Ventilation system

Abstract

To provide a ventilation device having a damper, a function to close by a wind pressure, and a function to forcibly close by a manual operation.SOLUTION: A ventilation device 1 assembled in a sash window 5 has a slender device body 10 having a ventilation passage 14, a pair of end caps 20 to block openings at both ends in a longer direction of the ventilation passage 14, a damper 30 that is rotatably supported by the end caps 20 and opens and closes the ventilation passage 14, and an energizing member 55 to energize the damper 30 toward an open position. The damper 30 is closed by receiving a wind pressure from the outside of a room. An operation member 70 has an action part 76 protruding in an outdoor direction. When the operation member 70 is located at a first operation position, the action part 76 is located at an upper position so as not to interfere an opening and closing operation of the damper 30. When the operation member 70 is operated from the first operation position to a second operation position, the action part 76 presses a part 30b on an indoor side of the damper 30 downward to forcibly rotate the damper 30 to a closing position against the energizing member 55.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3A

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a ventilation device incorporated in a sash window, which closes the ventilation passage when the wind is strong and can also be forcibly closed manually. 【Background Art】 【0002】 The ventilation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes an elongated device body having a partition wall formed with a ventilation opening, a first operating plate slidably supported on the device body on the indoor side of the partition wall for opening and closing the ventilation opening, and a manual operation mechanism for manually opening and closing this first operating plate. Further, this ventilation device includes a second operating plate as a damper rotatably supported on the device body on the outdoor side of the partition wall, and a spring for holding this second operating plate in an open position away from the partition wall. When the first operating plate is opened by the manual operation mechanism and the house is left unattended, if the wind and rain become intense, the second operating plate is pushed by the wind pressure, contacts the partition wall against the force of the spring, and closes the ventilation opening, so that the wind and rain can be prevented from entering the room. 【0003】 In the ventilation device of Patent Document 2, an operating plate as a damper rotatably supported on an elongated device body is in an open state by hitting a cam of the device body by the force of a spring, and closes when receiving wind pressure. Further, this ventilation device includes a manual operation mechanism, and by sliding the operating plate in the longitudinal direction of the device body, the operating plate can be forcibly closed by the action of the cam. 【Prior Art Documents】 【Patent Documents】 【0004】 【Patent Document 1】 WO2015 / 198416 【Patent Document 2】 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021 - 36121 【Disclosure of the Invention】 【Problems to be Solved by the Invention】 【0005】 The ventilation device described in Patent Document 1 has a function to close the operating plate by air pressure and a function to forcibly close the operating plate by manual operation, but it requires two operating plates. The ventilation device described in Patent Document 2 can perform both a function of closing by air pressure and a function of forcibly closing by manual operation using a single operating plate. However, the configuration is complex and costly because it requires the installation of a cam member in the device body and the application of spring force to the operating plate while allowing the operating plate to slide. [Means for solving the problem] 【0006】 The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a ventilation device incorporated into a sash window, comprising: an elongated device body having a ventilation passage; a pair of end caps that close the openings at both longitudinal ends of the ventilation passage; a damper disposed within the ventilation passage and extending in the longitudinal direction of the device body, and rotatably supported by the device body or the end caps between an open position and a closed position; and a biasing member that biases the damper toward the open position, wherein the damper is arranged to rotate toward the closed position against the biasing member by receiving wind pressure from outside, and further, the device body has a first operating position and a second The device is characterized by comprising an operating member that is operable between two operating positions, the operating member having an action portion that protrudes outward, the action portion moving in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the device body and the indoor-outdoor direction as the operating member is operated, the action portion being in a position that does not obstruct the opening and closing operation of the damper when the operating member is in the first operating position, and when the operating member is operated from the first operating position to the second operating position, the action portion acting directly on the damper to apply a rotational torque to the damper that is opposed to the biasing member, thereby forcibly closing the damper. 