Lightweight embankment wall materials and lightweight embankment structures

Abstract

To provide a wall surface material for lightweight banking and a lightweight banking structure excellent in handleability and workability, and capable of preventing contamination on a protection panel by sewage.SOLUTION: A lightweight banking structure uses a wall surface material 40 for lightweight banking provided with a lightweight block 20 and a protection panel 30, wherein the protection panel 30 comprises a coverable panel body 31 abutting an exposed front surface 21 of a light weight block 20 and is provided with at least a concave type engagement part formed in a lateral edge of an upper part of the panel body and a convex type engagement part formed on a lateral edge of a lower part of the panel body to allow a drain groove having continuity between peripheral edge surfaces of adjacent panel bodies.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a lightweight embankment wall material and a lightweight embankment structure in which a plurality of lightweight blocks (made of foamed resin, etc.) are stacked in layers to construct a lightweight embankment. [Background technology]

[0002] Lightweight embankments, which are constructed by stacking multiple lightweight blocks, are widely known as an alternative structure to embankment soil. When the lightweight blocks are stacked to a height of 3m, a concrete floor slab is placed between them to distribute the load.

[0003] Leaving the sides of stacked lightweight blocks exposed can cause various problems (damage to the lightweight blocks, deterioration of the landscape, deterioration by ultraviolet rays, etc.), so heavy machinery is used to erect multiple H-beam or other supports on the sides of the lightweight embankment, and precast wall panels are fitted between adjacent supports to create a protective wall structure (Patent Document 1).

[0004] It is also known to position wall materials, which are wall panels integrally attached to the sides of lightweight blocks without using supports, on the outer surface of a lightweight embankment structure. The wall panels that make up the wall material are made of various hard materials (metal, resin, cement board, etc.) and are previously integrated onto the sides of the lightweight blocks using various attachment means.

[0005] Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which a number of fitting members having dovetail grooves are combined with positioning plates as a means for connecting a lightweight block and a wall panel.

[0006] When constructing lightweight embankment structures, compressive deformation (compression creep) occurs in each stacked lightweight block due to the load. The height of the wall panels is set slightly smaller than that of the lightweight blocks so that the wall panels do not interfere with each other when the lightweight blocks are compressed and deformed. Furthermore, if joint spaces are formed between the top and bottom of the wall panels before the lightweight blocks are compressed and deformed, an expandable joint material can be inserted into these joint spaces to prevent ultraviolet degradation of the lightweight blocks while maintaining the appearance of the wall structure. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-209999 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-40234 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-169764 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Conventional lightweight embankment structures have inherent problems in terms of appearance and construction. The appearance problems of conventional lightweight embankment structures are as follows: <1> Conventional lightweight embankment structures have a vertical drainage layer formed on the back side of the lightweight embankment, but some of the water that flows down the drainage layer seeps out onto the surface of the wall panel via the concrete deck. Furthermore, rainwater accumulated on the road, soil and sand from roadbed materials, and efflorescence from the upper concrete structure overflow onto the side of the road surface as muddy water. Conventional wall structures that simply consist of multiple wall panels lined up are primarily intended to protect the lightweight blocks, and since no special drainage measures are in place, seepage and runoff water that flows onto the surface of the wall panels spreads across the multiple panels as it flows down, leaving stains on the surface of the wall panels. <2> The types of stains that can appear on wall panels include not only black mold and moss, but also white efflorescence stains. Regarding the areas where stains occur, not only do stains spread horizontally from the installation position of the concrete slab like a curtain, but if there is a concrete cap on top, thick stains tend to remain in vertical streaks along the extension of the vertical joints of the concrete cap. Removing these stains requires a lot of cost and time, so the stains are left as they are. <3> Lightweight embankment structures undergo regular inspections, but if dirt adheres to the surface of the wall panels, any abnormalities in the wall panels cannot be detected, preventing proper periodic inspections.

[0009] The construction problems with conventional lightweight embankment structures are as follows: <1> In lightweight embankment structures in which wall panels are fitted between pillars, not only are the material costs for the pillars high, but the pillars and wall panels must be constructed using heavy machinery, which increases the cost of erecting the pillars. <2> The wall structure described in Patent Document 2 has a connecting means for fixing the wall material to one lightweight block, which has an extremely large number of components (more than 13 parts), which increases the cost of the connecting means and makes the connecting work time-consuming and labor-intensive. <3> Wall materials may be cut to any shape to suit the construction site. Conventional wall materials, which are made by pre-integrating lightweight blocks and wall panels, are not designed to be cut into any shape on site, and there is very little freedom in changing the shape of the wall materials on site. <4> Even if wall materials in which lightweight blocks and wall panels have been integrated in advance can be cut on site, depending on the cutting position, the integrity of the wall panels and lightweight blocks may be lost, causing the wall material to no longer function after cutting.

