Electronic device

Abstract

Provided in the present application is an electronic device. The electronic device comprises an antenna, wherein a conductive portion of a frame of the electronic device is used as radiators for the antenna. The antenna comprises a first radiator and a second radiator. The first radiator comprises a conductor portion of the frame between a first position and a second position. The second radiator comprises a conductor portion of the frame between the second position and a third position. Gaps are formed at the first position, the second position and the third position of the frame, wherein the first position and the second position are located at the top of the electronic device.

Description

An electronic device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 29, 2023, with application number 202311102481.2 and application name “An Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] Currently, existing terminal electronic devices use frame antennas as radiators. For example, in satellite navigation or satellite communication systems, frame radiators are primarily used to form linearly polarized antennas. When performing satellite navigation or satellite communication, users need to align the antenna's maximum radiation direction with the satellite to establish a communication connection with the satellite. However, the maximum radiation direction of the linearly polarized antenna formed by the frame radiator is perpendicular to the electronic device's display screen. Therefore, users need to point the screen toward the sky when performing satellite navigation or communication, which is extremely inconvenient.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna, wherein the antenna uses a conductive part of a frame of the electronic device as a radiator.

[0006] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a frame, comprising a first position, a second position and a third position arranged in sequence, the frame respectively having a first slit, a second slit and a third slit at the first position, the second position and the third position, the frame further comprising a first side and a second side intersecting at an angle, the length of the first side being greater than the length of the second side, the first position and the second position being located on the second side, and the third position being located on the first side; an antenna, comprising: a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator being a conductive part of the frame between the first position and the second position, the second radiator being a conductive part of the frame between the second position and the third position, a first feeding circuit, the first radiator or the second radiator comprising a first feeding point, the first feeding point being located on the second side, the first feeding circuit being coupled to the first feeding point, a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit, the first radiator comprising a first connection point, the second radiator comprising a second connection point, the first tuning circuit being coupled to the second connection point, and the second tuning circuit being coupled to the first connection point.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the first part is greater than or equal to one half of the length of the second part, and less than or equal to three half of the length of the second part, the first part is the part of the second radiator on the first side, and the second part is the part of the second radiator on the second side.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first tuning circuit is in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band; the second tuning circuit is in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance includes a second frequency band.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feeding circuit includes a first RF channel and a second RF channel, the first RF channel is used to feed signals in the first frequency band, and the second RF channel is used to feed signals in the second frequency band.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a second feeding circuit; the first radiator includes the first feeding point, the second radiator includes a second feeding point, the second feeding point is located on the second side, and the second feeding circuit is coupled to the second feeding point.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator are in the same direction.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor; the frame also includes a first grounding point and a second grounding point, the frame is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the first grounding point is located between the first feeding point and the first connection point, and the second grounding point is located between the second feeding point and the second connection point.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a third tuning circuit and a fourth tuning circuit; the first radiator includes a third connection point, the second radiator includes a fourth connection point, the first grounding point is located between the first connection point and the third connection point, the second grounding point is located between the second connection point and the fourth connection point, the third tuning circuit is coupled to the third connection point, and the fourth tuning circuit is coupled to the fourth connection point.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit are in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance and a third resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance; the second tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit are in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance and a fourth resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz, and / or the frequency difference between the resonance point of the second resonance and the resonance point of the fourth resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a frequency difference between a resonance point of the third resonance and a resonance point of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 200 MHz and less than or equal to 500 MHz.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a first grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor through the first grounding member at the first grounding point; the width of the connection between the first grounding member and the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a second grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor through the second grounding member at the second grounding point; the width of the connection between the second grounding member and the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.

[0019] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a frame, comprising a first position, a second position, a third position and a fourth position arranged in sequence, the frame respectively having a first slit, a second slit, a third slit and a fourth slit at the first position, the second position, the third position and the fourth position, the frame further comprising a first side, a second side and a third side, the first side and the third side intersecting the second side at an angle, the length of the first side being greater than the length of the second side, the length of the third side being greater than the length of the second side, the first position and the second position being located on the second side, the third position being located on the first side, and the fourth position being located on the third side; an antenna, comprising: a first radiator and a second radiator, the The first radiator is the conductive part of the frame between the first position and the fourth position, the second radiator is the conductive part of the frame between the second position and the third position, a first feeding circuit, a second feeding circuit, the first radiator includes a first feeding point, the second radiator includes a second feeding point, the first feeding point and the second feeding point are located on the second side, the first feeding circuit is coupled to the first feeding point, the second feeding circuit is coupled to the second feeding point, a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit, the first radiator includes a first connection point, the second radiator includes a second connection point, the first tuning circuit is coupled to the second connection point, and the second tuning circuit is coupled to the first connection point.

[0020] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the length of the first part is greater than or equal to one half of the length of the second part and less than or equal to three halfs of the length of the second part, the first part is the part of the first radiator on the first side, the second part is the part of the first radiator on the second side, and / or the length of the third part is greater than or equal to one half of the length of the fourth part and less than or equal to three halfs of the length of the fourth part, the third part is the part of the second radiator on the third side, and the fourth part is the part of the second radiator on the second side.

[0021] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first tuning circuit is in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band; the second tuning circuit is in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance includes a second frequency band.

[0022] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator are in the same direction.

[0023] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor; the frame also includes a first grounding point and a second grounding point, the frame is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the first grounding point is located between the first feeding point and the first connection point, and the second grounding point is located between the second feeding point and the second connection point.

[0024] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna also includes a third tuning circuit and a fourth tuning circuit; the first radiator includes a third connection point, the second radiator includes a fourth connection point, the first grounding point is located between the first connection point and the third connection point, the second grounding point is located between the second connection point and the fourth connection point, the third tuning circuit is coupled to the third connection point, and the fourth tuning circuit is coupled to the fourth connection point.

