Supporting device for supporting long items

Abstract

The invention relates to a supporting device for supporting long items (2), in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle (16), comprising a substantially horizontal bearing bar (4) and a substantially horizontal support bar (5) for forming a support surface (8) for holding the long items (2), the support bar being mounted above the bearing bar (4) for vertical movement, wherein: the bearing bar (4) is in the form of a metal shaped tube or hollow profiled element; a hydraulic bladder accumulator (6) and at least two, preferably four, hydraulic cylinders (7) connected to the bladder accumulator (6) are provided; the hydraulic cylinders (7) are disposed in the bearing bar (4), protrude upward from the bearing bar (4) and support the support bar (5) so that the support surface (8) is hydraulically supported. The invention also relates to a loading frame (1), to a rail vehicle (16) and to a rail-bound transportation means (20).

Description

[0001] Storage device for long goods

[0002] The invention relates to a storage device for storing long goods, in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a loading frame with such a storage device, as well as to a rail vehicle and a rail-based means of transport.

[0003] For the construction or maintenance of track systems, new rails must be transported from their manufacturing or storage location to their destination. Long rails with a length of over 100 m are particularly preferred, among other things to minimize the number of welds required along a track. Such long goods cannot be transported effectively by road, for example, on trucks.

[0004] It is known from the prior art to transport long goods such as rails, and in particular long rails, to their destination on rail-bound means of transport, especially on railway trains. The rails extend lengthwise over a row of rail vehicles, which are generally known as wagons or carriages. Rail vehicles for long goods are usually designed as flat wagons. These are freight wagons that usually have a continuous, flat floor and no, or at most low, open-topped, superstructures. Superstructures are often provided for securing the load on the respective rail vehicle and, in the case of long goods, can comprise so-called loading frames in which several layers of long goods are arranged side by side. The loading frames are preferably intended to prevent the long goods from slipping sideways, particularly when cornering.

[0005] Rail vehicles have a maximum payload to prevent their wheelsets or the track system from being overloaded by excessive total weight. Measuring points are often located along a track system to detect overloads. In the event of an overload, the rail-bound vehicle must be stopped at the earliest opportunity and the overload rectified. This is usually associated with enormous effort, as the long goods must be unloaded using special equipment and reloaded after the problem has been rectified, resulting in long downtimes and high costs.

[0006] It can happen that individual rail vehicles of a rail-bound vehicle are up to 4 cm lower than others, for example due to worn wheels or defective suspension. When loading with long goods, this can result in higher rail vehicles having to support more weight, while lower rail vehicles carry correspondingly less. To compensate for such differences, previously, either the payload was reduced or wooden blocks were placed under the rails, the thickness of which had previously been adjusted to the different standing heights of the individual rail vehicles. This ensured that the load from the rails was evenly distributed across all rail vehicles.

[0007] Fundamentally, it is always important to maximize the maximum payload weight in order to increase transport efficiency and minimize handling effort during loading. The object of the invention is therefore to eliminate these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to improve transport efficiency when transporting long goods.

[0008] These and other objects are achieved according to the invention by a storage device, a loading frame, a rail vehicle and a rail-bound means of transport according to the independent claims.

[0009] A storage device according to the invention comprises a substantially horizontal storage beam and a substantially horizontal support beam mounted vertically movable above the storage beam to form a support surface for receiving the long goods.

[0010] According to the invention, the support beam is designed as a metallic shaped tube or hollow profile. A hydraulic bladder accumulator and at least two, preferably four, hydraulic cylinders connected to the bladder accumulator are provided. The hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the support beam, protrude upward from the support beam, and support the support beam, so that the support surface is hydraulically mounted.

[0011] Shaped tubes or hollow profiles offer the advantage of reducing weight compared to solid rods or beams. Furthermore, additional components, such as the hydraulic cylinders in this case, can be installed within such hollow forms. This protects such components from damage and tampering.

[0012] The support beam rests on the hydraulic cylinders and forms a support surface on which long goods such as rails can be placed and stored.

[0013] The hydraulic bearing of the support beam is designed so that if the loading frame is overloaded, the support beam is lowered to redistribute part of the load to other, adjacent support points for the long goods. This lowering occurs automatically when a certain threshold load is exceeded. According to the invention, the hydraulic cylinders can be arranged essentially equidistantly along the width of the support beam. This achieves the most even distribution possible of the load of the support beam and the long goods placed on it among the hydraulic cylinders.

