Coated tool and cutting tool

Abstract

A coated tool (1) comprises a substrate (3) and a coating layer (7) disposed on a surface (5) of the substrate. The substrate has a hard phase containing W and C, a solid-solution phase containing W, C, and Ti, and a binding phase containing an iron group metal. A residual stress of the hard phase in the substrate is a. a falls within the range of −2.5 to −0.2 GPa. A residual stress of the hard phase on the surface of the substrate is b. b falls within the range of -2.0 to 0.0 GPa.

Description

Coated and cutting tools CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-086717, filed on May 27, 2022, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to coated tools and cutting tools.

[0003] Cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide (WC) as a hard phase is used for the substrate of coated tools, and is utilized in cutting tools such as end mills. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3424263 (Patent Document 1) describes that peeling at the interface between the substrate and the coating layer can be suppressed by setting the residual stress of the hard phase in the base material in the range of −0.5 to 0 GPa and the residual stress in the coating layer in the range of −0.2 to 0.2 GPa.

[0004] Furthermore, Patent Document 1 describes that when a hard alloy is coated, the thermal expansion coefficient of the coating layer becomes larger than that of the base material, and therefore tensile stress often remains in the coating layer after coating is completed, resulting in a decrease in fracture resistance. Furthermore, Patent Document 1 does not describe firing conditions such as the cooling rate.

[0005] A non-limiting aspect of the coated tool of the present disclosure includes a substrate and a coating layer located on the surface of the substrate. The substrate has a hard phase containing W and C, a solid solution phase containing W, C, and Ti, and a binder phase containing an iron-group metal. The residual stress of the hard phase in the substrate is defined as a, where a is in the range of -2.5 to -0.2 GPa. The residual stress of the hard phase at the surface of the substrate is defined as b, where b is in the range of -2.0 to 0.0 GPa.

[0006] A non-limiting aspect of the cutting tool of the present disclosure includes a holder extending from a first end to a second end and having a pocket on the first end side, and the coated tool described above positioned in the pocket.

[0007] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a non-limiting one-sided coated tool of the present disclosure, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the surface of the coated tool shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a non-limiting one-sided cutting tool of the present disclosure.

[0008] <Coated Tool> A non-limiting aspect of the coated tool 1 of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, for the sake of convenience, the drawings referred to below show only the main components necessary for explaining the embodiment in a simplified form. Therefore, the coated tool 1 may include any components not shown in the drawings referred to. Furthermore, the dimensions of the components in the drawings do not faithfully represent the actual dimensions of the components or the dimensional ratios of the components. These points also apply to the cutting tool described below.

[0009] The coated tool 1 may comprise a substrate 3 and a coating layer 7 located on a surface 5 of the substrate 3, as a non-limiting example shown in FIGS.

[0010] The substrate 3 may have a hard phase, a solid solution phase, and a binder phase.

[0011] The hard phase may contain W (tungsten) and C (carbon). In other words, the hard phase may contain WC. The hard phase may contain WC as a main component. The "main component" may mean a component having the largest mass% value compared to other components. Specifically, the top two mass% values ​​of the components contained in the hard phase may be W and C.

[0012] The solid solution phase may contain W, C, and Ti (titanium). The solid solution phase may contain W, C, and Ti as main components. That is, the total mass percentage of W, C, and Ti may be the largest in the solid solution phase. Furthermore, the top three mass percentages of the components contained in the solid solution phase may be W, C, and Ti.

[0013] The binder phase may contain an iron group metal. Examples of iron group metals include Co (cobalt) and Ni (nickel). The binder phase may contain at least one of Co and Ni. The binder phase may contain an iron group metal as a main component. The binder phase may function as a phase that binds adjacent hard phases together.