[0025] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit are in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance and a third resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance; the second tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit are in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance and a fourth resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0026] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz, and / or the frequency difference between the resonance point of the second resonance and the resonance point of the fourth resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.

[0027] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a first grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor through the first grounding member at the first grounding point; the width of the connection between the first grounding member and the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.

[0028] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a second grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor through the second grounding member at the second grounding point; the width of the connection between the second grounding member and the frame is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the common mode of a wire antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current and electric field.

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the differential mode of another linear antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0032] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG. 5 is an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 4 .

[0034] FIG. 6 shows simulation results of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 4 .

[0035] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG. 9 is an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0038] FIG. 10 is a simulation result of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 .

[0039] FIG. 11 is a current distribution diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 operating at the first resonance (eg, 2.5 GHz).

[0040] FIG. 12 is a current distribution diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 operating at the second resonance (eg, 1.62 GHz).

[0041] FIG. 13 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 operating at the first resonance (eg, 2.5 GHz).

[0042] FIG. 14 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 operating at the second resonance (eg, 1.62 GHz).

[0043] FIG. 15 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 operating at the first resonance (eg, 2.5 GHz).

[0044] FIG. 16 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 8 operating at the second resonance (eg, 1.62 GHz).

[0045] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] FIG. 18 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 17 operating at the first resonance (eg, 1.62 GHz).

[0047] FIG. 19 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 17 operating at the second resonance (eg, 2.5 GHz).

[0048] FIG. 20 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 17 operating at the first resonance (eg, 1.62 GHz).

[0049] FIG21 is a directional diagram corresponding to the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG17 operating at the second resonance (eg, 2.5 GHz).

[0050] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is simply a term used to describe the existence of three possible relationships between related objects. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of both A and B, and the existence of B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0059] As used in this application, “within the range of…” includes both end values ​​of the range by default. For example, within the range of 1 to 5, the two values ​​1 and 5 are included.

[0060] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0061] Component / device: includes at least one of lumped component / device and distributed component / device.

[0062] Lumped component / device: This refers to all components whose size is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit's operating frequency. For a signal, the component's characteristics remain constant at all times, regardless of frequency.

[0063] Distributed components / devices: Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.

[0064] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0065] Inductance: This can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductors; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material.

[0066] Radiator: A device in an antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the narrow meaning of "antenna" is the radiator, which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, where it is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0067] The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, and can also be called a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a bracket conductor, and can also be called a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) of the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave oscillator antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted-F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as a PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.

[0068] The radiator may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0069] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0070] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (also referred to as an RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuit or the antenna radiator through the cable. The RF front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0071] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0072] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0073] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuit in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0074] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. In another embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may include a switch and / or an electronic component; the switch may be an electronic component used to switch the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. Generally, it is considered to be part of the antenna.

[0075] The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, through which the radiator is coupled to the floor / feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0076] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of an antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end / feeding point may be a coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding structure). For another example, the grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0077] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0078] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0079] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0080] It should be understood that coupling the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to the radiator at the opening of the open end or the suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0081] The “suspended radiator” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application means that the radiator is not directly connected to the feed line / feed branch and / or the ground line / ground branch, but is fed and / or grounded through indirect coupling.

[0082] It should be understood that the "suspended" in "suspended end" and "suspended radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In one embodiment, the suspended radiator can be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of the insulating back cover.

[0083] The current same direction / reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction / reverse direction. For example, when stimulating a unidirectional distributed current on a conductor that is bent or ring-shaped (for example, the current path is also bent or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the main currents stimulated on the conductors on both sides of the ring conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are opposite in direction, which still falls within the definition of unidirectional distributed current in this application. In one embodiment, the current same direction on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In one embodiment, the current reverse on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, the current same direction on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the current reverse on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The current same direction / reversal on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0084] The electric field in the embodiments of the present application is in the same direction or opposite direction, which should be understood as the direction of the main electric field generated by the conductor in the space (for example, the electric field between the conductor and the floor) being in the same direction or opposite direction. For example, when a unidirectional distributed electric field is excited on a curved or ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gap formed between the floor and the conductor is also curved or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the direction of the electric field in the gap is from the floor to the conductor, or from the conductor to the floor. Although the main electric fields excited in the gaps on both sides of the ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gaps on both sides of the gap of the conductor surrounding a gap) are opposite in direction, they still fall within the definition of unidirectional distributed electric fields in the embodiments of the present application. In one embodiment, the electric field in the same direction between a conductor and the floor can mean that there is no reversal point between the electric field between the conductor and the floor. In one embodiment, the electric field in the opposite direction between a conductor and the floor can mean that there is at least one reversal point between the electric field between the conductor and the floor. In one embodiment, the electric field in the same direction between two conductors and the floor can mean that there is no reversal point between the electric field between the two conductors and the floor, and the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor radiate in the same direction (for example, the positive direction of the z-axis). In one embodiment, the electric fields between two conductors and the floor are in opposite directions, which means that the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor have no reverse points and flow in opposite directions. The electric fields between multiple conductors and the floor can be understood to be in the same or opposite directions accordingly.

[0085] Resonance / resonance frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0086] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0087] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0088] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may overlap one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0089] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0090] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0091] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0092] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light / frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz) and the speed of light can be taken as 3×108 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Wherein, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0093] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0094] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0096] Antenna pattern: Also known as radiation pattern. It is a graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiation field changes with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns passing through the antenna's direction of maximum radiation.

[0097] Antenna patterns typically have multiple radiation beams. The beam with the strongest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, while the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, those in the opposite direction of the main lobe are also called back lobes.