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its object is to provide a lightweight embankment wall material and a lightweight embankment structure that can solve the problems mentioned above. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The present invention relates to a lightweight embankment wall material comprising lightweight blocks with rectangular cross sections that are stacked to form a lightweight embankment, and rectangular protective panels that cover the exposed front surfaces of the lightweight blocks, and the protective panels are panel bodies that can come into contact with and cover the exposed front surfaces of the lightweight blocks. and mounting means that protrudes from the upper edge of the rear surface of the panel body and hangs down the protective panel to the front surface of the lightweight block. and Two sets of engagement portions, each consisting of a pair of a convex engagement portion and a concave engagement portion, are formed on the opposing top, bottom, left, and right sides of the panel body, and the convex engagement portion and the concave engagement portion have a crank-shaped cross section that can be interlocked with each other, and when a plurality of the protection panels are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, drainage grooves having continuity can be formed between the opposing portions of the convex engagement portion and the concave engagement portion formed on the opposing top, bottom, left, and right sides of the adjacent panel bodies. . In another aspect of the present invention, the panel body The panel is provided with a concave engaging portion formed on one of the left and right sides and a convex engaging portion formed on the other of the left and right sides of the panel body, and the convex engaging portion and the concave engaging portion, which are shaped like a pair of hooks, are engaged to form a drain groove having a crank-shaped cross section between the convex engaging portion and the concave engaging portion. . In another embodiment of the present invention, a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion having a serrated shape are formed on opposing sides of the periphery of the panel body. In another form of the present invention, the vertical dimensional relationship between the panel body and the lightweight block is such that the top surface of the concave engaging portion formed on the upper edge of the panel body is located above the upper surface of the lightweight block to which the panel body is fixed, and the lower surface of the convex engaging portion formed on the lower edge of the panel body is located above the lower surface of the lightweight block. In another embodiment of the present invention, at least the upper surface on the front side of the recessed engaging portion formed on the upper side of the panel main body is formed to be inclined downwardly toward the rear side of the panel main body. In another aspect of the present invention, the protective panel Mounting means A single or multiple hook plates are provided on the upper edge of the rear surface of the panel body in the thickness direction of the panel body. and The panel body is attached to the lightweight block via the latching claw plate. In another embodiment of the present invention, the panel body is fixed to the front surface of the lightweight block by pinning a hook plate placed on the upper surface of the lightweight block. In another embodiment of the present invention, the panel body is detachable from the latching claw plate. The present invention is a lightweight embankment structure comprising a lightweight embankment formed by stacking a plurality of lightweight blocks with rectangular cross sections and a lightweight embankment wall material consisting of a rectangular protective panel covering the exposed front surface of the lightweight blocks, and using any one of the lightweight embankment wall materials described above, The protective panel has a panel body with a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion formed on each of the opposing upper, lower, left, and right sides thereof so that the convex engaging portion and the concave engaging portion are engaged with each other. Laying ahead Complex number of The aforementioned On the exposed front of the lightweight block via attachment means, multiple protective panels installed on-site hand Exposed front of lightweight block Face to face with Overturn, A horizontal joint groove having a crank-shaped cross section is formed between a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion provided on the upper and lower opposing sides of the adjacent panel bodies, and a vertical joint groove having a crank-shaped cross section is formed between a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion provided on the left and right opposing sides of the adjacent panel bodies, and the horizontal joint groove and the vertical joint groove functioning as drainage grooves have continuity. . [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] The present invention has at least one of the following advantages. <1> The exposed front surface of the lightweight block is covered by attaching the protective panel by human power or the like, eliminating the need for the conventional work of installing posts that are pressed in using heavy machinery and the work of installing wall panels that are fitted between the posts, allowing for economical construction. <2> Through the drainage grooves (vertical joint grooves and horizontal joint grooves) formed continuously around the periphery of multiple protective panels, water that attempts to flow down onto the surface of the protective panels, as well as sewage and other flowing water, can be drained. Therefore, the surface of the protective panel is more effectively prevented from being soiled by flowing water. <3> Since black mold and moss or white efflorescence stains on the surface of the protective panel caused by flowing water can be prevented, cleaning of the surface of the protective panel is not required, which not only significantly reduces maintenance costs but also makes it easier to detect any abnormalities on the surface of the protective panel, allowing for appropriate periodic inspections of the lightweight embankment structure. <4> Since the panel body can be simply constructed by forming at least a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion on the upper and lower horizontal sides thereof, the panel body can be manufactured simply and at low cost. <5> When a hook plate is provided on the protective panel, the protective panel can be positioned by hanging it down from the lightweight block via the hook plate, which makes it easy to install the protective panel on site. <6> By configuring the panel bodies to be detachable from the latching claw plates, when a part of the panel bodies is damaged or deteriorated, it can be easily replaced with a new panel body. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a lightweight embankment structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] In the explanatory diagram of the wall material, (A) is a perspective view of the lightweight blocks and protective panel that make up the wall material, and (B) is a perspective view of the protective panel with its orientation reversed. [Figure 3] A front view of the wall material to explain the dimensional relationship between the lightweight block and the protective panel. [Figure 4] A perspective view of the edge of the lightweight embankment structure with some parts omitted [Figure 5] 5 is an explanatory diagram of the longitudinal seam groove, (A) is a cross-sectional view of the VV in FIG. 4 in which a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion are formed, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of the VV in FIG. 4 in which the convex engaging portion and the concave engaging portion are not formed in the longitudinal seam groove. [Figure 6] Cross section of VI-VI in Figure 4 [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a wall material with a portion of the lightweight block omitted; (A) is an explanatory diagram of a form in which the protective panel has a continuous locking claw plate, and (B) is an explanatory diagram of a form in which the protective panel has multiple locking claw plates. [Figure 8] An explanatory diagram of the construction method for lightweight embankment structures, showing the first stage of construction [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram of the construction method for the lightweight embankment structure. (A) is an explanatory diagram of the second construction step, (B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper edge of the protective panel, and (C) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lower edge of the protective panel. [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram of the lightweight embankment structure with some parts omitted [Figure 11] Assembly diagram of a wall material according to Example 2 of the present invention with a portion cut away [Figure 12] Assembly diagram of a wall material according to Example 3 of the present invention, with a portion cut away DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] [Example 1] <1> Overview of lightweight embankment structure Referring to Figure 1, the present invention is a lightweight embankment structure that does not use supports, and comprises at least a lightweight embankment 10 made up of a plurality of lightweight blocks 20 stacked vertically and horizontally to form a three-dimensional shape, and a protective panel 30 that covers at least one exposed side (front) of the lightweight block 20 located in the exposed portion of the lightweight embankment 10.

