Large-size curved surface component shaping fixture and use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material shaping fixtures. Disclosed are a large-size curved surface component shaping fixture and a use method. The large-size curved surface component shaping fixture comprises a shaping assembly and an end pressing plate arranged on the shaping assembly; the shaping assembly comprises a first shaping plate, a second shaping plate, and a third shaping plate which are connected in sequence; the first shaping plate, the second shaping plate, and the third shaping plate are respectively provided with a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot; the first slot, the second slot, and the third slot are communicated in sequence to form a component slot; and the end pressing plate and the third shape shaping plate are oppositely arranged. According to the present invention, the structure is simple, a combined fixture structure is used, and such a design method not only improves the machinability of a complex profile of a fixture and facilitates assembling and disassembling, but also enhances the convenience of transportation and operation, and effectively reduces manufacturing costs.

Description

A large-size curved component profiling tool and its use method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material shaping tooling, and in particular to a shaping tooling for a large-size curved surface component and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic-based composites (CMCs) are a new class of thermally integrated materials that combine the performance advantages of metals, ceramics, and carbon materials. They offer high-temperature resistance, low density, high specific strength, high specific modulus, oxidation resistance, ablation resistance, and resistance to catastrophic failure. They are widely used in the fields of machinery, aerospace, nuclear power, and energy. CMC products are assembled from individual parts of varying shapes, making the component fabrication process crucial to the final product's assembly.

[0003] The preparation of ceramic-based composites (CMCs) requires chemical vapor infiltration (CVI), which offers the following advantages: 1) a wide range of applications, enabling the formation of a single, high-purity, high-density matrix or multiple alternating or dispersed matrices to produce a wide range of CMCs; 2) low preparation temperatures, enabling the formation of high-melting-point ceramic materials at relatively low reaction temperatures; 3) minimal mechanical damage to the fibers; virtually no pressure is applied to the preform during CVI preparation, meaning the fibers experience little or no mechanical stress during the CVI process; and 4) net-shape formation, facilitating the preparation of large and complex-shaped CMC components. Currently, CVI technology has become the most advanced foundational manufacturing technology for CMCs and is widely used in the preparation of various CMCs.

[0004] Currently, the use of this technology to produce large, curved, thin-walled components is prone to deformation due to stress concentration. This deformation can lead to the inability to assemble the component or even its immediate scrapping. Furthermore, controlling the density uniformity of these components during chemical vapor infiltration is difficult, and uneven density can affect the component's ultimate mechanical properties.

[0005] Controlling the deformation of large-sized curved components is even more difficult, and the probability of deformation of this type of component is extremely high. The existing profiling tooling for large-sized curved components wraps the component as a whole, and the surface exposure of the component is low, which not only affects processing efficiency but also makes stress concentration more likely to occur. Therefore, controlling the deformation of this type of component is particularly important.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-size curved component profiling tool and a method of use to solve the problem that the existing profiling tool covers the component as a whole, resulting in poor deposition uniformity, local stress concentration, and component deformation.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0009] A large-size curved component profiling tool, which includes a profiling component and an end pressing plate arranged on the profiling component; the profiling component includes a first profiling plate, a second profiling plate and a third profiling plate connected in sequence, and the first profiling plate, the second profiling plate and the third profiling plate are respectively provided with a first card slot, a second card slot and a third card slot, and the first card slot, the second card slot and the third card slot are connected in sequence to form a component card slot; the end pressing plate is arranged opposite to the third profiling plate, and the end pressing plate includes a pressing end and a connecting end, and support columns are vertically arranged on both sides of the third card slot, the bottom end of the support column is connected to the third profiling plate, and the top end of the support column is connected to the pressing end; the connecting end is detachably connected to the third profiling plate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the two ends of the component are respectively set at an inclination angle, and the first, second, and third correction plates are connected in sequence. At this time, the first, second, and third slots are connected in sequence. The component is clamped in the component slot, and the support column is then installed so that the end pressing plate covers the component. At this time, the component is fixed in the component slot. The structure of the present invention is simple and adopts a modular tooling structure. This design method not only facilitates the machinability of complex tooling surfaces, facilitates armoring and disassembly, and improves the convenience of transportation and operation, but also effectively reduces the preparation cost.

