Radio frequency optical assembly, corresponding module comprising same, and wireless transmission system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of communications, and provides a radio frequency optical assembly, a corresponding module comprising same, and a wireless transmission system. The radio frequency optical assembly comprises a first filtering assembly, a second filtering assembly, a light transmitting assembly, and a light detection assembly. The first filtering assembly and the second filtering assembly both transmit emitted light; the first filtering assembly further receives a first light signal and reflects the first light signal to a second port, so that the emitted light and the first light signal are combined together and outputted; the first filtering assembly further receives a second light signal, reflects a forwarding light signal in the second light signal and outputs the reflected forwarding light signal, and transmits received light in the second light signal; and the second filtering assembly refracts the received light to the light detection assembly. The present invention provides a radio frequency optical assembly, and the radio frequency optical assembly is used in a HUB or an RRU, reducing the cost of a network architecture and the complexity of the network architecture, and solving the problem of a decrease of the rate of a final-stage pRRU.

Description

A radio frequency optical component and its corresponding module and wireless transmission system

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority from the following patent applications:

[0003] (1) A Chinese patent application entitled “A radio frequency optical component and its corresponding module and wireless transmission system”, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on June 30, 2023, with application number 202310803054.0; Technical Field

[0004] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radio frequency optical component and a corresponding module and a wireless transmission system. Background Art

[0005] Among various communication methods, wireless communication is favored due to its flexible deployment, ease of use, and wide coverage. The widespread adoption of mobile communication networks has brought significant convenience to people's daily lives and significantly promoted the development of human society. As emerging applications such as intelligent driving, smart transportation, smart healthcare, and the Industrial Internet gradually become part of people's lives, demand for wireless communication services will continue to grow rapidly. Wireless communication networks will need higher bandwidth, lower latency, and greater capacity to meet the demands of practical applications. Therefore, various wireless communication standards are addressing these issues by increasing operating frequency bands and broadening spectrum bandwidth. For example, the operating frequency band upper limit of 5G and WiFi6 / 7 has been raised to 7.5 GHz, and the real-time operating bandwidth has been expanded to 200 MHz. This may be further expanded to 500 MHz or even 1 GHz in the future.

[0006] With the full commercialization of 5G, in order to further expand the coverage and improve the wireless access user experience, 5G pRRU will be more widely deployed and applied. There is a network architecture in the existing technology as shown in Figure 1, where a digital optical module is used to connect the HUB (hub) and the pRRU (Pico Remote Radio Unit). Since the digital optical module transmits digital baseband signals, the pRRU needs to integrate a high-speed AD / DA to achieve digital-to-analog conversion and an integrated ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) module to complete the encoding and decoding of the baseband signal (as shown in the black dotted box in Figure 1). The pRRU converts the digital signal from the HUB side into an analog signal through digital-to-analog conversion according to the 5G air interface protocol standard, and then converts it into a radio frequency signal through the radio frequency processing unit, and finally transmits it through the antenna. Similarly, after the pRRU converts the analog signal received by the antenna into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion, the digital signal is encoded into a baseband signal according to the relevant protocol, and finally modulated onto the digital optical module for transmission to the HUB side, thus realizing the connection between the HUB and the pRRU. Based on a baseband bandwidth of 200 MHz, an IFFT count of 4096 points, and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz, the baseband I / Q sampling rate is 245.76 MHz. Based on a 15-bit sampling rate, after adding control bits and coding overhead, one 10 Gbps optical module is required for each antenna. In the current pRRU configuration, where one or two transmit and receive antennas are typical, a 10 Gbps or 25 Gbps optical module is required.

