Devices for steel pipe pile Anti-slippage with shock-absorbing airbags and methods for using the same

Abstract

Disclosed is a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag and its method of use. The device includes a housing, and a cover plate, an internal locking mechanism, and a shock-absorbing airbag device disposed inside the housing. The housing is sleeved onto a steel pipe pile. The internal locking mechanism configured to clamp an inner flange ring on an inner wall of the pile's upper port between the cover plate and itself. Water-permeable channels communicating with the exterior are provided in the cover plate and the housing, each equipped with a self-adaptive closing valve to adaptively control the channel's open and closed states. During normal vibratory sinking, each hammer impact compresses the shock-absorbing airbag, reducing water resistance against sinking. During pile slippage, discharged water flow pushes the valve's conical plug to close against a return spring, increasing internal water pressure to effectively arrest slippage.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a Continuation of International Application No. PCT / CN2023 / 135797, filed on Dec. 1, 2023, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310917946.3, filed on Jul. 25, 2023, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to a field of pile foundation construction in marine engineering, and in particular to a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag and a method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag.BACKGROUND

[0003] The construction of pile foundations is essential for marine resource exploitation and development equipment, ranging from port wharves, bridges, and offshore wind farms in shallow water areas to offshore jacket platforms in deep water areas. Steel pipe piles are widely used in marine structural pile foundation construction due to their ability to withstand the intermittent impact force of pile hammers, high bearing capacity, design flexibility, and ease of adjustment by lengthening or cutting the pile length. Regarding the drivability of steel piles, open-ended steel piles are easier to drive into the soil layer than closed-ended steel piles. The offshore pile driving process is susceptible to conditions such as wind resistance, water currents, and geotechnical properties, as well as environmental constraints, thereby increasing risk factors and making the difficulties more pronounced. Simultaneously, with the continuous improvement in global material and equipment manufacturing capabilities, the dimensions of steel piles have undergone significant changes, characterized by larger diameters, longer lengths, and greater penetration depths. Therefore, safety protection design for the pile driving scheme during the steel pile driving process is essential to ensure safe pile installation.

[0004] During the continuous driving process of large-diameter, ultra-long steel piles, a sudden phenomenon may occur where the steel pile suddenly sinks automatically to a certain depth during a hammer blow or in the interval between two blows. In construction, this state of automatic sinking of the steel pile is termed pile slippage. Pile slippage is a hazardous phenomenon in pile driving construction. Its occurrence affects pile driving efficiency. Excessive slippage speed may cause damage to the pile hammer and the steel pile, increase driving costs, and even render the pile foundation unusable, necessitating pile replacement or relocation of the driving area. Pile slippage may also lead to an inability to accurately evaluate the bearing capacity of the pile foundation after driving.

[0005] To address the pile slippage problem of large-diameter steel pipe piles, current existing technologies primarily involve adding a flow restrictor plate at a pile opening (e.g., the patent with publication number CN113863307A). By altering the water flow through permeable holes on the restrictor plate, a penetration speed during slippage is slowed. This method requires first detecting whether pile slippage has occurred and then actively controlling the water flow through the holes using an electronic control system. The detection and control system for this method is relatively complex, resulting in lower operational stability and effectiveness. Furthermore, its response speed in dealing with rapid pile slippage is insufficient, failing to fully meet anti-slippage requirements.

[0006] In addition, the fixing effectiveness of existing anti-slippage devices to the steel pipe pile needs improvement. Current anti-slippage devices are typically fixed to the sidewall of the steel pipe pile by means of friction. However, as water pressure inside the pile increases sharply during a slippage event, there is a risk of the anti-slippage device detaching from the steel pipe pile.SUMMARY

[0007] One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag, comprising: a housing; and a cover plate, an internal locking mechanism, and a shock-absorbing airbag device that are disposed inside the housing.

[0008] The housing includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve, an intermediate chamber, and an upper cylinder body. The lower outer sleeve is sleeved onto a steel pipe pile to be constructed. The cover plate is disposed inside the housing and located at a top of the lower outer sleeve, and a sealing ring is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve. The intermediate chamber is located above the cover plate. The upper cylinder body is located above the intermediate chamber. An upper port of the upper cylinder body is configured to mount a vibratory hammer device.

[0009] The internal locking mechanism includes a driving hydraulic cylinder and a plurality of force arm mechanisms driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder The driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber of the housing, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder extends downward through the cover plate. The driving hydraulic cylinder is configured to synchronously drive the plurality of force arm mechanisms to spread outward and upward, causing the force arm mechanisms to abut against a bottom surface of an inner flange ring on an inner wall of an upper port of the steel pipe pile, such that the inner flange ring on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile is clamped between the cover plate and the force arm mechanisms.

[0010] One or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate and one or more second through holes are formed in a side wall of the intermediate chamber. Each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel. A self-adaptive closing valve is disposed in the water-permeable channel, and the self-adaptive closing valve is configured to adaptively control an open state and a closed state of the water-permeable channel based on a sinking state of the steel pipe pile. The self-adaptive closing valve includes a valve wall, and a conical valve plug, a return spring, and a support plate that are installed inside the valve wall. A front end of the valve wall is a conical wall with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall is a cylindrical wall. The support plate is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall of the valve wall. The conical valve plug is mounted on the support plate via the return spring. When the return spring is in a natural state, the conical valve plug is separated from the opening of the conical wall.

[0011] The shock-absorbing airbag device is disposed at a bottom of the cover plate. The shock-absorbing airbag device includes a mounting frame, a baffle plate, and the shock-absorbing airbag; the mounting frame is connected to the bottom of the cover plate. The baffle plate is disposed on the mounting frame and located below the internal locking mechanism. The shock-absorbing airbag is installed inside the mounting frame below the baffle plate.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process of a method for using a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal locking mechanism of a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag in a locked state according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a self-adaptive closing valve in a natural state according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a self-adaptive closing valve in a closed state after being pushed by water flow according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] Reference numerals in the drawings: 100—housing, 110—lower outer sleeve, 111 sealing ring, 120—intermediate chamber, 130—upper cylinder body, 140—hatch, 150—cable port; 200—cover plate; 300—internal locking mechanism, 310—driving hydraulic cylinder, 320—force arm mechanism, 330—mounting plate, 321—connecting rod, 322—movable bent arm, 323—clamping block; 400—bushing; 500—limit frame; 600—steel pipe pile, 610—inner flange ring; 700—water-permeable channel; 800—self-adaptive closing valve, 810—valve wall, 811—conical wall, 812—cylindrical wall, 820—conical valve plug, 830—return spring, 840—support plate; 900—shock-absorbing airbag device, 910—mounting frame, 920—baffle plate, 93—shock-absorbing airbag.

[0018] For a person of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings may be obtained according to the above drawings without creative efforts.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following further describes in detail some embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provides a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag. The device includes a housing 100, and a cover plate 200, an internal locking mechanism 300, and a shock-absorbing airbag device 900 disposed inside the housing 100.

[0021] The housing 100 refers to an overall shell structure configured to enclose and fix internal functional components, such as a segmented steel plate welded housing, an integrally formed cast steel housing, a sleeve-type combined housing, or the like.

[0022] In some embodiments, the housing 100 includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve 110, an intermediate chamber 120, and an upper cylinder body 130. The lower outer sleeve 14 is sleeved onto a steel pipe pile 600 to be constructed, the cover plate 200 is disposed inside the housing 100 and located at a top of the lower outer sleeve 1, and a sealing ring 111 is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve 110. The intermediate chamber 120 is located above the cover plate 200, the upper cylinder body 130 is located above the intermediate chamber 120, and an upper port of the upper cylinder body 130 is configured to mount a vibratory hammer device.

[0023] The lower outer sleeve 110 is a lower sleeve portion of the housing 100, configured to sleeve onto a periphery of the steel pipe pile 600 to be constructed and position the housing 100.

[0024] An inner diameter of the lower outer sleeve 110 matches an outer diameter of the steel pipe pile 600. An inner wall of the lower outer sleeve 110 is provided with a seal ring groove or a positioning boss, and an outer side of the lower outer sleeve 110 is provided with a fixing hole. A bearing surface or a flange for mating with the cover plate 200 is formed on an upper end of the lower outer sleeve 110, configured for sealing or rigid connection.

[0025] The lower outer sleeve 110 fixes and sleeves the housing 100 onto the steel pipe pile 600, achieving radial positioning, sealing isolation, and force transmission.

[0026] The intermediate chamber 120 refers to an annular or cylindrical cavity located between the lower outer sleeve 110 and the upper cylinder body 130 of the housing 100, such as an intermediate chamber formed by welding annular steel plates, a combined intermediate chamber with an access hatch and pipeline connectors, or the like.

[0027] In some embodiments, the intermediate chamber 120 is a cylindrical structure with upper and lower flanges. Upper and lower ends of the intermediate chamber 120 are connected to the lower outer sleeve 110 and the upper cylinder body 130, respectively, through flanges, bolts, or welding. In some embodiments, a side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 is provided with a through hole, a hydraulic cylinder fixing base, and a plurality of pipeline / cable perforations. An inner wall of the intermediate chamber 120 is provided with a guide groove or a guide base to position a driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and a mounting plate 330. A bottom or the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 may be provided with a drainage / sampling port and an access hatch.

[0028] In some embodiments, a hatch 140 is disposed at a top of the intermediate chamber 120.

[0029] The hatch 140 refers to an openable and closable component disposed on the intermediate chamber 120.

[0030] In some embodiments, an interface between the hatch 140 and the top of the intermediate chamber 120 typically includes a flange surface with an embedded sealing gasket to achieve watertight or airtight performance. This arrangement provides direct access for inspection and maintenance to internal components, such as the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and pipelines, of the intermediate chamber 120, facilitating installation, disassembly, and routine maintenance and inspection of driving components.

[0031] Disposing the hatch 140 at the top of the intermediate chamber 120 facilitates the installation, inspection, and maintenance of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310, pipelines, electrical components, and a self-adaptive closing valve 800. The hatch 140 also enables quick disassembly and repair in case of failure, which further improves on-site maintenance efficiency and device maintainability, thereby enhancing overall reliability, construction efficiency, and service life.

[0032] In some embodiments, a cable port 150 is provided on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 for routing out a cable of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310.

[0033] The cable port 150 refers to a penetration hole or conduit provided on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120, configured to lead out or lead in a cable. For example, the cable port 150 includes a round hole with a metal sheath, a multi-hole socket with a rubber sealing sleeve, a flange hole with a pre-installed cable connector, or the like.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cable port 150 is provided with a metal bushing or a flexible sealing sleeve. A periphery of the cable port 150 is equipped with a sealing gasket, a junction box, or a cable connector panel to achieve mechanical protection, waterproof sealing, and convenient connection for cables.

[0035] Providing the cable port 150 on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 facilitates orderly routing of cables for the hydraulic cylinder and control components and connecting the cables to an external control system, ensuring reliability and maintainability of electrical / hydraulic interfaces.

[0036] The upper cylinder body 130 refers to an upper cylindrical portion of the housing 100, configured to support and fix the vibratory hammer device, connect to the intermediate chamber 120, and transmit vibratory hammer load to the housing 100.

[0037] In some embodiments, the upper cylinder body 130 is an axisymmetric cylindrical structure, provided with an upper-end vibratory hammer mounting base or flange. A middle portion of the upper cylinder body 130 is connected to an upper-end flange of the intermediate chamber 120, and is provided with reinforcing ribs or annular supports to increase axial and circumferential stiffness. A lower end of the upper cylinder body 130 mates with a flange or a sealing surface of the intermediate chamber 120.

[0038] The upper cylinder body 130 provides mechanical mounting and constraint for the vibratory hammer, bears axial and lateral forces generated by the vibratory hammer under vibration and impact conditions, and transmits the forces to the lower outer sleeve 110 and the pile through the cylinder body-housing structure. Simultaneously, the upper cylinder body 130, as an upper enclosed or semi-enclosed structure of the housing 100, provides rigid connection and protection between the intermediate chamber 120 and the vibratory hammer. During operation of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage, the vibratory hammer is rigidly connected to the upper cylinder body 130 through a mounting base. Inertial force and impact force of the vibratory hammer are borne by the upper cylinder body 130 and dispersed through a body wall of the cylinder body to the housing 100 as a whole.

[0039] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes the cover plate 200 disposed inside the housing 100.

[0040] The cover plate 200 is a partition installed inside the housing 100 and located at the top of the lower outer sleeve 110, configured to bear internal mechanisms and form a lower boundary of the intermediate chamber 120. Exemplary cover plates 2 include a flat cover plate, a perforated cover plate with through holes, a cover plate with reinforcing ribs, or the like.

[0041] The cover plate 200 is a load-bearing structural component, having through holes to form a water-permeable channel 700 and an axial hole for a drive rod to pass through. A surface of the cover plate 200 may be provided with mounting holes, positioning pin holes, and reinforcing ribs. A material of the cover plate 200 is typically thick steel or a casting.

[0042] The cover plate 200 is configured to support and position the internal locking mechanism 300 and a mounting frame 910 of a shock-absorbing airbag 930, withstand a penetrating force of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310, cooperate with the sealing ring 111 and the lower outer sleeve 110 to form a clamping interface for an inner flange ring 610, and communicate with the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 through the through holes to form the water-permeable channel 700.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cover plate 200 is fixedly installed at the top of the lower outer sleeve 110 or fastened through a flange, forming an axially movable fit relative to the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The through holes of the cover plate 200 communicate with the through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via a connecting pipeline. The cover plate 200 itself remains stationary during operation.

[0044] In some embodiments, a bushing 400 for mounting the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is disposed at a central position of the cover plate 200. The drive rod extends through and is mounted in the bushing 400.

[0045] The bushing 400 refers to a cylindrical sleeve or a guide member disposed at the central position of the cover plate 200, configured to guide and support the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bushing 400 is a cylindrical component. An outer diameter of the bushing 400 fits with a through hole or a mounting hole of the cover plate 200. One end of the bushing 400 is provided with a flange for positioning and force transmission. An inner hole of the bushing 400 is a smooth cylindrical hole or a stepped hole with a guide sleeve. An inner diameter of the bushing 400 is based on a diameter of the drive rod with a sliding fit clearance reserved. A material of the bushing 400 may be metal, alloy, or engineering plastic. The bushing 400 may be provided with an inner liner, a lubrication hole, or a sealing groove.