[0098] Directivity: Also known as the directivity of an antenna, it refers to the ratio of the maximum power density to the average power density in the antenna pattern at a certain distance from the antenna (far field). It is a dimensionless ratio greater than or equal to 1. It can be used to indicate the energy radiation characteristics of an antenna. A larger directivity indicates that the antenna radiates more energy in a certain direction and the energy radiation is more concentrated.

[0099] Antenna Gain: This is used to measure how well an antenna radiates input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe of an antenna pattern and the smaller the side lobes, the higher the antenna gain.

[0100] Polarization direction of a line: At a given point in space, the electric field strength E (vector) is a function of time t. As time passes, the endpoints of the vector periodically trace a trajectory in space. If this trajectory is straight and perpendicular to the ground, it is called vertical polarization. If it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization. If this trajectory is elliptical or circular and rotates clockwise or to the right when observed along the direction of propagation, it is called right-hand circular polarization (RHCP). If it rotates counterclockwise or to the left with time, it is called left-hand circular polarization (LHCP).

[0101] Antenna axial ratio (AR): Under circular polarization, the electric field vector endpoints periodically trace out an ellipse in space. The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is called the axial ratio. Axial ratio is a key performance indicator for circularly polarized antennas. It represents the purity of circular polarization and is a key indicator of the signal gain differences across the entire device in different directions. The closer the antenna's axial ratio is to 1 (the more the electric field vector endpoints periodically trace out a circular path in space), the better its circular polarization performance.

[0102] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0103] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, a type of S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient and characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is typically negative. A smaller S11 parameter indicates lower antenna return loss and less energy reflected back from the antenna itself, meaning more energy actually enters the antenna and higher system efficiency. A larger S11 parameter indicates greater antenna return loss and lower system efficiency.

[0104] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0105] Ground (GND): can generally refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components, etc. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the middle frame of the electronic device, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12 to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0106] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0107] Grounding refers to coupling with the ground / floor via a grounding structure and / or grounding circuit. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as achieving physical grounding at a specific location on the frame through a portion of the middle frame's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding through a capacitor, inductor, resistor, or other device connected in series or parallel (or referred to as a device ground).

[0108] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0109] As shown in FIG1 , electronic device 10 may include a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, cover 13 may be a glass cover or may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material.

[0110] The cover plate 13 may be disposed closely against the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.

[0111] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0112] The middle frame 19 mainly supports the entire device. FIG1 shows that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame-resistant material, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on the PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. The metal layer can be used to ground the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, and can also be used to ground other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be called a floor, a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of the dielectric board in the PCB 17. In one embodiment, the metal layer used for grounding can be provided on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered the edge of its ground layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used to ground the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other floor / grounding plates / grounding layers, as previously described and will not be further described here.

[0113] The electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board. The main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0114] The electronic device 10 may further include a frame 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15.

[0115] In one implementation, the frame 11 made of a conductive material can directly serve as the conductive frame of the electronic device 10, for example, forming a metallic frame appearance, suitable for a metallic industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 can be made of a conductive material, such as a metal material, thereby forming a metallic frame appearance. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the frame 11 can serve as an antenna radiator for the electronic device 10.

[0116] In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 can also be a non-conductive material, such as plastic, to form the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for non-metallic ID. In one implementation, the inner surface of the frame 11 may include a conductive material, such as a metal material. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the frame 11 can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that the radiator provided on the inner surface of the frame 11 (or the conductive material on the inner surface) is arranged in contact with the non-conductive material of the frame 11 to facilitate antenna radiation, and both the conductive material and the non-conductive material should be regarded as part of the frame 11.

[0117] The middle frame 19 may include a border 11, and the middle frame 19 including the border 11 is an integral part that can support the electronic devices in the whole machine. The cover 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the border to form a shell or housing (housing) of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19, or to part or all of any combination of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19.

[0118] The frame 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. A gap can exist between this portion of the frame serving as the radiator and the rest of the middle frame 19 to ensure a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture in this portion of the frame serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0119] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered as part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed as one piece. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include a protrusion extending inward to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by means of a shrapnel, a screw, welding, etc. The protrusion of the frame 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 serves as a radiator of the antenna to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. There may be a gap 42 between this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0120] The back cover 21 can be made of metal, non-conductive materials such as glass or plastic, or a combination of conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive back cover 21 can replace the middle frame 19 and integrate with the frame 11 to support the electronic components within the device.

[0121] In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 and / or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

[0122] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be set in the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located in the electronic device 10 and arranged along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator is set close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10 to achieve better signal transmission effect. It should be noted that the antenna radiator is set close to the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be set close to the frame 11, or it can be set close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0123] The antenna of electronic device 10 may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna or millimeter-wave antenna (not shown in FIG1 ). The clearance for the antenna disposed within the housing can be provided by a slot / opening in any of the middle frame, and / or the frame, and / or the back cover, and / or the display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of these. The antenna clearance ensures the antenna's radiation characteristics. It should be understood that the antenna clearance can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component within electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the outside world. In one embodiment, antenna 40 may be an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA). In one embodiment, the antenna may also be a transparent structure embedded within the screen of electronic device 10, making the antenna a transparent antenna embedded within the screen of electronic device 10.

[0124] FIG. 1 only schematically illustrates some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes, and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .

[0125] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front surface, the surface where the back cover is located can be considered as the back surface, and the surface where the frame is located can be considered as the side surface.

[0126] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user holds an electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side. It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user holds an electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

[0127] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna. The antenna uses a conductive part of the frame of the electronic device as a main radiator and a parasitic branch, which can enhance the user experience when performing satellite navigation or communication.

