NUTRIENT MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS AND THEIR PREPARATION AND APPLICATION METHODS

Abstract

Nutrient mixture based on: extract of the brown algae Ascophyllum nododum (L) Le Jolis, as a source of macro- and micronutrients, vitamins, phytohormones, and toxins against bacteria, viruses, and pests; an amino acid compound containing at least 60% amino acids and at least 12% available nitrogen; and a source of carbohydrates. Nutrient solution, comprising: a nutrient mixture according to any of the preceding claims; and at least one solvent suitable for dissolving the nutrient mixture. Methods for preparing the nutrient mixture and solution of the present invention; and a method for feeding a living organism by providing it with an effective quantity of a nutrient mixture or solution as proposed by the present invention.

Description

NUTRIENT MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS AND THEIR PREPARATION AND APPLICATION METHODS TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the technical fields of Biotechnology and Agriculture, because it relates to a nutrient mixture and solution based on an extract of brown algae Ascophiltom nodosum (L) Le Joíis, a compound of amino acids and a source of carbohydrates; and it also relates to methods of preparing the nutrient mixture and solution and to a method of applying them. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As is well known, there is currently a wide variety of foliar fertilizers, both conventional and specialized, used in most crops, which are used as a complement to soil fertilization. They are normally composed of two or more primary nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium) and may contain one or more of the three secondary nutrients (Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium). Sulfur) or micronutrients (Boron, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum and / or Zinc). Some are more specific and their contents may include amino acids, seaweed or phytohormones. But in essence, they all seek to satisfy the requirements or deficiencies of nutrients 25 in plants, seeking to increase yields and improve the quality of production by providing beneficial elements for plant nutrition, but without directly influencing the plant's metabolism; that is, they generate an over-availability of nutrients with the premise of allowing sufficient nutrition for the plant. .30 -2» Patent document CN107628888 (A) describes a liquid seaweed fertilizer with drought-resistant properties, a method of preparation, and a method of application of the liquid seaweed fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer comprises the following components: a functional, drought-resistant seaweed carrier, wherein the seaweed carrier is derived from Sargassum and / or Ascophyllum nodosum and is an extract prepared from said seaweed that decomposes through enzymatic action. The patent also describes a method of preparing the liquid fertilizer, which comprises uniformly mixing the functional, drought-resistant carrier with humic acid, chemical fertilizers, and a surfactant to obtain the liquid seaweed fertilizer. The patent further describes that the liquid fertilizer can be applied to the roots and leaves of crops via drip irrigation and is highly applicable to integrated water-based fertilizer systems. Patent document EP538091, for its part, refers to a systemic plant food used in seed dressings, liquids, or foliar applications. It is prepared by alkaline hydrolysis of brown algae in the presence of a reducing agent. The systemic food comprises novel compositions derived from seaweed; it also describes the processes for preparing them and their applications in agriculture. According to this document, these compositions are obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of at least one brown alga in the presence of a reducing agent, at a temperature between 50 and 100°C, for a period of 4 to 8 hours. This hydrolysis is followed by neutralization and then filtration through an inorganic membrane. The document proposes an example of preparation using the seaweed Ascophydum nodosum.It is mentioned that it has unique characteristics of activity on the main physiological functions of plants, photosynthesis and respiration, increasing their energy