【0007】 According to the above configuration, when the operating member is in the first operating position, the damper can be opened and closed in accordance with the wind pressure, and when the operating member is operated from the first operating position to the second operating position, the acting part of the operating member directly acts on the damper to forcibly close it. Thus, despite being a simple structure with a single damper, it can have both a function to close in strong winds and a function to forcibly close by manual operation. 【0008】 Preferably, the damper is rotatably supported by the pair of end caps with its widthwise middle portion as the axis of rotation, and has a first portion located on the outdoor side and a second portion located on the indoor side of the axis of rotation, the acting part of the operating member acts on the second portion to forcibly close the damper, and in the closed position of the damper, the first portion and the second portion respectively contact a pair of damper receiving parts arranged on the main body of the device with the ventilation passage in between. With this configuration, the operating part of the control member acts on the second part of the damper on the indoor side, allowing for a smooth forced closing operation. 【0009】 Preferably, a pair of damper holders, provided as part of the damper, are attached to both longitudinal ends of the damper, the damper holders are rotatably supported by the end caps, and a torsion spring as the biasing member is positioned between the damper holders and the end caps, the torsion springs biasing the damper holders and, consequently, the damper. With this configuration, the torsion spring, which acts as a biasing member, can be hidden between the damper holder and the end cap. 【0010】 Preferably, one of the pair of damper holders has an operating receiving portion located on the interior side of the rotation axis and provided as part of the second portion of the damper, and the acting portion of the operating member strikes the operating receiving portion during a forced closing operation. With this configuration, the area where the operating part of the control member makes contact can be optimized, regardless of the cross-sectional shape of the damper. 【0011】 Preferably, the main body of the device extends horizontally, the main body of the device and the end cap have an outdoor projection that protrudes outside from the sash window, the ventilation passage extends to the outdoor projection of the main body of the device, the outdoor projection of the main body of the device has an outdoor space located below the ventilation passage with an open lower end, a horizontal wall with numerous ventilation openings is positioned between the ventilation passage and the outdoor space, and the damper rotates to a closed position when it receives wind pressure from the outdoor space, with the first part moving upward and the second part moving downward, and during forced closing operation, the operating part moves downward. This configuration allows for the weakening of wind and rain as they are blown upwards through the outdoor space, thereby reducing the amount of wind and rain that enters the ventilation passage. 【0012】 In one embodiment, the operating member is supported so as to be rotatable about another axis of rotation extending in the indoor-outdoor direction, and the working part is positioned at a location spaced apart from the other axis of rotation. In another embodiment, the operating member slides linearly. [Effects of the Invention] 【0013】 According to the present invention, a simple structure having a single damper can be equipped with both a function to close by wind pressure and a function to forcibly close by manual operation. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0014】 [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing a ventilation device according to one embodiment of the present invention, with its length shown being shorter than its actual length. [Figure 2] This is a front view of the right side of the ventilation device. [Figure 3A] This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in Figure 2, showing the damper in the open position. [Figure 3B] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III, illustrating the damper in a closed state due to wind pressure. [Figure 3C]It is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2, showing a state where the damper is forcibly closed by the operation of the operation member. [Figure 4] It is a front view showing the damper and the damper holder attached to the right end portion of this damper. [Figure 5] It is an exploded perspective view showing the damper holder, the end cap, the shaft pin, and the torsion spring. [Figure 6A] It is a side view of the end cap seen from the inside, showing the position of the spring receiving portion of the damper holder when the damper is in the open position. [Figure 6B] It is a side view of the end cap seen from the inside, showing the position of the spring receiving portion of the damper holder when the damper is in the closed position. [Figure 7] It is a perspective view of the operation member and the operation member holder of the ventilation device seen from the indoor side, where (a) shows the state before assembling the two, and (b) shows the assembled state. [Figure 8] It is a perspective view of the operation member and the operation member holder of the ventilation device seen from the outdoor side, where (a) shows the state before assembling the two, and (b) shows the assembled state. [Figure 9] It is a side view of the end cap seen from the outside, showing a state where the drain passage and the water storage tank are exposed with the cover omitted. [Figure 10] It is an exploded perspective view of the end cap and the cover. [Figure 11] It shows a slide-type operation member in a ventilation device according to another embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a perspective view seen from the indoor side, and (b) is a perspective view seen from the outdoor side. 