Optical module, optical system, optical transceiver module, laser radar and optical amplification system

Abstract

Disclosed in embodiments of the present application are an optical module and devices related to the optical module. On the basis of a polarizing beamsplitting principle, the optical module achieves bidirectional transmission of light. Specifically, the optical module comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein a light path in a light transmission direction is transmission from the first port to the second port, and a light path in a light reception direction is transmission from the second port to the third port. The optical module has a high integration level, is easy to miniaturize, and has a low introduced insertion loss. Moreover, a light beam input from the first port can use a double-polarized light beam such that the first port can be connected to a normal optical fiber instead of a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, thereby saving costs. In addition, the first port and the third port are arranged side by side on the same side of the optical module, the first port is used for being connected to a light transmitting module, the third port is used for being connected to a light receiving module, and the light transmitting module and the light receiving module can be designed more compactly without being too far apart.

Description

Optical module, optical system, optical transceiver module, laser radar and optical amplification system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on August 29, 2023, with application number 202322339615.4 and invention name “An optical module, an optical system, an optical transceiver module, a laser radar and an optical amplification system”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of optical transmission, and in particular to an optical module, an optical system, an optical transceiver module, a laser radar, and an optical amplification system. Background Art

[0003] Optical transceiver components in the field of optical communications are divided into optical transmitter components and optical receiver components. Transmitter components are core units that convert electrical signals into optical signals and couple them to optical fibers for optical transmission. Receiver components are core units that couple optical signals transmitted through optical fibers to receivers and convert them back into electrical signals.

[0004] In optical communication systems, optical transceiver components are further assembled into optical transceiver modules. Traditional dual-fiber bidirectional optical transceiver modules generally have two ports: the optical transmitting side component corresponds to the optical transmitting port, connected to one optical fiber, and the optical receiving side component corresponds to the optical receiving port, connected to another optical fiber. Single-fiber bidirectional (Bi-Direction, Bi-Di) optical modules have only one port, connected to a single optical fiber, to simultaneously transmit and receive optical signals. Therefore, the main advantage of Bi-Di optical modules is that they save optical fiber resources and reduce the waste of other system ports in the optical transmission system link. However, existing Bi-Di optical modules have the problems of large space occupation, high insertion loss, and high cost.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide an optical module and a device related to the optical module. The optical module has a high degree of integration, is easy to miniaturize, and introduces low insertion loss.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical module, which includes: a first port, a second port, a third port, a first polarization beam combining and splitting module, a second polarization beam combining and splitting module, a polarization adjustment module and a magnet. The first port and the third port are arranged on the first end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the second port is arranged on the first end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. The polarization adjustment module and the magnet are located between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. At least one end face of the polarization adjustment module other than the two end faces in the first direction is attached to the magnet, and the magnet is used to provide magnetism to the polarization adjustment module. The first direction refers to the direction of light input to the polarization adjustment module in the light sending direction, and the second direction refers to the direction of light input to the polarization adjustment module in the light receiving direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

[0008] In the light sending direction, the first polarization combining and splitting module is used to perform polarization splitting on the first light beam input from the first port to obtain a first polarized light with a first polarization state and a second polarized light with a second polarization state. The first polarization state and the second polarization state are orthogonal to each other. Next, the first polarized light remains the first polarized light after passing through the polarization adjustment module, and the second polarized light remains the second polarized light after passing through the polarization adjustment module. Furthermore, the second polarization combining and splitting module is used to perform polarization combining on the first polarized light and the second polarized light to obtain a second light beam, wherein the second light beam is output from the second port. In the light receiving direction, the second polarization combining and splitting module is also used to perform polarization splitting on the third light beam input from the second port to obtain a third polarized light with a first polarization state and a fourth polarized light with a second polarization state. Next, the third polarized light becomes a fifth polarized light with a second polarization state after passing through the polarization adjustment module, and the fourth polarized light becomes a sixth polarized light with a first polarization state after passing through the polarization adjustment module. Furthermore, the first polarization combining and splitting module is also used to perform polarization combining on the fifth polarized light and the sixth polarized light to obtain a fourth light beam, wherein the fourth light beam is output from the third port.

[0009] In this embodiment, the optical module realizes bidirectional transmission of light by using the principle of polarization splitting. The optical module has a high degree of integration, is easy to realize miniaturization, and introduces low insertion loss. In addition, the light beam input from the first port can adopt a dual-polarized light beam, so that the first port can be connected to a normal optical fiber instead of a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, which is conducive to cost saving. The first port and the third port are arranged side by side on the same side of the optical module. The first port is used to connect the light emitting module, and the third port is used to connect the light receiving module. The light emitting module and the light receiving module can be designed to be more compact without being too far apart. In addition, the magnet and the polarization adjustment module are both arranged between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more compact.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam to facilitate adaptation to multi-wavelength transmission scenarios.

[0011] In some possible implementations, a first portion of wavelengths in the first light beam has a first polarization state, and a second portion of wavelengths in the first light beam has a second polarization state. Alternatively, at least one wavelength in the first light beam includes both a first polarization state and a second polarization state. This describes various implementations of multi-wavelength input, expanding the application scenarios of this solution.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the first end face of the polarization adjustment module is aligned with the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second end face of the polarization adjustment module is aligned with the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, the first end face and the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other, and the first end face and the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other. In other words, the optical module has an integrated structure, meaning that the various components of the optical module are seamlessly spliced ​​together, making the overall structure of the optical module more compact and facilitating miniaturization of the optical module.

[0013] In some possible implementations, both side end faces of the polarization adjustment module are completely aligned and bonded to the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, respectively, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more regular.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the optical module further includes a first reflecting element, a second reflecting element, and a third reflecting element. The first reflecting element is arranged on the third end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second reflecting element is arranged on the fourth end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the third reflecting element is arranged on the third end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. The third end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the fourth end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the third end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other. In the light sending direction, the first reflecting element is used to reflect the first light beam input from the first port. The first polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to transmit the first polarized light and reflect the second polarized light. The second reflecting element is used to reflect the first polarized light to the polarization adjustment module. The third reflecting element is used to reflect the second polarized light passing through the polarization adjustment module. The second polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to transmit the first polarized light and reflect the second polarized light to obtain the second light beam. In the light receiving direction, the second polarization beam combining and splitting module is also used to transmit the third polarized light and reflect the fourth polarized light. The third reflecting element is also used to reflect the fourth polarized light to the polarization adjustment module. The second reflecting element is also used to reflect the fifth polarized light passing through the polarization adjustment module. The first polarization combining and splitting module is further configured to transmit the sixth polarized light and reflect the fifth polarized light to obtain a fourth light beam. This provides a light path design within an optical module that is relatively simple overall and ensures that the optical path lengths of the two polarization states within the optical module are similar or identical, achieving better results.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the first port, the second port, and the third port are all connected to multimode optical fibers. Alternatively, the first port is connected to a single-mode optical fiber, and the second and third ports are connected to a multimode optical fiber. Alternatively, the first and second ports are connected to a single-mode optical fiber, and the third port is connected to a multimode optical fiber. It should be understood that currently, in single-fiber bidirectional scenarios, single-mode optical fibers are primarily used. However, the optical module designed in this application can also be used with multimode optical fibers, expanding the application scenarios of this application.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the polarization adjustment module includes a first polarization adjustment device and a second polarization adjustment device. In the light sending direction, the first polarization adjustment device is used to perform polarization adjustment on the first polarized light input along the first direction to obtain the first polarized light, and the second polarization adjustment device is used to perform polarization adjustment on the second polarized light input along the first direction to obtain the second polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the first polarization adjustment device is also used to perform polarization adjustment on the third polarized light input along the second direction to obtain the fifth polarized light with the second polarization state, and the second polarization adjustment device is also used to perform polarization adjustment on the fourth polarized light input along the second direction to obtain the sixth polarized light with the first polarization state. In this embodiment, the polarization adjustment module can be composed of two polarization adjustment devices, each polarization adjustment device is used to process a corresponding polarized light path, which expands the implementation method of this solution.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the first polarization adjustment device includes a first Faraday rotator (FR) and a first half-wave plate (HWP), and the second polarization adjustment device includes a second FR and a second HWP. In the light transmitting direction, the first FR is used to rotate the polarization state of the first polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first HWP is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first FR by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the first polarized light, and the fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction. In the light transmitting direction, the second FR is used to rotate the polarization state of the second polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second HWP is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second FR by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the second polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the first HWP is also used to rotate the polarization state of the third polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first FR is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first HWP by 45° toward the fifth direction to obtain the fifth polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the second HWP is further configured to rotate the polarization state of the fourth polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second FR is further configured to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second HWP by 45° toward the fifth direction to obtain the sixth polarized light. This embodiment provides a specific implementation of the first polarization adjustment device and the second polarization adjustment device, improving the feasibility of this solution.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, the first polarization adjustment device includes a first frame and a first high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP), and the second polarization adjustment device includes a second frame and a second high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP). In the light transmission direction, the first high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP) is used to rotate the polarization state of the first polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first frame is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP) by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the first polarized light, where the fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction. In the light transmission direction, the second high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP) is used to rotate the polarization state of the second polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second frame is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP) by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the second polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the first frame is also used to rotate the polarization state of the third polarized light by 45° toward the sixth direction, and the first high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP) is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first frame by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the fifth polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the second frame is also used to rotate the polarization state of the fourth polarized light by 45° toward the sixth direction, and the second high-pressure wetted workpiece (HWP) is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second frame by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the sixth polarized light. This embodiment provides another specific implementation of the first polarization adjustment device and the second polarization adjustment device, thereby improving the flexibility of the solution.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the first FR and the second FR are attached to each other in a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The magnet is used to provide magnetism to the first FR and the second FR to ensure normal operation of the first FR and the second FR.