potential, and refers to the acceleration of plant growth, cell elongation and seed germination. “3” While US patent document 6083293 describes a method for improving crop yields and plant protein compositions for use in crops, this method is specifically a chemical treatment for alfalfa and other crops to increase plant protein content and improve yield through a system of two liquid fertilizers in aqueous solution. The first solution comprises a liquid calcium complex, liquid Leonardita extract, and urea at 20% by weight; the second comprises Ascophyllum nodasum seaweed extract in a 5-25-25 fertilizer mixture, and a yeast suspension of brewer's yeast and blackstrap molasses. These solutions are mixed to form an aqueous solution that is applied to the crops to enhance their yield. Finally, patent document CN104447008 discloses a method for preparing liquid seaweed fertilizers, describing the 15 steps to follow for the extraction process to obtain the liquid seaweed fertilizer, using algae such as Sargassum spp., Ascophyllum nodosum, wakame, and others. It also involves a neutralization process using various acids, fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, amino acid salts, humic acids, and fulvic acids. Among the main drawbacks of current nutritional products is that they all have at least one chemical component, contain several ingredients, among other things. In order to counteract the aforementioned drawbacks, a nutrient mixture and solution were developed based on Ascophyllum nodosum (L) Le Jolís brown algae extract, an amino acid compound and a carbohydrate source; and methods for preparing the nutrient mixture and solution and a method for applying them to feed a 30 living being were also developed. “4~ OBJECT OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is a nutrient mixture, based on an extract of Ascophyllum nadosum (L) Le Jolís, a compound of amino acids and a source of 5 carbohydrates. Another object of the present invention is a nutrient solution, which comprises the nutrient mixture of the present invention and a suitable solvent. Yet another object of the present invention is a method for preparing a nutrient mixture according to the present invention. This invention also relates to a method for preparing a nutrient solution in accordance with the present invention. Therefore, the present invention also has as its object a method for nourishing a living being, using the mixture and / or nutrient solution proposed by the present invention. The additional features and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood by the detailed description of some preferred embodiments thereof, given by means of non-limiting examples and with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Figure 1 is a photograph of a field of Agave tequitana (L) Weber before the first application of the nutrient formulation of the present invention, taken on June 21, 2017. Figure 2 is a photograph of the same A. t&guflana (L) Weber cultivation plot, taken on September 12, 2017, almost 3 months after the first application: where a second application of our formulation was also made. -5Figure 3 is a photograph of said agave cultivation plot, taken on December 7, 2017, almost 3 months after the second application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 5 Nutritious blend In the first instance, the present invention relates to a nutrient mixture containing: i) brown algae extract, as a source of macro and micronutrients, vitamins, phytohormones, and toxins against bacteria, viruses and pests; (i) an amino acid compound having at least 60% amino acids; and at least 12% available nitrogen: although a minimum content of 80% amino acids and 13.62% is preferred. Available nitrogen; and üi) a source of carbohydrates. In a realization of the nutrient mixture, the brown algae is Ascophyllum 20 nodosum (L) Le Jolís. In another embodiment of the nutrient mixture according to the present invention, the amino acid compound contains: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isofeucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine. However, a preferred embodiment is when the amino acids of said amino acid compound are in the following amounts, according to the total weight of the nutrient mixture: alanine 11.85%, arginine 6.1%, aspartic acid 