Systems, devices, and methods for fiber optical data transmission in medical devices

Abstract

Apparatus and associated methods relate to a remote sound diagnostic system (RSDS). In an illustrative example, a RSDS may include an underarm auscultation band (UAB) configured to encircle a thorax. The UAB, for example, may include sound sensors disposed along the UAB at fixed positions relative to a position marker of the UAB. In a first mode of operation, for example, the UAB may be worn in a first position where the sound sensors self-aligns with the upper lobes of the lung. In a second mode of operation, the UAB may be selectively repositioned at a predetermined transverse feature of the thorax below the upper position, and the sound sensors adjustably align with a lower lobes of a lung and a right middle lobe of the lung. Various embodiments may advantageously map automatically the sound sensors to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

Description

SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND METHODS FOR FIBER OPTICAL DATA TRANSMISSION IN MEDICAL DEVICESCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 628,495, titled “Remote Auscultation by Anatomical Positional Monitoring,” filed by Cary Erwin Fechter, on July 27, 2023. This application also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 676,211, titled “Articles Evidencing Long-Felt Unmet Need,” filed by Cary Erwin Fechter, on July 26, 2024.

[0002] This application incorporates the entire contents of the foregoing application(s) herein by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] Various embodiments relate generally to remote monitoring of health conditions, including, for example, lung and heart conditions.BACKGROUND

[0004] Telemedicine is a rapidly evolving field, for example, leveraging telecommunications technology that provides medical care and services remotely. Telemedicine, for example, may be beneficial for patients in remote or underserved areas (e.g., > 8% of Americans live more than 25- 50 miles from doctors or hospitals). For example, using telecommunications technology, these patients may be able to access medical consultations, diagnoses, and treatments without the need to travel to healthcare facilities.

[0005] Several populations stand to benefit significantly from the advancements in telemedicine. Nursing home patients, for example, may receive regular medical check-ups and urgent care without the logistical challenges of traveling to a healthcare facility. For example, residents of Indian reservations, who face conflicts between privacy and access to medical care, may select remote medical consultations as a valuable alternative healthcare resource. For example, in foreign developing countries, where third-world medical care is the norm, over 1 billion people lack basic diagnostic tools. Telemedicine may, for example, offer these regions access to essential healthcare services and expertise that would otherwise be unavailable.

[0006] Auscultation bells are traditional medical tools used by healthcare professionals to listen to the internal sounds of a patient's body (e.g., sounds of heart and / or lungs). These devices, for example, may include a stethoscope. For example, the stethoscope may amplify body sounds. A medical personnel may diagnose conditions (e.g., heart murmurs, lung infections, other abnormalities) based on the body sounds. In some examples, an accurate diagnosis may requireproper placement of the device on a patient’s body with accurate listening for obtaining reliable diagnostic information.SUMMARY

[0007] Apparatus and associated methods relate to a remote sound diagnostic system (RSDS). In an illustrative example, a RSDS may include an underarm auscultation band (UAB) configured to encircle a thorax. The UAB, for example, may include sound sensors disposed along the UAB at fixed positions relative to a position marker of the UAB. In a first mode of operation, for example, the UAB may be worn in a first position where the sound sensors self-aligns with the upper lobes of the lung. In a second mode of operation, the UAB may be selectively repositioned at a predetermined transverse feature of the thorax below the upper position, and the sound sensors adjustably align with lower lobes of a lung and a right middle lobe of the lung. Various embodiments may advantageously map automatically the sound sensors to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

[0008] Various embodiments may achieve one or more advantages. For example, some embodiments may advantageously provide a direct contact between the UAB and a chest of the patient around a periphery of tissue protrusions. Some embodiments, for example, may advantageously provide comprehensive auscultation measurements to a remote doctor. For example, some embodiments may advantageously allow a backside midline of the position marker to stay in place while the patient adjusts an anterior midline to be centrally on top of a sternum.

[0009] The details of various embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] FIG. 1A depicts an exemplary remote self-diagnostic auscultation system (RSDAS) employed in an illustrative use-case scenario.

[0011] FIG. IB depicts a schematic layout (not to scale) of an exemplary auscultation device.

[0012] FIG. 2 is a block diagram depicting an auscultation control unit (ACU).

[0013] FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C depict an exemplary underarm auscultation band (UAB).

[0014] FIG. 4 A and FIG. 4B depict an exemplary first wearing position of the UAB in an illustrative scenario.

[0015] FIG. 5 A, FIG. 5B, FIG. 5C, and FIG. 5D depict an exemplary sequence of wearing procedures in preparing the UAB for measurement in an illustrative scenario.

[0016] FIG. 6 depicts exemplary positions of the UAB at an upper position, a lower position, and an abdominal position on a male body and a female body.

[0017] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary UAB operation method.

[0018] Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] To aid understanding, this document is organized as follows. First, to help introduce discussion of various embodiments, a remote self-diagnostic auscultation system (RSDAS) is introduced with reference to FIGS. 1A-B. Second, that introduction leads to a description with reference to FIGS. 2-3C of some exemplary embodiments of an underarm auscultation band (UAB). Third, with reference to FIGS. 4A-5D, various donning methods are described in application to an exemplary UAB. Fourth, with reference to FIG. 6, the discussion turns to exemplary embodiments that illustrate positions of various measurement modes of the UAB. Fifth, and with reference to FIG. 7, this document describes exemplary apparatus and methods useful for self- auscultation diagnosis. Finally, the document discusses further embodiments, exemplary applications and aspects relating to RSDAS.

[0020] FIG. 1A depicts an exemplary remote self-diagnostic auscultation system (RSDAS 100) employed in an illustrative use-case scenario. In this example, the RSDAS 100 includes a doctor 105 and a tele-diagnostic self-measurement site (TDSMS 110). For example, the doctor 105 may provide a tele-medicine consultation to a patient 115 at the TDSMS 110. For example, the TDSMS 110 may include a home of the patient 115. For example, the TDSMS 110 may include a

[0021] As shown, the doctor 105 uses a computer device 120. The computer device 120 is connected to the TDSMS 110 via a network 125 (e.g., the Internet). In some implementations, the doctor 105 may receive measurement data of the patient 115 from the TDSMS 110 through the network 125.

