Noncombustible exterior material

Abstract

The invention comprises a finishing material formed in a plate shape and composed of at least one of a non-combustible stone panel or ceramic tile; a non-combustible insulation material composed of at least one of mineral wool or glass wool that is adhered to the lower part of the finishing material; and a non-combustible adhesive material that adheres the non-combustible insulation material to the lower part of the finishing material and is composed of 10 to 50 wt% bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 3 to 8 wt% fluorine silicate, 1 to 10 wt% sodium fluoride silicate, 5 to 20 wt% refractory powder, 10 to 45 wt% calcium carbonate, 3 to 10 wt% titanium oxide, 3 to 10 wt% sodium triphosphate, 0.5 to 4 wt% aluminate coupling agent, 0.1 to 2 wt% dispersant, and 0.1 to 2 wt% leveling agent. Therefore, we provide a non-combustible exterior material that enhances the marketability and usability of building finishing materials by ensuring functionality that satisfies non-combustible or flame-retardant regulations while making it easy to add design diversity and increasing decorative value.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to non-combustible exterior materials for buildings, etc., and in particular, to a non-combustible exterior material for building finishing that ensures economic efficiency and design diversity by reducing cost burden while maintaining decorative and safety features, and ensures safety functionality. Background Technology

[0003] Typically, while decorative elements are important for enhancing the image of exterior materials installed on the outer walls of buildings, functionality such as durability, fire resistance, eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and ease of construction is also required. In particular, insulation must generally be installed on the building's exterior to maintain a relatively constant internal temperature despite external temperature fluctuations. Traditional insulation methods involve inserting insulation between the inner and outer walls; however, this approach has the disadvantage of increasing overall construction costs and extending the construction period because it requires the use of separate materials.

[0004] To address this, the Dryvit method was proposed and widely used. The Dryvit method is based on the concept of applying adhesive directly to the exterior of a building wall, bonding insulation material, and then applying a finishing material over it to form a protective layer. Compared to conventional insulation construction, this method significantly reduces construction costs and facilitates construction and exterior wall remodeling. However, exterior walls formed by the Dryvit method are highly vulnerable to fire. While this problem could be resolved by using non-combustible insulation, in reality, using expensive non-combustible materials dilutes the biggest advantage of the Dryvit method—namely, cost savings—so generally, inexpensive insulation materials such as Styrofoam have been used.

[0005] In particular, in Korea, small and medium-sized officetels and studio apartments, which are urban residential buildings, are densely constructed in city centers. Since building owners need to construct these buildings as quickly and cheaply as possible to generate profitability, the Dryvit method has been widely used. In the event of a fire in buildings constructed in this manner, the cheap insulation acts as kindling, causing the fire to spread rapidly and generate toxic gases, leading to large-scale fires and resulting casualties.

[0006] In the amendment to the “Enforcement Decree of the Building Act” that strengthens fire safety standards for buildings, the use of flammable exterior materials that are easily combustible, such as styrofoam, is completely banned in daycare centers, schools, and hospitals regardless of floor height or height, and for all buildings including neighborhood living facilities, the use of flammable exterior materials is prohibited if they are three stories or taller or 9 meters or taller, and this applies to all materials that make up the exterior walls.

[0007] The flame retardancy performance of building materials is classified into non-combustible materials, semi-non-combustible materials, and flame-retardant materials. For buildings with three or more stories, and for buildings used by children and the elderly, it is mandatory to use exterior materials of semi-non-combustible or higher that do not burn for at least 10 minutes.

[0008] Semi-noncombustible materials burn slightly or emit a small amount of smoke in the event of a fire but do not produce toxic gases, while flame-retardant materials are chemically processed to a state where they are difficult to burn.

[0009] Conventional semi-noncombustible exterior materials are formed by applying a noncombustible and flame-retardant fire-resistant agent to flame-retardant expanded polystyrene, forming bonding sections with cement and organic / inorganic adhesives, attaching and forming noncombustible boards to each bonding section, and forming a coating layer with excellent heat resistance on the outer surface of each board.

[0010] However, the aforementioned conventional semi-noncombustible exterior materials are relatively heavy, causing inconvenience in construction and maintenance while increasing the cost burden to enhance decorative and safety properties. Furthermore, it was difficult to improve decorative properties as much as the noncombustible or flame-retardant properties were strengthened, and since the noncombustible and flame-retardant functions of the adhesives used in the board attachment process do not meet the standards under the Building Act, there is a need for the development of noncombustible exterior materials with excellent weather resistance and aesthetics. The problem to be solved

[0012] The present invention was devised in response to the aforementioned problems and demands, and aims to provide a non-combustible exterior material that ensures safety functionality and reduces cost burden while maintaining decorativeness and safety as a building finishing material, by allowing for diverse selection of decorative properties of the exterior material while ensuring that the non-combustible function meets the standards required by the Building Act. means of solving the problem

