Battery packs and energy storage devices including battery packs

Abstract

A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a cell module assembly including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, a pack case for housing the cell module assembly and including a vent port on at least one side, and a removable filter disposed at the vent port, the filter being attached to the vent port to filter vent gas when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell and removable from the vent port to facilitate maintenance and repair of the inside of the battery pack under normal circumstances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Reference to Related Applications) This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0184400 filed on December 21, 2021 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0179752 filed on December 20, 2022, and all the contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent applications are included as part of this specification.

[0002] (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a battery pack and an energy storage device including the same, and more particularly, to a battery pack configured to ensure safety even when a thermal event occurs, and designed to facilitate the maintenance and management of the battery pack during normal times.

Background Art

[0003] Secondary batteries with high applicability according to product groups and having electrical characteristics such as high energy density are widely applied not only to portable devices but also to electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid cars (HEVs) driven by an electric drive source. Such secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for environmental friendliness and improvement of energy efficiency not only because of the primary merit of significantly reducing the use of fossil fuels but also because no by-products are generated according to the use of energy.

[0004] Currently, widely used types of rechargeable batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. The operating voltage of such a single rechargeable battery cell is approximately 2.5V to 4.5V. Therefore, when a higher output voltage is required, multiple battery cells may be connected in series to form a battery pack. Alternatively, a large number of battery cells may be connected in parallel to form a battery pack depending on the required charge and discharge capacity. Consequently, the number of battery cells included in the battery pack may be set in various ways depending on the required output voltage or charge and discharge capacity.

[0005] On the other hand, when configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel, it is common practice to first configure a battery module containing at least one battery cell, and then use this at least one battery module to add other components and configure a battery pack or battery rack.

[0006] Furthermore, these secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also in medium- and large-scale devices such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems (ESS), and their use is rapidly increasing. In addition, there is a growing trend to use residential battery packs for energy storage purposes.

[0007] Conventional battery packs require a structure that allows for the smooth discharge of internal gases and the effective injection of cooling water. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack and an energy storage device including the same that can smoothly discharge internal gas when gas is generated and effectively supply cooling water. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack and an energy storage device including the same that are designed to facilitate maintenance and management of the battery pack during normal operation.

[0009] However, the technical problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those described above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention below. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a battery pack comprising at least one battery module including at least one battery cell, and a pack case covering at least one battery module and including a mesh structure for guiding gas discharge.

[0011] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a cell module assembly comprising a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, a pack case housing the cell module assembly and having a venting port on at least one side, and a removable filter positioned at the venting port, the filter being attached to the venting port to filter venting gas in the event of a thermal event in the battery cells, and may be removable from the venting port to facilitate maintenance and repair of the inside of the battery pack under normal conditions.

[0012] The system further includes an electrical coupling unit housed inside the pack case and positioned on one side of the cell module assembly, which may allow for maintenance and repair of the components of the electrical coupling unit through the open vent when the filter is removed from the vent.

[0013] The electrical coupling unit includes a cable for the electrical coupling of the battery pack and a fuse electrically coupled to the cable, and when the filter is removed from the vent, the cable or fuse may be inspected, repaired, or replaced through the open vent.

[0014] The filter may be removable by sliding it through the vent opening.

[0015] The filter further includes locking claws at each of its opposing ends, and the venting opening includes recesses at the edges of the venting opening corresponding to the locking claws, and after the locking claws are inserted into the pack case through the recesses, the locking claws may be attached by sliding along the edge of the venting opening that includes the recesses.

[0016] The filter further includes a stopper at the edge connecting the two opposing ends of the filter, the stopper having a projection that protrudes inward from the pack case, and the sliding of the filter may be stopped when the projection contacts the edge of the venting opening.

[0017] The filter includes a filter section for filtering venting gas and a filter frame for supporting the filter section, and the filter section may be detachable from the filter frame.

[0018] The filter section may include a first filter material made of flame-retardant or non-combustible material, and a second and third filter member made of a metal mesh structure, which are arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the first filter member, respectively.

[0019] The first filter member may be made of non-combustible plastic, GFRP (Glass fiber reinforced plastics), or CFRP (Carbon fiber reinforced plastics).

[0020] The second filter member faces toward the inside of the pack case, the third filter member faces toward the outside of the pack case, and the third filter member may have a finer mesh structure than the second filter member.

[0021] The filter frame includes a first filter frame member facing toward the inside of the pack case and including an opening, and a second filter frame member facing toward the outside of the pack case and including an opening, and the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member are separated from each other by a predetermined distance, and a filter part may be attachable between the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member.

[0022] The filter part may be exposed through the opening of the filter frame.

[0023] The filter frame further includes a third filter frame member that connects respective edges of the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member, the filter is detachably attached between the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member, and the third filter frame member may include an opening on at least one surface.

[0024] A plurality of battery packs may be provided, and may be coupled to each other by mechanical connection or electrical connection between the plurality of battery packs.

[0025] The plurality of battery packs may be stacked in the vertical direction. <XXX

[0026] The height of the external cover may be smaller than the height of the pack case so that an open space between the pack case and the external cover is secured for each of the plurality of battery packs.

[0027] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an energy storage device including the battery pack according to the foregoing embodiment can be provided.

Advantages of the Invention

[0028] According to the various embodiments as described above, it is possible to provide a battery pack that can smoothly discharge gas and effectively introduce cooling water when internal gas is generated, and an energy storage device including the same.

[0029] According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a battery pack with improved safety.

[0030] In particular, according to one embodiment of the present invention, even if a thermal event occurs inside the battery pack, such a thermal event can be quickly controlled.

[0031] Furthermore, when issues such as thermal runaway or ignition occur in some of the plurality of battery cells included in the battery pack, it is possible to effectively prevent such issues from transferring to other modules.

[0032] Also, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a battery pack having a simple structure and enhanced thermal safety.

[0033] Also, according to one embodiment of the present invention, designs for special waterproof and shockproof structures are unnecessary.