[0014] The compositions of the hard phase, solid solution phase, and binder phase may be measured, for example, by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The measurement may be performed using an EDS attached to an electron microscope. Examples of electron microscopes include scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM). The EDS measurement conditions may be set, for example, as follows: Acceleration voltage: 20 kV Beam diameter: 12 to 15 (adjust the device detection count to 20,000 or more)

[0015] Here, the residual stress of the hard phase in the substrate 3 may be defined as a. a may be in the range of −2.5 to −0.2 GPa. The residual stress of the hard phase on the surface 5 of the substrate 3 may be defined as b. b may be in the range of −2.0 to 0.0 GPa. When the residual stresses inside the substrate 3 and on the surface 5 of the substrate 3 are within the above ranges, the adhesion between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 is likely to be improved, and peeling between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 is likely to be suppressed. In other words, it is possible to reduce peeling between the two. Therefore, the coated tool 1 has high wear resistance.

[0016] "Inside the substrate" may refer to the inside of the substrate 3. Specifically, the inside of the substrate 3 that is 0.05 to 2 mm away from the surface 5 of the substrate 3 may be referred to as "inside the substrate."

[0017] The residual stress may be compressive stress. When the residual stress value is negative, the residual stress is compressive stress. The residual stress may be measured, for example, by the sin2ψ method using an X-ray stress measurement device (X-ray Diffraction: XRD). The measurement conditions may be set, for example, as follows: Radiation source: CuK Output: 50 kV, 1000 μA Collimator diameter: 0.5 mmφ Measurement method: 2D method

[0018] a may be in the range of -1.3 to -0.5 GPa. In this case, peeling between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 is more easily suppressed. When a is in the range of -1.3 to -0.5 GPa, the composition of the substrate 3 may contain Nb (niobium). The substrate 3 may also contain a β phase. Nb may be contained in the β phase, the binder phase, or both. The β phase may be a composite carbide containing at least one of Ti, Nb, Ta (tantalum), and Zr (zirconium), and W. The composition of the β phase may be measured, for example, by EDS.

[0019] The value of b may be in the range of -0.6 to -0.2 GPa. In this case, peeling between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 is more easily suppressed. When the value of b is in the range of -0.6 to -0.2 GPa, the composition of the substrate 3 may contain Nb. The substrate 3 may also contain a β phase. Nb may be contained in the β phase, the binder phase, or both.

[0020] The ratio of a to b (a / b) may be 1.2 or more. In this case, residual stress is maintained deep inside the substrate 3, which tends to suppress crack propagation. This tends to improve the adhesion between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7. Furthermore, when used in a cutting tool, cutting performance such as intermittent cutting performance tends to improve.

[0021] The ratio of a to b (a / b) may be 2.1 or more. In this case, the adhesion between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 is more likely to be improved. The upper limit of the ratio (a / b) may be 2.5. When the ratio (a / b) is 2.1 or more, the composition of the substrate 3 may contain Nb. Furthermore, the substrate 3 may contain a β phase. Nb may be contained in the β phase, the binder phase, or both.

[0022] The coating layer 7 may be located on the entire surface 5 of the substrate 3, or may be located on only a portion of the surface 5. In other words, the coating layer 7 may be located on at least a portion of the surface 5 of the substrate 3.

[0023] The coating layer 7 may be formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. In other words, the coating layer 7 may be a CVD film. Note that the coating layer 7 may also be a physical vapor deposition (PVD) film formed by a PVD method.

[0024] The coating layer 7 may be a single layer or a laminate of multiple layers. Examples of the composition of the coating layer 7 include TiCN (titanium carbonitride), AlO (alumina), and TiN (titanium nitride).

[0025] As a non-limiting example shown in Figure 2, the coating layer 7 may have, from the substrate 3 side, a first layer 9, a second layer 11, and a third layer 13. The first layer 9 may contain TiCN. The second layer 11 may contain Al2O3. The third layer 13 may contain at least one of TiN and TiCN.

[0026] The first layer 9 may contain TiCN as a main component. The second layer 11 may contain Al2O3 as a main component. The third layer 13 may contain at least one of TiN and TiCN as a main component. The first layer 9 may be in contact with the substrate 3. The second layer 11 may be in contact with the first layer 9. The third layer 13 may be in contact with the second layer 11.