[0007] However, with the widespread application of 5G in smart driving, smart transportation, smart medical care, industrial Internet and other fields, the number of terminal access in various scenarios will increase significantly, and with the development of 5G mobile communications, users' speed requirements will gradually increase. For example, when the user experience rate reaches 1Gbps, the peak rate reaches 10Gbps, the number of access terminals within 1 square kilometer reaches 1 million, the traffic density reaches several 10Tbps / square kilometer, and the end-to-end delay is required to reach milliseconds, it is necessary to upgrade the application scenario, that is, the pRRU needs to provide greater terminal access capabilities and uplink and downlink rates. Then the number of transceiver antennas of the pRRU is increased to 4 antennas, 8 antennas or even 128 antennas, which will lead to the increase of the pRRU. It is necessary to use FPGA / ASCI with stronger processing capabilities and more AD / DA. The network architecture described in Figure 1 can no longer support this. In order to ensure the uplink and downlink rates of each terminal in the case of multiple antennas, the baseband signal rate after AD / DA and ASCI processing needs to be changed from the original 10G to 20G, 40G or even 80G. Therefore, it is necessary to select optical modules with corresponding transmission rates to match the changes in uplink and downlink rates, thus forming the pRRU side architecture shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3, that is, adding one or several optical modules to the pRRU, or using optical modules with higher single-channel rates to replace the original low-rate optical modules to improve the transmission rate between the pRRU and the HUB. As the number of pRRU antennas increases, the number of required optical modules will increase accordingly, and the rate will also increase accordingly. However, since digital optical modules are used to connect the HUB and pRRU, a large number of baseband signal processing units are integrated in the pRRU. As the application scenarios change, the uplink and downlink rates of the pRRU will increase significantly, which will lead to the need to use more FPGA / ASCI, AD / DA chips, high-speed optical modules, etc. with stronger processing capabilities in the pRRU. This will not only lead to a significant increase in equipment costs, but also a significant increase in the power consumption of each unit, resulting in a significant increase in subsequent operation and maintenance costs. Based on the pRRU-side architecture shown in Figures 2 or 3, a star network topology can be used between the HUB and pRRUs. As shown in Figure 4, the HUB and pRRUs are connected using the same set of wavelengths λ1 / λ2. This requires a single optical fiber between the HUB and each pRRU, significantly increasing fiber usage. If a large number of pRRUs are located in a particular direction or area, an architecture like that shown in Figure 5 can be used to reduce fiber usage. This approach uses wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) to pair digital optical modules with CWDM wavelengths in the HUB and pRRUs, distinguishing the different pRRUs in the area by wavelength differences, thus achieving comprehensive wireless signal coverage. This solution requires adding a wavelength division multiplexer (MUX) on the HUB side to combine the wavelengths of multiple optical modules. Demultiplexers (DeMUXs) are then added near the pRRUs to demultiplex the wavelengths before delivering them to the individual pRRUs.The architectures in Figures 4 and 5 either require significant fiber usage or additional multiplexing and demultiplexing equipment. These solutions not only increase network deployment costs but also increase network complexity, making subsequent maintenance and support extremely difficult. Furthermore, when using a tree topology, pRRUs can only be connected using an electrical cascade. The uplink and downlink rates of each pRRU on the link are limited by the uplink and downlink rates of the first-stage pRRU. The downlink and uplink rates decrease with each subsequent pRRU, and the rate drops significantly at the final pRRU stage.

[0008] In view of this, overcoming the defects of the prior art is an urgent problem to be solved in this technical field.

[0009] Application Contents

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the network complexity in the existing wireless network architecture is high, which makes subsequent maintenance inconvenient and costly, and the rate of the last-stage pRRU also decreases significantly.

[0011] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a radio frequency optical component, comprising a first filter component 1, a second filter component 2, a light emitting component 3, and a light detecting component 4;

[0013] The second filter component 2, the first filter component 1 and the light emitting component 3 are coupled in sequence;

[0014] The optical transmission component 3 is used to generate transmission light according to the transmission electrical signal from the control port, and the first filter component 1 and the second filter component 2 are both used to transmit the transmission light;

[0015] The first filter component 1 is further configured to receive a first optical signal from the first port and reflect the first optical signal to the second port, so that the transmitted light is combined with the first optical signal and output to the second port;

[0016] The first filter component 1 also receives a second optical signal from the second port, reflects the converted optical signal in the second optical signal to the first port output, and transmits the received light in the second optical signal to the second filter component 2;

[0017] The second filtering component 2 is used to refract the received light to the light detecting component 4 , and the light detecting component 4 is used to convert the received light into a received electrical signal and output it to a control port.

[0018] Preferably, the radio frequency optical component further includes a first collimating component 5 and a second collimating component 6;

[0019] The first collimating component 5 is arranged on a side of the first filtering component 1 away from the optical transmitting component 3, and is used to collimate the first optical signal and the second optical signal;

[0020] The second collimating component 6 is disposed between the second filtering component 2 and the light emitting component 3 and is used to collimate the emitted light.

[0021] Preferably, the radio frequency optical component further includes a first optical fiber 7, a second optical fiber 8 and a fixed sleeve 9;

[0022] One end of the first optical fiber 7 is disposed in the fixed sleeve 9 to form a first port of the radio frequency optical component;

[0023] One end of the second optical fiber 8 is disposed in the fixing sleeve 9 to form a second port of the radio frequency optical component.

[0024] Preferably, the radio frequency optical component supports transmission and reception of wavelengths of 1270nm to 1610nm.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an optical transceiver module, comprising a plurality of radio frequency optical components according to the first aspect;

[0026] Multiple radio frequency optical components are cascaded with each other; wherein the second port of the upper radio frequency optical component is connected to the first port of the lower radio frequency optical component;

[0027] The lower-level RF optical component is used to receive the first optical signal from the upper-level RF optical component, combine the first optical signal with its own transmitted light and output it to the second port; and combine the transmitted light of each RF optical component into a total transmitted light output through multiple RF optical components;

[0028] The upper-level RF optical component is used to receive a second optical signal from the lower-level RF optical component, receive the received light in the second optical signal, and output the converted optical signal in the second optical signal to the first port; wherein, the first port of the final-level RF optical component is used to receive the total received light, so as to realize the wavelength division reception of the total received light through multiple RF optical components; wherein, the total transmitted light is output by the first port of the final-level RF optical component, and the total received light is received by the second port of the final-level RF optical component.