[0047] In some embodiments, the bushing 400 is fixedly disposed at the through hole at the central position of the cover plate 200. The fixing manner may include an interference fit, threaded connection, welding, or flange fastening. The drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extend axially through the bushing 400s and is connected to the mounting plate 330 or a linkage mechanism. The drive rod is allowed only axial displacement within the bushing 400 while radial swing is restricted. Axial positioning between the bushing 400 and the cover plate 200 may be achieved through elements such as a washer or a retaining ring. A sealing ring 111 may be provided between an exterior of the bushing 400 and the cover plate 200 to prevent medium leakage from a cavity through a gap.

[0048] Disposing the bushing 400 at the central position of the cover plate 200 and having the drive rod pass through the bushing 400 can effectively ensure axial alignment and radial stability of the drive rod, reduce wear between the drive rod and the hole of the cover plate 200, lower the risk of seal leakage, improve synchronization and action accuracy of a force arm mechanism 320, extend device service life, and enhance construction reliability and maintenance convenience.

[0049] In some embodiments, a limit frame 500 is further disposed at a central position of a bottom surface of the cover plate 200. A guide hole is formed at a central position of a bottom portion of the limit frame 500, and a guide sliding sleeve is installed in the guide hole. The drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends through and is mounted in the guide sliding sleeve.

[0050] The limit frame 500 refers to a frame-type or support-type structural component disposed at the central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200, configured to limit and support the drive rod and a motion path of the drive rod. Exemplary limit frames 500 include a U-shaped limit frame, an annular limit frame, a tubular limit frame with reinforcing ribs, a limit support fixed by welding or bolts, or the like.

[0051] In some embodiments, the limit frame 500 is fixedly mounted at the central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200, exhibiting an overall frame-like or short-cylindrical structure. The guide hole is disposed at the central position of the bottom portion of the limit frame 500, configured to mount the guide sliding sleeve. The limit frame 500 may be provided with reinforcing ribs or a thickened wall structure to increase its load-bearing capacity against lateral loads from the drive rod. The limit frame 500 may be connected to the cover plate 200 via welding, bolts, or integral molding.

[0052] The guide hole refers to a through hole structure disposed at the central position of the bottom portion of the limit frame 500, configured to mount the guide sliding sleeve and define an axis position of the drive rod.

[0053] The guide sliding sleeve refers to a sleeve-type component installed in the guide hole of the limit frame 500, configured to provide sliding guidance and radial support for the drive rod.

[0054] In some embodiments, the limit frame 500 is fixedly disposed at the central position of the bottom surface the cover plate 200, remaining relatively stationary with respect to the cover plate 200. The guide hole is located at the central position of the bottom portion of the limit frame 500 and aligned with a central axis of the cover plate 200. The drive rod extends from top to bottom through the cover plate 200, the limit frame 500, and the guide hole of the limit frame 500, performing axial reciprocating motion within the guide sliding sleeve. The limit frame 500 itself functions to limit and support the drive rod.

[0055] By disposing the limit frame 500 on the central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200, stability of reciprocating motion of the drive rod can be significantly improved, a risk of eccentric load and wear can be reduced, and a possibility of unsynchronized action or jamming of the force arm mechanism 320 can be decreased. This enhances overall reliability, durability, and construction safety of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage, particularly suitable for steel pipe pile 600 construction environments under high load and strong vibration conditions.

[0056] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag further includes the internal locking mechanism 300.

[0057] The internal locking mechanism 300 refers to a mechanism disposed inside the housing, configured to mechanically clamp the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600 against the cover plate 200. Exemplary internal locking mechanisms 300 includes a hydraulic-driven multi-arm clamping mechanism, a mechanical lever-type force arm mechanism, a rack-and-pinion type deployment mechanism, or the like.

[0058] In some embodiments, the internal locking mechanism 300 includes a driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and a plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber 120 of the housing 100, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends downward through the cover plate 200. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is configured to synchronously drive the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 to spread outward and upward, causing the force arm mechanisms 320 to abut against a bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on an inner wall of an upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, such that the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0059] The device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure employs the housing 100 to sleeve onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, and the cover plate 200 and the internal locking mechanism 300 are designed inside the housing 100. The internal locking mechanism 300 is configured to cause the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 to be clamped between the cover plate 200 and the internal locking mechanism 300. Compared with the anti-slippage devices in the existing technologies that are fixed to the side wall of the steel pipe pile by friction, the upper-and-lower clamping fixation manner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure eliminates the risk of detachment from the pile. In addition, the internal locking mechanism 300 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure uses only one driving hydraulic cylinder 310 to achieve synchronous driving of the plurality of force arm mechanisms 32, resulting in simple structure, low cost, and high stability.

[0060] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 refers to a linear actuator serving as a power source of the internal locking mechanism 300. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is configured to push the drive rod to actuate the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320.

[0061] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 includes a cylinder body, a piston, the drive rod (also referred to as a piston rod), end covers, hydraulic ports, and a mounting flange. The cylinder body is fixed in the intermediate chamber 120 through a support. The piston rod extends downward through the cover plate 200 to connect to the mounting plate 330.

[0062] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is configured to provide axial power, causing the mounting plate 330 or a linkage mechanism to undergo mechanical transformation and drive the force arm mechanisms 320 to expand or retract.

[0063] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is fixed in the intermediate chamber 120. The drive rod extends downward through the cover plate 200 and connects to the mounting plate 330 or the linkage mechanism. The mounting plate 330 and the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 form a mechanical amplification mechanism through hinge pins and connecting rods 321.

[0064] A force arm mechanism 320 is an annular or distributed clamping mechanism. In some embodiments, a plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 are provided, each composed of several identical or similar force arm units. Each force arm mechanism 320 is linked to the mounting plate 330 or a driving member through a hinge or a linkage.

[0065] The force arm mechanism 320 includes a hinged main arm, the connecting rod 321, a clamping block 323 or a clamping head, and a return spring. The force arm mechanism 320 is connected to the mounting plate 330 or a base through hinges. An outer end of the force arm mechanism 320 is provided with the clamping block 323 to contact the bottom surface of the inner flange ring. A cross-section of the force arm mechanism 320 needs to meet bending moment bearing requirements.

[0066] The force arm mechanism 320 is configured to convert a driving force into radial and upward supporting forces at a plurality of points, pressing against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600 to achieve clamping. The force arm mechanism 320 rotates about its hinge in response to movement of the mounting plate 330, causing radial displacement at its outer end and transmitting the clamping force at the clamping block 323.

[0067] In some embodiments, the mounting plate 330 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. Each force arm mechanism 320 includes a connecting rod 321 and a movable bent arm 322. A top end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged on the bottom surface of the cover plate 200. A bottom end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged at a middle portion of the movable bent arm 322. An inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is hinged on the mounting plate 330. A clamping block 323 is provided at an outer end of the movable bent arm 322. When the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 retracts, the movable bent arm 322 is driven to expand outward, causing the clamping block 323 at the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 to press against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0068] The mounting plate 330 refers to a disk-shaped member fixedly provided at the bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and used as a hinge or connection base for inner ends of the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320.

[0069] In some embodiments, the mounting plate 330 is a thick plate or flange structure. A periphery or an upper surface of the mounting plate 330 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced hinge mounting holes or hinge seats (for hinging the inner end of the movable bent arm 322). A center of the mounting plate 330 is fixedly connected to the drive rod or rigidly connected through threads or pins. The mounting plate 330 may be provided with positioning pins, anti-rotation grooves, and reinforcing ribs to improve strength and ensure positional consistency of the force arms.

[0070] The connecting rod 321 refers to a rod member serving as a link between a hinge point on the bottom surface of the cover plate 200 and a hinge point at a middle portion of the movable bent arm 322, such as a solid short rod connector, an adjustable-length linkage with a spherical hinge, a hinged linkage with needle roller bushings, or the like.

[0071] In some embodiments, the connecting rod 321 is a short straight rod. Two ends of the connecting rod 321 are provided with hinge eyes or spherical hinge heads. A material of the connecting rod 321 is alloy steel or stainless steel. The hinge heads may be matched with bushings, hinge pins, and lock nuts. A length of the connecting rod 321 and a position of a middle hinge point cooperate with the movable bent arm 322 to achieve a desired mechanical transformation ratio.

[0072] The movable bent arm 322 refers to a curved or bent lever hinged to the mounting plate 330 and linked to the cover plate 200 through the connecting rod 321, with the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 provided with the clamping block 323 to press against the inner flange ring 610. For example, the movable bent arm 322 may include an L-shaped bent arm, a crank-type bent arm, a bent plate arm with reinforcing ribs, or the like.

[0073] In some embodiments, the movable bent arm 322 is made from thick steel plate by bending or is a forging. The inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is provided with a hinge lug for hinging to the mounting plate. A middle portion of the movable bent arm 322 is provided with a bottom-end hinge for hinging with the connecting rod 321. The outer end of the movable bent arm 322 is provided with a mounting seat for the clamping block 323. Reinforcing ribs or thickened sections are provided to improve load-bearing capacity.

[0074] The clamping block 323 refers to a contact element fixedly or replaceably installed at the outer end of the movable bent arm 322. The clamping block 323 directly contacts the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600 to transmit the clamping force.

[0075] In some embodiments, the clamping block 323 is composed of a metal core and an elastic outer sleeve. A shape of the clamping block 323 is flat or concave to match the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610. The clamping block 323 may be provided with fixing screw holes for replacement. A surface of the clamping block 323 may be provided with anti-slip patterns or soft pads to increase friction and prevent damage to the surface of the inner flange ring.

[0076] In some embodiments, the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 retracts upward along an axis of the housing 100, driving the mounting plate 330 fixed at the bottom end of the drive rod to move upward along the axis. The inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is hinged to an inner end of the mounting plate 330. The upward movement of the mounting plate 330 causes the movable bent arm 322 to pivot outward about its inner-end hinge point through the hinge connection. Simultaneously, the top end of the connecting rod 321 is fixed to a hinge point on the bottom surface of the cover plate 200. The bottom end of the connecting rod 321 cooperates with a hinge point at the middle portion of the movable bent arm 322 to change an included angle between the connecting rod 321 and the movable bent arm 322, thereby ensuring that the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 undergoes a combined outward and upward displacement, so that the clamping block 323 fits against and tightly press the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, thereby completing clamping. During resetting, the drive rod extends or hydraulic pressure is released, the mounting plate 330 resets accordingly, the movable bent arm 322 retracts, and the clamping block 323 disengages from the flange surface.

[0077] In some embodiments, a material (e.g., rubber, polyurethane, nylon, metal, etc.) of the clamping block 323 may be selected according to on-site working conditions. The clamping block 323 may be designed to be height-adjustable or of a self-adaptive spherical contact type. A force sensor may be built into the clamping block 323 to monitor the clamping force. Any structure of the clamping block 323 used for contact and force transmission, capable of protecting the flange and being replaceable or adjustable, is encompassed by the present disclosure.

[0078] In some embodiments, hinges may employ different types of bearings (needle roller, plain, spherical) to adapt to different rotational speeds and loads. The hinge design may include lubrication channels, sealing rings 111, and quick-change bushings. Any equivalent hinged structure capable of achieving a reliable rotatable connection is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0079] In some embodiments, the linkage-bent arm hinge mechanism may employ different power sources (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, electric lead screw). Hinge layout and lengths of rod members may be designed in different combinations (e.g., 4 groups, 6 groups, 8 groups) according to flange dimensions and clamping force requirements. The shape and material of the clamping block 323 may be replaced based on the condition of the flange surface. A locking mechanism (a mechanical latch or a hydraulic lock) may be added to the structure to ensure prolonged clamping. Displacement / force sensors may also be integrated for feedback control and safety monitoring. All equivalent modifications and alternative solutions implemented without departing from the basic principles of the present disclosure are included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0080] In some embodiments, the count of the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 is six groups. The six groups of force arm mechanisms 320 are mounted on the mounting plate 330 at equal circumferential intervals.

[0081] In some embodiments, the six groups of the force arm mechanisms 320 are connected through hinge points uniformly distributed around a periphery of the mounting plate 330 to form an annular force arm array. Driven by the axial motion of the mounting plate 330, each force arm rotates and expands outward about its hinge. This causes the clamping block 323 at its outer end to generate radial and upward component forces, pressing against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 6 to achieve multi-point clamping. The equally spaced arrangement ensures uniform distribution of the clamping force and reduces local stress concentration.

[0082] In some embodiments, the count of the force arm mechanisms 320 may also include 4, 5, 7, 8, etc., and near-equal spacing may be used to adapt to special flange shapes. Hinging manners (pins, needle rollers, spherical heads) and geometric dimensions of the force arms may be replaced according to load, material, and on-site conditions. All equivalent structures capable of achieving the function of uniform multi-point clamping are within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0083] Limiting the count of the force arm mechanisms 320 to six groups and arranging the six groups at equal circumferential intervals is beneficial for achieving uniform force distribution, stable clamping, and facilitating design verification and manufacturing. Compared with single-point or non-uniform arrangements, the six-group arrangement can significantly reduce single-point stress concentration, improve clamping reliability and safety margin, thereby enhancing anti-slippage capability and on-site construction stability.

[0084] By providing the mounting plate 330 at the bottom end of the drive rod and employing a linkage-type mechanism, the axial displacement of the drive rod is efficiently converted into multi-point radial and upward clamping motion. The conversion achieves mechanical multiplication and synchronization of the clamping action, ensuring that the plurality of force arm mechanisms simultaneously and uniformly press against the inner flange ring 610, dispersing contact pressure and reducing local damage. The hinged linkage structure provides reliable action, simple mechanism, and ease of manufacturing and maintenance. The mounting plate 330 centralizes force application, facilitating force transmission and alignment, which improves clamping stability. The structure enhances the reliability, response speed, and construction safety of the anti-slippage clamping function, and facilitates on-site installation, maintenance, and adjustment.

[0085] The mounting plate 330 is fixedly or hingedly connected to the connecting rod 321. The connecting rod 321 is hinged to the main arm. The clamping block 323 at the outer end of the main arm contacts the inner flange ring 610. The axial displacement of the mounting plate 330 is converted into a deployment angle of the force arm through the linkage. As the force arm deploys, it moves radially and generates an upward component of force

[0086] In some embodiments, one or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate 200 and one or more second through holes are formed in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120. Each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate 200 is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel 700.