【Mode for Carrying Out the Invention】 【0015】 <Schematic Configuration of Ventilation Device> Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ventilation device 1 includes an elongated device body 10 and a pair of end caps 20 having the same shape attached to both longitudinal ends thereof. 【0016】 <Ventilation system and sash windows> As shown in Figure 3A, the sash window 5 into which the ventilation device 1 is incorporated has a vertically elongated rectangular frame consisting of an upper frame 5a, a lower frame (not shown), and left and right vertical frames 5b. The ventilation device 1 in this embodiment extends horizontally along the upper frame 5a and is assembled to the lower part of the upper frame 5a. The glass plate 6 has its upper edge fitted into the ventilation device 1, its lower edge fitted into the lower frame, and its left and right side edges fitted into the vertical frames 5b. As will be described later, the ventilation device 1 in this embodiment protrudes outward from the sash window 5. 【0017】 <About the device itself> As shown in Figure 3A, the main body of the device 10 is constructed by assembling three extruded profiles 11, 12, and 13 made of aluminum alloy or resin. The outdoor profile 11 constitutes an outdoor projection 10a that protrudes further outward than the vertical frame 5b of the sash window 5 in the main body of the device 10. A ventilation opening 11b is formed in the lower horizontal wall 11a of the exterior formwork 11, and a ventilation opening 12b is also formed in the vertical wall 12a located on the interior side of the intermediate formwork 12. The internal space between the horizontal wall 11a of the exterior formwork 11 and the vertical wall 12a of the intermediate formwork 12 is provided as a ventilation passage 14. The ventilation device 14 extends to the exterior projection 10a of the device body 10. 【0018】 The indoor-side molded member 13 has a vertical wall 13a adjacent to the vertical wall 12a of the intermediate molded member 12, and a ventilation opening 13b is also formed in this vertical wall 13a. The indoor-side molded member 13 has a pair of retaining pieces 13c that face each other vertically. Triangular engaging protrusions are formed on the opposing surfaces of this pair of retaining pieces 13c. A filter holder 15 for holding a filter (not shown) is housed between this pair of retaining pieces 13c. A ventilation opening 15b is also formed in the vertical wall 15a of this filter holder 15. The filter holder 15 has elastic engaging pieces 15c that are bent vertically, and the filter holder 15 is detachably held in the indoor-side molded member 13 by fitting these elastic engaging pieces 15c onto the engaging protrusions of the retaining pieces 13c of the indoor-side molded member 13. 【0019】 The ventilation openings 11b of the exterior-side profile 11 have an elongated shape in the in-indoor / out-out direction and are arranged in large numbers along the longitudinal direction of the device body 10. In addition, the other ventilation openings 12b, 13b, and 15b have an elongated shape in the vertical direction and are arranged in large numbers along the longitudinal direction of the device body 10. 【0020】 Damper receiving portions 16 and 17, which perform the functions described later, are formed on the upper and lower horizontal walls of the intermediate profile 12. These damper receiving portions 16 and 17 are arranged vertically on either side of the ventilation passage 14. The upper damper receiving portion 16 protrudes with an inclination downward, and a packing 16a is attached to its exterior surface. The lower damper receiving portion 17 protrudes with an inclination upward, and a packing 17a is attached to its interior surface. 【0021】 The intermediate formwork 12 has an upright wall that protrudes upward, and this upright wall is fitted into a recess in the upper frame 5a. Each of the formwork members 11 to 13 has a hanging wall, and the upper edge of the glass door is fitted into a recess formed between the hanging wall of the intermediate formwork 12 and the hanging wall of the indoor formwork 13. An outdoor space 18 with an open lower end is formed between the hanging wall of the outdoor formwork 11 and the hanging wall of the intermediate formwork 12. This outdoor space 18 is located below the outdoor end of the ventilation passage 14, and the aforementioned horizontal wall 11a is interposed between the ventilation passage 14 and the outdoor space 18. 