Base station antenna system

Abstract

Provided in the present application is a base station antenna system, comprising: an antenna module, which is used for receiving or transmitting a wireless signal; and a sensing module, which sensing module comprises a first air pressure measurement module, wherein the first air pressure measurement module is used for measuring a first air pressure of the location of the antenna system. The first air pressure and a second air pressure are used for calculating the mounting height of the antenna module, and the second air pressure is the air pressure of the location of a monitoring terminal. In the base station antenna system, the mounting height of the base station antenna system can be accurately measured, which facilitates the maintenance and management of the base station antenna system.

Description

Base station antenna system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on June 30, 2023, with application number 202310801000.0 and application name “Base Station Antenna System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of mobile communications, and more particularly, to a base station antenna system. Background Art

[0003] Currently, after deploying base station antenna systems in actual scenarios, if parameters such as the antenna height are obtained and maintained manually, there will be problems such as large workload, low efficiency, large human errors, and long collection cycles.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a base station antenna system, which is beneficial for operators to manage the base station antenna system.

[0006] In a first aspect, a base station antenna system is provided, comprising: an antenna module for receiving or sending wireless signals; a sensing module, the sensing module comprising a first air pressure measurement module, the first air pressure measurement module being used to measure a first air pressure at a location where the antenna module is located, the first air pressure and the second air pressure being used to calculate a hanging height of the antenna module, and the second air pressure being the air pressure at a location where a monitoring terminal is located.

[0007] It should be understood that the hanging height of the antenna module may refer to the vertical absolute height difference between the antenna module and the location of the monitoring terminal.

[0008] In this embodiment, the antenna module's height is calculated based on the pressure difference between the first and second air pressures. This calculation is unaffected by factors such as altitude and is therefore relatively accurate. Furthermore, this solution eliminates the need for manual measurement of the antenna module's height and enables real-time monitoring and maintenance of parameters such as antenna height, facilitating operator management of base station antenna systems.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the antenna module is installed on an antenna tower, and the antenna tower is fixed on the ground, wherein the distance between the monitoring terminal and the orthographic projection of the antenna module on the ground is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the height between the monitoring terminal and the ground is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the antenna module is installed on an antenna tower, the antenna tower is fixed on a building, the building is fixed on the ground, the distance between the monitoring terminal and the orthographic projection of the antenna module on the ground is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the height between the monitoring terminal and the ground is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the distance between the antenna module and the monitoring terminal on the horizontal plane is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the height between the monitoring terminal and the ground is less than or equal to a second preset value, which can ensure the accuracy of the calculated hanging height of the antenna module.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the antenna module and the sensing module are connected by wire via an AISG interface of the Antenna Interface Standards Organization.

[0013] In this embodiment of the present application, the antenna module can power the sensing module via the AISG interface, and the antenna module and the sensing module can also communicate data via the AISG interface. This facilitates the sensing module to transmit data such as the first air pressure, facilitating operator management of the base station antenna system. Furthermore, utilizing the antenna module's AISG interface for a wired connection to the sensing module reduces the deployment cost of the sensing module.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module includes a first wireless backhaul module, and the first wireless backhaul module is used to perform wireless data transmission between the perception module and the antenna module.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, the sensing module can also transmit data through the first wireless backhaul module, which is beneficial for the sensing module to return data such as the first air pressure, and is beneficial for the operator to manage the base station antenna system.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the monitoring terminal includes a second wireless backhaul module, and the second wireless backhaul module is used to perform wireless data transmission between the monitoring terminal and the antenna module.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the monitoring terminal can perform data transmission through the second wireless backhaul module, which is beneficial for the monitoring terminal to return the second air pressure and other data, and is beneficial for the operator to manage the base station antenna system.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the antenna module is disposed in a radome, and the sensing module is disposed in the radome.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present application, the sensing module may be disposed in a radome, which may protect the sensing module and prevent the sensing module from being affected by the outside world.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module further includes a light-emitting device, which is configured to emit visible light, and the visible light is used to identify the operator to which the antenna module belongs.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, the visible light built into the sensing module can identify the operator to which the antenna module belongs, making it easier to maintain the assets of a certain operator.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module further includes any one or more of the following sensors: an infrared sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present application, any one or more of the above-mentioned sensors can be used to monitor the working environment and working status of the antenna module to see if there are any abnormalities, and can also be used to detect the azimuth angle, downtilt angle or roll angle of the antenna module, which is beneficial for the maintenance and repair of the base station antenna system.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module further includes a global navigation satellite system, and the global navigation satellite system is used to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the antenna module or the altitude of the location of the antenna module.