[0034] In particular, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the maintenance and management of the battery pack are easy during normal times.

[0035] And, according to one embodiment of the present invention, by stacking a plurality of battery packs of the same type, products with various voltage bands and / or storage capacities can be provided.

[0036] In addition, according to various embodiments of the present invention, various other additional effects can be achieved. Such various effects of the present invention will be described in detail in each embodiment, or for effects that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, the description thereof will be omitted.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] The following drawings accompanying this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description of the invention later, serve to further illustrate the technical concept of the present invention. The present invention should not be construed as being limited solely to the matters depicted in those drawings.

[0038] [Figure 1] This is a diagram illustrating a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This diagram provides a schematic explanation of the main components of the battery pack shown in Figure 1. [Figure 3] This diagram provides a schematic explanation of the main components of the battery pack shown in Figure 1. [Figure 4] This is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the cell module assembly included in the battery pack. [Figure 6] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the circuit breaker included in the battery pack. [Figure 7] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the battery pack and its case. [Figure 8] This is a magnified view of the area labeled P1 in Figure 7. [Figure 9] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the decomposed filter. [Figure 10] This is a magnified view of the area labeled P2 in Figure 7. [Figure 11] Figure 7 shows the case after the filter has been removed from the pack case. [Figure 12] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the battery pack and its outer cover. [Figure 13] This is a perspective view of the pack case with the outer cover attached. [Figure 14] The cross-section along the line A6-A6' in Figure 13 shows the flow of the venting gas. [Figure 15] Figure 7 illustrates how the cell module assembly shown can be housed in a pack case. [Figure 16] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing tank included in the battery pack. [Figure 17] Figure 16 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a fire extinguishing tank. [Figure 18] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the electrical coupling unit included in the battery pack. [Figure 19] Figures 4 through 17 show a perspective view of the battery pack with all the aforementioned components connected. [Figure 20] Figures 1 through 19 show schematic perspective views of the battery pack. [Figure 21] Figure 20 shows an embodiment in which the pack cases shown are stacked in different numbers. [Figure 22] Figure 20 shows an embodiment in which the pack cases shown are stacked in different numbers. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0039] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted in a manner limited to their ordinary or lexicographical meanings, but rather in a manner consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention, based on the principle that inventors can appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe their invention.

[0040] Therefore, the embodiments and configurations shown in the drawings described herein are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical concept of the invention. It should be understood that there are various equivalents and modifications that can substitute for them at the time of filing.

[0041] To clearly explain the present invention, parts unrelated to the description have been omitted, and the same or similar reference numerals are used throughout the specification for identical or similar components.

[0042] Furthermore, the dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary for illustrative purposes, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those shown. Thicknesses are shown enlarged in the drawings to clearly represent various layers and regions. Additionally, the thicknesses of some layers and regions are exaggerated in the drawings for illustrative purposes.

[0043] Furthermore, when a layer, membrane, region, plate, or other part is said to be "on top of" or "above" another part, this includes not only the case where it is "directly above" the other part, but also the case where there is another part in between. Conversely, when a part is said to be "directly above" another part, it means that there is no other part in between. Also, being "on top of" or "above" a reference part means being located above or below the reference part, and does not necessarily mean being located "on top of" or "above" in the opposite direction of gravity.

[0044] Furthermore, when a specification states that a part of it "includes" a certain component, this means that, unless otherwise stated, it may include other components rather than excluding them.

[0045] Furthermore, throughout the specification, "on a plane" means when the subject is viewed from above, and "on a cross-section" means when the subject is viewed from the side of a cross-section obtained by cutting the subject perpendicularly.

[0046] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating the main parts of the battery pack in Figure 1.

[0047] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the battery pack may include at least one battery module containing at least one battery cell, and a pack case covering the at least one battery module and including a mesh structure that guides gas discharge.

[0048] The battery cells consist of at least one or more cells and may be rechargeable batteries. The battery cells may be pouch-type rechargeable batteries, prismatic rechargeable batteries, or cylindrical rechargeable batteries.

[0049] The mesh structure can allow air to flow in and guide the discharge of venting gas. Therefore, the mesh structure may be provided in both the air inlet and the gas outlet.

[0050] By allowing air to flow smoothly through the aforementioned air inlet, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the cooling water injection speed and amount caused by negative pressure generation inside the module case when cooling water is injected, which may occur if air does not flow in.

[0051] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Referring to Figure 4, the battery pack includes a cell module assembly 100, a shut-off member 200, a pack case 300, a fire extinguishing tank 400, an external cover 500, and an electrical coupling unit 600.

[0053] In Figure 4, the cell module assembly 100 may be stacked in a configuration where multiple battery cells 110 are arranged horizontally (for example, along the X-axis in the drawing) with each cell standing upright in the vertical direction (for example, along the Z-axis in the drawing). In this case, the length direction of the battery cells 110 is, for example, along the Y-axis in the drawing.

[0054] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the cell module assembly 100 included in the battery pack shown in Figure 4.

[0055] For reference, Figure 5 shows the remaining components of the cell module assembly 100, excluding the multiple battery cells 110, to more clearly illustrate the components included in the cell module assembly 100. The multiple battery cells 110 may be ordinary pouch-type battery cells or prismatic battery cells.

[0056] Referring to Figure 5, a pair of busbar housings 130 are positioned on the front and rear surfaces of the stack of multiple battery cells 110. Each of the busbar housings 130 is positioned in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110 (for example, in the X-axis direction in the drawing).

[0057] A pair of end plates 120 are provided at each end of the stack of multiple battery cells 110. The end plates 120 are arranged parallel to the battery cells 110. The pair of end plates 120 connects each other between a pair of busbar housings 130.

[0058] The upper and lower sides of each pair of end plates 120 may include at least one strap 140 connecting the pair of end plates 120. The strap 140 reinforces the binding of the cell module assembly 100. More specifically, it reinforces the binding of the pair of end plates 120 and the stack of battery cells 110 arranged between them. This prevents misalignment of the stack of battery cells 110.

