Eco-friendly fertilizer preparation apparatus using livestock manure

Abstract

The present invention relates to an eco-friendly fertilizer preparation apparatus using livestock manure and, more specifically, to a technology by which raw manure is moisture-regulated as is, without solid-liquid separation, and then fermented such that a fertilizer preparation process is simplified, the heating structure of a fermentation tank, in which fermentation is performed, is improved such that a fermentation-suitable temperature can be maintained, and odor generated in the fermentation tank is effectively treated.

Description

An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure

[0001] The present invention relates to an eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, and more specifically, to a technology for simplifying the fertilizer manufacturing process by allowing fermentation to be carried out after moisture control of raw manure without solid-liquid separation, improving the heating structure of a fermentation tank where fermentation is carried out so as to maintain an appropriate temperature for fermentation, and effectively treating odors generated from a fermentation tank to prevent water pollution and air pollution.

[0002]

[0003] Generally, livestock waste (hereinafter referred to as livestock manure) refers to the excrement or urine excreted by livestock such as cows, pigs, and chickens, and is considered organic waste.

[0004]

[0005] This type of livestock manure is a major cause of soil and water pollution, as well as air pollution due to foul odors. A suitable solution to this pollution problem is to ferment the manure and use it as fertilizer, thereby providing nutrients for crops.

[0006]

[0007] However, most conventional fertilizer manufacturing equipment using livestock manure goes through a solid-liquid separation process to remove a large amount of moisture contained in the manure. However, because the fertilizer manufacturing process increases due to the solid-liquid separation process, there are problems such as the need for larger facilities and the time required for fertilizer manufacturing. In addition, livestock manure with reduced moisture through solid-liquid separation has the problem of increased load due to stirring in the fermentation process. In addition, the separated liquid is mainly processed as liquid fertilizer, but there are problems such as storage, lack of demand, and foul odor due to incomplete composting.

[0008]

[0009] And since the fermentation tank of the conventional fertilizer manufacturing device did not apply a heater device, fermentation has been carried out without temperature control, and among some technologies, an electric heater is inserted inside the fermentation tank to increase the temperature inside the fermentation tank, but this method has the problem that the heating temperature is concentrated only in the part that the electric heater directly contacts, and the stirring blades are installed at a distance from each other so that they do not interfere with the electric heater, so there was a structural problem that the heated manure could not be properly mixed with other manure.

[0010]

[0011] In addition, the fermentation method of continuously turning the manure inside the prefabricated building is a high-temperature fermentation method, but it cannot provide a uniform fermentation temperature for the entire manure, and there is a problem that it takes several dozen days until fermentation is completed.

[0012]

[0013] The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and aims to provide an eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure that can produce high-quality fertilizer by maintaining optimal fermentation conditions through a heating structure that can effectively increase the temperature inside the fermentation tank by omitting the liquid fertilizer treatment process by allowing moisture control inside the fermentation tank without going through a solid-liquid separation process, thereby simplifying the fertilizer manufacturing process.

[0014]

[0015] The present invention is characterized by comprising: a manure storage tank in which livestock manure in a manure state is stored; a fermentation tank in which livestock manure supplied from the manure storage tank and a moisture control agent made of dried natural plant by-products are input together to perform primary moisture control of the manure; a fermentation tank in which fermentation is performed through a continuous stirring process while maintaining a constant temperature through circulation of high-temperature heat transfer oil; a storage tank in which the manure fermented through the fermentation tank is temporarily stored; a mixing tank in which the fermented manure supplied from the storage tank is mixed with inorganic substances, a binder, yellow soil, and shells to perform secondary moisture control; a pneumatic device that forms the manure in the mixing tank into a fertilizer form; a dryer that dries the fertilizer that has undergone the pneumatic device to a moisture content of 15% or less; and a sorting and packaging device that sorts the dried fertilizer by size and packages and discharges it.

