Reactor for preparing allyl chloride

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reactor for preparing allyl chloride. More specifically, the present invention relates to a reactor for preparing allyl chloride, which can improve the dispensability of raw materials and induce a uniform reaction in the reactor, thereby improving the selectivity and yield for allyl chloride.

Description

Reactor for producing allyl chloride

[0001] Cross-citation with related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0108334, filed August 18, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] The present invention relates to a reactor for producing allyl chloride. More specifically, the invention relates to a reactor for producing allyl chloride that can improve the selectivity and yield of allyl chloride by improving the dispersibility of raw materials and inducing a uniform reaction within the reactor.

[0004]

[0005] Allyl chloride (ALC) is typically produced by a high-temperature gas-phase reaction of propylene (C3H6) and chlorine (Cl2). Typically, the gas-phase reaction between propylene and chlorine begins at 300°C, generating impurities.

[0006] Therefore, the mixing method of propylene and chlorine is very important to increase the yield of allyl chloride by suppressing the generation of impurities during the gas phase reaction.

[0007] The production ratio of allyl chloride and impurities varies significantly depending on the temperature distribution within the reactor. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate temperature distribution during the gas-phase reaction within the reactor.

[0008] In particular, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the feedstock injected into the reactor to suppress the production of 1,2-DCPa (1,2-dichloropropane), which is mainly produced in the low-temperature range. However, on the other hand, injecting high-temperature reactants has the problem of generating coke.

[0009] Therefore, in order to suppress coke generation inside the reactor, a back-mixing method is used to increase the temperature of the feed by supplying heat generated by the exothermic reaction inside the reactor to the feed.

[0010] However, in conventional reactors installed horizontally on the bottom surface in a can shape, there is a problem that vibration and noise may be generated because uniform internal dynamic characteristics (profile) are not formed in the upper and lower areas of the reactor during the back mixing process.

[0011] In addition, since a vortex is generated at the inlet portion of the reactor, a smooth flow is not formed in the internal reaction space of the reactor, and problems such as the inlet portion of the reactor being blocked by coke may occur, which may result in a decrease in the yield of allyl chloride.

[0012] To improve this, Korean Patent Publication No. 2019-0064979 proposes an allyl chloride reactor including a reaction body that is symmetrical on both sides in a round shape based on a center line connecting the lower direction from the injection port position, and a reactant injector that is installed inside the reaction body through the injection port and has a plurality of injection nozzles that are formed radially symmetrically to inject reactants into the reaction space.

[0013] However, the reactor disclosed in the above-mentioned public patent has a problem in that the dispersibility of propylene and chlorine is poor, so they are not sufficiently mixed throughout the entire reactor area, resulting in a low conversion rate of propylene, and in a reaction area where the temperature is not sufficiently high, allyl chloride reacts additionally, increasing the production of by-products.

[0014]

[0015] The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and according to one embodiment of the present invention, a reactor for producing allyl chloride is provided, which can improve the dispersibility of raw materials, induce a uniform reaction within the reactor, thereby improving the selectivity and yield for allyl chloride, and reducing the production of by-products.

[0016]

[0017] A reactor for producing allyl chloride according to one embodiment of the present invention,

[0018] A reaction body having a reaction space formed inside and an injection port formed on the upper side to communicate with the reaction space, and having a round shape and symmetrical left and right based on a center line connecting the downward direction from the injection port position; and

[0019] A reactant injector installed inside the reaction body through the injection port and having a plurality of injection nozzles formed radially symmetrically for injecting reactants into the reaction space;

[0020] Including,

[0021] The above reactant injector is,

[0022] A first injection body having a first injection path formed through which propylene moves, and a second injection body formed on the inside of the first injection body and having a second injection path formed through which chlorine moves; and

[0023] A first injection nozzle formed at an end of the first injection body and through which the propylene is injected into the interior of the reaction space, and a second injection nozzle formed at an end of the second injection body and through which the chlorine is injected into the interior of the reaction space;

[0024] , and satisfies the following equation 1:

[0025] [Formula 1]

[0026] 12% ≤ (sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first injection nozzles / cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body) * 100 ≤ 18%

[0027]

[0028] The reaction body may include a first reaction portion formed with a first curvature in a downward direction from a position where the inlet is formed to form a first part of the reaction body, and a second reaction portion connected to the first reaction portion and formed with a second curvature different from the first curvature to form a second part of the reaction body.