[0059] Furthermore, the description of the cell module assembly 100 overlaps with that described in Figure 1, so please refer to the previously mentioned information in relation to Figure 1.

[0060] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, multiple battery cells 110 may be grouped and housed in predetermined numbers. Also, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, a blocking member 200 is provided between groups of multiple (predetermined number) battery cells 110 and adjacent groups of multiple (predetermined number) battery cells 110.

[0061] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the shielding member 200 included in the battery pack of Figure 4. The shielding member 200 may be configured to interpose between adjacent battery cells 110 to block heat. For example, if a thermal event occurs in some battery cells 110, generating heat and high-temperature venting gas, the shielding member 200 can suppress or block the transfer of the generated heat and gas to adjacent battery cells 110. The shielding member 200 can also serve to block flames, sparks, etc., emitted from a specific battery cell 110.

[0062] The blocking member 200 has a roughly plate-like shape. The blocking member 200 may be configured as a plate that is vertically oriented. Furthermore, the blocking member 200 may also have a height that is the same as or similar to the height of the vertically oriented battery cell 110. The height of the blocking member 200 may be even smaller than or even larger than the height of the battery cell 110.

[0063] The blocking member 200 may be included in multiple units depending on the number of battery cells. As described above, the blocking member 200 can be stacked together with the battery cells 110 to constitute the cell module assembly 100.

[0064] According to this embodiment of the present invention, in a battery pack containing multiple battery cells 110, the propagation of thermal runaway between cells can be effectively prevented by the blocking member 200.

[0065] Furthermore, the blocking member 200 may consist of a triple-layer structure. For example, a pair of swelling pads 220 may be provided on each side of the support plate 210. The support plate 210 blocks flames, sparks, etc., ejected from the battery cells 110 between the battery cells 110 while maintaining the shape and rigidity of the blocking member 200. The support plate 210 may be made of, for example, a metal material. The swelling pads 220 reduce the pressure applied to the battery cells 110 by the support plate 210 when the battery cells 110 are swollen. The swelling pads 220 may be made of, for example, a silicon material or a ductile plastic material.

[0066] On the other hand, the support plate 210 includes a plurality of through holes 230 formed to penetrate the support plate 210 in the vertical direction, and the plurality of through holes 230 are arranged along the length direction of the support plate 210.

[0067] When the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) is injected into the cell module assembly 100 from the fire extinguishing tank 400 located on top of the cell module assembly 100, the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) also enters into the multiple through-holes 230. In other words, by retaining the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) in the multiple through-holes 230, the battery cell 110 experiencing a thermal event can be cooled and extinguished more effectively.

[0068] The multiple through-holes 230 may be configured to open on both the upper and lower surfaces of the support plate 210. Alternatively, the multiple through-holes 230 may be configured so that only the upper surface is open, and the lower surface is closed, allowing the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) to remain in the through-holes 230 for a longer period of time. In the former case, if the support plate 210 of the blocking member 200 is positioned to be in close contact with the inner lower surface of the pack case 300, the fire extinguishing agent (fire extinguishing liquid) can remain in the through-holes 230 for a longer period of time, as in the latter case.

[0069] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the pack case 300 included in the battery pack of Figure 4. Referring to Figure 7, the pack case 300 may be configured in a box shape. The box-shaped pack case 300 may be integrally molded, or it may be manufactured by joining at least one side to an adjacent side.

[0070] The pack case 300 includes at least one venting opening 320. The top surface of the venting opening 320 may be further provided with an overhang to prevent rain or snow from entering the inside of the pack case 300 through the venting opening 320. A removable filter 360 is attached to the venting opening 320.

[0071] Furthermore, the outer surface of the pack case 300 is provided with a partition wall 330 that protrudes outward from the outer surface. The pack case 300 also includes a fastening member 340 to which the outer cover 500 can be attached, and the pack case 300 also includes a spacer 350 that protrudes from the outer surface. The partition wall 330, the fastening member 340, and the spacer 350 will be described in detail later, as in the description of the outer cover 500.

[0072] Figure 8 is a magnified view of the part labeled P1 in Figure 7. Figure 8 shows the filter 360 as seen from inside the pack case 300. Figure 9 is an exploded perspective view of the filter 360 in Figure 8.

[0073] First, the filter 360 includes a filter frame 361 and a filter section 362. The filter frame 361 supports the filter section 362. The filter frame 361 is capable of housing the filter section 362 inside, and the filter section 362 is detachable from the filter frame 361.

[0074] The filter frame 361 consists of a first filter frame member 361a that forms the front surface of the filter frame 361 (i.e., the surface facing inward into the pack case 300) and a second filter frame member 361b that forms the rear surface (i.e., the surface facing outward into the pack case 300). The first filter frame member 361a and the second filter frame member 361b are separated by a predetermined distance. A third filter frame member 361c connects the edges of the first filter frame member 361a and the second filter frame member 361b. A filter section 362 may be positioned between the first filter frame member 361a and the second filter frame member 361b.

[0075] The filter frame 361 includes openings on at least three sides. That is, the front surface of the filter frame 361 (i.e., the surface facing inward into the pack case 300) and the rear surface (i.e., the surface facing outward into the pack case 300) have openings so that the filter portion 362 is exposed.

[0076] Furthermore, one of the sides connecting the front and rear surfaces of the filter frame 361 (i.e., the third filter frame member 361c) has an opening 365 so that the filter section 362 can be attached to and detached from the filter frame 361. The filter section 362 may be attached to and detached from the filter frame 361 through the opening 365.

[0077] The filter section 362 can filter to prevent sparks and flames from being discharged to the outside when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell, and to prevent foreign matter from flowing into the pack case 300 from the outside. The filter section 362 may be manufactured from a material having a melting point above a predetermined range so as not to be damaged by the emitted gas, flame, and heat. For example, the melting point of the material used to manufacture the filter section 362 may be 300°C or higher.