[0020] In some possible implementations, another end face of the first FR in the third direction except the end face in contact with the second FR is in contact with the magnet, and another end face of the second FR in the third direction except the end face in contact with the first FR is in contact with the magnet.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, at least one of the two end faces of the first FR in the fourth direction is in contact with the magnet, and at least one of the two end faces of the first FR in the fourth direction is in contact with the magnet, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction respectively.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, the second port is preferably connected to an APC (Angled Physical Contact) fiber optic connector with a beveled end face. The end face of an APC fiber optic connector is typically polished to an 8° bevel. This allows reflected light to be reflected back toward the cladding at the angle of the bevel rather than directly back toward the light source along the original optical path, thereby minimizing the impact of back reflections from the connector end face on the transmitter and receiver.

[0023] In some possible implementations, if the first and second polarization adjustment devices do not function satisfactorily in the light receiving direction, some light may be output from the first port and transmitted to the light source. To avoid this, an isolator may be added between the first port and the light source to isolate the light beam output from the first port.

[0024] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical module, which includes: a first port, a second port, a third port, a first polarization beam combining and splitting module, a second polarization beam combining and splitting module, a polarization adjustment module and a magnet. The first port and the third port are arranged on the first end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the second port is arranged on the first end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. The polarization adjustment module and the magnet are located between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. At least one end face of the polarization adjustment module other than the two end faces in the first direction is attached to the magnet, and the magnet is used to provide magnetism to the polarization adjustment module. The first direction refers to the direction of light input to the polarization adjustment module in the light sending direction, and the second direction refers to the direction of light input to the polarization adjustment module in the light receiving direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

[0025] In the light sending direction, the first polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to transmit the first light beam input from the first port, wherein the first light beam has a first polarization state. Next, the first light beam remains the first light beam after passing through the polarization adjustment module. Furthermore, the second polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to transmit the first light beam, wherein the first light beam is output from the second port. In the light receiving direction, the second polarization beam combining and splitting module is also used to polarization-split the second light beam input from the second port to obtain a first polarized light with a first polarization state and a second polarized light with a second polarization state. Next, the first polarized light becomes a third polarized light with a second polarization state after passing through the polarization adjustment module. The second polarized light becomes a fourth polarized light with a first polarization state after passing through the polarization adjustment module. Furthermore, the first polarization beam combining and splitting module is also used to polarization-combine the third polarized light and the fourth polarized light to obtain a third light beam, wherein the third light beam is output from the third port.

[0026] In this embodiment, the optical module realizes bidirectional transmission of light by using the principle of polarization splitting. The optical module has a high degree of integration, is easy to realize miniaturization, and introduces low insertion loss. In addition, the optical module supports the input of a single polarized light beam from the first port in the light transmission direction, which expands the application scenarios of the optical module adaptation. The first port and the third port are arranged side by side on the same side of the optical module. The first port is used to connect the light emitting module, and the third port is used to connect the light receiving module. The light emitting module and the light receiving module can be designed to be more compact without being too far apart. In addition, the magnet and the polarization adjustment module are both arranged between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more compact.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam to facilitate adaptation to multi-wavelength transmission scenarios.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the first end face of the polarization adjustment module is aligned with the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second end face of the polarization adjustment module is aligned with the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, the first end face and the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other, and the first end face and the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other. In other words, the optical module has an integrated structure, meaning that the various components of the optical module are seamlessly spliced ​​together, making the overall structure of the optical module more compact and facilitating miniaturization of the optical module.

[0029] In some possible implementations, both side end faces of the polarization adjustment module are completely aligned and bonded to the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, respectively, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more regular.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, the optical module further includes a first reflecting element, a second reflecting element, and a third reflecting element. The first reflecting element is arranged on the third end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second reflecting element is arranged on the fourth end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the third reflecting element is arranged on the third end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. The third end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the fourth end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the third end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other. In the light sending direction, the first reflecting element is used to reflect the first light beam input from the first port. The second reflecting element is used to reflect the first light beam passing through the first polarization beam combining and splitting module to the polarization adjustment module, and transmit it to the second port through the second polarization beam combining and splitting module. In the light receiving direction, the second polarization beam combining and splitting module is also used to transmit the first polarized light and reflect the second polarized light. The third reflecting element is also used to reflect the second polarized light to the polarization adjustment module. The second reflecting element is also used to reflect the third polarized light. The first polarization beam combining and splitting module is also used to transmit the fourth polarized light and reflect the third polarized light to obtain a third light beam. A light path design method in an optical module is provided herein. The overall light path is relatively simple, and the optical path lengths of light in two polarization states in the optical module are similar or identical, thereby achieving better results.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the first port, the second port, and the third port are all connected to multimode optical fibers. Alternatively, the first port is connected to a single-mode optical fiber, and the second and third ports are connected to a multimode optical fiber. Alternatively, the first and second ports are connected to a single-mode optical fiber, and the third port is connected to a multimode optical fiber. It should be understood that currently, in single-fiber bidirectional scenarios, single-mode optical fibers are primarily used. However, the optical module designed in this application can also be used with multimode optical fibers, expanding the application scenarios of this application.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the polarization adjustment module includes a first polarization adjustment device and a second polarization adjustment device. In the light transmitting direction, the first polarization adjustment device is used to perform polarization adjustment on the first light beam input along the first direction to obtain the first light beam. In the light receiving direction, the first polarization adjustment device is also used to perform polarization adjustment on the first polarized light input along the second direction to obtain a third polarized light having a second polarization state, and the second polarization adjustment device is also used to perform polarization adjustment on the second polarized light input along the second direction to obtain a fourth polarized light having the first polarization state. In this embodiment, the polarization adjustment module can be composed of two polarization adjustment devices, each polarization adjustment device is used to process a corresponding polarized light path, thereby expanding the implementation method of this solution.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, the first polarization adjustment device includes a first FR and a first HWP, and the second polarization adjustment device includes a second FR and a second HWP. In the light transmitting direction, the first FR is used to rotate the polarization state of the first light beam by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first HWP is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first FR by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the first light beam, where the fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction. In the light receiving direction, the first HWP is also used to rotate the polarization state of the first polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first FR is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first HWP by 45° toward the fifth direction to obtain the third polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the second HWP is also used to rotate the polarization state of the second polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second FR is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second HWP by 45° toward the fifth direction to obtain the fourth polarized light. This embodiment provides a specific implementation method for the first polarization adjustment device and the second polarization adjustment device, which improves the feasibility of this solution.