[0022] In this example, the TDSMS 110 includes an auscultation device 130 configured for auscultation of a heart and lungs of the patient 115. For example, the auscultation device 130 may be aligned with specific predetermined points on a chest and back around a thorax of the patient 115 forr reliable readings at the TDSMS 110.

[0023] In some implementations, the auscultation device 130 may include sound receivers 135 (shown in shade) (e.g., stethoscopes, electronic sound sensors) on an inner side of the auscultation device 130 of the auscultation device 130. For example, the auscultation device 130 may include four sound receivers 135 while two of them are positioned in front and two of them are positioned at back when the auscultation device 130 is worn by the patient 115. As shown, the patient 115 may wear the auscultation device 130 in an upper transverse position across an upper chest and under arm pits of the patient 115. For example, the sound receivers may be positioned over the heart and lungs according to anatomical landmarks of the patient 115. As shown, the auscultationdevice 130 includes an external receiver 155 electronically coupled to a band of the auscultation device 130. For example, the external receiver 155 may be configured to measure acoustic response at a right middle lobe of the lung.

[0024] As shown, in a first operation mode 140, the auscultation device 130 is positioned at the upper transverse position of the user’s thorax. For example, at the upper transverse position, the sound receivers 135 may self-align with upper lobes of a lung of the user.

[0025] For example, in a second operation mode 145, the auscultation device 130 may be selectively repositioned at a predetermined lower transverse feature of the user’s thorax below the upper transverse position. For example, the sound receivers may adjustably be aligned with lower lobes of the lung. In some implementations, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on a gender of the patient 115. For example, when the patient 115 is male, the predetermined lower transverse feature may include a xiphoid process of the patient 115. For example, when the patient 115 is female, the predetermined lower transverse feature may include an under-breast line of the patient 115 across the xiphoid process. For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may advantageously be easily identified (e.g., where the two halves of an anterior thorax meet, a lowest aspect of the sternum).

[0026] Various embodiments may advantageously provide a direct contact between the auscultation device 130 and the chest of the patient 115 around a periphery of tissue protrusions. For example, the sound receivers may automatically map to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes at the first and the second mode of operations.

[0027] FIG. IB depicts a schematic layout (not to scale) of an exemplary auscultation device. For example, the auscultation device 130 may include an inner surface of a longitudinally shaped band 160. In this example, the longitudinally shaped band 160 may include a width w and a total length X (measured in a relaxed state) extending in a longitudinal axis. For example, X may be at least 10-time of w. In some implementations, the longitudinally shaped band 160 may be (e.g., partially) stretchable (e.g., elastic).

[0028] As shown, the longitudinally shaped band 160 includes a pair of coupling modules 170a- b. For example, the pair of coupling modules 170a-b may include Velcro tape. In some implementations, the pair of coupling modules 170a-b may include one or more buckles. In some examples, the longitudinally shaped band 160 may include two buckles, and each located under one of the arms of a wearer. For example, the wearer may adjustably couple the longitudinally shaped band 160 to encircle a thorax of the wearer. In some implementations, the total length X may be configured to adjustably fit a chest between predetermined sizes (e.g., between size 26 and 48).

[0029] As shown, the auscultation device 130 includes a spine marker 165. For example, the spine marker 165 may include a texture that the patient 115 may be able to align the longitudinally shaped band 160 with a spine without other’s help.

[0030] The auscultation device 130 includes front sound receivers 135a, 135b, and back sound receivers 135c, 135d (e.g., the sound receivers 135 discussed with reference to FIG. 1 A) disposed on the longitudinally shaped band 160. In some embodiments, the back sound receivers 135c, 135d may each be coupled to the longitudinally shaped band 160 at xl (e.g., 2 inches) from a midline of the back spine (e.g., the spine marker 165, from the posterior midline). In some examples, the spine marker 165 may be embedded on the longitudinally shaped band 160 as a vertical line.

[0031] In some embodiments, the front sound receivers 135a, 135b, and the back sound receivers 135c, 135d may be configured to correspond to upper and lower lobes of a lung of a wearer. As an illustrative example without limitation, in the first operation mode 140, the wearer may align the spine marker 165 against a back spine. For example, the spine marker 165 may be configured to align with a posterior midline. For example, the wearer may encircle the thorax by adjusting a length of the longitudinally shaped band 160 so that an auscultation control unit (ACU 175) is positioned over a sternum of the wearer. In some examples, the sound receivers 135 of the longitudinally shaped band 160 may automatically be aligned at a proper placement to capture sounds from the upper lobes of the lungs.

[0032] In some implementations, the front sound receivers 135a, 135b may be configured to receive cardiac sounds in the first operation mode 140. For example, the front sounds receiver 135a (e.g., on the right) may be configured to align with an aortic valve at a predetermined distance x2 from a center front point of the auscultation device 130. For example, x2 may be 1.5 inches.

[0033] In the second operation mode 145, the wearer may reposition the longitudinally shaped band 160 downwards to a predetermined lower transverse feature. As shown, the front sounds receiver 135b is positioned at x3 from the ACU 175. For example, x3 may be 1.5 inches. In some implementations, the sound receiver 135b of the auscultation device 130 may be positioned at an Erb’s point on the left of the ACU 175 in the first operation mode 140. In some implementations, the sound receiver 135b may be configured to be at a Mitral valve / Apex in the second operation mode 145. Accordingly, for example, the auscultation device 130 may measure both Apex and Erb’s using a same sound receiver 135b by adjusting a position of the auscultation device 130 from the first operation mode 140 to the second operation mode 145.

[0034] For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on one or more physical factors of the wearer. For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on a gender of the wearer. For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on a body shape (e.g., tissue protrusions) of the wearer. For example,at the predetermined lower transverse feature, the longitudinally shaped band 160 may align across a lower rib cage (e.g., under mammary). In some examples, at the predetermined lower transverse feature, the longitudinally shaped band 160 may align along a xiphoid process. Various alignment positions are described in further detail with reference to FIG. 6.

[0035] The ACU 175, for example, may include a microprocessor connected to the sound receivers 135. For example, the ACU 175 may be independently coupled to each of the sound receivers 135a-d. For example, the ACU 175 may receive sound signals from the sound receivers 135 via an electrical connection. In some implementations, the ACU 175 may receive the sound signals though sound transmitting tubes. The microprocessor, for example, may convert sound signals simultaneously received from the plurality of sound receivers into measurement data and may transmit the measurement data to a user device via the communication module. In some implementations, the ACU 175 may include a communication module connected to the microprocessor. The communication module may use Bluetooth technology. For example, the communication module may be configured to connect to a computer device of a patient. For example, the computer device 120 may receive measurement data from the computer device via the network 125.

