Tool holders and tool magazines
The tool holder system facilitates safe and efficient automatic exchange by integrating a spindle mechanism with an operating sleeve and drive key, addressing the dangers and inefficiencies of manual tool holder exchange in conventional systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUGINO MACHINE
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-15
Smart Images
Figure 0007873805000001 
Figure 0007873805000002 
Figure 0007873805000003
Abstract
Description
【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a tool holder and a tool magazine capable of automatically exchanging the tool holder between the tool holder and the spindle. 【Background Art】 【0002】 There is known a tool holder (detachable member) to which a tool can be attached and which can be attached to a spindle. (For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-134608. Hereinafter, Patent Document 1). According to Patent Document 1, when the tool holder is attached to the spindle, the contact surface of the main body in the tool holder contacts the receiving surface of the spindle, and the retaining claws of the engaging ring in the tool holder engage with the locking portion of the spindle. In this state, a wedge member is pushed between the V-shaped receiving walls provided in pairs on the main body and the engaging ring, and it is prevented from coming out therefrom. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Problems to be Solved by the Invention】 【0003】 In the conventional tool holder, since the operator exchanges it by hand, the exchange during machine operation is dangerous. In addition, the exchange of the tool holder cannot be automated, and the exchange time is long. An object of the present invention is to provide a tool holder and a tool magazine capable of automatically exchanging the tool holder between the tool holder and the spindle. 【Means for Solving the Problems】 【0004】 A first aspect of the present invention is a tool holder attached to a spindle having a spindle hole, a circumferential groove located on the outer periphery of the spindle, and a drive groove located at the tip of the spindle and connected to the circumferential groove, a tool body having a shank inserted into the spindle hole, an operation sleeve disposed on the radially outer side of the tool body, biased toward the base end of the spindle, and reciprocating in the axial direction of the spindle, a drive key inserted into the drive groove and transmitting the rotation of the spindle to the tool body, A receiving portion located on the outer circumference of the aforementioned operating sleeve, An operating sleeve having, A holder elastic body that biases the operating sleeve toward the spindle relative to the tool body, A holding ring disposed on the tool body, having a holding claw that passes through the drive groove and hooks into the circumferential groove, It is a tool holder having [a certain feature]. 【0005】 A second aspect of the present invention is, A tool magazine that houses the tool holder so that it can be transferred between it and the spindle, Magazine body and An operating lever disposed in the magazine body, capable of supporting the operating sleeve and reciprocating in the axial direction of the main spindle, The operating sleeve insertion hole into which the aforementioned operating sleeve is inserted, A hook portion is positioned in the operating sleeve insertion hole and is hooked onto the receiving portion, An operating lever having, An operating lever guide that guides the operating lever in the axial direction of the main spindle, An operating elastic body that biases the operating lever toward the base end of the main shaft against the elastic force of the holder elastic body, Having, It's a tool magazine. 【0006】 The tool holder is fitted with a cutting tool. These cutting tools can be, for example, cutting tools or brushes. 【0007】 Preferably, the operating sleeve is cylindrical. The operating lever may have an operating sleeve hole for gripping and holding the tool holder. The operating sleeve hole may have a contact cylindrical surface that contacts the operating sleeve. Preferably, the operating lever has a plunger that presses the operating sleeve radially inward. The plunger is positioned, for example, on the inner surfaces of the operating sleeve holes on both sides. Preferably, the plunger biases the operating sleeve toward the contact cylindrical surface. 【0008】 The hooking part (or anti-rotation part) holds the operating sleeve in place by hooking onto the receiving part, thereby preventing the operating sleeve from rotating. The receiving part and the hooking part have a relationship similar to that of a screw's tightening part and a wrench. For example, the receiving portion is a groove with a rectangular cross-section formed on the outer surface of the operating sleeve. The bottom surface of the receiving portion consists of two parallel planes. The receiving portion is arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the shank. The receiving portion may also be a groove with a regular hexagonal shape. In this case, the hooking portion is a plate-like projection that is thinner than the groove width of the receiving portion and has two parallel planes that contact the receiving portion. The hooking portion is shaped like an open-end wrench. The receiving portion may be a cylindrical hole arranged radially. In this case, the hooking portion is a cylindrical pin that contacts the receiving portion. The hooking portion is in the shape of a hook pin of a hook wrench. The receiving portion may be a square groove extending along the central axis of the shank. In this case, the hooking portion is a projection that abuts against the square groove. The receiving portion may have a first receiving portion that is hooked in the axial direction and a second receiving portion that is hooked in the circumferential direction. For example, the first receiving portion is a circumferential groove and the second receiving portion is a hexagonal head. In this case, the hooking portion has a first hooking portion and a second hooking portion. The first hooking portion is hooked onto the first receiving portion and restricts the axial movement of the operating sleeve. The second hooking portion is hooked onto the second receiving portion and restricts the rotational movement of the operating sleeve. 【0009】 The tool magazine may have an operating lever stopper that holds the operating lever in place to prevent it from popping out of the magazine body. The operating lever stopper is located, for example, on the magazine body. 【0010】 The push lever may have a push fork portion that grips the tip tool. The push fork portion may have a contact cylindrical surface that contacts the tool body. The pressing portion contacts, for example, the tip of the body. The pressing portion is, for example, plate-shaped. 