[0015] In this example, we will explain a form in which a concrete deck 11, a roadbed 12, a paved surface 13 made of asphalt, etc. are layered on top of the lightweight embankment 10, but the superstructure of the lightweight embankment 10 can be selected appropriately depending on the use of the lightweight embankment structure.

[0016] <2> Lightweight blocks The lightweight block 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped or cube made of polystyrene foam, urethane foam, foam concrete, or the like. In practice, the lightweight block 20 is a flat rectangular parallelepiped (height 0.5 m, width 1.0 m, length (depth) 2.0 m).

[0017] <3> Protective Panel Referring to Figure 2, the protective panel 30 is a protective material for covering the exposed front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20, and is equipped with a rectangular panel body 31 having a front surface 31a and a back surface 31b, and an attachment means for attaching the back surface 31b of the panel body 31 to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20, and is configured so that the wall panel 30 can be attached integrally to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 in face-to-face contact via the attachment means of the panel body 31. In this example, the mounting means of the panel body 31 is described as being one or more hooking claw plates 32 protruding in the thickness direction of the panel body 31 from the upper edge of the back surface 31b of the panel body 31, but any known mounting means can be applied to the panel body 31 as long as it has a structure that allows the back surface 31b of the panel body 31 to be easily attached to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20.

[0018] In the present invention, the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 are not previously integrated in an inseparable manner, but are configured so that the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30, which are separate and independent, can be assembled together on site.

[0019] <3.1> Panel body The panel body 31 is a rectangular plate that can cover the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 . The panel body 31 is made of a hard material such as resin, metal, mortar, or fiber-reinforced cement board, and is made of a material that can be cut out at any position.

[0020] <3.2> Engagement part 3, 5, and 6, a protruding engagement portion 33 and a recessed engagement portion 34 are formed on the left and right vertical sides of the panel main body 31. A protruding engagement portion 33 and a recessed engagement portion 34 are also formed on the top and bottom horizontal sides of the panel main body 31, respectively. The convex engaging portion 33 and the concave engaging portion 34 have cross-sectional shapes that correspond to each other. When engagement portions are provided on the upper and lower horizontal sides of the panel body 31, a convex engagement portion 33 is provided on the lower horizontal side of the panel body 31, and a concave engagement portion 34 is provided on the upper horizontal side of the panel body 31. The protruding portion of the convex engaging portion 33 is formed on the rear surface side of the panel main body 31 , and the protruding portion of the concave engaging portion 34 is formed on the front surface side of the panel main body 31 .

[0021] The convex engaging portion 33 has a protrusion 33a extending in the expansion direction on its back surface 31b side, and the concave engaging portion 34 has a protrusion 34a extending in the expansion direction on its front surface 31a side (Figure 6), and the convex engaging portion 33 and the concave engaging portion 34 are formed in a mutually retractable shape. The term "interlocking" refers to a stepped structure formed on the periphery of two plates of the same shape when they are joined together with a shift in the X and Y directions.

