How to protect your skin from falling

Abstract

To provide a rock fall prevention method capable of allowing a worker to visually check the state of the upper working face and the like.SOLUTION: The rock fall prevention method includes: a step of connecting multiple guard bodies 10 having a frame body with a wire mesh 12 stretched over the opening 11a in the transverse direction of a tunnel A; a step of attaching both transverse ends of the multiple guard bodies 10 connected in the transverse direction of tunnel A to drilling rods 42 of the two spaced guide shells 41 included in the drill jumbo 40 respectively; and a step of moving a drill jumbo 40 until the tip of the drilling rod 42 approaches a working face B of the tunnel A, or extending drilling rods 42.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for preventing skin breakouts. [Background technology]

[0002] In mountain tunnel construction, the tunnel face is cut away by blasting using explosives, and the resulting debris (rock debris) is transported outside the tunnel as the tunnel is excavated. The unstable tunnel excavation surface that has been cut away is reinforced by spraying concrete, and then supports are installed and a concrete lining is applied.

[0003] Workers work close to the tunnel face when loading explosives for blasting, removing loose rock fragments and boulders that have come loose on the tunnel excavation surface using iron bars, spraying concrete on the tunnel excavation surface, and erecting shoring.

[0004] In this case, rocks may fall from the face (rock fall), putting workers in danger. Conventionally, there have been devices that use shoring to protect workers from rock fall, but they do not exist before the shoring is installed. Therefore, before the shoring is installed, workers were protected by attaching roof-like protective equipment to the drill jumbo, but there were issues with worker safety and the handling of the protective equipment due to its weight.

[0005] Therefore, Patent Document 1 describes a protector that uses shock-absorbing materials to catch objects falling from the drill face by fixing both ends of a holding member that holds multiple shock-absorbing members on its upper surface to the guide shell of the drill jumbo. Here, the shock-absorbing members consist of plate-shaped members made of highly expanded polyethylene covered with polyethylene film, and the holding members consist of strip-shaped members made of polyester. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7104383 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, in the protective body described in Patent Document 1, the holding member that holds the multiple shock absorbing members on its upper surface is located above the worker, which causes a problem in that the worker cannot visually check the condition of the working face above.

[0008] In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preventing skin breakage that allows workers to visually check the condition of the upper working face, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The skin fall protection method of the present invention is characterized by comprising the steps of: connecting a plurality of guard bodies having a frame body with a wire mesh stretched over the opening in the transverse direction of the tunnel; attaching both ends of the connected guard bodies in the transverse direction of the tunnel to the drilling rods of two spaced-apart guide shells provided on a drill jumbo; and moving the drill jumbo until the tip of the drilling rod approaches the face of the tunnel, or extending the drilling rod.

[0010] According to the method for preventing skin falls of the present invention, the guard body is made of a wire mesh stretched across the opening of a frame body, so that, unlike the technology described in Patent Document 1 above, it is possible to visually observe the working face and other elements located above the worker from the working position through the wire mesh.

[0011] In the skin fall protection method of the present invention, it is preferable that the method further includes a step of moving the drill jumbo until the tip of the drill rod presses against the face of the tunnel, or extending the drill rod.

[0012] In this case, the drilling rod is stably supported and deflection is suppressed, so even if a skin break occurs, the worker can be protected more reliably. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic side view showing an installation state of a skin-fall protection guard constructed by a skin-fall protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Schematic top view as seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] An enlarged schematic side view showing the state in which a mounting fixture with an anti-slip function is fixed to the tip of the drilling rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] A skin-fall protection guard 100 constructed by a skin-fall protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings are for schematically explaining this embodiment, and the dimensions are exaggerated.

[0015] The skin slippage protection guard 100 comprises a plurality of guard bodies 10 each having a frame body 11 with a wire mesh 12 stretched over the opening 11a, a connecting device 20 that connects the guard bodies 10 together in the transverse direction of the tunnel A (the X-axis direction in the figure), and mounting devices 30 that can attach both ends of the connected guard bodies 10 to the drilling rods 42 of two spaced-apart guide shells 41 provided on the drill jumbo 40.