[0029] The first reaction section may be formed with a first curvature of an ellipse.

[0030] The second reaction section may be formed with a second curvature of a hemisphere.

[0031] The first curvature and the second curvature can be formed at a curvature of 1:1 to 5:1, specifically 1.5:1 to 4:1, more specifically 1.7:1 to 2.3:1, and even more specifically 1.9:1 to 2.1:1.

[0032] The first and second injection nozzles may be formed in a cone portion protruding from the end of the injection body.

[0033] The first and second injection nozzles are connected in a curved state from the first and second injection paths so as to radially inject the reactant toward the outside of the cone.

[0034] The number of first and second injection nozzles can be formed as 2 to 10 each.

[0035]

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the injection nozzle that injects propylene into the reactor to the cross-sectional area of ​​the propylene injection body satisfies a certain range.

[0037] Accordingly, the dispersibility of the raw material inside the reactor is improved, the fluidity inside the reactor is improved, and by-products generated by the further reaction of allyl chloride with chlorine inside the reactor can be suppressed, and the selectivity and yield of allyl chloride can be improved.

[0038]

[0039] FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a reactor for producing allyl chloride according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 is a side view schematically illustrating the reactor for producing allyl chloride of Figure 1.

[0041] Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the reactor for producing allyl chloride of Figure 1.

[0042] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which a reactant is sprayed from an injection nozzle inside a reactor for producing allyl chloride according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which a reaction product of propylene and chlorine is sprayed from a spray nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a cross-section of a reactant injector having a spray nozzle formed therein according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045]

[0046] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description have been omitted to clearly explain the present invention, and the same reference numerals have been used throughout the specification to refer to identical or similar components.

[0047]

[0048] FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a reactor for producing allyl chloride according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view schematically illustrating the reactor for producing allyl chloride of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side sectional view schematically illustrating the reactor for producing allyl chloride of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which a reactant is sprayed from an injection nozzle inside a reactor for producing allyl chloride according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, a reactor (100) for producing allyl chloride according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a reaction body (10) having a reaction space (11) formed therein, an injection port (12) formed at the upper side communicating with the reaction space (11), and having a round shape symmetrical on both sides with respect to a center line connecting the downward direction from the position of the injection port (12), and a reactant injector (20) having a plurality of first and second injection nozzles (21a, 22a) installed inside the reaction body (10) through the injection port (12) and radially symmetrically formed for injecting reactants into the interior of the reaction space (11).

[0050] The reactor (100) for producing allyl chloride described below is for producing allyl chloride by using a reaction (back-flow) that utilizes the temperature of the reactants by subjecting the reactants of propylene and chlorine to a gas phase reaction at high temperature. This will be described in detail below.

[0051] The reaction body (10) has a reaction space (11) formed inside, and an injection port (12) for injecting a reactant may protrude from the upper side. The injection port (12) may protrude as one at the upper central position of the reaction body (10).

[0052] This reaction body (10) can be formed into a round shape with a different curvature in the downward direction from the upper side where the injection port (12) is formed.

[0053] To be more specific, the reaction body (10) may include a first reaction portion (13) formed with a first curvature in a downward direction at a position where the injection port (12) is formed to form a first part (A) of the reaction body (10), and a second reaction portion (15) connected to the first reaction portion (13) and formed with a second curvature different from the first curvature to form a second part (B) of the reaction body (10).

[0054] The first reaction section (13) is a section where an injection port (12) is formed on the upper side, and refers to a section where the reactant (22) injected through the reactant injector (20) described later is primarily introduced.

[0055] This first reaction section (13) is formed with an elliptical first curvature in this embodiment, so that the reaction space corresponding to the first reaction section (13) can be formed in an elliptical shape.

[0056] In this way, the first reaction section (13) is formed in an oval shape to manufacture allyl chloride under optimal conditions. This will be described in more detail below.