5.17%, cysteine ​​0.31%, glutamic acid 8.89%, glycine 16.3%, histidine 0.7%, isofeucine 1.48%, leucine 2.82%, lysine 2.94%, methionine 0.91%, phenylalanine 1.98%, proline 10.9%, tryptophan 0.3%, serine 3.48%, threonine 2.98%, tyrosine 1.2% and valine 1.7%. It is preferred that the amino acid compound be derived from the soy protein Glycine max L: and that the source of carbohydrates be muscovado sugar. Another realization of the nutrient mixture is when they are mixed in the following 5 quantities: brown algae extract is in an amount of 33.33%; the amino acid compound in 33.33%; and the carbohydrate source in 33.33%; with respect to the total weight of said nutrient mixture. It should be noted that the aim of the present invention is to obtain an organic nutrient mixture in such a way that it does not affect the environment or the health of the consumer. Nutrient solution The present invention also relates to a nutrient solution, which comprises a nutrient mixture, described in the present invention; and at least one solvent suitable for dissolving the nutrient mixture, such as water. A realization of the nutrient solution is when the nutrient mixture is in an amount of 0.45% and the suitable solvent in an amount of at least 99.55%. Method for preparing the nutrient mixture of the present invention Therefore, the present invention relates to a method for preparing the nutrient mixture proposed by the present invention, wherein said method comprises the steps of: first manually mixing the carbohydrate source with the amino acid compound having at least 60% amino acids and at least 12% available nitrogen; although a minimum content of 80% amino acids and 13.62% available nitrogen is preferred; and then adding and -7 Mix the seaweed into the previous mixture. The mixing can be done manually or mechanically. One variation of this method is when the brown algae is Ascophyfíum nodosum 5 (L) Le Jolis. An embodiment of the method according to the present invention is when the amino acid compound contains: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine. A preferred embodiment is when the amino acids are in the following amounts, according to the total weight of the mixture: alanine 11.85%, arginine 6.1%, aspartic acid 5.17%, cysteine ​​0.31%, glutamic acid 8.89%, glycine 16.3%, histidine 0.7%, isoleucine 1.48%, leucine 2.82%, lysine 2.94%, methionine 0.91%, phenylalanine 1.98%, proline 10.9%, tryptophan 0.3%, serine 3.48%, threonine 2.98%, tyrosine 1.2% and valine 1.7%. Also, one realization of the method in question is that it is suggested that) the amino acid compound be derived from the soy protein Glycine max (L); and 20 the carbohydrate source is muscovado sugar. One embodiment of the present method for preparing the nutrient mixture is when the ingredients are mixed in the following quantities: the brown algae extract in an amount of 33.33%; the amino acid compound in 33.33%; and the carbohydrate source in 33.33%; with respect to the total weight of such mixture. Method for preparing the nutrient solution of the present invention The present invention also provides a method for preparing the nutrient solution 30 in accordance with the present invention, wherein the method comprises the steps of: i) mixing the nutrient mixture described in the present invention with at least 10% by volume of a suitable solvent, such as water; and ii) mixing the remainder of the at least one suitable solvent to completely dissolve the nutrient mixture. One realization of the method for preparing the nutrient solution is when the nutrient mixture is in an amount of 0.45% and the suitable solvent in an amount of at least 99.55%. Methods of applying the mixture and nutrient solution, included in the present invention Finally, the present invention also includes methods for nourishing a living being, where said methods comprise the step of applying an effective amount of the nutrient mixture according to the present invention, or an effective amount of the nutrient solution described in the present invention, directly to the living being to be nourished. Living beings that can be nourished, either with the mixture or with the nutrient solution described above, can be all those living beings that can consume and take advantage of the benefits of the mixture and / or nutrient solution, such as