in which the driver's seat is turned away. Also preferably in the work yard 71 of one side region 55A, a truck, which is a transport vehicle 80 loaded with PCa concrete blocks 20, moves in the laying direction X with its loading platform facing forward in the laying direction X in the space behind the auxiliary block lifting crane 78 in the laying direction X.

[0026] In this embodiment, the invert section structure 10 formed in one side region 55A and the other side region 55B is formed by arranging a plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20 in a row in the transverse direction of the tunnel and installing them in the invert section 33, with gaps 21a and 21b maintained between the blocks and the receiving base 31c at the lower end of the adjacent side wall lining body 31a and between the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, and also by arranging a plurality of PCa concrete blocks in a row in the axial direction of the tunnel and installing them in the invert section 33, with gaps 21b maintained between the blocks and the receiving base 31c and between the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20, and by filling the gaps 21a between the blocks and the receiving base 31c and the gaps 21b between the blocks and the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20 with a filling solidification material 22 and allowing it to harden (see Figure 11), thereby forming a block group 20X, 10Y integrated via the hardened filling solidification material 22.

[0027] That is, in this embodiment, the invert section structure 10 is provided in at least one side region of the invert section 33 of a mountain tunnel 30 in the tunnel transverse direction, and is a structure of the invert section 33 using PCa concrete blocks 20 that constitutes the invert section lining 32. As shown in Figures 9 and 10(a) to (c), the PCa concrete blocks 20 are each formed as a hexahedral block having a curved upper surface 20a and a lower surface 20b so as to have a curved shape that follows the cross-sectional shape of the invert section lining 32. These multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 are arranged in series in the transverse direction of the tunnel and installed in the invert section 33, with gaps 21a and 21b maintained between the receiving base portions 31c at the lower ends of adjacent side wall linings 31a and between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20. Also, in the axial direction of the tunnel, they are arranged in series and installed in the invert section 33, with gaps 21b maintained between adjacent PCa concrete blocks. As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 12, these multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 arranged in a row and column are integrated together through filling solidification material 22 that has been filled and hardened in the gaps 21a between adjacent support portions 31c, the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20, and the gaps 21c below the hexahedral lower surface portion that communicates with these gaps 21a and 21b, and forms one side portion of the invert section covering body 32 as at least a part of the invert section covering body 32.

[0028] In this embodiment, the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 are preferably formed to have similar hexahedral shapes with the same width x in the transverse direction of the tunnel, the same vertical width y in the axial direction of the tunnel, and the same height z (see FIGS. 9 and 10(a)-(c)). The multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 are arranged in a row and column, and are installed in the invert section 33 (see FIGS. 3 and 7). The gaps 21a between adjacent receiving sections 31c and the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks are preferably arranged in a linear, continuous pattern. The gaps 21a between adjacent receiving sections 31c and the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks are preferably arranged in a linear, continuous pattern. The gaps 21a between adjacent receiving sections 31c and the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks are preferably arranged in a linear, continuous pattern. The gaps 21a between adjacent receiving sections 31c and the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks are preferably arranged in a linear, continuous pattern.

[0029] In this embodiment, the PCa concrete blocks 20 constituting the invert structure 10 are arranged in series in the transverse direction of the tunnel, with gaps 21a, 21b filled with the filling solidification material 22 between the receiving bases 31c at the lower ends of adjacent side wall linings 31a and between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20, as described above. The PCa concrete blocks 20 are also arranged in series in the axial direction of the tunnel, with gaps 21b filled with the filling solidification material 22 between adjacent PCa concrete blocks, and are installed in the invert section 33 in a row. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10(a)-(c), the PCa concrete blocks 20 are formed as hexahedral blocks having curved upper and lower surfaces 20a, 20b that are curved along the cross-sectional shape of the invert section lining 32, and having a pair of flat axially opposing surfaces 20c at the front and rear and a pair of flat laterally opposing surfaces 20d at the left and right. The upper surface portion 20a and the lower surface portion 20b in cross section can be gently curved with a radius of curvature of, for example, about 14,000 mm to 145,000 mm.

[0030] Furthermore, bolt boxes 23 or female screw anchors 24 are embedded and fixed to the four sides of the hexahedral top surface of each of these PCa concrete blocks 20 to connect adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20 using bolt members (not shown). The bolt boxes 23 open to the top surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20, and the female screw anchors 24 open to the upper end of the axially opposing surface 20c or the transversely opposing surface 20d of the side surface. As shown in FIG. 11, the PCa concrete block 20 has three bolt insertion holes 25 that penetrate the hexahedral shape in the vertical direction, located at each corner of an isosceles triangle (see FIG. 10(a)). A female screw member 25a, into which a height adjustment bolt 26 is screwed, is fixed to each bolt insertion hole 25 below the vertical middle. A large trumpet-shaped recess 25b is formed from the portion where the female screw member 25a of each bolt insertion hole 25 is fixed, expanding in diameter upward and opening onto the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20, and a small trumpet-shaped recess 25c is formed from the portion where the female screw member 25a is fixed, expanding in diameter downward and opening onto the lower surface 20b of the PCa concrete block 20. Height adjustment bolts 26 are inserted into these bolt insertion holes 25 and screwed into the female screw members 25a, so that the height adjustment bolts 26 are attached with their lower ends 26a protruding movably from the lower surface 20b of the PCa concrete block 20. Furthermore, since the large trumpet-shaped recess 25b and the small trumpet-shaped recess 25c have a trumpet shape that tapers toward the upper and lower openings, the box punching members attached to the box formwork for concrete pouring to form these trumpet-shaped recesses 25b, 25c can be smoothly removed after the concrete has hardened. From this perspective, it is preferable that the taper gradient of the large trumpet-shaped recess 25b and the small trumpet-shaped recess 25c, which have a tapered trumpet shape that tapers toward the upper and lower openings, be 10% or more inclined with respect to the central axis of the bolt insertion and threaded hole 25.