[0057] The second reaction section (15) is formed by being connected to the lower portion of the first reaction section (13), and is formed with a second hemispherical curvature, so that the reaction space corresponding to the second reaction section (15) can be formed in a hemispherical shape.

[0058] In this way, the production of allyl chloride in an optimized state inside the reaction body (10) including the first reaction section (13) and the second reaction section (15) is described in more detail below.

[0059] In the reaction process of obtaining allyl chloride from the reactants of propylene and chlorine injected into the interior of the reaction body (10), the main by-products, 1,3-dichloropropene and 1,2-dichloropropane, are produced, and each can be produced by dividing into a competitive reaction and a continuous reaction.

[0060] Here, the competitive reaction takes place near the inlet of the inlet (12) of the reaction body (10), and injection of high-temperature reactants is required.

[0061] However, when a high-temperature reactant is injected into the inside of the reaction body (10), the injection port (12) may be blocked and closed due to coke generation, or the wall of the outlet through which the product generated in the reaction body (10) is discharged may be contaminated or blocked.

[0062] Therefore, in order to suppress the production of coke as much as possible, the reactant (22) is injected at a low temperature into the inside of the reaction body (10) of the present embodiment, and the heat generated by the exothermic reaction inside the reaction body (10) is returned to the injection port (12) position to cause a reaction (back-flow) to raise the temperature of the reactant (22).

[0063] To this end, the first reaction part (13) constituting the reaction body (10) of the present embodiment can be formed in an oval shape, and the second reaction part (15) can be formed in a hemispherical shape.

[0064] Accordingly, the reaction heat generated when the reactant (22) is injected into the inside of the reaction body (10) is smoothly circulated along the inner wall surfaces of the first reaction section (13) and the second reaction section (15) and supplied to the injection port (12), thereby increasing the temperature of the reactant injected into the injection port (12).

[0065] In addition, the first reaction part (13) and the second reaction part (15) constituting the reaction body (10) are formed in an oval and a hemispherical shape, respectively, so that vibration or resonance phenomena can be prevented from occurring.

[0066] That is, in the case of a horizontal reaction body installed horizontally in a conventional can shape at an installation location, when a reaction (back-flow) is performed using the temperature of the reactant to increase the temperature of the injectant, vibration and noise may occur.

[0067] That is, in the case of a conventional horizontal reaction body, it is manufactured in a can shape installed in a horizontal direction, and the reaction (back-flow) using the temperature of the reactant occurs in different forms in the upper and lower regions of the reaction body, so that a uniform internal profile is not formed, which may cause vibration and noise.

[0068] Furthermore, conventional horizontal reaction bodies have the problem that collisions occur at the inlet where reactants are injected, creating vortices, making it difficult to form a smooth flow direction within the horizontal reaction body. This can lead to coke formation in the front of the reaction body, which can block it or break the symmetry within the reaction body, making it difficult to manufacture through a reaction (backflow) that utilizes the effective reactant temperature.

[0069] Accordingly, by implementing a vertically symmetrical reactor in which the reaction body (10) of the present embodiment is formed with an oval-shaped first reaction section (13) on the upper side and a hemispherical second reaction section (15) on the lower side, the reaction heat generated in the reaction space (11) of the reaction body (10) can be smoothly moved along the inner wall surface of the reaction space (11).

[0070] That is, the reaction (back-flow) that supplies the temperature of the reactant generated inside the reaction body (10) toward the inlet can smoothly move toward the inlet (12) along the hemispherical inner wall surface and the elliptical inner wall surface of the reaction space (11). Therefore, the temperature increase of the low-temperature reactant ejected from the inlet (12) portion of the reaction body (10) can be effectively achieved by the heat generated by the reactant inside the reaction body (10) without additional heat supply.

[0071] In addition, the reaction body (10) of the present embodiment is formed with an elliptical first reaction portion (13) and a hemispherical second reaction portion (15), so that the reaction action of the reactants can be performed smoothly and effectively. To this end, the ratio of the first curvature of the first reaction body (10) of the reaction body (10) to the second curvature of the second reaction body (10) can be applied as 1:1 to 5:1.

[0072] Accordingly, since the reaction of the reactant (22) occurs smoothly and effectively inside the reaction body (10) and the closure of the inlet (12) portion does not occur, it is possible to effectively prevent the generation of vibration noise such as resonance due to the reactant colliding with the closed inlet portion.