[0014] According to the invention, the hydraulic cylinders can be connected to the bladder accumulator via a common hydraulic manifold. This ensures that the same pressure is applied to all hydraulic cylinders.

[0015] According to the invention, the bladder accumulator can have a pressure chamber filled with compressed gas and a storage chamber filled with hydraulic fluid. It can be provided that the pressure chamber is separated from the storage chamber by a membrane. Furthermore, it can be provided that the hydraulic cylinders are hydraulically connected to the storage chamber. Furthermore, it can be provided that the pressure in the pressure chamber is preferably in the range of approximately 90 bar to approximately 120 bar.

[0016] The compressed gas in the pressure chamber exerts counterpressure on the diaphragm, counteracting the pressure of the hydraulic fluid caused by the long loads resting on it. The bladder accumulator can be designed to accommodate a threshold load. If the long loads resting on it exceed this threshold load, the hydraulic fluid can move the diaphragm, preferably automatically, toward the pressure chamber and compress it. This allows the hydraulic cylinders to be pushed together and the support beam to be lowered. The lowering process ends automatically when the gas pressure in the pressure chamber again matches the pressure exerted by the hydraulic fluid on the diaphragm. A range of 90 bar to 120 bar for the pressure of the compressed gas in the pressure chamber has proven to be favorable.

[0017] The invention further relates to a loading frame for storing long goods, in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle, which comprises a storage device according to the invention.

[0018] A loading frame according to the invention can comprise two substantially vertically arranged support beams, wherein the lower ends of the support beams are connected via the bearing beam. Thus, the vertical support beams can essentially form an LI shape with the bearing beam. The support beams can effectively prevent long goods from shifting laterally beyond the ends of the storage device and falling off the storage device.

[0019] According to the invention, the support beams can be designed as metallic shaped tubes or hollow profiles. The bladder accumulator can be arranged partially or entirely within one of the support beams.

[0020] Shaped tubes or hollow profiles have the advantage of allowing weight savings compared to solid rods or beams. Additionally, additional components, such as the hydraulic system comprising the bladder accumulator and the hydraulic cylinders in this case, can be installed within such hollow forms. The hydraulic lines, and in particular the manifold, can be routed within the hollow support beams and the hollow bearing beam of the storage device. Preferably, the hydraulic lines, and in particular the manifold, can be routed through the connection between the bearing beam and the support beam. This protects the components from damage and tampering.

[0021] According to the invention, at least one further, substantially horizontal, support beam can be provided on the support beams to form additional support surfaces for receiving additional long goods. The additional support beam can be arranged at a distance above the support beam of the storage device and mounted for vertical movement. It can simultaneously serve as a spacer for a layer of long goods located below it and form a support surface for a further layer of long goods, and preferably rests on a layer of long goods located below it.

[0022] Forces caused by long goods resting on the further support beam are thus transferred to the layer of long goods arranged below and further down to the lowest support beam.

[0023] The invention further relates to a rail vehicle for transporting long goods, comprising at least one storage device according to the invention and / or at least one loading frame according to the invention arranged thereon. With a storage device according to the invention and / or a loading frame according to the invention, in particular, the support height of the long goods, i.e., their distance from the tracks, can be varied and / or adjusted.

[0024] According to the invention, the rail vehicle can be provided with a loading area.

[0025] In low-load areas, the loading area can have a grating structure, preferably made of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic or aluminum. This type of lightweight construction can reduce the weight of the rail vehicle. For a given maximum weight of the rail vehicle, including its load, the permissible payload can thus be increased. The low-load areas are designed for light loads, such as those that occur when a person stands or walks on them. Low-load areas can carry loads of 80 kg, 100 kg, or 120 kg, for example.

[0026] Furthermore, the loading area in heavy-duty areas can preferably have a full-surface, metallic sheet metal construction. The heavy-duty areas can accommodate significantly higher loads. For example, a heavy-duty area can support loads of up to 40 t or 50 t, whereby the construction of the rail vehicle, the loading area, the low-load areas, and the heavy-duty areas can be designed with a safety factor, for example, 1.5 or 2 times the safety factor.