[0016] The skin-fall protection guard 100, which is attached by mounting fixtures 30 to two drilling rods 42 with both ends of the connected guard body 10 spaced apart, is positioned close to the face B of the tunnel A by positioning the tips of the drilling rods 42 near the face B. As a result, falling rocks from the face B are caught by the wire mesh 12, and the worker C working below the skin-fall protection guard 100 is protected.

[0017] The frame body 11 has a rectangular shape in top view with an opening 11a formed on the inside, and is composed of two horizontal frame sections 13 that extend across the tunnel A (the X-axis direction in the figure) and face each other, and two front and rear frame sections 14 that extend in the depth direction of the tunnel A (the Y-axis direction in the figure) and face each other. These frame sections 13, 14 are each made of a steel pipe with a diameter of 20 mm, as an example. However, the frame sections 13, 14 are not limited to this and may be square pipes, round bars, rectangular bars, or other metals such as aluminum alloys.

[0018] Here, the corners where the ends of the horizontal frame portions 13 and the front and rear frame portions 14 are close to each other are not fixed. However, these ends may be fixed by welding or the like. The frame body 11 is sized so that it can be easily handled by one worker C, and as an example, the length in the X-axis direction is 1.5 m and the length in the Y-axis direction is 1.1 m.

[0019] Here, the wire mesh 12 is a diamond-shaped wire mesh, but it may also be a rectangular wire mesh or a tortoiseshell wire mesh. However, it is preferable that the gaps between the wires are large enough to allow for a visual observation above. As an example, the wire mesh 12 is a diamond-shaped wire mesh made of steel wire with a wire diameter of 3.2 mm and a center-to-center space of 50 mm x 50 mm. However, the wire mesh 12 is not limited to this and may have other dimensions, or may be made of wire made of other metals such as stainless steel.

[0020] The wire mesh 12 is cut to have a rectangular outer shape to fit the shape of the opening 11a of the frame body 11. A metal wire 15 is wound in a coil (spiral shape) around each of the frame parts 13, 14, and the frame parts 13, 14 and the wire mesh 12 are connected by this metal wire 15, so that the wire mesh 12 is stretched over the opening 11a of the frame body 11. Here, one metal wire 15 is wound around each of the frame parts 13, 14, but one metal wire 15 may be wound continuously around multiple frame parts 13, 14, or multiple metal wires 15 may be wound around one frame part 13, 14.

[0021] Furthermore, in addition to the wire mesh 12, the connectable members 16 are also wound and fixed to the frame body 11 by metal wire 15. However, the connectable members 16 may also be fixed to the frame body 11 by welding, bonding, fastening, etc. Here, the connectable members 16 are members such as wires or metal fittings that have annular portions such as eyes or rings at their ends, and the annular portions protrude to the outside of the frame body 11. Here, four connectable members 16 are fixed so that their annular portions protrude in the X-axis direction from both ends of a pair of horizontal frame portions 13. are.

[0022] Adjacent connectable devices 16 are connected via connectors 20, thereby connecting multiple guard bodies 10 so that they extend in the X-axis direction. The connectors 20 are shackles in this example. By using a shackle, connectable devices 16 having ring portions can be easily and reliably connected to each other. However, instead of a shackle, a carabiner, a ring catch, a tie belt, or the like may also be used as the connector 20.

[0023] The number of guard bodies 10 to be connected may be determined according to the length in the X-axis direction of the tunnel A. Note that the lengths of the individual guard bodies 10 to be connected in the X-axis direction may be different.

[0024] A pair of mounting fixtures 30 are attached to both ends in the X-axis direction of the connected guard body 10. The mounting fixtures 30 are used to attach the skin-drop protection guard 100 to the drilling rod 42 of the guide shell 41 provided in the drill jumbo 40.

[0025] Here, the attachment 30 is made of a hook. This hook 30 is connected to the connectable device 16 using a connector 20. As an example, the hook 30 has a ring portion formed at the base end, and the hook 30 and the guard body 10 are connected by hooking a shackle, which is the connector 20, between this ring portion and the ring portion of the connectable device 16. However, instead of a hook, a shackle, a carabiner, or the like may also be used as the attachment 30.

