Tilt condition display device and construction support system

Abstract

To provide an inclination state display device which reduces a projection amount to an attachment of a construction machine in a state of being mounted on the attachment, and can easily perform setting for displaying the inclination state of the attachment.SOLUTION: An inclination state display device has an anti-vibration drum 30 for displaying a reference position in an initial setting posture PA1, and a pendulum drum 40 which is rotatable to the anti-vibration drum 30, and displays an inclination state of an attachment 350 with respect to the reference position. The anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 are composed of bottomed cylindrical members. The pendulum drum 40 has a moving part 48 moved by rotation of the pendulum drum 40, and the anti-vibration drum 30 has a regulation part 38 which is brought into contact with the moving part 48, and thereby regulates a rotation range of the pendulum drum 40 within a prescribed range.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an inclination state display device that is attached to an attachment of a construction machine and displays the inclination state of the attachment relative to an arbitrary initial setting posture of the attachment, and to a construction support system. [Background technology]

[0002] The inventor of the present application has already proposed a shovel angle indicator for correcting the shovel angle of a construction machine to an initially set angle (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] The shovel angle indicator described in Patent Document 1 is composed of a reference unit capable of displaying a reference position, a rotating unit that is arranged to rotate relative to the reference unit and is capable of displaying the rotating position, and an anti-vibration unit that restricts the rotation of the rotating unit relative to the reference position of the reference unit, and is attached to the bucket of the construction machine so that the rotating position of the rotating unit and the reference position of the reference unit can be visually observed by the operator.The operator can level the slope gradient, etc. to a predetermined angle by operating the construction machine (bucket) so that the rotating position of the rotating unit matches the reference position of the reference unit. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-40081 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The shovel angle indicator in Patent Document 1 has a reference part, a rotating part, and an anti-vibration part, each made up of three metal drums. Metal frames are also provided on both sides of these. Therefore, the shovel angle indicator in Patent Document 1 has a large dimension in the left-right direction when attached to the bucket, and depending on the attachment position, the amount of protrusion outside or inside the bucket increases.

[0006] Furthermore, in order to display the inclination state of the bucket using the shovel angle indicator of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to attach the shovel angle indicator to the bucket and then adjust the positions of the reference part, the rotating part, and the vibration prevention part, respectively, which makes setting up the shovel angle indicator time-consuming.

[0007] Furthermore, the shovel angle indicator of Patent Document 1 is heavy, and there is room for improvement in operability when attaching and detaching the shovel angle indicator to the bucket.

[0008] Furthermore, it is preferable that the rotating part of the shovel angle indicator be stable and always maintain the same attitude relative to the vertical direction regardless of the bucket tilt angle. For this reason, in the shovel angle indicator of Patent Document 1, a weight and a regulating pin are attached to the lower part of the rotating part so that the position of the center of gravity of the rotating part is offset as far downward as possible from the center of rotation. In this way, it has been thought that offsetting the position of the center of gravity of the rotating part as far downward as possible from the center of rotation makes it easier to stabilize the attitude of the rotating part.

[0009] However, during construction, the rotating part is not always stationary but frequently shakes due to shaking caused by bucket operation and vibrations transmitted from the ground to the bucket. Also, if the distance from the rotation center of the rotating part to the center of gravity is increased, when shaking occurs in the rotating part, the period of shaking of the rotating part tends to become shorter. For this reason, the operator needs to operate the excavator while watching the rotating part, which frequently shakes in short periods, and this can cause fatigue when operating the excavator for long periods of time.

[0010] In recent years, efforts have been made to improve the productivity of the entire construction production system by introducing ICT (Information and Communication Technology) to construction sites (i-Construction). As a result, the development and spread of ICT construction machinery equipped with ICT technology is also progressing. However, there is also the issue of high initial implementation costs for ICT-based machine guidance systems and machine control systems. For this reason, there has been a demand for a relatively simple ICT construction support system that can be linked to existing surveying equipment.

[0011] The first object of the present invention is to provide a tilt state display device that, when attached to an attachment of a construction machine, reduces the amount of protrusion from the attachment, can be easily set to display the tilt state of the attachment, and is lightweight, thereby improving operability when attaching and detaching the device to the attachment, A second object of the present invention is to provide an inclination state display device that can reduce fatigue caused by operating a construction machine while watching the shaking of the inclination state display device, A third object of the present invention is to provide a tilt state display device and a construction support system that can support relatively simple ICT construction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The tilt state display device of the present invention is attached to an attachment of a construction machine and displays the tilt state of the attachment relative to an arbitrary initial setting posture of the attachment, a support part attached to the attachment; a steady drum supported by the support portion and indicating a reference position in the initial setting posture; a pendulum drum that is rotatable relative to the anti-sway drum and indicates the tilt state of the attachment relative to the reference position; Equipped with The anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are each configured as a cylindrical member having a bottom at one end and an open portion at the other end, and are arranged with their open portions facing each other, the pendulum drum has a moving part that is provided so as to protrude toward the anti-vibration drum and that moves in accordance with the rotation of the pendulum drum, The anti-vibration drum has a restricting portion that restricts the rotation range of the pendulum drum within a predetermined range by contacting the moving portion.