[0022] In this example, we will explain a form in which two sets of engagement portions, each consisting of a pair of convex engagement portion 33 and concave engagement portion 34, are formed on the four sides of the panel main body 31, top, bottom, left, and right, but the left and right vertical sides of the panel main body 31 are not limited to being mutually indented, and they may be a combination of either the convex engagement portion 33 or the concave engagement portion 34, or both engagement portions 33, 34 may be omitted.

[0023] <3.2.1> Vertical and horizontal seam grooves Referring to Figures 4 to 6, when multiple protective panels 30 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, the peripheral edge faces of the protective panels 30 do not come into contact with each other, and the peripheral edge faces of adjacent protective panels 30 are separated by a predetermined distance.

[0024] In other words, when multiple protective panels 30 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, vertical joint grooves 35 and horizontal joint grooves 36 are formed at the opposing portions of the convex engaging portions 33 and concave engaging portions 34 located on the periphery of the protective panels 30.

[0025] <3.2.2> Seam groove The longitudinal joint grooves 35 formed between the longitudinal sides of the protection panels 30 adjacent to each other on the left and right will be described with reference to FIG.

[0026] FIG. 5(A) shows a configuration in which a vertical seam groove 35 having a crank-shaped cross section is formed at the opposing portions of a convex engaging portion 33 and a concave engaging portion 34 located on the side edges of adjacent protection panels 30 on the left and right.

[0027] FIG. 5(B) shows a configuration in which the convex engaging portions 33 and concave engaging portions 34 on the vertical sides of adjacent protection panels 30 are omitted, and vertical seam grooves 35 are formed on the opposing portions of the flat side surfaces 31d of the protection panels 30. When forming a vertical seam groove 35 on the opposing portion of the flat side 31d of the protective panel 30, a soft protective layer 37 having ultraviolet blocking function may be placed at the back of the groove to protect the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 from ultraviolet rays.

[0028] <3.2.3> Horizontal grooves at joints Referring to Figure 6, the joint horizontal groove 36 is a horizontal groove with a crank-shaped cross section formed at the opposing portion of the convex engagement portion 33 and the concave engagement portion 34 located on the side edges of adjacent protective panels 30.

[0029] When arranging the protective panels 30 in the vertical and horizontal directions, the convex engagement portion 33 is positioned on the front side of the upper edge of the panel body 31 located in the lower row (lower position), and the horizontal joint groove 36 is formed as an upward-facing open space.

[0030] The recessed engaging portion 34 is formed on the front side of the panel body 31 because the horizontal seam groove 36 This is to provide the function as a drainage channel, and to regulate the flapping of the lower edge of the panel body 31 located on the upper level (upper) in the direction of panel separation by the convex engagement portion 33 on the upper edge of the panel body 31 located on the lower level (lower).

[0031] <3.3>Latching claw plate Referring to Figure 2, the protective panel 30 has a hook plate 32 for hooking the panel body 31 to the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20, and the panel body 31 is hooked to the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 via the hook plate 32.

[0032] The material of the hook plate 32 is a hard material such as resin, metal, or mortar, and is made of a material that can be cut at any position.

[0033] If the panel body 31 and the hook plate 32 are made of the same material, they are integrated by integral molding, and if the panel body 31 and the hook plate 32 are made of different materials, they are joined together using known joining means such as adhesives or screws.

[0034] Examples of the formation of the hook plate are shown in Figure 7. Figure 7(A) shows a form in which a single hook plate 32 is provided to protrude along the longitudinal direction of the back surface 31b of the panel main body 31, and Figure 7(B) shows a form in which a plurality of hook plates 32 are provided to protrude at intervals from the back surface 31b of the panel main body 31.

[0035] As shown in Figure 7(A), if a continuous hooking claw plate 32 is protruded from the back surface 31b of the panel body 31, even if the panel body 31 is cut at any position together with the lightweight block 20, the panel body 31 can be attached to the lightweight block 20 via the hooking claw plate 32.

[0036] The protection panels 30 shown in FIGS. 7(A) and 7(B) can be used in the following ways. For example, if cutting is planned, a protective panel 30 having a continuous hooking claw plate 32 protruding from a panel main body 31 as shown in Figure 7(A) can be used, and if cutting is not planned, a protective panel 30 having multiple hooking claw plates 32 protruding from a panel main body 31 as shown in Figure 7(B) can be used. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7(B), the intervals and number of the latching claw plates 32 can be selected as appropriate. Although not shown in the drawings, a plurality of protective panels 30 may be installed in parallel on the front surface 21 of one lightweight block 20 .

[0037] <4> Dimensional relationship between lightweight block and panel body The dimensional relationship between the lightweight block 20 and the panel body 31 will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3, if the load does not cause compressive deformation (compressive creep) in the lightweight block 20, the width l1 and height h1 of the back surface 31b of the panel main body 31 are set to be smaller than the width L1 and height H1 of the lightweight block 20 before deformation. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4, when a plurality of protection panels 30 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, vertical joint grooves 35 and horizontal joint grooves 36 are formed on the periphery of the panel body 31.