[0128] First, Figures 2 and 3 will introduce the two antenna modes involved in this application. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of an antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the differential-mode structure of another antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. The antenna radiators in Figures 2 and 3 are open at both ends, and their common-mode mode and differential-mode modes can be referred to as line common-mode mode and line differential-mode mode, respectively.

[0129] It should be understood that the “common-differential mode” or “CM-DM mode” in this application refers to a line common mode mode and a line differential mode mode generated on the same radiator.

[0130] (a) in Figure 2 shows that the radiator of the antenna 40 is open at both ends and is connected to a feeding circuit (not shown) at the middle position 41. In one embodiment, the feeding form of the antenna 40 adopts symmetrical feed. The feeding circuit can be connected to the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 through a feeding line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding circuit being connected to the radiator and the other end being coupled to the floor for grounding, wherein the connection point between the feeding circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator. The center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).

[0131] The middle position 41 of the antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator. For example, the connection between the feed line 42 and the antenna 40 covers the middle position 41 .

[0132] (b) in FIG2 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 40. As shown in (b) in FIG2, the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, symmetrically; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41. As shown in (b) in FIG2, the current at the feed line 42 is distributed in the same direction. Based on the same direction distribution of the current at the feed line 42, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG2 can be called line CM feeding. Based on the opposite distribution of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 42, the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG2 can be called a line CM mode (also referred to as a CM mode for short, for example, for a linear antenna, the CM mode refers to a line CM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG2 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line CM mode.

[0133] The current is stronger at the center 41 of the antenna 40 (the highest current point is near the center 41 of the antenna 40) and weaker at both ends of the antenna 40, as shown in FIG2(b). The electric field is weaker at the center 41 of the antenna 40 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 40.

[0134] 2. Line differential mode (DM) mode

[0135] As shown in Figure 3(a), the left and right ends of the two radiators of antenna 50 are open, and a feed circuit is connected at a center position 51. In one embodiment, antenna 50 uses an anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feed circuit is connected to one of the radiators via a feed line 52, and the other end of the feed circuit is connected to the other radiator via a feed line 52. Center position 51 can be the geometric center of antenna 50 or the gap formed between the radiators.

[0136] It should be understood that the "center-antisymmetric feeding" mentioned in this application can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feed unit being connected to two connection points near the aforementioned midpoint of the radiator. In one embodiment, the signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feed unit have the same amplitude but opposite phases, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0137] (b) in FIG3 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 50. As shown in (b) in FIG3, the current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, for example, in an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. As shown in (b) in FIG3, the current at the feed line 52 is distributed in opposite directions. Based on the opposite distribution of the current at the feed line 52, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG3 can be called line DM feeding. Based on the current being distributed in the same direction on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 52, the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG3 can be called a line DM mode (it can also be simply referred to as a DM mode. For example, for a linear antenna, the DM mode refers to a line DM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG3 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line DM mode.

[0138] The current is strong at the center 51 of the antenna 50 (the current is strong near the center 51 of the antenna 50) and weak at both ends of the antenna 50, as shown in FIG3(b). The electric field is weak at the center 51 of the antenna 50 and strong at both ends of the antenna 50.

[0139] It should be understood that the antenna radiator can be understood as a metal structural member that generates radiation, and the number of the radiator can be one, as shown in FIG2 , or two, as shown in FIG3 , which can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the line CM mode, two radiators can be used as shown in FIG3 , with the two ends of the two radiators arranged opposite to each other and separated by a gap. A symmetrical feeding method is adopted at the two ends close to each other, for example, the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends of the two radiators close to each other, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG2 can also be obtained. Correspondingly, for the line DM mode, one radiator can be used as shown in FIG2 , with two feeding points set in the middle of the radiator and an antisymmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, if two symmetrical feeding points on the radiator are fed with signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG3 can also be obtained.

[0140] 3. Line CM-DM mode

[0141] FIG2 and FIG3 above respectively show that when both ends of the radiator are open, a line CM mode and a line DM mode are generated by adopting different feeding methods.

[0142] When the antenna uses asymmetric feeding (the feeding point is offset from the center of the radiator, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the radiator's grounding point (where it couples with the floor) is asymmetric (the grounding point is offset from the center of the radiator), the antenna can simultaneously produce a first resonance and a second resonance, corresponding to the linear CM mode and the linear DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the linear CM mode, with the current and electric field distributions shown in Figure 2(b). The second resonance corresponds to the linear DM mode, with the current and electric field distributions shown in Figure 3(b).

[0143] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0144] As shown in FIG. 4 , the conductive frame 11 of the electronic device 10 may include a first side 131 and a second side 132 intersecting at an angle, and the length of the first side 131 is greater than the length of the second side 132 .

[0145] The second side 132 may have a first position 101 and a second position 102, and the frame 11 may have gaps at the first position 101 and the second position 102. The radiator 105 of the antenna 100 may include a conductive portion of the frame between the first position 101 and the second position 102.

[0146] In one embodiment, the first frame 105 is symmetrical along the virtual axis of the second side 132, and the lengths of the second side 132 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same. Due to certain errors in engineering applications, the first frame 105 can be considered symmetrical along the virtual axis of the second side 132 when the ratio of the distances between the first position 101 and the second position 102 and the virtual axis is greater than or equal to 90% and less than or equal to 110%.

[0147] It should be understood that, for an antenna, as the structure of the antenna becomes more symmetrical (for example, the radiator 105 is located at the center of the second side 132 ), the radiation characteristics of the antenna are improved (for example, bandwidth, radiation efficiency, etc.).

[0148] Figures 5 and 6 are simulation results of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 4. Figure 5 shows the S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 4. Figure 6 shows the system efficiency and radiation efficiency simulation results of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 4.