[0078] Referring to Figure 9, the filter section 362 may have a multilayer structure, for example, including a first filter member 362a, a second filter member 362b, and a third filter member 362c. Alternatively, the first filter member 362a may be the central component, with the second filter member 362b and the third filter member 362c bonded to both sides of the first filter member 362a (the inside and outside of the pack case 300), respectively.

[0079] For example, the first filter member 362a may be made of a material having heat dissipation properties. For example, the filter portion 362 may be made of silicon. Alternatively, the first filter member 362a may be made of a flame-retardant material. For example, the filter portion 362 may include non-combustible plastic, GFRP (Glass fiber reinforced plastics), or CFRP (Carbon fiber reinforced plastics), and may be provided in the form of a sheet or a mesh.

[0080] For example, the second filter member 362b and the third filter member 362c may be made of metal. For example, the filter section 362 may be provided as a metal sheet or a metal mesh. More specifically, it may have a mesh structure in the shape of a grid or a corrugated shape. In some cases, the third filter member 362c located on the outside of the pack case 300 may have a finer mesh structure than the second filter member 362b located on the inside of the pack case 300. In other words, when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell, the venting gas that has passed through the second filter member 362b and the first filter member 362a in sequence will pass through the third filter member 362c, which has a finer mesh than the second filter member 362b, thereby filtering out even the finest particles.

[0081] In some cases, the filter section 362 may contain a substance having fire-extinguishing properties. For example, the filter section 362 may contain a fire-extinguishing agent. The fire-extinguishing agent can generate carbon dioxide and water vapor through a thermal decomposition reaction when an internal fire occurs in a battery cell. The generated carbon dioxide and water vapor can suppress the flame by preventing external oxygen from flowing into the pack case 300. The fire-extinguishing agent can absorb the heat generated in the battery pack by performing a thermal decomposition reaction, which is an endothermic reaction, and can also block the supply of external oxygen by generating carbon dioxide and water vapor. For example, the filter section 362 may contain one or more fire-extinguishing agents selected from the group consisting of inorganic carbonates, inorganic phosphates, and inorganic sulfates. More specific examples of fire-extinguishing agent substances may include sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), ammonium phosphate (NH4H2PO3), and a mixture of potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) and urea ((NH2)2CO).

[0082] Here, the filter section 362 may be provided as a mesh made of metal or plastic, and the pores of the mesh may be filled with a fire extinguishing agent, but this is not necessarily required. Alternatively, the first filter member 362a may contain the fire extinguishing agent.

[0083] The physical properties of the filter portion 362 are not limited by the examples given above, and the filter portion 362 may be manufactured from a different material. In this embodiment, the filter portion 362 should be interpreted as including any material and form that can be provided as a fire extinguishing net.

[0084] On the other hand, as mentioned above, the filter 360 is also detachable from the venting port 320. First, the size of the filter frame 361 of the filter 360 may be the same as or larger than the venting port 320. The filter 360 may be attached to the venting port 320 in such a way that the edge of the filter frame 361 is positioned along the edge of the venting port 320, the filter 360 is positioned in contact with the outside of the pack case 300, and the locking claws 363 are positioned on the inside of the pack case 300.

[0085] More specifically, referring to Figure 8, the filter 360 includes locking claws 363 at each of its opposing ends (upper and lower ends in the example shown in Figure 8). The locking claws 363 may be, for example, L-shaped or U-shaped clamps. The locking claws 363 will engage with the edge of the venting opening 320 and may be attached to the venting opening 320. The edge of the venting opening 320 also includes a recess 321 at a position corresponding to the locking claws 363. The size and shape of the recess 321 will be approximately the same as the size and shape of the largest face of the locking claw 363.

[0086] The locking claws 363 of the filter 360 may be inserted from the outside to the inside of the pack case 300 via the recess 321. That is, the filter 360 is positioned at the venting opening 320 on the outside of the pack case 300, the locking claws 363 of the filter 360 are aligned with the recess 321 on the edge of the venting opening 320, and then the locking claws 363 are pushed inward into the pack case 300. When the filter 360 contacts the venting opening 320, the filter 360 is pushed in a sliding manner to attach it to the venting opening 320. That is, the filter 360 is attached by the locking claws 363 of the filter 360 sliding along the edge of the venting opening 320 including the recess 321. The width of the venting opening 320 is greater than the width of the filter 360 by S.

[0087] Furthermore, the filter 360 may further include a stopper 364 at at least one of the ends connecting the two opposing ends (side ends in the example shown in Figure 8). When the filter 360 is slid from the sliding mechanism, the stopper 364 catches on one edge of the venting opening 320, preventing the filter 360 from moving beyond a distance S (Figure 10) and detaching from the venting opening 320. This also allows the filter 360 to be attached to the venting opening 320 more securely. The stopper 364 includes a protrusion that projects inward from the pack case 300. The protruding shape of the stopper 364 hits one edge of the venting opening 320, stopping the sliding of the filter 360. For example, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the protrusion may also include a claw shape. If the stopper 364 is, for example, L-shaped or U-shaped, or has a clamp or claw shape, the filter 360 can be attached to the venting port 320 more securely.

[0088] Figure 10 is a magnified view of the part labeled P2 in Figure 7. Figure 10 shows the filter 360 as seen from the outside of the pack case 300. When removing the filter 360 from the venting opening 320, the reverse of the above procedure should be followed. Figure 10 shows the completed installation of the filter 360 by closing it using the sliding mechanism, and the auxiliary plate 322 corresponding to the extra space of width S in the venting opening 320 is closed without being opened. On the other hand, the filter 360 may include a handle 366 to facilitate attachment and detachment and movement using the sliding mechanism.