[0039] Furthermore, if the lightweight block 20 is compressed and deformed in the vertical and horizontal directions due to the applied load, the width l1 and height h1 of the back surface 31b of the panel body 31 can be set to a dimensional relationship that is even smaller than the width L1 and height H1 of the lightweight block 20 before deformation, so that adjacent panel bodies 31 do not interfere with each other.

[0040] FIG. 9 shows the dimensional relationship between the upper and lower surfaces 22, 23 of the lightweight block 20 and the convex engaging portion 33 and the concave engaging portion 34 formed on the upper and lower sides of the panel body 33.

[0041] Figure 9(B) shows the dimensional relationship between the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 and the concave engagement portion 34 formed on the upper edge of the panel main body 33, and the top surface of the concave engagement portion 34 is located above the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 to which the panel main body 33 is fixed. As will be described later, even if a notch 24 is formed in the upper surface 22 of the lower lightweight block 20 to accommodate the hook plate 32, the same dimensional relationship is maintained.

[0042] Figure 9(C) shows the dimensional relationship between the underside 23 of the lightweight block 20 and the convex engaging portion 33 formed on the lower edge of the panel main body 33, and the underside of the convex engaging portion 33 is located above the underside 23 of the lightweight block 20 to which the panel main body 33 is fixed.

[0043] The reason why the dimensional relationship between the convex engaging portion 33 and the concave engaging portion 34 formed on the upper and lower edges of the panel main body 33 relative to the upper and lower surfaces 22, 23 of the lightweight block 20 is set to the above-mentioned dimensional relationship is to prevent water seeping through the upper and lower joining surfaces of the lightweight block 20 from flowing down to the surface 31a of the panel main body 31 by making the position of the upper surface of the concave engaging portion 34 shown in Figure 6 higher than the upper and lower joining surfaces of the lightweight block 20.

[0044] [Construction method for lightweight embankment structures] The construction method for the lightweight embankment structure will be described with reference to Figs.

[0045] 1. First stage construction <1> Delivery of lightweight blocks and protective panels to the site The lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 are carried to the site separately. In the present invention, the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 are not integrated in advance, so the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 can be stored separately and transported to the construction site separately.

[0046] <2> Lightweight block laying work (Figure 8) A first stage of lightweight embankment 10 is constructed by laying a plurality of lightweight blocks 20 on the same plane without any gaps at the site where laying is planned.

[0047] <3> Installation of protective panels (Figure 8) Next, a protective panel 30 is installed on the lightweight block 20 positioned in the exposed position to cover the front surface 21. When installing the protective panel 30, the hooking claw plate 32 of the panel body 31 is placed on the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 and positioned. At this time, the protective panel 30 is oriented such that the convex engaging portion 33 is positioned on the upper horizontal side of the panel main body 31 and the concave engaging portion 34 is positioned on the lower horizontal side of the panel main body 31 .

[0048] <4> Pin fixation (Figure 8) It is possible to simply place the retaining claw plate 32 of the panel body 31 on the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 and position it, but if a pin 38 is driven across the retaining claw plate 32 and the lightweight block 20, the positioning effect of the protective panel 30 will be improved. The fixing operation using the pins 38 is not essential, and the fixing operation using the pins 38 may be omitted.

[0049] In this way, in the present invention, the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 are combined on-site to form the wall material 40.

[0050] 2. Construction from the second level onwards <1> Lightweight block stacking work (Figure 9) The second layer of the lightweight embankment 10 is formed by laying additional lightweight blocks 20 in a staggered pattern on the top surface of the first layer of lightweight blocks 20. When stacking the lightweight blocks 20, known anti-slip connectors are interposed between the upper and lower joint surfaces of the lightweight blocks 20, as in the conventional construction method.

[0051] <2> Installation of protective panels (Figure 9) As with the first tier, a protective panel 30 is installed on the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 of the second tier. At this time, the retaining claw plate 32 of the panel body 31 is placed on the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20, and the pin 38 is driven in to position the protective panel 30 on the front surface 21 of the second lightweight block 20. While stacking the lightweight blocks 20 in this manner, the protective panel 30 is attached to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20. The timing of attaching the protective panel 30 to the lightweight block 20 is not limited to the above-mentioned manner, and the protective panel 30 may be pre-integrated with the lightweight block 20 and then installed at a predetermined position on-site. The timing of attaching the protective panel 30 to the lightweight block 20 can be selected appropriately taking into consideration the conditions at the site, etc.

[0052] If necessary, a fixing pin (not shown) can be driven sideways near the bottom edge of the protection panel 30 to enhance the effect of preventing the bottom edge of the protection panel 30 from flapping.