【0011】 Operating lever guides, push lever guides, and tilt suppression guides are linear guides. For example, operating lever guides, push lever guides, and tilt suppression guides are shafts and bushings, ball splines, and linear guides. The operating lever guide guides the operating lever in the direction of the spindle when the spindle and tool holder change tools. The push lever guide guides the push lever in the direction of the spindle when the spindle and tool holder change tools. The tilt suppression guide guides the push lever in the direction of the spindle when the spindle and tool holder change tools. The tilt suppression guide may be positioned on the opposite side of the operating lever guide from the tool holder held in the tool magazine. 【0012】 Preferably, the magazine body is mounted on a float base. The float base supports the magazine body so that it can move freely in a first direction, which is the direction of the spindle when the tool magazine is being transferred, and in second and third directions which are perpendicular to the first direction. The float base may have an elastic body. The float base supports the magazine body, for example, with play in the second and third directions. The float base may have a first elastic body. The elastic body imparts an elastic force to the magazine body along the second and third directions. The float base may support the magazine body with play in the first direction. The float base may have a second elastic body. The second elastic body imparts an elastic force to the magazine body along the first direction. 【0013】 The operating sleeve insertion hole may have an opening in the insertion direction. The protruding portion may be rigid. A rigid protruding portion may be made of, for example, metal, general-purpose resin, or engineering plastic. A rigid protruding portion has a contact surface that is inclined with respect to the insertion direction of the operating sleeve into the sleeve insertion hole. The contact surface approaches the left and right ends of the operating lever as it moves toward the insertion direction. The contact surface of the pinch lever biases the contact portion with the outer cylindrical surface of the operating sleeve. The combined biasing force of the pair of pinch lever protruding portions causes the protruding portion to bias the operating sleeve toward the sleeve contact surface. 【0014】 The protruding portion may be an elastic body. The protruding portion that is an elastic body is, for example, a leaf spring or a plunger. The protruding portion that is an elastic body biases the operation sleeve toward the sleeve contact surface with the elastic force of the protruding portion. 【0015】 The overtrip detection switch may be arranged on the magazine body. In this case, the tip dog and the base dog are arranged on the push lever. 【Effect of the Invention】 【0016】 According to the present invention, according to the tool holder and the tool magazine, the tool holder can be automatically exchanged with the main spindle. 【Brief Description of the Drawings】 【0017】 [Figure 1] Perspective view of the main spindle of Embodiment 1 [Figure 2] One-sided sectional view of the main spindle of Embodiment 1 [Figure 3] Perspective view of the tool holder of Embodiment 1 [Figure 4] One-sided sectional view of the tool holder of Embodiment 1 [Figure 5] Perspective view of the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 6] Plan view of the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 7] Sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6 [Figure 8A] Explanatory drawing of the transfer of the tool holder from the main spindle to the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 8B] Explanatory drawing of the transfer of the tool holder from the main spindle to the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 8C] Explanatory drawing of the transfer of the tool holder from the main spindle to the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 8D] Explanatory drawing of the transfer of the tool holder from the main spindle to the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 8E] Explanatory drawing of the transfer of the tool holder from the main spindle to the tool magazine of Embodiment 1 [Figure 8F]Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the spindle to the tool magazine in Embodiment 1. [Figure 9A] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the tool magazine to the spindle in Embodiment 1. [Figure 9B] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the tool magazine to the spindle in Embodiment 1. [Figure 9C] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the tool magazine to the spindle in Embodiment 1. [Figure 9D] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the tool magazine to the spindle in Embodiment 1. [Figure 9E] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the tool magazine to the spindle in Embodiment 1. [Figure 10] Perspective view of the tool magazine of Embodiment 2 [Figure 11] Plan view of the tool magazine of Embodiment 2 [Figure 12] Figure 11 shows a cross-sectional view of the XII-XII line combination. [Figure 13A] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the spindle to the tool magazine in Embodiment 2. [Figure 13B] Diagram illustrating the transfer of the tool holder from the spindle to the tool magazine in Embodiment 2. [Figure 14] Perspective view of the pinch arm of Embodiment 3 [Figure 15] Perspective view of the pinch arm of Embodiment 4 [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0018】 (Embodiment 1) As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the spindle 10 of this embodiment has an end face 10a, a spindle hole 11, a circumferential groove 13, and a drive groove 15. The spindle hole 11 is, for example, a straight shank hole. The circumferential groove 13 has a rectangular cross-section. The circumferential groove 13 extends in the circumferential direction of the spindle 10 near the end face 10a. For example, the spindle 10 has two drive grooves 15 arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis 17. The drive grooves 15 have a rectangular cross-section. The drive grooves 15 extend from the end face 10a to the circumferential groove 13. 【0019】 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the tool holder 20 of this embodiment includes a tool body 21, a holding ring 25, an operating sleeve 23, and a holder spring (holder elastic body) 27. A cutting tool 26 is mounted on the tool holder 20. 【0020】 The tool body 21 is a stepped cylindrical shape. The tool body 21 has a shank 21a, an end face 21b, and a tool hole 21c. The shank 21a is, for example, a straight shank. The cutting tool 26 is mounted in the tool hole 21c, for example, by a collet (not shown) or by shrink fitting. 【0021】 The holder spring 27 is a compression coil spring. The holder spring 27 is mounted on the tool body 21. The holder spring 27 biases the holding ring 25 and the operating sleeve 23 toward the base end of the spindle 10 (upwards in Figure 4). 