[0089] Figure 11 shows the case where the filter 360 has been removed from the pack case 300. More specifically, it shows the case where the filter located at P1 in Figure 7 has been removed. It also shows the case where the electrical coupling unit 600 (Figure 18), which will be described later, is housed inside the pack case 300. As mentioned above with reference to Figures 8 to 10, by attaching the filter 360 to the venting port 320, the venting gas is filtered when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 11, when it is necessary to maintain and manage the electrical coupling unit 600 during normal operation, the filter 360 can be removed from the venting port 320, allowing the electrical coupling unit 600 to be maintained and managed through the opened venting port 320. In other words, the various components of the electrical coupling unit 600 can be inspected, repaired, or replaced. For example, when maintenance, repair, or replacement is necessary for the various cables provided in the electrical connection unit 600 and the fuses 630 and various electrical components electrically connected thereto, the filter 360 can be removed from the venting opening 320 and reinstalled. For further details regarding the electrical connection unit 600, please refer to the description of Figure 18 below.

[0090] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the external cover 500 included in the battery pack shown in Figure 4.

[0091] The external cover 500 is attached to the pack case 300 to cover at least one side of the pack case 300. Figure 12 shows the case where the external cover covers the front and both sides of the pack case 300. The front cover 500a of the external cover 500 covers the front of the pack case 300, and the pair of side covers 500b of the external cover 500 cover both sides of the pack case 300.

[0092] Furthermore, the external cover 500 covers the venting port 320 of the pack case 300 at a predetermined distance from the venting port 320. This prevents the battery cells 110 inside the pack case 300 from being directly and completely exposed to the outside through the venting port 320.

[0093] In the pack case 300 shown in Figure 7, for example, vents 320 are provided on the front and both sides of the pack case 300. As a result, the external cover 500 is also provided to cover the front and both sides of the pack case 300.

[0094] On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and it is sufficient if the external cover 500 can cover the vent opening 320. For example, it is possible to cover all four sides of the pack case 300, including the front, rear, and both sides, or to cover only a portion of the four sides excluding the top and bottom of the pack case 300, allowing for a variety of modifications and changes.

[0095] Figure 13 is a perspective view of the pack case 300 with the outer cover 500 attached. Figure 14 shows the flow of venting gas in a cross-section along the line A6-A6' in Figure 13. When a thermal event occurs in the battery cell 110 housed inside the pack case 300, the venting gas generated in the battery cell 110 can be discharged through the venting port 320. The venting gas discharged from the venting port 320 travels through a venting channel formed in the space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500, and can then be discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500. At this time, the venting gas that has traveled through the venting channel is discharged to the outside through the open space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500, which is formed at the ends of the outer cover 500 (the upper and lower ends of the outer cover 500 in the case of Figure 13).

[0096] For reference, as will be described later with reference to Figures 21 and 22, when multiple battery packs are stacked, if the height of the outer cover 500 is slightly less than the height of the pack case 300, an open space can be secured between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 at the upper and lower ends of each battery pack. In other words, even when multiple battery packs are stacked vertically, an open space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 is secured for each battery pack, allowing venting gas to be smoothly discharged to the outside.

[0097] Referring again to Figure 7, the outer surface of the pack case 300 is provided with a partition wall 330 that extends outward from the outer surface.

[0098] As shown in Figure 14, the partition wall 330 increases the distance the venting gas travels in the venting path, causing the flame contained in the venting gas to hit the partition wall 330 and extinguish naturally (natural extinguishing). As a result, the flame contained in the venting gas is not discharged outside the outer cover 500.

[0099] The partition wall 330 is formed on the outer surface of the pack case 300 in at least one direction. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the partition wall 330 is formed along the lateral direction (the width direction and / or width direction of the pack case 300) and the vertical direction (the height direction of the pack case 300), and the case where the lateral partition wall 330 and the vertical partition wall 330 intersect is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to what is shown, and it is sufficient that the partition wall 330 is formed to intersect the venting gas flow path.

[0100] On the other hand, the bulkhead 330 can also reinforce the rigidity of the pack case 300.

[0101] Referring again to Figure 12, the front cover 500a and the pair of side covers 500b of the outer cover 500 may be formed as a single unit, or they may be manufactured separately and then joined together.

[0102] Furthermore, the open space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 (the upper and lower sides of the outer cover 500 in the example shown in Figure 13) includes eaves 520 that extend from the main body of the outer cover 500 toward the pack case 300. Including the eaves 520 further enhances the function of covering the venting opening 320. The eaves 520 may have a width equal to the separation space between the outer cover 500 and the pack case 300, or it may have a width smaller than that.

[0103] Furthermore, by connecting the outer cover 500 to the outer surface of the pack case 300 at a predetermined distance, as described above, the venting gas discharged from the venting port 320 of the pack case 300 can travel through the venting channel formed in the space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500, and then be discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500.

[0104] The eaves 520 is provided with multiple venting holes 521 arranged in a row along the eaves 520. The venting gas that has moved through the venting channel formed in the space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 can be discharged through the venting holes 521 of the outer cover 500.

[0105] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 14, the outer cover 500 may also be provided with a partition wall 510 formed in at least one direction on the surface facing the pack case 300. The partition wall 510 increases the distance the venting gas travels in the venting passage, causing the flame contained in the venting gas to hit the partition wall 510 and extinguish naturally. As a result, the flame contained in the venting gas is not discharged to the outside of the outer cover 500.

[0106] The partition wall 510 is formed on the outer surface of the outer cover 500 in at least one direction. In the embodiment shown in Figure 14, the partition wall 510 is formed along the lateral direction (the width direction and / or width direction of the outer cover 500) and the vertical direction (the height direction of the outer cover 500), and the case where the lateral partition wall 510 and the vertical partition wall 510 intersect is shown. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is sufficient that the partition wall 510 is formed to intersect the venting gas flow path.

[0107] On the other hand, the bulkhead 510 can also reinforce the rigidity of the outer cover 500.

[0108] The outer cover 500 further includes a fastening member 530. The fastening member 530 may be coupled to a fastening member 340 (Figure 7) of the pack case 300. The embodiment in Figure 13 shows a case where the fastening member 530 of the outer cover 500, which has a protruding claw shape, is coupled to the fastening member 340 of the pack case 300, which has an insertion groove shape. On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the method shown for coupling the outer cover 500 and the pack case 300, and can be modified and implemented in a variety of ways.