[0027] According to the invention, it can be provided that the storage devices and / or loading racks are arranged in heavy-load areas.

[0028] If necessary, several, in particular five, heavy-duty areas may be provided on a rail vehicle. The heavy-duty areas are preferably rectangular.

[0029] They preferably extend across the entire width and over part of the length of the loading area. Storage devices and / or loading racks can be located in some of these heavy-duty areas, for example, two of them. Other heavy-duty areas can also remain free. Positioning storage devices and / or loading racks in heavy-duty areas ensures that only areas designed to accommodate heavy loads are subjected to heavy loads.

[0030] According to the invention, heavy-duty areas can be arranged centrally and / or symmetrically with respect to the center of the rail vehicle's longitudinal extension. Such a symmetrical arrangement of the heavy-duty areas ensures that, when arranging several rail vehicles in a rail-bound transport system, attention does not have to be paid to the orientation of the individual rail vehicles. If there are several, for example, five heavy-duty areas on a rail vehicle and preferably two storage devices and / or loading racks on them, a multitude of positioning options on the loading area are available, regardless of the orientation of the vehicle.

[0031] However, it is also possible to position the storage devices and / or loading racks in a manner that is not symmetrical with respect to the center of the rail vehicle.

[0032] This variety of possible positioning options allows for the arrangement of storage devices and / or loading racks on a rail vehicle to be tailored to the specific requirements of the long goods. In particular, this allows for the distance between two storage devices or loading racks to be adjusted, especially if they are located on the same or adjacent rail vehicles.

[0033] According to the invention, it can be provided that heavy load areas are arranged near the ends of the rail vehicle with respect to its longitudinal extent, in particular at a distance of approximately 2.4 m and / or approximately 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle.

[0034] These distances from the ends of the rail vehicles are approximately above the positions of the bogies, which has proven advantageous with regard to the loading of the rail vehicle frames and the lateral guidance of long goods in curves. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail-based means of transport for transporting long goods, comprising one or more rail vehicles according to the invention.

[0035] By arranging rail vehicles with lengths between approximately 14 m and approximately 25 m, preferably with a length of approximately 20 m and / or approximately 22 m, a required total length of the rail-bound means of transport can be achieved which is sufficient to transport long rails with a length of up to 180 m.

[0036] According to the invention, the rail-based means of transport can comprise a rail vehicle on which a fixed bearing for long goods is arranged. The long goods are preferably clamped in the fixed bearing. It can be provided that only one of the rail vehicles of the rail-based means of transport has a fixed bearing in order to avoid over-determination and the associated problems, particularly when cornering. The fixed bearing can preferably be attached to a heavy-duty area arranged centrally along the longitudinal extent of the rail vehicle.

[0037] The basic structure of a fixed bearing support can comprise two U-shaped frames, each having a substantially horizontal support sleeper and two substantially vertical support beams. To improve the stability of the fixed bearing support, the two frames can be connected by means of struts between the support beams of adjacent frames. The support sleepers can form support surfaces for long goods. The fixed bearing support can in particular comprise two support sleepers arranged parallel to one another and transversely to the longitudinal extent of the rail vehicle. The support sleepers can form support surfaces for receiving long goods. A substantially vertically arranged support beam can be arranged at each end of the support sleepers. The support beams can be connected to the support sleeper at their lower ends. Support beams adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle can be connected by means of struts.However, other designs of the fixed bearing are also conceivable. According to the invention, at least one essentially horizontal support beam can be provided on the support beams to form additional support surfaces for receiving additional long goods. The support beam can be arranged at a distance above the respective support sleeper and mounted so as to be vertically movable. Such additional support beams can simultaneously serve as spacers to a layer of long goods located underneath and form a support surface for a further layer of long goods. The additional support beam preferably rests on a layer of long goods arranged underneath. Forces caused by long goods resting on the additional support beam are transferred via the support beam to the layer of long goods arranged underneath and further to the support sleeper of the fixed bearing.

[0038] According to the invention, a substantially horizontally extending clamping beam can be provided, which is attached to the support beams. The clamping beam can have at least one clamping device designed to press the long goods against the support sleeper and preferably against the support beams, so that the long goods are clamped in the fixed bearing. This prevents the long goods from moving in the longitudinal direction of the rail-bound means of transport.