[0014] The above-mentioned purpose is a finishing material (102) formed in a plate shape and composed of at least one of a non-combustible stone panel or ceramic tile; and a non-combustible insulation material (106) composed of at least one of mineral wool or glass wool that is adhered to the lower part of the finishing material (102); This is achieved by a non-combustible exterior material (100) characterized by including a non-combustible adhesive (104) composed of 10 to 50 wt% bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 3 to 8 wt% fluorine silicate, 1 to 10 wt% sodium fluoride silicate, 5 to 20 wt% refractory powder, 10 to 45 wt% calcium carbonate, 3 to 10 wt% titanium oxide, 3 to 10 wt% sodium triphosphate, 0.5 to 4 wt% aluminate coupling agent, 0.1 to 2 wt% dispersant, and 0.1 to 2 wt% leveling agent.

[0015] In addition, it is preferable that the above refractory powder is at least one of glass wool powder or mineral powder, kaolin, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, mechaeolite fiber, and cordierite powder.

[0016] In addition, it is preferable that the above non-combustible adhesive (104) further contains 1 to 3 weight percent of a viscosity modifier. Effects of the invention

[0018] The present invention provides an exterior finishing material with a non-combustible function by adding thermal insulation performance to non-combustible stone and ceramic tiles, thereby enabling the material to have various designs and appearances while complying with standards under the Building Act. At the same time, it allows for the insulation and exterior finishing to be carried out quickly without the need for separate exterior finishing material installation after the insulation material installation, thereby reducing the cost burden, ensuring economic efficiency, and securing decorative and safety features as a building finishing material. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0020] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating the composition of a non-combustible exterior material according to the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0021] The fireproof exterior material (100) of the present invention is composed of a finishing material (102), a fireproof insulation material (106), and a fireproof adhesive material (104) for joining or bonding the finishing material (102) and the fireproof insulation material (106), as shown in FIG. 1.

[0022] The above finishing material (102) can be selected from at least one of a non-combustible stone panel or ceramic tile.

[0023] The above stone panel is formed by slicing raw stone, such as granite or marble, to a thickness of about 30 to 60 mm into a plate shape. The reason for configuring the stone thickness to about 30 to 60 mm is to prevent the stone from breaking due to external forces when loading the stone into a cargo box for transportation or moving it to be used as an exterior building material.

[0024] Ceramic tiles are flat, clayey fired products made to cover surfaces such as floors and walls, and are usually very thin relative to their surface area. They are made to have special physical properties and characteristics by applying or pouring glaze, or by subjecting them to heat treatment during the manufacturing process, which causes substantial changes in the mechanical properties of the ceramic body through chemical reactions, crystal modification, and melting of components at temperatures above red-hot, whether through glazing, pouring, or unglazing.

[0025] The ceramic tiles mentioned above include interior tiles, exterior tiles, mosaic tiles, acid-resistant tiles, floor tiles, salt field tiles, quarry tiles, etc.

[0026] Ceramic tiles possess various properties and are non-combustible. Not only are they relatively easy to install, but they also rarely crack or discolor after installation and are particularly durable, making them the best material for covering and protecting the surfaces of structures.

[0027] Generally, ceramic tiles are materials used to enhance the aesthetic effect of a building by being used for surface decoration as exterior or interior finishing materials (102) for architectural purposes, so the color or shape of the surface must be beautiful. Therefore, there is a growing trend these days to develop tiles with excellent decorative properties.

[0028] And, the non-combustible insulation material (106) attached to the lower part of the finishing material (102) is made of at least one of mineral wool or glass wool.

[0029] The above mineral wool insulation is intended to prevent undesirable air movement (e.g., convective draft) and resulting moisture movement from one space to another, and is formed as a mat-like structure in which individual fibers are bonded into a non-woven structure by a binder, and is used to reduce the rate of heat transfer between two areas separated by a boundary.

[0030] For example, in an attic, insulation can be applied to the inner surface of the roof deck to slow down the transfer of heat through the roof deck—that is, from the outside of the house to the attic or vice versa—and can be applied to the exterior walls (e.g., between timber studs) to slow down the rate of heat transfer through the exterior walls and wall panels.

[0031] The above glass wool is manufactured into a mat form with a uniform thickness and width by liquefying glass raw materials at high heat and using a high-speed rotary centrifugal method, and the glass wool manufactured in this way is embedded between two metallic inner and outer layers and used as glass wool insulation.

[0032] In other words, glass wool is used as a core material when manufacturing glass wool insulation, and it performs an insulating function as an insulator.