[0109] Furthermore, referring to Figure 7, the pack case 300 may be provided with a spacer 350 protruding from its outer surface. The spacer 350 protrudes by a distance equal to the separation between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500. In other words, the spacer 350 can come into contact with the inner surface of the outer cover 500. This allows the spacer 350 to maintain a predetermined distance between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500. In particular, even if the outer cover 500 is subjected to an external impact, this prevents the outer cover 500 from bending towards the pack case 300 and narrowing the venting channel between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500.

[0110] Furthermore, the protruding distance of the spacer 350 is greater than the protruding distance of the partition wall 330 of the pack case 300. Similarly, the protruding distance of the spacer 350 is greater than the protruding distance of the partition wall 510 of the outer cover 500. This prevents the venting gas from being blocked by the partition wall 330 of the pack case 300 and the partition wall 510 of the outer cover 500 as it moves through the space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500. When multiple spacers 350 are provided, each of the multiple spacers 350 is spaced apart from one another so as not to block the venting passage.

[0111] The spacer 350 may have a cross shape, for example, as shown in Figure 7, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any shape that maintains a separation space between the pack case 300 and the outer cover 500 and allows the outer cover 500 to maintain its rigidity is sufficient.

[0112] Furthermore, by covering the outer surface of the pack case 300 with the outer cover 500, an aesthetic function can be added to the external shape of the battery pack.

[0113] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 15, the cell module assembly 100 shown in Figure 5 may be housed in the internal space of the auxiliary case 310 before being attached to the pack case 300. By temporarily housing the cell module assembly 100 in the internal space of the auxiliary case 310 and then finally housing it in the pack case 300, the rigidity of the cell module assembly 100 can be enhanced, preventing misalignment of the multiple battery cell stacks 110 in the cell module assembly 100. The auxiliary case 310 may be made of, for example, metal or stainless steel.

[0114] Figure 16 is a perspective view of the fire extinguishing tank 400 included in the battery pack of Figure 4. Figure 17 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing tank 400 of Figure 16, showing a cross-section along the line A5-A5' in Figure 4. The fire extinguishing tank 400 includes a lower tank 410 and an upper cover 420, as previously described with reference to Figure 1. The lower tank 410 and the upper cover 420 may be manufactured separately and sealed together, or they may be manufactured as a single unit. The upper cover 420 may further include an inlet 430 into which fire extinguishing agent can be injected. The fire extinguishing tank 400 may be sealed by closing the inlet 430 with a lid.

[0115] A portion of the base plate 411 of the lower tank 410 that is formed with a thin thickness can function as a weak point 411a. In other words, if a thermal event occurs in the battery cell 110 of the cell module assembly 100, such a relatively thin weak point 411a may be the first to break. When the weak point 411a is broken and an opening is formed in the base plate 411, the fire extinguishing agent held inside the fire extinguishing tank 400 can be discharged to the cell module assembly 100 side through the weak point 411a.

[0116] Multiple vulnerable parts 411a may be provided. The vulnerable parts 411a may have a shape that is narrow in width and long in length. That is, they may be linear in shape and straight in line arranged parallel to one edge of the fire extinguishing tank 400, and each vulnerable part 411a may be arranged parallel to each other.

[0117] On the other hand, according to the embodiment shown in Figure 16, the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110 (for example, the X-axis direction in the drawing) and the longitudinal direction of the vulnerable portion 411a (for example, the X-axis direction in the drawing) may be orthogonal to each other. In other words, multiple vulnerable portions 411a are arranged to intersect the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 110. This allows the fire extinguishing agent to be supplied simultaneously to the entire battery cell 110 along its longitudinal direction through multiple open vulnerable portions 411a, enabling more efficient and rapid extinguishing of the battery cell 110 where the thermal event occurred.

[0118] Furthermore, referring to Figure 17, the base plate 411 of the lower tank 410 has a step. More specifically, the base plate 411 is broadly divided as follows: part A7 where the weak part 411a is located, part A8 which comes into contact with the strap 140 of the pack case 100, and part A9 located on the side of the electrical connection unit 600. Of these, the base plate 411 in part A7 where the weak part 411a is located has the lowest height.

[0119] By positioning the vulnerable portion 411a of the lower tank 410 as close to the battery cells 110 as possible, it becomes possible to more effectively and proactively prevent dangerous situations such as secondary explosions caused by the transfer of heat or flames to adjacent battery cells 100 through rapid initial suppression when overheating or ignition occurs in some of the battery cells 110.

[0120] In addition, as shown in Figure 5 relating to the cell module assembly 100, the height of the cell module assembly 100 is not constant due to the location of the strap 140 and the location of the busbar housing 130 (connectors 610, fuses, etc. are located outside the busbar housing 130). Regardless of this, if the height of the base plate 411 of the lower tank 410 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 is constant overall, a gap will be created between the base plate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and the upper surface of the cell module assembly 100. In such a case, heat transfer from the overheated battery cell 110 to the vulnerable part 411a will be hindered by the gap, delaying fire extinguishing. When the battery cell 110 overheats, if the vulnerable part 411a is positioned immediately adjacent to the overheated battery cell 110, the vulnerable part 411a will be immediately damaged, allowing the battery cell 110 to cool down quickly and the fire to be extinguished.

[0121] In summary, the lower surface of the base plate 411 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and the upper surface of the cell module assembly 100 have shapes that are roughly identical to each other. This allows the fire extinguishing tank 400 to be positioned more closely to the cell module assembly 100, enabling more effective cooling of the battery cells 110 that are experiencing temperature rises, and allowing for more rapid injection of fire extinguishing agent into the battery cells 110 that have overheated or caught fire. It also allows the fire extinguishing tank 400 to efficiently store more fire extinguishing agent. In other words, if the height of the base plate 411 of the lower tank 410 of the fire extinguishing tank 400 is constant overall, the fire extinguishing tank 400 will store less fire extinguishing agent by the amount of empty space.