[0087] A self-adaptive closing valve is disposed in the water-permeable channel 700, the self-adaptive closing valve 800 is configured to adaptively control an open state and a closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 based on a sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0088] In some embodiments, the self-adaptive closing valve 800 may automatically switch the water-permeable channel 700 between the open state and the closed state without external power or a complex control system. The self-adaptive closing valve 800 utilizes physical mechanical feedback based on a change in water flow velocity caused by a sinking speed of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0089] The device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has a simple structure and does not require complex detection and control systems. By designing the water-permeable channel 700 communicating with the exterior of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage and providing the self-adaptive closing valve 800 in the water-permeable channel 700, the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 can be adaptively controlled based on the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0090] In some embodiments, five to eight water-permeable channels 700 are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and a self-adaptive closing valve 800 is respectively provided in each water-permeable channel 700.

[0091] A water-permeable channel 700 refers to a channel composed of a through hole in the cover plate 200, a through hole in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120, and a connecting pipeline for conducting water flow between the interior and the exterior of the device for for steel pipe pile anti-slippage. For example, an array of six water-permeable channels 700 composed of radially distributed through holes and connecting pipelines may be provided.

[0092] In some embodiments, the count of water-permeable channels 700 is preferably between five and eight and uniformly distributed circumferentially around the periphery of the cover plate 200. A flow capacity is determined collectively by a total cross-sectional area (i.e., a sum of the cross-sectional areas of all water-permeable channels 700) and the count of water-permeable channels 700. A self-adaptive closing valve 800 is installed in each water-permeable channel 700. When the steel pipe pile 600 sinks or water pressure changes, each self-adaptive closing valve 800 may automatically adjust the opening or closing of the water-permeable channel 700 according to a local pressure difference or the sinking speed of the steel pipe pile 600, achieving multi-point parallel water flow regulation and thereby controlling the sinking speed and balancing water pressure.

[0093] The water-permeable channels 700 are arranged at equal intervals around the periphery of the cover plate 2 and communicate with the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via connecting pipes. Each water-permeable channel 700 is independently installed with a self-adaptive closing valve 800. The self-adaptive closing valve 800 is fixedly connected to a through hole seat through a support base. A valve plug performs axial displacement within a valve body to change the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700. Each water-permeable channel 700 operates independently. The overall symmetrical layout helps mitigate the impact of a single channel blockage or failure on the system.

[0094] The self-adaptive closing valve 800 refers to a valve installed in the water-permeable channel 700 and capable of automatically changing the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 based on the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600 or a water pressure difference. Exemplary self-adaptive closing valves 800 include a conical valve plug 820 valve with spring return, a float-type shut-off valve, a pressure difference control valve, or the like.

[0095] The self-adaptive closing valve 800 includes a valve wall 810, and a conical valve plug 820, a return spring 830, and a support plate 840 that are installed inside the valve wall 810. A front end of the valve wall 810 is a conical wall 811 with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall 810 is a cylindrical wall 812. The support plate 840 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall 812 of the valve wall 810, and the conical valve plug 820 is mounted on the support plate 840 via the return spring 830. When the return spring 830 is in a natural state, the conical valve plug 820 is separated from the opening of the conical wall 811.

[0096] The conical valve plug 820 cooperates with the conical wall 811. The conical valve plug 820 includes a guide journal and is pressed toward the support plate 840 via the return spring 830.

[0097] A conical orientation of the conical valve plug 820 (i.e., a direction in which the cone of the conical valve plug 820 is oriented) includes from an inner side of the water-permeable channel 700 to an outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the water-permeable channel 700 (e.g., along an axis of the water-permeable channel 700).

[0098] The conical valve plug 820 is a valve component cooperating with the conical valve wall 810.

[0099] A conical surface of the conical valve plug 820 is oriented “from the inner side of the water-permeable channel 700 to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700″ along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700. That is to say, a narrow end of the conical valve plug 820 points toward the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700.

[0100] In some embodiments, the conical valve plug 820 is guided by the support plate 840 and is preloaded by the return spring 830. Under the impact of fluid or a pressure difference, the conical valve plug 820 moves along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700 from the inner side to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 and enters the opening of the conical wall 811 to achieve sealing. A return stroke of the conical valve plug 820 is completed by the return spring 830. Cooperation between the conical valve plug 820 and the conical wall 811 ensures a progressively tightening contact surface at a sealing position to improve sealing reliability.

[0101] The conical orientation of the conical valve plug 820 from the inner side to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700 improves closing reliability of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 under high flow velocity or impact load and forms a gradually sealing contact surface, reducing the risk of rebound oscillation and leakage of the conical valve plug 820. Therefore, the conical valve plug 820 improves stability of automatic control of the water-permeable channel 700 and ensures controllability and safety of the sinking process.

[0102] The return spring 830 is a helical compression spring, with limit rings or mounting sleeves provided at its ends.

[0103] The support plate 840 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall 812 of the valve wall 810. The support plate 840 provides an installation and guiding structure for the conical valve plug 820 and the reurn spring 83. The support plate 840 may be a flat plate or a structure with a guide cylinder, and is provided with a mounting hole and a limit device.

[0104] The valve wall 810 is fixed on a through-hole seat. The support plate 840 is fixed to a cylindrical portion of the valve wall 810. The conical valve plug 820 is axially sleeved on the guiding structure on the support plate 840 and is pressed toward the support plate 840 by the return spring 830. When fluid impact or the pressure difference increases, the conical valve plug 820 moves axially forward to insert into the opening of the conical wall 811 or retracts from the opening of the conical wall811 to achieve opening and closing actions.

[0105] In some embodiments, the water-permeable channels 7 may be arranged in a single row or a plurality of rows, at equal intervals or near-equal intervals to adapt to an actual size of the housing 100. Types of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 may include a conical valve, a ball valve, a float valve, a pressure difference valve, or the like. A trigger mechanism of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 may be based on pressure difference, velocity, or mechanical contact. Any equivalent solution that achieves distributed water permeability and is equipped with an adaptive closing mechanism falls within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0106] Limiting the count of water-permeable channels 700 to between five and eight, arranging the water-permeable channels 700 uniformly circumferentially, and providing a self-adaptive closing valve 800 in each water-permeable channel 700 can achieve multi-point redundancy and balanced water flow control while ensuring a required flow rate. The arrangement reduces the risk of sinking loss of control caused by blockage of a single channel or excessive flow. The arrangement improves water pressure distribution, enhances sinking control accuracy, and thereby improves construction safety and equipment stability.

[0107] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag further includes the shock-absorbing airbag device 900.

[0108] The shock-absorbing airbag 930 refers to a compressible gas-filled cavity. The shock-absorbing airbag 930, Under the combined action of a buoyancy effect of water inside the steel pipe pile 600 and a blocking effect of the baffle plate 920, an upper surface of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 floats up to and conforms to a bottom surface of the baffle plate 920. For example, a disc-shaped inflatable airbag floats upward in water and closely adheres to the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920.

[0109] The shock-absorbing airbag device 900 is disposed at a bottom of the cover plate 200, and includes the mounting frame 910, the baffle plate 920, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930. The mounting frame 910 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 200; the baffle plate 920 is disposed on the mounting frame 910 and located below the internal locking mechanism 300; and the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is installed inside the mounting frame 910 below the baffle plate 920.

[0110] It may be understood that the shock-absorbing airbag device 900 is installed below the baffle plate 920, and a rigid connection between the shock-absorbing airbag 930 and the mounting frame 910 is not required. The purpose of the arrangement is to utilize the buoyancy effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 to push the shock-absorbing airbag 930 toward the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920, so that the shock-absorbing airbag 930 can be at an optimal buffering position between the baffle plate 920 and a water surface at the instant of vibratory hammer impact. The mounting frame 910 provides an external confinement space, while buoyancy determines an internal real-time position of the shock-absorbing airbag 930.

[0111] In some embodiments, under an action of the buoyancy effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 and the blocking effect of the baffle plate 920, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 floats against the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920.

[0112] In some embodiments, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is disposed inside the mounting frame 910 and located below the baffle plate 920. Under normal water level conditions, the upper surface of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 contacts the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920 under buoyancy and maintains its position. During hammering or when pressure increases, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is compressed, a volume of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 decreases, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930 deforms toward the mounting frame 910. After unloading, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 returns to an original position under an action of water buoyancy and internal gas pressure. The baffle plate 920 forms a mechanical limit for an upward floating position of the shock-absorbing airbag 930, preventing the shock-absorbing airbag 930 from over-travel.

[0113] The shock-absorbing airbag 930 utilizes water buoyancy to automatically position at the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920, forming a passive self-adaptive buffering unit. The design allows the shock-absorbing airbag 930 to automatically move into a buffering position and effectively absorb vibration and impact energy to reduce the impact of water pressure fluctuation on the housing 100 and the steel pipe pile 600, thereby improving vibratory sinking efficiency, reducing equipment wear, and improving construction safety and reliability.

[0114] In the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, specific structural forms, materials, dimensions, and connection manners of various components are not limited to those shown in the embodiments. In some embodiments, structural components such as the housing 100, the mounting plate 330, the force arm mechanism 320, and the baffle plate 920 may be manufactured from carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy, or composite materials, and may be implemented by welding, bolt connection, or integral molding. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 may be equivalently replaced by a pneumatic cylinder, an electric screw rod, or other actuating mechanisms capable of achieving axial drive. The count, hinged form, length ratio of the force arm mechanism 320, and the structure of the clamping block 323 may be adjusted according to flange dimensions and clamping force requirements of the steel pipe pile 600. The count, aperture, and distribution form of the water-permeable channels 7, as well as the structural type and trigger manner of the self-adaptive closing valve 800, may be equivalently varied according to construction environment and hydrodynamic conditions. The count, shape, material, and inflation pressure of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 may be adjusted according to impact energy and water level conditions. The shock-absorbing airbag 930 may also be replaced by other structures with elastic buffering functions. Any equivalent replacement, modification, or combination of the above structures made without departing from the overall concept and technical effects of the present disclosure shall be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0115] The present disclosure achieves passive adaptive control of the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600 during the vibratory sinking process by organically combining a mechanical clamping mechanism, an adaptive hydraulic control structure, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930 structure. The plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 form a stable and reliable clamping and positioning for the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600, ensuring relative stability between the device and the steel pipe pile 600 during the vibratory sinking process. During normal vibratory sinking, the water-permeable channels 7 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800 allow water to be slowly discharged. When a slippage trend occurs, the water-permeable channels 7 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800 can quickly close to increase water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600, thereby effectively suppressing slippage. Under the action of water buoyancy and the positional limit of the baffle plate 920, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 automatically assumes its working position, enabling the shock-absorbing airbag 930 to absorb energy and reduce hindrance of water to sinking of the steel pipe pile 600 during vibratory hammer impact. The synergistic effect of the above structures enables the device to significantly reduce the risk of slippage without requiring complex active control. The device improves safety, stability, and controllability of vibratory sinking construction, while also considering construction efficiency, equipment durability, and on-site maintenance convenience, demonstrating significant value for engineering applications.

[0116] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process of a method for using a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes steps 1 to 4, which are executed by a control system (e.g., a processor).

[0117] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage is provided with one or more sensors (e.g., a displacement sensor). The one or more sensors are connected to the control system.

[0118] Related descriptions of components of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage involved in steps 1 to 4 may be found in the corresponding content above.

[0119] Step 1: sleeving the lower outer sleeve110 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, and controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to retract, such that the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0120] In some embodiments, the lower outer sleeve 110 of the housing 100 is lowered axially downward and fitted over an outer periphery of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. The internal locking mechanism 300 causes the clamping block 323 of the force arm mechanisms 320 and the cover plate 200 to jointly clamp the inner flange ring 610 of the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. The control system receives position information of the lower outer sleeve 110 collected by the displacement sensor, and analyzes a deviation between the position information and a preset position. In response to a determination that the deviation is less than an error threshold, the control system confirms that the lower outer sleeve 110 is sleeved in place.

[0121] Step 2: mounting a vibratory hammer device on the upper cylinder body 130 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, and filling the steel pipe pile 600 with water through the water-permeable channels 700 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800.

[0122] The vibratory hammer device refers to a power device used to apply periodic impacts or vibrations to the steel pipe pile 600 to promote sinking of the steel pipe pile 600. Exemplary vibratory hammer devices may include a hydraulic vibratory hammer, a drop hammer type vibratory hammer, an electric eccentric vibrator, or the like.

[0123] In some embodiments, the control system confirms that the vibratory hammer device is installed in place by aligning bolt holes of a flange plate of the upper cylinder body 130 and a base of the vibratory hammer device and fastening with bolts. The control system may also confirm that the vibratory hammer device is in place through alignment pins in installation holes and position proximity switches.

[0124] In some embodiments, the vibratory hammer device is assembled and fixed to an upper end of the upper cylinder body 130. The control system starts a water injection pump, which supplies water to the water-permeable channels 700 via the connecting pipelines. The control system monitors a liquid level gauge and adjusts a pump speed based on readings of the liquid level gauge until a predetermined water level is reached inside the steel pipe pile 600. During the water injection process, the control system may keep the self-adaptive closing valves 800 in the open state to ensure channel patency and uniform water injection.

[0125] Step 3: starting the vibratory hammer device to cause the steel pipe pile 600 to vibrate and sink. During sinking of the steel pipe pile 600 at a normal speed, the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. With each hammering action of the vibratory hammer device, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 inside the steel pipe pile 600 is compressed under pressure, to reduce a hindering effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 on the sinking of the steel pipe pile 600. When the steel pipe pile 600 slips, a water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 suddenly increases, and a speed of discharged water flow greatly increases. Under an action of the continuously and rapidly discharged water flow, the conical valve plug 820 is pushed to overcome a resistance of the return spring 830 to close the opening of the conical wall 811, thereby closing the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700, such that the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases to stop the slipping of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0126] The steel pipe pile 600 sinking at the normal speed refers to a state where the steel pipe pile 600 sinks at an expected rate under an action of a set vibratory hammer frequency and energy, which may be measured by the displacement sensor.

[0127] Pile slippage refers to an abnormal, rapid, or uncontrolled sinking of the steel pipe pile 600, which may be determined by a sudden change in instantaneous displacement velocity, accelerometer readings, or a sudden increase in discharge flow rate.