[0025] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the base station antenna system further includes the monitoring terminal.

[0026] Optionally, the monitoring terminal includes a second air pressure measurement module, and the second air pressure measurement module is used to measure a second air pressure at the location where the monitoring terminal is located.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the base station antenna system further includes a hanging height calculation module, and the hanging height calculation module is used to calculate the hanging height of the antenna module according to the first air pressure and the second air pressure.

[0028] In the second aspect, a base station antenna system is provided, including: an antenna module for receiving or sending wireless signals; a sensing module, the sensing module including a first air pressure measurement module, the first air pressure measurement module being used to measure a first air pressure at the location of the antenna module, the sensing module also including a global navigation satellite system, the global navigation satellite system being used to obtain the altitude of the location of the antenna module, the first air pressure and the altitude being used to calculate the hanging height of the antenna module.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna module's mounting height may also refer to the altitude of the location where the antenna module is located. However, the measurement error of altitude is large, and the altitude obtained by each measurement may be different. In this case, even if the altitude is measured multiple times and then averaged, the accuracy and consistency of the mounting height cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the altitude obtained by direct measurement cannot be used as the mounting height of the antenna module.

[0030] When the hanging height of the antenna module refers to the altitude of the location where the antenna module is located, an embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna system, and the sensing module may include a first air pressure measurement module and a global satellite navigation system, so that the altitude of the antenna module measured by the global satellite navigation system can be corrected by the first air pressure, and the hanging height of the antenna of the base station antenna system can be obtained more accurately and conveniently, which is conducive to the maintenance and management of the base station antenna system.

[0031] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the antenna module and the sensing module are connected by wire via an AISG interface of the Antenna Interface Standards Organization.

[0032] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module includes a first wireless backhaul module, and the first wireless backhaul module is used to perform wireless data transmission between the perception module and the antenna module.

[0033] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the antenna module is disposed in a radome, and the sensing module is disposed in the radome.

[0034] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module further includes a light-emitting device, which is configured to emit visible light, and the visible light is used to identify the operator to which the antenna module belongs.

[0035] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the perception module further includes any one or more of the following sensors: an infrared sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perception module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one", "one or more" refer to one, two or more. The term "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist; for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and subsequent associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0045] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0046] To facilitate understanding, some concepts related to the embodiments of the present application are introduced below.

[0047] Antenna height: This generally refers to the vertical distance of an antenna from the ground. Antenna height generally affects its performance. For example, in radio communications, antenna height can affect signal transmission and reception quality. The higher the antenna is from the ground, the wider its coverage area, but it will also be affected by stronger winds, requiring a more secure installation.

[0048] Azimuth: The azimuth of an antenna refers to the angle between the direction the antenna is pointing and due north. For example, when the antenna is pointing due north, its azimuth is 0 degrees; when the antenna is pointing due east, its azimuth is 90 degrees.

[0049] Downtilt: The downtilt angle of an antenna is the angle at which it points toward the ground. This angle is typically set to optimally align the antenna with the desired coverage area. For example, in satellite communications, the downtilt angle is typically set to optimize the antenna's reception of satellite signals.

[0050] Roll angle: The roll angle of an antenna refers to the rotation angle of the antenna in the horizontal plane. This angle is usually used to adjust the direction of the antenna to better align it with the target.

[0051] Antenna parameters such as height, azimuth, downtilt, and roll angle determine the signal quality and coverage range of the antenna. To improve wireless signal quality and expand coverage, antennas are typically mounted at higher heights. Manually acquiring and maintaining these antenna parameters can be labor-intensive, inefficient, prone to human error, require long acquisition cycles, and hinder real-time monitoring of antenna status. Furthermore, after deployment, it's difficult to identify which antenna belongs to which operator and to determine whether the antenna's operating environment is sufficiently safe.

