Control method, device to be controlled, and power supply system

Abstract

This control method is for a power supply-and-demand system (1b). The power supply-and-demand system (1b) includes a power load (5) and a power supply system (1a). The power supply-and-demand system (1b) can supply power to the power load (5) via an electric path (70). The power supply system (1a) is controlled such that the power supplied from the power supply system (1a) to the electric path (70) is adjusted. Operation of the power load (5), which involves consumption of power supplied from the electric path (70) to the power load (5), is controlled. Control of the power supply system (1a) and control of the power load (5) are executed by a common device.

Description

Control method, control device, and power supply system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a control method, a control device, and a power supply system.

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a load device monitoring system. This system monitors the status of load devices at consumers. Based on the monitoring results, a control method that minimizes the power consumption of the load device is determined in relation to time, and the energy-saving effect of controlling the load device using the control method is predicted. The predicted results are then transmitted to consumers via a network.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-158823

[0004] The present disclosure provides techniques suitable for cost-effective operation of electrically powered systems.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a control method for an electric power supply and demand system including an electric power load, an electric circuit, and an electric power supply system capable of supplying power to the electric power load via the electric circuit, the control method including: controlling the operation of the electric power supply system so as to adjust the electric power supplied from the electric power supply system to the electric circuit; and controlling the operation of the electric power load, which involves consuming the electric power supplied from the electric circuit to the electric power load, wherein the control of the electric power supply system and the control of the electric power load are performed by a common device.

[0006] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an apparatus for controlling an electric power supply and demand system including an electric power load, an electric circuit, and an electric power supply system capable of supplying power to the electric power load via the electric circuit, the apparatus controlling operation of the electric power supply system so as to adjust the electric power supplied from the electric power supply system to the electric circuit, and controlling operation of the electric power load which involves consumption of the electric power supplied from the electric circuit to the electric power load.

[0007] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a control method for a power supply system that includes a fuel cell equipment and is interconnected with a commercial power source to supply power to a power load, wherein when the unit price of hydrogen is defined as a hydrogen unit price, and the unit price of power purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as a power purchase unit price, the control method includes: executing a first power supply in accordance with a relative increase in the power purchase unit price with respect to the hydrogen unit price; and executing a second power supply in accordance with a relative decrease in the power purchase unit price with respect to the hydrogen unit price, wherein in the first power supply, power is supplied from the fuel cell equipment to the power load without being supplied from the commercial power source to the power load, and in the second power supply, power is supplied from the commercial power source to the power load without being supplied from the fuel cell equipment to the power load.

[0008] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an apparatus for controlling an electric power supply system that includes a fuel cell equipment and is interconnected with a commercial power source to supply power to an electric power load, wherein when the unit price of hydrogen is defined as a hydrogen unit price, and the unit price of purchasing electric power from the commercial power source to the electric power supply system is defined as an electric power purchase unit price, the apparatus causes the electric power supply system to perform a first power supply in accordance with a relative increase in the electric power purchase unit price with respect to the hydrogen unit price, and causes the electric power supply system to perform a second power supply in accordance with a relative decrease in the electric power purchase unit price with respect to the hydrogen unit price, wherein the first power supply supplies electric power from the fuel cell equipment to the electric power load without supplying electric power from the commercial power source to the electric power load, and the second power supply supplies electric power from the commercial power source to the electric power load without supplying electric power from the fuel cell equipment to the electric power load.

[0009] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a power supply system that includes a fuel cell equipment and is interconnected with a commercial power source to supply power to a power load, wherein when the unit price of hydrogen is defined as a hydrogen unit price, and the unit price of power purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as a power purchase unit price, the power supply system performs a first power supply in response to a relative increase in the power purchase unit price with respect to the hydrogen unit price, and performs a second power supply in response to a relative decrease in the power purchase unit price with respect to the hydrogen unit price, wherein in the first power supply, power is supplied from the fuel cell equipment to the power load without being supplied from the commercial power source to the power load, and in the second power supply, power is supplied from the commercial power source to the power load without being supplied from the fuel cell equipment to the power load.

[0010] The techniques of the present disclosure are suitable for cost-effective operation of electrically powered systems.

[0011] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an electricity supply and demand system according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of fluctuations in the price of purchased electricity. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of fluctuations in the price of hydrogen. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of first data displayed on a terminal according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a seventh embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to an eighth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a ninth embodiment. FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of an EMS server according to a tenth embodiment. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a change in an operation schedule. FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server in a configuration in which the first embodiment and the tenth embodiment are combined.

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, unnecessary detailed description may be omitted. For example, detailed description of already well-known matters or redundant description of substantially the same configuration may be omitted.

[0013] The accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.

[0014] 1 is a configuration diagram of an electric power supply and demand system 1b according to embodiment 1. The electric power supply and demand system 1b includes an electric power supply system 1a, an electric line 70, and an electric power load 5.

[0015] The power supply system 1a is connected to a commercial power source 2. The power supply system 1a supplies power to a power load 5 via an electric line 70. The power supply system 1a, an EMS (Energy Management System) server 52, an electricity price server 53, a hydrogen price server 54, and a terminal 55 are connected to one another via a network 60.

[0016] The power supply system 1a is a distributed power supply system. The power supply system 1a includes a solar power generation facility 10, a fuel cell facility 20, a storage battery facility 30, a control device 50a, a distribution board 4, a current sensor 3a, a current sensor 3b, a current sensor 7b, a current sensor 7c, a current sensor 7d1, a current sensor 7d2, and a current sensor 7d3. In the first embodiment, the power supply system 1a is installed in a facility. Specifically, the facility is a factory. The current sensors 3a, 3b, 7b, 7c, 7d1, 7d2, and 7d3 are, for example, current transformers.

[0017] The solar power generation facility 10 includes a solar power generation module 11, a DCDC converter 12, and a DC / AC inverter 13. DC power generated by the solar power generation module 11 is converted into DC power of a different voltage by the DCDC converter 12. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC / AC inverter 13. The AC power is supplied to an electric circuit 70.

[0018] The fuel cell equipment 20 includes a fuel cell system 20a, a fuel cell system 20b, and a fuel cell system 20c. Each of the fuel cell system 20a, the fuel cell system 20b, and the fuel cell system 20c is, for example, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) system, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, or the like.

[0019] The fuel cell system 20a includes a fuel cell stack 21a, a DCDC converter 22a, and a DC / AC inverter 23a. DC power generated by the fuel cell stack 21a is converted into DC power of a different voltage by the DCDC converter 22a. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC / AC inverter 23a. The AC power is supplied to an electric circuit 70.

[0020] The fuel cell system 20b includes a fuel cell stack 21b, a DCDC converter 22b, and a DC / AC inverter 23b. DC power generated by the fuel cell stack 21b is converted into DC power of a different voltage by the DCDC converter 22b. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC / AC inverter 23b. The AC power is supplied to an electric circuit 70.

[0021] The fuel cell system 20c includes a fuel cell stack 21c, a DCDC converter 22c, and a DC / AC inverter 23c. The DC power generated by the fuel cell stack 21c is converted into DC power of a different voltage by the DCDC converter 22c. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC / AC inverter 23c. The AC power is supplied to an electric circuit 70.

[0022] The battery equipment 30 includes a battery module 31a, a battery module 31b, a battery module 31c, a bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a, a bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b, a bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c, and a DC-AC inverter 33. The battery module 31a, the battery module 31b, and the battery module 31c are, for example, a lithium-ion battery module, a nickel-metal hydride battery module, a lead-acid battery module, or the like.

[0023] The power discharged from the storage battery module 31a is converted into DC power having a different voltage by the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC-AC inverter 33. The AC power is supplied to the electric circuit 70.

[0024] The AC power supplied from the electric circuit 70 to the DC-AC inverter 33 is converted into DC power. This DC power is then converted into DC power of a different voltage by the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a. The converted DC power is used to charge the storage battery module 31a.

[0025] The power discharged from the storage battery module 31b is converted into DC power having a different voltage by the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC-AC inverter 33. The AC power is supplied to the electric circuit 70.

[0026] The AC power supplied from the electric circuit 70 to the DC-AC inverter 33 is converted into DC power. This DC power is then converted into DC power of a different voltage by the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b. The converted DC power is used to charge the storage battery module 31b.

[0027] The power discharged from the storage battery module 31c is converted into DC power having a different voltage by the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c. The converted DC power is then converted into AC power by the DC-AC inverter 33. The AC power is supplied to the electric circuit 70.

[0028] The AC power supplied from the electric circuit 70 to the DC-AC inverter 33 is converted into DC power. This DC power is then converted into DC power of a different voltage by the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c. The converted DC power is used to charge the storage battery module 31c.

[0029] Power can flow from the electric circuit 70 to the commercial power supply 2. Power can flow from the commercial power supply 2 to the electric circuit 70. The current sensor 3a detects the current flowing between the electric circuit 70 and the commercial power supply 2. The detected value of the current sensor 3a is transmitted from the current sensor 3a to the control device 50a. By monitoring the current detected value of the current sensor 3a, the control device 50a can cause the power flowing from the commercial power supply 2 to the power supply system 1a or the power flowing from the power supply system 1a to the commercial power supply 2 to follow a target power (e.g., 0 W).

[0030] Electric power can flow from the electric circuit 70 to the electric load 5 via the distribution board 4. The current sensor 3b detects the current flowing through the electric load 5. The detected value of the current sensor 3b is transmitted from the current sensor 3b to the control device 50a.

[0031] In the first embodiment, the power loads 5 are power loads in a facility. The power loads 5 include power loads and lighting loads. Typically, the power loads are driven at a higher voltage than the lighting loads. Typically, the power loads are three-phase loads and the lighting loads are single-phase loads. Specifically, the facility is a factory. The power loads include a production line. The lighting loads include lighting and / or air conditioning.