[0013] The construction support system of the present invention comprises: a tilt state display device of the present invention; a surveying instrument that performs surveying by emitting a light wave and receiving the light wave reflected by a reflecting portion provided on the tilt state display device; The apparatus is also provided with a portable information terminal that calculates the position of the lower end of the attachment of the construction machine based on the surveying results transmitted from the surveying device and displays the calculation results. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] With the tilt state display device of the present invention, when attached to an attachment of a construction machine, the amount of protrusion from the attachment can be reduced, and the setting to display the tilt state of the attachment can be easily made.Furthermore, the lightweight design improves operability when attaching and detaching the device to the attachment.

[0015] According to the construction support system of the present invention, a system using a tilt state display device can support relatively simple ICT construction. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of a tilt state display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the tilt state display device. [Figure 3]FIG. 3 is a front view showing a state in which a dummy drum of the tilt state display device is attached. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which a dummy drum of the tilt state display device is attached. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a front view of the tilt state display device with the dummy drum attached. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the tilt state indicator. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the tilt state display device. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a side view showing the range of rotation of the pendulum drum relative to the anti-vibration drum. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a side view showing the state in which the tilt state display device is attached to the attachment (slope bucket). [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a front view showing the state in which the tilt state display device is attached to the attachment (slope bucket). [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state in which work is performed using the tilt state display device. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a front view showing a state in which a reflecting section is attached to a supporting section of the tilt state display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a side view showing a state in which the tilt state display device with the reflecting portion attached is attached to an attachment (bucket). [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a construction support system using a tilt state display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The tilt state display device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: An inclination state display device that is attached to an attachment of a construction machine and displays an inclination state of the attachment relative to an arbitrary initial setting posture of the attachment, a support part attached to the attachment; a steady drum supported by the support portion and indicating a reference position in the initial setting posture; a pendulum drum that is rotatable relative to the anti-sway drum and indicates the tilt state of the attachment relative to the reference position; Equipped with The anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are each configured as a cylindrical member having a bottom at one end and an open portion at the other end, and are arranged with their open portions facing each other, the pendulum drum has a moving part that is provided so as to protrude toward the anti-vibration drum and that moves in accordance with the rotation of the pendulum drum, The anti-vibration drum has a restricting portion that restricts the range of rotation of the pendulum drum within a predetermined range by contacting the moving portion (first configuration).

[0018] According to the above configuration, the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are each formed of a cylindrical member having a bottom at one end and an open portion at the other end, and are arranged with the open portions facing each other, The pendulum drum is provided so as to protrude toward the anti-vibration drum and has a moving part that moves in accordance with the rotation of the pendulum drum, The anti-vibration drum has a restricting portion that restricts the range of rotation of the pendulum drum within a predetermined range by contacting the moving portion. Therefore, the tilt status display device, which is made up of two cylindrical members, the anti-sway drum and the pendulum drum, can perform the same function as a conventional shovel angle indicator made up of three cylinders. This allows the amount of protrusion from the attachment to be reduced when attached to the attachment of a construction machine, and also makes it easy to set up the device to display the tilt state of the attachment. Furthermore, since the tilt state display device can be made lighter, operability can be improved when attaching or detaching it to an attachment.

[0019] In the first configuration, a shaft portion that supports the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum so that they can rotate coaxially; The pendulum drum may have a weight portion provided below the shaft portion, and the moving portion provided above the shaft portion (second configuration).

[0020] According to the above configuration, the pendulum drum has the weight portion provided below the shaft portion and the moving portion provided above the shaft portion. Therefore, compared to when both the weight and the moving part are provided below the shaft, the distance from the shaft, which is the center of rotation of the pendulum drum, to the center of gravity can be made shorter. As a result, when the pendulum drum oscillates, the amplitude of the oscillation of the pendulum drum tends to increase, but the period of the oscillation of the pendulum drum can be made longer. As a result, the operator of the construction machinery will be able to operate the construction machinery (attachment) while watching the pendulum drum, which swings at a longer period than before, and will feel less fatigued than if they were to operate the construction machinery (attachment) while watching the pendulum drum, which swings at a shorter period. Furthermore, if the pendulum drum is swinging over a long period, the operator can easily determine the center of the swing. Therefore, even if the pendulum drum is not stopped, it is easy to grasp the rotational state of the pendulum drum relative to the anti-sway drum, and the tilted state of the attachment can be easily grasped.

[0021] In the first or second configuration, a dummy drum having a side surface with substantially the same diameter as a side surface of the cylindrical member constituting the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum; the dummy drum is substantially coaxial with the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum, and is detachable from the support portion so as to cover a portion of the support portion; the steady-stop drum has a reference identification portion for identifying a reference position in the initial setting posture, the pendulum drum has a rotation position identification portion for identifying the tilt state of the attachment relative to the reference position, the dummy drum has a second reference identification portion for identifying a reference position in the initial setting posture, The reference identification portion, the rotation position identification portion, and the second reference identification portion may have at least one visual feature selected from a substantially identical design, mark, and logo (third configuration).

[0022] According to the above configuration, the dummy drum is approximately coaxial with the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum, and is detachably attached to the support portion so as to cover a portion of the support portion. Therefore, when the dummy drum is attached to the attachment of the construction machine, it can be attached while reducing the amount of protrusion from the attachment. Furthermore, the reference identifier, the rotation position identifier, and the second reference identifier have at least one visual feature selected from substantially the same design, mark, and logo. The operator can set the attachment to a predetermined initial setting posture by operating the construction machine (attachment) so that the positions of the reference identification part, rotation position identification part, and second reference identification part, which have approximately the same visual characteristics, are aligned. By aligning the positions of the substantially identical reference identifier, rotation position identifier, and second reference identifier, the operator can obtain a visual sense of stability and a sense of accomplishment in operating the construction machine. This reduces the operator's fatigue from operating the construction machine and allows him to concentrate on operating the construction machine.