[0128] In some embodiments, the control system starts the vibratory hammer device. The vibratory hammer device acts on the steel pipe pile 600 with a set frequency and energy to cause the steel pipe pile 600 to sink axially through vibration. During the vibratory sinking process, the control system monitors a sinking speed of the steel pipe pile 600 and a discharge rate of the water-permeable channels 700 via displacement sensors and liquid level / flow meters. In response to a determination that the sinking speed is within a normal range, the self-adaptive closing valves 800 remain open, allowing water to be discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. Meanwhile, each hammering of the vibratory hammer device causes the shock-absorbing airbag 930 to be compressed and absorb impact energy. In response to detecting a slippage characteristic (e.g., an instantaneous sinking speed of a pile top exceeds a set threshold, or an increase in discharge flow rate exceeds a preset increase rate threshold), the control system, or the fluid action directly, pushes the conical valve plug 820 to overcome the resistance of the return spring 830 and move into a closed position, thereby closing the self-adaptive closing valve 800 and the water-permeable channel 700, which in turn causes water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 to rise and generates a resistance force against the slippage.

[0129] Step 4: after the steel pipe pile 600 is vibrated and sunk to a specified depth position, controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to extend, to drive the force arm mechanisms 320 to retract, and lifting the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag and the vibratory hammer device together via a pulling rope.

[0130] The specified depth position refers to a position that may be determined by a preset sinking target value, a depth sounder, or ta displacement sensor at the pile top.

[0131] In some embodiments, in response to a determination by the control system via the displacement sensor that the steel pipe pile 600 has reached the specified depth position, the control system issues an instruction to extend the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. A hydraulic system drives the drive rod to extend, causing the mounting plate 330 and the force arm mechanisms 320 to reset under hydraulic driving, which reattracts the force arms and disengages the clamping block 323 from the inner flange ring 610. The housing and the vibratory hammer device are connected via the pulling rope using a lifting device, and the housing and the vibratory hammer device are hoisted and lifted together away from a pile port.

[0132] In the present embodiment, the execution of the above steps may be completed manually by an on-site operator, or may be performed automatically by an integrated Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or the control system. Key determination parameters (e.g., the clamping force, the liquid level, the sinking speed, the discharge flow rate, and the valve displacement) may be obtained using various sensors (e.g., a force sensor, a liquid level gauge, a flow meter, a pressure difference gauge, the displacement sensor, or an acceleration sensor). Visual inspection, contact switches, or time—empirical value determination may also be used as alternatives.

[0133] The valve triggering mechanism, the airbag configuration, the count of force arm mechanisms, the count of water-permeable channels, and parameters may be adjusted beyond the preferred ranges shown in the present disclosure to adapt to different pile diameters, soil conditions, and operating environments. Under extreme or special working conditions, bypass systems, manual overrides, or redundant controls may be adopted to ensure construction safety. Any equivalent substitutions and combination made to the above steps, the device, or the determination manners without departing from the technical essence and expected technical effects of the present disclosure shall be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0134] By organically combining mechanical clamping, fluid self-adaptive closing valves, and airbag buffering, and implementing them with clear operational steps and determination means, the present disclosure not only facilitates on-site installation and maintenance but also achieves smooth control and automatic anti-slippage protection for the vibratory sinking process of the steel pipe pile 600 without requiring complex remote control. Therefore, the present disclosure can significantly improve the safety, controllability, and efficiency of vibratory sinking construction and reduce the risk of rework and equipment damage caused by pile slippage.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes a housing 100, and a cover plate 200, an internal locking mechanism 300, and a shock-absorbing airbag device 900 disposed in the housing 100.

[0136] The housing 100 includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve 110, an intermediate chamber 120, and an upper cylinder body 130.

[0137] The lower outer sleeve 110 is configured to be sleeved onto a steel pipe pile 600 to be constructed. The cover plate 200 is disposed inside the housing 100 and located at the top of the lower outer sleeve 110 to seal the top of the lower outer sleeve 110. A seal ring 111 made of rubber is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve 110 to increase a sealing effect between the lower outer sleeve 110 and the steel pipe pile 600, so that a sealed space effect is formed inside the steel pipe pile 600. The intermediate chamber 120 is located above the cover plate 200. The intermediate chamber 120 is configured to install a driving hydraulic cylinder of the internal locking mechanism 300. The upper cylinder body 130 is located above the intermediate chamber 120. During operation, an upper port of the upper cylinder body 130 is configured to install a vibratory hammer device (in the existing technologies, the vibratory hammer device is installed at an upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 to directly apply a vibratory sinking force to the steel pipe pile 600), so that the vibratory sinking force generated by the vibratory hammer device may be transmitted to the steel pipe pile 600 through the housing 100.

[0138] The internal locking mechanism 300 is configured to lock the housing 100 onto the steel pipe pile 600 and fix the cover plate 200 in the housing 100 to cover the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0139] The internal locking mechanism 300 includes a driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and six force arm mechanisms 320 driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber 120 of the housing 100, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends downward through the cover plate 200.

[0140] A bushing 400 for mounting the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is disposed at the central position of the cover plate 200, and the drive rod extends through and is mounted in the bushing 400.

[0141] A mounting plate 330 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The six force arm mechanisms 320 are installed on the mounting plate 330 at equal circumferential intervals. Actuation of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 may synchronously drive the six force arm mechanisms 320 to expand outward and upward, so that the six force arm mechanisms abut against a bottom surface of an inner flange ring610 on an inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. Therefore, the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0142] Each force arm mechanism 320 includes a connecting rod 321 and a movable bent arm 322. A top end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged to a bottom surface of the cover plate 200. A bottom end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged to a middle portion of the movable bent arm 322. An inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is hinged to the mounting plate 330, and a clamping block 323 is disposed at an outer end of the movable bent arm 322. When the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 retracts, the movable bent arm 322 is driven to spread outward, causing the clamping block 323 at the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 to abut against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 (refer to FIG. 3).

[0143] In some embodiments, a limit frame 500 is further disposed on at a central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200. The limit frame 500 has two functions. First, a guide hole is formed at a central position of a bottom portion of the limit frame 500. A guide sliding sleeve is installed in the guide hole, and the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends through and is mounted in the guide sliding sleeve, thereby providing a stable guiding function for the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. Second, the limit frame 500 restricts a movement range of the mounting plate 330.

[0144] In some embodiments, a hatch 140 is disposed at a top of the intermediate chamber 120 to facilitate access for personnel to perform maintenance on the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 inside the intermediate chamber 120.

[0145] A cable port 150 is further opened on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 for routing out a cable of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310.

[0146] One or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate 200 and one or more second through holes are formed in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120. Each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate 200 is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel 700. In some embodiments, a plurality of water-permeable channels 7, preferably five to eight, are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the cover plate 200. A self-adaptive closing valve 800 is respectively disposed in each water-permeable channel 700.

[0147] The self-adaptive closing valve 800 is capable of adaptively controlling the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 based on the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600. As shown in the schematic diagram illustrating the natural state of the self-adaptive closing valve in FIG. 4, the self-adaptive closing valve 800 includes a valve wall 810, and a conical valve plug 820, a return spring 830, and a support plate 840 installed inside the valve wall 810. A front end of the valve wall 810 is a conical wall 811 with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall 810 is a cylindrical wall 812. The support plate 840 is a rectangular plate fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall 812 of the valve wall 810. The conical valve plug 820 is installed on the support plate 840 through the return spring 830. In the natural state of the return spring 830, the conical valve plug 820 is separated from the opening of the conical wall 811. In this state, water flow can pass through the self-adaptive closing valve 800 and the water-permeable channel 700.

[0148] In some embodiments, a conical orientation of the conical valve plug 820 is from the inner side to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the water-permeable channel 700.

[0149] The working principle of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 is as follows. After the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage is installed, during a vibratory sinking process of the steel pipe pile 600, water inside the steel pipe pile 600 is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700 when the steel pipe pile 600 sinks at a normal speed. When the steel pipe pile 600 slips, water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 suddenly increases, and the speed of the discharge water flow greatly increases. Under the action of the continuous and rapid discharge water flow, the conical valve plug 820 is pushed to overcome the resistance of the return spring 830 to close the opening of the conical wall 811 (as shown in the state in FIG. 5), thereby effectively closing the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. Therefore, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases, which in turn increases the resistance at the pile top, thereby effectively arresting pile slippage.

[0150] The shock-absorbing airbag device 900 is disposed at the bottom of the cover plate 200. The shock-absorbing airbag device 900 includes a mounting frame 910, a baffle plate 920, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930. The mounting frame 910 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 200. The baffle plate 920 is disposed on the mounting frame 910 and located below the internal locking mechanism 300 to avoid obstructing the movement of the internal locking mechanism 300. The shock-absorbing airbag 930 is installed inside the mounting frame 910 below the baffle plate 920.

[0151] During use, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 floats against the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920 under the action of buoyancy of water in the steel pipe pile 600 and a blocking effect of the baffle plate 920. During a normal vibratory sinking process of the steel pipe pile 600, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases correspondingly with each impact of the vibratory hammer device. Consequently, each hammer of the vibratory hammer device causes the shock-absorbing airbag 930 inside the steel pipe pile 600 to compress to a certain extent under the water pressure (i.e., the volume of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is compressed and reduced). Since the volume of the shock-absorbing airbag is compressed, a certain amount of space is vacated inside the steel pipe pile 600. This space is filled with water, thereby reducing the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600, i.e., reducing the hindering effect of water inside the steel pipe pile on the sinking of the steel pipe pile. Therefore, the steel pipe pile sinks more easily under the impact of the vibratory hammer device, thereby ensuring hammer efficiency.

[0152] In some embodiments, a method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes the following steps 1 to 4.

[0153] Step 1: sleeving the lower outer sleeve 110 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, and controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to retract to drive the six force arm mechanisms 320 to expand outward and upward, so that the six force arm mechanisms abut against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. Consequently, the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0154] Step 2: mounting a vibratory hammer device on the upper cylinder body 130 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, and filling the steel pipe pile 600 with water through the water-permeable channels 700 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800.

[0155] Step 3: starting the vibratory hammer device to cause the steel pipe pile 600 to vibrate and sink. During the sinking of the steel pipe pile 600 at a normal speed, the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. With each hammering action of the vibratory hammer device, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 inside the steel pipe pile 600 is compressed under pressure. The compression reduces the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600, which in turn reduces the hindering effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 on the sinking of the steel pipe pile 600, thereby ensuring hammer efficiency. When the steel pipe pile 600 slips, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 suddenly increases, and the speed of discharged water flow greatly increases. Under the action of the continuously and rapidly discharged water flow, the conical valve plug 820 is pushed to overcome the resistance of the return spring 830 to close the opening of the conical wall 811, thereby effectively closing the self-adaptive closing valve 800 and the water-permeable channel 700. Consequently, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases, which in turn increases the resistance at the pile top, effectively arresting the pile slippage.

[0156] Step 4: after the steel pipe pile 600 is vibrated and sunk to a specified depth position, controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to extend, to drive the force arm mechanisms 320 to retract, and lifting the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag and the vibratory hammer device together via a pulling rope to achieve recycling and reuse.

[0157] The above provides an exemplary description of some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, without departing from the core of some embodiments of the present disclosure, any simple modification, alteration, or other equivalent replacement that may be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts falls within the protection scope of some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0019]The following further describes in detail some embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020]Some embodiments of the present disclosure provides a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag. The device includes a housing 100, and a cover plate 200, an internal locking mechanism 300, and a shock-absorbing airbag device 900 disposed inside the housing 100.

[0021]The housing 100 refers to an overall shell structure configured to enclose and fix internal functional components, such as a segmented steel plate welded housing, an integrally formed cast steel housing, a sleeve-type combined housing, or the like.

[0022]In some embodiments, the housing 100 includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sle...

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a Continuation of International Application No. PCT / CN2023 / 135797, filed on Dec. 1, 2023, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310917946.3, filed on Jul. 25, 2023, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to a field of pile foundation construction in marine engineering, and in particular to a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag and a method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag.BACKGROUND

[0003] The construction of pile foundations is essential for marine resource exploitation and development equipment, ranging from port wharves, bridges, and offshore wind farms in shallow water areas to offshore jacket platforms in deep water areas. Steel pipe piles are widely used in marine structural pile foundation construction due to their ability to withstand the intermittent impact force of pile hammers, high bearing capacity, design flexibility, and ease of adjustment by lengthening or cutting the pile length. Regarding the drivability of steel piles, open-ended steel piles are easier to drive into the soil layer than closed-ended steel piles. The offshore pile driving process is susceptible to conditions such as wind resistance, water currents, and geotechnical properties, as well as environmental constraints, thereby increasing risk factors and making the difficulties more pronounced. Simultaneously, with the continuous improvement in global material and equipment manufacturing capabilities, the dimensions of steel piles have undergone significant changes, characterized by larger diameters, longer lengths, and greater penetration depths. Therefore, safety protection design for the pile driving scheme during the steel pile driving process is essential to ensure safe pile installation.

[0004] During the continuous driving process of large-diameter, ultra-long steel piles, a sudden phenomenon may occur where the steel pile suddenly sinks automatically to a certain depth during a hammer blow or in the interval between two blows. In construction, this state of automatic sinking of the steel pile is termed pile slippage. Pile slippage is a hazardous phenomenon in pile driving construction. Its occurrence affects pile driving efficiency. Excessive slippage speed may cause damage to the pile hammer and the steel pile, increase driving costs, and even render the pile foundation unusable, necessitating pile replacement or relocation of the driving area. Pile slippage may also lead to an inability to accurately evaluate the bearing capacity of the pile foundation after driving.

[0005] To address the pile slippage problem of large-diameter steel pipe piles, current existing technologies primarily involve adding a flow restrictor plate at a pile opening (e.g., the patent with publication number CN113863307A). By altering the water flow through permeable holes on the restrictor plate, a penetration speed during slippage is slowed. This method requires first detecting whether pile slippage has occurred and then actively controlling the water flow through the holes using an electronic control system. The detection and control system for this method is relatively complex, resulting in lower operational stability and effectiveness. Furthermore, its response speed in dealing with rapid pile slippage is insufficient, failing to fully meet anti-slippage requirements.

[0006] In addition, the fixing effectiveness of existing anti-slippage devices to the steel pipe pile needs improvement. Current anti-slippage devices are typically fixed to the sidewall of the steel pipe pile by means of friction. However, as water pressure inside the pile increases sharply during a slippage event, there is a risk of the anti-slippage device detaching from the steel pipe pile.SUMMARY

[0007] One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag, comprising: a housing; and a cover plate, an internal locking mechanism, and a shock-absorbing airbag device that are disposed inside the housing.