[0032] In the first embodiment, the control period of the storage battery equipment 30 is shorter than the control period of the fuel cell equipment 20. Therefore, the charge / discharge power P SB is the power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC Compared to this, the power generation power P of the solar power generation facility 10 PV and / or the power consumption P of the power load 5 L Specifically, the control period of the storage battery equipment 30 is shorter than that of the fuel cell system 20a, shorter than that of the fuel cell system 20b, and shorter than that of the fuel cell system 20c. For example, the control period of the storage battery equipment 30 is 1 / 50 to 1 / 5 of the control period of the fuel cell equipment 20, the fuel cell system 20a, the fuel cell system 20b, and / or the fuel cell system 20c. Note that the charge / discharge power is either charge power or discharge power. A positive charge / discharge power indicates discharge power, and a negative absolute value of the charge / discharge power indicates charge power.

[0033] The current sensor 7b detects the current flowing between the storage battery equipment 30 and the electrical circuit 70. Specifically, the current sensor 7b detects the charge / discharge current of the storage battery equipment 30. The detected value of the current sensor 7b is transmitted from the current sensor 7b to the control device 50a. The charge / discharge current is a charge current or a discharge current. A positive charge / discharge current indicates a discharge current, and a negative absolute value of the charge / discharge current indicates a charge current.

[0034] The current sensor 7c detects a current flowing between the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the electric circuit 70. Specifically, the current sensor 7c detects a current generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. The detected value of the current sensor 7c is transmitted from the current sensor 7c to the control device 50a.

[0035] The current sensor 7d1 detects the current flowing between the fuel cell system 20a and the electrical path 70. Specifically, the current sensor 7d1 detects the current generated by the fuel cell system 20a. The detected value of the current sensor 7d1 is transmitted from the current sensor 7d1 to the control device 50a.

[0036] The current sensor 7d2 detects the current flowing between the fuel cell system 20b and the electrical path 70. Specifically, the current sensor 7d2 detects the current generated by the fuel cell system 20b. The detected value of the current sensor 7d2 is transmitted from the current sensor 7d2 to the control device 50a.

[0037] The current sensor 7d3 detects the current flowing between the fuel cell system 20c and the electric circuit 70. Specifically, the current sensor 7d3 detects the current generated by the fuel cell system 20c. The detected value of the current sensor 7d3 is transmitted from the current sensor 7d3 to the control device 50a.

[0038] The voltage of the current path between the commercial power supply 2 and the electric circuit 70 takes a first value and can be considered to be known. The first value is, for example, 100 V or 200 V in effective value. The control device 50a calculates the power flowing from the commercial power supply 2 to the electric circuit 70, i.e., the purchased power P BUY can be calculated.

[0039] The voltage of the power load 5 can be considered to be known. Specifically, the voltage of the power load can be considered to be known by taking the value 2a. The voltage of the lighting load can be considered to be known by taking the value 2b. The voltage of the power load is, for example, three-phase 200V. The voltage of the lighting load is, for example, single-phase 100V. The current sensor 3b includes a first sensor unit and a second sensor unit. The first sensor unit detects the current flowing to the power load. The second sensor unit detects the current flowing to the lighting load. The control device 50a can calculate the power flowing from the electrical circuit 70 to the power load, i.e., the power consumption of the power load, from the value 2a and the detection value of the second sensor unit. The control device 50a can calculate the power flowing from the electrical circuit 70 to the lighting load, i.e., the power consumption of the lighting load, from the value 2b and the detection value of the second sensor unit. The control device 50a calculates the power flowing from the electric line 70 to the power load 5, i.e., the power consumption P of the power load 5, based on the power consumption of the power load and the power consumption of the lighting load. L can be calculated.

[0040] The voltage of the current path between the battery equipment 30 and the electric circuit 70 takes a third value and can be considered to be known. The third value is, for example, 100 V or 200 V in effective value. The control device 50a calculates the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 from the third value and the detection value of the current sensor 7b. SB can be calculated.

[0041] The voltage of the current path between the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the electric circuit 70 takes a fourth value and can be considered to be known. The fourth value is, for example, 100 V or 200 V in effective value. The control device 50a calculates the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 from the fourth value and the detection value of the current sensor 7c. PV can be calculated.

[0042] The voltage of the current path between fuel cell system 20a and electrical circuit 70 can be considered to be known as a fifth value. The fifth value is, for example, 100 V or 200 V in effective value. The control device 50a can calculate the power generated by fuel cell system 20a from the fifth value and the detection value of current sensor 7d1. The voltage of the current path between fuel cell system 20b and electrical circuit 70 can be considered to be known as a sixth value. The sixth value is, for example, 100 V or 200 V in effective value. The control device 50a can calculate the power generated by fuel cell system 20b from the sixth value and the detection value of current sensor 7d2. The voltage of the current path between fuel cell system 20c and electrical circuit 70 can be considered to be known as a seventh value. The seventh value is, for example, 100 V or 200 V in effective value. The control device 50a can calculate the power generated by fuel cell system 20c from the seventh value and the detection value of current sensor 7d3. The control device 50a calculates the generated power P of the fuel cell equipment 20 by adding up these generated powers. FC can be calculated.

[0043] In embodiment 1, the control device 50a is an edge computer. The control device 50a has a gateway function. The EMS server 52 is a cloud server. The network 60 is a wireless network, specifically the Internet. The terminal 55 is used by a user, administrator, etc. of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5. The terminal 55 is, for example, a smartphone, a personal computer, a tablet, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. In embodiment 1, the electricity price server 53 is a server of an electric power company. The hydrogen price server 54 is a server of a hydrogen supplier. The EMS server 52 communicates with the electricity price server 53 and the hydrogen price server 54 via the network 60.

[0044] The storage battery equipment 30 includes a control device 50b. The solar power generation equipment 10 includes a control device 50c. The fuel cell system 20a includes a control device 50d1. The fuel cell system 20b includes a control device 50d2. The fuel cell system 20c includes a control device 50d3.

[0045] The control device 50a communicates with the current sensor 3a, the current sensor 3b, the control device 50b, the control device 50c, the control device 50d1, the control device 50d2, the control device 50d3, and the power load 5. The control device 50a also communicates with the EMS server 52 via the network 60. Through these communications, the control device 50a generates control signals for controlling the control device 50b, the control device 50c, the control device 50d1, the control device 50d2, the control device 50d3, and the power load 5.

[0046] The control device 50b receives a control signal from the control device 50a. The control device 50b controls the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c, and the DC-AC inverter 33 based on the control signal. By controlling the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a, it is possible to control whether the storage battery module 31a is charged, in standby mode, or discharged. By controlling the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b, it is possible to control whether the storage battery module 31b is charged, in standby mode, or discharged. By controlling the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c, it is possible to control whether the storage battery module 31c is charged, in standby mode, or discharged. By controlling the DC-AC inverter 33, power conversion between direct current and alternating current is performed. Through these controls, the power flowing between the storage battery equipment 30 and the electrical circuit 70 is controlled.

[0047] Specifically, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a is controlled to control the charge / discharge power of the storage battery module 31a, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b is controlled to control the charge / discharge power of the storage battery module 31b, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c is controlled to control the charge / discharge power of the storage battery module 31c.

[0048] In the illustrated example, charging and discharging of the storage battery module 31a is controlled by controlling the inter-terminal voltage V1 of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a relative to the inter-terminal voltage V2 of the DC-AC inverter 33. Charging and discharging of the storage battery module 31b is controlled by controlling the inter-terminal voltage V1 of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b relative to the inter-terminal voltage V2 of the DC-AC inverter 33. Charging and discharging of the storage battery module 31c is controlled by controlling the inter-terminal voltage V1 of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c relative to the inter-terminal voltage V2 of the DC-AC inverter 33.

[0049] The control device 50c receives a control signal from the control device 50a. The control device 50c controls the DCDC converter 12 and the DC-AC inverter 13 based on the control signal. By controlling the DCDC converter 12, the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module 11 is adjusted. By controlling the DC-AC inverter 13, power conversion between direct current and alternating current is performed. Through these controls, power is extracted from the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 to the electric circuit 70.

[0050] The control device 50d1 receives a control signal from the control device 50a. The control device 50d1 controls the DCDC converter 22a and the DC-AC inverter 23a based on the control signal. By controlling the DCDC converter 22a, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 21a is adjusted. By controlling the DC-AC inverter 23a, power conversion between direct current and alternating current is performed. Through these controls, power is extracted from the fuel cell system 20a to the electrical circuit 70.

[0051] The control device 50d2 receives a control signal from the control device 50a. The control device 50d2 controls the DCDC converter 22b and the DC-AC inverter 23b based on the control signal. By controlling the DCDC converter 22b, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 21b is adjusted. By controlling the DC-AC inverter 23b, power conversion between DC and AC is performed. Through these controls, power is extracted from the fuel cell system 20b to the electrical circuit 70.

[0052] The control device 50d3 receives a control signal from the control device 50a. The control device 50d3 controls the DCDC converter 22c and the DC-AC inverter 23c based on the control signal. By controlling the DCDC converter 22c, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 21c is adjusted. By controlling the DC-AC inverter 23c, power conversion between DC and AC is performed. Through these controls, power is extracted from the fuel cell system 20c to the electrical circuit 70.

[0053] The power load 5 receives a control signal from the control device 50a and operates based on the control signal.

[0054] Hydrogen is used as fuel in the fuel cell equipment 20. Specifically, in the first embodiment, green hydrogen is used as fuel in the fuel cell equipment 20. Green hydrogen is hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water using renewable energy. Therefore, using the fuel cell equipment 20 to supply power to the power load 5 reduces the power consumption P L This can increase the proportion of electricity derived from renewable energy in the total energy used. This can also reduce carbon dioxide emissions resulting from power supply to the power load 5. Renewable energy is, for example, energy derived from solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, biomass, etc. In contrast, in embodiment 1, the commercial power source 2 includes a thermal power plant that generates electricity using fossil fuels such as oil and coal. Power generation using fossil fuels unavoidably results in carbon dioxide emissions. For these reasons, in embodiment 1, supplying power from the fuel cell equipment 20 to the power load 5 is advantageous from the standpoint of improving environmental friendliness compared to supplying power from the commercial power source 2 to the power load 5.