[0039] According to the invention, the clamping device can be provided with two or more clamping jaws pre-tensioned against the support beams by resilient elements, in particular spring steel elements. This counteracts any bending or bulging in the center region of the clamping jaw. Such clamping jaws, which are pre-tensioned against the support beams and preferably against the long goods by resilient elements, in particular spring steel elements, can thus better distribute the contact pressure of the clamping beam across the long goods.

[0040] According to the invention, the clamping jaws can be arranged in a row along the longitudinal extent of the clamping beam and preferably have a sliding tongue and groove connection. This allows the clamping beam's contact pressure to be transmitted and distributed more effectively to the long goods. In particular, the tongue and groove connection prevents the formation of a gap between the clamping jaws.

[0041] A fixed bearing can comprise two frames, each with a support sleeper and two support beams, each with a clamping beam with a clamping device, in particular with clamping jaws, and connected to each other via struts. Long goods clamped in a fixed bearing can thus be prevented from moving both transversely and longitudinally relative to the rail vehicle.

[0042] In all embodiments of a rail vehicle according to the invention, different heavy-duty areas can have base areas of different sizes. In particular, a heavy-duty area can be provided in the middle of the loading area, the base area of ​​which is designed to accommodate a fixed bearing. Such an enlarged heavy-duty area is preferably suitable for accommodating two frames, each having a tensioning beam with a tensioning device, in particular with clamping jaws, and connected via struts. A construction comprising two frames, each having a tensioning beam with a tensioning device and connected via struts, acts as a fixed bearing for the long goods to be transported. These can thus be prevented from moving both transversely to the rail vehicle and longitudinally.

[0043] As a rule, only one of the rail vehicles in a rail-bound transport system should have a fixed bearing. In contrast, the loading frames, especially on the other rail vehicles, should not have tensioning beams to clamp the long goods and should only prevent the long goods from moving transversely to the rail vehicle. This allows the long goods to bend when cornering, and the outer long goods do not have to stretch but can slide over the loading frames, which thus act as a loose bearing.

[0044] According to the invention, it can be provided that on other rail vehicles, storage devices and / or loading racks are preferably arranged on heavy-duty areas near the ends of the loading area of ​​the respective rail vehicle, in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle.

[0045] The technical function of these storage devices and / or loading racks is to support the long goods at intervals along the length of the long goods that are adapted to the requirements of the long goods. To avoid tensile or compressive forces in the longitudinal direction of the long goods, the long goods can slide over those storage devices and / or loading racks that are not intended to clamp and hold the long goods.

[0046] According to the invention, it can be provided that bearing devices for forming additional, in particular hydraulically mounted, support surfaces for long goods are arranged on a rail vehicle with a fixed bearing arranged centrally along its longitudinal extent. These can be arranged in heavy-duty areas near the ends of the loading area, in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that on other rail vehicles, a support sleeper is arranged in a heavy-duty area provided centrally with respect to the longitudinal extent of the respective rail vehicle to form an additional support surface for long goods.

[0047] These support sleepers are therefore positioned, preferably centrally, between two support devices and / or loading frames of another rail vehicle. Compared to support devices according to the invention, such support sleepers can be designed without hydraulic bearings and thus have a lower weight.

[0048] It may be advantageous to provide storage devices and / or loading racks with hydraulic bearings in heavy-duty areas located close to points with potentially different levels of loading platforms, particularly near the ends of the platforms. In less critical positions located farther away from points with potentially different levels, for example, along the longitudinal axis of the respective rail vehicle, it may be advantageous to provide sleepers without hydraulic bearings for additional support of the long goods to save weight.

[0049] In the area above storage devices and support sleepers, spacers can be provided between the layers of long goods, acting similarly to the support beams of a loading frame according to the invention. Further features of the invention are evident from the patent claims, the exemplary embodiments, and the following figures.

[0050] The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. They show:

[0051] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a loading frame according to the invention;

[0052] Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional representation of a fixed bearing;

[0053] Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a detail of a fixed bearing;

[0054] Fig. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional representation of a rail vehicle according to the invention;

[0055] Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a rail-based means of transport according to the invention.