[0036] In this example, the auscultation device 130 includes an Auxiliary Sensor 180. For example, the external receiver 155 may include the Auxiliary Sensor 180. For example, the Auxiliary Sensor 180 may be electrically coupled to the ACU 175. In some implementations, the Auxiliary Sensor 180 may be 6 cm to the right of the ACU 175. In some examples, the Auxiliary Sensor 180 may be used in the second operation mode 145. In some implementations, the Auxiliary Sensor 180 may, for example, be an auxiliary sensor.

[0037] In some implementations, the auscultation device 130 may include a right middle lobe sound receiver 185. For example, the right middle lobe sound receiver 185 may be configured to align (e.g., in the second operation mode 145) receive sound signal from the right middle lobe of the lung. In some implementations the auscultation device 130 may include a heart valve sound sensor 190. For example, the heart valve sound sensor 190 may be configured to receive sound at a mitral valve. In some examples, the right middle lobe sound receiver 185 may be positioned along the auscultation device 130 at x4 (e.g., 2.25 inches) from the anterior midline. For example, the heart valve sound sensor 190 may be positioned along the auscultation device 130 at x5 (e.g., 5-6 inches) from the anterior midline.

[0038] In various implementations, an underarm auscultation band (UAB) (e.g., the auscultation device 130) may be configured to encircle a thorax. The UAB may, for example, include a position marker (e.g., the spine marker 165) configured to anatomically align the UAB at a sagittal feature of the thorax. For example, the UAB may include multiple sound sensors (e.g., the sound receivers135) disposed along the UAB at fixed position relative to the position marker. For example, in a first mode of operation (e.g., the first operation mode 140), the sound sensors may self-align with the upper lobes of the lung. In some examples, in a second mode of operation (e.g., the second operation mode 145), the UAB is selectively repositioned at a predetermined transverse feature of the thorax below the upper position. For example, the sound sensors may adjustably align with the lower lobes of the lung and a right middle lobe of the lung. For example, the sound sensors may automatically map to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

[0039] FIG. 2 is a block diagram depicting an auscultation control unit (ACU). In this example, an ACU 200 includes a central controller 205 coupled to a network module 210. For example, the network module 210 may be operably coupled to the network 125 (e.g., through a computer device, through a mobile device).

[0040] The central controller 205, as shown, is connected to a right front sensor (RFS 215), a right middle sensor (RMS 220), a right back sensor (RBS 225), a left front sensor (LFS 230), and a left back sensor (LBS 235). For example, the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235 may include electronic sound sensors. For example, the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235 may include stethoscopes.

[0041] In some implementations, the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235 may be configured to receive acoustic signal at predetermined locations (e.g., at upper and lower lobes of a lung).

[0042] As shown, the central controller 205 includes a microprocessor 240 operably coupled to a communication module 245. The communication module 245 may, for example, include wireless communication. The communication module 245 may, for example, include wired communication.

[0043] For example, the microprocessor 240 may receive sensor signals from the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235 and generate a measurement data package to the communication module 245. In some implementations, the microprocessor 240 may be configured to receive simultaneously front and back measurements from the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235.

[0044] For example, the communication module 245 may transmit the data package to the network module 210.

[0045] The microprocessor 240 is connected to a memory module 250. The memory module 250 may, for example, include one or more memory modules (e.g., random -access memory (RAM)). As shown, the memory module 250 includes a measurement signals generation engine (MSGE 255). For example, the MSGE 255 may be configured to perform signal analysis algorithms togenerate the data package as a function of signals received from the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235.

[0046] In some implementations, the auscultation device 130 may be configured to listen to heart valves. For example, the MSGE 255 includes a sound processing engine to (e.g., using spectral, temporal, and / or power analysis) to classify sound signals received from the sound receivers 135 as sound from lungs and / or from heart. For example, the MSGE 255 may include differential diagnosis. For example, the MSGE 255 may include methods to generate echocardiograms of the heart. In some implementations, the MSGE 255 may include frequency band analysis to, for example, identify abnormality in the lungs and heart. In some implementations, the MSGE 255 may be configured to identify cardiac sounds from pulmonary sounds based on a frequency domain analysis (e.g., using a bandpass filter).

[0047] In some implementations, the MSGE 255 may be configured to analyze data received from each of the RFS 215, the RMS 220, the RBS 225, the LFS 230, and the LBS 235 independently. For example, the MSGE 255 may be configured to map a location of each channel of data to a location of a patient’s body based on a mode of operation (e.g., the first operation mode 140, the second operation mode 145).

[0048] For example, the MSGE 255 may divide received signals into frequency bands. For example, as a function of frequency band and location, the MSGE 255 may be configured to generate differential diagnosis (e.g., pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis, heart failure diagnosis). For example, based on the differential diagnosis, the MSGE 255 may generate and transmit a next step recommendation to the network module 210.

[0049] As shown, the microprocessor 240 is connected to a record database 270. In some implementations, the record database 270 may store baseline data from previous measurements. For example, the MSGE 255 may retrieve data from the record database 270 as a baseline data. For example, the MSGE 255 may detect sudden change of the data during periodic monitoring operations.

[0050] In some implementations, the MSGE 255 may be configured to handle exceptions in the receive signals. For example, if one or more channels of sound signals are missing (e.g., due to situs inversus, missing lung lobe, malfunctioning receiver), the MSGE 255 may be configured to ignore those receivers (e.g., suppress them).

[0051] For example, the MSGE 255 may be configured to suggest a next step to the patient (e.g., for additional test including electrocardiogram (ECG), Chest Xray, echocardiography ultrasound, positron emission tomography (PET) scan). Various embodiments may advantageously provide comprehensive auscultation measurements to the doctor 105.

[0052] In this example, the central controller 205 includes a (rechargeable) battery 260. For example, the battery 260 may be configured to supply power to the central controller 205. In some implementations, the battery 260 may be connected to the central controller 205 externally to the auscultation device 130 (e.g., via a power connector). In some embodiments, the central controller 205 may be configured to receive power from an AC power source via a power supply module.