[0052] An embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna system, which can obtain parameters such as the antenna's hanging height in real time with high accuracy.

[0053] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the base station antenna system 100 includes an antenna module 110 , a remote radio unit (RRU) 120 , a sensing module 130 , and a monitoring terminal 140 .

[0054] The antenna module 110 may be, for example, a multi-frequency antenna system. The antenna module 110 may include multiple antennas, each of which may receive or transmit signals in different frequency bands. It may simultaneously support multiple radio signals, such as LTE, WiFi, and the like.

[0055] The RRU 120 is a radio device responsible for converting digital signals into radio frequency signals and sending them to the antenna for communication with user equipment. The RRU 120 is typically installed near the antenna and connected to the antenna module 110 via a radio frequency coaxial cable to reduce signal transmission loss and delay.

[0056] In some embodiments, base station antenna system 100 may also include an indoor baseband unit (BBU). The BBU is typically installed in an equipment room and primarily performs functions such as channel encoding and decoding, baseband signal modulation and demodulation, and protocol processing. The BBU is typically connected to RRU 120 via optical fiber to transmit baseband digital signals.

[0057] Sensing module 130 includes a first air pressure measurement module for measuring the atmospheric pressure at the location where sensing module 130 is located. By installing sensing module 130 near antenna module 110, sensing module 130 can measure a first air pressure at the location where antenna module 110 is located. Monitoring terminal 140 includes a second air pressure measurement module for measuring the atmospheric pressure at the location where monitoring terminal 140 is located. By installing monitoring terminal 140 near the ground, sensing module 130 can measure a second air pressure near the ground.

[0058] The first air pressure and the second air pressure are used to calculate the height of the antenna module 110, that is, the absolute height difference between the antenna system and the ground. Specifically, the height difference between the antenna module 110 and the monitoring terminal 140, that is, the height of the antenna module 110, can be estimated by the air pressure difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure. For example, the height of the antenna module 110 can be calculated according to the following empirical formula: H = (RTgM) × ln (P1P2)

[0059] Among them, H is the hanging height, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature, g is the acceleration due to gravity, M is the molar mass of air molecules, P1 is the first air pressure, and P2 is the second air pressure.

[0060] In some embodiments, the base station antenna system may further include a height calculation module configured to calculate the height of the antenna module 110 based on the first air pressure and the second air pressure. For example, the height calculation module may communicate with the sensing module 130 and the monitoring terminal 140 to obtain the first air pressure and the second air pressure, and then calculate the height of the antenna module 110 based on the pressure difference between the first air pressure and the second air pressure.

[0061] It should be noted that in order to ensure the accuracy of the hanging height calculation, the distance between the monitoring terminal 140 and the antenna module 110 on the horizontal plane can be less than or equal to the first preset value, that is, the distance between the orthographic projection of the antenna module 110 on the ground and the monitoring terminal 140 is less than or equal to the first preset value.

[0062] It should be noted that installing the monitoring terminal 140 near the ground can be understood as the height between the monitoring terminal 140 and the ground being less than or equal to the second preset value.

[0063] It should be noted that the sensing module 130 being installed near the antenna module 110 can be understood as the distance between the sensing module 130 and the antenna module 110 being less than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0064] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first preset value and second preset value are default values ​​or values ​​determined based on experience. For example, the above-mentioned first preset value and second preset value are 5 meters and 2 meters respectively. Measuring the antenna height within this range is relatively accurate, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present application, to determine whether the real-time acquired hanging height data is accurate, before acquiring the hanging height data, a determination may be made as to whether the horizontal distance between the monitoring terminal 140 and the antenna module 110 is less than or equal to a first preset value. For example, the sensing module 130 may acquire the position information of the antenna module 110 in real time, and the monitoring terminal 140 may acquire its own position information in real time. Combining the position information of the two, a determination is made as to whether the horizontal distance between the monitoring terminal 140 and the antenna module 110 is less than or equal to the first preset value. If the horizontal distance between the two is less than or equal to the first preset value, the hanging height may be calculated using the first and second air pressures.