[0034] In some possible embodiments, the first polarization adjustment device includes a first FR and a first HWP, and the second polarization adjustment device includes a second FR and a second HWP. In the light transmitting direction, the first HWP is used to rotate the polarization state of the first light beam by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first FR is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first HWP by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the first light beam, and the fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction. In the light receiving direction, the first FR is also used to rotate the polarization state of the first polarized light by 45° toward the sixth direction, and the first HWP is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first FR by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the third polarized light. In the light receiving direction, the second FR is also used to rotate the polarization state of the second polarized light by 45° toward the sixth direction, and the second HWP is also used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second FR by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the fourth polarized light. This embodiment provides another specific implementation method of the first polarization adjustment device and the second polarization adjustment device, which improves the flexibility of this solution.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the first FR and the second FR are attached to each other in a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The magnet is used to provide magnetism to the first FR and the second FR to ensure normal operation of the first FR and the second FR.

[0036] In some possible implementations, another end face of the first FR in the third direction except the end face in contact with the second FR is in contact with the magnet, and another end face of the second FR in the third direction except the end face in contact with the first FR is in contact with the magnet.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, at least one of the two end faces of the first FR in the fourth direction is in contact with the magnet, and at least one of the two end faces of the first FR in the fourth direction is in contact with the magnet, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction respectively.

[0038] In some possible embodiments, the second port is preferably connected to an APC fiber optic connector with a beveled end face. The end face of an APC fiber optic connector is typically polished to an 8° bevel. This allows reflected light to be reflected back toward the cladding at the angle of the bevel rather than directly back toward the light source along the original optical path, thereby minimizing the impact of back reflections from the connector end face on the transmitter and receiver.

[0039] In some possible implementations, if the first and second polarization adjustment devices do not function satisfactorily in the light receiving direction, some light may be output from the first port and transmitted to the light source. To avoid this, an isolator may be added between the first port and the light source to isolate the light beam output from the first port.

[0040] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical system comprising: a combiner and an optical module as described in any embodiment of the first and second aspects. The combiner comprises a reflective element, a HWP, a polarization combiner, a first input port, a second input port, and an output port. The reflective element is used to reflect first polarized light having a first polarization state and a first wavelength input from the first input port to the HWP. The HWP is used to polarization-adjust the first polarized light to obtain second polarized light having a second polarization state, wherein the first polarization state and the second polarization state are orthogonal to each other. The polarization combiner is used to polarization-combine the second polarized light and third polarized light having a first polarization state and a second wavelength input from the second input port to obtain a combined light beam, and transmit the combined light beam from the output port to the first port of the optical module. The combiner in the above optical system can combine multiple light beams with the same polarization state but different wavelengths into a dual-polarization light beam with multiple wavelengths and input to the optical module, which has a good practical effect in multi-wavelength scenarios. It should be understood that in practical applications, the above-mentioned two-wavelength combining can be expanded to scenarios with more wavelength combining.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical transceiver module, comprising: an optical transmitter module, an optical receiver module, and an optical module as described in any one of the embodiments of the first and second aspects. The optical transmitter module is configured to transmit a light beam to a first port of the optical module. The optical receiver module is configured to receive a light beam from a third port of the optical module.

[0042] In some possible embodiments, the optical transceiver module further includes a combiner and a demultiplexer. The combiner is configured to combine N optical beams of different wavelengths emitted by the optical transmitting module and transmit the combined beams to the first port of the optical module. The demultiplexer is configured to demultiplex the optical beam from the third port of the optical module to obtain N optical beams of different wavelengths and transmit the demultiplexed N optical beams of different wavelengths to the optical receiving module. N is an integer greater than 1.

[0043] In some possible embodiments, the optical transceiver module further includes a combiner / splitter, which includes N upstream ports and N downstream ports, where N is an integer greater than 1. The optical transmission module is used to transmit N light beams of different wavelengths to the N upstream ports of the combiner / splitter, respectively. The combiner / splitter is used to combine the N light beams of different wavelengths from the light source and send the combined light beams to the first port of the optical module. The combiner / splitter is also used to split the light beam from the third port of the optical module to obtain N light beams of different wavelengths, and send the split N light beams of different wavelengths to the optical receiving module.

[0044] In some possible embodiments, the optical transceiver module further includes a combiner / splitter, which includes a combiner / splitter module, an upstream waveguide, a downstream waveguide, and N bidirectional waveguides. The optical transmission module is used to transmit N light beams of different wavelengths to the N bidirectional waveguides respectively. The combiner / splitter module is used to combine the N light beams of different wavelengths from the light source, and send the combined light beams to the first port of the optical module through the upstream waveguide. The combiner / splitter module is also used to receive the light beam from the third port of the optical module through the downstream waveguide, split the light beam from the third port of the optical module to obtain N light beams of different wavelengths, and send the split N light beams of different wavelengths to the optical receiving module through the N bidirectional waveguides.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a laser radar, comprising: a light source, a photodetector, and an optical module as described in any of the embodiments of the first and second aspects. The light source is configured to transmit a light beam to a first port of the optical module. The light beam output from a second port of the optical module is transmitted toward a target object, and the light beam reflected by the target object is transmitted to the second port of the optical module. The photodetector is configured to receive a light beam from a third port of the optical module.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical amplification system, comprising: a light source, a first optical amplifier, a second optical amplifier, a reflector, and an optical module as described in any of the embodiments of the first and second aspects. The first optical amplifier is configured to amplify a light beam emitted by the light source and transmit the amplified light beam to a first port of the optical module. The second optical amplifier is configured to amplify a light beam from a second port of the optical module and transmit the amplified light beam to the reflector. The second optical amplifier is further configured to amplify a light beam from the reflector and transmit the amplified light beam to a second port of the optical module.

[0047] An embodiment of the present application provides an optical module that uses the principle of polarization splitting to achieve bidirectional transmission of light. That is, the optical module includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The optical path on the transmitting side is transmitted from the first port to the second port, and the optical path on the receiving side is transmitted from the second port to the third port. The optical module has a high degree of integration, is easy to achieve miniaturization, and introduces low insertion loss. In addition, the light beam input from the first port can use a dual-polarization light beam, so that the first port can be connected to a normal optical fiber instead of a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, which is beneficial to cost saving. The first port and the third port are arranged side by side on the same side of the optical module, the first port is used to connect to the optical transmitting module, and the third port is used to connect to the optical receiving module. The optical transmitting module and the optical receiving module can be designed to be more compact without being too far apart. In addition, the magnet and the polarization adjustment module are both arranged between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more compact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] FIG1( a ) is a schematic diagram of a first three-dimensional structure of an optical module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG1( b ) is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of an optical module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG1( c ) is a schematic diagram of a third three-dimensional structure of an optical module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG2( a ) is a schematic diagram of a first planar structure of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG2( b ) is a schematic diagram of a second planar structure of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an optical module in a sending direction according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another optical path of the optical module in the sending direction according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an optical module in a receiving direction in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a light path of a near-end reflection of an optical module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the polarization adjustment device in the light transmission direction according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the polarization adjustment device in the light receiving direction according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG10( a ) is a schematic structural diagram of a combiner according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG10( b ) is a schematic structural diagram of a spatial combiner and splitter in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG10( c ) is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide-type combiner and splitter in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a combiner / demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of another wave combiner / demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a first implementation method of multiple optical modules in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation method of multiple optical modules in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser radar according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical amplification system in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The embodiments of the present application provide an optical module and a device related to the optical module, which has a high degree of integration, is easy to achieve miniaturization, and introduces low insertion loss. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to limit a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the above terms can be interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments described in this application can be implemented in an order other than that described in this application. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0070] It should be noted that in the fields of cloud computing, switches, routers, optical transmission, optical access and wireless communications, the introduction of multi-wavelength single-fiber bidirectional optical devices can halve the number of optical fibers in the transmission link and reduce the waste of other system ports in the optical transmission system link. For example, in a data center scenario, the optical module supporting the optical cross-connection needs to implement a single-fiber bidirectional port through an external circulator to reduce the waste of the optical cross-connection port. The optical module provided in this application is a single-fiber bidirectional optical device that is different from a circulator and has the advantages of high integration and low insertion loss. The optical module provided in this application is introduced in detail below.

