Greenhouse cultivation system having evaporative cooling function, and greenhouse cultivation method using same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, and a greenhouse cultivation method using same, which provide an air duct and a spray nozzle inside a greenhouse, introduce air into the greenhouse through the air duct and spray water through the spray nozzle so as to perform evaporative cooling, thereby enabling the temperature inside the greenhouse to be lowered. According to the greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, and the greenhouse cultivation method using the same, of the present invention, the temperature inside the greenhouse can be lowered using merely a simple structure such as an air duct and a spray nozzle inside the greenhouse, and temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration inside the greenhouse can be controlled and maintained under conditions that are suitable for crop cultivation.

Description

Greenhouse cultivation system with evaporative cooling function and greenhouse cultivation method using the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation system and a greenhouse cultivation method, and more particularly, to a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function capable of lowering the temperature inside the greenhouse by installing an air duct and a spray nozzle inside the greenhouse, introducing air into the greenhouse through the air duct, and spraying water through the spray nozzle to perform evaporative cooling, and a greenhouse cultivation method using the same.

[0002] Generally, the growth and development of crops are largely governed by light and temperature. Crops not only accumulate nutrients through photosynthesis, but also utilize the energy generated through metabolic processes to grow. Ultimately, if light is insufficient or temperatures are inadequate, crop growth inevitably slows. Consequently, greenhouses and other facilities have been used to continuously cultivate crops industrially, regardless of seasonal variations.

[0003] However, in the summer, there is a problem that the internal temperature of greenhouses or greenhouses rises excessively due to the long hours of strong sunlight shining on cultivation facilities such as glass greenhouses or vinyl houses during the day, so it is necessary to lower the internal temperature of the greenhouse.

[0004] In particular, due to global warming, abnormal weather is becoming more frequent and high temperatures are continuing for long periods of time, making it very difficult to cultivate crops such as cool-temperature leafy vegetables during high-temperature seasons.

[0005] Meanwhile, although light is an essential environmental factor for crop cultivation, excessive temperature rise in facilities due to strong light makes crop cultivation difficult, so the development of various methods to lower the temperature of facilities has been required.

[0006] One of the methods for lowering the temperature of the above facility is ventilation. Ventilation is a method of forcibly discharging air heated by sunlight penetration in a glass greenhouse, etc., and although it is easy to install and has low installation costs, it has the disadvantage of having a small cooling capacity.

[0007] In addition, evaporative cooling methods such as fan-and-fog, fan-and-mist, and fan-and-pad require a lot of equipment costs and there is a risk of increasing indoor humidity.

[0008] Electric cooling, although technically feasible, is only used for special purposes because the energy costs are prohibitive.

[0009] Furthermore, since temperature rise is closely related to increased light intensity, shading technology is employed to block sunlight, a factor contributing to temperature rise. However, even if shading can suppress temperature rise to some extent, fixed shading using shading nets with a fixed shading rate or shading material-applied shading have the problem that when light is insufficient due to poor weather conditions, the excessive shading can actually be detrimental to crop growth.

[0010] In addition, evaporative cooling methods such as fan-and-fog, fan-and-mist, and fan-and-pad were also used, but these methods have excessive initial installation costs and the amount of water used for cooling is excessively large compared to the amount of water used for plant cultivation, which increases indoor humidity and can actually hinder crop cultivation.

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function capable of lowering the temperature inside the greenhouse by installing an air duct and a spray nozzle inside the greenhouse, introducing air into the greenhouse through the air duct, and spraying water through the spray nozzle to perform evaporative cooling, and a greenhouse cultivation method using the same.

[0012] In order to solve the above problem, a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention is a greenhouse cultivation system for cultivating crops in a greenhouse, comprising: a storage tank for storing evaporative water; a pressurizing pump for pressurizing the evaporative water in the storage tank and supplying it to the greenhouse; an evaporative water supply line having a plurality of nozzles having orifices formed therein and supplying the evaporative water delivered by the pressurizing pump into the greenhouse; an air duct installed in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse so that outside air is supplied and flows therethrough and supplies air into the greenhouse through air discharge holes formed at a predetermined interval at the bottom; and an air duct tee for supplying outside air into the air duct by an axial fan, wherein outside air discharged through the air discharge holes of the air duct is mixed with water droplets of the evaporative water sprayed from the nozzles positioned adjacent to the air discharge holes to control the temperature inside the greenhouse through evaporative cooling.