vegetables. Forms of presentation of the nutrient mixture and solution The nutrient mixture and solution described in the present invention can be presented as a 100% soluble powder in an aqueous medium, such as water; they are obtained enzymatically without the use of chemical or animal products, so that they are chemical-free products and are therefore non-toxic to those who consume them, do not harm the environment, do not pollute, among other benefits; that is, it is ecological. Technical effects Among the technical effects achieved by the nutrient mixture and solution is that they provide: main nutrients such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; secondary nutrients Sulfur, Magnesium, Calcium; and micronutrients such as Boron, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Zinc; plus phytohormones such as auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins. The application of this nutrient mixture and solution provides nutritional advantages, in addition to promoting, increasing, and enhancing the metabolism of the organisms that consume it. Therefore, it leads to significant energy savings that are then utilized in other biological processes. In this way, they counteract the physiological stress caused by adverse conditions or attacks from pests and diseases, stress, etc. Furthermore, it promotes their growth, development, production, and maturation. The attached figures illustrate the effect produced by the nutritive formulation of the present invention on a plot of Agave téqu / lana (L) Weber cultivation. Figure 1 shows the initial condition of the agave plants at the start of treatment. On the same day, the first application of our nutrient formulation was made to the foliage of the plants. Almost three months later (September 12, 2017), the same plants were photographed again (Figure 2), and an improvement in their overall appearance can be seen. On the same day, a second application of the nutrient formulation was given, and after almost another three months (December 7, 2017), the plants were photographed again (Figure 3), and the improvement in their appearance was maintained, showing a greater number of leaves, more succulent leaves, young leaves, etc. 70» Examples The following examples illustrate some of the embodiments of the present invention, and therefore these examples should not be considered as a limitation to the scope of the invention. Example 1. Method for preparing a nutrient mixture. 300 g of commercial muscovado sugar, as a carbohydrate source, were manually mixed with 300 g of an amino acid compound containing 80% amino acids and 13.62% free nitrogen, marketed by Mycsa Ag; then 300 g of fine powdered Ascophyllum nodosam (L) Le Jolis seaweed extract (fertilizer grade), also marketed by Mycsa Ag, were added. A nutrient mixture with a total weight of 900 g was obtained, which was packaged for later use. Example 2. Method for preparing a nutrient solution. The 900 g of nutrient mixture obtained in example 1 were first mixed with 20 L of water in a bucket by stirring manually; then this mixture was added to a mixing tank containing 180 L of water, where manual stirring was done to ensure proper dissolution. Example 3. Experimental tests to observe the effect of the nutrient solution 25 of the present invention on the cultivation of Agave tequiana (L) Weber. To demonstrate the effects of the nutrient solution of the present invention, a field trial was conducted from May 2018 to May 2019 in Tequila, Jalisco, Mexico. The nutrient solution was applied as a foliar fertilizer to 30 Agave tequilana (L.) Weber plants. Three other commercially available foliar fertilizers were also included for comparison. The number of detached leaves was quantified. To identify the newly detached leaves, in the first application (May 2018), all the tips (spines) of the leaves already detached from the agave plants' heart were removed. The leaves detached from the heart and with spines were the result of five applications of the foliar products. The reading was taken on the first day of each month, starting in June 2018. Three applications of foliar products were made, which were carried out in May 2018, October 2018 and March 2019.The results can be compared in the following Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4. As can be seen, the