[0071] Figure 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the optical module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1(a), the optical module includes: a first port 10, a second port 20, a third port 30, a first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40, a second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50, a polarization adjustment module 60 and a magnet 70. Among them, the first port 10 and the third port 30 are arranged on the first end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40, and the second port 20 is arranged on the first end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50. The first end face of the polarization adjustment module 60 is affixed to the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40, and the second end face of the polarization adjustment module 60 is affixed to the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50. Among them, the first end face and the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 are parallel to each other, and the first end face and the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50 are parallel to each other. The magnet 70 is located between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50, and the magnet 70 is used to provide magnetism to the polarization adjustment module 60. It should be understood that the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 is provided with a first polarization beam combining and splitting plane 401, and light will achieve polarization beam splitting or polarization beam combining after passing through the first polarization beam combining and splitting plane 401. The second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50 is provided with a second polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501, and light will achieve polarization beam splitting or polarization beam combining after passing through the first polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501.

[0072] Among them, as shown in the coordinate axes of Figure 1(a), the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are perpendicular to each other. The light input direction and light output direction of the optical module are on the X-axis. For example, the direction in which light is input from the first port 10 is represented as the first direction, and the direction in which light is output from the third port 30 is represented as the second direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. It can be seen that the left and right end faces of the polarization adjustment module 60 are end faces opposite to each other on the X-axis. The front and rear end faces of the polarization adjustment module 60 are end faces opposite to each other on the Y-axis, and the Y-axis can also be referred to as the third direction here. The upper and lower end faces of the polarization adjustment module 60 are end faces opposite to each other on the Z-axis, and the Z-axis can also be referred to as the fourth direction here.

[0073] It should be noted that the magnet 70 is bonded to at least one end face of the polarization adjustment module 60 except for the left and right end faces. Taking Figure 1(a) as an example, the left and right end faces of the polarization adjustment module 60 are bonded to the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50 respectively, and the upper and lower end faces of the polarization adjustment module 60 are aligned and bonded to the magnet 70 respectively. In other words, the polarization adjustment module 60 and the magnet 70 can be embedded as a whole between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more compact. It should be understood that in actual applications, at least one end face of the upper end face, lower end face, front end face and rear end face of the polarization adjustment module 60 can be bonded to the magnet 70. For example, a magnet that is bonded to multiple end faces of the polarization adjustment module 60 can also be called a magnetic ring, which is conducive to better providing magnetism for the polarization adjustment module 60. The accompanying drawings are no longer provided here one by one.

[0074] It should also be noted that the magnet 70 provided in this application can be an injection-molded magnet. For example, magnetic powder, polymer material, and additive material are mixed and heated to a molten state, the molten mixed material is injected into a mold under pressure, and then cooled and molded into the desired shape. The molded workpiece is then magnetized by an external magnetic field to obtain the above-mentioned magnet 70. It should be understood that during the injection molding process, the polarization adjustment module 60 and the magnet 70 can also be injection-molded together to obtain an integrated workpiece, which is more convenient for assembly.

[0075] FIG1( b ) is a schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional structure of an optical module in an embodiment of the present application. FIG1( c ) is a schematic diagram of a third three-dimensional structure of an optical module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1( b ) and FIG1( c ), the polarization adjustment module 60 includes a Faraday rotator (FR) 60a and a half-wave plate (HWP) 60b. A magnet 70 is bonded to the FR 60a and is specifically used to provide magnetism to the FR 60a. Taking FIG1( b ) as an example, the magnet 70 is aligned and bonded to the upper and lower end faces of the FR 60a. Taking FIG1( c ) as an example, the magnet 70 is aligned and bonded to the front and rear end faces of the FR 60a. It should be understood that in actual applications, at least one of the upper, lower, front, and rear end faces of the FR 60a can be bonded to the magnet 70, and no further figures are provided here to illustrate each one.

[0076] The optical path and functions of each component in the optical module are introduced below in conjunction with the planar structure diagram of the optical module. It should be understood that since the magnet 70 does not affect the optical path in the optical module, the magnet 70 is no longer shown in the planar structure diagram of the optical module below.

[0077] FIG2(a) is a schematic diagram of the first planar structure of the optical module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG2(a), the optical module supports bidirectional transmission in the sending direction and the receiving direction. The first port 10 is used to connect the optical transmitting module, and the third port 30 is used to connect the optical receiving module. The light beam in the sending direction is input from the first port 10 and output from the second port 20, and the light beam in the receiving direction is input from the second port 20 and output from the third port 30. Since the first port 10 and the third port 30 are arranged on the same end face of the first polarization combining and splitting module 40, the optical transmitting module and the optical receiving module connected to the optical module do not need to be too far apart, so that the design can be more compact.

[0078] It should be understood that the above-mentioned first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50 are both devices with both polarization beam splitting and polarization beam combining functions, and the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50. For example, the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50 are both polarizing beam splitters (PBS). It should also be understood that the function of the polarization adjustment module 60 is to adjust the polarization state of the two polarized lights after polarization splitting. In another possible embodiment, two polarization adjustment devices can also be used to achieve the same function as the polarization adjustment module 60, that is, each polarization adjustment device is used to adjust the polarization state of the corresponding polarized light. Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the second planar structure of the optical module in the embodiment of the present application. The difference from that shown in Figure 2(a) is that, as shown in Figure 2(b), the polarization adjustment module 60 consists of a first polarization adjustment device 601 and a second polarization adjustment device 602.

[0079] In practical applications, since the size of the device for implementing polarization adjustment is usually not too large, it is more convenient to use two polarization adjustment devices. For ease of explanation, the following is an example of an optical module using two polarization adjustment devices.

[0080] It should be noted that the optical module provided in the present application can adopt an integrated structure, that is, the various components in the optical module are seamlessly spliced ​​together, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the optical module. In addition, the process difficulty caused by the scattered assembly of a large number of discrete optical components in the optical module is avoided. As an example, as shown in Figure 2(b), the dark shaded part represents the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40, and the light shaded part represents the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50. The end faces of the first polarization adjustment device 601 and the second polarization adjustment device 602 are completely aligned and fitted with the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50, respectively, so that the overall structure of the optical module is more regular.

[0081] The optical paths of the optical module in the sending direction and the receiving direction are introduced in detail below. It should be noted that some reflective elements are also needed in the optical module to cooperate with the realization of the optical path design. The present application does not limit the number and specific placement of the reflective elements. The following embodiments will provide a relatively simplified optical path design. On this basis, other optical path designs that change the number and placement of reflective elements are also within the scope of protection of the present application, and the present application will not list them one by one. It should also be noted that in order to facilitate the distinction between light with different polarization states, the light with the first polarization state will be uniformly referred to as P light, and the light with the second polarization state will be uniformly referred to as S light. Among them, the polarization states of P light and S light are orthogonal to each other, P light is represented by a vertical line in the accompanying drawings, and S light is represented by a dot in the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path in the sending direction of the optical module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, in the light sending direction, the first light beam input from the first port 10 is a dual-polarized light beam, that is, the first light beam includes P light and S light. The first light beam is reflected by the first reflecting element 801 to the first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 of the first polarization combining and splitting module 40. The first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 performs polarization splitting on the first light beam to obtain P light and S light, wherein the first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 transmits P light and reflects S light. The P light is reflected by the second reflecting element 802 to the first polarization adjustment device 601, and the S light is transmitted to the second polarization adjustment device 602. The polarization state of the P light does not change after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601, and it is still P light. The polarization state of the S light does not change after passing through the second polarization adjustment device 602, and it is still S light. The P light after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601 is transmitted to the second polarization combining and splitting plane 501 of the second polarization combining and splitting module 50. The S light after passing through the second polarization adjustment device 602 is reflected by the third reflective element 803 to the second polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501 of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50. The second polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501 performs polarization beam combining on the P light and the S light to obtain a second light beam. Specifically, the second polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501 transmits the P light and reflects the S light to obtain the second light beam, which is output from the second port 20.