【0022】 <Regarding end caps> The end cap 20 is an injection-molded resin product and has a shape that corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the device body 10. Specifically, as shown in Figures 5, 6A, 9, and 10, it has an exterior projection 20a that protrudes outward from the sash window 5 corresponding to the exterior projection 10a of the device body 10, a convex portion 20b that protrudes upward corresponding to the upright wall of the intermediate mold 12 of the device body 10 and is inserted into a recess in the upper frame 5a, and a recess 20c into which the glass door 6 is inserted. Furthermore, the end cap 20 has a convex portion 20d that protrudes outward in the longitudinal direction of the device body 10 and is inserted into the vertical frame 5b. 【0023】 As shown in Figure 2, only the protruding portion 20d (first portion) of the end cap 20 is inserted into the vertical frame 5b, while the other portion (second portion) is located outside the vertical frame 5b and is exposed both indoors and outdoors. This exposed portion on the outdoor side is the outdoor protruding portion 20a. 【0024】 As shown in Figures 3A, 5, and 6A, the end cap 20 has a flat closing wall 21 that abuts against the end of the device body 10. The closing wall 21 has a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the device body 10 and closes the openings at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation passage 14 and the outdoor space 18. 【0025】 The end caps 20 have screw insertion holes 29, and are fixed to the left and right ends of the device body 10 by passing tapping screws (not shown) through the screw insertion holes 29 from the outside and screwing them into tapping holes 19 formed in the intermediate profile 12 of the device body 10. 【0026】 <Regarding dampers and their associated components> As shown in Figure 3A, a damper 30 (opening / closing member) made of an extruded material extending in the longitudinal direction of the device body 10 is arranged in the ventilation passage 14 of the device body 10. The damper 30 is rotatably supported by the left and right end caps 20 via a pair of identically shaped damper holders 40 attached to both ends in its longitudinal direction. The damper holders 40 are accessory members that move integrally with the damper 30 and are provided as part of the damper 30. 【0027】 The damper 30 is rotatable about a longitudinally extending axis L between the open position in a nearly horizontal posture shown in Figure 3A and the closed position in an inclined posture shown in Figure 3B. While various cross-sectional shapes can be used for the damper 30, the damper 30 in this embodiment has a damper body 31 with a flattened rhombic hollow cross-sectional shape, through which the axis of rotation L passes. A wind-receiving fin 32 is formed on one end of the damper body 31 on the outdoor side. As a result, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the first portion 30a, which consists of the half of the damper body 31 on the outdoor side of the axis of rotation L and the wind-receiving fin 32, is larger than the pressure-receiving area of ​​the second portion 30b, which consists of the half of the damper body 31 on the indoor side of the axis of rotation L. 【0028】 When the damper 30 is in the closed position, the first portion 30a of the damper body 31 contacts the packing 16a of the upper damper receiving portion 16 of the device body 10, and the second portion 30b contacts the packing 17a of the lower damper receiving portion 17, thereby closing the ventilation passage 14. 【0029】 As shown in Figures 3A, 4, and 5, the damper holder 40 has a flanged, disc-shaped base 41, a pair of support parts 42 formed on the inner surface of the base 41 (the surface facing the ventilation passage 14) so ​​as to protrude in the longitudinal direction of the device body 10, and a spring receiving part 44 formed on the outer surface of the base 41 at a position off-center. 【0030】 The damper holder 40 is attached to the damper 30 by having a pair of support parts 42 that sandwich the end of the damper 30. The opposing surfaces of the pair of support parts 42 have a concave shape that engages with the convex shape of the damper 30, thereby enabling the damper holder 40 to stably support the damper 30. 【0031】 The upper end of the indoor-facing end of the upper support portion 42 of one of the damper holders 40 (the right damper holder 40 in this embodiment) is provided as an operating receiving portion 42x (part of the second portion 30b of the damper 30) which performs the function described later. 【0032】 As shown in Figures 5 and 6A, circular receiving recesses 22 are formed on the inner surfaces (facing the ventilation passage 14) of the closing walls 21 of the left and right end caps 20, and the bases 41 of the left and right damper holders 40 are respectively housed in these receiving recesses 22. Bearing holes (not shown) are formed in the center of the base 41 and in the center of the back surface of the receiving recess 22, and shaft pins 50 are inserted into these bearing holes. These shaft pins 50 rotatably support the damper holders 40 and, consequently, the dampers 30, on the end caps 20. 【0033】 A groove 23 is formed on the inner surface of the receiving recess 22 of the end cap 20, forming an arc with respect to the axis of rotation L, and the spring receiving portion 44 of the damper holder 40 is inserted into this groove 23. 