[0033] The glass wool serving as the core material of the aforementioned glass wool insulation is an eco-friendly material harmless to the human body. It offers high fire safety as a non-combustible material, characterized by excellent stability due to its superior fire resistance, and provides the advantages of excellent thermal insulation performance and sound absorption through various thermal conductivity values ​​depending on density.

[0034] Accordingly, the non-combustible insulation material of the present invention can be manufactured by selecting at least one of the above-mentioned mineral wool and glass wool.

[0035] Meanwhile, the non-combustible adhesive (104) for bonding or bonding the non-combustible insulation material (106) to the lower part of the finishing material (102) is,

[0036] The above finishing material (102) and non-combustible insulation material (106) are non-combustible materials that satisfy the judgment criteria for the non-combustibility test specified in KS F ISO 1182, but when the finishing material (102) and the non-combustible insulation material (106) are joined as one non-combustible exterior material (100), they may not meet the judgment criteria for the non-combustibility test specified in KS F ISO 1182 due to the adhesive, so the non-combustible adhesive material (104) is also composed to satisfy the judgment criteria for the non-combustibility test specified in KS F ISO 1182.

[0037] The judgment criteria for the non-combustibility test specified in KS F ISO 1182 are not determined solely by the non-combustibility adhesive (104), and the non-combustibility exterior material (100) of the present invention, which is the final result after bonding or joining the finishing material (102) and the non-combustibility insulation material (106) with the non-combustibility adhesive (104), is tested to satisfy the judgment criteria for the non-combustibility test specified in KS F ISO 1182.

[0038] The above-mentioned non-combustible adhesive (104) has excellent adhesive strength and non-combustibility, is non-corrosive to metal materials, and has good adhesion to inorganic or organic materials, so high durability can be expected.

[0039] In addition, the adhesion strength between the structure, the finishing material (102), and the non-combustible insulation material (106) is enhanced, and heat resistance and non-combustibility are maintained, so fire propagation is prevented and the release of toxic gases is minimized in the event of a fire, and the non-combustibility, adhesive strength, and wet adhesive strength are excellent.

[0040] As a result, the non-combustible exterior material (100) according to the present invention, which includes the above-mentioned non-combustible adhesive (104) composition, satisfies the judgment criteria for the non-combustibility test specified in KS F ISO 1182, and has excellent non-combustibility, as well as excellent thermal insulation, mechanical properties, and adhesion.

[0041] The above-mentioned non-combustible adhesive (104) is composed of 10 to 50 weight% bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 3 to 8 weight% fluorine silicate, 5 to 20 weight% refractory powder, 10 to 45 weight% calcium carbonate, 3 to 10 weight% titanium oxide, 3 to 10 weight% sodium triphosphate, 0.5 to 4 weight% aluminate coupling agent, 0.1 to 2 weight% dispersant, and 0.1 to 2 weight% leveling agent.

[0042] The above bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is an epoxy resin for improving adhesion and durability, and the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether has at least two epoxy groups in one molecule, and it is preferable that the epoxy equivalent is 100 to 500 g / eq, and more preferably recommended that it is 150 to 300 g / eq.

[0043] The amount of the above-mentioned bisphenol A diglycidyl ether added is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to add 10 to 50 weight percent based on the total weight of the non-flammable adhesive (104) composition.

[0044] The above fluorine silicate is a chloride ion penetration enhancer and an alkali imparter, and when added in an amount of less than 3% by weight based on the total weight of the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition, the improvement in chloride ion penetration resistance is minimal, and when added in an amount of more than 8% by weight, the effect of increasing significantly with the amount added is minimal, which causes an increase in cost.

[0045] The sodium fluoride silicate above reacts with fluorine silicate to strengthen adhesion or harden, and when added in an amount of less than 1% by weight based on the total weight of the non-flammable adhesive (104) composition, the reaction with fluorine silicate is minimal, so the effect of strengthening adhesion is minimal, and when added in an amount exceeding 10% by weight, the effect of strengthening adhesion is minimal depending on the amount added, which causes an increase in cost.

[0046] The above-mentioned refractory powder controls the coefficient of thermal expansion of the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition and ensures that the adhesive has a certain strength and crack resistance. It improves the adhesive strength and durability of the substrate by making the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition have a coefficient of thermal expansion that is the same as or similar to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate. It is preferable to add 5 to 20 weight percent based on the total weight of the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition. If the content of the above-mentioned refractory powder falls outside the range of 5 to 20 weight percent, it is difficult to control the viscosity of the composition and difficult to apply to the substrate.

[0047] Here, the refractory powder may comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of glass wool powder or mineral powder, kaolin, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, mechaeolite fibers, and cordierite powder.