[0083] It should be noted that in the embodiment shown in FIG3 , since a dual-polarized light beam is input from the first port 10, the first port 10 can be connected to a normal optical fiber rather than a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, which is beneficial for cost savings. Furthermore, in some possible scenarios, the first port 10 can also be connected to a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and a single-polarized light beam is input from the first port 10. In other words, the optical module provided in the present application can support both dual-polarized light beams and single-polarized light beams from the first port 10, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the optical module. The following is a detailed introduction to an embodiment in which a single-polarized light beam is input from the first port 10.

[0084] Figure 4 is another schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical module in the sending direction in an embodiment of the present application. Different from the optical path shown in Figure 3, as shown in Figure 4, in the light sending direction, the first light beam input from the first port 10 is a single polarized light beam. The present application does not limit the polarization state of the single polarized light beam. Here, the first light beam is P light as an example. The P light input from the first port 10 is reflected by the first reflecting element 801 to the first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 of the first polarization combining and splitting module 40. The P light after being transmitted through the first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 is reflected by the second reflecting element 802 to the first polarization adjustment device 601. The polarization state of the P light does not change after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601, and it remains P light. The P light after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601 is transmitted to the second polarization combining and splitting plane 501 of the second polarization combining and splitting module 50, and is transmitted to the second port 20 through the second polarization combining and splitting plane 501.

[0085] In some possible scenarios, the light beam input from the first port 10 is a multi-wavelength light beam, that is, the optical module provided in this application can adapt to scenarios where multiple wavelengths are transmitted. In the embodiment shown in FIG3 , the multi-wavelength light beam input from the first port 10 includes P light and S light. As an example, a portion of the wavelengths in the multi-wavelength light beam is single-polarized P light, and another portion of the wavelengths in the multi-wavelength light beam is single-polarized S light. As another example, at least one wavelength in the multi-wavelength light beam is a dual-polarized light beam including P light and S light.

[0086] It should be noted that, in the light receiving direction, the light beams input from the second port 20 of the optical module are all dual-polarized light beams including two polarization states. The light path of the optical module in the light receiving direction is described in detail below.

[0087] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the optical module in the receiving direction in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the third light beam input from the second port 20 is a dual-polarized light beam, that is, the third light beam includes P light and S light. The second polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501 of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module 50 performs polarization beam splitting on the third light beam to obtain P light and S light. Specifically, the second polarization beam combining and splitting plane 501 transmits P light and reflects S light. The P light is transmitted to the first polarization adjustment device 601, and the S light is reflected to the second polarization adjustment device 602 by the third reflecting element 803. After passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601, the P light becomes S light, and the S light is reflected to the first polarization beam combining and splitting plane 401 of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40 by the second reflecting element 802. After passing through the second polarization adjustment device 602, the S light becomes P light, and the P light is transmitted to the first polarization beam combining and splitting plane 401 of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module 40. The first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 performs polarization combining on the P light and the S light and outputs the combined light from the third port 30 . Specifically, the first polarization combining and splitting plane 401 transmits the P light and reflects the S light.

[0088] It should be noted that each port in the optical module supports both single-mode beam transmission and multi-mode beam transmission. In other words, each port in the optical module can be connected to both single-mode optical fiber and multi-mode optical fiber. It should be understood that currently, single-mode optical fiber is mainly used in single-fiber bidirectional scenarios. The optical module designed in this application has a compact structure and a high degree of integration. Because each port of the optical module can be used with multi-mode optical fiber, the application scenarios of this application are expanded and it is conducive to reducing costs. It should also be noted that the wavelength of the light beam input from the first port 10 in the light transmission direction and the wavelength of the light beam input from the second port 20 in the light receiving direction can be the same or different. The specific application shall prevail and this application does not impose any restrictions. For example, all three ports of the optical module are connected to single-mode optical fiber. For another example, all three ports of the optical module are connected to multi-mode optical fiber. For another example, among the three ports of the optical module, there are ports for connecting to single-mode optical fiber and ports for connecting to multi-mode optical fiber.

[0089] From the above introduction, it can be seen that the optical module provided by the present application utilizes the principle of polarization splitting to realize bidirectional transmission of light. The optical module has a high degree of integration, is easy to realize miniaturization, and introduces low insertion loss. The first port and the third port are arranged side by side on the same side of the optical module. The first port is used to connect the light emitting module, and the third port is used to connect the light receiving module. The light emitting module and the light receiving module can be designed to be more compact without being too far apart. In addition, by designing the optical path of the optical module, the optical path of the two polarization states of light in the optical module is similar or the same, and the effect is better. On this basis, the optical module provided by the present application can also avoid the crosstalk problem caused by light reflection or reverse transmission at each port.

[0090] In one possible embodiment, if the second port 20 is connected to a fiber optic connector with a physical contact (PC) or ultra physical contact (UPC) end face, if the end face of the fiber optic connector is contaminated or not firmly plugged in, the light output from the second port 20 may be reflected at the end face of the fiber optic connector, commonly known as near-end reflection. To avoid near-end reflection, the second port 20 is connected to an APC (Angled Physical Contact) fiber optic connector with an angled end face. The end face of an APC connector is usually polished to an 8° angled surface. The reflected light is reflected to the cladding through the angle of the angled surface instead of directly returning to the light source along the original optical path, thereby minimizing the impact of back reflection on the light source.

[0091] In one possible implementation, in the light receiving direction, if the first polarization adjustment device 601 and the second polarization adjustment device 602 do not perform satisfactorily, some light may be output from the first port 10 and transmitted to the light source. To avoid this, an isolator may be added between the first port 10 and the light source to isolate the light beam output from the first port 10.

[0092] In one possible embodiment, there may be a small amount of light reflected from the third port 30 back to the optical module. Based on the design of the optical module, this part of the light cannot be output from the second port 20 according to the original optical path, thereby avoiding interference with the light in the emission direction. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a proximal reflection of the optical module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the light input from the third port 30 includes P light and S light, and the first polarization combining and splitting module 40 transmits the P light and reflects the S light. The polarization state of the P light does not change after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601, and it remains P light. The polarization state of the S light does not change after passing through the second polarization adjustment device 602, and it remains S light. The P light after passing through the second polarization adjustment device 602 is reflected by the third reflecting element 803 to the second polarization combining and splitting module 50. The S light after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601 is transmitted to the second polarization combining and splitting module 50. The second polarization combining and splitting module 50 transmits the P light and reflects the S light to obtain a polarization combined light beam. It can be seen that the polarization combined light beam will not be output from the second port 20 and will not affect the light beam output from the second port in the reverse direction of light transmission.

[0093] It should be noted that, as can be seen from the descriptions of Figures 3-5 above, in the light transmitting direction, the polarization state of polarized light remains unchanged after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601 or the second polarization adjustment device 602. However, in the light receiving direction, the polarization state of polarized light rotates 90° after passing through the first polarization adjustment device 601 or the second polarization adjustment device 602. In other words, the first polarization adjustment device 601 and the second polarization adjustment device 602 have different polarization adjustment modes for the light transmitting direction and the light receiving direction. This will be described below in conjunction with a specific implementation of the first polarization adjustment device 601 and the second polarization adjustment device 602.

[0094] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the polarization adjustment device in the light transmission direction according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the polarization adjustment device in the light receiving direction according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG7 and FIG8 , the first polarization adjustment device 601 includes a first FR 601a and a first HWP 601b, and the second polarization adjustment device 602 includes a second FR 602a and a second HWP 602b. It should be understood that, for the FR, whether in the light transmission direction or the light receiving direction, the FR adjusts the polarization state in a fixed direction. For the HWP, the HWP can adjust the polarization state in different directions according to the different light transmission directions. Among them, the fifth direction and the sixth direction mentioned below are used to represent the rotation direction of the light polarization state, and the fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction.

[0095] As shown in Figure 7, in the optical transmission direction, the first FR 601a rotates the polarization state of the P light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first HWP 601b further rotates the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first FR 601a by 45° toward the sixth direction. Consequently, the P light remains P light after passing through the first FR 601a and the first HWP 601b. Similarly, the second FR 602a rotates the polarization state of the S light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second HWP 602b further rotates the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second FR 602a by 45° toward the sixth direction. Consequently, the S light remains S light after passing through the second FR 602a and the second HWP 602b.