[0056] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a loading frame 1 according to the invention. The loading frame 1 comprises two vertical support beams 3, 3', which are connected at their lower ends via the bearing beam 4 of a storage device. The support beams 3, 3' and the bearing beam 4 are shown in section. Within the bearing beam 4, four hydraulic cylinders 7 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the bearing beam 4 of the loading frame 1 and at largely equal distances from one another.

[0057] A support beam 5 is arranged on the hydraulic cylinders 7 so as to be vertically displaceable along the support beams 3, 3' and is thus hydraulically mounted. The support beam 5 forms a support surface 8 for long goods 2. In the illustration in Fig. 1, the long goods 2 are rails indicated by their cross-sectional profile. Above the long goods 2, a further support beam 5' is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2 and forms a further support surface 8' for further long goods 2'. Above the long goods 2', a further support beam 5" is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2' and forms a further support surface 8" for further long goods 2". The support beams 5, 5' and 5" thus form support surfaces 8, 8' and 8" for long goods 2, 2' and 2". At the same time, the additional support beams 5' and 5" act as spacers between the layers of long goods 2, 2', 2".

[0058] The hydraulic cylinders 7 are connected to a bladder accumulator 6 via lines leading to a common manifold 9. The bladder accumulator 6 comprises a pressure chamber 10 filled with compressed gas and a storage chamber 11 filled with a hydraulic fluid. The pressure chamber 10 and the storage chamber 11 are separated from each other by a membrane 12.

[0059] Fig. 2 shows a schematic three-dimensional representation of a fixed storage 21 comprising two frames connected by struts. The frames each comprise two vertical support beams 3", which are connected at their lower ends via a support sleeper 22. The frames of the fixed storage 21 of Fig. 2 are similar to the loading frame 1 according to Fig. 1. However, no hydraulic system for height adjustment is provided in the fixed storage 21 according to Fig. 2. Furthermore, in Fig. 2, the clamped long goods 2, 2', 2" have been omitted to ensure better clarity.

[0060] The frames of the fixed storage 21 each comprise, in addition to the components of the loading frame 1 according to Fig. 1, a clamping beam 13. For better illustration, one clamping beam 13 is partially hidden in the illustration in Fig. 2 so that the clamping jaws 14 and the spring steel elements 15 arranged therein are visible. The clamping jaws 14 are pressed downwards away from the clamping beam 13 against the long goods 2" (not shown) by the spring steel elements 15. This pressure is transferred from the long goods 2" to the upper support beam 5'" and subsequently to the long goods 2', the lower support beam 5'", the long goods 2 and finally to the support sleeper 22, so that the long goods 2, 2', 2" are clamped between the clamping beams 13, the support beams 5'" and the support sleepers 22. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a detail of a fixed bearing 21.The frame shown comprises two vertical support beams 3”, which are connected at their lower ends by a support sill 22.

[0061] The support sleeper 22 forms a support surface 8 for long goods 2. In the illustration in Fig. 3, the long goods 2 are rails. Above the long goods 2, a support beam 5'" is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2 and forms a further support surface 8'" for further long goods 2'. Above the long goods 2', a further support beam 5'" is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2' and forms a further support surface 8'" for further long goods 2". The support sleeper 22 and the support beams 5'" thus form support surfaces 8 and 8'" for long goods 2, 2' and 2". At the same time, the further support beams 5'" act as spacers between the layers of long goods 2, 2', 2".

[0062] The frame according to Fig. 3 comprises, in addition to the components of the loading frame 1 according to Fig. 1, a clamping beam 13. For better illustration, the clamping beam 13 is shown cut away in the illustration in Fig. 3 so that the clamping jaws 14 and the spring steel elements 15 are visible. The clamping jaws 14 are pressed downwards away from the clamping beam 13 against the long goods 2" (not shown) by the spring steel elements 15. This pressure is transferred from the long goods 2" to the support beam 5" and subsequently to the long goods 2', the support beam 5', the long goods 2 and finally to the support sleeper 22, so that the long goods 2, 2', 2" are clamped between the clamping beams 13 and the support sleeper 22, or between the clamping jaws 14, the support beams 5', 5" and the support sleeper 22.