[0029] Preferably, the wavelengths of the emitted light of each radio frequency optical component are different, and the wavelengths of the received light of each radio frequency optical component are different.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a multi-port forwarding module, comprising an uplink forwarding module, a plurality of digital-to-analog conversion modules, and the optical transceiver module described in the second aspect;

[0031] Each port of the uplink forwarding module is connected to the corresponding control port of the optical transceiver module through the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module;

[0032] The uplink forwarding module is used to receive the downlink baseband signal from the baseband processing module and convert the downlink baseband signal into each downlink digital signal; the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module is used to convert the corresponding downlink digital signal into a transmit electrical signal, and the optical transceiver module is used to output the total transmit light according to each transmit electrical signal;

[0033] The optical transceiver module is also used to receive the total received light and convert the total received light into each received electrical signal. The corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module is used to convert the received electrical signal into the corresponding uplink digital signal. The uplink forwarding module is used to convert the uplink digital signal into an uplink baseband signal and forward the uplink baseband signal to the baseband processing module.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a remote radio frequency module, comprising a downlink forwarding module and the optical transceiver module described in the second aspect;

[0035] Each port of the downlink forwarding module is connected to each control port of the optical transceiver module;

[0036] The optical transceiver module is used to receive the total transmitted light from the multi-port forwarding module and convert the total transmitted light into a downlink radio frequency signal. The downlink forwarding module is used to transmit each downlink radio frequency signal to the corresponding terminal.

[0037] The downlink forwarding module is further configured to receive an uplink radio frequency signal from a terminal, and the optical transceiver module is configured to convert the uplink radio frequency signal into a total transmitted light and send the total transmitted light to the multi-port forwarding module.

[0038] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a wireless transmission system comprising a baseband processing module, a multi-port forwarding module and a remote radio frequency module;

[0039] The multi-port forwarding module is the multi-port forwarding module described in the third aspect, and / or the remote radio frequency module is the remote radio frequency module described in the fourth aspect;

[0040] The multi-port forwarding module and the remote radio frequency module are connected using a single optical fiber.

[0041] Preferably, each received optical wavelength of the multi-port forwarding module is consistent with each transmitted optical wavelength of the remote radio frequency module, and each transmitted optical wavelength of the multi-port forwarding module is consistent with each received optical wavelength of the remote radio frequency module.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a radio frequency optical component that realizes wavelength combining and wavelength splitting by itself, and uses the radio frequency optical component in a corresponding multi-port forwarding module or a remote radio frequency module to realize the input and output of multiple wavelengths at the same port, thereby eliminating the need for a wavelength division multiplexer and reducing the cost of the network architecture. Moreover, due to the input and output of multiple wavelengths at the same port, the multi-port forwarding modules or remote radio frequency modules only need to be connected by a single optical fiber, thereby reducing the complexity of the network architecture. For each RRU, since only the corresponding wavelength splitting and combining are performed internally, the rate of the transmitted light is not changed, thereby ensuring that the rates of RRUs at all levels are consistent, solving the problem of rate drop of the last-stage pRRU. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a wireless transmission system in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an RRU in a wireless transmission system in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an RRU in another conventional wireless transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a HUB and an RRU in a wireless transmission system in the prior art according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a HUB and an RRU in another conventional wireless transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a functional circuit in a radio frequency optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an optical transceiver module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] 12 is a schematic diagram of a multi-port forwarding module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a remote radio frequency module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a wireless transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a HUB and an RRU in a wireless transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0060] 1. First filter assembly; 2. Second filter assembly; 3. Light emitting assembly; 4. Light detecting assembly; 5. First collimating assembly; 6. Second collimating assembly; 7. First optical fiber; 8. Second optical fiber; 9. Fixed sleeve; 10. Ceramic ferrule. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0063] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified with "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood broadly. For example, "connection" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. In addition, the term "coupling" can refer to the manner in which electrical connection is achieved for signal transmission.

[0065] In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0066] Embodiment 1:

[0067] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a radio frequency optical component, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, including a first filter component 1, a second filter component 2, an optical transmitting component 3 and an optical detection component 4; the second filter component 2, the first filter component 1 and the optical transmitting component 3 are coupled in sequence; the optical transmitting component 3 is used to generate transmitted light according to the transmitted electrical signal from the control port, and the first filter component 1 and the second filter component 2 are both used to transmit the transmitted light; the first filter component 1 is also used to receive a first optical signal from the first port, and reflect the first optical signal to the second port, so that the transmitted light is combined with the first optical signal to be output from the second port; the first filter component 1 is also used to receive a second optical signal from the second port, and reflect the converted optical signal in the second optical signal to the first port output, and transmit the received light in the second optical signal to the second filter component 2; the second filter component 2 is used to refract the received light to the optical detection component 4, and the optical detection component 4 is used to convert the received light into a received electrical signal to be output to the control port.