[0149] As shown in Figure 5, when the antenna shown in Figure 4 is fed using the feeding methods shown in Figures 2 and 3, a linear CM mode and a linear DM mode can be generated, respectively. In both the linear CM and linear DM modes, the antenna can resonate around 2 GHz.

[0150] It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in this embodiment, only the line CM mode and the line DM mode are excited separately as an example. Referring to the above embodiment, the line CM mode and the line DM mode can also be excited simultaneously by asymmetric feeding (the feeding point deviates from the middle position of the radiator, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the grounding point of the radiator (the coupling point with the floor) is asymmetric (the grounding point deviates from the middle position of the radiator).

[0151] As shown in Figure 6, when the first frame (radiator) is symmetrical along the virtual axis of the second side (located at the center of the second side), at the resonance point (2GHz), the radiation efficiency of the CM mode is -4.42dB, the system efficiency is -4.47dB, and the radiation efficiency in the DM mode is -1.27dB, and the system efficiency is -1.39dB.

[0152] It should be understood that when the first frame is located at the center of the second side, the transverse mode can be excited (accounting for more than the longitudinal mode), but the currents corresponding to the transverse mode will cancel each other out. Therefore, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the CM mode are low.

[0153] As for the DM mode, in the DM mode, the radiation of the antenna is mainly generated by the radiator (first frame). When it is set at the center of the second side, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency are better than those in the CM mode.

[0154] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 7 , the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .

[0156] The frame 11 may include a first side 131 and a second side 132 intersecting at an angle, and the length of the first side 131 is greater than the length of the second side 132 .

[0157] The frame 11 may include a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203, which are sequentially arranged. The third position 203 is located on the first side 131. The first position 201 and the second position 202 are located on the second side 132. The frame 11 has a first gap, a second gap, and a third gap, respectively, at the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203.

[0158] In one embodiment, the width of the gaps provided at the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 1.5 mm. The gaps provided in the embodiments of the present application may all be within the above range. It should be understood that the width of the gap can be understood as the distance between the ends of the frame on either side of the gap.

[0159] The antenna 200 includes a first radiator 211 , a second radiator 212 , a first feeding circuit 221 , a second feeding circuit 222 , a first tuning circuit 251 , and a second tuning circuit 252 .

[0160] The first radiator 211 is a conductive portion of the frame of the first position 201 and the second position 202. The first end (the end close to the second position 202) and the second end (the end close to the first position 201) of the first radiator 211 are open ends.

[0161] The second radiator 212 is a conductive portion of the frame at the second position 202 and the third position 203. The first end (the end close to the third position 203) and the second end (the end close to the second position 202) of the second radiator 212 are open ends.

[0162] The first radiator 211 includes a first feeding point 231, and the second radiator 212 includes a second feeding point 232. The first feeding circuit 221 is coupled to the first feeding point 231. The second feeding circuit 222 is coupled to the second feeding point 232. In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 and the second feeding point 232 are located on the second side 132.

[0163] It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity, the present embodiment of the application only uses the electrical connection between the first feeding circuit 221 and the first feeding point 231 as an example for illustration. In actual applications, an indirect coupling connection may also be used, and the present embodiment of the application does not limit this. Moreover, in the present embodiment of the application, the term "coupling connection" can be understood accordingly.

[0164] The first radiator 211 includes a first connection point 2111, and the second radiator 212 includes a second connection point 2121. The first tuning circuit 251 is coupled to the first connection point 2111, and the second tuning circuit 252 is coupled to the second connection point 2121. In one embodiment, the second connection point 2121 is located on the first side 131.

[0165] It should be understood that the first tuning circuit 251 and the second tuning circuit 252 can be used to adjust the resonance point frequencies of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 respectively, so that the antenna 200 operates in different operating frequency bands.

[0166] It should be understood that according to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first feeding circuit 221 and the second feeding circuit 222 can respectively excite the linear DM mode of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212. As can be seen from the above embodiment, when at least part of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 are arranged on the second side 132, the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the resonance generated by the linear DM mode of the antenna 200 are high. Since the gain of the antenna is related to the directivity and efficiency (radiation efficiency and system efficiency) of the antenna. When the efficiency (radiation efficiency and system efficiency) of the antenna is improved, the directivity remains unchanged and the gain of the antenna can also be improved. Therefore, although the polarization characteristic of the radiation generated by the antenna 200 when the electronic device 10 communicates in the first frequency band or the second frequency band is linear polarization, there will be a 3dB loss when receiving circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, but because the antenna 200 has good efficiency (radiation efficiency and system efficiency), it also has good directivity.

[0167] In one embodiment, a length D1 of a first portion of the second radiator 212 on the first side 131 and a length D2 of a second portion of the second radiator 212 on the second side 132 satisfy the following: D2×50%≤D1≤D2×150%.

[0168] It should be understood that in antenna 200 shown in FIG7 , the connecting region between the first and second portions of first radiator 211 is shaped like a broken line. Therefore, in this case, the length of the first portion can be understood as the length of the conductor between third position 203 and the connecting region, and the length of the second portion can be understood as the length between second position 202 and the connecting region. In one embodiment, the connecting region between the first and second portions of second radiator 212 is arc-shaped. Therefore, in this case, the length of the first portion can be understood as the length extending in the direction of first side 131, and the length of the second portion can be understood as the length extending in the direction of second side 132.

[0169] It should be understood that when the second radiator 212 is bent and the length of the first portion on the first side 131 and the length of the second portion on the second side 132 are within the above range, the resonance generated by the line DM mode has better radiation efficiency and system efficiency.