[0053] As shown, the ACU 200 optionally includes an auxiliary sensor 265. The auxiliary sensor 265 may, for example, be the Auxiliary Sensor 180. For example, the auxiliary sensor 265 may include an additional sound receiver. For example, the auxiliary sensor 265 may include a temperature sensor. For example, the auxiliary sensor 265 may include other health data measuring sensors. In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor 265 may include a smart device (e.g., a smart watch, a mobile phone). For example, the MSGE 255 may be configured to receive additional measurement data from the auxiliary sensor 265 through the communication module 245. In some examples, the auxiliary sensor 265 may be connected to the central controller 205 via a wireless connection. In some examples, the auxiliary sensor 265 may be connected to the central controller 205 via a wired connection.

[0054] FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C depict an exemplary underarm auscultation band (UAB). As shown in various angles and orientation in FIGS. 3A-B, a UAB 300 may include sound receivers 305. An RMS 310 is connected to the UAB 300 via a wire connection. For example, the RMS 310 may be configured to measure an anterior axillary line. In some implementations, the sound receivers 305 may be releasably coupled to the UAB 300 at predetermined slots 315 (e.g., buttonholes, Velcro strips, button loops, hook and loops, magnetic tape). Various embodiments may allow slight adjustments of positions of the sound receivers 305 at the predetermined slots 315.

[0055] As shown, both ends of the UAB 300 are releasably coupled in a loop by a buckle 320. In other examples, other coupling features may be used. For example, the ends of the UAB 300 may be coupled by a zipper. For example, the ends of the UAB 300 may be coupled by Velcro tapes.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 3C, the UAB 300 is in a relaxed form. In this example, six sound receivers are included in the UAB 300. In some implementations, other numbers (e.g., 4, 5, 8, 10, 12) of sound receivers may be included.

[0057] FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B depict an exemplary first wearing position of the UAB in an illustrative scenario. In a scenario 400, a patient 405 may be donning the auscultation device 130 for diagnosis. As shown in FIG. 4A, the patient first aligns the spine marker 165 to a back spine 410.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 4B, the auscultation device 130 is worn in the first operation mode 140. For example, after the spine marker 165 is aligned to the back spine 410. The patient 405 mayconnect two ends of the auscultation device 130 at a coupling module 415 (e.g., a buckle). In some implementations, the sound receivers 135 at a backside of the sound receivers 135 may be disposed along a single curvilinear path 420 after the auscultation device 130 is worn at the first operation mode 140.

[0059] FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, FIG. 5C, and FIG. 5D depict an exemplary sequence of wearing procedures in preparing an exemplary UAB for measurement in an illustrative scenario. As shown in FIG. 5A, a UAB 500 includes two side buckles 505a, 505b. For example, the two side buckles may include connections (e.g., electrical connections, sound tubes). For example, sound signals received from the sound receivers 135 may be transmitted pass the two side buckles 505a, 505b to the ACU175. In some implementations, the two side buckles 505a, 505b may advantageously allow a backside midline of the spine marker 165 to stay in place while a wearer adjust an anterior midline 510 (e.g., the ACU 175, where the ACU 175 is positioned with reference to FIG. IB) to be centrally on top of a sternum 515 as shown in FIG. 5B. For example, the 500 / / is placed in the 140 / / as shown in FIG. 5B. In some implementations, the anterior midline 510 may include a marker configured to aid a wearer to align the auscultation device 130 at the sternum 515. For example, the anterior midline 510 may include the ACU 175. In various implementations, the UAB 500 may be at least partially elastic. For example, the wearer may elastically fit the auscultation device 130 around a thorax with the two side buckles 505a, 505b for adjusting the length of the auscultation device 130.

[0060] In some examples, the side buckle 505a may be positioned such that it is on an opposite side of the body from 505b (e.g., on the back side when 505a is in the front). For example, 505a may be positioned in the right hemithorax posteriorly (e.g., on the back of the body when the UAB is positioned as shown in FIG. 5B). Such a position may, for example, advantageously avoid discomfort under the arm pit. Such a position may, for example, advantageously permit sensor placement in the lower position to align with the right middle lobe.

[0061] In some implementations, one side buckle (e.g., 505a) may be omitted. For example, a single coupling module (e.g., 505b) may be used. Such embodiments may, for example, advantageously avoid requiring electrical coupling across a coupling module.

[0062] As shown in FIGS. 5C-D, the wearer is wearing the auscultation device 130 in the first operation mode 140. For example, a wearer may move the 500 / / to the 145 / / as shown in FIG. 5C. As shown in FIG. 5D, the RMS 220 is not used in the first operation mode 140, in some implementations.

[0063] In some implementations, the UAB 500 may be configured to be radio opaque. For example, the UAB 500 may be configured to not obstruct any radiographic view (e.g., from Xray, CT scan) of a fluoroscopic image. In some examples, the UAB 500 may be radio opaque exceptfor a radiographic marker configured to distinguish a side of the fluoroscopic image. In some examples, the auscultation device 130 may include additional radio markers configured to confirm, on the fluoroscopic image, whether the auscultation device 130 is adjusted at the right position and / or right fit.

[0064] FIG. 6 depicts exemplary positions of the UAB at an upper position, a lower position, and an abdominal position on a male body and a female body. As shown, for both female and male, a UAB 600 may be configured to measure health data at an upper position 605, a lower position 610, and an abdominal position 615. For example, at the upper position 605 (e.g., just under armpits for the first operation mode 140), the UAB 600 may receive right upper lung breath sounds, left upper lung breath sounds, and aortic heart sounds. For example, at the lower position 610 (e.g., the second operation mode 145), the UAB 600 may receive right and left lower lobe breath sounds, and / or a mitral heart sounds. For example, at the abdominal position 615 (e.g., at a position lower than an operable position of the second operation mode 145, across an umbilicus, across central abdominal area), the UAB 600 may receive bowel sounds.

[0065] In various embodiments, in the lower position 610, the UAB 600 may be placed at different transverse anatomical landmark based on different characteristic of body of a wearer(e.g., under the breast for female, and across the xiphoid process for male, based on body protrusion locations).

[0066] In the abdominal position 615, for example, the UAB 600 may be applied at more than one position. For example, the UAB 600 may be applied to receive signals (e.g., sound waves) from all four quadrant auscultations above and below the navel. In some examples, the abdominal position 615 may be applied to measure fetal heart sounds for pregnant women.