[0016]

[0017] In addition, the fermentation tank is characterized by comprising a main body having a manure inlet portion at the top and a manure discharge portion at the bottom, a stirring means installed on one side of the main body and having an internal stirring shaft rotated by a driving motor, an oil jacket installed in a form that surrounds the outer circumference of the main body, and a boiler that supplies high-temperature heat transfer oil into the oil jacket, recovers the heat transfer oil after heat exchange, and causes it to go through a circulation process.

[0018]

[0019] Also, the shape of the above body is " " It is formed in a shape, and a plurality of support ribs are formed to protrude from the outside of the main body, and the main body is installed in a form in which the support ribs of the main body are each placed on the upper part of a support post that is installed vertically, so that the main body is installed apart from the ground.

[0020]

[0021] In addition, a load cell is independently installed at the bottom of each of the support ribs to measure the weight of the injected contents and control the amount of fertilizer and moisture control agent injected.

[0022]

[0023] In addition, it further comprises an air supply means for supplying dry air and hot air into the main body of the fermentation tank, wherein the air supply means comprises: an air inlet which is installed at each lower end of the main body and supplies external air in the direction of the stirring shaft through an air supply blower, an air discharge port which is installed at each upper side of the main body and discharges the internal air of the main body to the outside through an exhaust blower, and a heating device which increases the temperature of the air supplied to the air inlet.

[0024]

[0025] In addition, it is characterized by further including an odor collecting unit installed on one side of the fermentation tank to capture odor generated inside the fermentation tank and supply the captured odor back into the fermentation tank in liquid form.

[0026]

[0027] The present invention simplifies the process of fertilizer production by allowing moisture control within a fermentation tank without going through a solid-liquid separation process, thereby omitting the conventional liquid fertilizer treatment process, and since the moisture content of livestock manure is higher than in the past during the fermentation process, the load during stirring can be minimized, thereby reducing the breakdown of the stirring device.

[0028]

[0029] In addition, the present invention has the advantage of maintaining optimal fermentation conditions by controlling the fermentation temperature by the heat of the heated heat medium oil by installing an oil jacket on the outside of the fermentation tank, thereby allowing easy and even heat transfer to the internal fermentation material, and effectively maintaining an appropriate fermentation temperature even in the event of changes in the external environment.

[0030]

[0031] Figure 1 is a drawing showing the entire configuration of an eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure of the present invention in the order of the process.

[0032] Figure 2 is a drawing showing a fermentation tank and a peripheral configuration connected to the fermentation tank in the fertilizer manufacturing device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 is a drawing showing the configuration of a fermentation tank in a fertilizer manufacturing device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of the fermentation tank of the present invention where an air inlet and an air outlet are installed.

[0035] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of the fermentation tank of the present invention where an oil jacket and a preheating device are installed.

[0036] Figure 6 is a drawing showing the configuration of an odor collection unit that treats odors in a fermentation tank in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 is a drawing showing another embodiment of a fermentation tank constituting a fertilizer manufacturing device of the present invention.

[0038]

[0039] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, such detailed description will be omitted.

[0040]

[0041] The present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, comprises a manure storage tank (100) in which manure in a raw manure state is stored, a fermentation tank (200) in which manure supplied from the manure storage tank (100) and a moisture regulator made of dried natural plant by-products are input together to perform primary moisture regulation of the manure, and fermentation is performed through a continuous stirring process while maintaining a constant temperature through circulation of high-temperature heat transfer oil, a storage tank (300) in which the manure fermented through the fermentation tank (200) is temporarily stored, a mixing tank (400) in which the fermented manure supplied from the storage tank (300) is mixed with inorganic substances, a binder, yellow soil, and shells, and secondary moisture regulation is performed, a pneumatizer (500) for forming the manure in the mixing tank (400) into a fertilizer form, a dryer (600) for drying the fertilizer that has gone through the pneumatization process to a moisture content of 15% or less, and a dryer for sorting the dried fertilizer by size and packaging and discharging it. It is characterized by being composed of a sorting packaging machine (700).

[0042]

[0043] The above raw manure storage tank (100) stores livestock manure in its original state before fermentation takes place, and the moisture content of the raw manure is approximately 90 to 95%.