[0170] In one embodiment, first tuning circuit 251 and second tuning circuit 252 include circuits that include switches. The switches can be used to switch between electronic components with different resistance, capacitance, or inductance values ​​coupled to the connection point in different circuit states. Alternatively, the switches can be in an open state, disconnecting the electronic components from the connection point. Alternatively, the switches can directly couple floorboard 300 to the connection point, without any electronic components interposed between them.

[0171] In one embodiment, the first tuning circuit 251 and the second tuning circuit 252 do not include switches and may be circuits formed by cascading multiple electronic components. The first tuning circuit 251 and the second tuning circuit 252 may have different equivalent capacitance values ​​or equivalent inductance values ​​at different frequencies.

[0172] It should be understood that the tuning circuits described in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly with reference to the above embodiments, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific structure of the tuning circuits.

[0173] In one embodiment, the first tuning circuit 251 and the second tuning circuit 252 are in a first circuit state, the first feeding circuit 221 and the first radiator 211 are configured to generate a first resonance, and the second feeding circuit 222 and the second radiator 212 are configured to generate a second resonance. The resonant frequency range of the first resonance includes the first frequency range, and the resonant frequency range of the second resonance includes the second frequency range.

[0174] In one embodiment, the first frequency band may correspond to a transmit frequency band in satellite communications, and the second frequency band may respectively correspond to a receive frequency band in satellite communications. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the first frequency band may correspond to a receive frequency band in satellite communications, and the second frequency band may respectively correspond to a transmit frequency band in satellite communications.

[0175] For example, in the Tiantong satellite system, the first frequency band may include 1980 MHz-2010 MHz, and the second frequency band may include 2170 MHz-2200 MHz. In the Beidou satellite system, the first frequency band may include 1610 MHz-1626.5 MHz, and the second frequency band may include 2483.5 MHz-2500 MHz. Alternatively, the present invention may also be applied to other satellite communication systems, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0176] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator 211 are in the same direction. At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator 212 are in the same direction.

[0177] In one embodiment, the length L2 of the frame between the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the length of the second radiator 212 ) and the length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 (the length of the first radiator 211 ) satisfy: L1×80%≤L2≤L1.

[0178] In one embodiment, the length H1 of the border between the first connection point 2111 and the second position 202 (or the first position 201) and the length L1 of the border between the first position 201 and the second position 202 (the length of the first radiator 211) satisfy the following conditions: H1 ≤ L1 × 25%. In one embodiment, H1 ≤ L1 × 15%. In one embodiment, H1 is less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0179] In one embodiment, the length H2 of the border between the second connection point 2121 and the third position 203 and the length L2 of the border between the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the length of the second radiator 212) satisfy the following: H2 ≤ L2 × 25%. In one embodiment, H2 ≤ L2 × 15%. In one embodiment, H2 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0180] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the length of the frame (or radiator) between A and B can be understood as the length of the conductor portion between A and B. For example, when coupled to A or B via a metal component such as a metal spring, it can be understood as the distance between the center of the end of the metal component connected to A or B.

[0181] It should be understood that the first connection point 2111 and the second connection point 2121 can be set in an area close to the gap, and the first end and the second end of the second radiator 212 and the first radiator 211 are open ends. In the area near the open end, there is generally a strong electric field, and the area with a strong electric field has better tuning performance.

[0182] In one embodiment, first position 201 and second position 202 are symmetrical along a virtual axis of second side 132, and the lengths of the second sides on either side of the virtual axis are the same. Due to certain errors in engineering applications, second position 202 and third position 203 can be considered symmetrical along the virtual axis of second side 132 when the ratio of the virtual axis to the distance between first position 201 and second position 202 is greater than or equal to 90% and less than or equal to 110%.

[0183] It should be understood that as the symmetry of the first radiator 211 increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 are improved (eg, bandwidth, radiation efficiency, etc.).

[0184] In one embodiment, the frame 11 further includes a first grounding point 241 and a second grounding point 242, as shown in FIG8 . The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the first grounding point 241 and the second grounding point 242. The first grounding point 241 is located between the first connection point 2111 and the first feed point 231. The second grounding point 242 is located between the second connection point 2121 and the second feed point 232.

[0185] It should be understood that when the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 include a ground point, the operating mode of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 may include a line CM mode, and the antenna 200 may improve the radiation characteristics of the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the line CM mode.

[0186] In one embodiment, the first grounding point 241 may be located in the center of the first radiator 211. The center of the first radiator 211 may be understood as an area within 5 mm from the center of the first radiator 211, and the center areas described in the embodiments of the present application may be understood accordingly.

[0187] In one embodiment, the second grounding point 242 may be located in the center of the second radiator 212 .

[0188] It should be understood that when the first radiator 211 generates the first resonance or the second radiator 212 generates the fourth resonance, this corresponds to a line DM mode. In the line DM mode, the central region includes a high current point, and setting the first ground point 241 near the high current point does not affect the first resonance, nor does the second ground point 242 affect the second resonance.

[0189] In one embodiment, the distance between the first feeding point 231 and the first position 201 is different from the distance between the first feeding point 231 and the second position 202 , so that the first radiator 211 generates both the line CM mode and the line DM mode.

[0190] It should be understood that the different distances between the first feeding point 231 and the first position 201 and the second position 202 can be understood as the absolute value of the difference between the first distance between the first feeding circuit 221 and the first position 201 and the second distance between the first feeding point 231 and the second position 202 being greater than or equal to 5 mm. At the same time, for the sake of simplicity, different distances in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.

[0191] In one embodiment, the distance between the second feeding point 232 and the third position 203 is different from the distance between the second feeding point 232 and the second position 202 , so that the second radiator 212 generates both the linear CM mode and the linear DM mode.