[0067] In some embodiments, a specific predetermined anatomical landmark (e.g., the xiphoid process) may be used regardless of sex or body shape. In some examples, the xiphoid process may be used for males and females. In some implementations, the xiphoid process and another anatomical landmark (e.g., the under-breast line) may be simultaneously used.

[0068] As an illustrative example without limitation, the UAB 600 may be positioned in a number of steps. For example, the UAB 600 may be lined up at the middle (e.g., the spine marker 165) with a spine of a user. Next, the anterior midline 510 (e.g., the ACU 175 of FIG. IB), may be aligned in the middle (e.g., at the sternum) at an upper position (e.g., the upper position 605). For example, a backside front side of the UAB 600 may be tightened with the two side buckles 505a, 505b (e.g., located under or near the left and right armpits). In some examples, the two side buckles 505a, 505b may (e.g., each, in combination) provide more or less than ten inches of adjustment for different circumferences. In some implementations, the UAB 600 may include Bluetooth auxiliary stethoscopes. For example, an auxiliary sensor may permit the doctor to guide a user to measure a custom location (e.g., via a realtime video call).

[0069] In some examples, the patient may take a number of breaths while sensors of the UAB 600 (e.g., the sound receivers 135, the Auxiliary Sensor 180, the auxiliary sensor 265) simultaneously gather data. For example, the UAB 600 may separate heart sounds and breath sounds as a function of, for example, frequency. Various embodiments may use a single sensor to measure heart sound and the lung sound simultaneously at a single location.

[0070] In a next step, the UAB 600 may be moved to a xiphoid (e.g., a xiphoid process) or underbreast position based on body shape. For example, the movement may not require undone of the two side buckles 505a, 505b. In some examples, the UAB 600 may be made of or at least partially made of a stretchable material configured to go over typical breasts. In some examples, at the lower position 610 may be important for getting measurement at a right middle lobe, right and left lower lobes, and the heart sound from the apex or lower tip of the heart.

[0071] In various examples, the UAB 600 may advantageously be cost-effective. For example, UAB 600 (e.g., the auscultation device 130) may include readily available and / or affordable components that are available at a relatively low cost. For example, the stethoscopes, the tubing connecting the stethoscopes to the Auscultation Control Unit (ACU), and the band may be manufactured using relatively inexpensive materials. For example, the UAB 600 may be advantageously accessible to a broad range of healthcare providers and patients (e.g., in resourcelimited settings).

[0072] In some examples, the UAB 600 may be manufactured as a low-complexity device. In some implementations, the UAB 600 may include straightforward and / or well-established technology. For example, the UAB 600 may advantageously be easy to maintain. In some examples, healthcare professionals (e.g., doctors and / or other healthcare providers) may find that using the UAB 600 is easy because it uses familiar technology. For example, the healthcare professional may require minimal training to use data received from the UAB 600 with less likelihood of errors. In some examples, because the UAB 600, in some implementations, mimic routine medical procedures of auscultation diagnosis may be used.

[0073] In some examples, the UAB 600 may be configured to be easy to use. In various examples, a patient may use the UAB 600 by oneself and without help. Various embodiments may advantageously allow regular monitoring (e.g., daily, weekly) by a patient without periodic visit or be visited by healthcare professionals. By enabling patients to perform auscultation repeatedly on their own, for example, the UAB 600 may advantageously reduce a burden on healthcare systems. In some examples, the anatomical and precise placement of the UAB 600 by aligning at predetermined sagittal feature and transverse position may advantageously accurately and effectively auscultation measurements.

[0074] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary UAB operation method. A method 700 may, for example, be performed by a user of the auscultation device 130. In some examples, the user may be performing a self-diagnosis for a remote medical consultation. In some examples, the user may perform the method 700 by oneself. In some examples, the user may perform the method 700 with a helper.

[0075] In this example, the method 700 begins in step 705 when a UAB having a spine marker, an anterior midline, and a length adjustment module configured to adjust a working length of the band to fit around the user's thorax is provided to a user. For example, the UAB 500 may include the spine marker 165 and the anterior midline 510. For example, the UAB 500 may include the two side buckles 505a, 505b. Next, in step 710, the UAB is adjusted to encircle the user’s thorax. For example, the UAB may be wrapped around the chest of the patient 405. For example, the spine marker 165 may align with a back spine of the user, and the anterior midline 510 may align at a middle of a front of the user.

[0076] In step 715, the length of the band is adjusted using the length adjustment module to tighten the auscultation band at an upper position under the armpits and at the upper chest of the user. For example, the user may pull on adjustable bands at the two side buckles 505a, 505b to secure the UAB in a position for the first operation mode 140.

[0077] In step 720, a first number of breaths are taken by the user. The number of breaths may, for example, be predetermined. In some implementations, the number of breaths may be dynamically determined (e.g., by the doctor - such as, based on quality of sound captured, by an automatic algorithm). For example, the patient may be instructed (e.g., by the doctor 105) to breathe deeply to ensure the sound receivers 135 capture accurate data. In step 725, the auscultation band is moved to a predetermined lower transverse position. For example, the user may slide the UAB 600 from the upper position 605 to the lower position 610.

[0078] At a decision point 730, it is determined whether the user has a body protrusion. For example, the system may check if the user has prominent body features such as a large chest or breast tissue. If the user has a body protrusion (e.g., the user is a female), the user’s under-breast line is selected as the predetermined lower transverse feature in step 735. For example, the UAB may be positioned under the breasts for female users as shown in FIG. 6. If the user does not have a body protrusion(e.g., the user is a male), the user’s xiphoid process is selected as the predetermined lower transverse feature in step 740. For example, the UAB may be aligned with the xiphoid process, which is located just below the sternum.

[0079] In step 745, a second number of breaths (e.g., predetermined) are taken, ensuring that the plurality of sound receivers capture auscultation measurement data from the left and right lowerlobes and the right middle lobe of the lung, and the method ends. For example, the user may continue to breathe deeply to collect comprehensive data.

[0080] Although various embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, other embodiments are possible. For example, the auscultation device 130 may include 8 or more sensors to advantageously provide enhanced coverage and accuracy. In some implementations, lead markers may be added for verification during initial fitment. For example, a fluoroscopic image may be taken to determine whether the device is positioned correctly on the user’s body. In some implementations, the auscultation device 130 may include a wireless auxiliary receiver. For example, the wireless auxiliary receiver may be positioned as directed by a doctor (e.g., remotely, virtually).