[0008] The housing includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve, an intermediate chamber, and an upper cylinder body. The lower outer sleeve is sleeved onto a steel pipe pile to be constructed. The cover plate is disposed inside the housing and located at a top of the lower outer sleeve, and a sealing ring is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve. The intermediate chamber is located above the cover plate. The upper cylinder body is located above the intermediate chamber. An upper port of the upper cylinder body is configured to mount a vibratory hammer device.

[0009] The internal locking mechanism includes a driving hydraulic cylinder and a plurality of force arm mechanisms driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder The driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber of the housing, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder extends downward through the cover plate. The driving hydraulic cylinder is configured to synchronously drive the plurality of force arm mechanisms to spread outward and upward, causing the force arm mechanisms to abut against a bottom surface of an inner flange ring on an inner wall of an upper port of the steel pipe pile, such that the inner flange ring on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile is clamped between the cover plate and the force arm mechanisms.

[0010] One or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate and one or more second through holes are formed in a side wall of the intermediate chamber. Each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel. A self-adaptive closing valve is disposed in the water-permeable channel, and the self-adaptive closing valve is configured to adaptively control an open state and a closed state of the water-permeable channel based on a sinking state of the steel pipe pile. The self-adaptive closing valve includes a valve wall, and a conical valve plug, a return spring, and a support plate that are installed inside the valve wall. A front end of the valve wall is a conical wall with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall is a cylindrical wall. The support plate is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall of the valve wall. The conical valve plug is mounted on the support plate via the return spring. When the return spring is in a natural state, the conical valve plug is separated from the opening of the conical wall.

[0011] The shock-absorbing airbag device is disposed at a bottom of the cover plate. The shock-absorbing airbag device includes a mounting frame, a baffle plate, and the shock-absorbing airbag; the mounting frame is connected to the bottom of the cover plate. The baffle plate is disposed on the mounting frame and located below the internal locking mechanism. The shock-absorbing airbag is installed inside the mounting frame below the baffle plate.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process of a method for using a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal locking mechanism of a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag in a locked state according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a self-adaptive closing valve in a natural state according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a self-adaptive closing valve in a closed state after being pushed by water flow according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] Reference numerals in the drawings: 100—housing, 110—lower outer sleeve, 111 sealing ring, 120—intermediate chamber, 130—upper cylinder body, 140—hatch, 150—cable port; 200—cover plate; 300—internal locking mechanism, 310—driving hydraulic cylinder, 320—force arm mechanism, 330—mounting plate, 321—connecting rod, 322—movable bent arm, 323—clamping block; 400—bushing; 500—limit frame; 600—steel pipe pile, 610—inner flange ring; 700—water-permeable channel; 800—self-adaptive closing valve, 810—valve wall, 811—conical wall, 812—cylindrical wall, 820—conical valve plug, 830—return spring, 840—support plate; 900—shock-absorbing airbag device, 910—mounting frame, 920—baffle plate, 93—shock-absorbing airbag.

[0018] For a person of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings may be obtained according to the above drawings without creative efforts.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following further describes in detail some embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provides a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag. The device includes a housing 100, and a cover plate 200, an internal locking mechanism 300, and a shock-absorbing airbag device 900 disposed inside the housing 100.

[0021] The housing 100 refers to an overall shell structure configured to enclose and fix internal functional components, such as a segmented steel plate welded housing, an integrally formed cast steel housing, a sleeve-type combined housing, or the like.

[0022] In some embodiments, the housing 100 includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve 110, an intermediate chamber 120, and an upper cylinder body 130. The lower outer sleeve 14 is sleeved onto a steel pipe pile 600 to be constructed, the cover plate 200 is disposed inside the housing 100 and located at a top of the lower outer sleeve 1, and a sealing ring 111 is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve 110. The intermediate chamber 120 is located above the cover plate 200, the upper cylinder body 130 is located above the intermediate chamber 120, and an upper port of the upper cylinder body 130 is configured to mount a vibratory hammer device.

[0023] The lower outer sleeve 110 is a lower sleeve portion of the housing 100, configured to sleeve onto a periphery of the steel pipe pile 600 to be constructed and position the housing 100.

[0024] An inner diameter of the lower outer sleeve 110 matches an outer diameter of the steel pipe pile 600. An inner wall of the lower outer sleeve 110 is provided with a seal ring groove or a positioning boss, and an outer side of the lower outer sleeve 110 is provided with a fixing hole. A bearing surface or a flange for mating with the cover plate 200 is formed on an upper end of the lower outer sleeve 110, configured for sealing or rigid connection.

[0025] The lower outer sleeve 110 fixes and sleeves the housing 100 onto the steel pipe pile 600, achieving radial positioning, sealing isolation, and force transmission.

[0026] The intermediate chamber 120 refers to an annular or cylindrical cavity located between the lower outer sleeve 110 and the upper cylinder body 130 of the housing 100, such as an intermediate chamber formed by welding annular steel plates, a combined intermediate chamber with an access hatch and pipeline connectors, or the like.

[0027] In some embodiments, the intermediate chamber 120 is a cylindrical structure with upper and lower flanges. Upper and lower ends of the intermediate chamber 120 are connected to the lower outer sleeve 110 and the upper cylinder body 130, respectively, through flanges, bolts, or welding. In some embodiments, a side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 is provided with a through hole, a hydraulic cylinder fixing base, and a plurality of pipeline / cable perforations. An inner wall of the intermediate chamber 120 is provided with a guide groove or a guide base to position a driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and a mounting plate 330. A bottom or the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 may be provided with a drainage / sampling port and an access hatch.

[0028] In some embodiments, a hatch 140 is disposed at a top of the intermediate chamber 120.

[0029] The hatch 140 refers to an openable and closable component disposed on the intermediate chamber 120.

[0030] In some embodiments, an interface between the hatch 140 and the top of the intermediate chamber 120 typically includes a flange surface with an embedded sealing gasket to achieve watertight or airtight performance. This arrangement provides direct access for inspection and maintenance to internal components, such as the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and pipelines, of the intermediate chamber 120, facilitating installation, disassembly, and routine maintenance and inspection of driving components.

[0031] Disposing the hatch 140 at the top of the intermediate chamber 120 facilitates the installation, inspection, and maintenance of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310, pipelines, electrical components, and a self-adaptive closing valve 800. The hatch 140 also enables quick disassembly and repair in case of failure, which further improves on-site maintenance efficiency and device maintainability, thereby enhancing overall reliability, construction efficiency, and service life.

[0032] In some embodiments, a cable port 150 is provided on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 for routing out a cable of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310.

[0033] The cable port 150 refers to a penetration hole or conduit provided on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120, configured to lead out or lead in a cable. For example, the cable port 150 includes a round hole with a metal sheath, a multi-hole socket with a rubber sealing sleeve, a flange hole with a pre-installed cable connector, or the like.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cable port 150 is provided with a metal bushing or a flexible sealing sleeve. A periphery of the cable port 150 is equipped with a sealing gasket, a junction box, or a cable connector panel to achieve mechanical protection, waterproof sealing, and convenient connection for cables.

[0035] Providing the cable port 150 on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 facilitates orderly routing of cables for the hydraulic cylinder and control components and connecting the cables to an external control system, ensuring reliability and maintainability of electrical / hydraulic interfaces.

[0036] The upper cylinder body 130 refers to an upper cylindrical portion of the housing 100, configured to support and fix the vibratory hammer device, connect to the intermediate chamber 120, and transmit vibratory hammer load to the housing 100.

[0037] In some embodiments, the upper cylinder body 130 is an axisymmetric cylindrical structure, provided with an upper-end vibratory hammer mounting base or flange. A middle portion of the upper cylinder body 130 is connected to an upper-end flange of the intermediate chamber 120, and is provided with reinforcing ribs or annular supports to increase axial and circumferential stiffness. A lower end of the upper cylinder body 130 mates with a flange or a sealing surface of the intermediate chamber 120.

[0038] The upper cylinder body 130 provides mechanical mounting and constraint for the vibratory hammer, bears axial and lateral forces generated by the vibratory hammer under vibration and impact conditions, and transmits the forces to the lower outer sleeve 110 and the pile through the cylinder body-housing structure. Simultaneously, the upper cylinder body 130, as an upper enclosed or semi-enclosed structure of the housing 100, provides rigid connection and protection between the intermediate chamber 120 and the vibratory hammer. During operation of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage, the vibratory hammer is rigidly connected to the upper cylinder body 130 through a mounting base. Inertial force and impact force of the vibratory hammer are borne by the upper cylinder body 130 and dispersed through a body wall of the cylinder body to the housing 100 as a whole.

[0039] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes the cover plate 200 disposed inside the housing 100.

[0040] The cover plate 200 is a partition installed inside the housing 100 and located at the top of the lower outer sleeve 110, configured to bear internal mechanisms and form a lower boundary of the intermediate chamber 120. Exemplary cover plates 2 include a flat cover plate, a perforated cover plate with through holes, a cover plate with reinforcing ribs, or the like.

[0041] The cover plate 200 is a load-bearing structural component, having through holes to form a water-permeable channel 700 and an axial hole for a drive rod to pass through. A surface of the cover plate 200 may be provided with mounting holes, positioning pin holes, and reinforcing ribs. A material of the cover plate 200 is typically thick steel or a casting.

[0042] The cover plate 200 is configured to support and position the internal locking mechanism 300 and a mounting frame 910 of a shock-absorbing airbag 930, withstand a penetrating force of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310, cooperate with the sealing ring 111 and the lower outer sleeve 110 to form a clamping interface for an inner flange ring 610, and communicate with the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 through the through holes to form the water-permeable channel 700.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cover plate 200 is fixedly installed at the top of the lower outer sleeve 110 or fastened through a flange, forming an axially movable fit relative to the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The through holes of the cover plate 200 communicate with the through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via a connecting pipeline. The cover plate 200 itself remains stationary during operation.

[0044] In some embodiments, a bushing 400 for mounting the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is disposed at a central position of the cover plate 200. The drive rod extends through and is mounted in the bushing 400.

[0045] The bushing 400 refers to a cylindrical sleeve or a guide member disposed at the central position of the cover plate 200, configured to guide and support the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bushing 400 is a cylindrical component. An outer diameter of the bushing 400 fits with a through hole or a mounting hole of the cover plate 200. One end of the bushing 400 is provided with a flange for positioning and force transmission. An inner hole of the bushing 400 is a smooth cylindrical hole or a stepped hole with a guide sleeve. An inner diameter of the bushing 400 is based on a diameter of the drive rod with a sliding fit clearance reserved. A material of the bushing 400 may be metal, alloy, or engineering plastic. The bushing 400 may be provided with an inner liner, a lubrication hole, or a sealing groove.

[0047] In some embodiments, the bushing 400 is fixedly disposed at the through hole at the central position of the cover plate 200. The fixing manner may include an interference fit, threaded connection, welding, or flange fastening. The drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extend axially through the bushing 400s and is connected to the mounting plate 330 or a linkage mechanism. The drive rod is allowed only axial displacement within the bushing 400 while radial swing is restricted. Axial positioning between the bushing 400 and the cover plate 200 may be achieved through elements such as a washer or a retaining ring. A sealing ring 111 may be provided between an exterior of the bushing 400 and the cover plate 200 to prevent medium leakage from a cavity through a gap.

[0048] Disposing the bushing 400 at the central position of the cover plate 200 and having the drive rod pass through the bushing 400 can effectively ensure axial alignment and radial stability of the drive rod, reduce wear between the drive rod and the hole of the cover plate 200, lower the risk of seal leakage, improve synchronization and action accuracy of a force arm mechanism 320, extend device service life, and enhance construction reliability and maintenance convenience.

[0049] In some embodiments, a limit frame 500 is further disposed at a central position of a bottom surface of the cover plate 200. A guide hole is formed at a central position of a bottom portion of the limit frame 500, and a guide sliding sleeve is installed in the guide hole. The drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends through and is mounted in the guide sliding sleeve.

[0050] The limit frame 500 refers to a frame-type or support-type structural component disposed at the central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200, configured to limit and support the drive rod and a motion path of the drive rod. Exemplary limit frames 500 include a U-shaped limit frame, an annular limit frame, a tubular limit frame with reinforcing ribs, a limit support fixed by welding or bolts, or the like.

[0051] In some embodiments, the limit frame 500 is fixedly mounted at the central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200, exhibiting an overall frame-like or short-cylindrical structure. The guide hole is disposed at the central position of the bottom portion of the limit frame 500, configured to mount the guide sliding sleeve. The limit frame 500 may be provided with reinforcing ribs or a thickened wall structure to increase its load-bearing capacity against lateral loads from the drive rod. The limit frame 500 may be connected to the cover plate 200 via welding, bolts, or integral molding.

[0052] The guide hole refers to a through hole structure disposed at the central position of the bottom portion of the limit frame 500, configured to mount the guide sliding sleeve and define an axis position of the drive rod.

[0053] The guide sliding sleeve refers to a sleeve-type component installed in the guide hole of the limit frame 500, configured to provide sliding guidance and radial support for the drive rod.

[0054] In some embodiments, the limit frame 500 is fixedly disposed at the central position of the bottom surface the cover plate 200, remaining relatively stationary with respect to the cover plate 200. The guide hole is located at the central position of the bottom portion of the limit frame 500 and aligned with a central axis of the cover plate 200. The drive rod extends from top to bottom through the cover plate 200, the limit frame 500, and the guide hole of the limit frame 500, performing axial reciprocating motion within the guide sliding sleeve. The limit frame 500 itself functions to limit and support the drive rod.

[0055] By disposing the limit frame 500 on the central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200, stability of reciprocating motion of the drive rod can be significantly improved, a risk of eccentric load and wear can be reduced, and a possibility of unsynchronized action or jamming of the force arm mechanism 320 can be decreased. This enhances overall reliability, durability, and construction safety of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage, particularly suitable for steel pipe pile 600 construction environments under high load and strong vibration conditions.

[0056] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag further includes the internal locking mechanism 300.

[0057] The internal locking mechanism 300 refers to a mechanism disposed inside the housing, configured to mechanically clamp the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600 against the cover plate 200. Exemplary internal locking mechanisms 300 includes a hydraulic-driven multi-arm clamping mechanism, a mechanical lever-type force arm mechanism, a rack-and-pinion type deployment mechanism, or the like.