[0027] The thickness of the coating layer 7 is not limited to a specific value. For example, the thickness of the first layer 9 may be set to about 5 to 20 μm. The thickness of the second layer 11 may be set to about 2 to 15 μm. The thickness of the third layer 13 may be set to about 0.1 to 20 μm. The thickness of the coating layer 7 may be measured by cross-sectional observation using an electron microscope. The thickness of the coating layer 7 may also be an average value. For example, the thickness may be measured at 10 or more measurement points at 1 μm intervals over a width of 10 μm or more at any position on each layer, and the average value may be calculated.

[0028] Peeling at the interface between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 may be evaluated in terms of a peeling rate (%). A peeling rate of 0% means that the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 are in complete contact with each other, and a peeling rate of 100% means that the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 are completely peeled from each other.

[0029] The peeling rate may be measured by a Rockwell hardness test. The measurement conditions may be set, for example, as follows: The test load may be 60 kg. Peeling may be determined to have occurred when the substrate 3 is exposed around the indentation after the Rockwell hardness test. The peeling rate (%) may be calculated from the formula: (number of peels / number of measurements) x 100. The number of measurements may be 10 or more.

[0030] The peeling rate may be 25% or less. In this case, the adhesion between the substrate 3 and the coating layer 7 is high. The peeling rate may be 10% or less. The peeling rate may be 5% or less. The lower limit of the peeling rate may be 0%. That is, the peeling rate may be 0%.

[0031] 1 shows a cutting insert as a non-limiting example of the coated tool 1. However, the coated tool 1 is not limited to the cutting insert.

[0032] The coated tool 1 may have a first surface 15 (top surface), a second surface 17 (side surface) adjacent to the first surface 15, and a cutting edge 19 located on at least a portion of the ridge between the first surface 15 and the second surface 17.

[0033] The first surface 15 may be a rake face. The entire first surface 15 may be a rake face, or only a part of the first surface 15 may be a rake face. For example, a region of the first surface 15 along the cutting edge 19 may be a rake face.

[0034] The second surface 17 may be a flank. The entire second surface 17 may be a flank, or only a part of the second surface 17 may be a flank. For example, a region of the second surface 17 along the cutting edge 19 may be a flank.

[0035] The cutting edge 19 may be located on a part of the ridgeline portion or may be located on the entire ridgeline portion. The cutting edge 19 can be used to cut a workpiece.

[0036] The coated tool 1 may have a through hole 21. The through hole 21 can be used to attach a fixing screw, a clamp member, or the like when holding the coated tool 1 in a holder. The through hole 21 may be formed from the first surface 15 to a surface (lower surface) located opposite the first surface 15, or may open in these surfaces. Note that there is no problem even if the through holes 21 are configured to open in opposing regions of the second surface 17.

[0037] The coated tool 1 may have a rectangular plate shape. However, the shape of the coated tool 1 is not limited to a rectangular plate shape. For example, the first surface 15 may have a triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, or circular shape.

[0038] The coated tool 1 is not limited to a specific size. For example, the length of one side of the first surface 15 may be set to about 3 to 20 mm. Furthermore, the height from the first surface 15 to the surface (lower surface) located on the opposite side of the first surface 15 may be set to about 5 to 20 mm.

[0039] <Method for Manufacturing a Coated Tool> Next, a non-limiting method for manufacturing a coated tool according to the present disclosure will be described using an example in which the coated tool 1 is manufactured.

[0040] When manufacturing the coated tool 1, the substrate 3 may be prepared first. First, raw material powders such as WC powder, Co powder, and TiC powder may be prepared. The proportion of Co powder may be 4 to 12 mass %. The proportion of TiC powder may be 0.5 to 15 mass %. The remainder may be WC powder.

[0041] TaC powder, ZrC powder, NbC powder, etc. may also be prepared as raw material powders. The proportion of TaC powder may be 0.1 to 5 mass %, the proportion of ZrC powder may be 0.1 to 3 mass %, and the proportion of NbC powder may be 0.1 to 3 mass %.

[0042] The average particle size of the raw material powder may be appropriately selected from the range of 0.1 to 10 μm, and may be a value measured by a microtrack method.

[0043] The prepared raw material powders may be mixed and molded to obtain a molded body. Examples of molding methods include press molding, casting, extrusion molding, and cold isostatic pressing.