nutritive formulation of the present invention, cumulatively, 10 presented greater numbers of leaves detached from the bud than the commercial mixtures. Table 1. Number of detachment of leaves in Agave tequilana (L) Weber plants treated with the nutritive formulation of the present invention. #P Months of the year 2018 12 Months of year 2019 # Total 06 ”oF ”08“ 09Γ 10 Ϊ1 oT oF 03 04 “05“ 1 0 4 4 8 7 5 7 4 2 2 I ω ii ω 3 52 2 0 6 8 10 10 6 6 5 3 2 4 4 6 70 3 0 5 6 7 7 6 5 5 3 3 3 3 5 58 4 0 5 7 7 7 6 6 5 4 3 3 1 3 3 59 5 0 4 5 10 11 6 8 5 4 4 4 4 5 70 “TF θ' ir 4 6 ' 6 i...”T 3 3~ ~F~ ”F ______ T” ”46“ 7 0 2 4 8 6 4 5 5 3 4 3 4 4 52 8 0 6 5 6 9 6 8 6 3 3 4 5 5 66 9 0 4 4 8 7 6 5 5 3 3 3 3 4 55 10 0 3 3 4 5 3 5 3 2 2 1 5 2 38 Monthly 42 50 74 75 53 59 46 30 28 30 38 41 566 # P = number of plants; # Total = Total number of detached leaves. 12” More specifically, the results are self-explanatory, showing that the nutrient formulation of the present invention resulted in 34, 65, and 25 more detached leaves than the Vitafort + Stímplex, Ami Krone + Stímplex, and Aminocel 500 + Stímplex mixtures, respectively. The foliar application of this nutrient solution to agave, based on 5 amino acids, Asphodellum nodosum (L.) Le Jolis (seaweed), and carbohydrates, provided the plant with nutritional advantages, in addition to promoting, increasing, and enhancing the metabolism of the crops. Therefore, we can conclude that this composition, when applied, allows the crops to generate significant energy savings that are utilized in other biological processes. In this way, the crops will counteract the physiological stress caused by adverse conditions or the attack of pests and diseases. Furthermore, it promotes their growth, development, flowering, and maturation. Table 2. Number of leaf detachment in Agave tequilana (L) Weber plants treated with a mixture of the commercial products Vítafort + Stímplex. #P Months of the year 2018 Months of the year 2019 # Total 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 1 0 4 5 6 6 5 5 3 3 2 2 2 2 45 2 0 4 6 | 8 8 5 7 5 3 3 3 4 5 61 3 0 5 5 6 5 5 6 6 3 3 2 1 3 50 4 0 4 5 | 7 7 4 6 5 2 4 4 4 5 57 5 0 4 6 | 6 7 4 4 2 3 2 1 2 3 44 6 0 5 7 8 7 6 5 4 1 2 3 3 5 56 7 0 5 8 9 7 6 5 4 3 4 2 4 4 61 8 0 5 6 6 7 5 6 4 2 3 3 4 5 56 --------..... 9 o' ''δ'' ..... Ύ~” 6 4' T .....2 2... .....ϊ ' .....2~ ~2~ 'T 10 0 5 5 8 8 5 7 4 4 3 3 5 3 60 Monthly 46 __ '68 49 55 39 26 27 25 31 37 i 532 # P = number of plants; # Total - Total number of detached leaves. »13» Table 3. Number of leaf detachment in Agave tequiiana (L) Weber plants treated with a mixture of the commercial products Ami Krone + Stimplex. #P Months of the year 2018 Months of the year 2019 # 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 Total 1 0 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 3 3 3 3 48 2 0 4 5 6 6 3 5 4 2 3 3 2 3 46 3 0 6 8 7 6 4 7 3 3 2 3 3 3 55 4 0 5 5 4 6 4 4 2 3 3 2 2 2 42 5 0 5 6 5 6 5 4 1 0 2 0 2 2 38 6 0 5 6 8 8 6 5 4 3 4 4 4 5 62 7 0 6 5 8 6 3 6 4 3 2 2 4 4 53 8 0 4 5 7 6 4 6 5 2 3 3 3 4 52 9 0 3 5 9 7 5 5 2 1 2 2 3 2 46 10 0 5 5 9 9 6 6 4 1 4 2 4 4 59 Census 47 55 68 65 45 53 34 20 28 24 30 32 501 # P - number of plants: # Total ~ Total number of detached leaves. When this nutrient formulation is used as a foliar fertilizer in vegetable crops, it can be applied at any time of year and at any age of the crops. The components of its formulation interact with the photosynthetic activity of the plants, increasing metabolic processes by acting as a bio-activator, bio-stimulator, and bio-regulator in a natural way, helping to obtain better yields and higher quality harvests. «*1 ¿1·°° Table 4. Number of leaf detachment in Agave tequilana (L) Weber plants treated with a mixture of the commercial products Aminocel 500+ Stlmpiex. #P Months of the year 2018 Months of the year 2019 # 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 Total 1 0 3 4 7 7 4 5 4 2 1 2 2 2 43 2 0 3 5 6 7 5 7 5 3 2 3 3 b 54 3 0 4 4 6 6 4 5 4 2 3 3 4 4 49 4 0 i 4 7 6 7 4 5 4 1 3 2 4 5 52 5 0 5 6 6 6 5 5 3 2 2 3 4 3 50 6 0 5 6 9 8 6 6 4 3 4 3 4 4 62 7 0 3 4 8 8 6 6 3 3 4 3 3 3 54 8 0 5 5 10 9 7 8 4 3 4 3 3 ¡ | Qi i 66 9 0 5 6 8 7 ¡ 4 7 4 1 2 3 3 2 52 10 0 3 6 8 6 6 6 5 4 4 4 2 5 59 Monthly 40 53 74 71 51 60 40 24 29 29 32 38 541 &P~ number of plants; # Total = Total number of detached leaves.