[0055] In the first embodiment, the power supply cost when power is supplied from the commercial power source 2 to the power load 5 may fluctuate over time. This is because the price of power purchased from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a may fluctuate over time. Specifically, first, the power purchase price may fluctuate within a day. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of fluctuations in the power purchase price. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents time. The vertical axis represents the price of power purchased per unit of power (hereinafter referred to as the power purchase price). For example, the unit of the power purchase price is yen / Wh. FIG. 2 shows fluctuations in the power purchase price over a day. In the example of FIG. 2, the power purchase price peaks between 7:00 and 10:00 and between 17:00 and 20:00. In FIG. 2, curve 101 shows the change in the power purchase price over time in recent years. Curve 102 shows the change in the power purchase price expected over time one to three years from now. Curve 103 shows the expected change over time in the electricity purchase price six to eight years from now. Second, the electricity purchase price may fluctuate depending on the season. For example, the electricity purchase price tends to be higher in summer and winter than in spring and autumn. Third, the electricity purchase price may fluctuate depending on the international political situation, the international economic situation, the price of fossil fuels, etc. Fourth, when a virtual power plant (VPP) is operated and electricity market transactions are conducted, the electricity purchase price may fluctuate due to the influence of these factors. Note that the power supply system 1a of embodiment 1 may be incorporated into a VPP.

[0056] In the first embodiment, the price of hydrogen used as fuel in the fuel cell equipment 20 may fluctuate. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of fluctuations in the price of hydrogen. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the price of hydrogen per unit amount. As shown in FIG. 3, the price of hydrogen is expected to fall in the future. This is because it is expected that the development of hydrogen-related infrastructure will progress in the future, reducing the cost required to produce and supply hydrogen per unit amount.

[0057] In the first embodiment, the power supply and demand system 1b is controlled taking into consideration the unit price of electricity purchased and the price of hydrogen. This can contribute to operating the power supply and demand system 1b cost-effectively. Here, "operating cost-effectively" means operating efficiently from an economic point of view.

[0058] [1-2. Operation] Fig. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in the first embodiment. The operation of the EMS server 52 shown in the flowchart of Fig. 4 improves the operation of the power supply and demand system 1b with respect to the evaluation axis. In the first embodiment, the evaluation axis is the power purchase price C BUY and hydrogen unit price C H2 It is a relationship of size.

[0059] In step S101, the EMS server 52 receives the current power generation P PV Specifically, the EMS server 52 acquires the generated power P PV is received from the control device 50a via the network 60.

[0060] Next, in step S102, the EMS server 52 calculates the current power generation P FC Specifically, the EMS server 52 acquires the generated power P FC is received from the control device 50a via the network 60.

[0061] Next, in step S103, the EMS server 52 calculates the current charge / discharge power P SB Specifically, the EMS server 52 acquires the charge / discharge power P SB is received from the control device 50a via the network 60.

[0062] Next, in step S104, the EMS server 52 calculates the current power consumption P L Specifically, the EMS server 52 acquires the power consumption P L is received from the control device 50a via the network 60.

[0063] Next, in step S105, the EMS server 52 calculates the current purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a. BUY Specifically, the EMS server 52 acquires the purchased power P BUY is received from the control device 50a via the network 60.

[0064] Next, in step S106, the EMS server 52 calculates the power consumption PL From the above, the generated power P PV and charging / discharging power P SB The power shortage ΔP is calculated by subtracting the total of X That is, the power shortage ΔP X is calculated by the following formula 1: Formula 1: ΔP X =P L -P PV -P SB

[0065] Next, in step S107, the EMS server 52 BUY Obtain the electricity purchase price C BUY is the price per unit of power when purchasing power from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a. Specifically, the power purchase price C BUY is transmitted from the power price server 53 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60 .

[0066] In the first embodiment, the power load 5 includes a power load and a lighting load. In the first example, the power purchase price of the power load and the power purchase price of the lighting load are the same price, and the power purchase price C BUY are the same price. A first example is seen when, for example, the owner of the commercial power source 2 is an electric power company, a power load and a lighting load are included in a factory, and a contract is concluded between the electric power company and the factory that does not distinguish between the power purchase price of the power load and the power purchase price of the lighting load. In a second example, the power purchase price of the power load (hereinafter referred to as the first power purchase price) and the power purchase price of the lighting load (hereinafter referred to as the second power purchase price) are different. In the second example, the power purchase price C BUY A value between the lower of the first power purchase price and the second power purchase price and the higher of the first power purchase price and the second power purchase price is adopted as the average of the first power purchase price and the second power purchase price. The average may be an arithmetic mean, a geometric mean, or a harmonic mean.

[0067] Next, in step S108, the EMS server 52 calculates the price of hydrogen per unit amount (hereinafter referred to as hydrogen price) C HG The unit amount is, for example, a unit weight. Specifically, the hydrogen price C HG is transmitted from the hydrogen price server 54 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60.

[0068] Next, in step S109, the EMS server 52 calculates the hydrogen price C HG The unit price of hydrogen (hereinafter referred to as the hydrogen unit price) C H2 Converted to hydrogen unit price C H2 is the price of hydrogen required to generate a unit amount of electricity in the fuel cell facility 20. For example, the unit of the hydrogen price is yen / Wh.

[0069] Next, in step S110, the EMS server 52 calculates the hydrogen unit price C H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY Determine whether the hydrogen unit price C is greater than H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY If the hydrogen unit price C is greater than H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY If it is equal to or less than this, the process proceeds to step S112.

[0070] In step S111, the EMS server 52 transmits a power purchase command to the control device 50a via the network 60. The power purchase command is a command to purchase power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a. BUY The power shortage ΔP X , while the generated power P of the fuel cell equipment 20 is FC is a command to set the power purchase command to zero. The power purchase command is included in the control command transmitted from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a. After step S111, the process proceeds to step S113.

[0071] When the control device 50a receives the power purchase command, the control device 50a controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the power purchase command. BUY is the power shortage ΔP X and the power generation power P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC The power supply system 1a is controlled so that

[0072] In step S112, the EMS server 52 transmits an FC output command to the control device 50a via the network 60. The FC output command is FC The power shortage ΔP X While following theBUY is a command to set zero. The FC output command is included in the control command sent from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a. After step S112, the process proceeds to step S113.

[0073] When the control device 50a receives the FC output command, it controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the FC output command. FC is the power shortage ΔP X and purchase power P BUY The power supply system 1a is controlled so that

[0074] In step S113, the EMS server 52 transmits a load operation command to the power load 5 via the network 60. The load operation command is included in the control command transmitted from the EMS server 52 to the power load 5. In one example, the load operation command is a command to operate the power load 5 in an energy-saving manner. In one specific example, the load operation command is a command to perform peak shifting of the power load.

[0075] When the power load 5 receives the load operation command, it operates in accordance with the load operation command.

[0076] In step S114, the EMS server 52 stores data in the memory of the EMS server 52. In the first embodiment, the stored data is the generated power P obtained in steps S101 to S109 in the current control cycle. PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , electricity purchase price C BUY , hydrogen price C HG and hydrogen unit price C H2 After step S114 is executed, the generated power P PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , electricity purchase price C BUY , hydrogen price C HG and hydrogen unit price CH2 has been accumulated.

[0077] In the first embodiment, a control cycle including steps S101 to S114 shown in Fig. 4 is repeated at a predetermined control period. According to the control of the flowchart of Fig. 4, the power supply system 1a can be operated cost-effectively.

[0078] In the first embodiment, the greater the amount of solar radiation on the solar power generation facility 10, the greater the power generation power P PV Specifically, the control device 50a performs maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of the photovoltaic power generation module 11 using the DCDC converter 12. More specifically, a control signal is transmitted from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a so as to realize MPPT control, and the control device 50a adjusts the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation module 11 using the DCDC converter 12 in accordance with the control signal.

[0079] In the first embodiment, the control device 50a controls the power generation power P PV and / or the power consumption P of the power load 5 L The charging and discharging power P of the battery equipment 30 is controlled to follow the fluctuation component of SB Specifically, to achieve such tracking, a control signal is transmitted from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50b, and the control device 50b controls the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32a, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32b, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32c, and the DC-AC inverter 33 in accordance with the control signal.

[0080] By accessing the EMS server 52 from the terminal 55 via the network 60, it is possible to display operational data related to the electricity supply and demand system 1b on the terminal 55. Specifically, the EMS server 52 transmits a signal including the operational data, which is for displaying the operational data, to the terminal 55 via the network 60. This enables the terminal 55 to display the operational data. In the first embodiment, the operational data includes first data.

[0081] 5 is an explanatory diagram of the first data displayed on the terminal 55 in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the first data includes the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. PV Change over time in the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 SB The change over time in the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 P FC Change over time in power consumption P of power load 5 L The change over time of the purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a BUY Changes over time in electricity purchase price C BUY Changes over time in hydrogen price C HG Change over time in hydrogen unit price C H2 In the first embodiment, each change over time is displayed in a graph format. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents power. In FIG. 5, in order to avoid cluttering the drawing, the purchased power P BUY Changes over time, electricity purchase price C BUY Changes over time in hydrogen price C HG Change over time and hydrogen unit price C H2 The change over time is not shown.

[0082] In the first embodiment, the generated power P PV , charging / discharging power P SB , generated power P FC , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , electricity purchase price C BUY , hydrogen price C HG and hydrogen unit price C H2 Such a display can inform a person checking the display, such as a user or manager of the power supply system 1 a and / or the power load 5, that the changes over time are being appropriately controlled.

[0083] Several other embodiments will be described below. In the following, elements common to the embodiments already described and the embodiments to be described thereafter will be given the same reference numerals, and their description may be omitted. The descriptions of the respective embodiments may be mutually applicable unless technically inconsistent. The respective embodiments may be combined with each other unless technically inconsistent.

[0084] (Embodiment 2) Fig. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in embodiment 2. The operation of the EMS server 52 shown in the flowchart of Fig. 6 improves the operation of the power supply and demand system 1b with respect to the evaluation axis. In embodiment 2, the evaluation axis is the renewable energy ratio RER in the power supply and demand system 1b. RE is.