[0053] When stacking the lightweight blocks 20, a concrete floor slab for load distribution is installed between the lightweight blocks 20 at a predetermined stacking height (3 m), as in the conventional construction method.

[0054] <3> Formation of the notch (Figure 9) When a second lightweight block 20 is placed on top of a first lightweight block 20, the latching claw plate 32 is sandwiched between the blocks, creating a gap between the vertically stacked lightweight blocks 20. Therefore, a part of the lower surface 23 of the second lightweight block 20 or the upper surface 22 of the first lightweight block 20 is cut away to form a notch 24 capable of accommodating the hook plate 32 in advance. By accommodating the hook plates 32 in the notches 24, the lightweight blocks 20 can be stacked one above the other without any gaps. The notch 24 can be easily processed on-site using a simple cutting means such as a hot wire or a cutter. If the cutouts 24 are formed in advance in the lightweight blocks 20, it becomes necessary to use different lightweight blocks 20 at the site, but by processing the cutouts 24 at the site, it becomes unnecessary to use different lightweight blocks 20 at the site.

[0055] The aforementioned work of stacking the lightweight blocks 20 and the work of installing the protective panels 30 are repeated to build a lightweight embankment structure of a predetermined height.

[0056] When the lightweight embankment 10 becomes a high embankment, once the number of lightweight blocks 20 reaches a predetermined number, the lightweight blocks 20 are piled up with a concrete floor slab sandwiched between them for load distribution, as in the conventional construction method.

[0057] As explained above, with the present invention, a lightweight embankment structure can be constructed by the simple task of simply attaching the protective panel 30 to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20, eliminating the need for pillars that are pressed in using heavy machinery or wall panels that are fitted between the pillars, as in conventional construction methods. Therefore, lightweight embankment structures can be constructed economically in a short period of time.

[0058] 3.Cutting of wall materials <1> Individual cutting of lightweight blocks and protective panels (Figure 4) For example, depending on the site conditions, it may be necessary to cut the left and right side edges of the lightweight embankment structure at an angle.

[0059] In the present invention, the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 that constitute the wall material are separate members, so that the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 can be cut separately. The protective panel 30 is cut at a position corresponding to the cutting position of the lightweight block 20, and a cut surface 31c is formed at the cutting position.

[0060] Although FIG. 4 shows a form in which the side edge of the wall material 40 is cut at an acute angle, it is also possible to cut it at an obtuse angle (overhang). Furthermore, the shape of the cut surface 31c is not limited to a straight line, but may be a curved line.

[0061] Compared with conventional wall materials that are pre-assembled inseparably, the lightweight blocks 20 and the protective panels 30 can not only be cut individually, but also each member 20, 30 can be cut at any position and at any angle, which significantly increases the degree of freedom in cutting the wall material 40.

[0062] <2> Individual assembly of cut lightweight blocks and protective panels (Figure 4) As shown in FIG. 7(A), if the hooking claw plates 32 are provided so as to protrude continuously from the panel body 31, the hooking claw plates 32 remain on the panel body 31 even if the protection panel 30 is cut at any position. Therefore, even after cutting, the panel body 31 can be attached to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 via the hooking claw plate 32.

[0063] 4.Lightweight embankment wall structure The plurality of lightweight blocks 20 constituting the lightweight embankment 10 are in contact with each other at their adjacent side faces without any gaps, and the plurality of protective panels 30 cover the front faces 21 of the lightweight blocks 20. A plurality of protective panels 30 covering the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 have four peripheral surfaces adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions spaced apart without contacting each other, and vertical joint grooves 35 and horizontal joint grooves 36 are formed between the opposing peripheral surfaces.

[0064] 5.Drainage path with protective panel As shown in Figure 4, around the multiple protective panels 30 covering the front surface 21 of the lightweight blocks 20 that make up the lightweight embankment 10, vertical joint grooves 35 and horizontal joint grooves 36 that function as drainage paths are formed. Therefore, even if water seeps out from inside the lightweight embankment through the concrete slab or rainwater accumulated on the road turns into muddy water and overflows onto the side of the road surface, the overflowing water or muddy water flows down through the zigzag-shaped joint vertical grooves 35 and joint horizontal grooves 36, and is therefore prevented from flowing down the surface 31a of the panel body 31. Therefore, the occurrence of black mold and moss, white efflorescence, etc. on the surface of the panel body 31 can be effectively prevented, and the surface of the protection panel 30 can be kept clean for a long period of time. In particular, since cleaning work on the surface of the panel body 31 is no longer necessary, not only can maintenance costs be significantly reduced, but any abnormalities on the surface of the panel body 31 can be more easily detected, allowing for appropriate periodic inspections of the lightweight embankment structure.

[0065] 6. Other functions of the protective panel The protective panel 30 not only has the drainage function described above, but also has a protective function of protecting the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 from flying objects, fire, and the like.