[0013] In order to solve the above problem, a greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention is a greenhouse cultivation method having a cooling mode, a pest control mode, and a ventilation mode, wherein the greenhouse cultivation method comprises: a storage tank for storing evaporative water; a pressurized pump for pressurizing the evaporative water in the storage tank and supplying it to the greenhouse; an evaporative water supply line having a plurality of nozzles having orifices formed therein and supplying the evaporative water delivered by the pressurized pump into the greenhouse; an air duct installed in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse so that outside air is supplied and flows therethrough and supplies air into the greenhouse through air discharge holes formed at a predetermined interval at the bottom; and an air duct tee for supplying outside air into the air duct by an axial fan, wherein the greenhouse cultivation system is characterized by using an evaporative cooling function in which outside air discharged through the air discharge holes of the air duct is mixed with water droplets of the evaporative water sprayed from the nozzles positioned adjacent to the air discharge holes to control the temperature inside the greenhouse through evaporative cooling.

[0014] According to the greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention and the greenhouse cultivation method using the same, there is an advantage in that the temperature inside the greenhouse can be lowered using only simple components such as an air duct and a spray nozzle inside the greenhouse.

[0015] In addition, it has the effect of controlling and maintaining the temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration inside the greenhouse at conditions suitable for crop cultivation by being equipped with a temperature sensor, a relative humidity sensor, and a CO2 concentration sensor.

[0016] Figure 1 is a drawing schematically illustrating the configuration of a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' of Figure 1.

[0018] Figure 3 is a drawing showing an axial fan of a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 is a drawing showing an evaporation water supply line of a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporation cooling function according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 is a drawing showing an air exhaust port of a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention.

[0021] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a drawing schematically illustrating the configuration of a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' of FIG. 1.

[0023] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a greenhouse cultivation system (100) having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention comprises a storage tank (11), a chemical tank (12), a three-way valve (13), a pressurized pump (14), a filter (15), an ozone generator (16), a greenhouse boundary (21), an axial fan (22), an air duct (23), an air discharge hole (24), an evaporative water supply line (25), an air outlet (28), a beam (29), a sensor unit (30), and an air duct tee (31).

[0024] The storage tank (11) stores evaporated water for growing crops in the greenhouse. The pesticide tank (12) stores pesticides mixed in water for pest control. The pressurizing pump (14) adjusts the three-way valve (13) to pressurize the evaporated water in the storage tank (11) or the pesticides in the pesticide tank (12) and supply them to the greenhouse.

[0025] The filter (15) removes contaminants contained in the evaporation water delivered by the pressurized pump (14). The ozone generator (16) generates ozone and supplies ozone gas to the evaporation water delivered by the pressurized pump. By introducing ozone gas generated from the ozone generator (16) into the evaporation water supply pipe (17) pressurized by the pressurized pump (14) using a venturi tube, and causing the ozone to dissolve in water so that the ozone-dissolved water has a deodorizing and sterilizing effect, the effects of preventing diseases and pests of cultivated crops and a sterilizing function can be obtained.

[0026] Meanwhile, although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the greenhouse cultivation system (100) equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention may further include a pressure regulator that adjusts the pressure of the evaporative water delivered by the pressurizing pump (14).

[0027] The greenhouse boundary (21) is formed of a translucent material such as vinyl or synthetic resin and serves to surround and seal the greenhouse.

[0028] The axial fan (22) is located outside the greenhouse boundary (21) and is 4000m 3 / h and a pressure of 150Pa are used to supply external air to the air duct tee (31). Fig. 3 is a drawing showing an axial fan of a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention.

[0029] Meanwhile, the greenhouse cultivation system (100) equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention may further include an ultraviolet sterilization device (22a) that sterilizes external air supplied into the air duct tee (31) through the axial fan (22) with ultraviolet rays.