[0192] In one embodiment, antenna 200 may further include a third tuning circuit 253 and a fourth tuning circuit 254. First radiator 211 may further include a third connection point 2112. Second radiator 212 may further include a fourth connection point 2122. First ground point 241 is located between first connection point 2111 and third connection point 2112. Second ground point 242 is located between second connection point 2121 and fourth connection point 2122. Third tuning circuit 253 is coupled to third connection point 2112. Fourth tuning circuit 254 is coupled to fourth connection point 2122.

[0193] In one embodiment, the length H3 of the border between the third connection point 2112 and the first position 201 and the length L1 of the border between the first position 201 and the second position 202 (the length of the first radiator 211) satisfy the following: H3 ≤ L1 × 25%. In one embodiment, H3 ≤ L1 × 15%. In one embodiment, H3 is less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0194] In one embodiment, the length H4 of the border between the fourth connection point 2122 and the second position 202 and the length L2 of the border between the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the length of the second radiator 212) satisfy the following: H4 ≤ L2 × 25%. In one embodiment, H4 ≤ L2 × 15%. In one embodiment, H4 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0195] In one embodiment, the first tuning circuit 251 and the third tuning circuit 253 are in the first circuit state, the first feeding circuit 221 and the first radiator 211 are used to generate the first resonance and the third resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0196] In one embodiment, the second tuning circuit 252 and the fourth tuning circuit 254 are in the first circuit state, the feeding circuit 222 and the second radiator 212 are used to generate the second resonance and the fourth resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0197] It should be understood that according to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, side feeding (for example, different distances between the first feeding point 231 and the first position 201 and the second position 202) can simultaneously excite the line CM mode and the line DM mode of the radiator. In the first circuit state, the first resonance is primarily generated by the line DM mode of the first radiator 211, the third resonance is primarily generated by the line CM mode of the first radiator 211, the second resonance is primarily generated by the line DM mode of the second radiator 212, and the fourth resonance is primarily generated by the line CM mode of the second radiator 212.

[0198] In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the second resonance and the resonance point of the fourth resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.

[0199] It should be understood that the first radiator 211 resonates in a linear CM mode and a linear DM mode. When the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance (second resonance) and the resonance point of the third resonance (fourth resonance) is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz, the proportion of the linear DM mode in the first resonance (second resonance) can be increased, so that the antenna 200 radiates primarily in the linear DM mode in the resonant frequency band of the first resonance (second resonance), thereby improving the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first frequency band (second frequency band). When the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance (second resonance) and the resonance point of the third resonance (fourth resonance) is greater than 300 MHz, the proportion of other operating modes (e.g., the linear CM mode) in the first resonance (second resonance) increases, resulting in a decrease in the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first frequency band (second frequency band).

[0200] In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the fourth resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is greater than or equal to 200 MHz and less than or equal to 500 MHz (the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is higher than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance). Alternatively, in one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the third resonance and the resonance point of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 200 MHz and less than or equal to 500 MHz (the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance).

[0201] It should be understood that because the ends of the radiators on both sides of the second position 202 are open, when the first feeding circuit 221 (or the second feeding circuit 222) feeds an electrical signal, the coupling between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 is relatively strong. Therefore, the second radiator 212 can be stimulated to generate the fourth resonance (or the third resonance generated by the first radiator 211) through indirect coupling. When the frequency difference between the resonance point of the fourth resonance (third resonance) and the resonance point of the first resonance generated by the first radiator 211 (or the second resonance generated by the second radiator 212) is greater than or equal to 200 MHz and less than or equal to 500 MHz, the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first frequency band (the second frequency band) are significantly improved.

[0202] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 may coincide with the third connection point 2112. In one embodiment, the second feeding point 232 may coincide with the fourth connection point 2122.

[0203] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the feeding circuit can be coupled to the feeding point via a feeding element (e.g., a metal spring). When the feeding point and the connection point coincide, both the tuning circuit and the feeding circuit can be coupled to the radiator (feeding point / connection point) via the feeding element, thereby reducing the number of connection locations on the radiator and facilitating engineering implementation.

[0204] Figures 9 and 10 are simulation results of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8. Figure 9 is an S-parameter simulation result of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8. Figure 10 is a simulation result of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8.

[0205] For simplicity of discussion, in the antenna 200 shown in FIG8 , the first frequency band is the receiving frequency band (2483.5 MHz-2500 MHz) in the Beidou satellite system, and the second frequency band is the transmitting frequency band (1610 MHz-1626.5 MHz) in the Beidou satellite system.

[0206] As shown in FIG9 , compared to the quarter-wavelength mode, the second radiator can resonate at around 1.45 GHz (corresponding to the fourth resonance) and around 1.6 GHz (corresponding to the second resonance) through the line CM mode and the line DM mode, respectively.

[0207] It should be understood that the aforementioned quarter-wavelength mode can be understood as the second connection point being electrically connected to the ground plane directly or via a 0-ohm resistor, with radiation generated solely by the conductor portion between the second ground point and the second position (the first end of the conductor portion being open and the second end being grounded). In the quarter-wavelength mode, the current and electric field on the radiator have the same direction, with the highest current point located near the ground end and the highest electric field point located near the open end.

[0208] As shown in FIG10 , compared with the quarter-wavelength mode, in the second frequency band, when the second radiator resonates through the line CM mode and the line DM mode, the system efficiency is improved by about 1.4 dB.

[0209] Figures 11 and 12 are current distribution diagrams of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 . Figure 11 is a current distribution diagram corresponding to antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 operating at a first resonance (e.g., 2.5 GHz). Figure 12 is a current distribution diagram corresponding to antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 operating at a second resonance (e.g., 1.62 GHz).