【0034】 Between the receiving recesses 22 of the left and right end caps 20 and the bases 41 of the left and right damper holders 40, torsion springs 55 (biasing members) are positioned to bias the damper 30 toward the horizontal open position described above. The shaft pin 50 described above is inserted into the central coil portion of the torsion spring 55. One end 55a of the torsion spring 55 is inserted and fixed into a slit 24 formed on the back surface of the receiving recess 22, and the other end 55b contacts the spring receiving portion 44 of the damper holder 40 described above, pressing this spring receiving portion 44 downward. As a result, the damper 30 is biased in the counterclockwise direction in Figure 3A by the torsion spring 55. As shown in Figure 6A, one end of the groove 23 is provided as a stopper 23a, and the spring receiving portion 44 contacts this stopper 23a, thereby maintaining the horizontal open position shown in Figure 3A. The torsion spring 55 is concealed by the damper holder 40 and isolated from the ventilation passage 14. 【0035】 <Damper opening and closing operation> When the damper 30 is in the open position shown in Figure 3A, outside air is guided into the room through the outdoor space 18, ventilation opening 11b, ventilation passage 14, ventilation openings 12b, 13b, and 15b. 【0036】 When wind and rain are severe, the damper 30 receives wind blowing up from the outdoor space 18. At this time, because the wind pressure at the first part 30a on the outdoor side of the damper 30 is stronger than the wind pressure at the second part 30b on the indoor side, and because the pressure-receiving area of ​​the first part 30a is larger than the pressure-receiving area of ​​the second part 30b, the damper 30 rotates clockwise against the elasticity of the torsion spring 55, and as shown in Figure 3B, the first part 30a and the second part 30b come into contact with the damper receiving parts 16 and 17 of the device body 10, respectively, blocking the ventilation passage 14. As a result, wind and rain can be prevented from blowing into the room even when the occupants are away. Excessive ventilation during strong winds can also be prevented. Furthermore, because the pressure-receiving area of ​​the first part 30a of the damper 30 is larger than the pressure-receiving area of ​​the second part 30b, the damper 30 can maintain its closed position due to wind pressure. 【0037】 Furthermore, as wind and rain are blown upward from the outdoor space 18, they are weakened by the horizontal wall 12a, which helps to prevent rainwater from entering the ventilation passage 14. 【0038】 When the damper 30 rotates to the closed position as described above, the spring receiving portion 44 of the damper holder 40 separates from the stopper 23a, as shown in Figure 6B. Once the wind and rain subside, the force of the torsion spring 55 returns the spring receiving portion 44 to its original position on the stopper 23a, and the damper 30 returns to the open position shown in Figure 3A. 【0039】 <Forced closing mechanism> The ventilation device 1 is equipped with a structure that allows the damper 30 to be forcibly closed by manual operation, for example, in order to improve heating and cooling efficiency. As shown in Figure 1, this forced closing operation structure is provided adjacent to the end cap 20 at one of the left or right ends (the right end in this embodiment) of the device body 10. 【0040】 The forced-close operation structure comprises a holder 60 (operating member holder) and a rotary operating member 70 rotatably supported by the holder 60. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the holder 60 has a rectangular block shape with grooves 61 formed on its upper and lower edges. Similar to the filter holder 15, the holder 60 is assembled to the device body 10 by positioning it between a pair of retaining pieces 13c of the indoor-side profile 13. The grooves 61 of the holder 60 engage with the engaging protrusions of the retaining pieces 13c. 【0041】 The operating member 70 has a disc-shaped base 71, a knob 72 formed on the indoor-facing surface of the base 71, a shaft 73 protruding from the center of the outdoor-facing surface of the base 71, and a support cylinder 74 and an engaging projection 75 protruding from spaced apart from the shaft 73. An operating rod 76 (operating part; shown only in Figures 3A to 3C) is inserted and fixed into the support cylinder 74. 【0042】 A circular receiving recess 62 is formed on the indoor side of the holder 60, and the base 71 of the operating member 70 is housed in this receiving recess 62. A cylindrical portion protrudes from the center of the outdoor side of the holder 60, and the internal space of this cylindrical portion is provided as a bearing hole 63. The bearing hole 63 opens to the back of the receiving recess 62, and the shaft portion 73 of the operating member 70 is inserted into this bearing hole 63, thereby supporting the operating member 70 in the holder 60 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the indoor-outdoor direction. 【0043】 Furthermore, the holder 60 has two holes 64 and 65 that penetrate the back wall of the housing recess 62 and form an arc centered on the rotation axis of the operating member 70. The support cylinder portion 74 of the operating member 70 is inserted into one of the holes 64, and its arc shape allows the operating member 70 to rotate. 