[0044]

[0045] The present invention is a technology for supplying the moisture contained in the manure of the raw manure storage tank (100) directly to the fermentation tank (200) without a solid-liquid separation process. Therefore, the fertilizer manufacturing process is simplified by omitting the liquid fertilizer treatment process without a solid-liquid separation process, and the high moisture content of the manure inside the fermentation tank (200) allows for easy stirring.

[0046]

[0047] The fermentation tank (200) of the present invention is configured to perform primary moisture control of the livestock manure supplied from the raw manure storage tank (100) and then perform fermentation. Before fermentation, a sterilizing agent is first added to the livestock manure inside the fermentation tank (200) to remove harmful bacteria or microorganisms, and then, after a certain period of time, beneficial microorganisms are added to the soil.

[0048] The beneficial microorganisms used in the soil are at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Bacillus sp., Enterococcus sp., Saccharomyces sp., Pediococcus sp., and Streptococcus sp. These microorganisms have the effect of helping plant growth and promoting the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, thereby protecting the stems and roots.

[0049]

[0050] And in the fermentation tank (200), the moisture content of the manure is controlled by adding a moisture control agent, which is composed of dried natural plant by-products such as rice straw, sawdust, waste mushroom bed, coffee grounds, and coco peat. It is preferable to add the moisture control agent in an amount of 10 to 30% of the weight of the raw material, and the moisture content is reduced to 80 to 88% through the added moisture control agent.

[0051]

[0052] Furthermore, the present invention is characterized by the inclusion of coco peat as a moisture-regulating agent used for moisture control. Coco peat refers to a powdered material obtained by undergoing a physicochemical manufacturing process from byproducts extracted from coconut oil and fiber. Coco peat functions as a moisture-regulating agent and has the advantage of excellent water-holding capacity.

[0053]

[0054] The fermentation tank (200) of the present invention is structured and configured to maintain a temperature optimized for fermentation through a high-temperature heat medium circulation method. Furthermore, the fermentation temperature of the fermentation tank (200) of the present invention is characterized by a two-day fermentation process at a temperature of 35 to 45°C. If high-temperature fermentation is performed at 70 to 80°C or higher, a large amount of odorous gas may be generated. Therefore, by accurately maintaining the fermentation temperature, the odorous gas can be reduced.

[0055] The above fermentation tank (200) is characterized by comprising a main body (210) having a manure inlet (211) formed at the top and a manure discharger (212) formed at the bottom, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a stirring means (220) installed on one side of the main body (210) and having an internal stirring shaft (222) rotated by a driving motor (221), an oil jacket (230) installed in a form that surrounds the outer circumference of the main body (210), and a boiler (240) that supplies high-temperature heat transfer oil into the oil jacket (230), recovers the heat transfer oil that has undergone heat exchange, and causes it to go through a circulation process.

[0056]

[0057] The main body (210) constituting the above fermentation tank (200) is configured to carry out manure fermentation, and a manure input section (211) is formed at the top to supply external manure and moisture control agent, and a manure discharge section (212) is formed at the bottom to discharge manure that has completed fermentation. The manure discharge section (212) is installed at the lower central portion of the main body (210), and manure discharge is carried out by screw rotation as shown in the drawing.

[0058] And the shape of the above body (210) is as shown in Fig. 4. " It is formed in a shape, and a plurality of support ribs (213) are formed to protrude from the outside of the main body (210), and the main body (210) is installed in a form in which the support ribs (213) of the main body (210) are each placed on the upper part of a support post (250) that is installed vertically, so that the main body (210) is installed apart from the ground.

[0059]

[0060] In addition, a load cell (260) is independently installed at the bottom of each of the support ribs (213) to measure the weight of the injected contents and control the amount of fertilizer and moisture control agent injected.

[0061]

[0062] The above stirring means (220) is configured to be installed in parallel in pairs to match the shape of the main body (210), and rotates slowly during the fermentation process so that the temperature of the oil jacket (230) is evenly transmitted to the entire shaft. The above stirring means (220) is composed of a stirring shaft (222), a driving motor (221) that rotates the stirring shaft (222), and stirring blades (223) formed on the stirring shaft (222), as shown in the drawing.