[0023] In any one of the first to third configurations, The support portion is a first support portion extending axially from the first end portion to the second end portion; a second support portion attached between the first end and the second end of the first support portion and supporting the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum; the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are supported by the second support portion, the first support portion is attached to an upper portion of the attachment so that an imaginary vertical line extending from a lower end portion of the attachment coincides with an axial direction of the first support portion; Furthermore, a reflecting section that retroreflects light waves emitted from the surveying instrument may be attached to the second end of the first support section (fourth configuration).

[0024] According to the above configuration, the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are attached to the attachment via the first support part and the second support part, and a reflecting part that retroreflects light waves emitted from the surveying instrument is attached to the upper part of the first support part. Therefore, not only can the tilt state of the attachment be grasped using the anti-sway drum and pendulum drum, but the position of the lower end of the attachment can also be measured remotely using the surveying device and reflector. This makes it possible to support relatively simple ICT construction.

[0025] A construction support system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A tilt state display device having any one of the first to fourth configurations; a surveying instrument that performs surveying by emitting a light wave and receiving the light wave reflected by a reflecting portion provided on the tilt state display device; and a portable information terminal that calculates the position of the lower end of the attachment of the construction machine based on the surveying results transmitted from the surveying device and displays the calculation results (fifth configuration).

[0026] According to the above configuration, the position of the lower end of the attachment is remotely measured by the surveying device and the reflecting unit, and the portable information terminal calculates the position of the lower end of the attachment of the construction machine and displays the calculation result. This makes it possible to support relatively simple ICT construction using a system that uses a tilt status display device.

[0027] [Embodiment 1] A tilt status display device 100 and a construction support system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The same or corresponding parts in the drawings are designated by the same reference numerals, and their description will not be repeated. To facilitate understanding of the description, the drawings referred to below show simplified or schematic configurations, and some components are omitted. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios between components shown in each drawing do not necessarily represent actual dimensional ratios.

[0028] In the following figures, arrow F indicates the forward direction of the tilt status display device 100, arrow B indicates the backward direction, arrow U indicates the upward direction, arrow D indicates the downward direction, arrow R indicates the rightward direction, and arrow L indicates the leftward direction.

[0029] The tilt state display device 100 (see FIG. 1) is attached to an attachment 350 of a construction machine 300, and displays the tilt state of the attachment 350 relative to an arbitrary initial set position PA1 of the attachment 350 (see FIGS. 9 and 11).

[0030] Examples of the construction machine 300 include excavation machines called backhoes, hydraulic shovels, power shovels, etc., but are not limited to these.

[0031] The attachment 350 of the construction machine 300 is selected from a variety of attachments depending on the intended use of the construction machine 300. Examples of the attachment 350 include an excavation bucket 360 and a slope bucket 370 (see Figures 9 and 13). The excavation bucket 360 is used, for example, to excavate earth and sand. The slope bucket 370 has a flat bottom and is used to create slopes (flat slopes) in civil engineering work. The attachment 350 to which the tilt state display device 100 is attached is not limited to the excavation bucket 360 and the slope bucket 370, and may be another type of bucket, or may be something other than a bucket depending on the intended use of the construction machine 300.

[0032] [Overall configuration] First, the overall configuration of the tilt state display device 100 will be described. Fig. 1 is a front view of the tilt state display device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the tilt state display device 100. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the tilt state display device 100 has a support portion 10, an anti-vibration drum 30, and a pendulum drum 40. The tilt state display device 100 also has a detachable dummy drum 50 (see Figs. 3, 4, and 5).

[0033] The support part 10 supports the anti-sway drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40, and also functions to attach the tilt state display device 100 to an attachment 350 of the construction machine 300. The support part 10 has a first support part 11 and a second support part 12.

[0034] The first support part 11 is made up of a pole-shaped member and is used when the tilt state display device 100 is installed upright on top of the attachment 350 (see FIG. 13).

[0035] The second support part 12 is clamp-shaped and includes a holding part 121, a mounting bolt 122, and a connecting body 123. The holding part 121 is generally U-shaped in plan view, with a portion of the first support part 11 or the attachment 350 inserted into the internal gap. In this state, by tightening the mounting bolt 122, the second support part 12 can clamp the first support part 11 or the attachment 350. One end of the connecting body 123 is attached to the side surface of the holding part 121, and the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 are attached to the other end via a shaft part 61.

[0036] The second support part 12 clamps the first support part 11, thereby enabling the tilt state display device 100 to be attached to the attachment 350 of the construction machine 300 via the first support part 11 (see FIGS. 12 and 13). In addition, the tilt state display device 100 can also be attached directly to the attachment 350 by directly clamping the attachment 350 with the second support part 12 without using the first support part 11 (see FIGS. 9 and 10).

[0037] The anti-vibration drum 30 is supported by the support part 10 via a shaft part 61. The anti-vibration drum 30 indicates a reference position in the initial setting position PA1 (see FIG. 9) of the attachment 350. The anti-vibration drum 30 is configured as a bottomed cylindrical member having a bottom part 31 at one end and an open part 32 at the other end (see FIG. 6). A cylindrical side part 33 extends from the bottom part 31 toward the open part 32.