[0066] Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the protective panel 30 has the protruding engaging portion 33 and the recessed engaging portion 34 projecting out so that the cross-sectional shapes of the longitudinal seam grooves 35 and the lateral seam grooves 36 have a crank shape. Therefore, the protective panel 30 also has an ultraviolet protection function of protecting the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 located at the back of the longitudinal joint grooves 35 and the transverse joint grooves 36 from ultraviolet rays.

[0067] Furthermore, even when the protective panel 30 is viewed from the front, the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 located at the back of the longitudinal joint grooves 35 and the transverse joint grooves 36 cannot be seen, so the groove space can be left open. In order to seal the longitudinal joint grooves 35 and the transverse joint grooves 36, a buffer joint such as a soft sponge joint or a thin caulking may be provided as long as it does not impede the flow.

[0068] [Example 2] Other embodiments will be described below, and in the description, the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0069] 1. Configuration Another embodiment of the lateral seam groove 36 will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, the upper and lower surfaces 31f, 31g on the inlet side (the front surface 31a side of the panel body 31) of the horizontal joint groove 36 are formed to be inclined downward toward the rear surface 31b side of the panel body 31. In other words, the lower surface 31g on the front side of the convex engagement portion 33 formed on the lower edge of the panel main body 31 is formed to be inclined downward toward the back surface 31b of the panel main body 31, and the upper surface 31f on the front side of the concave engagement portion 34 formed on the upper edge of the panel main body 31 is formed to be inclined downward toward the back surface 31b of the panel main body 31. In this example, both the upper surface 31f and the lower surface 31g on the inlet side of the lateral seam groove 36 are inclined, but it is sufficient that at least the lower surface 31g is inclined.

[0070] 2.Effects In this example, in addition to obtaining the same effect as in Example 1 described above, there is an advantage that the inlet side surface of the joint horizontal groove 36 is formed at an angle, making it easier to guide water flowing down the front surface 31a of the panel body 31 into the joint horizontal groove 36.

[0071] [Example 3] 1. Configuration Referring to FIG. 12, another embodiment in which a protective panel 30 is detachably attached to a lightweight block 20 will be described. In this example, the panel body 31 and the latching claw plate 32 of the protection panel 30 are configured as separate bodies, and the panel body 31 and the latching claw plate 32 are configured to be connectable via a bolt 39 .

[0072] <1> Latching claw plate The latching claw plate 32 in this example is assumed to be of the continuous type or discontinuous type shown in FIGS. 7(A) and 7(B). The hooking claw plate 32 has an L-shaped cross section and includes a horizontal portion 32a that is placed on the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 and a vertical portion 32b that hangs down toward the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20 so that it can be placed across the front surface 21 and upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20. In this example, a latching claw plate 32 is disposed in an L-shaped notch 24 formed across the front surface 21 and the top surface 22 of the lightweight block 20 . A pin 38 can be driven into the horizontal portion 32a of the latching claw plate 32, and a nut 32c is attached to a part of the vertical portion 32b so that a bolt 39 can be screwed in. In this example, a case will be described in which a nut 32c which is a separate member is used, but if a screw hole is formed directly in the vertical portion 32b, the nut 32c may be omitted.

[0073] <2> Protective Panel The panel body 31 has a through hole 31e at the top thereof through which a bolt 39 can be inserted. The through-hole 31e of the panel body 31 and the screw position of the vertical portion 32b of the latching claw plate 32 are aligned in advance so that the protective panel 30 can be attached to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20.

[0074] <3> bolt In this example, a bolt 39 is used as a means for connecting the latching claw plate 32 and the lightweight block 20. By screwing the bolt 39 inserted into the through hole 31e of the panel main body 31 into the vertical portion 32b of the latching claw plate 32, the panel main body 31 can be integrated with the latching claw plate 32, and by removing the bolt 39, the panel main body 31 and the latching claw plate 32 can be separated.

[0075] 2. Effect <1> How to attach protective panels to lightweight blocks There are two ways to attach the protective panel 30 to the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20:

[0076] 1) Assembling the hook plate and panel body together The latching claw plate 32 is previously attached integrally to the panel body 31 by screwing in the bolts 39. After the bolt 39 is screwed in, it is advisable to fill the through hole 31e with a clogging material such as mortar to conceal the bolt head. A hooking claw plate 32 integrated with a panel body 31 is placed on the upper surface 22 of the lightweight block 20, and pins 38 are driven into the hooking claw plate 32 and the lightweight block 20, so that the protective panel 30 hangs down from the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20.

[0077] 2) How to attach the panel body to the hook plate The other method is to attach the panel body 31 to the latching claw plate 32 later. The pins 38 are driven in and the latching claw plate 32 is attached to the lightweight block 20 in advance. Next, the panel body 31 is placed over the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20, and then the bolts 39 are screwed into the retaining claw plates 32, so that the protective panel 30 hangs down from the front surface 21 of the lightweight block 20.