[0073] When the ratio of the first curvature and the second curvature of the reaction body (10) of the present embodiment is 1:1 to 5:1, the selectivity of allyl chloride produced inside the reaction body can be improved.

[0074] Meanwhile, the reactant can be injected into the interior of the reaction body (10) by a reactant injector (20).

[0075]

[0076] FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state in which a reactant of propylene and chlorine is injected from an injection nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reactant injector in which an injection nozzle is formed according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the reactant injector (20) includes a first injection body (21) having a first injection path (21b) formed through which propylene moves, and a second injection body (22) formed inside the first injection body (21) and having a second injection path (22b) formed through which chlorine moves.

[0078] The end of the first injection body (21) includes a plurality of first injection nozzles (21a) through which propylene, which has moved through the first injection path (21b), is injected into the interior of the reaction space (11). In addition, the end of the second injection body (22) includes a plurality of second injection nozzles (22a) through which chlorine is injected into the interior of the reaction space (11) through the second injection path (22b).

[0079] Although the drawing shows that the first injection nozzle (21a) and the second injection nozzle (22a) each include four, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first and second injection nozzles (21a, 21b) may be independently formed in multiple numbers, that is, two or more, for example, two to ten.

[0080] The reactant injector (20) can be installed at the position of the inlet (12) so as to be inserted into the inside of the inlet (12) and supply propylene and chlorine into the inside of the reaction body (10). The propylene and chlorine injected through the first injection path (21b) and the second injection path (22b) of the reactant injector (20) can be appropriately injected and supplied into the inside of the reaction body (10) through the first injection nozzle (21a) and the second injection nozzle (22a), respectively.

[0081] The first injection nozzle (21a) and the second injection nozzle (22a) are formed at the end of the reactant injector (20). In this embodiment, it is exemplarily described that propylene and chlorine are formed to be injected through four nozzles each, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Propylene and chlorine can be injected radially inside the reaction body (10) in a divided state through each of the first injection nozzle (21a) and the second injection nozzle (22a).

[0082] In this way, the first injection nozzle (21a) and the second injection nozzle (22a) are formed radially to increase the contact area with the heat generated and transferred by the back-flow reaction inside the reaction body (10), thereby ensuring that the temperature-raising action of the reactant is smoothly performed at the injection port (12) location.

[0083] Here, to further enhance the spraying effect, the first spray nozzle (21a) and the second spray nozzle (22a) can be formed in the cone (24).

[0084] That is, the cone (24) can be conically inclined and protrude from the end of the reactant injector (20). A plurality of first injection nozzles (21a) and second injection nozzles (22a) are formed radially on the inclined side of the cone (24), and the first injection nozzles (21a) and second injection nozzles (22a) can be connected in a curved state to the first injection path (21b) and the second injection path (22b) of the reactant injector (20).

[0085] Accordingly, propylene and chlorine are injected into the interior of the reaction body (10) while forming a wider injection area by the first injection nozzle (21a) and the second injection nozzle (22a) formed on the side of the cone (24), so that the area in contact with the heat transferred by the backflow reaction can be more effectively increased.

[0086]

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first injection nozzle (21a) and the first injection body (21) satisfy the following equation 1:

[0088] [Formula 1]

[0089] 12% ≤ (sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first injection nozzles / cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body) * 100 ≤ 18%

[0090] According to the above formula 1, the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first injection nozzle to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body may be 12% or more, or 13% or more, or 14% or more, but 18% or less, or 17% or less, or 16% or less, or 15% or less.

[0091] When the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first injection nozzle to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body is 12% or more and 18% or less, the selectivity of allyl chloride is improved, and the production rate of by-products, particularly, 1,2 DCPa, can be significantly reduced.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body (21) of Equation 1 is the area visible when the end of the reactant injector (20) is cut along the P-P' line perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and means the entire area surrounded by the outer surface of the first injection body (21), i.e., the area of ​​the gray area in FIG. 6.

[0093] Additionally, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first injection nozzles means the total sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of first injection nozzles (21a).