[0031] As shown in Figure 10(a), the three bolt insertion and screw holes 25 are formed on the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20, preferably at each corner of an imaginary isosceles triangle (see dotted line) with the base positioned parallel to one axially opposing surface 20c and the apex positioned on the other axially opposing surface 20c.

[0032] In this embodiment, it is preferable that the center of gravity of the PCa concrete block 20 be located inside the imaginary isosceles triangle when viewed from the top side of the PCa concrete block 20, and it is particularly preferable that the center of gravity of the PCa concrete block 20 be located at the centroid of the imaginary isosceles triangle. This makes it possible to adjust the height and inclination of the PCa concrete block 20 with the three height adjustment bolts 26 in a more stable and accurate manner, and also makes it possible to support the PCa concrete block 20, whose height and inclination have been accurately adjusted, in a more stable manner by the three height adjustment bolts 26.

[0033] Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, some of these PCa concrete blocks 20, specifically PCa concrete blocks 20', have filler injection holes 27 that penetrate the hexahedron in the vertical direction. A female screw member 27a is fixed to the vertical middle of each filler injection hole 27, and the male screw portion of an opening / closing valve member 28 is threadedly engaged therein. An upper horn-shaped recess 27b is formed, which expands in diameter upward from the portion where the female screw member 27a of each filler injection hole 27 is fixed and opens onto the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20'. Also, a lower horn-shaped recess 27c is formed, which expands in diameter downward from the portion where the female screw member 27a is fixed and opens onto the lower surface 20b of the PCa concrete block 20'. The male threads of the valve member 28 are threaded into the female threads 27a of the filler injection holes 27, and the handle 28a is positioned above the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20'. The valve member 28 is removably attached to the PCa concrete block 20' while the handle 28a can be opened and closed by working on the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20'. Furthermore, the upper and lower trumpet-shaped recesses 27b and 27c have a trumpet shape that tapers toward the upper and lower openings. This allows the box punching tool attached to the box-shaped formwork for concrete pouring to form the trumpet-shaped recesses 27b and 27c to be easily removed after the concrete has hardened. From this perspective, the taper gradient of the trumpet-shaped recesses 27b and 27c is preferably at least 10% with respect to the central axis of the filler injection hole 27.

[0034] In this embodiment, the filler injection holes 27 that penetrate the hexahedral PCa concrete block 20' in the vertical direction can be preferably formed by being disposed in the center of the top surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20' (see FIG. 10(a)). In particular, it is preferable that the filler injection holes 27 are formed by being disposed in the center of the center-side block 20B that is located at the lowest position.

[0035] In this embodiment, spacer jigs 29a, 29b can be attached to each of the pair of flat axially opposing surfaces 20c and the pair of flat transversely opposing surfaces 20d, preferably of a hexahedral shape, of the PCa concrete blocks 20 (20'), in order to maintain a predetermined gap 21b between the opposing surfaces 20c, 20d (see Figures 9, 10(b), and (c)). Preferably, a plurality of lifting jigs 29c are embedded and fixed in the hexahedral upper surface 20a to be used when lifting each PCa concrete block 20 (see Figures 9 and 10(a)).

[0036] In this embodiment, the PCa concrete blocks 20 are formed by pouring concrete into a box-shaped formwork assembled in a factory to conform to the predetermined hexahedral shape, allowing it to harden, and then demolding after a predetermined curing period. The resulting blocks are then formed into a hexahedral shape with a curved upper surface 20a and lower surface 20b, preferably measuring approximately 1385-1435 mm in width x, approximately 730 mm in length y, and approximately 500 mm in height z, and weighing approximately 1300 kg. For example, by placing and supporting reinforcement bars inside the box-shaped formwork, the bolt boxes 23, female thread anchors 24, and box-punching members for the bolt insertion and threaded holes 25 and filler injection holes 27 can be attached and embedded in the PCa concrete block 20 or temporarily fixed thereto. In this embodiment, the size, shape, weight, etc. of the PCa concrete blocks 20 used as invert blocks can be designed appropriately according to the capacity of a lifting machine or the like that can be used in the work yard 71 of one side area 55A without affecting the traffic of vehicles in the other side area 55B. For example, the weight of the PCa concrete blocks 20 can preferably be set to 1000 to 1500 kg.

[0037] In this embodiment, the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 are formed to have similar hexahedral shapes, which allows for efficient production by limiting the type of box-shaped formwork used, and because the blocks are of similar weight, workability during lifting and transportation is improved. Furthermore, since the blocks can be handled in the same way when lifting or installing them in the work yard 71 of one side area 55A, it is easy to precisely install each PCa concrete block 20 in a predetermined position, for example, by arranging them like potatoes. This also makes it possible to reduce manufacturing costs.