[0038] A reference identification part 35 for identifying a reference position in the initial setting position PA1 is provided on the side part 33 of the anti-sway drum 30. The anti-sway drum 30 is supported by the support part 10 so that it will not rotate freely even if the tilt state of the attachment 350 changes, but it can be manually rotated around the shaft part 61 to match the initial setting position PA1 of the attachment 350 so that the reference identification part 35 can be seen by the operator of the construction machine 300.

[0039] The pendulum drum 40 is rotatable relative to the anti-sway drum 30, and indicates the tilt state of the attachment 350 relative to the initial setting position PA1 of the attachment 350. The pendulum drum 40 is composed of a bottomed cylindrical member having a bottom 41 at one end and an open portion 42 at the other end (see FIG. 6). A cylindrical side portion 43 extends from the bottom portion 41 toward the open portion 42. The outer diameter of the side portion 43 of the pendulum drum 40 is set to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the side portion 33 of the anti-sway drum 30. The anti-sway drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 are arranged with the open portions 32 and 42 facing each other.

[0040] A rotation position identifier 45 is provided on the side surface 43 of the pendulum drum 40 to identify the tilt state of the attachment 350 with respect to the initial setup position PA1. The pendulum drum 40 is rotatable about the shaft 61 like a pendulum, and is configured to maintain the same posture relative to the vertical direction even if the tilt state of the attachment 350 changes. Therefore, while operating the construction machine 300 (attachment 350), the operator of the construction machine 300 can determine whether the attachment 350 is in the pre-set initial setup position PA1 from the positional relationship between the reference identifier 35 of the anti-sway drum 30 and the rotation position identifier 45 of the pendulum drum 40.

[0041] Fig. 3 is a front view showing the state in which the dummy drum 50 is attached to the tilt state display device 100. Fig. 4 is a side view showing the state in which the dummy drum 50 is attached to the tilt state display device 100. Fig. 5 is a front view of the tilt state display device 100 with the dummy drum 50 attached. The tilt state display device 100 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 does not have the dummy drum 50 attached, but as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, the dummy drum 50 can be attached to and detached from the tilt state display device 100.

[0042] 3, the dummy drum 50 has a first bottom portion 51 at one end and a second bottom portion 52 at the other end, with a substantially cylindrical side portion 53 provided between the first bottom portion 51 and the second bottom portion 52. The outer diameter of the side portion 53 of the dummy drum 50 is set to be substantially the same as the diameters of the side portions 33 and 43 of the cylindrical members that make up the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40.

[0043] As shown in Fig. 4, the first bottom portion 51 and the second bottom portion 52 of the dummy drum 50 have cutout portions 54, 55 formed by cutting out a portion thereof to form a flat surface. The cutout portion 54 does not have a side surface portion 53 formed therein. Therefore, an opening 56 is formed in the dummy drum 50 by the cutout portions 54, 55. Furthermore, the first bottom portion 51 and the second bottom portion 52 have substantially U-shaped groove portions 57, 58 formed therein, respectively. The groove portions 57, 58 are formed so as to reach the center positions of the first bottom portion 51 and the second bottom portion 52, respectively.

[0044] Returning to Figure 3, the dummy drum 50 is approximately coaxial with the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40, and is detachably attached to the support part 10 so as to cover a part of the support part 10. Specifically, the first bottom part 51 is inserted into the gap between the connector 123 and the anti-vibration drum 30 so as to straddle the shaft part 61 at the groove part 57. The second bottom part 52 is attached so as to straddle the shaft part 61 at the groove part 58. The side surface portion 53 of the dummy drum 50 is provided with a second reference identification portion 59 for identifying the reference position in the initial setting attitude PA1.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 5 , when the dummy drum 50 is attached, the anti-vibration drum 30, the pendulum drum 40, and the dummy drum 50, which are cylindrical members of approximately the same diameter, are arranged approximately coaxially on the shaft portion 61. In this embodiment, the reference indicator 35, the rotation position indicator 45, and the second reference indicator 59 have at least one visual feature selected from a substantially identical design, mark, and logo. While the design, mark, and logo are not limited, it is preferable to select a design that gives the operator of the construction machine 300 a sense of accomplishment by aligning the reference indicator 35, the rotation position indicator 45, and the second reference indicator 59 horizontally. In this embodiment, designs reminiscent of gaming machines are selected for the reference indicator 35, the rotation position indicator 45, and the second reference indicator 59. Since the dummy drum 50 cannot be rotated around the shaft 61, the second reference identification portion 59 may be formed from a removable seal or the like, and the second reference identification portion 59 may be detached to adjust its position and aligned next to the reference identification portion 35.

[0046] Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the tilt state display device 100. Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the tilt state display device 100. The dummy drum 50 is not shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 6, the anti-vibration drum 30 is provided with a support plate 36, a bearing portion 37, and a restricting portion 38 on the inner surface of the bottom portion 31.

[0048] The support plate 36 is attached to the inner surface of the bottom portion 31 by fastening means such as rivets. The bearing portion 37 is attached by penetrating the bottom portion 31 and the support plate 36 so as to be perpendicular to the bottom portion 31 at the center position of the bottom portion 31. A through hole 371 is formed inside the bearing portion 37, through which the shaft portion 61 is inserted. A screw groove 372 is formed in the portion protruding outward from the bottom portion 31.