【0044】 At both ends of the other hole 65, the ends of an arc-shaped elastic piece 66 that runs along the hole 65 are integrally connected. Engaging recesses 66a and 66b are formed on the interior-facing surfaces near one end and the other end of the elastic piece 66, respectively. When the operating member 70 is in the first operating position, the engaging projection 75 of the operating member 70 (see Figure 8) engages with the engaging recess 66a of the holder 60, thereby maintaining the first operating position of the operating member 70. When the operating member 70 is in the second operating position, the engaging projection 75 engages with the engaging recess 66b, thereby maintaining the second operating position of the operating member 70. When the operating member 70 rotates between the first and second operating positions, the engaging projection 75 moves while pushing the elastic piece 66, causing the elastic piece 66 to elastically deform. 【0045】 <Force close operation> When the operating member 70 is in the first operating position, as described above, the engaging projection 75 of the operating member 70 engages with the engaging recess 66a of the elastic piece 66 of the holder 60, the support cylinder portion 74 is located at the upper end of the hole 64, and the operating rod 76 is in an upper position that does not obstruct the opening and closing operation of the damper 30. As shown in Figure 3A, when the damper 30 is in the open position in a horizontal position, the operating receiving portion 42x of the support portion 42 of the damper holder 40 is in contact with or slightly separated from the operating rod 76 of the operating member 70. When the wind pressure is strong, the damper 30 is closed as described above (see Figure 3B). In this closed state, the operating receiving portion 42x is separated from the operating rod 76. Thus, when the operating rod 76 is in an upper position, the opening and closing operation of the damper 30 is permitted. 【0046】 When the operating member 70 is rotated clockwise as viewed from the indoor side, from the first operating position to the second operating position, the operating rod 76 moves downward in an arc. When the damper 30 is in the open position in the horizontal position shown in Figure 3A, the operating rod 76 pushes the operating receiving portion 42x of the damper holder 40 downward, causing the damper 30 to rotate clockwise against the torsion spring 55 in Figure 3A, reaching the closed position shown in Figure 3C, and blocking the ventilation passage 14. In this way, the occupant can intentionally forcibly close the damper 30 by manual operation when operating the air conditioning system to adjust the room temperature or during a storm. 【0047】 As shown in Figure 3C, when the damper 30 is forcibly closed, the torsion spring 55 biases the spring receiving portion 44 of the damper holder 40 downward, as shown in Figure 6B. As a result, a counterclockwise torque acts on the damper 30 in Figure 3C, attempting to push up the operating rod 76. However, because the engaging projection 75 of the operating member 70 engages with the engaging recess 65b of the elastic piece 66 of the holder 60, the operating rod 76 can maintain the forcibly closed position in Figure 3C, and consequently, the forcibly closed state of the damper 30 can be maintained. 【0048】 As described above, the ventilation device 1 has a simple structure with a single damper 30, yet it has an automatic closing function in case of strong winds and a forced closing function that can be operated manually. Moreover, by rotating the operating member 70, the operating rod 76 is moved vertically and the second part 30b on the indoor side of the damper 30 is pressed, allowing the damper 30 to be smoothly forced closed. 【0049】 <Drainage structure> As described above, when wind and rain are severe, the damper 30 closes to block the ventilation passage 14, but rainwater may enter the indoor side of the ventilation passage 14 during the initial stages of this closing operation. Also, when wind pressure fluctuates greatly, the damper 30 may temporarily open, allowing rainwater to enter. Therefore, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the pair of end caps 20 are equipped with a drainage path 80 to drain water from the ventilation passage 14 to the outside. This will be described in detail below. 【0050】 The drainage path 80 includes a drain opening 81 formed in the closing wall 21 of the end cap 20, a water storage tank 82 formed on the outside of the closing wall 21 (outside the longitudinal direction of the main body of the device 10), and a drainage channel 83 connecting the drain opening 81 and the water storage tank 82. As described above, the end cap 20 protrudes from the vertical frame 5b except for the part (second part) excluding the protrusion 20d (first part) that is inserted into the vertical frame 5b of the sash window 5, and the water storage tank 82 and the drainage channel 83 are formed in this part. 【0051】 As shown in Figures 3A to 3C, the drain outlet 81 is located on the indoor side of the damper receiving portion 17 (damper 30 in the closed state), its lower edge is at approximately the same height as the bottom surface of the ventilation passage 14, and is connected to the indoor side bottom of the ventilation passage 14. 【0052】 The end cap 20 has a surrounding wall and partition wall that project from the closing wall 21 in the longitudinal direction of the device body 10, and has numerous small spaces separated by these walls. These small spaces are open on the longitudinal outer side of the device body 10. Of the small spaces of the end cap 20, the small space 20x located at the bottom and extending from the middle in the indoor-outdoor direction to the outdoor projection 20a is provided as the water storage tank 82 and drainage channel 83 of the drainage path 80. 