[0068] In which, the input ports of λ1 and λ2 shown in Figure 6 are the first ports, and the output ports of λ1, λ2 and λ3 shown in Figure 6 are the second ports. Assuming that the emitted light is of the first wavelength (such as λ3 in Figure 6) and the detected light is of the second wavelength (such as λ6 in Figure 7), the first optical signal (such as λ1 and λ2 in Figure 6) does not contain light of the first wavelength (λ3) and the second wavelength (λ6), and the second optical signal (such as λ4, λ5 and λ6 in Figure 7) contains the second wavelength (λ6) and does not contain the first wavelength (λ3). The optical transmitting component 3 is used to emit light of the first wavelength, and the optical detecting component 4 is used to receive light of the second wavelength; the first filtering component 1 is used to transmit light of the first wavelength and the second wavelength, and reflect light of other wavelengths; the second filtering component 2 is used to transmit light of the first wavelength and refract light of the second wavelength to the optical detecting component 4.

[0069] The first filter assembly 1 and the second filter assembly 2 can be corresponding filters in terms of product form, and can achieve transmission, refraction, or reflection of corresponding wavelengths by coating corresponding film layers on the filter surfaces. The light emitting assembly 3 can be a laser in terms of product form, and the light detecting assembly 4 can be a light detector in terms of product form.

[0070] This embodiment has a built-in filtering component inside the radio frequency optical component, so that the radio frequency optical component itself can realize the corresponding wavelength combination transmission and wavelength division reception, thereby being able to partially replace the wavelength division multiplexer, so that a multi-wavelength optical transceiver module can be realized by cascading the radio frequency optical components. The optical transceiver module will be described in detail in Example 2 and will not be repeated here. Therefore, there is no need to use a wavelength division multiplexer or multiple transmission optical fibers, thereby reducing the architecture cost.

[0071] In actual use, as shown in Figure 8, the RF optical component also includes a first collimating component 5 and a second collimating component 6; the first collimating component 5 is arranged on the side of the first filter component 1 away from the optical transmission component 3, and is used to collimate the first optical signal and the second optical signal; the second collimating component 6 is arranged between the second filter component 2 and the optical transmission component 3, and is used to collimate the emitted light. The first collimating component 5 and the second collimating component 6 can be lenses in form; the second collimating component 6 adjusts the converged light emitted by the optical transmission component 3 into parallel light, and the first collimating component 5 is used to adjust the first optical signal or the second optical signal from scattered light to parallel light. The first collimating component 5 and the second collimating component 6 can be collimating lenses in form.

[0072] In a specific application scenario, a schematic diagram showing a form that is closer to the corresponding component form is shown in Figure 9. The RF optical component may also include a ceramic ferrule 10 for fixing the first collimation component 5 and the optical transmission component 3. The RF optical component also includes a first optical fiber 7, a second optical fiber 8, and a fixing sleeve 9. One end of the first optical fiber 7 is disposed in the fixing sleeve 9 to form a first port of the RF optical component; one end of the second optical fiber 8 is disposed in the fixing sleeve 9 to form a second port of the RF optical component.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the radio frequency optical component supports transmission and reception at a wavelength of 1270nm to 1610nm.

[0074] In actual use, the RF optical component also contains corresponding functional circuits, as shown in Figure 10, including a sampling and holding and constant current drive circuit composed of a single-chip microcomputer, an operational amplifier, a field-effect transistor, and a mirror current source, as well as an RF amplification circuit composed of a broadband bias, an RF amplifier, an RF attenuator, and an RF detector.

[0075] Among them, the single chip microcomputer is used to control the various functional circuits of the radio frequency optical component, including:

[0076] Backlight current sampling and automatic power control circuit: samples the output voltage of the mirror current source of the laser backlight current, and adjusts the control voltage 1 output to the operational amplifier after comparing the voltage with the pre-set reference voltage 1, thereby adjusting the gate voltage of the field effect tube, changing the laser operating current, and realizing automatic control of the laser light emitting power.

[0077] RF power sampling and automatic level control circuit: samples the voltage detected by the RF detector, and after comparing the voltage with the pre-set reference voltage 2, adjusts the control voltage 2 of the operational amplifier, and then adjusts the bias voltage of the RF attenuator, changes the operating current of the RF attenuator, and realizes automatic control of the output level of the RF receiving amplifier circuit.

[0078] Operational amplifier 1 is used to amplify the output control voltage of the microcontroller according to a certain ratio and then adjust the gate voltage of the field effect tube, thereby changing the current between the source and drain of the field effect tube to adjust the operating current of the laser; operational amplifier 2 is used to amplify the output control voltage of the microcontroller according to a certain ratio and then adjust the control voltage of the RF attenuator, thereby changing the attenuation of the attenuator to adjust the output level.