【0022】 The holding ring 25 is hollow and cylindrical. The holding ring 25 is positioned on the outer circumference of the tool body 21. The holding ring 25 can reciprocate relative to the tool body 21 in the direction of the central axis 22. The holding ring 25 has multiple (two in Figure 3) holding claws 25a. The holding claws 25a are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis 22. The holding claws 25a pass through the drive groove 15 and hook into the circumferential groove 13. 【0023】 The operating sleeve 23 is hollow and ring-shaped. The operating sleeve 23 has a drive key 23a and a receiving portion 23b. The operating sleeve 23 can reciprocate in the direction of the central axis 22. The drive key 23a can be fitted into the drive groove 15. The drive key 23a is positioned 90 degrees rotated from the holding claw 25a. The receiving portion 23b is a groove with a rectangular cross-section formed on the outer circumferential surface of the operating sleeve 23. For example, when viewed from the central axis 22, the receiving portion 23b extends in a direction perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of the two holding claws 25a. The bottom surface of the receiving portion 23b is two planes parallel to each other. The receiving portion 23b is arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the central axis 22. The receiving portion 23b has a surface width 23c and a height 23d. 【0024】 When the tool holder 20 is attached to the spindle 10, the holder spring 27 pushes in the holding ring 25. The holding ring 25 moves to the locked position 2 (see Figure 8A). At this time, the holding claws 25a of the holding ring 25 come into contact with the circumferential groove 13 of the spindle 10, pulling the spindle 10 toward the tip (downward in Figure 8A). As a result, the tool holder 20 is fixed to the spindle 10 (see Figure 8A). At this time, the drive key 23a engages with the drive groove 15 of the spindle 10, transmitting the rotation and torque of the spindle 10 to the tool body 21. 【0025】 When the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle 10, the operating sleeve 23 moves toward the tip (downward in Figure 4). As a result, the elastic force of the holder spring 27 is no longer applied to the holding ring 25, and the holding ring 25 separates from the circumferential groove 13. As the operating sleeve 23 moves, the drive key 23a moves to the end face 21b (see Figure 8C). Then, when the spindle 10 is rotated 90 degrees, the holding claw 25a passes through the drive groove 15, and the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle 10. 【0026】 As shown in Figures 5 to 7, the tool magazine 40 of this embodiment includes a magazine body 41, an operating lever 55, an operating lever guide 64, an operating spring (operating elastic body) 58, and a hook portion 56. The tool magazine 40 may also include a push lever 51, a push lever guide 50, an anti-compression spring (anti-compression elastic body) 54, a spring post 45, an anti-lift spring (anti-lift elastic body) 46, a tilt suppression guide 59, a lift spring cover 43, a tool holder detection switch 65, an overtravel detection switch 60, a tip dog 47, a base dog 49, a dog stem 48, and a tip-side stopper 41b. The operating lever guide 64 includes an operating lever guide hole 53b and an operating lever stem 57. The push lever guide 50 includes a push lever guide hole 41c and a push lever stem 53. 【0027】 Hereinafter, for convenience, when exchanging the tool holder 20 between the tool magazine 40 and the spindle 10, the direction in which the spindle 10 moves away from the tool holder 20 along the central axis 17 of the spindle 10 and the central axis 22 of the tool holder 20 will be referred to as "up," the direction in which the spindle 10 with the tool holder 20 attached is inserted into the tool holder 20 will be referred to as "rear," and the direction to the right from rear to front will be referred to as "right." 【0028】 The magazine body 41 includes a body 41a, a front-end stopper 41b, a push lever guide hole 41c, and a second operating spring guide 41d. The front-end stopper 41b is located at the rear of the body 41a. The front-end stopper 41b protrudes from the upper surface of the body 41a. The push lever guide hole 41c is a bottomed cylindrical hole. The push lever guide hole 41c extends vertically and is located at the front of the body 41a. The push lever guide hole 41c opens upwards of the body 41a. The second operating spring guide 41d is, for example, a bottomed hole or a cylindrical guide. The second operating spring guide 41d is located at the bottom surface of the push lever guide hole 41c. 【0029】 The push lever 51 extends in the front-rear direction. The push lever 51 has a tool body insertion hole 51a and a push plate 52. The push lever 51 may also have a guide bush 59b and a spring post insertion hole 51b. The tip of the tool body 21 is inserted into the tool body insertion hole 51a from front to rear. The tool body insertion hole 51a is located at the front end of the push lever 51. The tool body insertion hole 51a may open in front of the push lever 51. At this time, the tip (push fork portion) 51e (see Figure 6) of the push lever 51 is fork-shaped. The tip 51e grips the cutting tool 26. The push plate 52 is positioned below the tool body insertion hole 51a. The push plate 52 has a contact surface (pressing portion) 52a and a tool passage hole 52b. The contact surface 52a contacts the tool body 21. When the tip of the tool body 21 contacts the contact surface 52a and moves downward, the push plate 52 moves together with the tool body 21. The cutting tool 26 passes through the tool passage hole 52b. The spring post insertion hole 51b is located at the rear end of the push lever 51. The spring post insertion hole 51b is a stepped cylindrical hole that extends in the vertical direction. The spring post insertion hole 51b has an upper large diameter portion 51c and a lower small diameter portion 51d. 【0030】 The push lever stem 53 is positioned below the push lever 51 and extends vertically. The push lever stem 53 has an outer cylindrical surface 53a, an operating lever guide hole 53b, and an anti-compression spring guide hole 53c. The outer cylindrical surface 53a slides on the push lever guide hole 41c and guides the push lever 51 in the vertical direction. The operating lever guide hole 53b extends vertically and passes through the push lever stem 53 and the push lever 51. The anti-compression spring guide hole 53c is connected below the operating lever guide hole 53b. The inner diameter of the anti-compression spring guide hole 53c is larger than the inner diameter of the operating lever guide hole 53b. The end face of the anti-compression spring guide hole 53c is the operating lever stopper 53d. 【0031】 The operating lever 55 extends in the front-rear direction. The operating lever 55 has an operating sleeve insertion hole 55a, a hook portion 56, and a spring post passage hole 55b. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a is located at the front end of the operating lever 55. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a is an elongated hole extending in the front-rear direction and has a diameter 55e that is substantially the same as the diameter of the operating sleeve 23. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a has a guide portion 55c and a sleeve contact surface 55d. The guide portion 55c guides the operating sleeve 23 when it is inserted. The guide portion 55c may have, for example, an inclined surface for guidance. The sleeve contact surface 55d contacts the outer cylindrical surface of the operating sleeve 23 of the tool holder 20 at the replacement position 1. The operating sleeve insertion hole 55a may open in front of the operating lever 55. The hook portion 56 is located on the left and right inner surfaces of the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. The hook portion 56 is a flat plate and extends in the front-rear direction. The end faces of the hook portion 56 are two parallel planes. The width 56a of the hook portion 56 is substantially equal to the width 23c of the receiving portion 23b. The thickness 56b of the hook portion 56 is less than the height 23d of the receiving portion 23b. The spring post passage hole 55b is located at the rear end of the operating lever 55. 【0032】 The tool holder detection switch 65 is located in the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. When the tool holder 20 is attached to the operating lever 55, the tool holder detection switch 65 detects the tool holder 20. For example, the tool holder detection switch 65 is a proximity switch. The tool holder detection switch 65 may also be located in the tool body insertion hole 51a of the push lever 51. 【0033】 The plunger 63 is positioned in the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. For example, the plunger 63 is a ball plunger. The plunger 63 is positioned slightly forward of the central axis 22 of the tool holder 20 in the replacement position 1. The plunger 63 presses the operating sleeve 23, which is inserted into the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a, toward the center. As a result, the plunger 63 biases the operating sleeve 23 toward the rear, causing the operating sleeve 23 to come into contact with the sleeve contact surface 55d. The plunger 63 may also be cylindrical in shape, extending in the vertical direction. 【0034】 The operating lever stem 57 has an outer cylindrical surface 57a, a first operating spring guide 57c, and a stopper ring 57b. The outer cylindrical surface 57a is a cylindrical surface. The outer cylindrical surface 57a slides in the operating lever guide hole 53b to guide the operating lever 55 in the vertical direction. The first operating spring guide 57c is a bottomed cylindrical hole. The first operating spring guide 57c is located at the lower end of the operating lever stem 57. The stopper ring 57b is located at the lower end of the operating lever stem 57. The stopper ring 57b catches on the operating lever stopper 53d to prevent the operating lever stem 57 from coming out upward. 【0035】 The operating spring 58 is a compression coil spring. The operating spring 58 is located inside the push lever guide hole 41c. The operating spring 58 is guided by the first operating spring guide 57c and the second operating spring guide 41d. The operating spring 58 biases the operating lever 55 upward. Preferably, the spring load of the operating spring 58 at the time of installation is smaller than the spring load of the holder spring 27 at the time of installation. 【0036】 The anti-compression spring 54 is a compression coil spring. The inner diameter of the anti-compression spring 54 is larger than the outer diameter of the stopper ring 57b. The anti-compression spring 54 is positioned inside the push lever guide hole 41c and the anti-compression spring guide hole 53c. The anti-compression spring 54 is guided by the anti-compression spring guide hole 53c. The spring load of the anti-compression spring 54 when installed is greater than the spring load of the holder spring 27 when compressed. 【0037】 The tilt suppression guide 59 extends below the push lever 51. In plan view, the tilt suppression guide 59 is positioned near the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. The tilt suppression guide 59 slides against the guide bush 59b. The tilt suppression guide 59 prevents the operating lever 55 from tilting when the operating lever 55 is pushed downward by the spindle 10. In addition, in a plan view, the tilt suppression guide 59 may be positioned on the opposite side of the operating lever stem 57 from the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. 【0038】 The spring post 45 has a post head 45a, an anti-tension spring guide 45b, and a male screw 45c. The post head 45a is located at the upper end of the spring post 45. The diameter of the post head 45a is larger than the diameter of the anti-tension spring guide 45b. The male screw 45c is located at the lower end of the spring post 45 and fastens to a tip-side stopper 41b. The spring post 45 passes through the spring post insertion hole 51b. 【0039】 The lift spring cover 43 is hollow and cylindrical. The lift spring cover 43 has a push lever stopper 43a. The push lever stopper 43a has a through hole 43c. The anti-lift spring guide 45b passes through the through hole 43c. The tip-side stopper 41b does not pass through the through hole 43c. The lift spring cover 43 is inserted into the spring post insertion hole 51b. 【0040】 For example, the anti-lift spring 46 is a disc spring. The anti-lift spring 46 is located inside the lift spring cover 43. The anti-lift spring guide 45b passes through the anti-lift spring 46 and guides it. The anti-lift spring 46 is located between the post head 45a and the push lever stopper 43a. When the push lever 51 is pulled up above the initial position 3, the anti-lift spring 46 biases the push lever 51 downward via the lift spring cover 43. 【0041】 The dog stem 48 is, for example, a stud bolt. The dog stem 48 is positioned at the rear end of the body 41a. The dog stem 48 extends upward above the body 41a. The tip dog 47 and the base dog 49 are fixed to the dog stem 48. The overtravel detection switch 60 is, for example, a proximity switch. The overtravel detection switch 60 is located at the rear end of the push lever 51. When the push lever 51 rises and exceeds the base end 92 of the stroke (see Figure 8D), the overtravel detection switch 60 detects the base end dog 49. When the push lever 51 descends and exceeds the tip end 94 of the stroke (see Figure 9C), the overtravel detection switch 60 detects the tip dog 47. 