[0066] In one possible scenario, when deploying a base station antenna system, the antenna height does not refer to the height of the antenna from the ground. For example, after consultation with the operator, it is determined that the antenna height refers to the height of the antenna from a certain horizontal plane. To measure this height, a sensing module can be placed near the antenna, and a monitoring terminal can be placed at the height of the horizontal plane. In other words, embodiments of the present application allow for flexible deployment of monitoring terminals to measure the actual antenna height.

[0067] It should be understood that the monitoring terminal 140 can be a mobile terminal or a handheld terminal, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the monitoring terminal 140. For example, the monitoring terminal 140 can be a portable electronic device that also includes other functions such as a personal digital assistant and / or a music player, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wearable electronic device with wireless communication function (such as a smart watch), etc. Exemplary embodiments of portable electronic devices include but are not limited to devices equipped with Or a portable electronic device with other operating systems. The portable electronic device may also be other portable electronic devices, such as a laptop computer. It should also be understood that in some other embodiments, the electronic device may not be a portable electronic device, but a desktop computer.

[0068] It should be understood that the monitoring terminal can be part of the base station antenna system. For example, the monitoring terminal can be located in a machine room near the base station antenna system, or in a ground-level portion of an antenna tower where antenna module 110 is located. Alternatively, the monitoring terminal may not be part of the base station antenna system, but the base station antenna system can obtain the second air pressure at the location of the monitoring terminal. For example, a request message can be sent to the monitoring terminal to request measurement data of the second air pressure.

[0069] It should be understood that the air pressure sensor or air pressure measurement module in the embodiment of the present application can be, for example, a barometer, a differential pressure gauge, or other device that can measure atmospheric pressure. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of air pressure sensor.

[0070] In one possible scenario, the hanging height of the antenna module 110 may also refer to the altitude of the location where the antenna module 110 is located. However, the measurement error of the altitude is large, and the altitude obtained by each measurement may be different. In this case, even if the altitude is measured multiple times and then averaged, the accuracy and consistency of the hanging height cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the altitude obtained by direct measurement cannot be used as the hanging height of the antenna module 110. In the case where the hanging height of the antenna module 110 refers to the altitude of the location where the antenna module 110 is located, an embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna system that can more accurately and conveniently obtain the hanging height of the antenna of the base station antenna system, which is beneficial for the maintenance and management of the base station antenna system.

[0071] In some embodiments, the sensing module 130 may also be provided with a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), such as a global positioning system (GPS). The global navigation satellite system can be used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the location of the antenna module 110, thereby obtaining the altitude of the location of the antenna module 110. Exemplarily, the global navigation satellite system may be, for example, a GPS signal receiver. The distance between the receiver and the satellite is calculated using the satellite signal received by the GPS signal receiver, and then the position of the satellite in space is determined based on the orbital parameters and clock error of the satellite. Then, based on the error correction such as the receiver's clock error and atmospheric delay, the coordinates of the receiver in the spatial rectangular coordinate system are solved, and finally converted into the longitude and latitude and altitude in the geographic coordinate system, that is, the three-dimensional coordinates of the antenna module 110.

[0072] As is well known, there is a corresponding relationship between air pressure and altitude, that is, the higher the altitude, the lower the air pressure. Therefore, embodiments of the present application can also use the air pressure at the location of the antenna module 110 to estimate the altitude of the antenna module 110. As described above, the sensing module 130 includes a first air pressure measurement module for measuring the atmospheric pressure at the location of the sensing module 130. By installing the sensing module 130 near the antenna module 110, the sensing module 130 can measure the first air pressure at the location of the antenna module 110. The altitude of the location of the antenna module 110 can also be obtained through the first air pressure.