[0079] The field-effect transistor is used as a constant current source driving circuit for the laser, providing a working current loop for the laser and being controlled by the output voltage of the operational amplifier to adjust the working current passing through the laser and thus adjust the emitted light power.

[0080] The mirror current source is used to sample the laser's backlight current. This circuit consists of two identical transistors and their peripheral circuitry. One transistor provides reverse bias for the backlight diode. When the backlight diode generates photocurrent under the influence of the laser's backlight, the other transistor generates a current identical to the backlight diode's bias current path. This current is converted to voltage by a resistor and sampled by the microcontroller's analog-to-digital converter. This current is used to monitor the laser's output optical power and as a reference for automatic power control.

[0081] The low-noise amplifier is used to amplify the weak RF signal received by the detector of the RF optical component into a large signal with low noise and strong anti-interference ability; the RF attenuator is used to adjust the output level of the low-noise amplifier to ensure that the output level remains stable; the power amplifier is used to amplify the RF signal output by the RF attenuator to a certain power so that it has the ability to drive the final amplifier on the pRRU.

[0082] The directional coupler couples a portion of the power amplifier's output signal into the RF detector. The RF detector converts the RF signal, coupled by the power coupler, into a DC voltage. This voltage is sampled by the microcontroller's analog-to-digital converter and compared with a preset reference voltage to adjust the output voltage of operational amplifier 2. Using this optical module in the pRRU reduces the need for ASICs and high-speed digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion chips while still ensuring good signal performance and a long transmission distance.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] Based on Example 1, this embodiment further provides an optical transceiver module, as shown in Figure 11, comprising multiple RF optical components described in Example 1; multiple RF optical components are cascaded with each other; wherein the second port of the upper-level RF optical component is connected to the first port of the lower-level RF optical component; the lower-level RF optical component is used to receive a first optical signal from the upper-level RF optical component, combine the first optical signal with its own transmitted light and output it to the second port; so as to combine the transmitted light of each RF optical component into a total transmitted light output through multiple RF optical components; the upper-level RF optical component is used to receive a second optical signal from the lower-level RF optical component, receive the received light in the second optical signal, and output the converted light signal in the second optical signal to the first port; wherein the first port of the final-level RF optical component is used to receive the total received light, so as to realize the demultiplexing reception of the total received light through multiple RF optical components; wherein the total transmitted light is output by the first port of the final-level RF optical component, and the total received light is received by the second port of the final-level RF optical component.

[0085] Among them, the wavelength of the emitted light of each RF optical component is different, and the wavelength of the received light of each RF optical component is different. Port1 in Figure 11 represents the first port of the corresponding RF optical component, and port2 represents the second port of the corresponding RF optical component. The upper-level RF optical component and the lower-level RF optical component are both for two interconnected RF optical components. Taking the optical transceiver module shown in Figure 11 as an example, the second port of RF optical component 1 is connected to the first port of RF optical component 2. For RF optical component 1 and RF optical component 2, RF optical component 1 is the upper-level RF optical component, and RF optical component 2 is the lower-level RF optical component; and the second port of RF optical component 2 is connected to the first port of RF optical component 3. For RF optical component 2 and RF optical component 3, RF optical component 2 is the upper-level RF optical component, and RF optical component 3 is the lower-level RF optical component.

[0086] The optical transceiver module shown in Figure 11 is used as an example to illustrate the process of combining the transmitted light between multiple cascaded RF optical components. Among them, the transmitted light of RF optical component 1 is λ1, which is transmitted to the lower-level RF optical component, namely RF optical component 2. RF optical component 2 combines λ1 with its own transmitted light λ2 to obtain λ1~λ2. λ1~λ2 are input to RF optical component 3. RF optical component 3 combines λ1~λ2 with its own transmitted light λ3 and outputs λ1~λ3, ..., and so on. RF optical component n combines λ1~λn-1 with its own transmitted light λn and outputs λ1~λn. In this way, multi-wavelength transmission is achieved by cascading multiple RF optical components.

[0087] In the opposite direction of multi-wavelength transmission, multi-wavelength received light λn+1 to λ2n is input from the second port of RF optical component n. The received light of RF optical component n is λ2n. RF optical component n demultiplexes λn+1 to λ2n, receives λ2n among them, and transmits λn+1 to λ2n-1 to the upper-level RF optical component, that is, RF optical component n-1. The received light of RF optical component n-1 is λ2n-1, that is, RF optical component n-1 demultiplexes λn+1 to λ2n-1, receives λ2n-1 among them, and transmits λn+1 to λ2n-2 to RF optical component n-2, ..., and so on. The light finally transmitted to RF optical component 2 is λn+1 to λn+2, among which λn+2 is received by RF optical component 2, and the light finally reaching RF optical component 1 and received by it is λn+1. In this way, multi-wavelength reception is achieved by cascading multiple RF optical components.