[0049] The restricting portion 38 is erected on the inner surface of the bottom portion 31 so as to be perpendicular to the support plate 36. Two restricting portions 38 are provided, and restrict the rotation range of the moving portion 48 provided on the pendulum drum 40 within a predetermined range (see FIG. 8).

[0050] The pendulum drum 40 is provided with a support plate 46, a bearing portion 47, a moving portion 48, and a weight portion 49 on the inner surface side of the bottom portion 41.

[0051] The support plate 46 is attached to the inner surface of the bottom portion 41 by fastening means such as rivets. The bearing portion 47 is attached by penetrating the bottom portion 41 and the support plate 46 so as to be perpendicular to the bottom portion 41 at the center position of the bottom portion 41. A through hole 471 is formed inside the bearing portion 47, through which the shaft portion 61 is inserted.

[0052] The moving part 48 is provided on the inner surface of the bottom part 31 so as to be perpendicular to the support plate 36. There is one moving part 48, which moves in an arc-shaped trajectory as the pendulum drum 40 rotates. The rotation range of the moving part 48 is limited to a predetermined rotation range by abutting against two restricting parts 38 provided on the anti-vibration drum 30 (see Figure 8).

[0053] The weight 49 is provided to adjust the position of the center of gravity of the pendulum drum 40 relative to the shaft 61. Specifically, the position of the center of gravity of the pendulum drum 40 is set to be below the shaft 61 so that the pendulum drum 40 rotates relative to the shaft 61 like a pendulum and maintains the same posture relative to the vertical direction even if the tilt state of the attachment 350 changes.

[0054] Here, weight 49 is provided below bearing 47 (shaft 61), and moving part 48 is provided above bearing 47 (shaft 61). Therefore, compared to when weight 49 and moving part 48 are both provided below bearing 47 (shaft 61), the distance from shaft 61, which is the rotation center of pendulum drum 40, to the center of gravity can be made shorter. As a result, when swinging of pendulum drum 40 occurs, the amplitude of the swing of pendulum drum 40 tends to increase, but the swing period of pendulum drum 40 can be made longer.

[0055] The shaft 61 supports the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 so that they can rotate on the same axis. The shaft 61 has an outer diameter and length that allows it to be inserted into the bearing 37 of the anti-vibration drum 30 and the bearing 47 of the pendulum drum 40. In this embodiment, a bolt is used as the shaft 61.

[0056] 6 and 7, the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 are arranged with the open portions 32 and 42 facing each other. At this time, the moving portion 48 of the pendulum drum 40 is positioned between the two restricting portions 38 of the anti-vibration drum 30 (see FIG. 8).

[0057] With the shaft 61 inserted through the bearing 37 of the anti-vibration drum 30 and the bearing 47 of the pendulum drum 40, nuts 63, 63 are screwed onto the tip of the shaft 61. The nuts 63, 63 are fixed to the tip of the shaft 61 as a double nut. The shaft 61 and nuts 63, 63 are fastened together with an appropriate amount of slack between the bearing 37 of the anti-vibration drum 30 and the bearing 47 of the pendulum drum 40 so that the pendulum drum 40 can rotate freely relative to the anti-vibration drum 30.

[0058] The anti-vibration drum 30 and pendulum drum 40 are attached to the second support part 12. The thread groove 372 of the bearing part 37 protruding outward from the anti-vibration drum 30 and the nuts 63, 63 threaded onto the tip of the shaft part 61 are inserted, via a washer 65, into a mounting hole 124 provided in the connecting body 123 of the second support part 12. A nut 68 is threaded into the thread groove 372 via a washer 66 and a spring washer 67. The nut 68 is tightened with an appropriate amount of slack so that the position of the anti-vibration drum 30 can be manually rotated to match the initial setting position PA1 of the attachment 350.

[0059] Figure 8 is a side view showing the rotation range of the pendulum drum 40 relative to the anti-vibration drum 30. As shown in Figure 8, the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 are arranged so that the moving part 48 of the pendulum drum 40 is located between the two regulating parts 38 of the anti-vibration drum 30. The moving part 48 moves in an arc-shaped trajectory as the pendulum drum 40 rotates. The rotation range of the moving part 48 is limited to a predetermined rotation range by abutting against the two regulating parts 38 provided on the anti-vibration drum 30. As a result, the rotation range of the pendulum drum 40 relative to the anti-vibration drum 30 is limited to the range of a predetermined angle α1.

[0060] [Using the tilt status indicator] Next, the procedure for using the inclination state display device 100 will be described. Fig. 9 is a side view showing the inclination state display device 100 attached to the attachment 350 (slope bucket 370). Fig. 10 is a front view showing the inclination state display device 100 attached to the attachment 350 (slope bucket 370). Fig. 11 is a side view showing the state in which work is being performed using the inclination state display device 100.

[0061] First, a description will be given of the general configuration of the construction machine 300 to which the attachment 350 is attached. The construction machine 300 shown in Figure 11 is a power shovel, and is equipped with a lower traveling body 310, an upper rotating body 320, a working arm 330, and a driver's cab 340.

[0062] The lower traveling body 310 has an endless track device 312. The endless track device 312 is a device for traveling by circulating tracks with drive wheels.

[0063] The upper rotating body 320 is supported so as to be rotatable relative to the lower traveling body 310. The upper rotating body 320 is driven to rotate relative to the lower traveling body 310 by a rotating device equipped with a hydraulic actuator.