[0038] In this embodiment, as described above, the invert structure 10 is constructed in each of the half regions 55A, 55B, with the regions on either side of the center in the transverse direction of the tunnel being treated as a pair of half regions (see FIGS. 2 and 3). As described above, in the center of the transverse direction of the tunnel in the invert section 33, a plurality of H-shaped steel beams 35 supporting retaining plate members 57 for preventing the passageway 60 in the other half region 55B from being affected when the invert structure 10 is constructed in each of the half regions 55A, 55B can be erected by driving the H-shaped steel beams 35 into the ground of the invert section 33 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the tunnel with the flange portions 35a aligned in the axial direction of the tunnel. For this reason, at the position where these H-shaped steels 35 are to be erected, notched recesses 20e with a rectangular cross section can be formed in the corners on both sides of the gap 21b between the pair of PCa concrete blocks (central blocks) 20B that are adjacent in the axial direction of the tunnel at the central side in the transverse direction of the tunnel at the end portions on the central side of the pair of PCa concrete blocks (central blocks) 20B (see FIG. 8). By using these notched recesses 20e in the corners on both sides, a flange arrangement recess 10a for arranging one flange of the H-shaped steel 35 can be formed in the part where the H-shaped steel 35 is to be erected, on the end face (central end face) 10B on the central side in the transverse direction of the tunnel of each invert structure 10.

[0039] That is, in the block groups 20X, 20Y (see FIG. 2) made up of the plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20 constituting the invert structure 10 of each of the one side regions 55A, 55B, the PCa concrete block 20 (center side block 20B) arranged in the portion where the H-shaped steel 35 is erected has a curved upper surface portion 20a and a lower surface portion 20b having a curved shape that follows the cross-sectional shape of the invert lining body 32, and has a pair of flat axially opposing surfaces 20a, 20b in the front and rear. 7, a notched recess 20e having a rectangular cross section is cut out at a corner between one of the axially opposing faces 20c and the laterally opposing faces 20d, and the notched recess 20e is provided continuously from the upper surface 20a to the lower surface 20b. As a result, at the central ends of the pair of center-side blocks 20B adjacent in the axial direction of the tunnel where the H-shaped steel 35 is installed, these notched recesses 20e form flange mounting recesses 10a that can accommodate the flanges of the H-shaped steel 35.

[0040] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 that make up the invert section structure 10 have multiple transverse block rows 20D that include a base side block 20A arranged adjacent to the base portion 31c at the lower end of the side wall lining body 31a, a central side block 20B arranged on the transverse central side of the invert section, and one or more intermediate blocks 20C (in this embodiment, one intermediate block 20C) arranged between them. These PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C are arranged in a row in the transverse direction of the tunnel, with gaps 21a, 21b maintained between adjacent base portions 31c and between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, and also in the axial direction of the tunnel, with gaps 21b maintained between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C (transverse block rows 20D), and are installed in the invert section 33 lined up vertically and horizontally. The plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C used when constructing the invert structure 10 can be constructed by the following method of installing PCa blocks in the invert.

[0041] That is, in this embodiment, the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C of each transverse block row 20D arranged in the transverse direction of the tunnel are installed in the invert section 33 by installing the receiving base side block 20A adjacent to the receiving base section 31c and temporarily fixing it using temporary fixing means 36, as shown in Figure 8, and then installing the intermediate block 20C and the central side block 20B adjacent to the temporarily fixed receiving base side block 20A.

[0042] For example, the base side block 20A is installed adjacent to the base portion 31c and temporarily fixed using temporary fixing means 36, then the intermediate block 20C is installed adjacent to the temporarily fixed base side block 20A, and at the adjacent point between the installed intermediate block 20C and the base side block 20A, they are temporarily fixed using bolt members (not shown) via a bolt box 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a of at least one of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20C that is close to the transverse opposing surface 20d, and the height and position of each PCa concrete block 20A, 20C are then adjusted, and the bolt members are then fully tightened. Next, a central side block 20B is installed adjacent to the intermediate block 20C, and at the adjacent location between the installed central side block 20B and the intermediate block 20C, they are temporarily fixed with bolt members via a bolt box 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a of at least one of the PCa concrete blocks 20C, 20B that is close to the transverse opposing surface 20d.After adjusting the height and position of the central side block 20B, the bolt members are finally tightened, thereby installing the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C of each transverse block row 20D that are connected in the transverse direction of the tunnel in the invert section 33.

[0043] In this embodiment, the temporary fixing means 36 for temporarily fixing the pedestal-side block 20A adjacent to the pedestal 31c preferably comprises a cable 36b such as a wire or chain, both ends of which are secured to a locking member attached to a hole-in anchor 36a embedded in the pedestal 31c and to a locking member attached to a bolt box 23 or a lifting jig 29c provided on the pedestal-side block 20A. The cable 36b such as a wire or chain may be provided with an extension / retraction adjustment means 36c, such as a turnbuckle, that adjusts the length between the locked ends. This makes it possible to adjust the width of the gap 21a maintained between the pedestal 31c and the adjacent pedestal-side block 20A.

[0044] In this embodiment, the height of each of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C can be adjusted using three height-adjusting bolts 26, which are threaded into the bolt insertion holes 25 formed in the three locations, as shown in Fig. 11. That is, each of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C has three bolt insertion holes 25 formed in the vertical direction, and a height-adjusting bolt 26 is attached to each of the bolt insertion holes 25 in a state in which its lower end 26a can protrude downward from the lower surface 20b of the PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, and 20C. Prior to the process of filling the gaps 21a between adjacent receiving portions 31c of a plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C arranged in a row vertically and horizontally, the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, and the gaps 21c below the hexahedral undersides 20b that communicate with these gaps 21a, 21b with the filling solidification material 22 (see Figure 12), the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C are rotated from above to change the protruding lengths of the three height adjustment bolts 26 in each of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C from the undersides 20b of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, thereby adjusting the height and inclination of each of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C.