[0088] In an optional implementation, the number of radio frequency optical components is 8. The emission wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1270 nm, 1290 nm, 1310 nm, 1330 nm, 1350 nm, 1370 nm, 1390 nm and 1410 nm, and the receiving wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1470 nm, 1490 nm, 1510 nm, 1530 nm, 1550 nm, 1570 nm, 1590 nm and 1610 nm, respectively; or, the emission wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1470 nm, 1490 nm, 1510 nm, 1530 nm, 1550 nm, 1570 nm, 1590 nm and 1610 nm, and the receiving wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1270 nm, 1290 nm, 1310 nm, 1330 nm, 1350 nm, 1370 nm, 1390 nm and 1410 nm, respectively.

[0089] Example 3:

[0090] Based on Example 2, this embodiment further provides a multi-port forwarding module, as shown in Figure 12 , comprising an uplink forwarding module, multiple digital-to-analog conversion modules, and the optical transceiver module described in Example 2. In actual use, the uplink forwarding module typically comprises a digital optical module and an ASIC module. The multi-port forwarding module can be embodied as a hub.

[0091] Each port of the uplink forwarding module is connected to the corresponding control port of the optical transceiver module through the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module; the uplink forwarding module is used to receive the downlink baseband signal from the baseband processing module and convert the downlink baseband signal into each downlink digital signal; the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module is used to convert the corresponding downlink digital signal into a transmitted electrical signal, and the optical transceiver module is used to output the total transmitted light according to each transmitted electrical signal; the optical transceiver module is also used to receive the total received light and convert the total received light into each received electrical signal, the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module is used to convert the received electrical signal into the corresponding uplink digital signal, and the uplink forwarding module is used to convert the uplink digital signal into an uplink baseband signal and forward the uplink baseband signal to the baseband processing module.

[0092] In actual application scenarios, the uplink forwarding module includes a digital optical module and an ASIC module; the ASIC module is used to convert the uplink digital signal into an uplink baseband signal; the digital optical module is used to forward the uplink baseband signal to the baseband processing module.

[0093] This embodiment achieves multi-path optical transmission and reception without the need for a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) or wavelength demultiplexer (WDM), thereby reducing production costs. Furthermore, it can be connected to a remote RF module via a single optical fiber, facilitating subsequent network operation and maintenance and saving operational costs. Furthermore, the absence of a WDM or WDM provides a foundation for the miniaturization of multi-port forwarding modules.

[0094] Embodiment 4:

[0095] Based on Example 2, this embodiment further provides a remote radio frequency module, as shown in Figure 13 , comprising a downlink forwarding module and the optical transceiver module described in Example 2. In actual use, the downlink forwarding module typically includes an antenna module and a radio frequency processing module, and the antenna module includes one or more antennas. The remote radio frequency module can be embodied as an RRU.

[0096] Each port of the downlink forwarding module is connected to each control port of the optical transceiver module; the optical transceiver module is used to receive the total transmitted light from the multi-port forwarding module, convert the total transmitted light into a downlink radio frequency signal, and the downlink forwarding module is used to transmit each downlink radio frequency signal to the corresponding terminal; the downlink forwarding module is also used to receive an uplink radio frequency signal from the terminal, and the optical transceiver module is used to convert the uplink radio frequency signal into a total transmitted light, and send the total transmitted light to the multi-port forwarding module.

[0097] In actual application scenarios, the downlink forwarding module includes a radio frequency processing module and an antenna module; the radio frequency processing module is used to convert the uplink radio frequency signal into total transmitted light; the antenna module is used to send the total transmitted light to the multi-port forwarding module.

[0098] In the implementation of this embodiment, there is no need to use a digital-to-analog conversion module and ASIC, which can reduce production costs and provide a basis for the miniaturization of the remote RF module. It can also be connected to a multi-port forwarding module via a single optical fiber to facilitate subsequent network operation and maintenance, saving operation and maintenance costs.

[0099] Example 5:

[0100] Based on Example 3 and Example 4, this embodiment also provides a wireless transmission system, as shown in Figure 14, including a baseband processing module, a multi-port forwarding module and a remote radio frequency module; wherein the multi-port forwarding module is the multi-port forwarding module described in Example 3, and / or the remote radio frequency module is the remote radio frequency module described in Example 4; the multi-port forwarding module and the remote radio frequency module are connected using a single optical fiber.

[0101] The received optical wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are consistent with the transmitted optical wavelengths of the remote radio frequency module, and the transmitted optical wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are consistent with the received optical wavelengths of the remote radio frequency module. In an optional embodiment, the received optical wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are 1470nm, 1490nm, 1510nm, 1530nm, 1550nm, 1570nm, 1590nm and 1610nm respectively; and the transmitted optical wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are 1270nm, 1290nm, 1310nm, 1330nm, 1350nm, 1370nm, 1390nm and 1410nm respectively.