[0064] The work arm 330 is an articulated arm that extends from the upper rotating body 320 and can bend and extend. An attachment 350 is attached to the tip of the work arm 330. The work arm 330 operates under hydraulic control, changing the direction and position of the attachment 350. The work arm 330 has a boom 331 and an arm 333.

[0065] The boom 331 is supported so as to be able to rise and fall on the front side of the upper rotating body 320. The boom 331 can be raised and lowered by a boom cylinder 341, which is a hydraulic actuator.

[0066] The arm 333 is connected to the tip of the boom 331 so as to be swingable up and down. The arm 333 is swingable by an arm cylinder 343, which is a hydraulic actuator.

[0067] The attachment 350 is connected to the tip of the arm 333 so as to be swingable up and down. A link member 338 is also connected to the attachment 350. The tip of the bucket cylinder 345 is connected to the link member 338.

[0068] The boom 331, arm 333, and attachment 350 can be raised and lowered by a boom cylinder 341, an arm cylinder 343, and a bucket cylinder 345, respectively. This allows the bucket cylinder 345 to be operated to change the inclination state. Furthermore, the boom 331, arm 333, and attachment 350 are rotated in the horizontal direction by rotating the upper rotating body 320 relative to the lower traveling body 310 using a rotating device.

[0069] The operator's cab 340 is provided in the upper rotating body 320. An operator OP1 sits in the operator's cab 340 and operates the operating devices in the operator's cab 340 to perform travel operations for the lower traveling body 310, rotation operations for the upper rotating body 320, drive operations for the work arm 330, operation of the attachment 350, and the like.

[0070] In this embodiment, a slope bucket 370 is attached as the attachment 350. The slope bucket 370 has a flat bottom surface 373 and is used to create a slope (flat slope) in civil engineering work.

[0071] 9 and 10, the tilt state display device 100 is attached to the slope facing bucket 370. The tilt state display device 100 can be attached to the attachment 350 by clamping the attachment 350 with the second support part 12. The tilt state display device 100 is attached to a position where the operator OP1 in the operator's cab 340 can see the tilt state display device 100, such as the left side 371 or right side 372 of the slope facing bucket 370. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the tilt state display device 100 is attached to the left side 371 of the slope facing bucket 370. As shown in FIG. 10, a dummy drum 50 is also attached to the tilt state display device 100.

[0072] Next, the setting of the slope state display device 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, first, the work arm 330 is operated to adjust the slope state of the slope bucket 370 so that the bottom surface 373 of the slope bucket 370 has the desired slope gradient. A slope gradient is the gradient of a slope such as an embankment or cut. A slope gradient is generally expressed as a ratio of the base to the height, such as "1:0.8." In FIG. 9, the slope state of the slope bucket 370 is adjusted so that the angle θ1 of the bottom surface 373 with respect to the horizontal plane (ground surface GL) is 45 degrees, corresponding to a slope gradient of "1:1.0." This state is referred to as the initial setting attitude PA1 of the slope bucket 370. The initial setting attitude PA1 is not limited to the slope gradient of "1:1.0," and any slope gradient can be selected.

[0073] In this state, after the pendulum drum 40 has come to a standstill, manually rotate the anti-vibration drum 30 so that the height of the reference identifier 35 on the anti-vibration drum 30 matches the height of the rotation position identifier 45 on the pendulum drum 40. Then, confirm that the rotation range of the pendulum drum 40 is equal in both the up and down directions relative to the anti-vibration drum 30. This completes the setup of the tilt state display device 100. Furthermore, if necessary, adjust the position of the second reference identifier 59 on the dummy drum 50 so that it matches the height of the reference identifier 35.

[0074] During slope finishing work using the construction machine 300, if the inclination state of the slope bucket 370 changes, the inclination state display device 100 tilts together with the slope bucket 370. On the other hand, the pendulum drum 40 is rotatable like a pendulum, and maintains the same posture relative to the vertical direction even if the inclination state of the slope bucket 370 changes. As a result, to the operator OP1 in the cab 340, it appears as if the reference identifier 35 of the anti-sway drum 30 and the second reference identifier 59 of the dummy drum 50 are moving upward or downward relative to the rotation position identifier 45 of the pendulum drum 40.

[0075] For example, when the inclination angle of the slope bucket 370 becomes shallower (the angle θ1 decreases in FIG. 9), the pendulum drum 40 remains vertical (the rotation position identifier 45 of the pendulum drum 40 faces the cab 340), so the reference identifier 35 of the anti-sway drum 30 and the second reference identifier 59 of the dummy drum 50 appear to move upward. Conversely, when the inclination angle of the slope bucket 370 becomes deeper (the angle θ1 increases in FIG. 9), the pendulum drum 40 remains vertical (the rotation position identifier 45 of the pendulum drum 40 faces the cab 340), so the reference identifier 35 of the anti-sway drum 30 and the second reference identifier 59 of the dummy drum 50 appear to move downward.

[0076] Therefore, the operator OP1 of the construction machine 300 can grasp the inclination state of the slope bucket 370 with respect to the initial setting attitude PA1 of the slope bucket 370 from the change in position and movement direction of the reference identifier 35 and the dummy drum 50 with respect to the rotation position identifier 45. Then, by operating the construction machine 300 (slope bucket 370) so as to align the positions of the reference identifier 35 and the dummy drum 50 with respect to the rotation position identifier 45, finishing work on the slope can be performed with the desired slope gradient.