[0063]

[0064] The above oil jacket (230) is installed on the outer surface of the main body (210), and high-temperature heat transfer oil is supplied into the oil jacket (230), so that the manure fermenting inside has a reinforcing function of the main body (210) with the oil jacket (230) alone. The heat transfer oil supplied to the oil jacket (230) goes through a circulation process through the boiler (240). That is, the temperature of the heat transfer oil is increased in the boiler (240) and supplied to the oil jacket (230), and the heat transfer oil, the temperature of which is lowered through heat exchange in the oil jacket (230), is recovered from the boiler (240) and reheated.

[0065]

[0066] And, a plurality of preheating devices (231) are further installed inside the oil jacket (230) to directly heat the heat medium oil of the oil jacket (230). The preheating devices (231) generate heat by electricity, and are installed at regular intervals as shown in FIG. 5 so that heat can be evenly transferred to the heat medium oil distributed inside the oil jacket (230). The preheating devices (231) have the function of rapidly increasing the temperature of the heat medium oil while maintaining the temperature uniformly, and of precisely and easily controlling the temperature control of the heat medium oil. The preheating devices (231) are used together with the boiler (240) to ensure efficient heat management.

[0067]

[0068] As described above, when the fermentation temperature is maintained using heat medium oil through the oil jacket (230), heat can be easily and evenly transferred to the internal components, and it has the advantage of being able to maintain a temperature appropriate for fermentation even in an environment with severe temperature changes.

[0069]

[0070] In addition, the fermentation tank (200) of the present invention is used together with an air supply means (800) that supplies dry air and hot air into the main body (210) of the fermentation tank (200) along with a heating method using heat medium oil.

[0071]

[0072] The specific configuration of the air supply means (800) is as shown in FIG. 2 or 4, and is composed of an air inlet (810) which is installed at the lower end of the main body (210) and supplies external air in the direction of the stirring shaft (222) through an air supply blower (811), an air discharge port (820) which is installed at one side of the upper portion of the main body (210) and discharges the air inside the main body (210) to the outside through an exhaust blower (821), and a heating device (830) which increases the temperature of the air supplied to the air inlet (810).

[0073]

[0074] The above air supply means (800) performs functions such as moisture control, stirring, and temperature control within the fermentation tank (200) to ensure optimal conditions for fermentation. That is, under normal circumstances, only dry air is supplied to assist in evaporating moisture within the fermentation tank (200), and when the temperature is to be raised, the heating device (830) is also operated to supply high-temperature dry air. In addition, when the internal temperature is excessively high, the overheating problem can be resolved through air volume control.

[0075]

[0076] In addition, the air inlet (810) supplies the injected air from below toward the stirring shaft (222) and the stirring blades (223), thereby further enhancing the effect of stirring and temperature control, and the air outlet (820) is formed on one side of the upper part, so that only the air at the top is discharged to the outside.

[0077]

[0078] In addition, the air inlet (810) and air outlet (820) are installed so that they can be opened and closed by means of an electronic valve, respectively, so that when the manure is discharged after the manure fermentation is complete, the valve of the air outlet (820) is closed and air is supplied to the air inlet (810), thereby pushing the manure with the pressure inside the main body (210), thereby making the manure discharge easier.

[0079]

[0080] And the present invention further includes an odor collecting unit (900) installed on one side of the fermentation tank (200) as shown in FIG. 2 to collect odor generated inside the fermentation tank (200) and supply the collected odor back into the fermentation tank (200) in liquid form.

[0081] The configuration of the above odor collection unit (900) is composed of a tower-shaped body (910), as shown in FIG. 6, a spray nozzle (920) for supplying washing water to the upper inner side of the body (910), a filter member (930) for capturing odorous substances in odorous gas by the washing water at the lower part of the spray nozzle (920), a storage tank (940) for filling liquid containing foreign substances at the lower part of the filter member (930), and a wastewater tank (950) for selectively storing sediment and floating substances in the storage tank (940) at the lower part of the storage tank (940).