[0102] It should be noted here that Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a wireless transmission system including a baseband processing module, the multi-port forwarding module described in Example 3 and the remote radio frequency module described in Example 4. In actual use, it is also feasible to use the multi-port forwarding module in the prior art and the remote radio frequency module described in Example 4 to form a wireless transmission system (as shown in Figure 13), or to use the multi-port forwarding module described in Example 3 and the remote radio frequency module in the prior art to form a wireless transmission system (as shown in Figure 12).

[0103] In the implementation mode of this embodiment, on the side of the remote RF module, there is no need to perform digital-to-analog conversion and encoding processing on the RF signal. Instead, the RF signal received by the antenna is transmitted to the multi-port forwarding module through the multi-transceiver module. The multi-receiver optical module in the multi-port forwarding module demodulates the RF signal and converts it into a digital signal through the ADC / DAC (i.e., digital-to-analog conversion module), and then processes it through the ASIC to become a baseband signal that complies with the 5G protocol. Finally, it is transmitted back to the baseband processing module through the digital optical module of the uplink port in the multi-port forwarding module, and vice versa.

[0104] Among them, the multi-port forwarding module is also replaced by HUB in subsequent embodiments, the remote radio frequency module is also replaced by pRRU in subsequent embodiments, and the baseband processing module is also replaced by BBU (Building Base band Unite) in subsequent embodiments.

[0105] Compared with existing technologies (Figures 5 and 3), this architecture eliminates multiplexers and demultiplexers on both the hub and pRRU sides. Functional components such as ASICs and high-speed AD / DAs are moved to the hub, allowing each pRRU to share the hub's ASICs, high-speed AD / DAs, and other baseband processing units. This significantly reduces pRRU cost and power consumption, saving on future operating expenses. As shown in Figure 14, the original ASICs and ADC / DACs in the pRRU have been removed.

[0106] At the same time, the HUB can uniformly allocate bandwidth resources to each pRRU based on the number of terminals connected to it and the bandwidth requirements, improving the efficiency of uplink port utilization. Based on the coverage range and the number of cascades required, the appropriate wavelength and number of optical modules are selected, and optical path cascading is used to achieve longer-distance coverage, saving more fiber resources compared to a star-shaped structure. Because each pRRU level is differentiated by optical wavelength, the transmission bandwidth and power are basically consistent, eliminating the problem of the pRRU rate at the later stage being lower than the rate at the previous stage in cascade coverage.

[0107] In an optional implementation, as shown in Figure 15, the multi-port forwarding module and the remote RF module both use an 8-receive and 8-transmit optical transceiver module, where λ1 to λ8 are 1270nm, 1290nm, 1310nm, 1330nm, 1350nm, 1370nm, 1390nm, and 1410nm respectively; λ9 to λ16 are 1470nm, 1490nm, 1510nm, 1530nm, 1550nm, 1570nm, 1590nm, and 1610nm respectively.

[0108] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radio frequency optical component, characterized in that: It comprises a first filtering component (1), a second filtering component (2), a light emitting component (3) and a light detecting component (4); The second filter component (2), the first filter component (1) and the light emitting component (3) are coupled in sequence; The optical transmission component (3) is used to generate transmission light according to the transmission electrical signal from the control port, and the first filter component (1) and the second filter component (2) are both used to transmit the transmission light; The first filter component (1) is also used to receive a first optical signal from the first port, and reflect the first optical signal to the second port, so that the emitted light is combined with the first optical signal and output to the second port; The first filter component (1) further receives a second optical signal from the second port, reflects the converted optical signal in the second optical signal to the first port output, and transmits the received light in the second optical signal to the second filter component (2); The second filter component (2) is used to refract the received light to the light detection component (4), and the light detection component (4) is used to convert the received light into a received electrical signal and output it to a control port.

2. The radio frequency optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency optical component further comprises a first collimation component (5) and a second collimation component (6); The first collimating component (5) is arranged on a side of the first filtering component (1) away from the light emitting component (3), and is used to collimate the first light signal and the second light signal; The second collimating component (6) is arranged between the second filtering component (2) and the light emitting component (3) and is used for collimating the emitted light.

3. The radio frequency optical component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radio frequency optical component further comprises a ceramic ferrule (10); the ceramic ferrule (10) is used to fix the optical emission component (3) and the first collimation component (5).

4. The radio frequency optical component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first collimating component (5) and / or the second collimating component (6) is a lens.

5. The radio frequency optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency optical component further comprises a first optical fiber (7), a second optical fiber (8) and a fixed sleeve (9); One end of the first optical fiber (7) is arranged in the fixed sleeve (9) to form a first port of the radio frequency optical component; One end of the second optical fiber (8) is arranged in the fixed sleeve (9) to form a second port of the radio frequency optical component.

6. The radio frequency optical component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency optical component supports transmission and reception at wavelengths of 1270nm to 1610nm.

7. The radio frequency optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first filter component (1) and / or the second filter component (2) is a filter plate.

8. The radio frequency optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The light emitting component (3) is a laser.