[0077] [Effects of the First Embodiment] According to the present embodiment described above, the tilt state display device 100, which is composed of two cylindrical members, the anti-sway drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40, can perform the same function as a conventional shovel angle indicator composed of three cylinders. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of protrusion from the attachment 350 when attached to the attachment 350 of the construction machine 300, and also makes it easy to set up the display of the tilt state of the attachment 350. Furthermore, since the tilt state display device 100 can be made lighter, the operability when attaching or detaching it to or from the attachment 350 can be improved.

[0078] The pendulum drum 40 of the tilt state display device 100 has a weight 49 provided below the bearing 47 (shaft 61) and a moving part 48 provided above the bearing 47 (shaft 61). Therefore, the distance from the shaft 61, which is the rotation center of the pendulum drum 40, to the center of gravity can be made shorter compared to when both the weight 49 and the moving part 48 are provided below the shaft 61. As a result, when the pendulum drum 40 oscillates, the amplitude of the oscillation of the pendulum drum 40 tends to increase, but the period of the oscillation of the pendulum drum 40 can be made longer. As a result, the operator OP1 of the construction machine 300 operates the construction machine 300 (attachment 350) while watching the pendulum drum 40, which swings at a longer period than before, and this reduces fatigue compared to when operating the construction machine 300 (attachment 350) while watching the pendulum drum swinging at a shorter period. Furthermore, when the pendulum drum 40 is swinging over a long period, the operator OP1 can easily determine the center of the swing. Therefore, even if the pendulum drum 40 is not stopped, it is easy to grasp the rotational state of the pendulum drum 40 relative to the anti-sway drum 30, and the tilted state of the attachment 350 can be easily grasped.

[0079] The dummy drum 50 of the tilt state display device 100 is approximately coaxial with the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 and is detachably attached to the support part 10 so as to cover a part of the support part 10 . Therefore, when the dummy drum 50 is attached to the attachment 350 of the construction machine 300, the amount of protrusion of the dummy drum 50 from the attachment 350 can be reduced. Furthermore, the reference identification portion 35, the rotation position identification portion 45, and the second reference identification portion 59 have at least one visual feature selected from substantially the same design, mark, and logo. The operator OP1 can place the attachment 350 in a predetermined initial setting position PA1 by operating the construction machine 300 (attachment 350) so that the positions of the reference identification part 35, the rotation position identification part 45, and the second reference identification part 59, which have approximately the same visual characteristics, are aligned. By aligning the positions of the approximately identical reference identification portion 35, rotation position identification portion 45, and second reference identification portion 59, the operator OP1 can gain a sense of visual stability and a sense of accomplishment in operating the construction machine 300. This makes it possible for the operator OP1 to concentrate on operating the construction machine 300 without feeling fatigued by the operation of the construction machine 300.

[0080] [Embodiment 2] Next, a tilt state display device 100A and a construction support system 200 according to a second embodiment will be described.

[0081] FIG. 12 is a front view showing a state in which a reflector 80 is attached to a support 10 of a tilt state display device 100A according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the support 10 has a first support 11 and a second support 12. The first support 11 is used to erect the tilt state display device 100A on top of an attachment 350. The first support 11 is formed of a pole-shaped member and extends in the axial direction from a first end 111 to a second end 112. The anti-vibration drum 30, the pendulum drum 40, and the dummy drum 50 are attached between the first end 111 and the second end 112 of the first support 11 via the second support 12.

[0082] Stud bolts 113 and 114 are fixed to the first end 111 and the second end 112 of the first support part 11, respectively.

[0083] The stud bolt 113 at the first end 111 can be screwed into a fixing part 15 fixed to an attachment 350 of the construction machine 300, thereby attaching the first support part 11 to the attachment 350. A reflecting part 80 can be attached to the stud bolt 114 at the second end 112. The reflecting part 80 includes a prism 81 that retroreflects light waves emitted from the surveying device (total station) 250 (see FIG. 14).

[0084] 13 is a side view showing the state in which the tilt state display device 100A equipped with the reflecting portion 80 is attached to the attachment 350 (excavation bucket 360). As shown in FIG. 13, the tilt state display device 100A is attached via a fixing portion 15 fixed to the upper part of the excavation bucket 360.

[0085] Here, the first support part 11 is attached to the upper part of the excavation bucket 360 so that an imaginary vertical line L1 extending from the lower end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 coincides with the axial direction of the first support part 11.

[0086] Furthermore, in this state, the height from the lower end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 to the center position of the reflecting part 80 is accurately measured. In Fig. 13, the lower end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 is brought into contact with the ground surface GL, and the height from the ground surface GL to the center position of the reflecting part 80 is defined as H1.

[0087] 14 is a diagram showing a construction support system 200 using a tilt state display device 100A according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. The construction support system 200 includes the tilt state display device 100A, a surveying device 250, and a mobile information terminal 260.

[0088] The surveying instrument 250 is a known total station. The surveying instrument 250 performs surveying by emitting light waves and receiving the light waves reflected by a reflecting section 80 provided in the tilt state display device 100A.

[0089] Specifically, light waves for measuring horizontal distance, vertical distance, and angle are emitted from the surveying device 250, and are incident on the prism 81 of the reflecting unit 80, where the light waves are retroreflected in parallel. The surveying device 250 detects the retroreflected light waves, measures the horizontal distance, vertical distance, and angle to the reflecting unit 80, and calculates the position coordinates of the reflecting unit 80. The surveying device 250 transmits the calculated measurement results to the mobile information terminal 260 via a wireless communication network (not shown).