[0085] After step S106, in step S207, the EMS server 52 calculates the current renewable energy ratio RER RE Specifically, the renewable energy ratio RER is calculated as follows: RE is the power consumption P L Purchased electricity from P BUY The value obtained by subtracting L In other words, the renewable energy ratio (RER) RE is calculated by the following formula 2: RE = (P L -P BUY ) / P L

[0086] Next, in step S208, the EMS server 52 reads the target value RER from the memory of the EMS server 52. TA Read out the target value RER. TA is the renewable energy ratio (RER) RE is the target value to be followed. Specifically, the target value RER TA is transmitted from the terminal 55 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60.

[0087] Next, in step S210, the EMS server 52 calculates the renewable energy ratio RER RE is the target value RER TA Determine whether the renewable energy ratio (RER) is greater than the RE is the target value RER TA If the renewable energy ratio RER is greater than 0.001, the process proceeds to step S211. RE is the target value RER TA If it is equal to or less than this, the process proceeds to step S212.

[0088] In step S211, the EMS server 52 transmits a power purchase promotion command to the control device 50a via the network 60. The power purchase promotion command is BUY and generated power P FC Purchased power P for the total BUY The ratio of the generated power P FC and the sum is reduced to the power shortage ΔP X The power purchase promotion command is included in the control command transmitted from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a. After step S211, the process proceeds to step S113.

[0089] When the control device 50a receives the power purchase promotion command, the control device 50a controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the power purchase promotion command. BUY The ratio of the generated power P to the total increases. FC The ratio of decreases, and the total becomes the power shortage ΔP X The power supply system 1a is controlled so as to follow the above.

[0090] In step S212, the EMS server 52 transmits the FC promotion command to the control device 50a via the network 60. The FC promotion command is BUY and generated power P FC Purchased power P for the total BUY The ratio of the generated power P FC and the sum is increased to the power shortage ΔP X The FC promotion command is included in the control command sent from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a. After step S212, the process proceeds to step S113.

[0091] When the control device 50a receives the FC promotion command, the control device 50a controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the FC promotion command. Specifically, the control device 50a calculates the purchased power P BUY The ratio of the generated power P to the total decreases. FC The ratio of increases, and the total power shortage ΔP X The power supply system 1a is controlled so as to follow the above.

[0092] In step S114 of the second embodiment, the data stored in the memory of the EMS server 52 is the generated power P obtained in steps S101 to S208 in the current control cycle. PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , renewable energy ratio RER RE and target value RER TA After step S114 is executed, the generated power P PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , renewable energy ratio RER RE and target value RER TA has been accumulated.

[0093] In the second embodiment, a control cycle including steps S101 to S114 shown in FIG. 6 is repeated. The control cycle is repeated at a predetermined control period. According to the control of the flowchart of FIG. 6, the renewable energy ratio RER RE The target value RER TA can be made to follow.

[0094] In the second embodiment, the operation data displayed on the terminal 55 includes second data. The second data is the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. PV Change over time in the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 SB The change over time in the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 P FC Change over time in power consumption P of power load 5 L The change over time of the purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a BUY Changes over time in renewable energy ratio (RER) RE Changes over time in renewable energy ratio (RER) RE Target value RER TA In the second embodiment, each change over time is displayed in a graph format.

[0095] In the second embodiment, the generated power P PV , charging / discharging power P SB , generated power P FC , power consumption P L and purchased power P BUY The renewable energy ratio RER changes over time. RE Through such a display, a person checking the display, such as a user or manager of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5, can easily check the renewable energy ratio RER RE is the target value RER TA It can be conveyed that the power supply system 1a is controlled to follow the

[0096] Third Embodiment Fig. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in a third embodiment. The operation of the EMS server 52 shown in the flowchart of Fig. 7 improves the operation of the power supply and demand system 1b with respect to the evaluation axis. In the third embodiment, the evaluation axis is the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR in the power supply and demand system 1b. RE is.

[0097] After step S106, in step S307, the EMS server 52 calculates the current carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE Specifically, the EMS server 52 has a memory, and the memory has a database. In the database, the generated power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is calculated. PV and the carbon dioxide emissions CDE of the solar power generation facility 10 PV The power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC and the carbon dioxide emissions CDE of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC The charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 SB and the carbon dioxide emissions CDE of the battery storage facility 30 SB The corresponding relationship between the commercial power source 2 and the power supply system 1a is shown in FIG. BUY and the carbon dioxide emissions CDE of commercial power source 2 BUY The EMS server 52 records the correspondence between the generated power P PV , generated power PFC , charging / discharging power P SB and purchased power P BUY Based on the above database, the current carbon dioxide emissions COE RE In addition, the EMS server 52 calculates the power consumption P L Based on the database, the power consumption P L All of the above are purchased as electricity P BUY Temporary carbon dioxide emissions COE if covered by HYP Then, the EMS server 52 calculates the carbon dioxide emission COE RE and carbon dioxide emissions COE HYP Based on the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE Specifically, the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR is calculated. RE is the carbon dioxide emission COE HYP Carbon dioxide emissions COE RE The value after subtracting this is the carbon dioxide emissions COE RE or carbon dioxide emissions COE HYP That is, the carbon dioxide reduction rate (COR) RE is calculated by the following Equation 3 or Equation 4. Equation 3: COR RE = (COE HYP -COE RE ) / COE RE Formula 4: COR RE = (COE HYP -COE RE ) / COE HYP

[0098] Next, in step S308, the EMS server 52 reads the target value COR from the memory of the EMS server 52. TA Read out the target value COR TA is the carbon dioxide reduction rate (COR) RE is the target value to be followed. Specifically, the target value COR TA is transmitted from the terminal 55 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60.

[0099] Next, in step S310, the EMS server 52 calculates the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE is the target value CORTA Determine whether the carbon dioxide reduction rate (COR) is greater than RE is the target value COR TA If the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR is greater than 0.001, the process proceeds to step S211. RE is the target value COR TA If it is equal to or less than this, the process proceeds to step S212.

[0100] In step S114 of the third embodiment, the data stored in the memory of the EMS server 52 is the generated power P obtained in steps S101 to S308 in the current control cycle. PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , carbon dioxide emissions COE RE , carbon dioxide emissions COE HYP , carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE and target value COR TA After step S114 is executed, the generated power P PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , carbon dioxide emissions COE RE , carbon dioxide emissions COE HYP , carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE and target value COR TA has been accumulated.

[0101] In the third embodiment, a control cycle including steps S101 to S114 shown in FIG. 7 is repeated. The control cycle is repeated at a predetermined control period. According to the control of the flowchart of FIG. 7, the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE The target value COR TA can be made to follow.

[0102] In the third embodiment, the operation data displayed on the terminal 55 includes third data. The third data is the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. PV Change over time in the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 SBThe change over time in the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 P FC Change over time in power consumption P of power load 5 L The change over time of the purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a BUY Change over time in carbon dioxide reduction rate (COR) RE Changes over time, and the carbon dioxide reduction rate (COR) RE Target value COR TA In the third embodiment, each change over time is displayed in a graph format.

[0103] In the third embodiment, the generated power P PV , charging / discharging power P SB , generated power P FC , power consumption P L and purchased power P BUY The carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE Through such a display, the user, manager, or other person checking the display of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5 can easily check the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE is the target value COR TA It can be conveyed that the power supply system 1a is controlled to follow the

[0104] (Fourth embodiment) Fig. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in a fourth embodiment. The operation of the EMS server 52 shown in the flowchart of Fig. 8 improves the operation of the power supply and demand system 1b with respect to the evaluation axis. In the fourth embodiment, the evaluation axis is the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA in the power supply and demand system 1b. RE is.

[0105] After step S106, in step S407, the EMS server 52 calculates the current carbon dioxide reduction amount COA per unit time. RE Specifically, the EMS server 52 calculates the carbon dioxide emission COE HYP Carbon dioxide emissions COE RE The value obtained by subtracting COE HYP -COE RE This calculated value is the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA REThat is, the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE is calculated by the following formula 5: RE =COE HYP -COE RE

[0106] Next, in step S408, the EMS server 52 reads the target value COA from the memory of the EMS server 52. TA Read out the target value COA TA is the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE is the target value to be followed. Specifically, the target value COA TA is transmitted from the terminal 55 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60.

[0107] Next, in step S410, the EMS server 52 calculates the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE is the target value COA TA Determine whether the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA is greater than RE is the target value COA TA If the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA is greater than 0.001, the process proceeds to step S211. RE is the target value COA TA If it is equal to or less than this, the process proceeds to step S212.

[0108] In step S114 of the fourth embodiment, the data stored in the memory of the EMS server 52 is the generated power P obtained in steps S101 to S408 in the current control cycle. PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY , carbon dioxide emissions COE RE , carbon dioxide emissions COE HYP , carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE and target value COA TA After step S114 is executed, the generated power P PV , generated power P FC , charging / discharging power P SB , power consumption P L , purchased power P BUY, carbon dioxide emissions COE RE , carbon dioxide emissions COE HYP , carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE and target value COA TA has been accumulated.

[0109] In the fourth embodiment, a control cycle including steps S101 to S114 shown in FIG. 8 is repeated. The control cycle is repeated at a predetermined control period. According to the control of the flowchart of FIG. 8, the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE The target value COA TA can be made to follow.

[0110] In the fourth embodiment, the operation data displayed on the terminal 55 includes fourth data. The fourth data is the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. PV Change over time in the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 SB The change over time in the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 P FC Change over time in power consumption P of power load 5 L The change over time of the purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a BUY Change over time in carbon dioxide reduction COA RE Changes over time, and CO2 reduction amount COA RE Target value COA TA In the fourth embodiment, each change over time is displayed in a graph format.

[0111] In the fourth embodiment, the generated power P PV , charging / discharging power P SB , generated power P FC , power consumption P L and purchased power P BUY The carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE Through such a display, the user, manager, or other person checking the display of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5 can easily check the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE is the target value COA TA It can be conveyed that the power supply system 1a is controlled to follow the

[0112] Fifth Embodiment In a fifth embodiment, the EMS server 52 controls the power supply and demand system 1b through a forecast based on the weather at the location of the power supply and demand system 1b. BUY and hydrogen unit price C H2 The power supply and demand system 1b is controlled based on the magnitude relationship between the two.