[0058] In some embodiments, the internal locking mechanism 300 includes a driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and a plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber 120 of the housing 100, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends downward through the cover plate 200. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is configured to synchronously drive the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 to spread outward and upward, causing the force arm mechanisms 320 to abut against a bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on an inner wall of an upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, such that the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0059] The device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure employs the housing 100 to sleeve onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, and the cover plate 200 and the internal locking mechanism 300 are designed inside the housing 100. The internal locking mechanism 300 is configured to cause the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 to be clamped between the cover plate 200 and the internal locking mechanism 300. Compared with the anti-slippage devices in the existing technologies that are fixed to the side wall of the steel pipe pile by friction, the upper-and-lower clamping fixation manner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure eliminates the risk of detachment from the pile. In addition, the internal locking mechanism 300 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure uses only one driving hydraulic cylinder 310 to achieve synchronous driving of the plurality of force arm mechanisms 32, resulting in simple structure, low cost, and high stability.

[0060] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 refers to a linear actuator serving as a power source of the internal locking mechanism 300. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is configured to push the drive rod to actuate the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320.

[0061] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 includes a cylinder body, a piston, the drive rod (also referred to as a piston rod), end covers, hydraulic ports, and a mounting flange. The cylinder body is fixed in the intermediate chamber 120 through a support. The piston rod extends downward through the cover plate 200 to connect to the mounting plate 330.

[0062] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is configured to provide axial power, causing the mounting plate 330 or a linkage mechanism to undergo mechanical transformation and drive the force arm mechanisms 320 to expand or retract.

[0063] The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is fixed in the intermediate chamber 120. The drive rod extends downward through the cover plate 200 and connects to the mounting plate 330 or the linkage mechanism. The mounting plate 330 and the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 form a mechanical amplification mechanism through hinge pins and connecting rods 321.

[0064] A force arm mechanism 320 is an annular or distributed clamping mechanism. In some embodiments, a plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 are provided, each composed of several identical or similar force arm units. Each force arm mechanism 320 is linked to the mounting plate 330 or a driving member through a hinge or a linkage.

[0065] The force arm mechanism 320 includes a hinged main arm, the connecting rod 321, a clamping block 323 or a clamping head, and a return spring. The force arm mechanism 320 is connected to the mounting plate 330 or a base through hinges. An outer end of the force arm mechanism 320 is provided with the clamping block 323 to contact the bottom surface of the inner flange ring. A cross-section of the force arm mechanism 320 needs to meet bending moment bearing requirements.

[0066] The force arm mechanism 320 is configured to convert a driving force into radial and upward supporting forces at a plurality of points, pressing against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600 to achieve clamping. The force arm mechanism 320 rotates about its hinge in response to movement of the mounting plate 330, causing radial displacement at its outer end and transmitting the clamping force at the clamping block 323.

[0067] In some embodiments, the mounting plate 330 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. Each force arm mechanism 320 includes a connecting rod 321 and a movable bent arm 322. A top end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged on the bottom surface of the cover plate 200. A bottom end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged at a middle portion of the movable bent arm 322. An inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is hinged on the mounting plate 330. A clamping block 323 is provided at an outer end of the movable bent arm 322. When the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 retracts, the movable bent arm 322 is driven to expand outward, causing the clamping block 323 at the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 to press against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0068] The mounting plate 330 refers to a disk-shaped member fixedly provided at the bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and used as a hinge or connection base for inner ends of the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320.

[0069] In some embodiments, the mounting plate 330 is a thick plate or flange structure. A periphery or an upper surface of the mounting plate 330 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced hinge mounting holes or hinge seats (for hinging the inner end of the movable bent arm 322). A center of the mounting plate 330 is fixedly connected to the drive rod or rigidly connected through threads or pins. The mounting plate 330 may be provided with positioning pins, anti-rotation grooves, and reinforcing ribs to improve strength and ensure positional consistency of the force arms.

[0070] The connecting rod 321 refers to a rod member serving as a link between a hinge point on the bottom surface of the cover plate 200 and a hinge point at a middle portion of the movable bent arm 322, such as a solid short rod connector, an adjustable-length linkage with a spherical hinge, a hinged linkage with needle roller bushings, or the like.

[0071] In some embodiments, the connecting rod 321 is a short straight rod. Two ends of the connecting rod 321 are provided with hinge eyes or spherical hinge heads. A material of the connecting rod 321 is alloy steel or stainless steel. The hinge heads may be matched with bushings, hinge pins, and lock nuts. A length of the connecting rod 321 and a position of a middle hinge point cooperate with the movable bent arm 322 to achieve a desired mechanical transformation ratio.

[0072] The movable bent arm 322 refers to a curved or bent lever hinged to the mounting plate 330 and linked to the cover plate 200 through the connecting rod 321, with the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 provided with the clamping block 323 to press against the inner flange ring 610. For example, the movable bent arm 322 may include an L-shaped bent arm, a crank-type bent arm, a bent plate arm with reinforcing ribs, or the like.

[0073] In some embodiments, the movable bent arm 322 is made from thick steel plate by bending or is a forging. The inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is provided with a hinge lug for hinging to the mounting plate. A middle portion of the movable bent arm 322 is provided with a bottom-end hinge for hinging with the connecting rod 321. The outer end of the movable bent arm 322 is provided with a mounting seat for the clamping block 323. Reinforcing ribs or thickened sections are provided to improve load-bearing capacity.

[0074] The clamping block 323 refers to a contact element fixedly or replaceably installed at the outer end of the movable bent arm 322. The clamping block 323 directly contacts the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600 to transmit the clamping force.

[0075] In some embodiments, the clamping block 323 is composed of a metal core and an elastic outer sleeve. A shape of the clamping block 323 is flat or concave to match the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610. The clamping block 323 may be provided with fixing screw holes for replacement. A surface of the clamping block 323 may be provided with anti-slip patterns or soft pads to increase friction and prevent damage to the surface of the inner flange ring.

[0076] In some embodiments, the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 retracts upward along an axis of the housing 100, driving the mounting plate 330 fixed at the bottom end of the drive rod to move upward along the axis. The inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is hinged to an inner end of the mounting plate 330. The upward movement of the mounting plate 330 causes the movable bent arm 322 to pivot outward about its inner-end hinge point through the hinge connection. Simultaneously, the top end of the connecting rod 321 is fixed to a hinge point on the bottom surface of the cover plate 200. The bottom end of the connecting rod 321 cooperates with a hinge point at the middle portion of the movable bent arm 322 to change an included angle between the connecting rod 321 and the movable bent arm 322, thereby ensuring that the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 undergoes a combined outward and upward displacement, so that the clamping block 323 fits against and tightly press the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, thereby completing clamping. During resetting, the drive rod extends or hydraulic pressure is released, the mounting plate 330 resets accordingly, the movable bent arm 322 retracts, and the clamping block 323 disengages from the flange surface.

[0077] In some embodiments, a material (e.g., rubber, polyurethane, nylon, metal, etc.) of the clamping block 323 may be selected according to on-site working conditions. The clamping block 323 may be designed to be height-adjustable or of a self-adaptive spherical contact type. A force sensor may be built into the clamping block 323 to monitor the clamping force. Any structure of the clamping block 323 used for contact and force transmission, capable of protecting the flange and being replaceable or adjustable, is encompassed by the present disclosure.

[0078] In some embodiments, hinges may employ different types of bearings (needle roller, plain, spherical) to adapt to different rotational speeds and loads. The hinge design may include lubrication channels, sealing rings 111, and quick-change bushings. Any equivalent hinged structure capable of achieving a reliable rotatable connection is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0079] In some embodiments, the linkage-bent arm hinge mechanism may employ different power sources (hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, electric lead screw). Hinge layout and lengths of rod members may be designed in different combinations (e.g., 4 groups, 6 groups, 8 groups) according to flange dimensions and clamping force requirements. The shape and material of the clamping block 323 may be replaced based on the condition of the flange surface. A locking mechanism (a mechanical latch or a hydraulic lock) may be added to the structure to ensure prolonged clamping. Displacement / force sensors may also be integrated for feedback control and safety monitoring. All equivalent modifications and alternative solutions implemented without departing from the basic principles of the present disclosure are included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0080] In some embodiments, the count of the plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 is six groups. The six groups of force arm mechanisms 320 are mounted on the mounting plate 330 at equal circumferential intervals.

[0081] In some embodiments, the six groups of the force arm mechanisms 320 are connected through hinge points uniformly distributed around a periphery of the mounting plate 330 to form an annular force arm array. Driven by the axial motion of the mounting plate 330, each force arm rotates and expands outward about its hinge. This causes the clamping block 323 at its outer end to generate radial and upward component forces, pressing against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 6 to achieve multi-point clamping. The equally spaced arrangement ensures uniform distribution of the clamping force and reduces local stress concentration.

[0082] In some embodiments, the count of the force arm mechanisms 320 may also include 4, 5, 7, 8, etc., and near-equal spacing may be used to adapt to special flange shapes. Hinging manners (pins, needle rollers, spherical heads) and geometric dimensions of the force arms may be replaced according to load, material, and on-site conditions. All equivalent structures capable of achieving the function of uniform multi-point clamping are within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0083] Limiting the count of the force arm mechanisms 320 to six groups and arranging the six groups at equal circumferential intervals is beneficial for achieving uniform force distribution, stable clamping, and facilitating design verification and manufacturing. Compared with single-point or non-uniform arrangements, the six-group arrangement can significantly reduce single-point stress concentration, improve clamping reliability and safety margin, thereby enhancing anti-slippage capability and on-site construction stability.

[0084] By providing the mounting plate 330 at the bottom end of the drive rod and employing a linkage-type mechanism, the axial displacement of the drive rod is efficiently converted into multi-point radial and upward clamping motion. The conversion achieves mechanical multiplication and synchronization of the clamping action, ensuring that the plurality of force arm mechanisms simultaneously and uniformly press against the inner flange ring 610, dispersing contact pressure and reducing local damage. The hinged linkage structure provides reliable action, simple mechanism, and ease of manufacturing and maintenance. The mounting plate 330 centralizes force application, facilitating force transmission and alignment, which improves clamping stability. The structure enhances the reliability, response speed, and construction safety of the anti-slippage clamping function, and facilitates on-site installation, maintenance, and adjustment.

[0085] The mounting plate 330 is fixedly or hingedly connected to the connecting rod 321. The connecting rod 321 is hinged to the main arm. The clamping block 323 at the outer end of the main arm contacts the inner flange ring 610. The axial displacement of the mounting plate 330 is converted into a deployment angle of the force arm through the linkage. As the force arm deploys, it moves radially and generates an upward component of force

[0086] In some embodiments, one or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate 200 and one or more second through holes are formed in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120. Each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate 200 is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel 700.

[0087] A self-adaptive closing valve is disposed in the water-permeable channel 700, the self-adaptive closing valve 800 is configured to adaptively control an open state and a closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 based on a sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0088] In some embodiments, the self-adaptive closing valve 800 may automatically switch the water-permeable channel 700 between the open state and the closed state without external power or a complex control system. The self-adaptive closing valve 800 utilizes physical mechanical feedback based on a change in water flow velocity caused by a sinking speed of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0089] The device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has a simple structure and does not require complex detection and control systems. By designing the water-permeable channel 700 communicating with the exterior of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage and providing the self-adaptive closing valve 800 in the water-permeable channel 700, the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 can be adaptively controlled based on the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0090] In some embodiments, five to eight water-permeable channels 700 are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and a self-adaptive closing valve 800 is respectively provided in each water-permeable channel 700.

[0091] A water-permeable channel 700 refers to a channel composed of a through hole in the cover plate 200, a through hole in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120, and a connecting pipeline for conducting water flow between the interior and the exterior of the device for for steel pipe pile anti-slippage. For example, an array of six water-permeable channels 700 composed of radially distributed through holes and connecting pipelines may be provided.

[0092] In some embodiments, the count of water-permeable channels 700 is preferably between five and eight and uniformly distributed circumferentially around the periphery of the cover plate 200. A flow capacity is determined collectively by a total cross-sectional area (i.e., a sum of the cross-sectional areas of all water-permeable channels 700) and the count of water-permeable channels 700. A self-adaptive closing valve 800 is installed in each water-permeable channel 700. When the steel pipe pile 600 sinks or water pressure changes, each self-adaptive closing valve 800 may automatically adjust the opening or closing of the water-permeable channel 700 according to a local pressure difference or the sinking speed of the steel pipe pile 600, achieving multi-point parallel water flow regulation and thereby controlling the sinking speed and balancing water pressure.

[0093] The water-permeable channels 700 are arranged at equal intervals around the periphery of the cover plate 2 and communicate with the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via connecting pipes. Each water-permeable channel 700 is independently installed with a self-adaptive closing valve 800. The self-adaptive closing valve 800 is fixedly connected to a through hole seat through a support base. A valve plug performs axial displacement within a valve body to change the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700. Each water-permeable channel 700 operates independently. The overall symmetrical layout helps mitigate the impact of a single channel blockage or failure on the system.

[0094] The self-adaptive closing valve 800 refers to a valve installed in the water-permeable channel 700 and capable of automatically changing the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 based on the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600 or a water pressure difference. Exemplary self-adaptive closing valves 800 include a conical valve plug 820 valve with spring return, a float-type shut-off valve, a pressure difference control valve, or the like.

[0095] The self-adaptive closing valve 800 includes a valve wall 810, and a conical valve plug 820, a return spring 830, and a support plate 840 that are installed inside the valve wall 810. A front end of the valve wall 810 is a conical wall 811 with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall 810 is a cylindrical wall 812. The support plate 840 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall 812 of the valve wall 810, and the conical valve plug 820 is mounted on the support plate 840 via the return spring 830. When the return spring 830 is in a natural state, the conical valve plug 820 is separated from the opening of the conical wall 811.

[0096] The conical valve plug 820 cooperates with the conical wall 811. The conical valve plug 820 includes a guide journal and is pressed toward the support plate 840 via the return spring 830.

[0097] A conical orientation of the conical valve plug 820 (i.e., a direction in which the cone of the conical valve plug 820 is oriented) includes from an inner side of the water-permeable channel 700 to an outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the water-permeable channel 700 (e.g., along an axis of the water-permeable channel 700).

[0098] The conical valve plug 820 is a valve component cooperating with the conical valve wall 810.

[0099] A conical surface of the conical valve plug 820 is oriented “from the inner side of the water-permeable channel 700 to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700″ along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700. That is to say, a narrow end of the conical valve plug 820 points toward the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700.