【0042】 Referring to Figures 8A to 8F, the method by which the spindle 10 transfers the tool holder 20 to the tool magazine 40 will be explained. Here, Figures 8A to 8F are cross-sectional views of the tool magazine 40 cut along the front-to-back and up-to-down planes passing through the center of the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. Figure 8A shows the spindle 10 with the tool holder 20 attached just before it moves to the exchange position 1. The spindle 10 rotates so that the hook portion 56 is inserted into the receiving portion 23b. In Figure 8A, the spindle 10 rotates so that the bottom surface of the receiving portion 23b faces in the front-to-back direction. Next, the height of the receiving portion 23b is adjusted to match the height of the hook portion 56 (Figure 8A). Then, the spindle 10 moves backward, and the tool holder 20 reaches the exchange position 1 (Figure 8B). At this time, the operating lever 55 is in its initial position. The push lever 51 is in its initial position 91. 【0043】 From the state shown in Figure 8B, the spindle 10 is pulled upward. The receiving portion 23b of the tool holder 20 is engaged with the hook portion 56. Also, the stopper ring 57b is engaged with the operating lever stopper 53d. Therefore, the distance between the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 is maintained. Furthermore, the push lever 51 is biased downward by the anti-pull-up spring 46 via the push lever stopper 43a. Here, the elastic force of the anti-pull-up spring 46 is greater than the elastic force of the holder spring 27. Therefore, the positions of the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 are maintained. Then, the upward movement of the operating sleeve 23 of the tool holder 20 is restricted, and the holder spring 27 compresses. Consequently, as the spindle 10 rises, the positions of the spindle 10 and the operating sleeve 23 move apart. At this point, since the holding claw 25a is engaged with the circumferential groove 13, the holding ring 25 is pulled out from the operating sleeve 23. As shown in Figure 8C, when the spindle 10 reaches the rotatable position 72, the drive key 23a disengages from the end face 10a. When the spindle 10 reaches the rotatable position 72, the spindle 10 can rotate 90 degrees. 【0044】 The spindle 10 may be further raised upward from the rotatable position 72. Figure 8D shows the state where the spindle 10 has been raised to the upper end 73 and the push lever 51 has reached the base end 92 of the stroke. At this time, the spindle 10, tool holder 20, operating lever 55, and push lever 51 are lifted upward together against the elastic force of the anti-lift spring 46. At this time, the operating lever 55 and push lever 51 are guided by the push lever guide 50. The small diameter portion 51d may be guided by the outer cylindrical surface of the tip-side stopper 41b. For example, because the tool holder 20 is collet-fastened, the length of the tool body 21 of the tool holder 20 can vary considerably. In this case, the tool holder 20 can be transferred more reliably by raising the spindle 10 slightly beyond the rotatable position 72. 【0045】 Next, the spindle 10 is rotated 90 degrees. This causes the position of the holding claw 25a to align with the drive groove 15. The drive groove 15 connects to the circumferential groove and connects to the end face 10a in the vertical direction. As a result, the holding claw 95a passes through the drive groove 15 and exits below the spindle 10. Simultaneously, the restoring force of the holder spring 27 causes the operating sleeve 23 to rise relative to the tool body 21 and return to the release position 4. The tool holder 20 is then removed from the spindle 10 and supported by the tool magazine 40. When the spindle 10 is raised to its upper end 73, when the spindle 10 rotates, the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 return to their initial positions 91 due to the restoring force of the anti-tension spring 46 (Figure 8E). 【0046】 Next, the spindle 10 is pulled up until the shank 21a of the tool holder 20 is removed from the spindle hole 11 (Figure 8F). This completes the transfer of the tool holder 20 from the spindle 10 to the tool magazine 40. 【0047】 Referring to Figures 9A to 9E, the method for transferring the tool holder 20 from the tool magazine 40 to the spindle 10 will be explained. Here, Figures 9A to 9E are cross-sectional views of the tool magazine 40 cut along the front-to-back and up-to-down planes passing through the center of the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. First, the central axis 17 of the spindle 10 is aligned with the central axis 22 of the tool holder 20 stored in the tool magazine 40. Then, the spindle 10 is rotated to align the position of the drive groove 15 with the holding claw 25a (Figure 9A). Next, the spindle 10 is moved downward. 【0048】 As shown in Figure 9B, when the spindle 10 is lowered along the central axis 17, the shank 21a is inserted into the spindle hole 11. The end face 10a of the spindle 10 comes into contact with the drive key 23a. At this time, the tip surface of the tool body 21 is spaced upward from the contact surface 52a. When the spindle 10 is lowered further, the operating spring 58 begins to compress, and the operating lever 55 goes down. Then, the tip of the tool body 21 comes into contact with the contact surface 52a. When the spindle 10 is lowered further, the holder spring 27 compresses, and the end face 10a comes into contact with the end face 21b. At this point, the drive key 23a reaches the end face 21b. The holding pawl 25a passes through the drive groove 15 and reaches the circumferential groove 13. This position is the rotatable position 75. Once the spindle 10 reaches the rotatable position 75, the spindle 10 can rotate. Furthermore, since the spring load of the anti-compression spring 54 is stronger than the spring load of the holder spring 27, the push lever 51 does not move at this point. 【0049】 The spindle 10 may be pushed down further beyond the rotatable position 75. Figure 9C shows the state where the spindle 10 has been pushed down to the lower end 76 and the push lever 51 has reached the stroke tip 94. When the spindle 10 is pushed down further from the rotatable position 75, the tool holder 20, the operating lever 55, and the push lever 51 descend together. The operating lever 55 is guided by the operating lever guide 64. The spindle 10 descends against the elastic forces of the holder spring 27, the operating spring 58, and the anti-compression spring 54. During this time, the spindle 10 remains rotatable. At this time, the tip-side stopper 41b may guide the small diameter portion 51d. For example, the operating sleeve 23 is loosely fitted to the tool body 21. Therefore, the position of the operating sleeve 23 relative to the tool body 21 may vary. In this case, the tool holder 20 can be reliably transferred by pushing the spindle 10 slightly downward from the rotatable position 75. 