[0113] The memory of the EMS server 52 has a database. The database stores past information (hereinafter referred to as past information). The past information is information from a past period (hereinafter referred to as past period). The past information includes: - Changes over time in the amount of solar radiation at the location of the power supply and demand system 1b; - Power generation P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10; PV Change over time in power consumption P of power load 5 L Specifically, the past information in the database includes the amount of solar radiation, the amount of generated power P PV and power consumption P L are linked to each other at each point in time. The past period is, for example, one year. The amount of solar radiation can be measured, for example, by a pyranometer.

[0114] FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in the fifth embodiment.

[0115] In step S501, the EMS server 52 acquires the following information: - A time-dependent change in the amount of solar radiation at the position of the power supply and demand system 1b in the past information; - A time-dependent change in the amount of solar radiation at the position of the power supply and demand system 1b in the past information; PV and the current amount of solar radiation at the position of the power supply and demand system 1b. PV Specifically, the EMS server 52 compares the amount of solar radiation at each point in time in the time-dependent change in the amount of solar radiation in the past information with the current amount of solar radiation. In this way, the EMS server 52 identifies which amount of solar radiation at a point in time in the past corresponds to the current amount of solar radiation. Then, the EMS server 52 predicts the generated power P at that point in time in the past information. PV current power generation P PV Predict as follows.

[0116] Next, in step S502, the EMS server 52 calculates the power consumption P of the power load 5 in the past information. L Based on the time course of the current day, the current power consumption P L Specifically, the power consumption P L On days when the power consumption P L In the case where the facility is a factory, for example, the power consumption P L On weekdays, the power consumption P L In this way, the power consumption P L The EMS server 52 calculates the power consumption P L The EMS server 52 then determines which day in the pattern the current day corresponds to based on the change over time in power consumption P L current power consumption P L Predict as follows.

[0117] Next, in step S503, the EMS server 52 calculates the predicted generated power P PV , and the predicted power consumption P L , based on which the specific power ΔP SP Specifically, the specific power ΔP SP is the power consumption P L Generated power P PV That is, the specific power ΔP SP is calculated by the following formula 6: Formula 6: ΔP SP =P L -P PV

[0118] Next, in step S504, the EMS server 52 calculates the specific power ΔP SP Based on this, the charge and discharge power P SB and power shortage ΔP X Specifically, this prediction is calculated so that the following formula 7 holds: Formula 7: ΔP SP =P SB +ΔP XIn the fifth embodiment, the specific power ΔP SP Of these, the stable component is the power shortage ΔP X The fluctuation component is the charge / discharge power P SB The power supply system 1a is configured so that the specific power ΔP is supplied according to a predetermined algorithm configured to supply the stable component and the fluctuating component in this way. SP From charging and discharging power P SB and power shortage ΔP X is predicted.

[0119] Next, in step S505, the EMS server 52 calculates the generated power P FC and purchased power P BUY As in the first to fourth embodiments, in the fifth embodiment, the power shortage ΔP X is the power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC , and the purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a BUY In the fifth embodiment, the EMS server 52 is provided with either the power shortage ΔP X is the generated power P FC Is it covered by the purchased power P BUY This determination is made based on the previous step S110. Specifically, in the previous step S110, it was determined whether the hydrogen unit price C H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY If it is determined that the power shortage ΔP X is the purchased power P BUY It is judged that the purchased power P BUY is the power shortage ΔP X Equal to the generated power P FC is predicted to be zero. On the other hand, in the previous step S110, the hydrogen unit price C H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY If it is determined that the power shortage ΔP X is the generated power P FC It is judged that the generated power P FC is the power shortage ΔP X Equal to the purchased power P BUY is predicted to be zero.

[0120] After step S505, the process proceeds to step S106.

[0121] Sixth Embodiment In a sixth embodiment, the EMS server 52 controls the power supply and demand system 1b through a forecast based on the weather at the location of the power supply and demand system 1b. RE 10 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in the sixth embodiment.

[0122] After step S504, in step S505, the EMS server 52 FC and purchased power P BUY This prediction is based on the previous step S211 or step S212. BUY and generated power P FC After step S505, the process proceeds to step S106.

[0123] Seventh Embodiment In a seventh embodiment, the EMS server 52 controls the power supply and demand system 1b through a forecast based on the weather at the location of the power supply and demand system 1b. RE 11 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in the seventh embodiment.

[0124] Eighth Embodiment In an eighth embodiment, the EMS server 52 controls the power supply and demand system 1b through forecasts based on the weather at the location of the power supply and demand system 1b. RE 12 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in the eighth embodiment.

[0125] 13 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in the ninth embodiment. The operation of the EMS server 52 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 13 improves the operation of the power supply and demand system 1b with respect to the evaluation axis. In the ninth embodiment, the evaluation axis is the load following ratio (LFC) in the power supply and demand system 1b. RE is.

[0126] In step S601, the EMS server 52 calculates the load following rate LFC. RE Specifically, the load following rate (LFC) is calculated as RE is the generated power P in the power supply system 1a G Power consumption P L That is, the load following ratio LFC RE is calculated by the following formula 8: RE =P G / P L

[0127] In the ninth embodiment, the generated power P G is the generated power P PV and generated power P FC Specifically, the generated power P G is the generated power P PV and generated power P FC The generated power P PV and generated power P FC can be obtained in the same manner as steps S101 and S102 in FIG. 4 and the like.

[0128] Next, in step S602, the EMS server 52 reads the upper limit value LFC from the memory of the EMS server 52. THH and lower limit LFC THL Read out the upper limit value LFC. THH is, for example, 1.1 or more and 1.5 or less, and may be 1.2 or more and 1.4 or less. THL is, for example, 0.5 or more and 0.9 or less, and may be 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less. Specifically, the upper limit value LFC THH and lower limit LFC THL is transmitted from the terminal 55 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60.

[0129] Next, in step S603, the EMS server 52 calculates the load following rate LFC RE is the upper limit LFC THH It is determined whether the load following ratio (LFC) is greater than the RE is the upper limit LFC THH If the load following ratio LFC is greater than 1, the process proceeds to step S604. RE is the upper limit LFC THH If it is equal to or less than this, the process proceeds to S605.

[0130] In step S605, the EMS server 52 calculates the load following rate LFC. RE is the lower limit LFC THL It is determined whether the load following ratio (LFC) is smaller than the RE is the lower limit LFC THL If the load following ratio LFC is smaller than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S606. RE is the lower limit LFC THL If the answer is no, the current flow ends.

[0131] In step S604, the EMS server 52 transmits an FC reduction command to the control device 50a via the network 60. The FC reduction command is FC The FC decrease command is included in the control command sent from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a.

[0132] When the control device 50a receives the FC reduction command, the control device 50a controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the FC reduction command. FC The power supply system 1a is controlled so that the power consumption is reduced.

[0133] In step S606, the EMS server 52 transmits an FC increase command to the control device 50a via the network 60. The FC increase command is FC The FC increase command is included in the control command sent from the EMS server 52 to the control device 50a.

[0134] When the control device 50a receives the FC increase command, the control device 50a controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the FC increase command. FC The power supply system 1a is controlled so that the power consumption increases.

[0135] In the ninth embodiment, a control cycle including steps S601 to S606 shown in FIG. 13 is repeated. The control cycle is repeated at a predetermined control period. According to the ninth embodiment, the load following ratio LFC RE is the upper limit LFC THH When it is larger than RE Lower the load following rate (LFC) RE is the lower limit LFC THL When it is smaller than RE This means that the load following ratio (LFC) can be increased. RE This can prevent deviation from the appropriate range.

[0136] In the ninth embodiment, the operation data displayed on the terminal 55 includes fifth data. The fifth data is the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. PV Change over time in the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 SB The change over time in the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 P FC Change over time in power consumption P of power load 5 L The change over time of the purchased power P from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a BUY Changes over time in load following ratio (LFC) RE In the ninth embodiment, the changes over time are displayed in a graph format. The fifth data is the upper limit value LFC THH and / or lower limit LFC THL may also include:

[0137] In the ninth embodiment, the generated power P PV , charging / discharging power P SB , generated power P FC , power consumption P L and purchased power P BUY The load following rate (LFC) REThrough such a display, the user, manager, or other person checking the display of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5 can easily check the load following rate LFC. RE can tell you that is appropriate.

[0138] The control of embodiment 9 may be combined with the controls of embodiments 1 to 8. For example, when the control of embodiment 9 is combined with the control of embodiment 1, if neither step S603 nor step S605 in FIG. 13 is satisfied (if "No"), the control of FIG. 4 is performed. If step S603 or step S605 in FIG. 13 is satisfied (if "Yes"), the control of FIG. 4 is not performed, and the control of step S604 or S606 in FIG. 13 is performed. The same can be done when the control of embodiment 9 is combined with the control of embodiments 2 to 8.

[0139] Tenth Embodiment FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in a tenth embodiment. In the tenth embodiment, the evaluation axis is the electricity purchase price C BUY In the tenth embodiment, the electricity purchase price C BUY Depending on the load, the operation schedule of the power load 5 can be changed.

[0140] In step S701, the EMS server 52 receives the electricity purchase price C BUY In the tenth embodiment, step S701 is the same as step S107 in FIG.

[0141] Next, in step S702, the EMS server 52 reads the threshold value C TH Specifically, the threshold value C TH is transmitted from the terminal 55 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60.

[0142] Next, in step S703, the EMS server 52 BUY is the threshold C TH Determine whether the power purchase price is greater than BUY is the threshold C TH If it is greater than C, the process proceeds to step S704. BUY is the threshold C THIf it is equal to or less than this, the process proceeds to step S706.

[0143] In step S704, the EMS server 52 determines whether the change prohibition flag is off. If the change prohibition flag is on, it means that changes to the operation schedule of the power load are prohibited. Conversely, if the change prohibition flag is off, it means that changes to the operation schedule are permitted. If the change prohibition flag is off, the process proceeds to step S705. If the change prohibition flag is on, the process proceeds to step S706.