[0081] For example, in some implementations a sensor may be placed to the left of the microprocessor (e.g., to the left of 175 and to the right of 135a). For example, the sensor may be configured to align with at least one heart valve. For example, the addition of another sensor may allow one sensor to align with the mitral valve and another sensor to align with the aortic valve (e.g., in the upper position).

[0082] For example, some embodiments of the UAB may be elastically adjustable. Some implementations may, for example, be solely elastically adjustable in girth. In some examples, an equal length of elastic material may be placed on both sides of a coupling module. In some examples, predetermined lengths of elastic material may be placed between sensors (e.g., between each sensor) such that the belt automatically stretches to fit and the placement of the sensors automatically and dynamically scales to remain aligned with the corresponding anatomical targets across a range of patient girths. For example, the length of a given piece of elastic material between given sensors may determine a proportion of the total additional length that is added to the space between those sensors.

[0083] In some embodiments, the auscultation system may use artificial intelligence (Al) and / or machine learning (ML) to improve diagnosis and / or prognostics. For example, in some implementations, the ACU may include an Al and / or ML module. In some implementations, the ACU may, for example, connect to a remote controller (e.g., computer, server, cloud network). The remote controller may, for example, include an Al and / or ML module. The Al and / or ML module(s) may, for example, detect changes and / or trends in auscultation readings. The Al and / or ML module(s) may, for example, automatically correlate changes and / or trends with one or more corresponding diagnosis and / or prognosis.

[0084] Although an exemplary system has been described with reference to the figures, other implementations may be deployed in other industrial, scientific, medical, commercial, and / or residential applications.

[0085] In various embodiments, some bypass circuits implementations may be controlled in response to signals from analog or digital components, which may be discrete, integrated, or a combination of each. Some embodiments may include programmed, programmable devices, or some combination thereof (e.g., PLAs, PLDs, ASICs, microcontroller, microprocessor), and may include one or more data stores (e.g., cell, register, block, page) that provide single or multi-level digital data storage capability, and which may be volatile, non-volatile, or some combination thereof. Some control functions may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination of any of them.

[0086] Computer program products may contain a set of instructions that, when executed by a processor device, cause the processor to perform prescribed functions. These functions may be performed in conjunction with controlled devices in operable communication with the processor. Computer program products, which may include software, may be stored in a data store tangibly embedded on a storage medium, such as an electronic, magnetic, or rotating storage device, and may be fixed or removable (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, thumb drive, CD, DVD).

[0087] Although an example of a system, which may be portable, has been described with reference to the above figures, other implementations may be deployed in other processing applications, such as desktop and networked environments.

[0088] Temporary auxiliary energy inputs may be received, for example, from chargeable or single use batteries, which may enable use in portable or remote applications. Some embodiments may operate with other DC voltage sources, such as a (nominal) batteries, for example. Alternating current (AC) inputs, which may be provided, for example from a 50 / 60 Hz power port, or from a portable electric generator, may be received via a rectifier and appropriate scaling. Provision for AC (e.g., sine wave, square wave, triangular wave) inputs may include a line frequency transformer to provide voltage step-up, voltage step-down, and / or isolation.

[0089] Although particular features of an architecture have been described, other features may be incorporated to improve performance. For example, caching (e.g., LI, L2, . . .) techniques may be used. Random access memory may be included, for example, to provide scratch pad memory and or to load executable code or parameter information stored for use during runtime operations. Other hardware and software may be provided to perform operations, such as network or other communications using one or more protocols, wireless (e.g., infrared) communications, stored operational energy and power supplies (e.g., batteries), switching and / or linear power supply circuits, software maintenance (e.g., self-test, upgrades), and the like. One or more communication interfaces may be provided in support of data storage and related operations.

[0090] Some systems may be implemented as a computer system that can be used with various implementations. For example, various implementations may include digital circuitry, analogcircuitry, computer hardware, firmware, software, or combinations thereof. Apparatus can be implemented in a computer program product tangibly embodied in an information carrier, e.g., in a machine-readable storage device, for execution by a programmable processor; and methods can be performed by a programmable processor executing a program of instructions to perform functions of various embodiments by operating on input data and generating an output. Various embodiments can be implemented advantageously in one or more computer programs that are executable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a data storage system, at least one input device, and / or at least one output device. A computer program is a set of instructions that can be used, directly or indirectly, in a computer to perform a certain activity or bring about a certain result. A computer program can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0091] Suitable processors for the execution of a program of instructions include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, which may include a single processor or one of multiple processors of any kind of computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random-access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memories for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will also include, or be operatively coupled to communicate with, one or more mass storage devices for storing data files; such devices include magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and optical disks. Storage devices suitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including, by way of example, semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, ASICs (applicationspecific integrated circuits).

[0092] In some implementations, each system may be programmed with the same or similar information and / or initialized with substantially identical information stored in volatile and / or nonvolatile memory. For example, one data interface may be configured to perform auto configuration, auto download, and / or auto update functions when coupled to an appropriate host device, such as a desktop computer or a server.

[0093] In some implementations, one or more user-interface features may be custom configured to perform specific functions. Various embodiments may be implemented in a computer systemthat includes a graphical user interface and / or an Internet browser. To provide for interaction with a user, some implementations may be implemented on a computer having a display device. The display device may, for example, include an LED (light-emitting diode) display. In some implementations, a display device may, for example, include a CRT (cathode ray tube). In some implementations, a display device may include, for example, an LCD (liquid crystal display). A display device (e.g., monitor) may, for example, be used for displaying information to the user. Some implementations may, for example, include a keyboard and / or pointing device (e.g., mouse, trackpad, trackball, joystick), such as by which the user can provide input to the computer.