[0100] In some embodiments, the conical valve plug 820 is guided by the support plate 840 and is preloaded by the return spring 830. Under the impact of fluid or a pressure difference, the conical valve plug 820 moves along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700 from the inner side to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 and enters the opening of the conical wall 811 to achieve sealing. A return stroke of the conical valve plug 820 is completed by the return spring 830. Cooperation between the conical valve plug 820 and the conical wall 811 ensures a progressively tightening contact surface at a sealing position to improve sealing reliability.

[0101] The conical orientation of the conical valve plug 820 from the inner side to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the axis of the water-permeable channel 700 improves closing reliability of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 under high flow velocity or impact load and forms a gradually sealing contact surface, reducing the risk of rebound oscillation and leakage of the conical valve plug 820. Therefore, the conical valve plug 820 improves stability of automatic control of the water-permeable channel 700 and ensures controllability and safety of the sinking process.

[0102] The return spring 830 is a helical compression spring, with limit rings or mounting sleeves provided at its ends.

[0103] The support plate 840 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall 812 of the valve wall 810. The support plate 840 provides an installation and guiding structure for the conical valve plug 820 and the reurn spring 83. The support plate 840 may be a flat plate or a structure with a guide cylinder, and is provided with a mounting hole and a limit device.

[0104] The valve wall 810 is fixed on a through-hole seat. The support plate 840 is fixed to a cylindrical portion of the valve wall 810. The conical valve plug 820 is axially sleeved on the guiding structure on the support plate 840 and is pressed toward the support plate 840 by the return spring 830. When fluid impact or the pressure difference increases, the conical valve plug 820 moves axially forward to insert into the opening of the conical wall 811 or retracts from the opening of the conical wall811 to achieve opening and closing actions.

[0105] In some embodiments, the water-permeable channels 7 may be arranged in a single row or a plurality of rows, at equal intervals or near-equal intervals to adapt to an actual size of the housing 100. Types of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 may include a conical valve, a ball valve, a float valve, a pressure difference valve, or the like. A trigger mechanism of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 may be based on pressure difference, velocity, or mechanical contact. Any equivalent solution that achieves distributed water permeability and is equipped with an adaptive closing mechanism falls within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0106] Limiting the count of water-permeable channels 700 to between five and eight, arranging the water-permeable channels 700 uniformly circumferentially, and providing a self-adaptive closing valve 800 in each water-permeable channel 700 can achieve multi-point redundancy and balanced water flow control while ensuring a required flow rate. The arrangement reduces the risk of sinking loss of control caused by blockage of a single channel or excessive flow. The arrangement improves water pressure distribution, enhances sinking control accuracy, and thereby improves construction safety and equipment stability.

[0107] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag further includes the shock-absorbing airbag device 900.

[0108] The shock-absorbing airbag 930 refers to a compressible gas-filled cavity. The shock-absorbing airbag 930, Under the combined action of a buoyancy effect of water inside the steel pipe pile 600 and a blocking effect of the baffle plate 920, an upper surface of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 floats up to and conforms to a bottom surface of the baffle plate 920. For example, a disc-shaped inflatable airbag floats upward in water and closely adheres to the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920.

[0109] The shock-absorbing airbag device 900 is disposed at a bottom of the cover plate 200, and includes the mounting frame 910, the baffle plate 920, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930. The mounting frame 910 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 200; the baffle plate 920 is disposed on the mounting frame 910 and located below the internal locking mechanism 300; and the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is installed inside the mounting frame 910 below the baffle plate 920.

[0110] It may be understood that the shock-absorbing airbag device 900 is installed below the baffle plate 920, and a rigid connection between the shock-absorbing airbag 930 and the mounting frame 910 is not required. The purpose of the arrangement is to utilize the buoyancy effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 to push the shock-absorbing airbag 930 toward the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920, so that the shock-absorbing airbag 930 can be at an optimal buffering position between the baffle plate 920 and a water surface at the instant of vibratory hammer impact. The mounting frame 910 provides an external confinement space, while buoyancy determines an internal real-time position of the shock-absorbing airbag 930.

[0111] In some embodiments, under an action of the buoyancy effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 and the blocking effect of the baffle plate 920, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 floats against the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920.

[0112] In some embodiments, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is disposed inside the mounting frame 910 and located below the baffle plate 920. Under normal water level conditions, the upper surface of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 contacts the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920 under buoyancy and maintains its position. During hammering or when pressure increases, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is compressed, a volume of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 decreases, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930 deforms toward the mounting frame 910. After unloading, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 returns to an original position under an action of water buoyancy and internal gas pressure. The baffle plate 920 forms a mechanical limit for an upward floating position of the shock-absorbing airbag 930, preventing the shock-absorbing airbag 930 from over-travel.

[0113] The shock-absorbing airbag 930 utilizes water buoyancy to automatically position at the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920, forming a passive self-adaptive buffering unit. The design allows the shock-absorbing airbag 930 to automatically move into a buffering position and effectively absorb vibration and impact energy to reduce the impact of water pressure fluctuation on the housing 100 and the steel pipe pile 600, thereby improving vibratory sinking efficiency, reducing equipment wear, and improving construction safety and reliability.

[0114] In the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, specific structural forms, materials, dimensions, and connection manners of various components are not limited to those shown in the embodiments. In some embodiments, structural components such as the housing 100, the mounting plate 330, the force arm mechanism 320, and the baffle plate 920 may be manufactured from carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy, or composite materials, and may be implemented by welding, bolt connection, or integral molding. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 may be equivalently replaced by a pneumatic cylinder, an electric screw rod, or other actuating mechanisms capable of achieving axial drive. The count, hinged form, length ratio of the force arm mechanism 320, and the structure of the clamping block 323 may be adjusted according to flange dimensions and clamping force requirements of the steel pipe pile 600. The count, aperture, and distribution form of the water-permeable channels 7, as well as the structural type and trigger manner of the self-adaptive closing valve 800, may be equivalently varied according to construction environment and hydrodynamic conditions. The count, shape, material, and inflation pressure of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 may be adjusted according to impact energy and water level conditions. The shock-absorbing airbag 930 may also be replaced by other structures with elastic buffering functions. Any equivalent replacement, modification, or combination of the above structures made without departing from the overall concept and technical effects of the present disclosure shall be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0115] The present disclosure achieves passive adaptive control of the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600 during the vibratory sinking process by organically combining a mechanical clamping mechanism, an adaptive hydraulic control structure, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930 structure. The plurality of force arm mechanisms 320 form a stable and reliable clamping and positioning for the inner flange ring 610 of the steel pipe pile 600, ensuring relative stability between the device and the steel pipe pile 600 during the vibratory sinking process. During normal vibratory sinking, the water-permeable channels 7 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800 allow water to be slowly discharged. When a slippage trend occurs, the water-permeable channels 7 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800 can quickly close to increase water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600, thereby effectively suppressing slippage. Under the action of water buoyancy and the positional limit of the baffle plate 920, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 automatically assumes its working position, enabling the shock-absorbing airbag 930 to absorb energy and reduce hindrance of water to sinking of the steel pipe pile 600 during vibratory hammer impact. The synergistic effect of the above structures enables the device to significantly reduce the risk of slippage without requiring complex active control. The device improves safety, stability, and controllability of vibratory sinking construction, while also considering construction efficiency, equipment durability, and on-site maintenance convenience, demonstrating significant value for engineering applications.

[0116] FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process of a method for using a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes steps 1 to 4, which are executed by a control system (e.g., a processor).

[0117] In some embodiments, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage is provided with one or more sensors (e.g., a displacement sensor). The one or more sensors are connected to the control system.

[0118] Related descriptions of components of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage involved in steps 1 to 4 may be found in the corresponding content above.

[0119] Step 1: sleeving the lower outer sleeve110 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, and controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to retract, such that the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0120] In some embodiments, the lower outer sleeve 110 of the housing 100 is lowered axially downward and fitted over an outer periphery of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. The internal locking mechanism 300 causes the clamping block 323 of the force arm mechanisms 320 and the cover plate 200 to jointly clamp the inner flange ring 610 of the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. The control system receives position information of the lower outer sleeve 110 collected by the displacement sensor, and analyzes a deviation between the position information and a preset position. In response to a determination that the deviation is less than an error threshold, the control system confirms that the lower outer sleeve 110 is sleeved in place.

[0121] Step 2: mounting a vibratory hammer device on the upper cylinder body 130 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, and filling the steel pipe pile 600 with water through the water-permeable channels 700 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800.

[0122] The vibratory hammer device refers to a power device used to apply periodic impacts or vibrations to the steel pipe pile 600 to promote sinking of the steel pipe pile 600. Exemplary vibratory hammer devices may include a hydraulic vibratory hammer, a drop hammer type vibratory hammer, an electric eccentric vibrator, or the like.

[0123] In some embodiments, the control system confirms that the vibratory hammer device is installed in place by aligning bolt holes of a flange plate of the upper cylinder body 130 and a base of the vibratory hammer device and fastening with bolts. The control system may also confirm that the vibratory hammer device is in place through alignment pins in installation holes and position proximity switches.

[0124] In some embodiments, the vibratory hammer device is assembled and fixed to an upper end of the upper cylinder body 130. The control system starts a water injection pump, which supplies water to the water-permeable channels 700 via the connecting pipelines. The control system monitors a liquid level gauge and adjusts a pump speed based on readings of the liquid level gauge until a predetermined water level is reached inside the steel pipe pile 600. During the water injection process, the control system may keep the self-adaptive closing valves 800 in the open state to ensure channel patency and uniform water injection.

[0125] Step 3: starting the vibratory hammer device to cause the steel pipe pile 600 to vibrate and sink. During sinking of the steel pipe pile 600 at a normal speed, the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. With each hammering action of the vibratory hammer device, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 inside the steel pipe pile 600 is compressed under pressure, to reduce a hindering effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 on the sinking of the steel pipe pile 600. When the steel pipe pile 600 slips, a water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 suddenly increases, and a speed of discharged water flow greatly increases. Under an action of the continuously and rapidly discharged water flow, the conical valve plug 820 is pushed to overcome a resistance of the return spring 830 to close the opening of the conical wall 811, thereby closing the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700, such that the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases to stop the slipping of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0126] The steel pipe pile 600 sinking at the normal speed refers to a state where the steel pipe pile 600 sinks at an expected rate under an action of a set vibratory hammer frequency and energy, which may be measured by the displacement sensor.

[0127] Pile slippage refers to an abnormal, rapid, or uncontrolled sinking of the steel pipe pile 600, which may be determined by a sudden change in instantaneous displacement velocity, accelerometer readings, or a sudden increase in discharge flow rate.

[0128] In some embodiments, the control system starts the vibratory hammer device. The vibratory hammer device acts on the steel pipe pile 600 with a set frequency and energy to cause the steel pipe pile 600 to sink axially through vibration. During the vibratory sinking process, the control system monitors a sinking speed of the steel pipe pile 600 and a discharge rate of the water-permeable channels 700 via displacement sensors and liquid level / flow meters. In response to a determination that the sinking speed is within a normal range, the self-adaptive closing valves 800 remain open, allowing water to be discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. Meanwhile, each hammering of the vibratory hammer device causes the shock-absorbing airbag 930 to be compressed and absorb impact energy. In response to detecting a slippage characteristic (e.g., an instantaneous sinking speed of a pile top exceeds a set threshold, or an increase in discharge flow rate exceeds a preset increase rate threshold), the control system, or the fluid action directly, pushes the conical valve plug 820 to overcome the resistance of the return spring 830 and move into a closed position, thereby closing the self-adaptive closing valve 800 and the water-permeable channel 700, which in turn causes water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 to rise and generates a resistance force against the slippage.

[0129] Step 4: after the steel pipe pile 600 is vibrated and sunk to a specified depth position, controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to extend, to drive the force arm mechanisms 320 to retract, and lifting the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag and the vibratory hammer device together via a pulling rope.

[0130] The specified depth position refers to a position that may be determined by a preset sinking target value, a depth sounder, or ta displacement sensor at the pile top.

[0131] In some embodiments, in response to a determination by the control system via the displacement sensor that the steel pipe pile 600 has reached the specified depth position, the control system issues an instruction to extend the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. A hydraulic system drives the drive rod to extend, causing the mounting plate 330 and the force arm mechanisms 320 to reset under hydraulic driving, which reattracts the force arms and disengages the clamping block 323 from the inner flange ring 610. The housing and the vibratory hammer device are connected via the pulling rope using a lifting device, and the housing and the vibratory hammer device are hoisted and lifted together away from a pile port.

[0132] In the present embodiment, the execution of the above steps may be completed manually by an on-site operator, or may be performed automatically by an integrated Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or the control system. Key determination parameters (e.g., the clamping force, the liquid level, the sinking speed, the discharge flow rate, and the valve displacement) may be obtained using various sensors (e.g., a force sensor, a liquid level gauge, a flow meter, a pressure difference gauge, the displacement sensor, or an acceleration sensor). Visual inspection, contact switches, or time—empirical value determination may also be used as alternatives.

[0133] The valve triggering mechanism, the airbag configuration, the count of force arm mechanisms, the count of water-permeable channels, and parameters may be adjusted beyond the preferred ranges shown in the present disclosure to adapt to different pile diameters, soil conditions, and operating environments. Under extreme or special working conditions, bypass systems, manual overrides, or redundant controls may be adopted to ensure construction safety. Any equivalent substitutions and combination made to the above steps, the device, or the determination manners without departing from the technical essence and expected technical effects of the present disclosure shall be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0134] By organically combining mechanical clamping, fluid self-adaptive closing valves, and airbag buffering, and implementing them with clear operational steps and determination means, the present disclosure not only facilitates on-site installation and maintenance but also achieves smooth control and automatic anti-slippage protection for the vibratory sinking process of the steel pipe pile 600 without requiring complex remote control. Therefore, the present disclosure can significantly improve the safety, controllability, and efficiency of vibratory sinking construction and reduce the risk of rework and equipment damage caused by pile slippage.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes a housing 100, and a cover plate 200, an internal locking mechanism 300, and a shock-absorbing airbag device 900 disposed in the housing 100.

[0136] The housing 100 includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve 110, an intermediate chamber 120, and an upper cylinder body 130.