[0044] The resulting compact may be subjected to a binder removal treatment and then fired. The firing may be performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as a vacuum, an argon atmosphere, or a nitrogen atmosphere. The firing temperature may be 1450 to 1600°C. The firing time may be 0.5 to 3 hours.

[0045] After firing, the base 3 may be obtained by cooling. At this time, the cooling rate may be set to 6 to 20°C / minute (°C / min). More specifically, the cooling rate may be set to 6 to 15°C / minute. When cooling at such a cooling rate, a tends to be in the range of -2.5 to -0.2 GPa, and b tends to be in the range of -2.0 to 0.0 GPa. When NbC powder is used as the raw material powder and cooling is performed at the above cooling rate, a tends to be in the range of -1.3 to -0.5 GPa, b tends to be in the range of -0.6 to -0.2 GPa, and the ratio (a / b) tends to be 2.1 or more.

[0046] Next, a coating layer 7 may be formed on the surface 5 of the obtained substrate 3 by a CVD method to obtain the coated tool 1. As the coating layer 7, for example, a first layer 9, a second layer 11, and a third layer 13 may be formed from the substrate 3 side.

[0047] The first layer 9 containing TiCN may be formed as follows. First, a mixed gas containing 0.1 to 10 volume percent titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) gas, 10 to 60 volume percent nitrogen (N2) gas, 0.1 to 15 volume percent methane (CH4) gas, and the remainder hydrogen (H2) gas may be prepared as the reaction gas composition. This mixed gas may then be introduced into a chamber, and the first layer 9 may be formed at a temperature of 800 to 1100°C and a pressure of 5 to 30 kPa. Note that these film formation conditions are also applicable to the third layer 13 containing TiCN.

[0048] The second layer 11 containing Al2O3 may be formed as follows. First, a mixed gas containing 0.5 to 5 volume percent aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) gas, 0.5 to 3.5 volume percent hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas, 0.5 to 5 volume percent carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, 0.5 volume percent or less hydrogen sulfide (HS) gas, and the remainder hydrogen (H2) gas may be prepared as a reaction gas composition. This mixed gas may then be introduced into a chamber, and the temperature may be set to 930 to 1010°C and the pressure may be set to 5 to 10 kPa to form the second layer 11.

[0049] The third layer 13 containing TiN may be formed as follows. First, a mixed gas containing 0.1 to 10 volume percent titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) gas, 10 to 60 volume percent nitrogen (N2) gas, and the remainder hydrogen (H2) gas may be prepared as a reaction gas composition. Then, this mixed gas may be introduced into a chamber, and the temperature may be set to 800 to 1010°C and the pressure may be set to 10 to 85 kPa to form the third layer 13 containing TiN.

[0050] The above-described manufacturing method is one example of a method for manufacturing the coated tool 1. Therefore, it goes without saying that the coated tool 1 is not limited to one manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method.

[0051] <Cutting Tool> Next, a non-limiting one-sided cutting tool 101 according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 3, taking as an example a case where the cutting tool 1 includes the coated tool 1 described above.

[0052] 3, the cutting tool 101 may include a holder 103 extending from a first end 103a to a second end 103b and having a pocket 105 on the side of the first end 103a, and a coated tool 1 positioned in the pocket 105. When the cutting tool 101 includes the coated tool 1, the coated tool 1 has high wear resistance, enabling stable cutting.

[0053] The pocket 105 may be a portion to which the coated tool 1 is attached. The pocket 105 may be open at the outer peripheral surface of the holder 103 and at the end surface on the side of the first end 103a.

[0054] The coated tool 1 may be attached to the pocket 105 so that the cutting edge 19 protrudes outward from the holder 103. Alternatively, the coated tool 1 may be attached to the pocket 105 by a fixing screw 107. That is, the fixing screw 107 may be inserted into the through hole 21 of the coated tool 1, and the tip of the fixing screw 107 may be inserted into a threaded hole formed in the pocket 105 to screw the threaded portions together, thereby attaching the coated tool 1 to the pocket 105. At this time, the lower surface of the coated tool 1 may be in direct contact with the pocket 105, or a sheet may be sandwiched between the coated tool 1 and the pocket 105.