[0122] The fire extinguishing agent provided in the fire extinguishing tank 400 may be in the form of a fire extinguishing liquid, for example. Repetitive explanations are omitted, and please refer to the previously mentioned examples.

[0123] Figure 18 is a perspective view of an electrical coupling unit 600, which is a component for the electrical coupling of battery packs. The electrical coupling unit 600 includes components such as a connector 610, a connector housing 620, various cables, and a fuse 630 that perform electrical coupling functions between stacked battery packs and between the battery packs and the battery management system (BMS). The electrical coupling unit 600 is housed inside the pack case 300 and positioned in front of the cell module assembly 100. A partition plate may be provided inside the pack case 300, and the electrical coupling unit 600 and the cell module assembly 100 may be housed in partitions within the pack case 300 based on this partition plate. The connector 610 includes a power connector for transmitting power between battery packs and between the battery packs and the battery management system (BMS), and a signal connector for transmitting signals for monitoring and managing the battery packs.

[0124] Figure 19 is a perspective view of the battery pack, with all the components of the battery pack described above connected together, referring to Figures 4 through 17.

[0125] Furthermore, any parts of the explanation regarding the battery packs in Figures 4 to 19 that overlap with the explanations related to the battery packs in Figures 1 to 3 should be referred to in relation to Figures 1 to 3.

[0126] On the other hand, the pack case 300 may be provided in multiple units and configured to be stackable in the vertical direction. This will be explained in more detail with reference to Figure 20.

[0127] Figure 20 is a schematic perspective view showing at least a portion of the battery pack configuration of Figures 1 to 19 of the present invention. Figures 21 and 22 are diagrams showing embodiments in which multiple pack cases 300 shown in Figure 20 are stacked.

[0128] Referring to Figure 20, the pack case 300 may have a bottom and side walls. The cell module assembly 100 may be housed in the internal space of such a pack case 300, and the battery pack is formed by covering the top surface of the cell module assembly 100 with the fire extinguishing tank 400. For reference, in Figure 20, the height of the upper side of the pack case 300 is shown to be greater than the height of the top surface of the fire extinguishing tank 400. However, Figure 20 is a schematic diagram and only one embodiment, and the present invention is not limited to what is shown in Figure 20. In other words, the height of the top surface of the fire extinguishing tank 400 can be greater than the height of the upper side of the pack case 300, and the height of the top surface of the fire extinguishing tank 400 and the height of the upper side of the pack case 300 can be the same, and various modifications and changes are possible.

[0129] Multiple pack cases 300, as shown in Figure 20, may be provided, forming a stacked battery pack structure as shown in Figure 21 or Figure 22. In this case, the battery pack in Figure 20 may be a single unit pack. By providing multiple such unit packs, a modular stacked overall battery pack as shown in Figure 21 or Figure 22 may be constructed.

[0130] More specifically, for example, the configuration in Figure 21 shows a configuration in which three unit packs D are stacked vertically. And the configuration in Figure 22 shows a configuration in which five unit packs D are stacked vertically. The present invention is not limited to what is shown, and the number of unit packs D can be varied to suit the environment in which the present invention is implemented.

[0131] If the present invention is embodied in an energy storage system (ESS) where the battery pack is an energy storage device, the voltage range and / or storage capacity of the energy storage device can be adjusted to suit the environment by adjusting the number of unit battery packs. According to this embodiment of the present invention, a single unit pack having a common structure can be stacked in various ways, and products with various voltage ranges can be accommodated depending on the number of stacked units. For example, by adjusting the number of stacked identical unit packs, it is possible to realize low-voltage products as shown in Figure 21 and high-voltage products as shown in Figure 22. Therefore, economic efficiency and compatibility can be improved compared to products limited to a specific voltage range standard. Furthermore, this embodiment also makes it possible to realize products with various storage capacities depending on the number of stacked units.

[0132] In other words, when connected in series between stacked unit packs, they can be realized as products with various voltage ranges depending on the number of stacked units. Furthermore, when connected in parallel between stacked unit packs, they can be realized as products with various capacities (energy storage capacities) depending on the number of stacked units.

[0133] In particular, each unit pack D may contain a cell module assembly 100 internally. Furthermore, each unit pack D includes connectors 610 to electrically connect each cell module assembly 100 to one another when stacked, as described above. In particular, such connectors 610 may be configured to connect to each other when the unit packs D are stacked vertically.

[0134] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, each unit pack D may house a fire extinguishing tank 400 together with the cell module assembly 100. That is, each unit pack D includes a fire extinguishing tank 400 on top of the cell module assembly 100, as described above. A stacked battery pack has a stacked structure from top to bottom of fire extinguishing tank 400-cell module assembly 100-fire extinguishing tank 400-cell module assembly 100. The stacked battery pack of the present invention having such a structure allows for increasing the number of cell module assemblies 100 to increase the storage capacity, and also provides safe protection against thermal events such as fires involving the cell module assemblies 100. Therefore, according to this embodiment of the present invention, the safety of the battery pack can be further improved.

[0135] As yet another example of a coupling method between stacked battery packs (pack cases 300), referring again to Figure 20, it is as follows: The upper end of the side wall of the pack case 300 may have a step formed to be recessed in the lateral direction, such as a coupling step C1. For example, this may be a thin part of the side wall of the pack case 300. Although not shown in Figure 20, a coupling recess may be formed at the bottom of the pack case 300 so that such a coupling step C1 of the side wall is inserted. In other words, when different pack cases 300 are stacked vertically, the pack cases 300 may be configured so that the coupling step C1 formed at the upper end of the side wall of the lower pack case 300 is inserted into the coupling recess formed at the bottom of the upper pack case 300. As a result, when multiple pack cases 300 are stacked and coupled vertically, the outer surface of the pack case 300 can have an overall flat shape.