[0030] At this time, the ultraviolet sterilization device (22a) may further include a manifold (not shown) through which external air introduced through the axial fan (22) passes, and an ultraviolet sterilization lamp (not shown) installed within the manifold.

[0031] The air duct (23) is installed in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse so that outside air is supplied and flows, and air is supplied into the greenhouse through air discharge holes (24) formed at predetermined intervals at the bottom. The air duct (23) has a length of 30 m to 40 m and a pipe shape with a cross section of 450 mm x 400 mm. In addition, it is preferable that the air duct (23) be formed 6 to 10 times along the length of the greenhouse at a height of 3 m to 4 m from the ground inside the greenhouse using a beam (29). When the air duct (23) is installed at a height of 3 m to 4 m from the ground inside the greenhouse, there is an effect of preventing air that is introduced from the outside and discharged through the air discharge holes (24) in the air duct (23) from directly contacting crops inside the greenhouse and causing cold damage.

[0032] The air duct tee (31) serves to supply outside air into the air duct (23) by means of an axial fan (22). The inlet of the air duct tee (31) is formed in a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 500 mm, and the two outlets have the shape of tubes measuring 450 mm x 400 mm. Meanwhile, the length of the air duct tee (31) is preferably 0.8 m to 1.2 m.

[0033] The air exhaust hole (24) is formed at the bottom of the air duct (23) along the entire length of the air duct (23). At this time, the hole of the air exhaust hole (24) has a size of 100 mm x 200 mm and is formed at an interval of 1.5 m. At this time, it is preferable that the long axis of the hole of the air exhaust hole (24) is formed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the air duct (23). In addition, it is preferable that 8 to 12 air exhaust holes (24) are formed in one air duct (23).

[0034] It is preferable that the above air discharge hole (24) has a semicircular arch member formed at the entrance so that the air discharged into the greenhouse through the semicircular arch member can form a turbulent flow.

[0035] The evaporation water supply line (25) has a plurality of nozzles (25a) with orifices formed therein, and sprays the evaporation water delivered by the pressurized pump (12) into the greenhouse in the form of a spray through the orifices of the plurality of nozzles (25a).

[0036] The greenhouse cultivation system (100) equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention controls the temperature inside the greenhouse by evaporative cooling by mixing the outside air discharged in a turbulent form through the semicircular arch member of the air discharge hole (24) of the air duct (23) with the water droplets of the evaporative water sprayed in a spray form from the nozzle (25a) located adjacent to the air discharge hole (24).

[0037] Meanwhile, by making the direction of air discharge through the air discharge hole (24) and the direction of spraying the evaporation water through the nozzle (25a) face the same direction, the spray mist of the nozzle can promote the diffusion of the air discharged from the air discharge hole (24), thereby facilitating evaporation.

[0038] In addition, by installing the air discharge hole (24) and the nozzle (25a) so that the spray direction faces downward in the direction of gravity, the cool air formed by evaporation is directed toward the bottom where the plants are, and the air heated inside the greenhouse naturally moves upward by natural convection and pressurization of the blower, so that the humidity inside the greenhouse can be easily controlled.

[0039] Figure 4 is a drawing showing an evaporation water supply line of a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporation cooling function according to the present invention.

[0040] As illustrated in Fig. 4, the evaporation water supply line (25) of the greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporation cooling function according to the present invention is formed of a polymer tube having a diameter of 8 mm. Evaporation water is supplied into the evaporation water supply line (25) in the form of a polymer tube by a pressure pump (14).

[0041] The evaporation water supply line (25) of the greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporation cooling function according to the present invention is cut at the air discharge hole (24) portion of the air duct (23), and a nozzle (25a) having an orifice is installed at the cut portion. It is preferable that the nozzle (25a) be a spray nozzle capable of spraying the evaporation water flowing inside the evaporation water supply line (25) into the interior of the greenhouse.

[0042] The evaporated water sprayed by the nozzle (25a) exists in a spray (26) state inside the greenhouse and forms a layered boundary (27) at the bottom and top of the greenhouse.

[0043] An air exhaust port (28) is formed at the top of the greenhouse to discharge hot air inside the greenhouse to the outside.

[0044] Figure 5 is a drawing showing an air exhaust port of a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention.