[0073] It should be noted that the variation in air pressure data measured at the same location is generally small, meaning that the error range of the altitude data obtained by converting air pressure is generally small. However, the altitude obtained by converting air pressure is easily affected by factors such as temperature, humidity, and weather, and cannot be used as the hanging height of the antenna module 110.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, the altitude data of the location of the antenna module 110 obtained by the global satellite navigation system is recorded as the first altitude data, and the altitude data of the location of the antenna module 110 obtained by converting the first air pressure is recorded as the second altitude data. Among them, the error range of the first altitude data is larger, while the error range of the second altitude data is smaller. In an embodiment of the present application, the first altitude data can be corrected by the second altitude data, thereby obtaining a more accurate and consistent hanging height of the antenna module 110. In other words, the embodiment of the present application can use the first air pressure to correct the altitude obtained by the global satellite navigation system, thereby obtaining a more accurate and consistent hanging height of the antenna module 110.

[0075] For example, the first altitude data has a minimum altitude of 975 meters and a maximum altitude of 1025 meters, while the second altitude data has a minimum altitude of 990 meters and a maximum altitude of 1000 meters. Data less than 990 meters and greater than 1000 meters are removed from the first altitude data, and the remaining data are averaged to determine the height of the antenna module 110.

[0076] In some embodiments, the sensing module 130 may also be provided with a temperature sensor for obtaining the ambient temperature near the sensing module 130. Since air pressure is significantly affected by temperature, the present application may also use the ambient temperature to correct the first air pressure, and then use the corrected first air pressure to correct the altitude measured using a global satellite navigation system, thereby obtaining a more accurate and consistent hanging height of the antenna module 110.

[0077] It should be understood that the base station antenna system may not include the monitoring terminal 140. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the base station antenna system 100 may also include an antenna tower 150, on which the antenna module 110 may be mounted. Typically, the antenna tower 150 may be fixed to the top of a building to achieve a higher hanging height, thereby improving wireless signal quality and expanding wireless signal coverage.

[0078] By placing the monitoring terminal 140 near the ground, the second air pressure near the ground can be obtained; combined with the first air pressure obtained by the sensing module 130 placed near the antenna module 110, the hanging height of the antenna module 110 can be accurately calculated.

[0079] It should be understood that the hanging height of the antenna module 110 at this time is the vertical distance between the antenna module 110 and the ground (not the top of the building).

[0080] It should be understood that the building is fixed on the ground, and the top of the building has a certain height from the ground.

[0081] It should be understood that the building may be, for example, a man-made structure such as a building or a skyscraper, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0082] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating another application scenario of a base station antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, antenna module 110 can be mounted atop antenna tower 160. Unlike the embodiment shown in Figure 2, antenna tower 160 is inherently taller and is not fixed to the top of a building, but rather to the ground.

[0083] In this case, the monitoring terminal 140 is placed near the ground to obtain the second air pressure near the ground. Combined with the first air pressure obtained by the sensing module 130 placed near the antenna module 110, the hanging height of the antenna module 110 can be accurately calculated.

[0084] Typically, a machine room 170 may be provided near the antenna tower 160. The machine room 170 is used to house equipment such as a base station control unit, power supply, air conditioner, and BBU.

[0085] In some embodiments, the monitoring terminal 140 may be located inside the computer room 170 .

[0086] In some embodiments, the monitoring terminal 140 may also be fixed to a portion of the antenna tower 160 close to the ground.

[0087] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sensing module provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the sensing module may include a first air pressure measurement module, a light emitting module, a direction detection module, an environment detection module, and a first wireless backhaul module.

[0088] The first air pressure measurement module may include at least one air pressure sensor for measuring air pressure. By placing the sensing module 130 at the height where the antenna module 110 is located, the sensing module 130 may measure the air pressure at the location where the antenna module 110 is located.

[0089] It should be understood that the air pressure sensor may be, for example, a barometer, a differential pressure gauge, or other device that can measure atmospheric pressure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0090] The light-emitting module can emit visible light, which is used to identify the operator to which the antenna module 110 belongs. For example, the light-emitting module may include at least one light source, and by setting the number, color, or blinking pattern of the at least one light source, the operator to which the antenna module 110 belongs can be distinguished. For example, if the antenna module 110 belongs to operator A, the light-emitting module includes one light source; if the antenna module 110 belongs to operator B, the light-emitting module includes two light sources; or, if the antenna module 110 belongs to operator A, the light-emitting module may include a red light source to emit red light; if the antenna module 110 belongs to operator B, the light-emitting module may include a yellow light source to emit yellow light; or, if the antenna module 110 belongs to operator A, the light-emitting module may blink using a first blinking pattern; if the antenna module 110 belongs to operator B, the light-emitting module may blink using a second blinking pattern.