[0078] <2> How to remove the panel body To remove the assembled panel body 31, the bolt 39 is removed to release the connection with the latching claw plate 32, and the panel body 31 can be easily removed.

[0079] 3.Effects In this example, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment, the following effects can also be obtained. (A) Since the panel body 31 and the hooking claw plate 32 are separate bodies, the panel body 31 and the hooking claw plate 32 can be stored and transported separately, which improves the handling of the protective panel 30. (i) Since the panel bodies 31 are detachable from the lightweight blocks 20, when some of the panel bodies 31 become damaged or deteriorated, they can be easily replaced with new panel bodies 31. (c) If foreign matter such as soil particles accumulates in the vertical joint grooves 35 and horizontal joint grooves 36 around the panel body 31, which function as drainage paths, causing clogging, the foreign matter can be easily removed by removing and attaching the relevant panel body 31. [Explanation of symbols]

[0080] 10. Lightweight embankment 11. Concrete deck 12 Roadbed 13. Pavement 20 Lightweight Blocks 21. Lightweight block front 22. Top surface of lightweight block 23. Underside of lightweight block 24 Lightweight block cutout 30 Protective panel 31. Protective panel body 31a Front of panel body 31b Back side of panel body 31c...Cut surface 31d Side of panel body 31e...Through hole in panel body 31f: Upper surface of panel body defining horizontal joint groove 31g: Lower surface of panel body defining horizontal joint groove 32...Latching claw plate 32a····Horizontal part of the latching claw plate 32b Vertical part of the hook plate 32c···· Nut 33···· Convex engagement part 34a... Projection of convex engagement part 34.....Concave engagement portion 34a....Protruding portion of concave engagement portion 35. Vertical groove at joint 36. Horizontal groove at joint 40 Wall material

Claims

1. A lightweight embankment wall material comprising lightweight blocks with rectangular cross sections that are stacked to form lightweight embankments, and rectangular protective panels that cover the exposed front surfaces of the lightweight blocks, The protective panel has a panel body that can come into contact with and cover the exposed front surface of the lightweight block, and an attachment means that protrudes from the upper edge of the back surface of the panel body and hangs down from the front surface of the lightweight block, Two sets of engagement portions, each consisting of a convex engagement portion and a concave engagement portion, are formed on opposing upper, lower, left, and right sides of the panel body, The convex engaging portion and the concave engaging portion have crank-shaped cross sections that can be engaged with each other, When a plurality of the protection panels are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, a drainage groove having continuity can be formed between the opposing portions of the convex engaging portion and the concave engaging portion formed on the opposing upper, lower, left, and right sides of the adjacent panel bodies. Lightweight embankment wall material.

2. 2. A lightweight embankment wall material according to claim 1, wherein a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion in the shape of a ridge are formed on opposing sides of the periphery of the panel body.

3. A lightweight embankment wall material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vertical dimensional relationship between the panel body and the lightweight block is such that the top surface of the concave engaging portion formed on the upper edge of the panel body is located above the upper surface of the lightweight block to which the panel body is fixed, and the lower surface of the convex engaging portion formed on the lower edge of the panel body is located above the lower surface of the lightweight block.

4. A lightweight embankment wall material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper surface of the front side of the concave engaging portion formed on at least the upper edge of the panel body is inclined downwardly toward the back side of the panel body.

5. A lightweight embankment wall material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mounting means of the protective panel is one or more hanging claw plates protruding in the thickness direction of the panel body from the upper edge of the back surface of the panel body, and the panel body is attached by hanging down to the lightweight block via the hanging claw plates.

6. 6. A lightweight embankment wall material as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the panel body is fixed to the front surface of the lightweight block by pinning a hook plate placed on the upper surface of the lightweight block.

7. 6. The lightweight embankment wall material according to claim 5, wherein the panel body is detachable from the hook plate.

8. A lightweight embankment structure comprising a lightweight embankment formed by stacking a plurality of lightweight blocks with rectangular cross sections and a lightweight embankment wall material consisting of a rectangular protective panel covering the exposed front surface of the lightweight blocks, The lightweight embankment wall material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, The protective panels are installed on-site via attachment means to the exposed front surfaces of the lightweight blocks laid in advance, so that the convex engaging portions and concave engaging portions formed on the upper, lower, left, and right opposing sides of the panel body of the protective panels engage with each other, and the protective panels are then installed on-site to contact and cover the exposed front surfaces of the lightweight blocks, a horizontal joint groove having a crank-shaped cross section is formed between a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion provided on the upper and lower opposing sides of the vertically adjacent panel bodies; a vertical joint groove having a crank-shaped cross section is formed between a convex engaging portion and a concave engaging portion provided on the opposite left and right sides of the adjacent panel bodies, The horizontal seam grooves and the vertical seam grooves functioning as drainage grooves are continuous with each other. Lightweight embankment structure.

Images