【0050】 Next, the spindle 10 is rotated 90 degrees. This causes the drive key 23a to align with the drive groove 15. As the spindle 10 rotates, the holding pawl 25a slides circumferentially along the circumferential groove 13. The restoring force of the holder spring 27 pushes the operating sleeve 23 upward relative to the tool body 21. The drive key 23a then engages with the drive groove 15. The holding ring 25 then moves to the locked position 2. At this point, the holding pawl 25a biases the circumferential groove 13 downward, locking the tool holder 20 to the spindle 10. The operating lever 55 moves upward relative to the push lever 51 by the amount of movement of the operating sleeve 23 due to the restoring force of the operating spring 58 (Figure 9D). 【0051】 Next, the spindle 10 is moved forward. The receiving part 23b disengages from the hook part 56, and the operating lever 55 and the push lever 51 return to their initial positions 91 (Figure 9E). This completes the transfer of the tool holder 20 from the tool magazine 40 to the spindle 10. 【0052】 According to the tool magazine 40 of this embodiment, the tool holder 20 can be automatically exchanged between the spindle 10 and the tool magazine 40. 【0053】 When transferring the tool holder 20 from the spindle 10 to the tool magazine 40, the pulling force of the spindle 10 acting on the operating lever 55 is applied to the exchange position 1. The exchange position 1 is located in front of the operating lever guide 64. Therefore, when the spindle 10 is pulled up, a moment is applied to the operating lever guide 64. Since the tilt suppression guide 59 is positioned closer to the exchange position 1 than the operating lever guide 64, it allows the operating lever 55 to move smoothly in the vertical direction. 【0054】 The plunger 63 biases the operating sleeve 23 toward the sleeve contact surface 55d. Therefore, even if the installation position of the tool magazine 40 is changed so that, for example, the central axis 17 of the tool holder 20 in the replacement position 1 is horizontal, the position of the tool holder 20 is less likely to shift. 【0055】 (Embodiment 2) As shown in Figures 10 to 12, the tool magazine 140 of this embodiment includes an operating lever 155, a stopper 178, a magazine body 141, an overtravel detection switch 160, a tip dog 147, and a base dog 149. The tool magazine 140 of this embodiment does not have a tilt suppression guide 59. The other components of the tool magazine 140 are substantially the same as those of the tool magazine 40 of Embodiment 1. 【0056】 The operating lever 155 includes a lever body 177, a pair of pinch levers 179, a pair of pinch pins 180, and a compression coil spring (elastic body) 181. 【0057】 The lever body 177 has a pair of bench portions 177a, a guide hole 177b, a sleeve contact surface 55d, and a spring post passage hole 55b. The lever body 177 is rectangular in shape. The pair of bench portions 177a are located at the front left and right ends of the lever body 177. The bench portions 177a are bases located below the upper surface of the lever body 177. The bench portions 177a may extend towards the front end and into the central part of the lever body 177. The guide hole 177b is a cylindrical hole extending in the left-right direction. The guide hole 177b passes through between the left and right bench portions 177a. The inner diameter of the guide hole 177b is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the compression coil spring 181. The sleeve contact surface 55d is the front end surface of the lever body 177. The rear end of the lever body 177 extends to the center of the spring post passage hole 55b. The spring post passage hole 55b is semi-cylindrical and located towards the front. 【0058】 Each pinch lever 179 is positioned on each bench section 177a. A pair of pinch levers 179 are positioned symmetrically. Each pinch lever 179 has a pivot hole 179a, a pinch section 179b, and a lever section 179c. The pivot hole 179a is located in the center of the pinch lever 179. The pivot hole 179a penetrates the pinch lever 179 vertically upward. 【0059】 The pinch portion 179b is the portion of the pinch lever 179 that is forward of the pivot hole 179a. The pinch portion 179b has a projection 179d, a contact surface 179e, a relief portion 179g, and a hook portion 56. The projection 179d is located at the front end of the pinch lever 179. The projection 179d has a contact surface 179e. The contact surface 179e approaches the left and right ends of the operating lever 155 as it moves towards the rear. The relief portion 179g extends rearward from the projection 179d. The contact surface 179e, the relief portion 179g, and the sleeve contact surface 55d define the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. The hook portion 56 is located at the lower end of the pinch portion 179b. The hook portion 56 is located below the relief portion 179g. 【0060】 The lever portion 179c is the rear portion of the pinch lever 179 relative to the pivot hole 179a. The lever portion 179c has a retaining hole 179f. The inner end face 179h of the lever portion 179c of the operating lever 155 inclines outward as it extends towards the rear. The angle between the end face 179h and the bench portion 177a is defined as the relief angle 67. The retaining hole 179f is located at the rear end of the pinch lever 179. The retaining hole 179f extends in the left-right direction. The retaining hole 179f is a bottomed hole opening into the end face 179h. The retaining hole 179f faces the guide hole 177b. 【0061】 A pair of pinch pins 180 are positioned at the front of the bench portion 177a. The pinch pins 180 extend vertically. Each pinch pin 180 has a shaft portion 180a and a head portion 180b. The shaft portion 180a passes through the pivot hole 179a. The shaft portion 180a slides within the pivot hole 179a. The head portion 180b holds the pinch lever 179 downward. The pinch pin 180 pivotably supports the pinch lever 179 around the pinch pin 180. 【0062】 The compression coil spring 181 passes through the guide hole 177b. The left and right ends of the compression coil spring 181 are supported by the retaining holes 179f. The compression coil spring 181 is positioned to be shorter than its natural length. The compression coil spring 181 biases the lever portions 179c of the pair of pinch levers 179 in the direction of opening. 【0063】 The compression coil spring 181 applies a force F1 to the pair of pinch levers 179. The compression coil spring 181 then pushes the pinch portion 179b radially inward into the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. The pinch lever 179 acts as a lever with the pinch pin 180 as the fulcrum, the holding hole 179f as the point of force application, and the projection 179d as the point of application. When the operating sleeve 23 is inserted into the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a, the projection 179d applies a force F2 to the operating sleeve 23. Here, since the contact surface 179e is inclined with respect to the front-rear direction, the force F2 applied from the contact surface 179e to the operating sleeve 23 is directed slightly backward. The force F2 is applied symmetrically to the operating sleeve 23 from the pair of contact surfaces 179e arranged on the left and right. Therefore, the operating sleeve 23 is biased backward by the resultant force from the pair of contact surfaces 179e. This allows the operating sleeve 23 to come into contact with the sleeve contact surface 55d. 