[0144] For example, the change prohibition flag is set to ON until a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the last change in the operation schedule of the power load, and the change prohibition flag is switched from ON to OFF as the predetermined period of time elapses. Alternatively, for example, a signal to turn the change prohibition flag ON or OFF may be transmitted from the terminal 55 to the EMS server 52 via the network 60. In the latter example, the change prohibition flag can be set ON or OFF according to the intention of a user, manager, etc. of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5.

[0145] In step S705, the EMS server 52 changes the operation schedule of the power load. After step S705, the process proceeds to step S706. Hereinafter, the change of the operation schedule will be described with reference to FIG.

[0146] FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a change in an operation schedule. In FIG. 15, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the price of power purchased per unit of power, i.e., the power purchase price. A curve 200 represents the power purchase price C BUY 15 shows a cheap time period 201 and an expensive time period 202. The cheap time period 201 and the expensive time period 202 are the same as the above-mentioned electricity purchase price C BUY In other words, the "cheap" and "expensive" of the cheap time slot 201 and the expensive time slot 202 are determined based on the magnitude relationship between the electricity purchase price C BUY The low-cost time period 201 is larger than the high-cost time period 202, and the power purchase price C BUYis a cheap time period. In the example of FIG. 15 , the cheap time period 201 has multiple parts, and the expensive time period 202 has multiple parts. However, the cheap time period 201 may be a single time period, and the expensive time period 202 may be a single time period. The change of the operation schedule in step S705 is executed so that, after the change, the operation time of the power load in the cheap time period 201 increases and the operation time of the power load in the expensive time period 202 decreases compared to before the change. The "past day" is, for example, any day from one week before the day on which step S705 is executed to the day before that day.

[0147] In the example of FIG. 15 , the periods from midnight to 7:00, 10:00 to 18:00, and 22:00 to 24:00 correspond to low-cost time periods 201. The periods from 7:00 to 10:00 and 18:00 to 22:00 correspond to high-cost time periods 202. As indicated by block arrow 211 in FIG. 15 , the operation schedule before change indicates that the power load is operated from 7:00 to 15:00. In contrast, as indicated by block arrow 212 in FIG. 15 , the operation schedule after change indicates that the power load is operated from 10:00 to 18:00. In the operation schedule before change, the operation time of the power load in the low-cost time periods 201 is five hours, from 10:00 to 15:00, and the operation time of the power load in the high-cost time periods 202 is three hours, from 7:00 to 10:00. In contrast, in the operation schedule after change, the operation time of the power load in the low-cost time periods 201 is eight hours, from 10:00 to 18:00, and the operation time of the power load in the high-cost time periods 202 is zero.

[0148] In step S706, the EMS server 52 transmits a power load operation command to the power load via the network 60. The power load operation command includes an operation schedule of the power load. The power load operation command is included in the control command transmitted from the EMS server 52 to the power load 5. When the power load receives the power load operation command, the power load operates in accordance with the power load operation command.

[0149] In the tenth embodiment, a control cycle including steps S701 to S706 shown in Fig. 14 is repeated. The control cycle is repeated at a predetermined control period. According to the tenth embodiment, the operation of the power load can be reviewed in response to an increase in the cost of purchasing electricity.

[0150] The control of the tenth embodiment may be combined with the controls of the first to ninth embodiments. Fig. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the EMS server 52 in a configuration in which the first and tenth embodiments are combined. In the example of Fig. 16, the load operation command of step S113 includes the power load operation command of step S706 in Fig. 14. In the flowchart of Fig. 16, step S107 executes an operation corresponding to the operation of step S701 in Fig. 14. Note that steps S101 to S109 are simplified in Fig. 16 due to space limitations.

[0151] Various modifications can be applied to the above-described embodiment.

[0152] In a modification of step S110 in the examples of FIGS. 4, 9, and 16, the EMS server 52 H2 The product C obtained by multiplying by the coefficient K H2 ・K is the electricity purchase price C BUY The coefficient K is a positive value and may be less than or greater than 1. H2 ・K2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY If the product C is greater than H2 ・K is the electricity purchase price C BUY If K is equal to or less than 1, the process proceeds to step S112. For example, if K is set to be less than 1, the process proceeds to step S112 more easily, that is, it becomes easier to generate electricity from the fuel cell equipment 20. For example, if it is desired to prioritize power generation by the fuel cell equipment 20 over purchasing electricity in consideration of the environment, it is effective to set K to be less than 1.

[0153] In the above-described embodiment, the EMS server 52 transmits a load operation command to the power load 5 via the network 60. When the power load 5 receives the load operation command, it operates in accordance with the load operation command. The load operation command may include a power load operation command and a lighting load operation command. When the power load in the power load 5 receives the power load operation command, it may operate in accordance with the power load operation command. When the lighting load in the power load 5 receives the lighting load operation command, it may operate in accordance with the lighting load operation command. By using both the power load operation command and the lighting load operation command, control of the power load 5 as a whole can be further optimized. It is also possible to control the power load and the lighting load independently of each other.

[0154] In the above-described embodiment 10, the power load 5 includes a power load, and the power purchase price C BUY In a modified example, the power load is controlled based on the power purchase price C BUY The lighting load included in the power load 5 is controlled based on the above. The modified example can be explained by changing the terms used in the explanation of the tenth embodiment. The change includes changing "power" to "light". The unit price of purchased electricity C BUY Based on this, both the power load and the lighting load may be controlled.

[0155] In the above-described ninth embodiment, the EMS server 52 can transmit both an FC decrease command and an FC increase command. However, the EMS server 52 may be capable of transmitting only one of an FC decrease command and an FC increase command.

[0156] In the above-described embodiment, the charge / discharge power P of the battery equipment 30 is calculated from the detected value of the current sensor 7b. SB In another example, the battery storage equipment 30 is provided with a power controller including a DC-AC inverter 33. The power controller is provided with a logger. The logger calculates the charge / discharge power P SB and transmits the detected value to the control device 50a.

[0157] In the above-described embodiment, the power generation power P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is calculated from the detection value of the current sensor 7c. PVIn another example, the solar power generation facility 10 is provided with a power controller including a DC-AC inverter 13. The power controller is provided with a logger. The logger calculates the generated power P PV and transmits the detected value to the control device 50a.

[0158] In the above-described embodiment, the generated power P of the fuel cell equipment 20 is calculated from the detected values ​​of the current sensors 7d1 to 7d3. FC In another example, a fuel cell system 20a is provided with a power controller including a DCAC inverter 23a. A logger is provided in the power controller. The logger detects the power generated by the fuel cell system 20a and transmits the detected value to the control device 50a. A fuel cell system 20b is provided with a power controller including a DCAC inverter 23b. A logger is provided in the power controller. The logger detects the power generated by the fuel cell system 20b and transmits the detected value to the control device 50a. A fuel cell system 20c is provided with a power controller including a DCAC inverter 23c. A logger is provided in the power controller. The logger detects the power generated by the fuel cell system 20c and transmits the detected value to the control device 50a. The control device 50a calculates the generated power P by adding up these detected values. FC Calculate.

[0159] In the above-described embodiment, as an example, the generated power P FC In this example, the generated power P FC However, this is advantageous in terms of improving the response of the control of the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20. FC may be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the power generated by the fuel cell system during operation.

[0160] In the above-described embodiment, the database is included in the memory of the EMS server 52. However, the database may be located outside the EMS server 52. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which the EMS server 52 accesses an external database via the network 60 and acquires information from the database.

[0161] The above-described first to tenth embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, BUY , hydrogen unit price C H2、 Power purchase price C BUY and hydrogen unit price C H2 Renewable energy ratio RER RE , carbon dioxide reduction rate COR RE , CO2 reduction amount per unit time COA RE , and load following ratio LFC RE The power supply and demand system 1b may be controlled based on at least two selected from the group consisting of: In addition, for example, steps S111 and S211 may be interchanged, and steps S112 and S212 may be interchanged.

[0162] For example, consider a case where an environmental target for the last day of a unit period is set in a factory including a power load 5. In one example of this case, the power supply and demand system 1b is controlled according to the above-described first or fifth embodiment until partway through the unit period. If it is determined halfway through the unit period that it will be difficult to achieve the target by the last day with the current control, the power supply and demand system 1b is controlled according to the above-described second, third, fourth, sixth, seventh, or eighth embodiment from that point on. The unit period is, for example, one month or one year. The determination may be made by a device such as the EMS server 52, or by a human being such as a user or administrator of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5.

[0163] In the above-described embodiment, the power load 5 includes a power load and a lighting load. However, the power load 5 may include only one of the power load and the lighting load.

[0164] In the above-described embodiment, the EMS server 52 is a cloud server. The network 60 is a wireless network, specifically the Internet. However, the EMS server 52 may be an on-premise server. The network 60 may also be a wired network.

[0165] In the above-described embodiment, the control shown in the flowcharts of Figures 4, 6 to 14, and 16 is performed by the EMS server 52. However, the control shown in these flowcharts may be performed by a device different from the EMS server 52. The different device may be, for example, the control device 50a.

[0166] The order of the steps in the above-described flowcharts can be changed as appropriate. For example, the order of steps S101, S102, S103, S104, and S105 in Figures 4, 6 to 8, and 16 can be set arbitrarily.

[0167] In the above-described embodiment, green hydrogen is used as fuel in the fuel cell equipment 20. However, the type of hydrogen used as fuel in the fuel cell equipment 20 is not particularly limited. Either blue hydrogen or gray hydrogen may be used as fuel in the fuel cell equipment 20. Blue hydrogen is hydrogen produced by decomposing fossil fuels such as natural gas or coal into hydrogen and carbon dioxide using processes such as steam methane reforming or autothermal reforming, and then capturing the carbon dioxide before releasing it into the atmosphere. Gray hydrogen is hydrogen produced by decomposing fossil fuels such as natural gas or coal into hydrogen and carbon dioxide using processes such as steam methane reforming or autothermal reforming, and then releasing the carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

[0168] In the above-described embodiment, the number of photovoltaic power generation modules in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 is one. However, the number of photovoltaic power generation modules may be two, three, four or more.