[0045] As described above, in this embodiment, a nut member, preferably a female thread member 25a, is fixed to each bolt insertion hole 25 below the vertical middle. The height adjustment bolt 26 is threadedly attached to the nut member 25a, allowing the lower end 26a of the height adjustment bolt 26 to protrude downward from the lower surface 20b of the PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, or 20C. A tiltable ground adjuster 26b can be attached to the lower end 26a of the height adjustment bolt 26. This allows the lower end 26a of the height adjustment bolt 26 to be stably grounded on, for example, the ground surface, which serves as the filling bottom surface 26c below the lower surface 20b. The grounding adjuster 26b can also be shaped so that when the height adjustment bolt 26 is retracted upward, the opening periphery of the bolt insertion hole 25 can be tapered so that it can be accommodated in the above-mentioned small trumpet-shaped recess 25c, which widens downward and is formed in the underside 20b of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C.

[0046] In this embodiment, the upper end 26d of the height adjustment bolt 26 is preferably formed to have a rectangular cross section, and by engaging an insert extension bar, for example, as a rotation jig, with this upper end 26d and rotating the height adjustment bolt 26, the length of protrusion of the lower end 26a of the height adjustment bolt 26 from the lower surface 20b of the PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, 20C can be easily changed by working above the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, 20C. As described above, the bolt insertion hole 25 is formed with a large trumpet-shaped recess 25b that expands upward from the portion where the nut member 25a, which is a female thread member, is fixed and opens to the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, 20C. If the upper end 26d of the height-adjusting bolt 26, after being adjusted so that its lower end 26a contacts the filling bottom 26c, protrudes from or is close to the upper surface 20a of the PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, or 20C, preventing a sufficient covering thickness above the upper end 26d when the large trumpet-shaped recess 25b is filled with a finishing filler, the upper end 26d of the height-adjusting bolt 26 can be appropriately cut to the required length in the large trumpet-shaped recess 25b. This ensures a desired covering thickness of the finishing filler, such as mortar, filled in the bolt insertion hole 25, preventing corrosion of the height-adjusting bolt 26. The work of cutting the upper end 26d of the height-adjusting bolt 26 can be performed smoothly because sufficient working space is secured in the large trumpet-shaped recess 25b, which expands in diameter upward.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in the invert section structure 10 using the above-mentioned PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, a PCa block connection structure 37 in the invert section structure described below can be adopted as the connection section structure for connecting and arranging multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C vertically and horizontally while maintaining gaps 21b of a predetermined spacing width between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C and installing them as a single unit in the invert section 33.

[0048] That is, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 7, 8, and 10(a) to (c), the PCa block connection structure 37 has transverse spacer jigs 29a (see Figure 10(b)) fixed to one of the transverse opposing surfaces 20d of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C adjacent to each other in the transverse direction of the tunnel, preferably at least three of which are interposed between the transverse opposing surfaces 20d, and the fastening force of bolt members (not shown) fastened in bolt boxes 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a of at least one of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C adjacent to the transverse opposing surfaces 20d connects each pair of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C adjacent to each other in the transverse direction of the tunnel while maintaining a gap 21b of a predetermined spacing width between the transverse opposing surfaces 20d. Between each pair of axially opposing surfaces 20c of adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C in the tunnel axial direction, axial spacer jigs 29b (see FIG. 10(c)) are fixed to one of the axially opposing surfaces 20c, preferably at at least three locations. The bolt boxes 23 are provided on the upper surfaces 20a of at least one of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C adjacent to the axially opposing surfaces 20c. The bolts (not shown) fasten the pair of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C in the tunnel axial direction, maintaining a predetermined gap 21b between the axially opposing surfaces 20c. The transverse spacer jigs 29a and axial spacer jigs 29b can also be attached to the transversely opposing surfaces 20d and the axially opposing surfaces 20c at the positions where the bolt boxes 23 are provided.

[0049] In this embodiment, the transverse spacer jigs 29a and / or the axial spacer jigs 29b may be made of mortar blocks, preferably attached and fixed to either one of the opposing surfaces 20c, 20d. The mortar block spacer jigs 29a, 29b may be removably attached to the opposing surfaces 20c, 20d and removed after the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C are fully tightened and connected. The transverse spacer jigs 29a and / or the axial spacer jigs 29b may also be made of male threaded members, preferably screwed into female threaded inserts embedded in either one of the opposing surfaces 10c, 10d, so that the protruding length can be adjusted.

[0050] The transverse spacer jigs 29a and the axial spacer jigs 29b, which are preferably arranged at at least three locations and fixed to either one of the transverse opposing surfaces 20d or the axial opposing surface 20c, are preferably fixed to at least two locations in the region below the center of gravity of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C. This makes it possible to stably and accurately form the gaps 21a and 21b of the predetermined intervals in the region below the center of gravity, where it is difficult to confirm that the gaps 21a and 21b have been formed accurately, without using any special equipment when installing the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C.

[0051] The bolt members fastened in the bolt boxes 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a of at least one of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C adjacent to the lateral opposing surface 20d, or the bolt members fastened in the bolt boxes 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a of at least one of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C adjacent to the axial opposing surface 20c, may preferably be fastened across the bolt boxes 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a adjacent to the axial opposing surface 20c or lateral opposing surface 20d of one of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, and the female thread anchors 24 embedded in the axial opposing surface 20c or lateral opposing surface 20d of the other PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, 20C. Preferably, the bolt box 23 may be fastened across the bolt box 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a adjacent to the axially opposing surface 20c or the transversely opposing surface 20d of one PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, 20C, and the bolt box 23 arranged on the upper surface 20a adjacent to the axially opposing surface 20c or the transversely opposing surface 20d of the other PCa concrete block 20A, 20B, 20C.