【0064】 A pair of stoppers 178 are positioned at the left and right ends of the lever body 177. The stoppers 178 are, for example, cylindrical in shape. Part of the stoppers 178 extends above the bench portion 177a. The stoppers 178 restrict the angle at which the lever portion 179c opens. The stoppers 178 prevent the pinch portion 179b from closing, making it easier to insert the operating sleeve 23. Furthermore, if the front end of the lever body 177 has a shape that can prevent the pinch portion 179b from closing excessively, the stopper 178 may be omitted. 【0065】 The tip dog 147 and the base dog 149 are positioned at the rear end of the push lever 51. The tip dog 147 is positioned above the base dog 149. 【0066】 Magazine body 141 is substantially identical to magazine body 41. Magazine body 141 has been modified by removing the excess material from magazine body 41. The overtravel detection switch 160 is located at the rear end of the magazine body 141. The overtravel detection switch 160 has a detection unit 160a. When the push lever 51 rises and exceeds the base end 92, the overtravel detection switch 160 detects the base end dog 149. When the push lever 51 descends and exceeds the stroke tip 94, the overtravel detection switch 160 detects the tip dog 147. 【0067】 The operation and effects of the tool magazine 140 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 13A and 13B. Here, Figure 13A is a cross-sectional view of the tool magazine 140 cut along the front-to-back and top-to-bottom planes passing through the center of the operating sleeve insertion hole 55a. Figure 13B is a plan view of the tool magazine 140 when the tool holder 20 is mistakenly inserted into the tool magazine 140. 【0068】 As shown in Figure 13A, when the spindle 10 transfers the tool holder 20 to the tool magazine 140, the spindle 10 moves backward and the tool holder 20 moves toward the exchange position 1. As the tool holder 20 moves, the pinch lever 179 swings around the pinch pin 180 to open and close. When the tool holder 20 arrives at the exchange position 1, the hook portion 56 is inserted into the receiving portion 23b. Also, when the tool holder 20 is pulled out of the tool magazine 140 in the opposite direction to Figure 13A, the pinch lever 179 opens and closes. 【0069】 As shown in Figure 13A, when the spindle 10 moves the tool holder 20 to the tool magazine 140, the height and rotational phase of the hook portion 56 and the receiving portion 23b may not coincide. In the example shown in Figure 13B, the rotational phase is misaligned. When the spindle 10 moves the tool holder 20 backward toward the exchange position 1, the hook portion 56 is not inserted into the receiving portion 23b, and the hook portion 56 collides with the cylindrical surface on the outer circumference of the operating sleeve 23. In this embodiment, the operating lever 155 is divided into a lever body 177 and a pinch lever 179. The pinch lever 179 can be opened and closed by swinging around a pinch pin 180. As shown in Figure 13B, as the spindle 10 moves, the pinch lever 179 rotates against the elastic force of the compression coil spring 181, and the pinch portion 179b opens. Here, the pinch portion 179b can open to a relief angle of 67. With the tool magazine 140 of this embodiment, since the pinch portion 179b opens, damage to the tool holder 20 and the operating lever 155 can be suppressed. 【0070】 (Embodiment 3) As shown in Figure 14, the pinch lever 279 of this embodiment has a relief portion 279g, a leaf spring (projection) 279d, and a hook portion 56. The other structures of the pinch lever 279 of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the pinch lever 179 of Embodiment 2. 【0071】 The relief portion 279g extends to the front end of the pinch lever 279. A hook portion 56 is positioned below the relief portion 279g. The front end of the hook portion 56 may be notched. The leaf spring 279d is triangular in shape when viewed from above. When a force is applied to the leaf spring 279d toward the outside of the operating lever 155, it elastically deforms and rebounds in the direction of the force F3. The leaf spring 279d biases the inserted operating sleeve 23 toward the sleeve contact surface 55d by elastic force. 【0072】 (Embodiment 4) As shown in Figure 15, the pinch lever 379 of this embodiment has a relief portion 379g, a plunger (projection) 379d, and a hook portion 56. The other structures of the pinch lever 379 of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the pinch lever 179 of Embodiment 2. 【0073】 The relief portion 379g in this embodiment is the same as the relief portion 279g in Embodiment 2. The plunger 379d is, for example, a spring plunger. The tip shape of the plunger 379d is a right circular column extending in the vertical direction. For example, the plunger 379d has a coil spring inside. The plunger 379d is pushed out in the direction of arrow F4. The plunger 379d biases the inserted operating sleeve 23 against the sleeve contact surface 55d by the elastic force of the coil spring. Note that the plunger 379d may also be a ball plunger. 【0074】 The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. All technical matters included in the technical concept described in the claims are covered by the present invention. The embodiments described above are preferred examples, but those skilled in the art can realize various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements from the contents disclosed herein, and these are included in the technical scope described in the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols] 【0075】 10 spindle 11 Main shaft hole 13 Circumferential groove 15 drive grooves 20 Tool Holders 21 Tool Body 21a Shank 23 Operation Sleeve 23a Drive Key 23b Receptor area 25 Hold Rings 25a Holding claw 27. Holder spring (holder elastic body) 40 Tool Magazines 41 Magazine Body 53d Operating lever stopper 55 Operating lever 55a Operation sleeve insertion hole 56 Hook part 58. Operating spring (operating elastic body) 64 Operating Lever Guide
Claims