[0169] In the above-described embodiment, the number of fuel cell systems in the fuel cell equipment 20 is three. However, the number of fuel cell systems may be one, two, four or more. The number of fuel cell systems may be ten or more, or even fifty or more.

[0170] In the above-described embodiment, the number of storage battery modules in the storage battery equipment 30 is three. However, the number of storage battery modules may be one, two, four or more.

[0171] In the above description of the embodiment, power losses such as conversion losses in the DC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter are ignored. It is also possible to perform control taking power losses into consideration.

[0172] [1-3. Effects, etc.] A device according to an example of the present disclosure controls an electric power supply and demand system 1b. The electric power supply and demand system 1b includes an electric power load 5, an electric circuit 70, and an electric power supply system 1a. The electric power supply system 1a is capable of supplying electric power to the electric power load 5 via the electric circuit 70. The electric power supply system 1a is interconnected with a commercial power source 2. The electric power supply system 1a includes a fuel cell facility 20. The device is, for example, an EMS server 52.

[0173] In one example of the present disclosure, the power load 5 includes a first load and / or a second load. The first load is, for example, driven by a first voltage. The second load is, for example, driven by a second voltage. The first voltage may be greater than, equal to, or less than the second voltage. The first load is, for example, one of a power load and a lighting load. The second load is, for example, the other of a power load and a lighting load.

[0174] In one example of the present disclosure, a device controls the operation of the power supply system 1a so as to adjust the power supplied from the power supply system 1a to the electric circuit 70. The device controls the operation of the power load 5, which involves consuming the power supplied from the electric circuit 70 to the power load 5. In this configuration, a single device controls the power supply system 1a and the power load 5. This makes it easier to achieve consistency between these controls. This is advantageous from the perspective of ensuring the stability of operation of the power supply and demand system 1b as a whole. Ensuring the stability of operation of the power supply and demand system 1b is advantageous from the perspective of operating the power supply and demand system 1b cost-effectively.

[0175] In one example of the present disclosure, the device controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the operating status of the power supply and demand system 1b. With this configuration, the power supply system 1a can be operated appropriately in accordance with the operating status. In one specific example of this configuration, the device evaluates the operating status of the power supply and demand system 1b. Then, the device controls the power supply system 1a in accordance with the evaluation.

[0176] Power purchase price C BUY , hydrogen unit price C H2 The terms "environmental friendliness" and "energy efficiency" will be explained. BUY is the unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source 2 to the power supply system 1a. H2 is the unit price of hydrogen. The environmental friendliness is, for example, the renewable energy ratio RER in the power supply and demand system 1b. RE , the carbon dioxide reduction rate COR in the electricity supply and demand system 1b RE , or the carbon dioxide reduction amount COA in the power supply and demand system 1b RE In one example of the present disclosure, the operating status is determined based on the power purchase price C BUY , hydrogen unit price C H2、 Hydrogen unit price C H2 and electricity purchase price C BUY Relationship between the load-following ratio (LFC) and the environmental friendliness of the power supply and demand system 1b RE The composition includes at least one selected from the group consisting of:

[0177] In one example of the present disclosure, the power supply system 1a is controlled based on the hydrogen unit price C H2Power purchase price C BUY The control of the power supply system 1a includes executing the first power supply in response to a relative increase in the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In the first power supply, power is supplied from the fuel cell equipment 20 to the power load 5 without being supplied from the commercial power source 2 to the power load 5. In the second power supply, power is supplied from the commercial power source 2 to the power load 5 without being supplied from the fuel cell equipment 20 to the power load 5. With this configuration, the power purchase price C BUY The cost advantage of power supply by the fuel cell equipment 20 is enjoyed in accordance with the relative increase in the power purchase price C BUY In accordance with the relative decrease in the power consumption, it is possible to enjoy the cost advantage of power supply from the commercial power source 2.

[0178] In one specific example of the above configuration, the device supplies the first power at a unit price of hydrogen C H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY The device executes the second power supply when the hydrogen unit price C H2 is the electricity purchase price C BUY Run if higher than

[0179] In another specific example of the above configuration, the device is configured to supply the first power at a unit price of hydrogen C H2 The product C obtained by multiplying by the coefficient K H2 ・K is the electricity purchase price C BUY The device performs the second power supply when H2 ・K is the electricity purchase price C BUY The coefficient K is a positive value and may be smaller or larger than 1. For example, the device receives the coefficient K from the terminal 55. With this configuration, the coefficient K can be arbitrarily set from the terminal 55. For example, the user of the terminal 55, such as a user or manager of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5, sets the coefficient K from the terminal 55.

[0180] In one example of the present disclosure, the power supply system 1a is controlled by adjusting the generated power P of the fuel cell equipment 20 so that the environmental characteristics follow the target value. FC According to this configuration, the environmental characteristics can be made to follow the target values.

[0181] In the above configuration, the environmental friendliness is the renewable energy ratio RER. RE In this case, the target value is, for example, the target value RER TA Renewable energy ratio (RER) RE and target value RER TA The carbon dioxide reduction rate COR may be the rate shown in FIG. 6 for the second embodiment or the rate shown in FIG. 10 for the sixth embodiment. RE In this case, the target value is, for example, the target value COR TA Carbon dioxide reduction rate (COR) RE and target value COR TA The carbon dioxide reduction amount COA may be the one shown in FIG. 7 for the third embodiment, or the one shown in FIG. 11 for the seventh embodiment. RE In this case, the target value is, for example, the target value COA TA Carbon dioxide reduction amount COA RE and target value COA TA may be as shown in FIG. 8 for the fourth embodiment, or as shown in FIG. 12 for the eighth embodiment.

[0182] In one example of the present disclosure, the device receives a target value from a terminal 55. With this configuration, the target value can be arbitrarily set from the terminal 55. For example, a user of the terminal 55, such as a user or manager of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5, sets the target value from the terminal 55. This allows the power supply system 1a to be controlled so that the user, manager, or other user follows the target value to achieve the environmental characteristics desired by the user, manager, or other user.

[0183] In one example of the present disclosure, in the first period, the control of the power supply system 1a is performed based on the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In the first period, the control of the power supply system 1a includes executing the first power supply in response to a relative increase in the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In a second period following the first period, the power supply system 1a controls the generated power P of the fuel cell equipment 20 so that the environmental characteristics follow the target value. FCThis configuration is useful, for example, when the power supply and demand system 1b is applied to a factory, the factory includes an electric load 5, and the factory has an environmental target for the end of a unit period.

[0184] In one specific example of the above configuration, in the first period, the power supply system 1a is controlled based on the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In the first period, the control of the power supply system 1a includes executing the first power supply in response to a relative increase in the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In the second period, the control of the power supply system 1a includes executing the second power supply in response to a relative decrease in the hydrogen unit price C H2 and electricity purchase price C BUY Regardless of the relationship between the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 and the target value, the power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 is adjusted so that the environmental friendliness follows the target value. FC This includes controlling the

[0185] In one example of the present disclosure, the control of the power supply system 1a is performed based on the load following ratio LFC. RE is the upper limit LFC THH When the temperature rises across the FC and / or load following ratio LFC RE is the lower limit LFC THL When the power generation capacity of the fuel cell equipment 20 decreases across the FC This configuration involves increasing the load following ratio LFC. RE This is advantageous from the viewpoint of preventing deviation from the appropriate range.

[0186] In one example of the present disclosure, the device receives an upper limit value LFC from the terminal 55. THH and / or lower limit LFC THL According to this configuration, the upper limit value LFC is received from the terminal 55. THH and / or lower limit LFC THL For example, a user of the terminal 55, such as a user or manager of the power supply system 1a and / or the power load 5, can set the upper limit value LFC from the terminal 55. THH and / or lower limit LFC THLThis allows the user, administrator, or other user to set the load following rate (LFC) from a desired range. RE The power supply system 1a can be controlled so that deviation from the above is suppressed.

[0187] In one example of the present disclosure, the power load 5 is controlled in accordance with the operating status of the power supply and demand system 1b. With this configuration, the power load 5 can be operated appropriately in accordance with the operating status. In one specific example of this configuration, the device evaluates the operating status of the power supply and demand system 1b. Then, the device controls the power load 5 in accordance with the evaluation.

[0188] In an example of the present disclosure, the control of the power load 5 includes changing the operation schedule of the first load. Here, expressions of a cheap time period 201 and an expensive time period 202 are used. The cheap time period 201 and the expensive time period 202 are based on the electricity purchase price C BUY The low-cost time slot 201 has a higher power purchase price C than the high-cost time slot 202. BUY At this time, the device changes the electricity purchase price C BUY is the threshold C TH The device executes the change so that, after the change, the operation time of the first load in the low-cost time slot 201 increases and the operation time of the first load in the high-cost time slot 202 decreases compared to before the change. With this configuration, the electricity purchase price C BUY When the change in the operation schedule is changed, the cost increase resulting from the change can be suppressed. The "past day" is, for example, any day from one week before the day on which the change is made to the day before the change. The control of the power load 5 may further include operating the first load in accordance with the changed operation schedule.

[0189] In one specific example of the above configuration, the device operates the first load according to the changed operation schedule when power is purchased, and operates the first load according to another operation schedule when power is not purchased, the another operation schedule being, for example, the operation schedule before the change.

[0190] In one example of the present disclosure, the device is capable of changing the power consumption of the first load and the power consumption of the second load independently of each other. Specifically, "the device is capable of changing the power consumption of the first load and the power consumption of the second load independently of each other" means that the power consumption of one of the first load and the second load can be changed while the power consumption of the other load is fixed.

[0191] A control method according to an example of the present disclosure is a control method for an electricity supply and demand system 1b. This control method includes a first step and a second step. In the first step, the operation of the electricity supply system 1a is controlled so as to adjust the electricity supplied from the electricity supply system 1a to the electric circuit 70. In the second step, the operation of the electricity load 5, which consumes the electricity supplied to the electricity load 5 from the electric circuit 70, is controlled. The first step and the second step are performed by a common device. The common device is, for example, an EMS server 52.