[0026] 3, it is also preferable to attach a mounting fixture 50 with a slip-stop function to the drilling rod 42. This mounting fixture 50 with a slip-stop function comprises an enclosure 51 that surrounds the outer surface of the drilling rod 42, a hook 52 fixed to the enclosure 51, a bolt 53 with a handle that passes through a through-hole formed in the rear of the enclosure 51, and a nut 54 that screws onto the bolt 53. The enclosure 51 may be made of a rigid material such as metal, plastic, or wood, or may be made of a durable fabric such as ballistic nylon (registered trademark) or aramid fiber Kevlar (registered trademark). A shackle, carabiner, or the like may be used instead of the hook 52.

[0027] The attachment fixture 50 with anti-slip function encloses the drill bit 42a at the tip of the drill rod 42 with an enclosing body 51, and is fixed with a nut 54 while the tip of the bolt 53 is pressed against the inclined portion 42b of the drill rod 42. In this way, the attachment fixture 50 with anti-slip function is fixed to the tip of the drill rod 42, and the hook 52 is prevented from slipping.

[0028] In FIG. 3, the surrounding body 51 is open only at the rear (right side of the drawing), but it may also be open at the front (left side of the drawing). This makes it possible to attach a mounting fixture with a slip prevention function to places other than the tip of the drilling rod 42. In this case, the surrounding body may also be fixed using bolts and nuts at the front, just like the rear. Furthermore, the surrounding body 51 is not limited to one that surrounds the entire outer surface of the drilling rod 42, but may also be one that surrounds only partially to the extent that it will not fall off.

[0029] The drill jumbo 40 comprises a self-propelled vehicle 43 that can be fixed in a predetermined position, at least two booms 44 that can freely swivel and extend in front of the vehicle 43, guide shells 41 that are swingably attached to the tips of the two booms 44, a drifter (rock drill) 45 that moves forward and backward while being guided by the guide shell 41, and a drilling rod 42 that is attached to the drifter 45 and drills into the rock. The drifter 45 uses the drilling rod 42 to drill holes in the rock face B in which explosives are to be loaded.

[0030] The drill jumbo 40 may have a boom 44 equipped with, for example, a concrete spraying device, a rock bolt driving device, a cage, or the like, in addition to the drifter 45. The drill jumbo 40 is not limited to being self-propelled, and may be one that travels guided by rails or one that is immobile.

[0031] The drill jumbo 10 is operated so that the drilling rods 42 are spaced apart in the X-axis direction and extend in the Y-axis direction, and the tips of the drilling rods 42 are positioned near the face B. This allows the skin-fall protection guards 100 to extend in the X-axis direction near the face B, and to protect the worker C positioned below them from skin falls. The skin-fall protection guards 100 preferably extend over substantially the entire length of the tunnel A in the transverse direction, but this is not limited to this and they may extend only a portion of it. Furthermore, the height at which the skin-fall protection guards 100 are placed only needs to exceed the height of the worker C.

[0032] It is preferable that the skin-fall protection guards 100 be stretched horizontally in a flat shape. However, since the guard bodies 10 are connected to each other and to the drilling rod 42 via connectors 20 and the connection angle is not limited, the skin-fall protection guards 100 may be stretched with a slight flexure.

[0033] It is preferable to operate the drill jumbo 10 so that the tip of each drilling rod 42 is pressed against the working face B. It is also preferable to drill a small amount into the working face B so that the tip of each drilling rod 42 is embedded in the working face B. This stably supports the drilling rods 42 and suppresses deflection, so that even if a skin break occurs, the skin break protection guard 100 can more reliably protect the worker C.

[0034] Next, a method for constructing the above-described skin fall protection guard 100 in the skin fall protection method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0035] First, an appropriate number of guard bodies 10 are prepared. Next, the guard bodies 10 are connected using connectors 20. Next, both ends of the connected guard bodies 10 are attached to the drill rods 42 of the guide shell 41 provided on the drill jumbo 10 using attachments 30. Alternatively, one end of each of two guard bodies 10 may be attached to two spaced-apart drill rods 42 using the attachments 30, and then an appropriate number of guard bodies 10 may be connected between these guard bodies 10 using the connectors 20.