[0052] In this embodiment, the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C arranged in a row and column are integrated via the filling solidification material 22 filled and hardened in the gaps 21a between adjacent receiving portions 31c, the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C, and the gaps 21c below the hexahedral undersides that communicate with these gaps, as shown in Fig. 12, to form at least a portion of the invert section lining body 32. In this embodiment, the filling solidification material 22 is filled in the gaps 21a between adjacent receiving portions 31c, the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C, and the gaps 21c below the hexahedral undersides that communicate with these gaps 21a and 21b by the following construction method.

[0053] That is, in this embodiment, in order to fill the filling solidification material 22 into the gaps 21a between adjacent receiving base portions 31c of multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C arranged in a row vertically and horizontally, the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, and the gaps 21c below the hexahedral lower surface portion that communicates with these gaps 21a, 21b, the opening portions of the gaps 21a, 21b that open in the upper surface portion 20a, gable side end surface portion 10A (see Figures 7 and 14) and center side end surface portion 10B (see Figures 7 and 12) of multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C arranged in a row vertically and horizontally are closed. 12 to 14, the filling solidification material 22 is sequentially injected into the gaps 21a and 21b through the center-side filler injection holes 27d provided vertically through one or more of the center-side blocks 20B arranged in the axial direction of the tunnel, and through the pedestal-side filler injection holes 27e provided vertically through one or more of the pedestal-side blocks 20A arranged in the axial direction of the tunnel. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 14, the filling solidification material 22 is injected first through the center-side filler injection holes 27d, then switched to the pedestal-side filler injection holes 27e, and further injected into the gaps 21a. The filling solidification material 22 is then completed upon confirmation that the filling solidification material 22 has flowed out of the opening of the gap 21a between the pedestal 31c and the upper surface 20a of the pedestal-side block 20A. It is also possible to inject the filling solidification material 22 using only the filling material injection hole 27d of the center side block 20B without using the filling material injection hole 27e of the receiving base side block 20A, and to finish filling the filling solidification material 22 by confirming that the filling solidification material 22 flows out from the opening of the gap 21a between the receiving base 31c held on the upper surface 20a of the receiving base side block 20A.

[0054] Furthermore, it is preferable to attach air-bleeding hoses 42 (see FIG. 12) extending from an appropriate position to the band-shaped formwork 41a that closes the openings of the gaps 21a, 21b, and 21d in the upper surfaces 20a of the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C that are arranged vertically and horizontally. This makes it possible to effectively bleed air from the gaps 21a, 21b, and 21d via the air-bleeding hoses 42 when filling with the filling solidification material 22, and it is also possible to confirm that the filling solidification material 22 has been filled by the flow of the filling solidification material 22 from these air-bleeding hoses 42.

[0055] The temporary equipment 70 for installing invert blocks in this embodiment is used when constructing the above-mentioned invert section lining body 10 in each of the transverse side regions 55A and 55B of the tunnel, as shown in Figures 1(a), (b) and 4, for example, when installing multiple invert blocks made of PCa concrete blocks 20 that make up the invert section lining body 32 in one side region 55A by laying them vertically and horizontally in the invert section 33 while ensuring passage on the passageway 60 in the other side region 55B, and is equipment that allows multiple hexahedral PCa concrete blocks to be efficiently installed in a row and arranged vertically and horizontally without affecting vehicle passage in the other side region 55B.

[0056] 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, in a work yard 71 in one side region 55A, with the base 72a of the laying region 72 where the PCa concrete blocks 20 are laid being leveled as described above, a block lifting crane 74 is movably installed in a space 73 behind the laying starting end 72b in the laying region 72 in the laying direction X, and a block installation crane 76 is movably installed in a space 75 in the laying region closer to the laying end 72c forward of the laying starting end 72b in the laying direction X. In addition, a block transport conveyor device 77 is installed on the top surfaces of the PCa concrete blocks 20 sequentially laid in the laying region 72 from the laying starting end 72b toward the forward laying end 72c, and extends from the laying starting end 72b to an area within the working radius of the block installation crane 76. This block transport conveyor device 77 is designed to be able to add PCa concrete blocks 20 in the laying direction X as needed as they are sequentially placed in the laying direction X from the laying start end 72b to the laying end 72c.

[0057] In this embodiment, the block lifting lifting machine 74 is preferably a crawler crane, and the block installation lifting machine 76 is preferably a backhoe. A roller conveyor can be preferably used as the block transport conveyor device 77. In the space 73 behind the laying start end 72b in the laying direction X of the laying area 72, the PCa concrete block 20 lifted by the block lifting lifting machine 74 can be placed on the roller conveyor 77, preferably with the curved lower surface 20b as the placement surface and the pair of flat axially opposing surfaces 20c aligned along the extension direction of the roller conveyor 77. As a result, each PCa concrete block 20 moves while rotating the multiple rollers of the roller conveyor 77, allowing it to be smoothly and stably transported to the portion of the space 75 adjacent to the block installation lifting machine 76 on the laying end end 72c side in the laying direction X.