9. The radio frequency optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The light detection component (4) is a light detector.

10. An optical transceiver module, characterized in that: A radio frequency optical component comprising a plurality of claims 1 to 9; Multiple radio frequency optical components are cascaded to each other; wherein the second port of the upper radio frequency optical component is connected to the first port of the lower radio frequency optical component; The lower-level RF optical component is used to receive the first optical signal from the upper-level RF optical component, combine the first optical signal with its own transmitted light and output it to the second port; through multiple RF optical components, combine the transmitted light of each RF optical component into a total transmitted light output; The upper-level RF optical component is used to receive the second optical signal from the lower-level RF optical component, receive the received light in the second optical signal, and output the converted light signal in the second optical signal to the first port; wherein the first port of the final-level RF optical component is used to receive the total received light, so as to realize the wave-division reception of the total received light through multiple RF optical components; wherein the total transmitted light is output by the first port of the final-level RF optical component, and the total received light is received by the second port of the final-level RF optical component.

11. The optical transceiver module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The wavelength of the emitted light of each radio frequency optical component is different, and the wavelength of the received light of each radio frequency optical component is different.

12. The optical transceiver module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The number of RF optical components is 8.

13. The optical transceiver module according to claim 12, characterized in that: The emission wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1270nm, 1290nm, 1310nm, 1330nm, 1350nm, 1370nm, 1390nm and 1410nm, respectively, and the receiving wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1470nm, 1490nm, 1510nm, 1530nm, 1550nm, 1570nm, 1590nm and 1610nm, respectively; or, the emission wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1470nm, 1490nm, 1510nm, 1530nm, 1550nm, 1570nm, 1590nm and 1610nm, respectively, and the receiving wavelengths of the eight radio frequency optical components are 1270nm, 1290nm, 1310nm, 1330nm, 1350nm, 1370nm, 1390nm and 1410nm, respectively.

14. A multi-port forwarding module, characterized in that: It comprises an uplink forwarding module, a plurality of digital-to-analog conversion modules and an optical transceiver module according to any one of claims 10 to 13; Each port of the uplink forwarding module is connected to a corresponding control port of the optical transceiver module through a corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module; The uplink forwarding module is used to receive the downlink baseband signal from the baseband processing module, and convert the downlink baseband signal into each downlink digital signal; the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module is used to convert the corresponding downlink digital signal into a transmitted electrical signal, and the optical transceiver module is used to output a total transmitted light according to each transmitted electrical signal; the optical transceiver module is also used to receive the total received light, convert the total received light into each received electrical signal, the corresponding digital-to-analog conversion module is used to convert the received electrical signal into the corresponding uplink digital signal, and the uplink forwarding module is used to convert the uplink digital signal into an uplink baseband signal, and forward the uplink baseband signal to the baseband processing module.

15. The multi-port forwarding module according to claim 14, characterized in that: The uplink forwarding module includes a digital optical module and an ASIC module; The ASIC module is used to convert the uplink digital signal into an uplink baseband signal; The digital optical module is used to forward the uplink baseband signal to a baseband processing module.

16. A remote radio frequency module, characterized in that: It comprises a downlink forwarding module and an optical transceiver module according to any one of claims 10 to 13; Each port of the downlink forwarding module is connected to each control port of the optical transceiver module; The optical transceiver module is used to receive the total transmitted light from the multi-port forwarding module, convert the total transmitted light into a downlink radio frequency signal, and the downlink forwarding module is used to transmit each downlink radio frequency signal to a corresponding terminal; The downlink forwarding module is further used to receive an uplink radio frequency signal from a terminal, and the optical transceiver module is used to convert the uplink radio frequency signal into a total transmission light, and send the total transmission light to the multi-port forwarding module.

17. The remote radio frequency module according to claim 16, characterized in that: The downlink forwarding module includes a radio frequency processing module and an antenna module; The radio frequency processing module is used to convert the uplink radio frequency signal into total transmitted light; The antenna module is used to send the total transmitted light to the multi-port forwarding module.

18. A wireless transmission system, characterized in that: It includes baseband processing module, multi-port forwarding module and remote radio frequency module; Wherein, the multi-port forwarding module is the multi-port forwarding module according to claim 14 or claim 15, and / or the remote radio frequency module is the remote radio frequency module according to claim 16 or claim 17; The multi-port forwarding module and the remote radio frequency module are connected by a single optical fiber.

19. The wireless transmission system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The received optical wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are consistent with the transmitted optical wavelengths of the remote radio frequency module, and the transmitted optical wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are consistent with the received optical wavelengths of the remote radio frequency module.

20. The wireless transmission system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The received light wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are 1470nm, 1490nm, 1510nm, 1530nm, 1550nm, 1570nm, 1590nm and 1610nm respectively; the emitted light wavelengths of the multi-port forwarding module are 1270nm, 1290nm, 1310nm, 1330nm, 1350nm, 1370nm, 1390nm and 1410nm respectively.

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