[0045] The above air outlet (28) is formed in the shape of a square pillar at the top of the greenhouse. At this time, the upper part (28a) of the air outlet is sealed, and an inertial grid is formed on the four side surfaces (28b) to discharge the internal air.

[0046] It is preferable that the above air outlet (28) has a check valve structure in which, when the air inside the greenhouse becomes hot and the pressure inside the greenhouse rises, the inertial grid formed on the four sides (28b) opens to discharge the hot indoor air to the outside, and when the pressure inside the greenhouse drops again, the inertial grid closes again.

[0047] That is, the air outlet (28) is designed to exclude free air flow of the ventilation system and to automatically close when the fan is not in operation. The air outlet (28) is preferably made of moisture-proof nylon material and is installed vertically with the inertial grid facing downward.

[0048] Meanwhile, the humidity and temperature inside the greenhouse can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the evaporation water supplied into the evaporation water supply line (25) by the pressurized pump (14) and the evaporation water sprayed into the greenhouse by the nozzle (25a). In addition, the greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporation cooling function according to the present invention can further include a sensor unit (30) capable of measuring the temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration inside the greenhouse.

[0049] Additionally, in a greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention, a carbon dioxide supply line may be connected to the evaporative water supply line (25) and a check valve may be installed to supply carbon dioxide (CO2) into the evaporative water supply line (25). Carbon dioxide (CO2) may be supplied from a cylinder through a reducer and a solenoid control valve. At this time, it is preferable to control the operating pressure of the reducer to be 5 bar or less and the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) to be maintained in the range of 800 to 2000 ppm.

[0050] Additionally, water sprayed by a nozzle (25a) of an evaporation water supply line (25) can be ozonated to suppress the occurrence of bacteria in a plant environment.

[0051] While the greenhouse cultivation system equipped with an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention is in operation, the greenhouse entrance and air outlet (28) are kept closed.

[0052] Meanwhile, a greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention is a greenhouse cultivation method having a cooling mode, a pest control mode, and a ventilation mode, wherein the greenhouse cultivation method comprises: a storage tank for storing evaporative water; a pressurized pump for pressurizing the evaporative water in the storage tank and supplying it to the greenhouse; an evaporative water supply line having a plurality of nozzles having orifices formed therein and supplying the evaporative water delivered by the pressurized pump into the greenhouse; an air duct installed in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse so that outside air is supplied and flows therethrough and supplies air into the greenhouse through air discharge holes formed at a predetermined interval at the bottom; and an air duct tee for supplying outside air into the air duct by an axial fan, wherein the greenhouse cultivation system is characterized in that the outside air discharged through the air discharge holes of the air duct is mixed with water droplets of the evaporative water sprayed from the nozzles positioned adjacent to the air discharge holes to control the temperature inside the greenhouse through evaporative cooling.

[0053] In the above cooling mode, the axial fan and the pressurized pump are operated to cool the air inside the greenhouse.

[0054] In the above-mentioned control mode, the axial fan is stopped and the control agent delivered by the pressurized pump is supplied. At this time, it is preferable to supply the control agent stored in the control tank and spray it onto the crop through the evaporation water supply line.

[0055] In the above ventilation mode, the pressurizing pump is stopped and the axial fan is operated to bring in outside air and remove moisture from the greenhouse.

[0056] Meanwhile, when operating in the above-mentioned pest control mode, it is preferable to supply ozone generated from the ozone generator to the evaporation water supply line through a venturi tube, dissolve it, and then spray it on crops through the evaporation water supply line to block pests.

[0057] A greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention can control the operations of the cooling mode, the pest control mode, and the ventilation mode using a control unit.

[0058] As seen, according to the greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to the present invention and the greenhouse cultivation method using the same, air drawn in from the outside by a fan is discharged while forming turbulence through a semicircular arch member formed at the entrance of an air discharge hole through which air is discharged into the greenhouse, thereby facilitating mixing with water droplets of the evaporation water sprayed from the nozzle, thereby greatly improving the evaporation effect.

[0059] That is, the evaporative cooling effect can be further improved by forming turbulence when air is discharged through an air discharge hole in an air duct and creating fog using a plurality of nozzles adjacent to the air discharge hole.