[0011] Furthermore, the first shaping plate includes a corner plate and a vertical plate and a horizontal plate that are vertically connected to each other. The corner plate is arranged at an angle, and the two ends of the corner plate are respectively connected to the vertical plate and the horizontal plate. The first slot is opened on the connecting surface of the vertical plate, the corner plate and the horizontal plate; a weight-reducing through hole is formed between the angle of the corner plate and the vertical plate and the horizontal plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom side walls at the connection between the first and second proofreading plates are respectively provided with first connecting bosses, and the bottom side walls at the connection between the second and third proofreading plates are respectively provided with second connecting bosses, and the two first connecting bosses and the second connecting bosses are respectively connected by first fasteners.

[0013] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are: this technical solution is equipped with angle plates according to the shape of the component, and the angle plates play the role of fixing the component. The angle plates are used in conjunction with the vertical plates and horizontal plates to increase the exposed area of ​​the component. Under the premise of ensuring the correction effect, the component use position is not blocked, which effectively improves the material deposition efficiency, shortens the component preparation cycle, reduces economic costs, can significantly improve the subsequent deposition uniformity, and significantly control the deformation of the component.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the first fasteners is 2, and the two first fasteners are provided with first positioning pins.

[0015] Furthermore, the end pressing plate and the third shaping plate are respectively provided with embedding grooves for embedding the support columns.

[0016] Furthermore, second positioning pins are provided at both ends of the support column to connect the end pressing plate and the third shaping plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: after the bottom end of the support column is embedded in the embedding groove of the third sizing plate, the end pressing plate is buckled on the component, and the top end of the support column is embedded in the embedding groove of the end pressing plate. Second positioning pins are respectively installed on the end pressing plate and the third sizing plate. After the end pressing plate contacts and presses the component, the end pressing plate is connected to the third sizing plate. According to the shape of the component, this technical solution sets the end pressing plate and the first sizing plate to fix the inclination angle of the component, which can prevent the component from being displaced and detached from the component slot.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting end and the third profile correction plate are respectively provided with third connecting bosses arranged opposite to each other, and the two third connecting bosses are connected by a second fastener.

[0019] Furthermore, the width and depth ratios of the first card slot, the second card slot and the third card slot are 5-10:5-15 mm.

[0020] A method for using the above-mentioned large-size curved surface component profiling tool is characterized by comprising:

[0021] S1: Align the connections between the first card slot, the second card slot, and the third card slot, and connect the first correction plate, the second correction plate, and the third correction plate in sequence;

[0022] S2: clamping the component in the first card slot, the second card slot, and the third card slot, and detecting the gap between the component and each card slot;

[0023] S3: First, connect the support column to the third calibrating plate, press the end pressing plate to the component, then connect the pressing end to the support column, and connect the connecting end to the third calibrating plate;

[0024] S4: Place the tooling and components into a chemical vapor deposition furnace.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S2, graphite paper is provided on the contact points between the first card slot, the second card slot, the third card slot, the end pressing plate and the component to prevent adhesion.

[0026] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are: because the component has curved surface characteristics, there are both open angles and closed angles at the position of the curved surface in the same direction, which leads to the component slot of the tooling, that is, there are certain difficulties in the accessibility of the surface processing. For the open surface, this type of tooling is processed according to the component surface contour and its usage tolerance. For the surface with a closed angle position, the surface is designed to be perpendicular to the bottom surface of the tooling. Its use requirements are the same as the open position, and graphite paper needs to be placed at this position during use. This not only improves the processing accessibility of the component, but also prevents the component from being deformed and causing the tooling to be unusable.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The present invention has a simple structure and adopts a modular tooling structure. This design method is not only conducive to the machinability of complex tooling surfaces, convenient for armoring and disassembly, but also improves the convenience of transportation and operation, while effectively reducing the preparation cost.