[0082]

[0083] The purification process of the above-mentioned odor collection unit (900) will be described. When odorous gas is supplied to the storage tank (940), it rises to the upper part of the storage tank (940) and meets the washing water in the filter member (930). At this time, the odorous substances contained in the odorous gas are added to the washing water and fall back into the storage tank (940), and the highly contaminated sediments or floating matters in the storage tank (940) move to the wastewater tank (950). The water in the wastewater tank (950) thus collected is then fed back into the fermentation tank (200) and used for the purpose of promoting fermentation.

[0084]

[0085] The sediment and floating matter supplied to the above wastewater tank (950) are in a liquid state, and as time passes, sedimentation occurs once more inside the wastewater tank (950). Therefore, as shown in the drawing, a sedimentation net (951) is installed at a certain height from the lower part of the wastewater tank (950) so that high viscosity sludge is sedimented to the lower part of the sedimentation net (951). The sedimentation net (951) is made of a mesh of small holes, and has the function of preventing the sludge settled by the sedimentation net (951) from floating up and maintaining the sludge layer. The sludge settled in this way is discharged to the outside through the sludge discharge port (952) at the lower part of the wastewater tank (950) to be discarded or recycled for another purpose.

[0086]

[0087] And the storage tank (940) and the wastewater tank (950) are partitioned by a partition wall (941), and a sludge dropping pipe (960) is installed at the bottom of the partition wall (941) so that the sediment in the storage tank (940) is moved to the wastewater tank (950). The lower end of the sludge dropping pipe (960) is extended so that it penetrates to the lower part of the sedimentation network (951) so that the sludge is supplied to the lower part of the sedimentation network (951). As the sludge dropping pipe (960) is installed in this way, the sludge coming down through the pipe can be accumulated at the lower part of the sedimentation network (951) without passing through the intermediate water of the wastewater tank (950).

[0088]

[0089] In addition, an electronically opened / closed valve (961) is installed in the sludge dropping pipe (960), and the opening / closing control is performed so that only the sediment in the storage tank (940) moves to the wastewater tank (950).

[0090]

[0091] And in the wastewater tank (950), a first concentration sensor (970a) for measuring the concentration at the bottom of the sedimentation network (951) based on the sedimentation network (951) and a second concentration sensor (970b) for measuring the concentration at the top of the sedimentation network (951) are respectively installed. The first concentration sensor (970a) measures the concentration of the settled sludge and determines whether to discharge it through the sludge discharge unit (952), and the second concentration sensor (970b) measures the concentration of the wastewater tank (950), and if the concentration is lower than the reference concentration, it is recycled as washing water, and if the concentration is higher than the reference concentration, it is sent to the fermentation tank (200).

[0092]

[0093] In addition, the washing water used in the above-mentioned spray nozzle (920) can be supplied as external water, but it can also be supplied in the form of circulating water in the storage tank (940).

[0094]

[0095] In this way, the present invention can effectively treat the odor generated in the fermentation tank (200) through the odor collection unit (900) and eliminate the amount of wastewater generated.

[0096]

[0097] When the fermentation of the manure is completed through the above fermentation tank (200), it is temporarily stored in a storage tank (300) and then supplied to a mixing tank (400).

[0098]

[0099] The above mixing tank (400) receives fermented manure and mixes it with inorganic substances, binders, yellow soil, and shells, and then goes through a secondary moisture control process to adjust the moisture content back to 55 to 60%. The inorganic substances include components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and yellow soil and shells are used to improve soil quality. A binder that helps with fertilization is also mixed in.

[0100]

[0101] Then, the livestock manure in the mixing tank (400) is formed into fertilizer through a ventilator (500), and the formed solid fertilizer is dried to a moisture content of 15% or less through a dryer (600). At this time, the drying temperature is set to 80 to 120°C. It is preferable that the drying temperature be applied to a degree that does not kill the microorganisms contained in the livestock manure, and it is preferable that drying is performed within the above range taking into account the temperature that the type of microorganism can withstand.