[0091] It should be understood that the light source may be, for example, a light emitting diode (LED), a neon lamp, a xenon lamp, a cold light source, or other light emitting device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the light source.

[0092] In some embodiments, the light emitting module may receive an instruction message from the monitoring terminal 140 , and the instruction message may instruct the light emitting module to emit visible light to identify the operator to which the antenna module 110 belongs.

[0093] The environment detection module may include but is not limited to infrared sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, acceleration sensors, gyroscopes and other devices, and is used to detect the working environment and working status of the antenna module 110.

[0094] Since base stations are usually built outdoors or on the rooftops of tall buildings, they are easily affected by the weather. For example, severe weather conditions such as storms and lightning can damage base station antennas. Wind and gravity can cause antenna displacement. The temperature in the wild varies greatly, which may cause the antenna to withstand excessive heat or cold, causing equipment components to fail. Animals may also approach the base station antenna and damage it.

[0095] The built-in infrared sensor in the sensing module can identify whether a creature is approaching the antenna. If so, it can send a warning message to inform the user that a creature is abnormally close to the antenna and may cause damage to the antenna. Alternatively, it can emit a sound to scare the creature away.

[0096] By building temperature sensors and humidity sensors into the sensing module, it is possible to identify whether the antenna's operating temperature and humidity are normal. If the temperature or humidity exceeds or falls below a certain set threshold, an early warning message will be sent back to inform the user of the temperature or humidity abnormality.

[0097] By building a gyroscope and acceleration sensor into the perception module, it is possible to identify whether the antenna is abnormally displaced. If the antenna is abnormally displaced, an early warning message can be sent back to inform the user that the antenna is abnormally displaced.

[0098] By building infrared sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, acceleration sensors, gyroscopes and other devices into the sensing module, the working environment and working status of the antenna can be monitored in real time. When a network failure occurs, the fault point can be found more quickly, thereby improving network security and reliability.

[0099] The orientation detection module may include, but is not limited to, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), an accelerometer, and a gyroscope. The GNSS can be used to determine the geographic location of the base station antenna system, or to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the antenna module 110 or the altitude of the location of the antenna module 110. The accelerometer and gyroscope can be used to determine the downtilt and roll angles of the antenna module 110.

[0100] It should be noted that the acceleration sensor, gyroscope and other devices in the orientation detection module can reuse the acceleration sensor, gyroscope and other devices in the environment detection module.

[0101] An accelerometer is a sensor that measures an object's acceleration. It detects changes in acceleration during motion and converts them into electrical signals. Common accelerometers include piezoelectric, capacitive, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). When the antenna is not tilted or rotated, a triaxial accelerometer only detects gravitational acceleration. When the antenna is tilted or rotated, gravitational acceleration is projected differently along the three axes. By measuring the acceleration components along the three axes, the antenna's downtilt and roll angles can be inversely determined.

[0102] A gyroscope is a device used to sense and maintain orientation based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum. A gyroscope primarily consists of a rotatable rotor located at an axis. Due to the rotor's angular momentum, once the gyroscope begins to rotate, it tends to resist changes in direction. Gyroscopes have two fundamental properties: fixed axis and precession. A gyroscope measures the downtilt and roll angles of an antenna by utilizing the gyroscope's fixed axis. By measuring the antenna's rotation angle relative to inertial space, the antenna's tilt and roll angles can be calculated.

[0103] In some embodiments, the GNSS can also be used to measure the azimuth of the antenna module 110. Specifically, the azimuth of the antenna module 110 is calculated by the double difference in the phase of the radio frequency signals received by two GNSSs at different locations. For example, the GNSS built into the sensing module 130 is recorded as the first GNSS, and the GNSS placed at another location is recorded as the second GNSS. The first GNSS and the second GNSS can receive signals from satellites and record the timestamps of when they receive the signals. Based on the difference between the propagation speeds of these signals and the timestamps, the distance from the satellite to the first GNSS and the second GNSS can be calculated. If the distance between the first GNSS and the second GNSS is known (can be measured or known in advance), the geometric relationship of the triangle can be used to calculate the position of the antenna module 110. The azimuth of the antenna module 110 is calculated using the position of the antenna module 110 and the positions of the GPS satellites at other locations.