[0094] At this time, the P-P' line means an imaginary line that forms a 90-degree angle with the longitudinal direction of the reactant injector (20) in the cylindrical part, not the cone-shaped protrusion of the reactant injector (20).

[0095] The temperature distribution in the reactor changes depending on the flow pattern of the raw material inside the reactor, which is related to the productivity of allyl chloride. In addition, the flowability of the raw material inside the reactor is related to the dispersibility of the raw material injected from the nozzle, and among them, it was conceived that the nozzle flow rate can be controlled by the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection nozzle to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body into which propylene is injected, thereby improving the dispersibility of the raw material and the fluidity inside the reactor. Accordingly, if the dispersibility in the first injection nozzle is improved, by-products generated by the additional reaction of allyl chloride with chlorine in an area where the temperature is not sufficiently high can be suppressed, and the selectivity and yield of allyl chloride can be improved.

[0096] Meanwhile, the selectivity of allyl chloride, the selectivity of DCPa as a by-product, and the production ratio when the sum of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection nozzle (21a) to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body (21) of Equation 1 is 12%, 15%, and 20% are shown in Table 1 below.

[0097] Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Formula 1 12% 15% 20% Allyl chloride Selectivity [%] 78.3 76.3 75.3 1,2 DCPa Selectivity [%] 8.6 12 13.5 1,2 DCPa Production ratio * 0.620.881

[0098] (*1,2 DCPa production ratio means the relative production ratio when the production amount of 1,2 DCPa in Comparative Example 1 is set to 1.)

[0099] Referring to Table 1 above, it can be confirmed that when the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of Equation 1 satisfies a predetermined range, the selectivity of allyl chloride is improved and the production of by-products is significantly reduced.

[0100] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, the detailed description of the invention, and the attached drawings, and it is obvious that this also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0101]

[0102] [Explanation of symbols]

[0103] 10...Reaction body 11...Reaction space

[0104] 12...inlet 13...first reaction section

[0105] 15...2nd reaction section 20...reactant injector

[0106] 21...First injection body 22...Second injection body

[0107] 21a...first injection nozzle 22a...second injection nozzle

[0108] 24...Konbu

Claims

1. A reaction body having a reaction space formed inside, an injection port formed on the upper side that is connected to the reaction space, and a round shape symmetrical on the left and right based on a center line connecting the downward direction from the injection port position; and A reactant injector installed inside the reaction body through the injection port and having a plurality of injection nozzles formed radially symmetrically for injecting reactants into the reaction space; Including, The above reactant injector is, A first injection body having a first injection path formed through which propylene moves, and a second injection body formed on the inside of the first injection body and having a second injection path formed through which chlorine moves; and A first injection nozzle formed at an end of the first injection body and through which the propylene is injected into the interior of the reaction space, and a second injection nozzle formed at an end of the second injection body and through which the chlorine is injected into the interior of the reaction space; , and satisfies the following equation 1, Reactor for producing allyl chloride: [Formula 1] 12% ≤ (sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first injection nozzles / cross-sectional area of ​​the first injection body) * 100 ≤ 18% 2. In paragraph 1, The above reaction body is, A first reaction section formed with a first curvature in a downward direction at a position where the injection port is formed to form a first part of the reaction body; and A second reaction section connected to the first reaction section and formed with a second curvature different from the first curvature to form a second part of the reaction body; including, Reactor for producing allyl chloride.

3. In paragraph 2, The above first reaction section is formed with a first curvature of an ellipse, Reactor for producing allyl chloride.

4. In paragraph 3, The second reaction section is formed with a second hemispherical curvature, Reactor for producing allyl chloride.

5. In paragraph 4, The first curvature and the second curvature are formed at a curvature of 1:1 to 5:1, Allyl reactor for chloride production.

6. In paragraph 1, The first and second injection nozzles are formed in a cone portion protruding from the end of the injection body. Reactor for producing allyl chloride.

7. In paragraph 6, The first and second injection nozzles are connected in a curved state from the first and second injection paths to radially inject the reactant toward the outside of the cone. Reactor for producing allyl chloride.

8. In paragraph 1, The first and second injection nozzles each have 2 to 10, Reactor for producing allyl chloride.

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