【0053】 The water storage tank 82 is formed below the outdoor projection 20a of the end cap 20, that is, at a position that substantially coincides with the outdoor space 18 of the main body of the device 10, and is located outside and below the drain port 81. The drain channel 83 extends almost horizontally in the indoor-outdoor direction and connects the drain port 81 and the water storage tank 82. 【0054】 As shown in Figure 10, the water storage tank 82 and the drainage channel 83 are covered on their longitudinal outer sides by a cover 86. The cover 86 has a plate-shaped portion 86a that covers the water storage tank 82 and a block portion 86b that covers the drainage channel 83. 【0055】 The drainage path 80 further includes an opening 87 formed in the closing wall 21 of the end cap 20, and a drain valve 88 that opens and closes this opening 87. The opening 87 is connected to the water tank 82 and faces the outdoor space 18 of the main body of the device 10. The drain valve 88 is rotatably supported at its upper end by the closing wall 21 and is in contact with the inner surface of the closing wall 21. Therefore, the drain valve 88 functions as a check valve, allowing only flow from the water tank 82 to the outside (outdoor space 18) and prohibiting flow from the outside to the water tank 82. The water tank 82, opening 87, and drain valve 88 described above constitute the outlet portion 80a of the drainage path 80. 【0056】 Furthermore, the closing wall 21 has a pressure inlet 89 (pressure introduction path) formed therein for introducing the pressure from the outside into the water storage tank 82. This pressure inlet 89 is smaller than the drain outlet 81. 【0057】 <Drainage action> Water accumulated in the indoor portion of the bottom of the ventilation passage 14 (the portion on the indoor side of the damper receiving portion 17) passes through the drainage channel 83 from the drainage port 81 formed in the closing wall 21 of the end cap 20 to the water storage tank 82. When the wind pressure outside is zero or weak, the water accumulated in the water storage tank 82 pushes open the drainage valve 88 and is discharged outside and falls downward. 【0058】 As described above, water accumulated at the bottom of the ventilation passage 14 can be smoothly discharged to the outside through the drainage path 80 formed in the end cap 20. Since the drainage path 80 does not pass through the inside of the sash window 5, deterioration of the sash window 5 can be prevented. 【0059】 Since the drain valve 88 is a check valve, it prevents wind and rain blown into the outdoor space 18 of the device body 10 from being blown into the room through the water storage tank 82, drainage channel 83, and drain outlet 81. If the wind pressure is strong, the force closing the drain valve 88 is strong, so the drain valve 88 may not open, and the water level in the water storage tank 82 may rise. In this embodiment, the water storage tank 82 and the outside (outdoor space 18) are connected by a pressure inlet 89 formed in the closing wall 21, so the wind pressure from the outside can be introduced into the water storage tank 82, and the pressure difference between the water storage tank 82 and the outside can be reduced. Therefore, drainage from the water storage tank 82 can be promoted, and the water level in the water storage tank 82 can be kept below the allowable height. Since the drain valve 88 is located in the outdoor space 18 of the main body of the device 10, the risk of damage can be reduced. 【0060】 <Other Embodiments> Figure 11 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a sliding operating member 90 is used instead of a rotary operating member 70. Similar to the first embodiment, a holder 95 (operating member holder) is attached to the device body 10, and the operating member 90 is supported in this holder 95 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. The operating member 90 has a knob portion 91 on the indoor side and an operating projection 92 (operating part) on the outdoor side. The other configurations are the same as in the first embodiment. 【0061】 When the operating member 90 is in the upper first operating position as shown in the figure, the operating projection 92 is also in the upper position and does not obstruct the opening and closing operation of the damper 30. When the operating member slides to the lower second operating position, the operating projection 92 presses against the operating receiving portion 42x (see Figure 3A) of the damper holder 40, forcibly closing the damper 30 as shown in Figure 3C. 