[0036] Next, with the two drilling rods 42 spaced apart in the X-axis direction and extending in the Y-axis direction, the two drilling rods 42 are extended, or the drill jumbo 10 is run toward the working face B. Then, the tips of the drilling rods 42 are pressed against the working face B. As a result, the skin drop protection guard 100 is installed near the working face B, extending in a direction transverse to the X-axis.

[0037] When removing the skin drop protection guard 100, after retracting the two drilling rods 42 or running the drill jumbo 10 away from the face B, the attachment by the mounting fixture 30 can be released and the skin drop protection guard 100 can be removed from the drilling rods 42.

[0038] In the above-mentioned skin fall protection guard 100, an appropriate number of guard bodies 11 are connected by connecting devices 20, and both ends are attached to the drilling rod 42 by mounting devices 30, so that it is possible to protect worker C working near the face B of tunnel A over the interval between the drilling rods 42.

[0039] Furthermore, the guard body 10 has a wire mesh 12 stretched across the opening 11a of the frame body 11. Therefore, unlike the protective body described in Patent Document 1, the working face B located above the worker C can be visually observed from the working position through the wire mesh 12, making it possible to predict danger.

[0040] Furthermore, since worker C can carry each guard body 10 by himself, worker C can install and remove skin-fall protection guard 100 by himself. And, since guard body 10 is sturdy with wire mesh 12 stretched across opening 11a of frame body 11, it is possible to reliably protect workers from skin-fall. Also, since all of the components that make up skin-fall protection guard 100 can be commercially available products, skin-fall protection guard 100 can be easily manufactured.

[0041] The present invention is not limited to the method for preventing skin from falling as specifically described in the above embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the claims. For example, the guard body 10 may also be connected in the Y-axis direction. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 10...guard body, 11...frame body, 11a...opening, 12...wire mesh, 13...horizontal frame section, 14...front and rear frame sections, 15...metal wire, 16...connectable device, 20...connecting device, 30...mounting device, hook 40...drill jumbo, 41...guide shell, 42...drilling rod, 43...vehicle, 44...boom, 45...drifter, 50...mounting device with anti-slip function, 51...enclosure, 52...hook, mounting device, 53...bolt, 54...nut, 100...skin fall protection guard, A...tunnel, B...face, C...worker.

Claims

1. A method for protecting workers from skin-fall at a tunnel face, using a skin-fall protection guard comprising: a plurality of metal guard bodies each having a frame body with a wire mesh stretched over its opening; a connecting device for connecting the plurality of guard bodies in the transverse direction of the tunnel; and mounting devices that can be attached to both ends of the plurality of connected guard bodies in the transverse direction of the tunnel, respectively, on drilling rods of two spaced apart guide shells provided on a drill jumbo, The guard body is made of metal and has a rectangular shape when viewed from above, and is composed of two horizontal frame portions and two front and rear frame portions, with an opening formed on the inside, the wire mesh made of metal wire and cut to a rectangular shape to match the shape of the opening, and is fixed to the opening on the inside of the frame body, and metal connectable devices have ring-shaped portions protruding from both ends of the horizontal frame portions and are fixed to four corners of the frame body, a step of connecting a plurality of the metal guard bodies in the transverse direction of the tunnel via the metal connecting members, and attaching both ends of the skin-fall protection guard made up of the connected plurality of the metal guard bodies in the transverse direction of the tunnel to the drilling rods of two spaced apart guide shells provided on a drill jumbo via the attachment members; A method for preventing skin falls, characterized by comprising the step of subsequently moving the drill jumbo or extending the drill rod until the tip of the drill rod presses against the face of the tunnel.

2. A method for preventing skin falls as described in claim 1, characterized in that the drill jumbo is moved until it presses against the tunnel face, or the drill rods are extended, while the face is drilled and the tip of each drill rod is embedded in the face.

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