[0104] The first wireless backhaul module may generally include components such as a SIM card and an antenna, may connect to a wireless network, and perform wireless data transmission with the antenna module 110 , thereby receiving control information or wireless backhaul measurement data and warning messages.

[0105] It should be noted that the control information may be, for example, a control message instructing the perception module 130 to perform measurement, or relevant control information for adjusting settings of the perception module.

[0106] In some embodiments, the sensing module 130 may not include the first wireless backhaul module, but may receive control information or wirelessly backhaul measurement data and warning messages through a cable.

[0107] It should be understood that the above-mentioned light emitting module, position detection module, environment detection module and wireless backhaul module are all optional modules.

[0108] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, antenna module 110 may include multiple antenna interfaces, and correspondingly, RRU 120 may include multiple radio frequency (RF) interfaces. Antenna module 110 and RRU 120 can communicate via the multiple antenna interfaces and the multiple RF interfaces.

[0109] The antenna module 110 may further include a plurality of antenna interface standards group (AISG) interfaces, which can be understood as a standard interface.

[0110] 5 , antenna module 110 may include AISG interface 1 and AISG interface 2, RRU 120 may include corresponding AISG interface 3, and sensing module 130 may include corresponding AISG interface 4. AISG interface 1 and AISG interface 4 are wired connected, and AISG interface 2 and AISG interface 3 are wired connected.

[0111] By connecting AISG interface 1 and AISG interface 4, antenna module 110 can supply power to sensing module 130. Specifically, the signal transmitted by the AISG interface may include an RF signal and a DC signal. The bias circuit provided in sensing module 130 can separate the RF signal and the DC signal to obtain the DC signal.

[0112] In this embodiment of the present application, after the sensing module 130 obtains the measurement data, it can use the first wireless backhaul module to wirelessly transmit the measurement data to the antenna module 110. The antenna module 110 can transmit the measurement data to the RRU 120 via AISG interface 2 and AISG interface 3. The RRU 120 then transmits the measurement data back to the server via optical fiber.

[0113] In some embodiments, after acquiring the measurement data, the sensing module 130 may also transmit the measurement data to the antenna module 110 via AISG interface 4 and AISG interface 1 via a wired transmission. For example, the measurement data may be carried in an on-off keying (OOK) signal. The antenna module 110 may transmit the measurement data via AISG interface 2 and AISG interface 3 via a wired transmission to the RRU 120. The RRU 120 then transmits the measurement data back to the server via optical fiber.

[0114] It should be noted that the server may be a server of the operator to which the antenna module 110 belongs.

[0115] It should be noted that if a solution of wired transmission of measurement data is selected, the sensing module 130 may be provided with a first wireless backhaul module or may not be provided with a first wireless backhaul module, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0116] It should be understood that the above-mentioned measurement data at least includes the first air pressure at the location where the antenna module 110 is located.

[0117] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application utilizes the AISG interface existing in the existing base station antenna system itself to power each module in the perception module 130 and to realize data transmission, which can maximize compatibility with the original base station antenna system, thereby reducing the deployment cost of the perception module.

[0118] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the sensing module 130 can be built into the interior of the antenna module 110. Specifically, the antenna module 110 may include a radome and at least one antenna, and the at least one antenna and the sensing module 130 are disposed within the radome. The antenna module 110 can power the sensing module 130 via the AISG interface, and the antenna module 110 and the sensing module 130 can transmit data or other information via the AISG interface.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, the sensing module 130 may be built into the antenna module 110 , which helps to prevent the sensing module from being affected by external factors.

[0120] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 8, the monitoring terminal 140 may include a second air pressure measurement module and a second wireless backhaul module.