[0058] In this embodiment, the truck, which is the vehicle 80 (see FIG. 1) transporting the PCa concrete blocks 20, is preferably able to move from the rear to the work yard 71 on the lane of one of the side areas 55A, without crossing into the work yard 71 from the other side area 55B so as not to affect traffic in the other side area 55B. The PCa concrete blocks 20 loaded on the moving truck 80 can be unloaded into the work yard 71 by a block lifting crane 74. The unloaded PCa concrete blocks 20 can be lifted appropriately by, for example, the block lifting crane 74 and sequentially lowered and placed on the end of a roller conveyor 77 installed on the top surface of the laid PCa concrete blocks 20, on the side of the laying start end 72b in the laying direction X. The PCa concrete block 20 placed on the starting end 72b of the roller conveyor 77 can be pushed out, for example by a worker, and moved smoothly along the roller conveyor 77 to an area within the working radius of the block installation lifting machine 76, which is installed in the space 75 on the terminal end 72c side of the laying direction X, in front of the block lifting lifting machine 74 on the starting end 72b side.

[0059] In the space 75 on the laying end 72c side of the laying area 72 in the work yard 71 where the block installation lifting machine 76 is installed, the block installation lifting machine 76, which is arranged with its driver's seat facing the block lifting lifting machine 74, can lift up the PCa concrete blocks 20 that have been transported to the adjacent area along the roller conveyor 77, and install them sequentially in designated positions in the laying area 72 without rotating 180 degrees, preferably at a rotation angle of less than 60 degrees to the left or right, while keeping the driver's seat facing the block, so as not to affect the passage of vehicles in the other area on one side. Furthermore, the block transport conveyor device 77 can be added appropriately in the laying direction X as the PCa concrete blocks 20 are sequentially placed in the laying direction X toward the laying starting end 72b. Therefore, by repeating the same operation while moving the block installation lifting machine 76 back while facing it directly, it is possible to efficiently place multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 in a row, vertically and horizontally, with the driver's seat facing the block lifting lifting machine 74.

[0060] As a result, according to the temporary equipment 70 for installing invert blocks in this embodiment, in a narrow work yard 71 set up in one of the transverse side areas 55A of a multi-lane road tunnel, multiple hexahedral PCa concrete blocks 20 that form the invert structure 10 can be efficiently arranged and installed vertically and horizontally in a row without affecting vehicle traffic in the other side area 55B, making it possible to efficiently construct the invert structure 10, which is an integrated unit of these PCa concrete blocks 20 arranged vertically and horizontally in a row.

[0061] In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), in the work yard 71 of the one side area 55A, in the space 73 on the rear side of the laying starting end 92b of the laying area 72 in the laying direction X, a block lifting crane 74 is provided further rearward from the block lifting crane 74. An auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78, preferably a crawler crane, is movably installed, and an auxiliary block transport conveyor device 79, preferably a roller conveyor, is disposed extending from the area within the working radius of the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78 to the area within the working radius of the block lifting lifting machine 74. In the work yard 71 in one side area 55A, the block lifting lifting machine 74 and the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78 are preferably positioned so that they can rotate only within the angle range in which the driver's seat is facing away from them. This allows the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78 to unload PCa concrete blocks 20 loaded on a truck without increasing the rotation width, or to lift them as needed and place them on the end of the auxiliary block transport conveyor device 79 on the laying start end 72b side without increasing the rotation width. Furthermore, the PCa concrete blocks 20 transported via the auxiliary block transport conveyor device 79 to the area adjacent to the block lifting lifting machine 74 can be lifted by the block lifting lifting machine 74, with the driver's seat facing away from the driver, without increasing the swing width, and can be successively lowered onto the end of the roller conveyor 77 installed on the upper surface of the laid PCa concrete blocks 20, on the side of the laying starting end 72b. This makes it possible to install the multiple hexahedral PCa concrete blocks 20 that form the invert structure 10 in a row and lined up vertically and horizontally more efficiently without affecting vehicle traffic in the other side region 55B.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in the work yard 71 of one side region 55A, a transport vehicle 80, such as a truck, loaded with PCa concrete blocks 20 moves in the laying direction X with its loading platform facing forward in the laying direction X, preferably in a space behind the auxiliary block lifting crane 78 in the laying direction X. Using the auxiliary block lifting crane 78, the PCa concrete blocks 20 loaded on the truck 80 can be unloaded without increasing the swing width, or can be lifted as needed and placed on the end of the auxiliary block transport conveyor device 79 on the laying starting end 72b side. This makes it possible to install PCa concrete blocks 20 in the work yard 71 of one side area 55A without having to rotate heavy machinery such as the block installation lifting machine 76, the block lifting lifting machine 74, and the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine 78 by 180 degrees, and since the transport vehicle 80 loaded with PCa concrete blocks 20 moves to the work yard 71 with its loading platform facing forward in the laying direction X, it becomes possible to work efficiently in one side area 65A without having to move the transport vehicle 80 sideways from the other side area 55B.

[0063] In this embodiment, the temporary equipment 70 for installing invert blocks can also be used in a work yard set up in the other side area 55B that has become the new one-side area, while ensuring vehicle passage in the one-side area 55A where construction has been completed, when the other side area 55B of a multi-lane road tunnel made up of a mountain tunnel 30 is used as the new one-side area, and the one-side area 55A where construction of the invert structure 10 has been completed is used as the other side area, and the invert structure 10 is installed in the other side area 55B that has become the new one-side area. In other words, when the space above the invert structure 10 formed in one side area 55A is backfilled to restore the passageway and ensure vehicle passage, and then the invert structure 10 is constructed in the other side area 55B as a new side area, the temporary equipment 70 for installing the invert blocks of this embodiment can be used as equipment to enable the efficient installation of multiple PCa concrete blocks 20 laid out vertically and horizontally without affecting vehicle passage in the other side area.