[0063] Fig. 4 shows a schematic three-dimensional representation of a rail vehicle 16 according to the invention. The rail vehicle 16 comprises a loading area 17 which is divided into areas. Individual areas are provided as low-load areas 18 and have a lattice structure. The lattice structure has a reduced weight compared to the loading areas of similar, conventional rail vehicles and is designed so that a person can walk over it. Other areas are provided as heavy-load areas 19 and have a sheet metal construction. This sheet metal construction is designed to withstand high loads. For example, in the heavy-load areas 19 with a sheet metal construction, storage devices according to the invention and / or loading frames 1 according to the invention can be set up, which then transfer high loads to the heavy-load areas 19 by means of long goods 2, 2', 2" resting thereon.The loads that occur can be up to 40 t or 50 t, for example.

[0064] Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a rail-bound means of transport 20 according to the invention. In the embodiment of Fig. 5, the rail-bound means of transport 20 comprises five rail vehicles 16 according to the invention, for example according to the embodiment of Fig. 4. The loading areas 17 of the rail vehicles 16 have low-load areas 18 and heavy-load areas 19 (not shown).

[0065] On the loading area 17 of one of the rail vehicles 16, namely on the middle rail vehicle 16, a fixed bearing 21, for example according to Fig. 2, is provided in its middle region for clamping long goods 2, 2', 2". This fixed bearing 21 comprises two racks, for example according to Fig. 2 or Fig. 3. In front of and behind the fixed bearing 21 on the middle rail vehicle 16, in heavy-duty areas 19 near the ends of the middle rail vehicle 16, storage devices according to the invention are arranged, which form hydraulically mounted support surfaces 8 for long goods 2. On the loading areas 17 of the other rail vehicles 16, i.e. on the outer rail vehicles 16, loading racks 1 are set up, which form loose storage for long goods 2, 2', 2". These loading racks 1 are arranged in heavy-duty areas 19 near the ends of the respective rail vehicle 16.Between the two loading frames 1 of one of these rail vehicles 16, a support sleeper 22 is arranged in the center of the respective rail vehicle 16, which forms a further support surface for long goods 2, 2', 2". In the area of ​​the support sleepers 22 and / or the storage devices, spacers (not shown) can be provided between the layers of long goods 2, 2', 2", which act similarly to the support beams 5', 5" of a loading frame 1 according to the invention. List of reference symbols.

[0066] 1 loading frame

[0067] 2, 2', 2" long goods

[0068] 3, 3', 3" support beams

[0069] 4 bearing beams

[0070] 5, 5', 5", 5'" support beam

[0071] 6 bladder storage

[0072] 7 hydraulic cylinders

[0073] 8, 8', 8", 8'" support surface

[0074] 9 Collecting line

[0075] 10 Printing room

[0076] 11 Storage space

[0077] 12 Membran

[0078] 13 tension beams

[0079] 14 clamping jaw

[0080] 15 spring steel element

[0081] 16 rail vehicles

[0082] 17 Loading area

[0083] 18 Low load range

[0084] 19 Heavy-duty area

[0085] 20 Rail-based transport

[0086] 21 fixed bearings

[0087] 22 Support threshold

Claims

Patent claims 1. Storage device for storing long goods (2), in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle (16), comprising - a substantially horizontal support beam (4) and - a substantially horizontal support beam (5) mounted vertically movable above the support beam (4) to form a support surface (8) for receiving the long goods (2), characterized in that - the bearing beam (4) is designed as a metallic shaped tube or hollow profile, wherein - a hydraulic bladder accumulator (6) and at least two, preferably four, hydraulic cylinders (7) connected to the bladder accumulator (6) are provided, wherein - the hydraulic cylinders (7) are arranged in the bearing beam (4), protrude upwards from the bearing beam (4) and support the support beam (5) so that the support surface (8) is hydraulically mounted.

2. Bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (7) are arranged distributed substantially equidistantly along the width of the bearing beam (4).

3. Storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (7) are connected to the bladder accumulator (6) via a common hydraulic collecting line (9).

4. Bearing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bladder accumulator (6) has a pressure chamber (10) filled with compressed gas and a storage chamber (11) filled with hydraulic fluid, wherein the pressure chamber (10) is separated from the storage chamber (11) by a membrane (12), wherein the hydraulic cylinders (7) are hydraulically connected to the storage chamber (11), and wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber (10) is preferably in the range from about 90 bar to about 120 bar.