[0029] (2) Under the premise of ensuring the correction effect, the present invention does not block the use position of the component, effectively improves the deposition efficiency of the material, shortens the component preparation cycle, reduces the economic cost, can significantly improve the subsequent deposition uniformity, and significantly control the deformation of the component.

[0030] (3) The present invention processes the open profile according to the profile contour and usage tolerance of the component. For the profile with a closed angle position, the profile is designed to be perpendicular to the bottom surface of the tooling. Its usage requirements are the same as the open position, and graphite paper needs to be placed at this position during use. This not only improves the processing accessibility of the component, but also prevents the component from being deformed and causing the tooling to be unusable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-scale curved surface component profiling tool according to the present invention;

[0032] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a component slot of the present invention;

[0033] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first profile plate of the present invention;

[0034] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the end pressing plate of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-end pressing plate; 101-pressing end; 102-connecting end; 21-first correction plate; 22-second correction plate; 23-third correction plate; 201-first slot; 211-angle plate; 212-vertical plate; 213-horizontal plate; 214-weight-reducing through hole; 202-second slot; 203-third slot; 3-support column; 401-first connecting boss; 402-second connecting boss; 403-first fastener; 404-first positioning pin; 405-second positioning pin; 501-third connecting boss; 502-second fastener; 6-component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1, a large-size curved component profiling tool, which includes a profiling component and an end pressing plate 1 set on the profiling component. After the component 6 is placed on the profiling component, the end pressing plate 1 is installed so that the end pressing plate 1 is buckled on the component 6.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2, the shape proofing component includes a first shape proofing plate 21, a second shape proofing plate 22 and a third shape proofing plate 23 connected in sequence, and the first groove 201, the second groove 202 and the third groove 203 are respectively provided on the first shape proofing plate 21, the second shape proofing plate 22 and the third shape proofing plate 23, and the first groove 201, the second groove 202 and the third groove 203 are connected in sequence to form a component groove. The width and depth ratio of the first groove 201, the second groove 202 and the third groove 203 is 5-10:5-15mm. The first shape proofing plate 21, the second shape proofing plate 22 and the third shape proofing plate 23 are connected in sequence, at this time the first groove 201, the second groove 202 and the third groove 203 are connected in sequence, the component 6 is clamped in the component groove, and then the support column 3 is installed so that the end pressing plate 1 covers the component 6, and now the component 6 is fixed in the component groove. The present invention has a simple structure and adopts a combined tooling structure. This design method is not only beneficial to the machinability of complex tooling surfaces, facilitates armoring and disassembly, and improves the convenience of transportation and operation, but also effectively reduces the preparation cost.

[0039] Referring to Figure 3 , the first profiling plate 21 includes an angled plate 211, a vertical plate 212, and a horizontal plate 213 connected perpendicularly to each other. The angled plate 211 is tilted, with its ends connected to the vertical plate 212 and the horizontal plate 213, respectively. A weight-reducing through-hole 214 is formed at the angle between the angled plate 211, the vertical plate 212, and the horizontal plate 213. When the angled plate 211 is connected to the vertical plate 212 and the horizontal plate 213, an angled connection surface is formed between the angled plate 211, the vertical plate 212, and the horizontal plate 213. One end of the first slot 201 extends to the vertical plate 212, and the other end of the first slot 201 sequentially passes through the angled plate 211 and the horizontal plate 213. The horizontal plate 213 is connected to the second profiling plate 22, and the first slot 201 communicates with the second slot 202. This technical solution is provided with an angle plate 211 according to the shape of the component 6. The angle plate 211 plays the role of fixing the component 6. The angle plate 211 is used in conjunction with the vertical plate 212 and the horizontal plate 213 to increase the exposed area of ​​the component 6. Under the premise of ensuring the correction effect, the use position of the component 6 is not blocked, which effectively improves the deposition efficiency of the material, shortens the preparation cycle of the component 6, reduces the economic cost, and can significantly improve the subsequent deposition uniformity, and can effectively control the deformation of the component 6.