[0064] In this embodiment, the invert section structures 10 formed in one side region 55A and the other side region 55B are configured to form an invert section structure 50 across the entire transverse area, which together constitutes the invert section covering body 32, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

[0065] That is, the invert section structure 50 covering the entire transverse area is a structure using PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C that are provided throughout the entire transverse area of ​​the tunnel in the invert section 33 of the mountain tunnel and constitute the invert section lining body 32, and each of the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C is formed as a hexahedral block having curved upper surface portion 20a and lower surface portion 20b so as to have a curved shape that follows the cross-sectional shape of the invert section lining body 32, as described above. 2 and 3, in each of the tunnel's transverse side regions 55A and 55B, a plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C are arranged in series in the transverse direction of the tunnel and installed in the invert section 33, with gaps 21a and 21b maintained between the support bases 31c at the lower ends of adjacent side wall linings 31a and between adjacent PCa concrete blocks. Also, adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C are arranged in series in the axial direction of the tunnel and installed in the invert section 33, with gaps 21b maintained between them. This forms a one-side block group 20X and an other-side block group 20Y. Furthermore, a gap 51 is maintained between the one-side block group 20X and the other-side block group 20Y in the central portion of the tunnel's transverse direction. The multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C arranged vertically and horizontally in the one side block group 20X and the other side block group 20Y are integrated together via the filling solidification material 22 that has been filled and hardened in the gaps 21a between each adjacent receiving portion 31c, the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, and 20C, the gap portion 51 between the one side block group 20X and the other side block group 20Y, and the gap 21c below the hexahedral lower surface portion that communicates with these gaps 21a, 21b and the gap portion 51, to form the invert portion covering body 32.

[0066] In addition, in this embodiment, the gaps 21a between adjacent receiving base portions 31c filled with filling solidification material 22 and the gaps 21b between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C preferably have a spacing width of 15 to 30 mm, and the spacing portion 51 between one side block group 20X and the other side block group 20Y preferably has a spacing width of 100 to 130 mm.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the multiple PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C arranged in a row vertically and horizontally in the one side block group 20X and the other side block group 20Y are installed in the invert section 33 in a potato-like arrangement, with gaps 21b extending axially between adjacent PCa concrete blocks in the transverse direction of the tunnel and filled with filling solidification material 22, and gaps extending transversely between adjacent PCa concrete blocks in the axial direction of the tunnel, both preferably arranged linearly and continuously.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the central side surface of the PCa concrete block (central side block) 20B located closest to the center of one side block group 20X, which faces the gap portion 51, and the central side surface of the PCa concrete block (central side block) 20B located closest to the center of the other side block group, are formed with irregularities 52 to improve adhesion with the filling solidification material 22, as shown in Figure 15, for example.

[0069] The unevenness 52 for improving adhesion with the filling solidification material 22 can also be formed on the lateral opposing surfaces 20d of each PCa concrete block 20, across the maintained gaps 21a, 21b, of the PCa concrete blocks 20 that are arranged in series in the transverse direction of the tunnel and installed in the invert section 33, preferably with gaps 21a, 21b maintained between the receiving base portions 31c at the lower ends of adjacent side wall lining bodies 31a and between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20. The unevenness 52 for improving adhesion with the filling solidification material 22 can also be formed on the axial opposing surfaces 20c of each PCa concrete block 20, across the maintained gaps 21b, of the PCa concrete blocks 20 that are arranged in series in the axial direction of the tunnel and installed in the invert section 33, preferably with gaps 21b maintained between the PCa concrete blocks 20.

[0070] In this embodiment, the PCa concrete block (center-side block) 20B located most centrally of the one-side block group 20X and the PCa concrete block (center-side block) 20B located most centrally of the other-side block group 20Y are preferably connected via long bolt members (not shown). This ensures installation accuracy of the one-side block group 20X and the other-side block group 20Y, and also ensures shear strength of the portion between these block groups 20X and 20Y.

[0071] In this embodiment, the invert structure 50 across the entire transverse direction of the tunnel described above can be formed by the following construction method. That is, in this embodiment, the construction method of the invert structure 50 includes a step of arranging a plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C in a row in the transverse direction of the tunnel and installing them in the invert section 33 in a state where gaps 21a, 21b are maintained between the blocks and the receiving base 31c at the lower end of the adjacent side wall lining body 31a and between the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, and also in the axial direction of the tunnel, where gaps 21b are maintained between the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C, to form one side block group 20X; a step of filling and hardening a filling solidification material 22 into gaps 21c below the lower surface of the hexahedron-shaped block 31a and communicating with the blocks 31a, 31b, and a step of arranging a plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C in the other side region 55B in the transverse direction of the tunnel in a state where gaps 21a, 21b are maintained between the receiving base 31c at the lower end of the adjacent side wall lining body 31a and between the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C and the invert portion 33; and a step of forming the other-side block group 20Y by arranging the PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C in a row and installing them in the invert section 33 while maintaining gaps 21b between the adjacent PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C in the axial direction of the tunnel, and by maintaining gaps 21a between the adjacent receiving base sections 31c of the plurality of PCa concrete blocks 20A, 20B, 20C of the other-side block group 20Y that are arranged in a row and horizontally.In addition to the gap 21b between the block group 20C and the gap 21c below the bottom surface of the hexahedron that communicates with these, the process also includes filling and hardening the filling solidification material 22 into the gap 51 between the block group 20X on one side and the block group 20Y on the other side, thereby making it possible to easily form the invert structure 50 that is provided across the entire transverse direction of the tunnel and that constitutes the invert lining body 32.