[0136] On the other hand, the fastening structure between the stacked battery packs is not limited to those shown in Figure 20 and / or Figure 7, and various other fastening methods can be modified and applied to the present invention.

[0137] Furthermore, the battery pack of the present invention may be connected to a battery management system (BMS, not shown). The battery management system monitors and manages the battery pack. The battery management system may be located on the uppermost layer of a stacked battery pack. However, the location of the battery management system is not limited to those described above and can be varied and changed to suit the manner and environment in which the present invention is implemented.

[0138] The battery pack according to the present invention may further include a variety of other components in addition to those described above. For example, the battery pack according to the present invention may include various electrical components for controlling or managing the charging and discharging of the battery pack, such as a battery management system (BMS), relays, fuses, and current sensors.

[0139] According to embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to provide a battery pack and an energy storage device including the same that significantly reduces the risk of explosion of the pack case in abnormal situations, prevents negative pressure, and effectively introduces cooling water into the pack case. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a battery pack and an energy storage device including the same that are designed to facilitate maintenance and management of the battery pack during normal operation.

[0140] Although the present invention has been described above by limited embodiments and drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various modifications and variations are possible within the equivalent scope of the technical concept of the present invention and the claims described below by persons with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. [Explanation of symbols]

[0141] 100: Cell Module Assembly 110: Battery cell 120: End plate 130: Busbar Housing 140: Strap 200: Barrier 210: Support plate 220: Sweeping Pad 230: Through hole 300: Pack Case 300a: Lower case 300b: Upper case 310: Auxiliary case 320: Venting opening 321: Recess 322: Auxiliary board 330: Bulkhead 340: Fastening member 350: Spacer 360: Filter 361: Filter Frame 361a: First filter frame member 361b: Second filter frame member 361c: Third filter frame member 362: Filter section 362a: First filter member 362b: Second filter member 362c: Third filter member 363: Locking claw 364: Stopper 365: Opening 366: Handle 400: Fire extinguishing tank 410: Lower tank 411: Base plate 411a: Weak area 412: Side wall 420: Top cover 430: Inlet 500: External cover 500a: Front cover 500b: Side cover 510: Bulkhead 520: Noki 521: Venting Hall 530: Fastening member 600: Electrical coupling unit 610: Connector 620: Connector Housing 630: Fuse

Claims

1. A cell module assembly including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, A pack case housing the aforementioned cell module assembly and including a vent on at least one side, A removable filter is placed in the aforementioned venting port, Includes an electrical coupling unit housed inside the pack case and positioned on one side of the cell module assembly, The aforementioned filter is Attached to the vent port to filter the venting gas when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell, To facilitate maintenance and repair of the battery pack's interior during normal operation, it is removable through the venting opening. When the filter is removed from the venting port, the components of the electrical coupling unit can be maintained and repaired through the opened venting port. Battery pack.

2. The electrical connection unit includes a cable for the electrical connection of the battery pack and a fuse electrically connected to the cable. When the filter is removed from the venting opening, the cable or fuse can be inspected, repaired, or replaced through the opened venting opening. The battery pack according to claim 1.

3. A cell module assembly including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, A pack case housing the aforementioned cell module assembly and including a vent on at least one side, Includes a removable filter positioned at the vent opening, The aforementioned filter is Attached to the vent port to filter the venting gas when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell, To facilitate maintenance and repair of the battery pack's interior during normal operation, it is removable through the venting opening. The filter is removable by sliding at the vent opening. Battery pack.

4. A cell module assembly including a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, A pack case housing the aforementioned cell module assembly and including a vent on at least one side, Includes a removable filter positioned at the vent opening, The aforementioned filter is Attached to the vent port to filter the venting gas when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell, To facilitate maintenance and repair of the battery pack's interior during normal operation, it is removable through the venting opening. The filter further includes locking claws at each of its opposing ends, The venting opening includes recesses at the edges of the venting opening, corresponding to the locking claws. After the locking claw is inserted into the pack case through the recess, the locking claw is configured to be attached by sliding along the edge of the venting opening including the recess. Battery pack.

5. The filter further includes a stopper at the edge connecting the two opposing ends of the filter, The stopper has a protrusion that extends inward from the pack case, The protruding portion is configured to stop the filter from sliding by contacting the edge of the vent opening. The battery pack according to claim 4.

6. The aforementioned filter is A filter unit for filtering the aforementioned venting gas, Includes a filter frame that supports the filter section, The filter section is detachable from the filter frame. The battery pack according to claim 1, 3, or 4.

7. The filter unit is A first filter member made of flame-retardant or non-combustible material, The first filter member includes a second filter member and a third filter member, both having a mesh structure made of metal, which are positioned on the front and rear surfaces of the first filter member, respectively. The battery pack according to claim 6.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein the first filter member is made of non-combustible plastic, glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), or carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP).

9. The second filter member faces the inside of the pack case, The third filter member faces outward from the pack case, The third filter member has a finer mesh structure than the second filter member. The battery pack according to claim 7.

10. The aforementioned filter frame is A first filter frame member, including an opening, facing the inside of the pack case, The pack case includes a second filter frame member having an opening that faces outward, The first filter frame member and the second filter frame member are separated from each other by a predetermined distance, and the filter portion can be mounted between the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member. The battery pack according to claim 6.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein the filter portion is exposed through the opening of the filter frame.

12. The present invention further includes a third filter frame member that connects the respective edges of the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member, The filter portion is detachably attached between the first filter frame member and the second filter frame member, and the third filter frame member includes an opening on at least one surface. The battery pack according to claim 10.

13. The aforementioned battery pack is provided in multiple units, The plurality of battery packs are connected to each other by mechanical or electrical connections. The battery pack according to claim 1, 3, or 4.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the plurality of battery packs can be stacked in the vertical direction.

15. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the height of the outer cover is smaller than the height of the pack case so that an open space is secured between the pack case and the outer cover for each of the plurality of battery packs.

16. An energy storage device comprising the battery pack described in claim 1, 3, or 4.

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