[0055] Examples of materials for the holder 103 include steel and cast iron. When the material for the holder 103 is steel, the holder 103 has high toughness.

[0056] 3 illustrates a cutting tool 101 used for so-called turning. Examples of turning include inner diameter machining, outer diameter machining, and grooving. The application of the cutting tool 101 is not limited to turning. For example, there is no problem in using the cutting tool 101 for milling.

[0057] The above has provided examples of the non-limiting one-sided coated tool 1 and cutting tool 101 of the present disclosure, but it goes without saying that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and can be any as long as it does not deviate from the gist of the present disclosure.

[0058] For example, in the above non-limiting embodiment, the coated tool 1 is used as the cutting tool 101, but the coated tool 1 can also be used in other applications. Examples of other applications include wear-resistant parts such as sliding parts and dies, tools such as drilling tools and blades, and impact-resistant parts.

[0059] The coated tool 1 and cutting tool 101 may also have the following configurations. (1) The coated tool is a coated tool including a substrate and a coating layer located on the surface of the substrate, wherein the substrate has a hard phase containing W and C, a solid solution phase containing W, C, and Ti, and a binder phase containing an iron-group metal, and the residual stress of the hard phase in the substrate is defined as a, where a is in the range of -2.5 to -0.2 GPa, and the residual stress of the hard phase on the surface of the substrate is defined as b, where b is in the range of -2.0 to 0.0 GPa. (2) In the coated tool of (1) above, a may be in the range of -1.3 to -0.5 GPa. (3) In the coated tool of (1) or (2) above, b may be in the range of -0.6 to -0.2 GPa. (4) In the coated tool of any one of (1) to (3) above, the ratio of a to b (a / b) may be 1.2 or more. (5) In the coated tool of any one of (1) to (4) above, the ratio of a to b (a / b) may be 2.1 or more. (6) In the coated tool of any one of (1) to (5) above, the substrate may contain Nb. (7) In the coated tool of (6) above, the substrate may contain a β phase, and the Nb may be contained in the β phase, the binder phase, or both. (8) In the coated tool of any one of (1) to (7) above, the coating layer may have, from the substrate side, a first layer containing TiCN, a second layer containing Al2O3, and a third layer containing at least one of TiN and TiCN. (9) The cutting tool may include a holder extending from a first end toward a second end and having a pocket on the first end side, and a coated tool according to any one of (1) to (8) above, positioned in the pocket.

[0060] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0061] [Samples No. 1-10] <Preparation of Coated Tools> First, a substrate was prepared. Specifically, WC powder with an average particle size of 9 μm, TiC powder with an average particle size of 1.5 μm, TaC powder with an average particle size of 0.9 μm, ZrC powder with an average particle size of 1.5 μm, Co powder with an average particle size of 1.5 μm, and NbC powder with an average particle size of 1.1 μm were prepared as raw material powders. The average particle sizes of the raw material powders were measured using a microtrack method.

[0062] Next, the raw material powders were mixed in the ratios of composition A, composition B, or composition C shown in Table 1, and press-molded into a cutting tool shape (CNMG120408) to obtain a green body. The obtained green body was subjected to a binder removal treatment, and then sintered by holding it at a temperature of 1550°C for 1 hour. After sintering, the green body was cooled to obtain a base body. At this time, the cooling rate was set to the conditions shown in Table 2.

[0063] The compositions of the hard phase, solid solution phase, and binder phase in the substrate were measured by EDS under the following EDS measurement conditions: Acceleration voltage: 20 kV, Beam diameter: 12 to 15 (the device detection count was adjusted to 20,000 or more).

[0064] As a result of EDS measurement, all of the obtained substrates had a hard phase containing W and C as the main components, a solid solution phase containing W, C, and Ti as the main components, and a binder phase containing an iron-group metal (Co) as the main component. In both of the substrates obtained with composition B or composition C, the substrate composition contained Nb, and the substrate contained a β phase. As a result of measuring the composition of the β phase with EDS, the β phase was (W, Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr)C. Furthermore, Nb was contained in the β phase and the binder phase.