[0096] As shown in Figure 8, in the light receiving direction, the first HWP 601b rotates the polarization state of the P light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first FR 601a further rotates the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first HWP 601b by 45° toward the fifth direction. Consequently, the P light, after passing through the first HWP 601b and the first FR 601a, is converted into S light. Similarly, the second HWP 602b rotates the polarization state of the S light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second FR 602a further rotates the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second HWP 602b by 45° toward the fifth direction. Consequently, the S light, after passing through the second HWP 602b and the second FR 602a, is converted into P light.

[0097] It should be noted that in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 and 8 above, the first FR 601a and the first HWP 601b can also achieve the same effect by swapping their positions. Similarly, the second FR 602a and the second HWP 602b can also achieve the same effect by swapping their positions, but the figures are not provided here for illustration. As an example, the first FR 601a and the first HWP 601b swap their positions, and the second FR 602a and the second HWP 602b also swap their positions. As another example, the first FR 601a and the first HWP 601b maintain the positions shown in Figures 7 and 8, and the second FR 602a and the second HWP 602b swap their positions. As yet another example, the second FR 602a and the second HWP 602b maintain the positions shown in Figures 7 and 8, and the first FR 601a and the first HWP 601b swap their positions.

[0098] It should also be noted that this application does not limit the specific shapes of the components in the optical module. The drawings provided in this application show a possible shape design of the optical module. Some simple shape changes based on this are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0099] It should be understood that the optical modules introduced above can be applied to a variety of different scenarios, such as optical transceiver modules, lidar, and optical amplification systems. The following details some possible specific application scenarios of optical modules.

[0100] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an optical transceiver module in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the optical transceiver module includes: an optical module, an optical transmitting module, an optical receiving module and an electronic chip. Optionally, the optical transceiver module also includes a combiner and a demultiplexer. Among them, the optical module can be the optical module introduced in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here. The first port of the optical module is connected to the combiner, and the third port of the optical module is connected to the demultiplexer. The electronic chip is used to control the optical transmitting module and the optical receiving module. In the scenario where the optical transceiver module includes a combiner and a demultiplexer, the optical transmitting module generally includes multiple lasers of different wavelengths and multiple modulators corresponding to each other, or the optical transmitting module includes multiple lasers of different wavelengths that can be modulated, and the optical receiving module generally includes a photodetector. Specifically, the combiner combines multiple light beams of different wavelengths emitted by the light source to obtain a combined light beam, and sends the combined light beam to the first port of the optical module. The wave splitter is used to split the light beam from the third port of the optical module to obtain multiple light beams with different wavelengths, and send the multiple light beams with different wavelengths after splitting to the photoelectric detector.

[0101] FIG10( a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a combiner in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG10( a), taking the four different wavelengths of light emitted by the optical emission module as an example, the four different wavelengths are divided into λ1, λ2, λ3 and λ4, and the four different wavelengths of light are all P light. The combiner includes a reflector 1, an HWP 2, a PBS 3, a reflector 4, an HWP 5, a PBS 6, a reflector 7 and a filter 8. Specifically, the P light of λ4 wavelength is reflected by the reflector 1 to the HWP 2, and after passing through the HWP 2, it is converted into the S light of λ4 wavelength. The PBS 3 performs polarization beam combining on the P light of λ3 wavelength and the S light of λ4 wavelength, and the polarization-combined light is transmitted to the filter 8 through the reflector 7. The P light of λ1 wavelength is reflected by the reflector 4 to the HWP 5, and after passing through the HWP 5, it is converted into the S light of λ1 wavelength. PBS 6 performs polarization beam combining on the P light with a wavelength of λ2 and the S light with a wavelength of λ1, and transmits the polarization-combined light to filter 8. Filter 8 combines the light polarized by PBS 3 and the light polarized by PBS 6, and transmits the combined light beam to the first port 10 of the optical module. The combined light beam includes the S light with a wavelength of λ1, the P light with a wavelength of λ2, the P light with a wavelength of λ3, and the S light with a wavelength of λ4.

[0102] Figure 10(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spatial combiner and splitter in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10(b), taking the four different wavelengths of light emitted by the optical transmission module as an example, the four different wavelengths are divided into λ1, λ2, λ3, and λ4, and the four different wavelengths of light are all dual-polarized beams. The combiner includes four input ports on one side, an output port and a reflective element on the other side, and the portion between the two sides of the combiner is a light-transmitting component. The four different wavelengths of light are input into the combiner from the four input ports respectively. Each input port of the combiner is provided with a transflective filter, each of which is used to transmit light of the corresponding wavelength and reflect light of other wavelengths. The optical path shown in Figure 10(b) shows that after the four different wavelengths of light are combined, they are output from the output port provided with the translucent film to the first port 10 of the optical module. The splitter includes an input port and a reflective element on one side, and four output ports on the other side. The portion between the two sides of the splitter is a light-transmitting component. Light from the third port 30 of the optical fiber module enters the splitter through an input port equipped with a light-transmitting film. Each output port of the splitter is equipped with a transflective filter, each designed to transmit light of its corresponding wavelength and reflect light of other wavelengths. As shown in the optical path shown in Figure 10(b), light of four different wavelengths is output from the four output ports of the splitter to the optical receiving module.

[0103] Optionally, in the scenario shown in FIG10( b ), the output port of the combiner may not be completely aligned with the first port 10 of the optical module. To ensure that the light output from the combiner can be smoothly input into the optical module from the first port 10, a beam shifting assembly may be provided between the output port of the combiner and the first port 10 of the optical fiber module. Similarly, the third port 30 of the optical module may not be completely aligned with the input port of the splitter. To ensure that the light output from the third port 30 of the optical module can be smoothly input into the input port of the splitter, a beam shifting assembly may be provided between the third port 30 of the optical module and the input port of the splitter.

[0104] Figure 10(c) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide-type combiner and demultiplexer in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10(c), taking the four different wavelengths of light emitted by the optical transmission module as an example, the four different wavelengths are divided into λ1, λ2, λ3 and λ4, and the four different wavelengths of light are all dual-polarized beams. The combiner includes a combining module, four input waveguides and an upstream waveguide, and the demultiplexer includes a demultiplexing module, four output waveguides and a downstream waveguide. In the optical transmission direction, the four different wavelengths of light emitted by the optical transmission module are respectively input into the combining module through the four input waveguides. The combining module combines the four different wavelengths of light and outputs the combined light beam through the upstream waveguide to the first port 10 of the optical module. In the optical receiving direction, the light beam from the third port 30 of the optical module is transmitted through the downstream waveguide to the demultiplexing module. The demultiplexing module demultiplexes the input light beam and outputs the four demultiplexed light beams of different wavelengths to the optical receiving module through the four output waveguides.

[0105] It should be understood that the combiner shown in Figures 10(a), 10(b), and 10(c) is only one possible implementation method. In addition, the combiner can also adopt other implementation methods such as thin film filter combination or waveguide type combiner, which are not limited here. Similarly, the splitter can also adopt implementation methods such as thin film filter combination or waveguide type splitter, which are not limited here. In addition, the above-mentioned four-wavelength combination and splitting scenario is only an example. In actual application, the number of combination and splitting wavelengths will be based on the specific design and is not restricted here.

[0106] It should be noted that, taking FIG9 as an example, in some other possible scenarios, a combiner / demultiplexer may be used to replace the combiner and the demultiplexer. Several possible implementations of the combiner / demultiplexer are described below.

[0107] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a combiner / splitter in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the combiner / splitter shown in FIG11 is equivalent to combining the combiner and splitter shown in FIG10(b) into an integrated structure. Taking the combining and splitting scenario of four different wavelengths as an example, in the light transmitting direction, the four different wavelengths of light are respectively input from the four input ports of the combiner / splitter, and the combined light is output to the first port 10 of the optical module. In the light receiving direction, the combined light beam from the third port 30 of the optical module is input to the combiner / splitter, and the four different wavelengths of light after splitting are respectively output from the four output ports of the combiner / splitter.