[Claim 1] A tool holder mounted on a spindle having a spindle hole, a circumferential groove located on the outer circumference of the spindle, and a drive groove located at the tip of the spindle and connected to the circumferential groove, A tool body having a shank inserted into the main spindle hole, An operating sleeve is positioned radially outward of the tool body, biased toward the base end of the spindle, and reciprocates in the axial direction of the spindle, A drive key is inserted into the drive groove and transmits the rotation of the spindle to the tool body, A receiving portion located on the outer circumference of the aforementioned operating sleeve, An operating sleeve having, A holder elastic body that biases the operating sleeve toward the spindle relative to the tool body, A holding ring disposed on the tool body, having a holding claw that passes through the drive groove and hooks into the circumferential groove, A tool magazine that houses a tool holder having such a tool holder so that it can be transferred between it and the spindle, Magazine body and An operating lever disposed in the magazine body, capable of supporting the operating sleeve and reciprocating in the axial direction of the main spindle, The operating sleeve insertion hole into which the aforementioned operating sleeve is inserted, A hook portion is positioned in the operating sleeve insertion hole and is hooked onto the receiving portion, An operating lever having, An operating lever guide that guides the operating lever in the axial direction of the main spindle, An operating elastic body that biases the operating lever toward the base end of the main shaft against the elastic force of the holder elastic body, A push lever having a pressing portion that can contact the tool body and is reciprocable in the axial direction of the main spindle, A push lever guide that guides the push lever in the axial direction of the main shaft, An anti-indentation elastic body that biases the push lever toward the base end of the main shaft, A push lever stopper holds the push lever in place so that it does not protrude from the magazine body, Having, Tool magazine. [Claim 2] An elastic support post is arranged in the magazine body, An anti-tension elastic body is positioned between the elastic support post and the push lever, and biases the push lever toward the tip of the main shaft, It further possesses, The push lever has an operating lever stopper that holds the operating lever in place so that it does not pop out of the magazine body. The tool magazine according to claim 1. [Claim 3] The magazine body further comprises a front-end stopper, The push lever stopper is positioned between the anti-pull elastic body and the push lever, biased by the anti-pull elastic body toward the tip of the main shaft, and reciprocates along the elastic body support post toward the base end of the main shaft, more so than the tip-side stopper. The tool magazine according to claim 2. [Claim 4] The aforementioned operating lever guide is An operating shaft extending from the aforementioned operating lever, The operating lever guide hole into which the operating shaft is inserted, It has, The aforementioned push lever guide is A push shaft extending from the aforementioned push lever, A push lever guide hole located in the magazine body into which the push shaft is inserted, It has, The aforementioned operating lever guide hole passes through the push shaft, A tool magazine according to any one of claims 1 to 3. [Claim 5] The anti-indentation elastic body is positioned in the push lever guide hole, The operating elastic body is positioned in the push lever guide hole. The tool magazine according to claim 4. [Claim 6] A tool holder to be mounted on a spindle, having a spindle hole, a circumferential groove located on the outer circumference of the spindle, and a drive groove located at the tip of the spindle and connected to the circumferential groove, A tool body having a shank inserted into the main spindle hole, An operating sleeve is positioned radially outward of the tool body, biased toward the base end of the spindle, and reciprocates in the axial direction of the spindle, A drive key is inserted into the drive groove and transmits the rotation of the spindle to the tool body, A receiving portion located on the outer circumference of the aforementioned operating sleeve, An operating sleeve having, A holder elastic body that biases the operating sleeve toward the spindle relative to the tool body, A holding ring disposed on the tool body, having a holding claw that passes through the drive groove and hooks into the circumferential groove, A tool magazine that houses a tool holder having such a tool holder so that it can be transferred between it and the spindle, Magazine body and An operating lever disposed in the magazine body, capable of supporting the operating sleeve and reciprocating in the axial direction of the main spindle, The operating sleeve insertion hole into which the aforementioned operating sleeve is inserted, A hook portion is positioned in the operating sleeve insertion hole and is hooked onto the receiving portion, An operating lever having, An operating lever guide that guides the operating lever in the axial direction of the main spindle, An operating elastic body that biases the operating lever toward the base end of the main shaft against the elastic force of the holder elastic body, A tilt suppression guide is positioned between the center of the tool holder supported by the tool magazine and the operating lever guide, and the operating lever is prevented from tilting relative to the magazine body. Having, Tool magazine. [Claim 7] The operating lever or the push lever is further provided with a tool holder detection switch for detecting the tool holder. A tool magazine according to any one of claims 1 to 3. [Claim 8] An overtravel detection switch located on the push lever, The tip dog is located in the magazine body and is detected by the overtravel detection switch when the push lever reaches the end of the movement in the tip direction of the main shaft, A base dog is positioned in the magazine body and is detected by the overtravel detection switch when the push lever reaches the base end of the spindle. A tool magazine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the following: [Claim 9] The aforementioned operating lever is Lever body and A pair of pinch levers, which are pivotably supported on the lever body, Each of the aforementioned pinch levers has the aforementioned hook portion, When the operating sleeve is inserted into the operating sleeve insertion hole, the operating sleeve is biased inward into the operating sleeve insertion hole so as to pinch the operating sleeve from the circumferential direction. A pair of pinch levers, A tool magazine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having the following features. [Claim 10] The aforementioned operating sleeve insertion hole has an opening in the insertion direction, The lever body has a sleeve contact surface located on the opposite side of the opening of the operating sleeve insertion hole, The tool magazine according to claim 9. [Claim 11] The pinch lever has a projection that protrudes toward the operating sleeve insertion hole and biases the operating sleeve inserted into the operating sleeve insertion hole toward the sleeve contact surface. The tool magazine according to claim 10. [Claim 12] The aforementioned operating lever is A pinch pin is positioned on the lever body, An elastic body is supported so as to be sandwiched between the pair of pinch levers and biases the pinch levers, A tool magazine according to claim 9, having the following features.