【0062】 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various other forms are possible. In the above embodiment, during the forced closing operation, the operating part of the operating member was pressed against the damper holder, which is an accessory member of the damper. However, the operating part may also be pressed against the damper. In the above embodiment, the maintenance means for maintaining the forced closed state is composed of an engaging projection 75 of the operating member 70 and an engaging recess 66b of the elastic piece 66 of the holder 60, but various configurations can be adopted. The damper may be forcibly closed by moving the operating part upward through the operation of the operating member. The damper may be rotatably supported on the main body of the device. The ventilation device of the present invention may be configured to function as the upper frame of a sash window, that is, as an integrated upper frame type. Furthermore, the ventilation device of the present invention may be incorporated into any of the following types of sash windows: double-hinged sash windows, sliding sash windows, or fixed sash windows. [Industrial applicability] 【0063】 This invention can be applied to a ventilation system that can be automatically closed during strong winds and can also be forcibly closed manually. [Explanation of symbols] 【0064】 1. Ventilation system 5. Sash windows 10 Main unit of the device 10a Outdoor protrusion 12a horizontal wall 12b Ventilation vent 14 Ventilation passage 16,17 Damper support section 18 Outdoor space 20 End caps 20a Outdoor protrusion 21 Blocking wall 30. Damper (opening / closing component) 30a Part 1 30b 2nd part 31 Damper body 32 Wind-catching fins 40 Damper Holder 42x control receiver 55 Torsion spring (biasing member) 70 Rotary operating member 76. Working rod (working part) 90. Sliding operating member 92 Working protrusion (action part) L damper rotation axis

Claims

[Claim 1] A ventilation device incorporated into a sash window, A long, narrow device body having a ventilation passage, A pair of end caps that close the openings at both longitudinal ends of the ventilation passage, A damper is disposed within the ventilation passage, extends in the longitudinal direction of the device body, and is rotatably supported by the device body or the end cap between an open position and a closed position. A biasing member that biases the damper toward the open position, The damper is configured to rotate toward the closed position against the biasing member when it receives wind pressure from outside the room. Furthermore, the device body is provided with an operating member that is operable between a first operating position and a second operating position, the operating member having an action portion that protrudes outward, and the action portion moves in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the device body and the indoor / outdoor direction as the operating member is operated. A ventilation device characterized in that, when the operating member is in the first operating position, the acting part is in a position that does not obstruct the opening and closing operation of the damper, and when the operating member is operated from the first operating position to the second operating position, the acting part acts directly on the damper to apply a rotational torque to the damper that is opposed to the biasing member, thereby forcibly closing the damper. [Claim 2] The damper is rotatably supported by the pair of end caps with its widthwise intermediate portion as the axis of rotation, and has a first portion located on the exterior side of the axis of rotation and a second portion located on the interior side. The operating portion of the operating member acts on the second portion to forcibly close the damper, and in the closed position of the damper, the first portion and the second portion respectively contact a pair of damper receiving portions arranged on the main body of the device with the ventilation passage in between, as described in claim 1. [Claim 3] The ventilation device according to claim 2, wherein a pair of damper holders provided as part of the damper are attached to both longitudinal ends of the damper, the damper holders are rotatably supported by the end caps, a torsion spring as the biasing member is disposed between the damper holders and the end caps, and the torsion spring biases the damper holders and thereby biases the damper. [Claim 4] The ventilation device according to claim 3, wherein one of the pair of damper holders has an operating receiving portion located on the indoor side of the rotation axis and provided as part of the second portion of the damper, and the operating portion of the operating member contacts the operating receiving portion during a forced closing operation. [Claim 5] The main body of the device extends horizontally, and the main body of the device and the end cap have an exterior projection that protrudes outside from the sash window. The ventilation passage extends to the outdoor projection of the main body of the device, the outdoor projection of the main body of the device is located below the ventilation passage and has an outdoor space with an open lower end, and a horizontal wall with numerous ventilation openings is positioned between the ventilation passage and the outdoor space. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that when the damper receives wind pressure from the outdoor space, the first part rotates upward and the second part rotates downward to reach a closed position, and during a forced closing operation, the operating part moves downward. [Claim 6] The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the operating member is supported so as to be rotatable about another axis of rotation extending in the indoor-outdoor direction, and the working part is positioned at a location spaced apart from the other axis of rotation. [Claim 7] The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the operating member slides linearly.

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