[0065] Next, a coating layer was formed on the surface of the obtained substrate by CVD to obtain the coated tool shown in Table 2. The coating layer consisted of a first layer containing TiCN as the main component and having a thickness of 9 μm, a second layer containing AlO as the main component and having a thickness of 7 μm, and a third layer containing TiN as the main component and having a thickness of 16 μm, from the substrate side. The thickness of each layer is an average value.

[0066] <Evaluation> The residual stress and peeling rate of the obtained coated tool were measured. The measurement methods are shown below, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0067] (Residual stress) The residual stress was measured by the sin2ψ method using XRD. The inside of the substrate, 2 mm away from the surface of the substrate, was defined as "inside the substrate." The measurement conditions were as follows: Radiation source: CuK Output: 50 kV, 1000 μA Collimator diameter: 0.5 mmφ Measurement method: 2D method

[0068] (Peeling Rate) Measured by Rockwell hardness test. Measurement conditions are as follows. The test load was 60 kg. Peeling was judged to have occurred when the substrate was exposed around the indentation after the Rockwell hardness test. The peeling rate (%) was calculated from the formula: (number of peels / number of measurements) x 100. The number of measurements was 20.

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Samples Nos. 1 to 4 and 7 to 9 showed higher adhesion (adhesion strength) between the substrate and the coating layer than Samples Nos. 5 to 6 and 10. Among the samples with poor peeling rates, Sample No. 10 still showed better results than Samples Nos. 5 and 6.

[0072] For Samples No. 1 to 3, 5 to 6, cutting evaluation was also carried out under the following conditions: Machining mode: turning Cutting speed: 150 m / min Feed: 0.4 mm / rev Depth of cut: 0.5 mm Workpiece: SCM435 φ200 round bar (with 4 grooves) Machining condition: WET

[0073] The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. Note that the "number of impacts until chipping of the cutting edge" in the evaluation results in Table 3 indicates the number of impacts until chipping of the cutting edge when cutting is performed, and may also be called an intermittent performance evaluation.

[0074]

[0075] Compared with Samples Nos. 5 and 6, Samples Nos. 1 to 3 had higher wear resistance at the cutting edge and were capable of stable cutting as cutting tools.

[0076] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Coated tool 3: Base body 5: Surface 7: Coating layer 9: First layer 11: Second layer 13: Third layer 15: First surface (top surface) 17: Second surface (side surface) 19: Cutting edge 21: Through hole 101: Cutting tool 103: Holder 103a: First end 103b: Second end 105: Pocket 107: Fixing screw

Claims

1. A coated tool comprising a substrate and a coating layer disposed on a surface of the substrate, The substrate is a hard phase containing W and C; a solid solution phase containing W, C, and Ti; and a binder phase containing an iron group metal, The residual stress of the hard phase in the substrate is denoted by a, and a is in the range of −2.5 to −0.2 GPa; A coated tool, wherein the residual stress of the hard phase on the surface of the substrate is b, and b is in the range of -2.0 to 0.0 GPa.

2. 2. The coated tool according to claim 1, wherein a is in the range of −1.3 to −0.5 GPa.

3. 2. The coated tool according to claim 1, wherein b is in the range of −0.6 to −0.2 GPa.

4. The coated tool according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a to b (a / b) is 1.2 or more.

5. The coated tool according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a to b (a / b) is 2.1 or more.

6. The coated tool according to claim 2, 3 or 5, wherein the composition of the substrate contains Nb.

7. The substrate contains a β phase, The coated tool according to claim 6, wherein the Nb is contained in the β phase, or in the binder phase, or in both.

8. The coating layer is formed from the substrate side as follows: a first layer containing TiCN; A ２ O ３ and a second layer comprising 2. The coated tool of claim 1, further comprising a third layer comprising at least one of TiN and TiCN.

9. a holder extending from a first end to a second end and having a pocket on the first end side; A cutting tool comprising: the coated tool of claim 1 located in the pocket.