[0060] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be implemented in various embodiments based on the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims, and such embodiments also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. In a greenhouse cultivation system for growing crops in a greenhouse, A storage tank for storing evaporation water; A pressurizing pump that pressurizes the evaporated water in the storage tank and supplies it to the greenhouse; An evaporation water supply line having a plurality of nozzles having orifices formed therein and supplying the evaporation water delivered by the pressurized pump into the greenhouse; An air duct installed in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse to supply and flow outside air and supply air into the greenhouse through air exhaust holes formed at a predetermined interval at the bottom; and An air duct tee for supplying outside air into the air duct by an axial fan: A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that the outside air discharged through the air discharge hole of the air duct is mixed with water droplets of the evaporative water sprayed from the nozzle located adjacent to the air discharge hole to control the temperature inside the greenhouse through evaporative cooling.

2. In paragraph 1, A filter for removing contaminants contained in the evaporation water delivered by the pressurized pump; A pressure regulator for adjusting the pressure of the evaporation water delivered by the pressurizing pump; and A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that it further includes an ozone generator that supplies ozone gas to the evaporative water delivered by the pressurized pump.

3. In paragraph 1, A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that the direction of air discharge through the air discharge hole and the direction of spraying the evaporative water through the nozzle are the same.

4. In paragraph 1, A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that it further includes an ultraviolet sterilization device that sterilizes external air supplied into the air duct through the axial fan with ultraviolet rays.

5. In the fourth paragraph, the ultraviolet sterilization device A manifold through which outside air flowing in through the above axial fan passes; and A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that it further includes an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp installed within the manifold.

6. In paragraph 1, A chemical tank for storing pesticides mixed in water for pest control; and A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that it further comprises a three-way valve in which a first inlet is connected to the storage tank, a second inlet is connected to the chemical tank, and an outlet is connected to a pressurized pump.

7. In the first paragraph, the air exhaust hole A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that a semicircular arch member is formed at the entrance and the air discharged into the greenhouse through the semicircular arch member is formed in a square shape so that turbulence can be formed.

8. In paragraph 7, A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that evaporative cooling is performed by mixing turbulent air passing through the arch member with water droplets of the evaporative water sprayed from the nozzle.

9. In paragraph 1, It further includes an air exhaust port formed in the shape of a square pillar at the top of the greenhouse to discharge the heated indoor air inside the greenhouse to the outside. A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that the air outlet is in the form of an inertial grid with a check valve function that opens when the indoor air becomes hot and the pressure inside the greenhouse rises, allowing the hot indoor air to be discharged to the outside, and closes when the pressure inside the greenhouse drops again.

10. In the first paragraph, the air duct A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that the air introduced from the outside and discharged through the air exhaust hole is installed at a height of 2 to 3 m from the greenhouse floor so that the air does not come into direct contact with the crops in the greenhouse and cause cold damage.

11. In the first paragraph, the air duct A greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that it further includes a sensor unit capable of detecting and controlling temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration inside the greenhouse.

12. In a greenhouse cultivation method having a cooling mode, a pest control mode and a ventilation mode, The above greenhouse cultivation method is a greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that it uses a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. In paragraph 12 In the above cooling mode, the axial fan and the pressurized pump are operated to cool the air inside the greenhouse. In the above control mode, the axial fan is stopped and the control agent delivered by the pressurized pump is supplied. A greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that in the above ventilation mode, the pressurizing pump is stopped and the axial fan is operated to bring in outside air and remove moisture from the greenhouse.

14. In paragraph 13, A greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that the operation of the cooling mode, the pest control mode, and the ventilation mode is controlled using a control unit.

15. In paragraph 13, A greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that when operating in the above pest control mode, ozone generated from an ozone generator is supplied to an evaporative water supply pipe through a venturi tube, dissolved in the evaporative water, and then sprayed onto crops through the evaporative water supply line to block pests.

16. In paragraph 13, A greenhouse cultivation method using a greenhouse cultivation system having an evaporative cooling function, characterized in that when operating in the above-mentioned pesticide mode, the pesticide stored in the pesticide tank is supplied and sprayed onto crops through the evaporative water supply line.

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