[0040] The bottom sidewalls of the connection between the first proofreading plate 21 and the second proofreading plate 22 are respectively provided with a first connecting boss 401, and the bottom sidewalls of the connection between the second proofreading plate 22 and the third proofreading plate 23 are respectively provided with a second connecting boss 402. The two first connecting bosses 401 and the second connecting bosses 402 are respectively connected by first fasteners 403. The number of first fasteners 403 is 2, and a first locating pin 404 is provided between the two first fasteners 403. In this embodiment, the first fasteners 403 are bolts, and the first fasteners 403 are respectively connected with nuts at both ends after connecting the corresponding first connecting bosses 401 and second connecting bosses 402. Under the premise of ensuring the proofreading effect, the use position of the component 6 is not blocked, which effectively improves the deposition efficiency of the material, shortens the preparation cycle of the component 6, reduces the economic cost, can significantly improve the uniformity of subsequent deposition, and can effectively control the deformation of the component 6.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 4. The end pressing plate 1 is arranged opposite to the third molding plate 23. The end pressing plate 1 includes a pressing end 101 and a connecting end 102. Support columns 3 are vertically arranged on both sides of the third slot 203. The bottom end of the support column 3 is connected to the third molding plate 23, and the top end of the support column 3 is connected to the pressing end 101; the connecting end 102 is detachably connected to the third molding plate 23. Embedding grooves for embedding the support column 3 are respectively provided on the end pressing plate 1 and the third molding plate 23. Second positioning pins 405 of the connecting end 102 pressing plate 1 and the third molding plate 23 are respectively provided at both ends of the support column 3. After the bottom end of the support column 3 is embedded in the embedding groove of the third molding plate 23, the end pressing plate 1 is buckled on the component 6, and the top end of the support column 3 is embedded in the embedding groove of the end pressing plate 1. The second positioning pin 405 is installed on the end pressing plate 1 and the third molding plate 23 respectively. After the end pressing plate 1 is in contact and pressed with the component 6, the end pressing plate 1 is connected to the third molding plate 23. According to the shape of the component 6, the end pressing plate 1 and the first molding plate 21 are provided to fix the inclination angle of the component 6, which can prevent the component 6 from being displaced and detached from the component slot.

[0042] The connecting end 102 and the third shaping plate 23 are respectively provided with third connecting bosses 501 arranged opposite to each other. The two third connecting bosses 501 are connected by a second fastener 502. In this embodiment, the second fastener 502 is a bolt.

[0043] A method for using the above-mentioned large-size curved surface component profiling tool comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: Align the connections between the first card slot 201, the second card slot 202 and the third card slot 203, and connect the first correction plate 21, the second correction plate 22 and the third correction plate 23 in sequence;

[0045] S2: The component 6 is clamped in the first clamping slot 201, the second clamping slot 202 and the third clamping slot 203, and a 0.5 mm feeler gauge is used to check the gap between the component 6 and each clamping slot;

[0046] S3: First, connect the support column 3 to the third shaping plate 23, press the end pressing plate 1 to the component 6, then connect the pressing end 101 to the support column 3, and connect the connecting end 102 to the third shaping plate 23;

[0047] S4: Use a three-coordinate measuring machine to detect the surface dimensions of component 6. The outer contour tolerance requirement is: ±0.2mm. Adjust the assembly gap between the tooling and component 6 based on the actual test results. After ensuring that the design requirements are met, place the tooling and component 6 together in the chemical vapor deposition furnace.