[0137] The lower outer sleeve 110 is configured to be sleeved onto a steel pipe pile 600 to be constructed. The cover plate 200 is disposed inside the housing 100 and located at the top of the lower outer sleeve 110 to seal the top of the lower outer sleeve 110. A seal ring 111 made of rubber is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve 110 to increase a sealing effect between the lower outer sleeve 110 and the steel pipe pile 600, so that a sealed space effect is formed inside the steel pipe pile 600. The intermediate chamber 120 is located above the cover plate 200. The intermediate chamber 120 is configured to install a driving hydraulic cylinder of the internal locking mechanism 300. The upper cylinder body 130 is located above the intermediate chamber 120. During operation, an upper port of the upper cylinder body 130 is configured to install a vibratory hammer device (in the existing technologies, the vibratory hammer device is installed at an upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 to directly apply a vibratory sinking force to the steel pipe pile 600), so that the vibratory sinking force generated by the vibratory hammer device may be transmitted to the steel pipe pile 600 through the housing 100.

[0138] The internal locking mechanism 300 is configured to lock the housing 100 onto the steel pipe pile 600 and fix the cover plate 200 in the housing 100 to cover the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600.

[0139] The internal locking mechanism 300 includes a driving hydraulic cylinder 310 and six force arm mechanisms 320 driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber 120 of the housing 100, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends downward through the cover plate 200.

[0140] A bushing 400 for mounting the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 is disposed at the central position of the cover plate 200, and the drive rod extends through and is mounted in the bushing 400.

[0141] A mounting plate 330 is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. The six force arm mechanisms 320 are installed on the mounting plate 330 at equal circumferential intervals. Actuation of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 may synchronously drive the six force arm mechanisms 320 to expand outward and upward, so that the six force arm mechanisms abut against a bottom surface of an inner flange ring610 on an inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. Therefore, the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0142] Each force arm mechanism 320 includes a connecting rod 321 and a movable bent arm 322. A top end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged to a bottom surface of the cover plate 200. A bottom end of the connecting rod 321 is hinged to a middle portion of the movable bent arm 322. An inner end of the movable bent arm 322 is hinged to the mounting plate 330, and a clamping block 323 is disposed at an outer end of the movable bent arm 322. When the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 retracts, the movable bent arm 322 is driven to spread outward, causing the clamping block 323 at the outer end of the movable bent arm 322 to abut against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 (refer to FIG. 3).

[0143] In some embodiments, a limit frame 500 is further disposed on at a central position of the bottom surface of the cover plate 200. The limit frame 500 has two functions. First, a guide hole is formed at a central position of a bottom portion of the limit frame 500. A guide sliding sleeve is installed in the guide hole, and the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 extends through and is mounted in the guide sliding sleeve, thereby providing a stable guiding function for the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310. Second, the limit frame 500 restricts a movement range of the mounting plate 330.

[0144] In some embodiments, a hatch 140 is disposed at a top of the intermediate chamber 120 to facilitate access for personnel to perform maintenance on the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 inside the intermediate chamber 120.

[0145] A cable port 150 is further opened on the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 for routing out a cable of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310.

[0146] One or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate 200 and one or more second through holes are formed in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120. Each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate 200 is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber 120 via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel 700. In some embodiments, a plurality of water-permeable channels 7, preferably five to eight, are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the cover plate 200. A self-adaptive closing valve 800 is respectively disposed in each water-permeable channel 700.

[0147] The self-adaptive closing valve 800 is capable of adaptively controlling the open state and the closed state of the water-permeable channel 700 based on the sinking state of the steel pipe pile 600. As shown in the schematic diagram illustrating the natural state of the self-adaptive closing valve in FIG. 4, the self-adaptive closing valve 800 includes a valve wall 810, and a conical valve plug 820, a return spring 830, and a support plate 840 installed inside the valve wall 810. A front end of the valve wall 810 is a conical wall 811 with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall 810 is a cylindrical wall 812. The support plate 840 is a rectangular plate fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall 812 of the valve wall 810. The conical valve plug 820 is installed on the support plate 840 through the return spring 830. In the natural state of the return spring 830, the conical valve plug 820 is separated from the opening of the conical wall 811. In this state, water flow can pass through the self-adaptive closing valve 800 and the water-permeable channel 700.

[0148] In some embodiments, a conical orientation of the conical valve plug 820 is from the inner side to the outer side of the water-permeable channel 700 along the water-permeable channel 700.

[0149] The working principle of the self-adaptive closing valve 800 is as follows. After the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage is installed, during a vibratory sinking process of the steel pipe pile 600, water inside the steel pipe pile 600 is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700 when the steel pipe pile 600 sinks at a normal speed. When the steel pipe pile 600 slips, water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 suddenly increases, and the speed of the discharge water flow greatly increases. Under the action of the continuous and rapid discharge water flow, the conical valve plug 820 is pushed to overcome the resistance of the return spring 830 to close the opening of the conical wall 811 (as shown in the state in FIG. 5), thereby effectively closing the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. Therefore, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases, which in turn increases the resistance at the pile top, thereby effectively arresting pile slippage.

[0150] The shock-absorbing airbag device 900 is disposed at the bottom of the cover plate 200. The shock-absorbing airbag device 900 includes a mounting frame 910, a baffle plate 920, and the shock-absorbing airbag 930. The mounting frame 910 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 200. The baffle plate 920 is disposed on the mounting frame 910 and located below the internal locking mechanism 300 to avoid obstructing the movement of the internal locking mechanism 300. The shock-absorbing airbag 930 is installed inside the mounting frame 910 below the baffle plate 920.

[0151] During use, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 floats against the bottom surface of the baffle plate 920 under the action of buoyancy of water in the steel pipe pile 600 and a blocking effect of the baffle plate 920. During a normal vibratory sinking process of the steel pipe pile 600, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases correspondingly with each impact of the vibratory hammer device. Consequently, each hammer of the vibratory hammer device causes the shock-absorbing airbag 930 inside the steel pipe pile 600 to compress to a certain extent under the water pressure (i.e., the volume of the shock-absorbing airbag 930 is compressed and reduced). Since the volume of the shock-absorbing airbag is compressed, a certain amount of space is vacated inside the steel pipe pile 600. This space is filled with water, thereby reducing the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600, i.e., reducing the hindering effect of water inside the steel pipe pile on the sinking of the steel pipe pile. Therefore, the steel pipe pile sinks more easily under the impact of the vibratory hammer device, thereby ensuring hammer efficiency.

[0152] In some embodiments, a method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag includes the following steps 1 to 4.

[0153] Step 1: sleeving the lower outer sleeve 110 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600, and controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to retract to drive the six force arm mechanisms 320 to expand outward and upward, so that the six force arm mechanisms abut against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600. Consequently, the inner flange ring 610 on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile 600 is clamped between the cover plate 200 and the force arm mechanisms 320.

[0154] Step 2: mounting a vibratory hammer device on the upper cylinder body 130 of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, and filling the steel pipe pile 600 with water through the water-permeable channels 700 and the self-adaptive closing valves 800.

[0155] Step 3: starting the vibratory hammer device to cause the steel pipe pile 600 to vibrate and sink. During the sinking of the steel pipe pile 600 at a normal speed, the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valves 800 and the water-permeable channels 700. With each hammering action of the vibratory hammer device, the shock-absorbing airbag 930 inside the steel pipe pile 600 is compressed under pressure. The compression reduces the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600, which in turn reduces the hindering effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile 600 on the sinking of the steel pipe pile 600, thereby ensuring hammer efficiency. When the steel pipe pile 600 slips, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 suddenly increases, and the speed of discharged water flow greatly increases. Under the action of the continuously and rapidly discharged water flow, the conical valve plug 820 is pushed to overcome the resistance of the return spring 830 to close the opening of the conical wall 811, thereby effectively closing the self-adaptive closing valve 800 and the water-permeable channel 700. Consequently, the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile 600 increases, which in turn increases the resistance at the pile top, effectively arresting the pile slippage.

[0156] Step 4: after the steel pipe pile 600 is vibrated and sunk to a specified depth position, controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder 310 of the internal locking mechanism 300 to extend, to drive the force arm mechanisms 320 to retract, and lifting the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag and the vibratory hammer device together via a pulling rope to achieve recycling and reuse.

[0157] The above provides an exemplary description of some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, without departing from the core of some embodiments of the present disclosure, any simple modification, alteration, or other equivalent replacement that may be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts falls within the protection scope of some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0019]The following further describes in detail some embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020]Some embodiments of the present disclosure provides a device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag. The device includes a housing 100, and a cover plate 200, an internal locking mechanism 300, and a shock-absorbing airbag device 900 disposed inside the housing 100.

[0021]The housing 100 refers to an overall shell structure configured to enclose and fix internal functional components, such as a segmented steel plate welded housing, an integrally formed cast steel housing, a sleeve-type combined housing, or the like.

[0022]In some embodiments, the housing 100 includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sle...

Claims

1. A device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with a shock-absorbing airbag, comprising:a housing; anda cover plate, an internal locking mechanism, and a shock-absorbing airbag device that are disposed inside the housing; whereinthe housing includes, from bottom to top in sequence, a lower outer sleeve, an intermediate chamber, and an upper cylinder body; the lower outer sleeve is sleeved onto a steel pipe pile to be constructed; the cover plate is disposed inside the housing and located at a top of the lower outer sleeve, and a sealing ring is disposed on an inner wall of the lower outer sleeve; the intermediate chamber is located above the cover plate; the upper cylinder body is located above the intermediate chamber; and an upper port of the upper cylinder body is configured to mount a vibratory hammer device;the internal locking mechanism includes a driving hydraulic cylinder and a plurality of force arm mechanisms driven by the driving hydraulic cylinder; the driving hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted in the intermediate chamber of the housing, and a drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder extends downward through the cover plate; the driving hydraulic cylinder is configured to synchronously drive the plurality of force arm mechanisms to spread outward and upward, causing the force arm mechanisms to abut against a bottom surface of an inner flange ring on an inner wall of an upper port of the steel pipe pile, such that the inner flange ring on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile is clamped between the cover plate and the force arm mechanisms;one or more first through holes are formed in the cover plate and one or more second through holes are formed in a side wall of the intermediate chamber; each of the one or more first through holes in the cover plate is in fluid communication with one of the one or more second through holes in the side wall of the intermediate chamber via a connecting pipeline to form a water-permeable channel; a self-adaptive closing valve is disposed in the water-permeable channel, and the self-adaptive closing valve is configured to adaptively control an open state and a closed state of the water-permeable channel based on a sinking state of the steel pipe pile; the self-adaptive closing valve includes a valve wall, and a conical valve plug, a return spring, and a support plate that are installed inside the valve wall; a front end of the valve wall is a conical wall with an opening, and a rear end of the valve wall is a cylindrical wall; the support plate is fixedly connected to the cylindrical wall of the valve wall; the conical valve plug is mounted on the support plate via the return spring; and when the return spring is in a natural state, the conical valve plug is separated from the opening of the conical wall; andthe shock-absorbing airbag device is disposed at a bottom of the cover plate; the shock-absorbing airbag device includes a mounting frame, a baffle plate, and the shock-absorbing airbag; the mounting frame is connected to the bottom of the cover plate; the baffle plate is disposed on the mounting frame and located below the internal locking mechanism; and the shock-absorbing airbag is installed inside the mounting frame below the baffle plate.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein a bushing for mounting the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder is disposed at a central position of the cover plate, and the drive rod extends through and is mounted in the bushing.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein a mounting plate is fixedly mounted at a bottom end of the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder; each of the plurality of force arm mechanisms includes a connecting rod and a movable bent arm, wherein a top end of the connecting rod is hinged to a bottom surface of the cover plate, a bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to a middle portion of the movable bent arm, an inner end of the movable bent arm is hinged to the mounting plate, and a clamping block is disposed at an outer end of the movable bent arm; and when the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder retracts, the movable bent arm is driven to expand outward, causing the clamping block at the outer end of the movable bent arm to abut against the bottom surface of the inner flange ring on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile.

4. The device of claim 3, whereina count of the plurality of force arm mechanisms is six, and the six force arm mechanisms are mounted on the mounting plate at equal circumferential intervals.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein a limit frame is further disposed at a central position of a bottom surface of the cover plate; a guide hole is formed at a central position of a bottom portion of the limit frame; a guide sliding sleeve is installed in the guide hole; and the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder extends through and is mounted in the guide sliding sleeve.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein a hatch is disposed at a top of the intermediate chamber.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein a cable port is further provided on a side wall of the intermediate chamber for routing out a cable of the driving hydraulic cylinder.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein:a count of water-permeable channels ranges from five to eight, and the water-permeable channels are uniformly distributed circumferentially; and the self-adaptive closing valve is respectively disposed in each of the water-permeable channels.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein:a conical orientation of the conical valve plug is from an inner side of the water-permeable channel to an outer side of the water-permeable channel along the water-permeable channel.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein:the shock-absorbing airbag floats against a bottom surface of the baffle plate under a buoyancy effect of water inside the steel pipe pile and a blocking effect of the baffle plate.

11. A method for using the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag of claim 1, comprising:step 1: sleeving the lower outer sleeve of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag onto the upper port of the steel pipe pile, and controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder of the internal locking mechanism to retract, such that the inner flange ring on the inner wall of the upper port of the steel pipe pile is clamped between the cover plate and the force arm mechanisms;step 2: mounting the vibratory hammer device on the upper cylinder body of the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag, and filling the steel pipe pile with water through the water-permeable channel and the self-adaptive closing valve;step 3: starting the vibratory hammer device to cause the steel pipe pile to vibrate and sink; whereinduring sinking of the steel pipe pile at a normal speed, the water inside the steel pipe pile is discharged at a low speed through the self-adaptive closing valve and the water-permeable channel;with each hammering action of the vibratory hammer device, the shock-absorbing airbag inside the steel pipe pile is compressed under pressure, to reduce a hindering effect of the water inside the steel pipe pile on the sinking of the steel pipe pile;when the steel pipe pile slips, a water pressure inside the steel pipe pile suddenly increases, and a speed of discharged water flow greatly increases, and under an action of the continuously and rapidly discharged water flow, the conical valve plug is pushed to overcome a resistance of the return spring to close the opening of the conical wall, thereby closing the self-adaptive closing valve and the water-permeable channel, such that the water pressure inside the steel pipe pile increases to stop the slipping of the steel pipe pile; andstep 4: after the steel pipe pile is vibrated and sunk to a specified depth position, controlling the drive rod of the driving hydraulic cylinder of the internal locking mechanism to extend, to drive the force arm mechanisms to retract, and lifting the device for steel pipe pile anti-slippage with the shock-absorbing airbag and the vibratory hammer device together via a pulling rope.

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