[0121] The second air pressure measurement module may include at least one air pressure sensor for measuring atmospheric pressure. The air pressure sensor may be, for example, a barometer, a differential pressure gauge, or other device capable of measuring atmospheric pressure, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0122] The second wireless backhaul module may include, for example, a SIM card, an antenna, and other components, and may be connected to a wireless network. Wireless data transmission may be performed between the second wireless backhaul module and antenna module 110, thereby receiving control information or wirelessly transmitting measurement data. This measurement data may include, for example, a second air pressure at the location of monitoring terminal 140.

[0123] It should be noted that the measurement data may be transmitted through the antenna module 110 to a server of the operator to which the antenna module 110 belongs.

[0124] It should be noted that the control information may be, for example, control information instructing the monitoring terminal 140 to perform measurement, or control information related to adjusting settings of the monitoring terminal 140 .

[0125] In some embodiments, monitoring terminal 140 may not include a second wireless backhaul module, but may instead transmit measurement data and receive control information via a wired connection. For example, monitoring terminal 140 may be connected to a device such as a BBU to transmit measurement data back to a server of the operator to which antenna module 110 belongs.

[0126] It should be noted that the monitoring terminal 140 may also include components necessary for maintaining operation, such as a power supply, a battery, etc., and may also include components such as a display screen to facilitate user operation.

[0127] The above embodiments can be used alone or in combination with each other to achieve different technical effects.

[0128] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A base station antenna system, characterized in that: include: Antenna module, used for receiving or sending wireless signals; The sensing module includes a first air pressure measuring module, the first air pressure measuring module is used to measure the first air pressure at the location of the antenna module, the first air pressure and the second air pressure are used to calculate the hanging height of the antenna module, and the second air pressure is the air pressure at the location of the monitoring terminal.

2. The base station antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna module is installed on an antenna tower, and the antenna tower is fixed on the ground. The distance between the monitoring terminal and the orthographic projection of the antenna module on the ground is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the height between the monitoring terminal and the ground is less than or equal to a second preset value.

3. The base station antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna module is installed on an antenna tower, the antenna tower is fixed on a building, and the building is fixed on the ground. The distance between the monitoring terminal and the orthographic projection of the antenna module on the ground is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the height between the monitoring terminal and the ground is less than or equal to a second preset value.

4. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The antenna module and the sensing module are connected by wire via the AISG interface of the antenna interface standard organization.

5. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sensing module includes a first wireless backhaul module, which is used for wireless data transmission between the sensing module and the antenna module.

6. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The monitoring terminal includes a second wireless backhaul module, and the second wireless backhaul module is used for wireless data transmission between the monitoring terminal and the antenna module.

7. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The antenna module is arranged in the antenna cover, and the sensing module is arranged in the antenna cover.

8. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sensing module also includes a light emitting device, which is used to emit visible light, and the visible light is used to identify the operator to which the antenna module belongs.

9. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The sensing module also includes any one or more of the following sensors: an infrared sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

10. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The sensing module also includes a global navigation satellite system, and the global navigation satellite system is used to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the antenna module or the altitude of the location of the antenna module.

11. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The base station antenna system also includes the monitoring terminal.

12. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The base station antenna system further includes a hanging height calculation module, and the hanging height calculation module is used to calculate the hanging height of the antenna module according to the first air pressure and the second air pressure.

13. A base station antenna system, characterized in that: include: Antenna module, used for receiving or sending wireless signals; A sensing module, the sensing module comprising a first air pressure measuring module, the first air pressure measuring module is used to measure a first air pressure at a location where the antenna module is located, The sensing module also includes a global navigation satellite system, which is used to obtain the altitude of the location of the antenna module. The first air pressure and the altitude are used to calculate the hanging height of the antenna module.

14. The base station antenna system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The antenna module and the sensing module are connected by wire via the AISG interface of the antenna interface standard organization.

15. The base station antenna system according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: The sensing module includes a first wireless backhaul module, which is used for wireless data transmission between the sensing module and the antenna module.

16. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that: The antenna module is arranged in the antenna cover, and the sensing module is arranged in the antenna cover.

17. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: The sensing module also includes a light emitting device, which is used to emit visible light, and the visible light is used to identify the operator to which the antenna module belongs.

18. The base station antenna system according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: The sensing module also includes any one or more of the following sensors: an infrared sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

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