[0108] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another combiner / demultiplexer in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the combiner / demultiplexer shown in FIG12 is equivalent to combining the combiner and demultiplexer shown in FIG10(c) into an integrated structure. As shown in FIG12, the combiner / demultiplexer can be implemented in the manner of a waveguide-type wavelength division multiplexer. Taking the scenario of combining and demultiplexing of four different wavelengths as an example, the combiner / demultiplexer includes: a combiner / demultiplexer module, an upstream waveguide, a downstream waveguide and four bidirectional waveguides. In the optical transmission direction, four different wavelengths of light are respectively input into the combiner / demultiplexer module through four bidirectional waveguides, and the light beams after being combined by the combiner / demultiplexer module are transmitted to the first port 10 of the optical module through the upstream waveguide. In the optical receiving direction, the combined light beam from the third port 30 of the optical module is input into the combiner / demultiplexer module through the downstream waveguide, and the four different wavelengths of light after being demultiplexed by the combiner / demultiplexer module are respectively output to the optical receiving module through four bidirectional waveguides.

[0109] It should be noted that in the optical transmission direction shown in Figure 12, light with a wavelength of λ1 is input through bidirectional waveguide 1, light with a wavelength of λ2 is input through bidirectional waveguide 2, light with a wavelength of λ3 is input through bidirectional waveguide 3, and light with a wavelength of λ4 is input through bidirectional waveguide 4. In the optical reception direction shown in Figure 12, light with a wavelength of λ1 is output through bidirectional waveguide 4, light with a wavelength of λ2 is output through bidirectional waveguide 3, light with a wavelength of λ3 is output through bidirectional waveguide 2, and light with a wavelength of λ4 is output through bidirectional waveguide 1. A comparison of Figures 11 and 12 shows that the combiner / demultiplexer shown in Figure 11 needs to allocate four input ports for the optical transmission direction and four output ports for the optical reception direction. The four bidirectional waveguides in the combiner / demultiplexer shown in Figure 12 can transmit light in both the optical transmission direction and the optical reception direction.

[0110] Alternatively, taking Figure 12 as an example, in some possible implementations, the four bidirectional waveguides of the combiner / demultiplexer can be connected to four different groups of optical transmitter modules and optical receiver modules, respectively. For example, bidirectional waveguide 1 is connected to optical transmitter module 1 and optical receiver module 4. Bidirectional waveguide 1 is used to transmit light with a wavelength of λ1 from optical transmitter module 1 and transmit light with a wavelength of λ4 to optical receiver module 4. Bidirectional waveguide 2 is connected to optical transmitter module 2 and optical receiver module 3. Bidirectional waveguide 2 is used to transmit light with a wavelength of λ2 from optical transmitter module 2 and transmit light with a wavelength of λ3 to optical receiver module 3. Bidirectional waveguide 3 is connected to optical transmitter module 3 and optical receiver module 2. Bidirectional waveguide 3 is used to transmit light with a wavelength of λ3 from optical transmitter module 3 and transmit light with a wavelength of λ2 to optical receiver module 2. The bidirectional waveguide 1 is connected to the optical transmitting module 4 and the optical receiving module 1 . The bidirectional waveguide 4 is used to transmit light of wavelength λ4 from the optical transmitting module 4 and transmit light of wavelength λ1 to the optical receiving module 1 .

[0111] It should be noted that in some possible implementations, multiple optical modules can be combined to achieve multiple wavelengths of wavelength combination and demultiplexing. The following example uses three optical modules as an example. The specific number of optical modules depends on the actual application and is not limited here.

[0112] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the first implementation method of multiple optical modules in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG13 , the three optical modules are respectively recorded as optical module A, optical module B and optical module C. The first ports of the three optical modules are respectively connected to combiner A, combiner B and combiner C. The third ports of the three optical modules are respectively connected to splitter A, splitter B and splitter C. The second ports of the three optical modules are all connected to combiners and splitters. It can be seen that each combiner can handle the combining of 4 light beams with different wavelengths, and each splitter can handle the splitting of 4 light beams with different wavelengths. Then, combining the three optical modules can realize the combining and splitting of 12 light beams with different wavelengths. In the light transmitting direction, the combiner and splitter combine and output the 12 wavelengths of light from the second ports of the three optical modules. In the light receiving direction, the combiner and splitter splits the input light to obtain 12 different wavelengths of light, and distributes the light of 4 wavelengths as a group to the three optical modules. It should be understood that the embodiment shown in FIG13 uses three independent optical modules. In other possible scenarios, multiple optical modules may be integrated together, that is, multiple optical modules may be implemented using an integrated structure.

[0113] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation method of multiple optical modules in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, the difference from the structure shown in Figure 13 is that the three optical modules are designed as an integrated structure. Specifically, optical module A and optical module B share reflective element 804, and optical module B and optical module C share reflective element 805. For optical module A, reflective element 804 performs a function similar to that of reflective element 802A. For optical module B, reflective element 804 performs a function similar to that of reflective element 801B, and reflective element 805 performs a function similar to that of reflective element 802B. For optical module C, reflective element 805 performs a function similar to that of reflective element 801C. In addition, the polarization adjustment device 601A in optical module A is bonded to the polarization adjustment device 602B in optical module B, and the polarization adjustment device 601B in optical module B is bonded to the polarization adjustment device 602C in optical module C. In some possible implementations, the independent polarization adjustment devices in the three optical modules can also be integrated into a polarization adjustment module to achieve similar functions.

[0114] It should be noted that in the scenarios shown in Figures 13 and 14, each optical module can be paired with a combiner of the same structure, or can be connected to a combiner of different structures. For example, all optical modules are paired with the combiner shown in Figure 10(a). For another example, all optical modules are paired with the combiner shown in Figure 10(b). For another example, some optical modules are paired with the combiner shown in Figure 10(a), and another part of the optical modules are paired with the combiner shown in Figure 10(b). Similarly, each optical module can be paired with a splitter of the same structure, or can be connected to splitters of different structures. It should also be noted that the combiner and splitter shown in Figure 11 or Figure 12 can also be used to replace the combiner and splitter in the scenario shown in Figure 13 or Figure 14, and each optical module can be paired with a combiner and splitter of the same structure, or can be connected to combiners and splitters of different structures. No drawings are provided here for display.

[0115] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser radar in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 15, the laser radar includes: a light source, a photodetector and an optical module. Among them, the optical module can be the optical module introduced in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here. The first port 10 of the optical module is connected to the light source, and the third port 30 of the optical module is connected to the photodetector. Specifically, the light beam emitted by the light source is input from the first port 10 of the optical module and output from the second port 20. The light beam output from the second port 20 is reflected by the target object and transmitted back to the second port 20, and is output from the third port 30 to the photodetector. The photodetector can process the received light beam to calculate the flight time of the light beam, thereby realizing the radar ranging function.

[0116] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical amplification system in an embodiment of the present application. For example, the optical amplification system is applied to scenarios such as long-distance optical transmission networks and optical sensing. As shown in FIG16 , the optical amplification system includes: a light source, a first optical amplifier (abbreviated as optical amplifier 1), a second optical amplifier (abbreviated as optical amplifier 2), a reflector, and an optical module. The optical module can be the optical module described in any of the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here. The two ends of optical amplifier 1 are respectively connected to the light source and the first port 10 of the optical module. The two ends of optical amplifier 2 are respectively connected to the reflector and the second port 20 of the optical module. Specifically, optical amplifier 1 amplifies the light beam emitted by the light source and transmits the amplified light beam to the first port 10 of the optical module. The light beam output from the second port 20 of the optical module is amplified by optical amplifier 2 and then transmitted to the reflector. The light beam reflected by the reflector is further amplified by optical amplifier 2 and then transmitted to the second port 20 of the optical module, and is output from the third port 30 of the optical module.