5. Loading frame (1) for storing long goods (2), in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle (16), comprising a storage device according to one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Loading frame (1) according to claim 5, comprising two substantially vertically arranged support beams (3, 3'), characterized in that the lower ends of the support beams (3, 3') are connected via the bearing beam (4).

7. Loading frame (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the support beams (3, 3') are designed as metallic shaped tubes or hollow profiles, wherein the bladder accumulator (6) is arranged partially or entirely within one of the support beams (3, 3').

8. Loading frame (1) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one further, substantially horizontal support beam (5', 5") arranged at a distance above the support beam (5) of the storage device, is provided on the support beams (3, 3') to form further support surfaces (8', 8") for receiving further long goods (2', 2").

9. Rail vehicle (16) for transporting long goods (2) comprising at least one storage device arranged thereon according to one of claims 1 to 4 and / or at least one loading frame (1) arranged thereon according to one of claims 5 to 8.

10. Rail vehicle (16) according to claim 9, characterized in that a loading area (17) is provided, wherein the loading area (17) in low-load areas (18) has a grating construction, preferably comprising glass fiber reinforced plastic or aluminum, and in heavy-load areas (19) has a preferably full-surface, metallic sheet metal construction.

11. Rail vehicle (16) according to claim 10, characterized in that one or more storage devices and / or one or more loading frames (1) are arranged in heavy load areas (19).

12. Rail vehicle (16) according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that heavy load areas (19) are arranged centrally and / or symmetrically with respect to the center with respect to the longitudinal extent of the rail vehicle (16).

13. Rail vehicle (16) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that heavy load areas (19) are arranged near the ends of the rail vehicle with respect to its longitudinal extent, in particular at a distance of approximately 2.4 m and / or approximately 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle (16).

14. Rail-bound means of transport (20) for transporting long goods (2, 2', 2"), comprising one or more rail vehicles (16) according to one of claims 9 to 13.

15. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 14, characterized in that a fixed bearing (21) for long goods (2, 2', 2") is arranged on the rail vehicle (16), wherein the fixed bearing (21) is fastened to a heavy-load area (19) arranged centrally along the longitudinal extent of the rail vehicle (16).

16. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 15, characterized in that the fixed bearing (21) comprises two support sleepers (22) arranged parallel to one another and transversely to the longitudinal extent of the rail vehicle (16), which form support surfaces (8) for receiving long goods (2), wherein vertically arranged support beams (3") are arranged at the ends of the support sleepers (22), which are connected at their lower ends to the support sleepers (22), and wherein adjacent support beams (3") in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle (16) are connected by means of struts.

17. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that on the support beams (3") at least one, at a distance a vertically movable, substantially horizontal support beam (5") arranged above the respective support threshold (22) is provided to form further support surfaces (8") for receiving further long goods (2', 2").

18. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that a clamping beam (13) is provided which is fastened to the support beam (3") and runs essentially horizontally, wherein the clamping beam (13) has at least one clamping device which is designed to press the long goods (2, 2', 2") against the support sleeper (22) and preferably against the support beams (5"'), so that the long goods (2, 2', 2") are clamped in the fixed bearing (21).

19. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that the clamping device has two or more clamping jaws (14) pre-tensioned against the support beams (5'') by means of resilient elements, in particular spring steel elements (15).

20. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 19, characterized in that the clamping jaws (14) are arranged in a row along the longitudinal extent of the clamping beam (13) and are preferably in a sliding tongue and groove connection.

21. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that storage devices and / or loading frames (1), preferably on heavy-duty areas (19) near the ends of the loading area (17) of the respective rail vehicle (16), in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle (16), are arranged on other rail vehicles (16).

22. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that - on a rail vehicle (16) with a fixed bearing (21) arranged centrally along its longitudinal extent, on heavy load areas (19) near the ends of the loading area (17), in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle (16), storage devices for forming further, in particular hydraulically mounted, support surfaces (8) for long goods (2, 2', 2") are arranged and / or that - on other rail vehicles (16), a support sleeper (22) is arranged on a heavy-duty area (19) provided centrally with respect to the longitudinal extent of the respective rail vehicle (16) to form a further support surface for long goods (2).

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