[0048] In step S2, the first slot 201, the second slot 202, the third slot 203, the end press plate 1 and the contact point of the component 6 are padded with graphite paper for preventing adhesion. The open profile of the first slot 201, the second slot 202, the third slot 203 and the end press plate 1 is padded with a layer of 1mm graphite paper, and the closed angle position profile is padded with 5mm graphite paper. Because the component 6 has a curved surface feature, the same direction curved surface has both open angles and closed angles, which leads to a certain difficulty in the tool slot, that is, the accessibility of the surface processing. For the open profile, this school tool is processed according to the profile profile and its use tolerance of the component 6. For the profile with a closed angle position, the profile is designed to be perpendicular to the bottom surface of the tool. Its use requirements are the same as the open position, and graphite paper needs to be padded at this position during use. This not only improves the processing accessibility of the component 6, but also prevents the deformation of the component 6 from causing the tool to be unusable.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-size curved component profiling tool, characterized in that: include: A shaping component and an end pressing plate (1) arranged on the shaping component; The shape correction component comprises a first shape correction plate (21), a second shape correction plate (22) and a third shape correction plate (23) which are connected in sequence; the first shape correction plate (21), the second shape correction plate (22) and the third shape correction plate (23) are respectively provided with a first card slot (201), a second card slot (202) and a third card slot (203); the first card slot (201), the second card slot (202) and the third card slot (203) are connected in sequence to form a component card slot; The end pressing plate (1) is arranged opposite to the third shaping plate (23), and the end pressing plate (1) comprises a pressing end (101) and a connecting end (102). Support columns (3) are vertically arranged on both sides of the third slot (203), the bottom end of the support column (3) is connected to the third shaping plate (23), and the top end of the support column (3) is connected to the pressing end (101); the connecting end (102) is detachably connected to the third shaping plate (23).

2. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first correction plate (21) comprises an angle plate (211) and a vertical plate (212) and a horizontal plate (213) which are vertically connected to each other. The angle plate (211) is arranged obliquely. Two ends of the angle plate (211) are respectively connected to the vertical plate (212) and the horizontal plate (213). The first clamping groove (201) is provided on the connecting surfaces of the vertical plate (212), the angle plate (211) and the horizontal plate (213); and a weight-reducing through hole (214) is formed between the angle plate (211) and the vertical plate (212) and the horizontal plate (213).

3. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom side walls of the connection between the first alignment plate (21) and the second alignment plate (22) are respectively provided with a first connection boss (401), and the bottom side walls of the connection between the second alignment plate (22) and the third alignment plate (23) are respectively provided with a second connection boss (402), and the two first connection bosses (401) and the second connection bosses (402) are respectively connected by a first fastener (403).

4. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The number of the first fasteners (403) is 2, and the two first fasteners (403) are provided with first positioning pins (404).

5. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end pressing plate (1) and the third shaping plate (23) are respectively provided with embedding grooves for embedding the support column (3).

6. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Second positioning pins (405) for connecting the end pressing plate (1) and the third shaping plate (23) are respectively provided at both ends of the support column (3).

7. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection end (102) and the third profile correction plate (23) are respectively provided with third connection bosses (501) arranged opposite to each other, and the two third connection bosses (501) are connected via a second fastener (502).

8. The large-size curved component profiling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The ratio of width to depth of the first card slot (201), the second card slot (202) and the third card slot (203) is 5-10:5-15 mm.

9. A method for using the large-size curved component profiling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Align the connection points between the first card slot (201), the second card slot (202) and the third card slot (203), and sequentially connect the first shape correction plate (21), the second shape correction plate (22) and the third shape correction plate (23); S2: clamping the component in the first clamping slot (201), the second clamping slot (202) and the third clamping slot (203), and detecting the gap between the component and each clamping slot; S3: firstly connect the support column (3) to the third profile-correcting plate (23), press the end pressing plate (1) to the component, then connect the pressing end (101) to the support column (3), and connect the connecting end (102) to the third profile-correcting plate (23); S4: Put the tooling and components into the chemical vapor deposition furnace.

10. According to the method for using the large-size curved component profiling tooling according to claim 9, in step S2, the first card slot (201), the second card slot (202), the third card slot (203), and the contact points between the end clamping plate (1) and the component are respectively padded with graphite paper for preventing adhesion.

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