[0117] It should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical module, characterized in that: include: A first port, a second port, a third port, a first polarization beam combining and splitting module, a second polarization beam combining and splitting module, a polarization adjustment module and a magnet, wherein the first port and the third port are arranged on a first end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second port is arranged on a first end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, the polarization adjustment module and the magnet are located between the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, at least one end face of the polarization adjustment module except two end faces in the first direction is attached to the magnet, and the magnet is used to provide magnetism to the polarization adjustment module; The first polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to perform polarization beam splitting on the first light beam input from the first port to obtain a first polarized light with a first polarization state and a second polarized light with a second polarization state, wherein the first polarization state and the second polarization state are orthogonal to each other; The polarization adjustment module is used to perform polarization adjustment on the first polarized light input along the first direction to obtain the first polarized light, and to perform polarization adjustment on the second polarized light input along the first direction to obtain the second polarized light; The second polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to perform polarization beam combining on the first polarized light and the second polarized light to obtain a second light beam, wherein the second light beam is output from the second port; The second polarization beam combining and splitting module is further used for performing polarization beam splitting on the third light beam input from the second port to obtain a third polarized light having the first polarization state and a fourth polarized light having the second polarization state; The polarization adjustment module is further used to perform polarization adjustment on the third polarized light input along the second direction to obtain a fifth polarized light having the second polarization state, and to perform polarization adjustment on the fourth polarized light input along the second direction to obtain a sixth polarized light having the first polarization state, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction; The first polarization beam combining and splitting module is further used to perform polarization beam combining on the fifth polarized light and the sixth polarized light to obtain a fourth light beam, wherein the fourth light beam is output from the third port.

2. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first light beam is a multi-wavelength light beam.

3. The optical module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The light beams of the first part of the wavelengths in the first light beam have the first polarization state, and the light beams of the second part of the wavelengths in the first light beam have the second polarization state; or, A light beam of at least one wavelength in the first light beam includes the first polarization state and the second polarization state.

4. The optical module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first end face of the polarization adjustment module is in contact with the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second end face of the polarization adjustment module is in contact with the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, the first end face and the second end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other, and the first end face and the second end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other.

5. The optical module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The optical module further includes a first reflecting element, a second reflecting element and a third reflecting element, wherein the first reflecting element is arranged at the third end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the second reflecting element is arranged at the fourth end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the third reflecting element is arranged at the third end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module, and the third end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module, the fourth end face of the first polarization beam combining and splitting module and the third end face of the second polarization beam combining and splitting module are parallel to each other; The first reflecting element is used to reflect the first light beam input from the first port; The first polarization beam combining and splitting module is used to transmit the first polarized light and reflect the second polarized light; The second reflecting element is used to reflect the first polarized light to the polarization adjustment module; The third reflecting element is used to reflect the second polarized light passing through the polarization adjustment module; The second polarization beam combining and splitting module is used for transmitting the first polarized light passing through the polarization adjustment module and reflecting the second polarized light to obtain the second light beam; The second polarization beam combining and splitting module is further used to transmit the third polarized light and reflect the fourth polarized light; The third reflecting element is further used to reflect the fourth polarized light to the polarization adjustment module; The second reflecting element is further used to reflect the fifth polarized light passing through the polarization adjustment module; The first polarization beam combining and splitting module is further used to transmit the sixth polarized light passing through the polarization adjustment module and reflect the fifth polarized light to obtain the fourth light beam.

6. The optical module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The polarization adjustment module includes a first polarization adjustment device and a second polarization adjustment device; The first polarization adjustment device is used to perform polarization adjustment on the first polarized light input along the first direction to obtain the first polarized light; The second polarization adjustment device is used for performing polarization adjustment on the second polarized light input along the first direction to obtain the second polarized light; The first polarization adjustment device is further used to perform polarization adjustment on the third polarized light input along the second direction to obtain a fifth polarized light having the second polarization state; The second polarization adjustment device is further used to perform polarization adjustment on the fourth polarized light input along the second direction to obtain a sixth polarized light having the first polarization state.

7. The optical module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first polarization adjusting device includes a first FR and a first HWP, and the second polarization adjusting device includes a second FR and a second HWP; The first FR is used to rotate the polarization state of the first polarized light by 45° toward a fifth direction, and the first HWP is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first FR by 45° toward a sixth direction to obtain the first polarized light, and the fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction; The second FR is used to rotate the polarization state of the second polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second HWP is used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second FR by 45° toward the sixth direction to obtain the second polarized light; The first HWP is further used to rotate the polarization state of the third polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the first FR is further used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the first HWP by 45° toward the fifth direction to obtain the fifth polarized light; The second HWP is further used to rotate the polarization state of the fourth polarized light by 45° toward the fifth direction, and the second FR is further used to rotate the polarization state of the polarized light passing through the second HWP by 45° toward the fifth direction to obtain the sixth polarized light.

8. The optical module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first FR and the second FR are attached to each other in a third direction, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the magnet is used to provide magnetism to the first FR and the second FR.

9. The optical module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The other end surface of the first FR in the third direction except the end surface in contact with the second FR is in contact with the magnet, and the other end surface of the second FR in the third direction except the end surface in contact with the first FR is in contact with the magnet.

10. The optical module according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: At least one of the two end faces of the first FR in the fourth direction is in contact with the magnet, and at least one of the two end faces of the first FR in the fourth direction is in contact with the magnet. The fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the third direction.

11. The optical module according to claim 1, 2, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that: The second port is used to connect an APC type optical fiber connector with a beveled end face.

12. The optical module according to claim 1, 2, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that: The first port is used to connect to an isolator, and the isolator is used to isolate the light beam output from the first port.

13. An optical system, characterized in that: include: A combiner and an optical module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the combiner comprises a reflective element, a half-wave plate HWP, a polarization combiner, a first input port, a second input port and an output port; The reflective element is used to reflect the first polarized light having a first polarization state and a first wavelength input from the first input port to the HWP; The HWP is used to perform polarization adjustment on the first polarized light to obtain a second polarized light having a second polarization state, wherein the first polarization state and the second polarization state are orthogonal to each other; The polarization beam combiner is used to perform polarization beam combining on the second polarized light and the third polarized light having the first polarization state and the second wavelength input from the second input port to obtain a combined light beam, and transmit the combined light beam from the output port to the first port of the optical module.

14. An optical transceiver module, characterized in that: include: A light emitting module, a light receiving module, and an optical module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12; The light emitting module is used to send a light beam to the first port of the optical module; The light receiving module is used to receive a light beam from the third port of the optical module.

15. The optical transceiver module according to claim 14, characterized in that: The optical transceiver module also includes a combiner and a splitter; The combiner is used to combine N light beams with different wavelengths emitted by the optical emission module, and send the combined light beams to the first port of the optical module, where N is an integer greater than 1; The splitter is used to split the light beam from the third port of the optical module to obtain N light beams with different wavelengths, and send the split N light beams with different wavelengths to the optical receiving module.

16. The optical transceiver module according to claim 14, characterized in that: The optical transceiver module also includes a wave combiner / demultiplexer, and the wave combiner / demultiplexer includes a wave combiner / demultiplexer module, an upstream waveguide, a downstream waveguide, and N bidirectional waveguides; The optical emission module is used to emit N light beams with different wavelengths to the N bidirectional waveguides respectively; The wavelength combining and decomposing module is used to combine N light beams with different wavelengths from the light source, and send the combined light beams to the first port of the optical module through the upstream waveguide; The combining and demultiplexing module is also used to receive the light beam from the third port of the optical module through the downstream waveguide, demultiplex the light beam from the third port of the optical module to obtain N light beams with different wavelengths, and send the demultiplexed N light beams with different wavelengths to the optical receiving module through the N bidirectional waveguides.

17. A laser radar, characterized in that: include: A light source, a photodetector and an optical module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12; The light source is used to send a light beam to the first port of the optical module, wherein the light beam output from the second port of the optical module is transmitted to the target object, and the light beam reflected by the target object is transmitted to the second port of the optical module; The photodetector is used to receive the light beam from the third port of the optical module.

18. An optical amplification system, characterized in that: include: A light source, a first optical amplifier, a second optical amplifier, a reflector, and an optical module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12; The first optical amplifier is used to amplify the light beam emitted by the light source and transmit the amplified light beam to the first port of the optical module; The second optical amplifier is used to amplify the light beam from the second port of the optical module and transmit the amplified light beam to the reflector; The second optical amplifier is also used to amplify the light beam from the reflector and transmit the amplified light beam to the second port of the optical module.

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