[0072] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be modified in various ways. For example, the block lifting lifting machine and the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine do not necessarily have to be crawler cranes, and various other lifting heavy machinery such as tow trucks, crawler trucks, and Unic vehicles can be used. The block transport conveyor device and the auxiliary block transport conveyor device do not necessarily have to be roller conveyors, and can be various other conveyor-type transport devices that can be extended in the extension direction. Electric transport devices can also be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 10 Inverter structure 20,20' PCa concrete block (invert block) 21a Gap between the base and the 21b Gap between adjacent PCa concrete blocks 21c Lower gap of the underside 21d Gap between the existing invert structure 22 Filling and solidification material 23 Bolt Box 24 Female thread anchor 25 Bolt insertion screw hole 26 Height adjustment bolt 27 Filler injection hole 28 Opening and closing valve member 30 Mountain tunnels (road tunnels) 30a Bottom panel part 31 Lining body 31a Side wall (side wall lining) 31b Arch-shaped part 31c pedestal part 32 Invert lining 33 Inverter 35 H type steel 36 Temporary fixing means 37 PCa block connection structure 42 Air bleed hose 50 Invert structure throughout the entire tunnel crossing 51 Interval between one side block group and the other side block group 55A One side area 55B Other half area 60 Passage route 70 Temporary equipment for installing invert blocks 71 Work Yard 72 Laying area 72a Bottom panel 72b Starting end of laying 72c Laid-out End 73 Space behind the start of laying in the laying area 74 Block lifting machine (crawler crane) 75 Space at the end of the laying in the laying area 76 Block installation lifting machine (backhoe) 77 Block transport conveyor device 78 Auxiliary block lifting machine 79 Auxiliary block transport conveyor device 80 Transport vehicles (trucks) X tiling direction

Claims

1. A method for installing invert blocks, which is used in a process of installing a plurality of invert blocks made of PCa concrete blocks constituting an invert section covering body, in a work yard set up in one transverse area of ​​a multi-lane road tunnel while allowing vehicle traffic in the other transverse area, comprising: The PCa concrete blocks are formed as hexahedral blocks having curved upper and lower surfaces so as to have a curved shape that follows the cross-sectional shape of the invert section lining body, and are arranged in series in the transverse direction of the tunnel while maintaining a gap between adjacent PCa concrete blocks, and are also arranged in series in the axial direction of the tunnel while maintaining a gap between adjacent PCa concrete blocks, and are also arranged in series in the invert section, In the work yard in the one-side area, with the base of the laying area where the PCa concrete blocks are to be laid being leveled, a block lifting lifting machine is movably installed in a space behind the laying start end in the laying direction of the laying area, and a block installation lifting machine is movably installed in a space in the laying area towards the laying end terminal end forward of the laying start end in the laying direction, and a block transport conveyor device is provided on the top surface of the PCa concrete blocks that are successively laid in the laying area from the laying start end towards the forward laying end, extending from the laying start end to an area within the working radius of the block installation lifting machine. The block transport conveyor device is provided so that it can be added in the laying direction as the PCa concrete blocks are sequentially placed in the laying direction from the laying start end to the laying end, The method for installing invert blocks in a road tunnel is as follows: the unloaded PCa concrete blocks are lifted by the block lifting crane and successively lowered and placed on the end of the block transport conveyor device installed on the upper surface of the laid PCa concrete blocks, which is closer to the starting end of the laying direction in the laying direction; the placed PCa concrete blocks are then manually pushed out and moved along the block transport conveyor device to an area within the working radius of the block installation crane, where they are lifted by the block installation crane and placed successively at predetermined positions in the laying area.

2. An invert block installation method as described in claim 1, wherein in the work yard in the one-side area, the block lifting lifting machine and the block installation lifting machine are configured to rotate only within an angle range in which the driver's seats face each other.

3. 3. The method for arranging inverter blocks according to claim 2, wherein the angle range in which the driver's seats are opposed is an angle range in which the driver's seats can be rotated left or right within 60 degrees from a state in which they face each other directly in front of each other.

4. In the work yard in the one-side area, an auxiliary block lifting lifting machine is movably installed in a space rearward of the laying start end of the laying area in the laying direction, spaced apart from the block lifting lifting machine, and an auxiliary block transport conveyor device is disposed extending from an area within the working radius of the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine to an area within the working radius of the block lifting lifting machine, 3. A method for arranging inverted blocks as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the PCa concrete blocks are lifted using the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine and placed on the end of the auxiliary block transporting conveyor device near the starting end of laying, and then transported via the auxiliary block transporting conveyor device to a section adjacent to the block lifting lifting machine, and the transported PCa concrete blocks are lifted by the block lifting lifting machine and successively lowered onto the end of the block transporting conveyor device near the starting end of laying.

5. An invert block installation method as described in claim 4, wherein in the work yard in the one-side area, the block lifting lifting machine and the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine are adapted to rotate only within an angle range in which the driver's seat is turned away.

6. The method for arranging inverted blocks as described in claim 4, wherein in the work yard in the one-side area, a transport vehicle loaded with the PCa concrete blocks moves in the laying direction with its loading platform facing forward in the laying direction in a space behind the auxiliary block lifting lifting machine in the laying direction.

7. 3. The invert block installation method according to claim 1, wherein the block lifting lifting machine is a crawler crane, and the block installation lifting machine is a backhoe.

8. 3. The method for installing invert blocks according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the block transport conveyor device is a roller conveyor, and the PCa concrete blocks are transported in the extension direction while being placed on these roller conveyors.

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