[0192] A program according to an example of the present disclosure includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the control method for the power supply and demand system 1b. A recording medium according to an example of the present disclosure is a computer-readable recording medium on which the program is recorded. In one example, the program is implemented in an apparatus, and in one specific example, the program is implemented in the EMS server 52. The processor is, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. The recording medium is, for example, a semiconductor recording medium, a magnetic recording medium, a magneto-optical recording medium, an optical recording medium, etc. The semiconductor recording medium is, for example, a secure digital (SD) card, a universal serial bus (USB) memory, a solid state drive (SSD), etc. The magnetic recording medium is, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD), a flexible disk, etc. The magneto-optical recording medium is, for example, a magneto-optical disk (MO), etc. The optical recording medium is, for example, a compact disc (CD), a digital versatile disc (DVD), etc.

[0193] An apparatus according to an example of the present disclosure controls a power supply system 1a. The power supply system 1a includes a fuel cell facility 20. The power supply system 1a is connected to a commercial power source 2 and is capable of supplying power to a power load 5. The apparatus controls a hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY The device causes the power supply system 1a to perform the first power supply in response to a relative increase in the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY The power supply system 1a is caused to execute the second power supply in response to a relative decrease in the power consumption. This configuration is advantageous from the viewpoint of cost-effective operation of the power supply system 1a. The device is, for example, the EMS server 52.

[0194] The power supply system 1a according to the example of the present disclosure is H2 Power purchase price C BUY The power supply system 1a executes the first power supply in response to a relative increase in the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In response to a relative decrease in the power supply voltage, the second power supply is executed.

[0195] A control method according to an example of the present disclosure is a control method for a power supply system 1a. The control method includes a third step and a fourth step. In the third step, the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY In the fourth step, the first power supply is performed in response to a relative increase in the hydrogen unit price C H2 Power purchase price C BUY The second power supply is performed in response to a relative decrease in the power supply voltage.

[0196] A program according to an example of the present disclosure includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the above-described control method for the power supply system 1a. A recording medium according to an example of the present disclosure is a computer-readable recording medium on which the program is recorded. In one example, the program is implemented in an apparatus, and in one specific example, it is implemented in the EMS server 52. The processor is, for example, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, etc. The recording medium is, for example, a semiconductor recording medium, a magnetic recording medium, a magneto-optical recording medium, an optical recording medium, etc. The semiconductor recording medium is, for example, an SD card, a USB memory, an SSD, etc. The magnetic recording medium is, for example, an HDD, a flexible disk, etc. The magneto-optical recording medium is, for example, an MO, etc. The optical recording medium is, for example, a CD, a DVD, etc.

[0197] The technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to factories and the like. The technology according to the present disclosure is suitable for cost-effective operation of a system through which electric power flows. The system through which electric power flows is, for example, an electric power supply and demand system, or a power supply system. The system through which electric power flows can be a system through which electric power (high voltage) flows as energy.

Claims

1. A control method for a power supply and demand system comprising a power load, an electrical circuit, and a power supply system capable of supplying power to the power load via the electrical circuit, The aforementioned power supply system is connected to the commercial power supply, The power supply system includes a fuel cell facility, Controlling the operation of the power supply system so that the power supplied from the power supply system to the circuit is adjusted, This includes controlling the operation of the power load, which involves the consumption of power supplied to the power load from the circuit, The control of the power supply system and the control of the power load are performed by a common device. When the renewable energy ratio in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, the carbon dioxide reduction rate in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, or the amount of carbon dioxide reduction in the aforementioned power supply and demand system is defined as environmental performance, The control of the power supply system includes controlling the power generated by the fuel cell equipment so that the environmental performance follows a target value. Control method.

2. The unit price of hydrogen is defined as the hydrogen unit price, When the unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price, The control of the power supply system is The first power supply is to be performed in accordance with the relative increase in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, This includes performing a second power supply in accordance with the relative decrease in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, In the first power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the fuel cell equipment without supplying power to the power load from the commercial power source. In the second power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the commercial power source without supplying power to the power load from the fuel cell equipment. The control method according to claim 1.

3. A method for controlling a power supply and demand system comprising a power load, an electrical circuit, and a power supply system capable of supplying power to the power load via the electrical circuit, The aforementioned power supply system is connected to the commercial power supply, The power supply system includes a fuel cell facility, Controlling the operation of the power supply system so that the power supplied from the power supply system to the circuit is adjusted, This includes controlling the operation of the power load, which involves the consumption of power supplied to the power load from the circuit, The control of the power supply system and the control of the power load are performed by a common device. The unit price of hydrogen is defined as the hydrogen unit price. The unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price. When the renewable energy ratio in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, the carbon dioxide reduction rate in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, or the amount of carbon dioxide reduction in the aforementioned power supply and demand system is defined as environmental performance, During the first period, the control of the power supply system is The first power supply is to be performed in accordance with the relative increase in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, This includes performing a second power supply in accordance with the relative decrease in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, In the first power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the fuel cell equipment without supplying power to the power load from the commercial power source. In the second power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the commercial power source without supplying power from the fuel cell equipment to the power load. In a second period following the first period, the control of the power supply system includes controlling the power generated by the fuel cell equipment so that the environmental performance follows a target value. Control method.

4. The control of the power supply system is performed according to the operating status of the power supply system. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The control of the power supply system is When the load following rate in the aforementioned power supply and demand system rises above the upper limit, the power generated by the fuel cell equipment is reduced, and / or When the load following rate falls below a lower limit, the power generated by the fuel cell equipment is increased. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The control of the power load is performed according to the operating status of the power supply and demand system. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The power load includes a first load, The control of the power load includes changing the operating schedule of the first load. The unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price. Based on the relative magnitudes of the electricity purchase price on days prior to the day the aforementioned change is implemented, two types of time periods are defined as the low-cost time period and the high-cost time period, respectively, where the electricity purchase price is relatively low and the electricity purchase price is relatively high. The aforementioned change is implemented when the electricity purchase price rises above a threshold. The aforementioned change is implemented such that, compared to before the change, the operating time of the first load increases during the low-cost period and the operating time of the first load decreases during the high-cost period. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. A device for controlling a power supply and demand system comprising a power load, an electrical circuit, and a power supply system capable of supplying power to the power load via the electrical circuit, The aforementioned power supply system is connected to the commercial power supply, The power supply system includes a fuel cell facility, The operation of the power supply system is controlled so that the power supplied from the power supply system to the circuit is adjusted. Controlling the operation of the power load, which involves the consumption of power supplied to the power load from the aforementioned circuit, When the renewable energy ratio in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, the carbon dioxide reduction rate in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, or the amount of carbon dioxide reduction in the aforementioned power supply and demand system is defined as environmental performance, The power generated by the fuel cell equipment is controlled so that the aforementioned environmental performance follows the target value. Device.

9. The unit price of hydrogen is defined as the unit price of hydrogen, When the unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price, The aforementioned device is In response to the relative increase in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, the power supply system is instructed to perform a first power supply. In accordance with the relative decrease in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, the power supply system is instructed to perform a second power supply. In the first power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the fuel cell equipment without supplying power to the power load from the commercial power source. In the second power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the commercial power source without supplying power to the power load from the fuel cell equipment. The apparatus according to claim 8.

10. A device for controlling a power supply and demand system comprising a power load, an electrical circuit, and a power supply system capable of supplying power to the power load via the electrical circuit, The aforementioned power supply system is connected to the commercial power supply, The power supply system includes a fuel cell facility, The operation of the power supply system is controlled so that the power supplied from the power supply system to the circuit is adjusted. Controlling the operation of the power load, which involves the consumption of power supplied to the power load from the aforementioned circuit, The unit price of hydrogen is defined as the hydrogen unit price. The unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price. When the renewable energy ratio in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, the carbon dioxide reduction rate in the aforementioned power supply and demand system, or the amount of carbon dioxide reduction in the aforementioned power supply and demand system is defined as environmental performance, During the first period, In response to the relative increase in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, the power supply system is instructed to perform a first power supply. In accordance with the relative decrease in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, the power supply system is instructed to perform a second power supply. In the first power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the fuel cell equipment without supplying power to the power load from the commercial power source. In the second power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the commercial power source without supplying power from the fuel cell equipment to the power load. In the second period following the first period, the power generated by the fuel cell equipment is controlled so that the environmental performance follows the target value. Device.

11. A power supply system comprising a fuel cell facility, capable of supplying power to a power load in connection with a commercial power source, and capable of supplying power to the power load via an electrical circuit, The power supply system operates in such a way that the power supplied from the power supply system to the circuit is adjusted. When the ratio of renewable energy in the power supply and demand system, the carbon dioxide reduction rate in the power supply and demand system, or the amount of carbon dioxide reduction in the power supply and demand system are defined as environmental performance, The fuel cell equipment generates electricity so that the aforementioned environmental performance follows the target value. Power supply system.

12. The unit price of hydrogen is defined as the hydrogen unit price, When the unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price, In response to the relative increase in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, the first power supply is performed. In accordance with the relative decrease in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, a second power supply will be implemented. In the first power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the fuel cell equipment without supplying power to the power load from the commercial power source. In the second power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the commercial power source without supplying power to the power load from the fuel cell equipment. The power supply system according to claim 11.

13. A power supply system comprising a fuel cell facility, capable of supplying power to a power load in connection with a commercial power source, and capable of supplying power to the power load via an electrical circuit, The power supply system operates in such a way that the power supplied from the power supply system to the circuit is adjusted. The unit price of hydrogen is defined as the hydrogen unit price. The unit price of electricity purchased from the commercial power source to the power supply system is defined as the electricity purchase unit price. When the ratio of renewable energy in the power supply and demand system, the carbon dioxide reduction rate in the power supply and demand system, or the amount of carbon dioxide reduction in the power supply and demand system are defined as environmental performance, During the first period, In response to the relative increase in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, the first power supply will be executed. In accordance with the relative decrease in the electricity purchase price relative to the hydrogen price, a second power supply will be implemented. In the first power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the fuel cell equipment without supplying power to the power load from the commercial power source. In the second power supply, power is supplied to the power load from the commercial power source without supplying power from the fuel cell equipment to the power load. In the second period following the first period, the fuel cell equipment generates electricity so that the environmental performance follows the target value. Power supply system.