[0094] In various implementations, the system may communicate using suitable communication methods, equipment, and techniques. For example, the system may communicate with compatible devices (e.g., devices capable of transferring data to and / or from the system) using point-to-point communication in which a message is transported directly from the source to the receiver over a dedicated physical link (e.g., fiber optic link, point-to-point wiring, daisy-chain). The components of the system may exchange information by any form or medium of analog or digital data communication, including packet-based messages on a communication network. Examples of communication networks include, e.g., a LAN (local area network), a WAN (wide area network), MAN (metropolitan area network), wireless and / or optical networks, the computers and networks forming the Internet, or some combination thereof. Other implementations may transport messages by broadcasting to all or substantially all devices that are coupled together by a communication network, for example, by using omni-directional radio frequency (RF) signals. Still other implementations may transport messages characterized by high directivity, such as RF signals transmitted using directional (i.e., narrow beam) antennas or infrared signals that may optionally be used with focusing optics. Still other implementations are possible using appropriate interfaces and protocols such as, by way of example and not intended to be limiting, USB 2.0, Firewire, ATA / IDE, RS-232, RS-422, RS-485, 802.11 a / b / g, Wi-Fi, Ethernet, IrDA, FDDI (fiber distributed data interface), token-ring networks, multiplexing techniques based on frequency, time, or code division, or some combination thereof. Some implementations may optionally incorporate features such as error checking and correction (ECC) for data integrity, or security measures, such as encryption (e.g., WEP) and password protection.

[0095] In various embodiments, the computer system may include Internet of Things (loT) devices. loT devices may include objects embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity which enable these objects to collect and exchange data. loT devices may be in-use with wired or wireless devices by sending data through an interface to another device. loT devices may collect useful data and then autonomously flow the data between other devices.

[0096] Various examples of modules may be implemented using circuitry, including various electronic hardware. By way of example and not limitation, the hardware may include transistors, resistors, capacitors, switches, integrated circuits, other modules, or some combination thereof. In various examples, the modules may include analog logic, digital logic, discrete components, traces and / or memory circuits fabricated on a silicon substrate including various integrated circuits (e.g., FPGAs, ASICs), or some combination thereof. In some embodiments, the module(s) may involve execution of preprogrammed instructions, software executed by a processor, or some combination thereof. For example, various modules may involve both hardware and software.

[0097] In an first illustrative aspect, an auscultation band may include a band extended in a longitudinal axis configured to encircle a user’s thorax. For example, the auscultation band may include a position marker disposed on the band configured to anatomically align the auscultation band at a sagittal feature of the user’s thorax. For example, the auscultation band may include a plurality of sound receivers coupled to the auscultation band at predetermined positions of the band relative to the position marker, the predetermined positions may be configured.

[0098] For example, in a first mode of operation, the auscultation band may be positioned at an upper transverse position of the user’s thorax. For example, the plurality of sound receivers selfaligns with upper lobes of a lung in the user’s thorax. For example, in a second mode of operation, the auscultation band may be selectively repositioned at a predetermined lower transverse feature of the user’s thorax below the upper position, and the plurality of sound receivers adjustably align with lower lobes of the lung and a right middle lobe of the lung. For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on a gender of the user.

[0099] For example, when the user may be male, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected as a xiphoid of the user. For example, when the user may be female, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected as an under -breast line of the user. For example, the plurality of sound receivers may automatically map to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

[0100] For example, the auscultation band may include one or more of the following features:• For example, the auscultation band may include a microprocessor operably coupled to the plurality of sound receivers. For example, a communication module operably coupled to the microprocessor. For example, the microprocessor may be configured to convert sound signals simultaneously received from the plurality of sound receivers into measurement data, and to transmit the measurement data to a user device via the communication module.• For example, the communication module may include a Bluetooth communication module.• For example, the band may include a total length at least 10 times a width of the band, and a length adjustment module configured to adjust a working length of the band to fit around the user’s thorax.• For example, the band may include an elastic portion.• For example, the band may include a predetermined attachment feature configured to releasably couple to the plurality of sound receivers.• For example, the plurality of sound receivers may include stethoscopes.• For example, the position marker may include a vertical line, and the sagittal feature of the user’s thorax may include a back spine of the human body• For example, the upper transverse position may include a transverse line at an upper chest, a left armpit, and a right armpit.

[0101] In a second illustrative aspect, an auscultation band may include a band extended in a longitudinal axis configured to encircle a user’s thorax. For example, the auscultation band may include a position marker disposed on the band configured to anatomically align the auscultation band at a sagittal feature of the user’s thorax. For example, the auscultation band may include a plurality of sound receivers coupled to the auscultation band at predetermined positions of the band relative to the position marker, the predetermined positions may be configured.

[0102] For example, in a first mode of operation, the auscultation band may be positioned at an upper transverse position of the user’s thorax. For example, the plurality of sound receivers selfaligns with upper lobes of a lung in the user’s thorax. For example, in a second mode of operation, the auscultation band may be selectively repositioned at a predetermined lower transverse feature of the user’s thorax below the upper position, and the plurality of sound receivers adjustably align with lower lobes of the lung and a right middle lobe of the lung. For example, the plurality of sound receivers may automatically map to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

[0103] For example, the auscultation band may include one or more of the following features:• For example, the auscultation band may include a microprocessor operably coupled to the plurality of sound receivers. For example, a communication module operably coupled to the microprocessor. For example, the microprocessor may be configured to convert sound signals simultaneously received from the plurality of sound receivers into measurement data, and to transmit the measurement data to a user device via the communication module.• For example, the communication module may include a Bluetooth communication module.• For example, the band may include a total length at least 10 times a width of the band, and a length adjustment module configured to adjust a working length of the band to fit around the user’s thorax.• For example, the band may include an elastic portion.• For example, the band may include a predetermined attachment feature configured to releasably couple to the plurality of sound receivers.• For example, the plurality of sound receivers may include stethoscopes.• For example, the position marker may include a vertical line, and the sagittal feature of the user’s thorax may include a back spine of the human body• For example, the upper transverse position may include a transverse line at an upper chest, a left armpit, and a right armpit.• For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on a gender of the user. For example, when the user may be male, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected as a xiphoid of the user. For example, when the user may be female, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected as an under -breast line of the user.

[0104] In a third illustrative aspect, a remote auscultation measurement method may include provide an auscultation band according to any of the features of the auscultation band of the first or the second illustrative aspect. For example, the auscultation band may include an anterior midline marker. For example, the remote auscultation measurement method may include align the auscultation band to encircle the user’ s thorax. For example, the position marker aligns with a back spine of the user, and the anterior midline marker aligns at a middle of a front of the user.

[0105] For example, the remote auscultation measurement method may include adjust a length of the band using the length adjustment module to tighten the auscultation band at an upper position under armpits and at an upper chest of the user. For example, the remote auscultation measurement method may include take a first number of breaths (e.g., predetermined). For example, the plurality of sound receivers receives auscultation measurement data of a left and a right upper lobes of a lung.