Claims

1. A nutrient mixture, characterized by comprising: 5 i) brown algae extract, as a source of macro and micronutrients, vitamins, phytohormones, and toxins against bacteria, viruses, and pests; ii) an amino acid compound containing at least 60% amino acids and at least 12% available nitrogen; and üi) a source of carbohydrates.

2. The mixture of the preceding claim, wherein the brown algae is Ascophyllum nodosum (L) Le Jolis.

3. The mixture according to claim 1, wherein the amino acid compound 15 contains at least 80% amino acids and 13.62% available nitrogen.

4. The mixture according to claims 1 and 3, wherein the amino acid compound contains: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine.

5. The mixture of the preceding claim, wherein the amino acids are in the following amounts, according to the total weight of the mixture: alanine 25 11.85%, arginine 6.1%, aspartic acid 5.17%, choline 0.31%, glutamic acid 8.89%, glycine 16.3%, histidine 0.7%, isoleucine 1.48%, leucine 2.82%, lysine 2.94%, methionine 0.91%, phenylalanine 1.98%, proline 10.9%, tryptophan 0.3%, serine 3.48%, threonine 2.98%, tyrosine 1.2%, and valine 1.7%.

6. The mixture according to claims 1, 3, 4 and 5, wherein the amino acid compound is derived from the soy protein Gicine max L, 7. The mixture of claim 1, wherein the source of carbohydrates is muscovado sugar.

8. The mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brown seaweed extract is in an amount of 33.33%; the amino acid compound in 33.33%; and the carbohydrate source in 33.33%; with respect to the total weight of the mixture.

9. A nutrient solution, characterized in that it comprises: I) a nutrient mixture, in accordance with any of the preceding claims; and II) at least one solvent suitable for dissolving the nutrient mixture.

10. The solution of the preceding claim, wherein the nutrient mixture is in an amount of 0.45% and the suitable solvent is in an amount of at least 99.55%.

11. The solution of claims 9 and 10, wherein the suitable solvent is water.

12. A method for preparing a nutrient mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: i) first manually mixing the carbohydrate source with the amino acid compound; and ii) mixing the seaweed into the above mixture.

13. The method of the previous claim, where the brown algae is Asoophyllum nodosum (L) Le Jolis. *17- 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the amino acid compound contains at least 80% amino acids and 13.62% available nitrogen. 5 15. The method according to claims 12 and 14, wherein the amino acid compound contains: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isourecine, teucine, uline, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine. 10 16. The method of the preceding claim, wherein the amino acids are in the following amounts, according to the total weight of the mixture: alanine 11.85%, arginine 6.1%, aspartic acid 5.17%, cysteine ​​0.31%, glutamic acid 8.89%, glycine 16.3%, histidine 0.7%, isoureucine 1.48%, leucine 2.82%, lysine 2.94%, methionine 0.91%, phenylalanine 1.98%, protein 10.9%, tryptophan 0.3%, serine 3.48%, threonine 2.98%, tyrosine 1.2%, and valine 1.7%.

17. The method according to claims 12, 14, 15 and 16, wherein the amino acid compound is derived from soy protein G / ycine max (L).

18. The method of claim 12, wherein the source of carbohydrates is muscovado sugar.

19. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the brown algae extract is in an amount of 33.33%; the amino acid compound in 33.33%; and the carbohydrate source in 33.33%; with respect to the total weight of the mixture.

20. A method for preparing a nutrient solution according to claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it comprises: »18» i) mixing a nutrient mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8 with at least 10% by volume of at least one suitable solvent; and ii) mixing the remainder of the at least one suitable solvent to completely dissolve the nutrient mixture.

21. The method of the preceding claim, wherein the nutrient mixture is in an amount of 0.45% and the suitable solvent is in an amount of at least 99.55%.

22. The method of claims 20 and 21, wherein the suitable solvent is water.

23. A method for feeding a living being, characterized in that it comprises, 15 applying an effective amount of a nutrient mixture according to claims 1 to 8; or an effective amount of a nutrient solution according to claims 9 to 11.

24. The method of the previous claim, where the living being is a plant.