[0102]

[0103] The dried fertilizer is finally sorted by size in a sorting and packaging machine (700) and then packaged and discharged.

[0104]

[0105] Fig. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, in which a heating rod (222a) is connected through the center of the stirring shaft (222) in the longitudinal direction of the stirring shaft (222) so that heat generated from the heating rod (222a) is transferred to the outside of the stirring shaft (222). When the heat of the stirring shaft (222) is increased by the heating rod (222a), a configuration is further included that can increase the temperature inside the fermenter (200), thereby providing the advantage of efficient temperature control and uniform temperature transfer.

[0106] In addition, when the surface of the stirring shaft (222) is embossed, the contact area increases, thereby increasing heat transfer efficiency.

[0107]

[0108] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the above embodiments, it is of course possible to make various modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A raw manure storage tank (100) in which raw manure is stored, A fermentation tank (200) in which the manure supplied from the above-mentioned raw material storage tank (100) and a moisture control agent made of dried natural plant by-products are added together to perform primary moisture control of the manure, and fermentation is performed through a continuous stirring process while maintaining a constant temperature through circulation of high-temperature heat medium oil, A storage tank (300) in which the manure fermented through the above fermentation tank (200) is temporarily stored, A mixing tank (400) in which fermented manure from the above storage tank (300) is supplied and inorganic substances, binder, yellow soil, and shells are mixed and secondary moisture control is performed; A ventilator (500) that forms the manure of the above mixing tank (400) into a fertilizer form, A dryer (600) that dries the fertilizer that has gone through the above-mentioned fertilization process to a moisture content of 15% or less, An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized by comprising a sorting and packaging machine (700) that sorts the dried fertilizer by size and packages and discharges it.

2. In paragraph 1, The above fermentation tank (200) A main body (210) having a manure inlet (211) formed at the top and a manure discharge (212) formed at the bottom, A stirring means (220) installed on one side of the main body (210) and having an internal stirring shaft (222) rotated by a driving motor (221), An oil jacket (230) installed in a form that surrounds the outer surface of the main body (210), An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized by comprising a boiler (240) that supplies high-temperature heat transfer oil into the oil jacket (230) and recovers the heat transfer oil through heat exchange and allows it to go through a circulation process.

3. In paragraph 2, The shape of the above body (210) is " " An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure characterized in that it is formed in a shape, and a plurality of support ribs (213) are protruded outwardly from the main body (210), and the main body (210) is installed in a form in which the support ribs (213) of the main body (210) are each placed on the upper part of a support post (250) that is installed vertically, so that the main body (210) is installed apart from the ground.

4. In paragraph 3, An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized in that a load cell (260) is independently installed at the bottom of each of the above support ribs (213) to measure the weight of the input contents and control the input amount of livestock manure and moisture control agent.

5. In paragraph 2, It further comprises an air supply means (800) for supplying dry air and hot air into the main body (210) of the above fermentation tank (200); The above air supply means (800) is; An air inlet (810) is installed at the lower end of the main body (210) and supplies external air in the direction of the stirring shaft (222) through a supply air blower (811), An air outlet (820) installed on each upper side of the main body (210) to discharge the air inside the main body (210) to the outside through an exhaust blower (821), An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized by comprising a heating device (830) that increases the temperature of air supplied to the air inlet (810); 6. In paragraph 1, An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized in that it further includes an odor collecting unit (900) installed on one side of the fermentation tank (200) to collect odor generated inside the fermentation tank (200) and supply the collected odor back into the fermentation tank (200) in liquid form.

7. In paragraph 2, An eco-friendly fertilizer manufacturing device using livestock manure, characterized in that a heating rod (222a) is connected to the center of the stirring shaft (222) in the longitudinal direction of the stirring shaft (222) so that the heat generated from the heating rod (222a) is transmitted to the outside of the stirring shaft (222).

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