[0106] For example, the remote auscultation measurement method may include move the auscultation band at a predetermined lower transverse. For example, the predetermined lower transverse feature may be selected based on a gender of the user. For example, when the user may be male, selected the user’s xiphoid as the predetermined lower transverse feature. For example, when the user may be female, select the user’s under -breast line as the predetermined lower transverse feature.

[0107] For example, the remote auscultation measurement method may include take a second number of breaths (e.g., predetermined). For example, the plurality of sound receivers receives auscultation measurement data of a left and a right lower lobes and a right middle lobe of the lung.

[0108] A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made. For example, advantageous results may be achieved if the steps of the disclosed techniques were performed in a different sequence, or if components of the disclosed systems were combined in a different manner, or if the components were supplemented with other components. Accordingly, other implementations are contemplated within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An auscultation band comprising: a band (160) extended in a longitudinal axis configured to encircle a user’s thorax; a position marker (165) disposed on the band configured to anatomically align the auscultation band at a sagittal feature of the user’s thorax; a plurality of sound receivers (135) coupled to the auscultation band at predetermined positions (315) of the band relative to the position marker, the predetermined positions are configured wherein: in a first mode of operation (140), the auscultation band is positioned at an upper transverse position of the user’ s thorax, such that the plurality of sound receivers self-aligns with upper lobes of a lung in the user’s thorax; and, in a second mode of operation (145), the auscultation band is selectively repositioned at a predetermined lower transverse feature of the user’s thorax below the upper transverse position, and the plurality of sound receivers adjustably align with lower lobes of the lung and a right middle lobe of the lung, wherein the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected based on a gender of the user, wherein: the predetermined lower transverse feature comprises the xiphoid process, when the user is male, the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected as a xiphoid of the user; and, when the user is female, the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected as an under-breast line of the user, such that the plurality of sound receivers automatically map to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

2. The auscultation band of claim 1, further comprises: a microprocessor operably coupled to the plurality of sound receivers; and, a communication module operably coupled to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is configured to convert sound signals simultaneously received from the plurality of sound receivers into measurement data, and to transmit the measurement data to a user device via the communication module.

3. The auscultation band of claim 2, wherein the microprocessor aligns with a sternum anteriorly.

4. The auscultation band of claim 2, wherein the communication module comprises a Bluetooth communication module.

5. The auscultation band of claim 1, wherein the band comprises a total length at least 10 times a width of the band, and a length adjustment module configured to adjust a working length of the band to fit around the user’s thorax.

6. The auscultation band of claim 1, wherein the band comprises an elastic portion.

7. The auscultation band of claim 1, wherein the band comprises predetermined attachment feature configured to releasably couple to the plurality of sound receivers.

8. The auscultation band of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sound receivers comprise stethoscopes.

9. The auscultation band of claim 1, wherein the position marker comprises a vertical line, and the sagittal feature of the user’s thorax comprises a back spine of the user.

10. The auscultation band of claim 1, wherein the upper transverse position comprises a transverse line at an upper chest, a left armpit, and a right armpit.

11. An auscultation band comprising: a band (160) extended in a longitudinal axis configured to encircle a user’s thorax; a position marker (165) disposed on the band configured to anatomically align the auscultation band at a sagittal feature of the user’s thorax; a plurality of sound receivers (135) coupled to the auscultation band at predetermined positions (315) of the band relative to the position marker, the predetermined positions are configured wherein: in a first mode of operation (140), the auscultation band is positioned at an upper transverse position of the user’ s thorax, such that the plurality of sound receivers self-aligns with upper lobes of a lung in the user’s thorax; and, in a second mode of operation (145), the auscultation band is selectively repositioned at a predetermined lower transverse feature of the user’s thorax below the upper transverse position, and the plurality of sound receivers adjustably align with lower lobes of the lung and a right middle lobe of the lung, such that the plurality of sound receivers automatically map to predetermined anatomical locations across various body shapes.

12. The auscultation band of claim 11, further comprises: a microprocessor operably coupled to the plurality of sound receivers; and, a communication module operably coupled to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is configured to convert sound signals simultaneously received from the plurality of sound receivers into measurement data, and to transmit the measurement data to a user device via the communication module.

13. The auscultation band of claim 12, wherein the microprocessor aligns with a sternum anteriorly.

14. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein, in the second mode of operation, the predetermined lower transverse feature comprises the xiphoid process.

15. The auscultation band of claim 12, wherein the communication module comprises a Bluetooth communication module.

16. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the band comprises a total length at least 10 times a width of the band, and a length adjustment module configured to adjust a working length of the band to fit around the user’s thorax.

17. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the band comprises an elastic portion.

18. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the band comprises predetermined attachment feature configured to releasably couple to the plurality of sound receivers.

19. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the plurality of sound receivers comprise stethoscopes.

20. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the position marker comprises a vertical line, and the sagittal feature of the user’s thorax comprises a back spine of the user.

21. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the upper transverse position comprises a transverse line at an upper chest, a left armpit, and a right armpit.

22. The auscultation band of claim 11, wherein the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected based on a gender of the user, wherein: when the user is male, the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected as a xiphoid process of the user; and, when the user is female, the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected as an underbreast line of the user crossing the xiphoid process.

23. A remote auscultation measurement method comprising: provide an auscultation band according to any of claims 1-22, further comprising an anterior midline marker, and a length adjustment module configured to adjust a working length of the band to fit around the user's thorax (705); align the auscultation band to encircle the user’ s thorax, such that the position marker aligns with a back spine of the user, and the anterior midline marker aligns at a middle of a front of the user (710); adjust a length of the band using the length adjustment module to tighten the auscultation band at an upper position under armpits and at an upper chest of the user (715); take a first number of breaths, such that the plurality of sound receivers receives auscultation measurement data of a left and a right upper lobes of a lung (720); move the auscultation band at a predetermined lower transverse, wherein the predetermined lower transverse feature is selected based on a gender of the user (725), wherein: when the user is male, select the user’s xiphoid as the predetermined lower transverse feature (740); and, when the user is female, select the user’s under-breast line as the predetermined lower transverse feature (735); and, take a second number of breaths, such that the plurality of sound receivers receives the auscultation measurement data of a left and a right lower lobes and a right middle lobe of the lung (745).

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