[0048] The above calcium carbonate is used as a refractory agent and has excellent functionality such as far-infrared rays, negative ions, deodorization, and antifungal properties, and is environmentally friendly. In particular, it is a material that improves the properties / workability of the adhesive by affecting the viscosity increase and flowability. When less than 10% by weight is added based on the total weight of the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition, the flowability improves, so the adhesive strength is weakened, and when more than 10% by weight is added, the viscosity increases too much, and the adhesive strength strengthening effect is reduced.

[0049] The above titanium oxide rises to the surface and becomes dense during adhesive curing, so it prevents the penetration of water vapor and other gases and liquids, as well as has excellent moisture resistance, durability, weather resistance, impact resistance, and chemical resistance. Due to thermal stability, it prevents the temperature rise of the substrate, thereby preventing neutralization / chlorination of the resin and maintaining the durability of the adhesive surface for a long period. When less than 3 weight% is added based on the total weight of the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition, thermal stability is reduced, and the ability to prevent the temperature rise of the substrate is reduced. When more than 10 weight% is added, the viscosity increases too much, and the adhesive strength is reduced.

[0050] The sodium triphosphate above serves to adsorb flux or fine particles remaining on the substrate surface, but if the content of the sodium triphosphate is less than 3 weight%, the adsorption rate of flux or fine particles decreases, and if it exceeds 10 weight%, it increases manufacturing costs.

[0051] The above aluminate coupling agent is a compatibilizer used to improve compatibility with refractory powders, and reacts with sodium triphosphate to exhibit properties such as expansion, rapid hardening, and early strength, and exhibits initial adhesive strength. When added in an amount of less than 0.5 weight%, the initial adhesive strength is insufficient, and when added in an amount exceeding 4 weight%, it exhibits rapid curing characteristics, whereas problems may arise in the development of later adhesive strength.

[0052] The above-mentioned dispersant is added to prevent the precipitation of raw materials such as refractory powder, calcium carbonate, and titanium oxide. If the amount is less than 0.5 weight%, the effect of preventing precipitation is insufficient, and if it exceeds 4 weight%, the effect of preventing precipitation does not increase significantly, while the problem of increasing costs arises. Therefore, it is desirable to use it within the above range.

[0053] The leveling agent mentioned above enhances the adhesive strength within the composition, and any ordinary leveling agent known in the field can be used without limitation. When less than 0.1 weight% is added based on the total weight of the non-combustible adhesive (104) composition, compatibility is reduced and the adhesive strength is weakened. When more than 2 weight% is added, compatibility is not significantly improved, and viscosity increases, which reduces the adhesive strength enhancement effect and may reduce price competitiveness.

[0054] In addition, 1 to 3 weight percent of a viscosity modifier may be added to the above-mentioned non-combustible adhesive (104) composition, and the flowability and viscosity can be controlled by adjusting the amount of viscosity modifier added, thereby allowing workability and adhesive strength to be controlled.

[0055] As described above, the present invention allows the finishing material (102) and the insulation material (106) to be strongly bonded together with a non-combustible adhesive (104) so ​​that the finishing material (102) and the insulation material can be composed as a single material, thereby enabling the creation of a building material with various designs and appearances, and a non-combustible exterior material (100) that meets the standards according to the building code. At the same time, during construction, the insulation material is installed without the need for a separate exterior finishing material (102) to be installed, and the insulation and exterior finishing materials can be installed quickly, thereby shortening the work time and construction period. This reduces the cost burden, ensures economic efficiency, and ensures decorativeness and safety as a building finishing material. Explanation of the symbols

[0057] 100 : Non-combustible exterior material 102 : Finishing materials 104 : Non-combustible adhesive 106 : Non-combustible insulation

Claims

Claim 1 A finishing material (102) made of at least one of a non-combustible stone panel or ceramic tile, formed in a plate shape; A non-combustible exterior material characterized by comprising: a non-combustible insulating material (106) made of at least one of mineral wool or glass wool that is adhered to the lower part of the finishing material (102); and a non-combustible adhesive material (104) that adheres the non-combustible insulating material (106) to the lower part of the finishing material (102) and is composed of 10 to 50 wt% bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 3 to 8 wt% fluorine silicate, 1 to 10 wt% sodium fluoride silicate, 5 to 20 wt% refractory powder, 10 to 45 wt% calcium carbonate, 3 to 10 wt% titanium oxide, 3 to 10 wt% sodium triphosphate, 0.5 to 4 wt% aluminate coupling agent, 0.1 to 2 wt% dispersant, and 0.1 to 2 wt% leveling agent. Claim 2 A non-combustible exterior material according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory powder is at least one of glass wool powder or mineral powder, kaolin, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, mechaeolite fiber, and cordierite powder. Claim 3 In claim 1, the non-combustible exterior material is characterized by the non-combustible adhesive (104) further containing 1 to 3 weight percent of a viscosity modifier.

Images