[0090] The portable information terminal 260 calculates the position of the lower end of the attachment 350 of the construction machine 300 based on the surveying results transmitted from the surveying device 250, and displays the calculation results.

[0091] The information processing unit of the portable information terminal 260 calculates the position coordinates of the bottom end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 based on the received measurement results of the reflecting unit 80 and the height H1 from the bottom end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 to the center position of the reflecting unit 80, which has been input in advance. The position coordinates of the bottom end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 become the position coordinates of the current construction point GP1 during construction.

[0092] Furthermore, the mobile information terminal 260 stores planned height data on the design drawings in advance. Then, based on the planned height data on the design drawings and the position coordinates of the lower end (cutting edge) 361 of the excavation bucket 360 (position coordinates of the construction point GP1), the difference between the planned height on the design drawings and the height of the ground during construction is calculated. The calculated result is displayed on the display unit of the mobile information terminal 260. This allows the operator OP1 of the construction machine 300 to perform construction while referring to the result displayed on the mobile information terminal 260.

[0093] [Effects of the second embodiment] According to the present embodiment described above, the anti-vibration drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40 are attached to the attachment 350 via the first support part 11 and the second support part 12, and a reflecting part 80 that retroreflects the light waves emitted from the surveying instrument 250 is attached to the upper part of the first support part 11. Therefore, not only can the tilt state of the attachment 350 be grasped using the anti-sway drum 30 and the pendulum drum 40, but the position of the lower end of the attachment 350 can also be measured remotely using the surveying device 250 and the reflecting unit 80. This makes it possible to support relatively simple ICT construction.

[0094] The position of the lower end of the attachment 350 is remotely measured by the surveying device 250 and the reflecting unit 80, and the portable information terminal 260 calculates the position of the lower end of the attachment 350 of the construction machine 300 and displays the calculation result. As a result, a system using the tilt state display device 100A can support relatively simple ICT construction.

[0095] [Variations] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described embodiments are merely examples for carrying out the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described embodiments can be appropriately modified and carried out without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0096] For example, the shapes of the anti-vibration drum, pendulum drum, and dummy drum, and the configuration of the support part are not limited to those in the embodiments, and the reference identifier, rotation position identifier, and second reference identifier displayed on the anti-vibration drum, pendulum drum, and dummy drum are also not limited to those in the embodiments.

[0097] In the first and second embodiments, a dummy drum is attached to the tilt state display device, but the tilt state display device may be used without attaching a dummy drum. [Industrial Applicability]

[0098] The present invention is applicable to an inclination state display device that is attached to an attachment of a construction machine and displays the inclination state of the attachment relative to any initial setting posture of the attachment, and to a construction support system that uses the inclination state display device. [Explanation of symbols]

[0099] 100 Tilt status display device 10 Support part 30 Anti-vibration drum 38 Regulatory Department 40 Pendulum Drum 48 Mobile Unit 300 Construction Machinery 350 Attachment PA1 Initial setting position

Claims

1. An inclination state display device that is attached to an attachment of a construction machine and displays an inclination state of the attachment relative to an arbitrary initial setting posture of the attachment, a support part attached to the attachment; a steady drum supported by the support portion and indicating a reference position in the initial setting posture; a pendulum drum that is rotatable relative to the anti-sway drum and indicates the tilt state of the attachment relative to the reference position; Equipped with The anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are each formed of a cylindrical member having a bottom at one end and an open portion at the other end, and are arranged with their open portions facing each other, the pendulum drum has a moving part that protrudes toward the anti-vibration drum and moves in accordance with the rotation of the pendulum drum, The anti-vibration drum has a regulating portion that abuts against the moving portion to regulate the rotation range of the pendulum drum within a predetermined range. Tilt status indicator.

2. a shaft portion that supports the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum so that they can rotate coaxially; The pendulum drum has a weight portion provided below the shaft portion and the moving portion provided above the shaft portion. The tilt status indicator according to claim 1 .

3. a dummy drum having a side surface with substantially the same diameter as a side surface of the cylindrical member constituting the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum; the dummy drum is substantially coaxial with the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum, and is detachable from the support portion so as to cover a portion of the support portion; the steady-stop drum has a reference identification portion for identifying a reference position in the initial setting posture, the pendulum drum has a rotation position identification portion for identifying the tilt state of the attachment relative to the reference position, the dummy drum has a second reference identification portion for identifying a reference position in the initial setting posture, the reference identification portion, the rotation position identification portion, and the second reference identification portion have at least one visual feature selected from a substantially identical design, a mark, and a logo; The tilt status indicator according to claim 1 .

4. The support portion is a first support portion extending axially from the first end toward the second end; a second support portion attached between the first end and the second end of the first support portion and supporting the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum; the anti-vibration drum and the pendulum drum are supported by the second support portion, the first support portion is attached to an upper portion of the attachment such that an imaginary vertical line extending from a lower end portion of the attachment coincides with an axial direction of the first support portion; Furthermore, a reflecting section that retroreflects light waves emitted from the surveying instrument is attached to the second end of the first support section. The tilt status indicator according to claim 1 .

5. The tilt state display device according to claim 4; a surveying instrument that performs surveying by emitting a light wave and receiving the light wave reflected by a reflecting portion provided on the tilt state display device; and a portable information terminal that calculates the position of the lower end of the attachment of the construction machine based on the surveying results transmitted from the surveying device and displays the calculation results. Construction support system.

Images