[0210] As shown in Figure 11, when the antenna generates the first resonance, radiation is mainly generated by the frame (first radiator) between the first position 201 and the second position 202. At the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator is in the same direction, which can correspond to the above-mentioned line DM mode.

[0211] As shown in Figure 12, when the antenna generates the second resonance, radiation is primarily generated by the frame (second radiator) between the second position 202 and the third position 203. At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator are in the same direction, which can correspond to the aforementioned line DM mode.

[0212] Figures 13 and 14 illustrate the free space (FS) patterns of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 . Figure 13 illustrates the pattern corresponding to antenna 200 operating at a first resonance (e.g., 2.5 GHz) in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 . Figure 14 illustrates the pattern corresponding to antenna 200 operating at a second resonance (e.g., 1.62 GHz) in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 .

[0213] It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity, the top direction of the electronic device is taken as the y direction in the embodiment of the present application. In the directional diagram shown in the embodiment of the present application, only the directional diagram in the xoz plane is shown, where the horizontal axis is the angle with the x-axis. (°), the ordinate is the angle θ (°) with the z-axis.

[0214] As shown in FIG13 , when the antenna is fed with an electrical signal from the first feeding point, the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the first resonance is located at In the area of ​​120°≤θ≤150° and within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the directivity coefficient of right-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the receiving frequency band (first frequency band) is right-hand circular polarization) is 0dBi.

[0215] As shown in FIG14 , when the antenna is fed with an electrical signal from the second feeding point, the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the second resonance is located at In the area of ​​30°≤θ≤150° and within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the directivity coefficient of left-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the transmit frequency band (second frequency band) is left-hand circular polarization) is -0.9dBi.

[0216] As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna's first and second resonance patterns is roughly the same (located at θ=120°), which meets the requirement of angular alignment between the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band in satellite communications, and can improve the accuracy of the antenna in transmitting electrical signals.

[0217] Figures 15 and 16 illustrate the directional patterns of antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 when held in the user's left hand (HL). Figure 15 illustrates the directional pattern of antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 operating at a first resonance (e.g., 2.5 GHz). Figure 16 illustrates the directional pattern of antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 8 operating at a second resonance (e.g., 1.62 GHz).

[0218] As shown in Figures 15 and 16, when the user holds the electronic device with his left hand, since the first radiator and the second radiator are located at the top of the electronic device, the user's holding of the electronic device has little impact on the antenna, and the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the second resonance is located in approximately the same area. When the user holds the electronic device with his left hand, the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the first resonance and the second resonance is approximately the same (located at θ=90°), which meets the requirement of angular alignment between the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band in satellite communications, and can improve the accuracy of the antenna in transmitting electrical signals.

[0219] At the first resonance (for example, 2.5 GHz), within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the directivity coefficient of right-hand circular polarization (in the Beidou satellite system, the polarization mode of the receiving frequency band (first frequency band) is right-hand circular polarization) is 0.3 dBi.

[0220] At the second resonance (for example, 1.62 GHz), within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the directivity coefficient of left-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the transmit frequency band (the second frequency band) is left-hand circular polarization) is -0.7 dBi.

[0221] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0222] 17 , the first connection point 2111 is located between the first connection point 241 and the first position 201 , and the third connection point 2112 is located between the first grounding point 241 and the second position 202 . The first feeding point 231 is located between the first grounding point 241 and the second position 202 .

[0223] It should be understood that in the embodiment shown in FIG8 , the first connection point 2111 is disposed between the first ground point 241 and the second position 202 (close to the second position 202) for illustration. In actual applications, the first connection point 2111 may also be disposed between the first connection point 241 and the first position 201, as shown in FIG15 . Therefore, the antenna 200 shown in FIG17 differs from the antenna 200 shown in FIG8 only in the locations of the first connection point 2111, the third connection point 2112, and the first feeding point 231.

[0224] Figures 18 and 19 illustrate the directional patterns of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 17 at the FS. Figure 18 illustrates the directional pattern of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 17 operating at a first resonance (e.g., 1.62 GHz). Figure 19 illustrates the directional pattern of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 17 operating at a second resonance (e.g., 2.5 GHz).

[0225] It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity of discussion, in the antenna 200 shown in Figure 17, the first frequency band is the transmitting frequency band (1610MHz-1626.5MHz) in the Beidou satellite system, and the second frequency band is the receiving frequency band (2483.5MHz-2500MHz) in the Beidou satellite system.

[0226] As shown in FIG18 , when the antenna is fed with an electrical signal from the first feeding point, the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the first resonance is located at In the area of ​​120°≤θ≤150° and within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the actual gain of left-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the transmit frequency band (the first frequency band) is left-hand circular polarization) is -6.7dBi.

[0227] As shown in FIG19 , when the antenna is fed with an electrical signal from the second feeding point, the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the second resonance is located at In the area of ​​30°≤θ≤150° and within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the actual gain of right-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the receiving frequency band (second frequency band) is right-hand circular polarization) is -5.4dBi.

[0228] As shown in Figures 18 and 19, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna's first and second resonance patterns is roughly the same (located at θ=150°), which meets the requirement of angular alignment between the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band in satellite communications, and can improve the accuracy of the antenna in transmitting electrical signals.

[0229] Figures 20 and 21 illustrate the directional patterns of antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 17 when held in a user's left hand. Figure 20 illustrates the directional pattern of antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 17 operating at a first resonance (e.g., 1.62 GHz). Figure 21 illustrates the directional pattern of antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 17 operating at a second resonance (e.g., 2.5 GHz).

[0230] As shown in Figures 20 and 21, when the user holds the electronic device with his left hand, since the first radiator and the second radiator are located at the top of the electronic device, the user's holding of the electronic device has little impact on the antenna, and the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the second resonance is located in approximately the same area. When the user holds the electronic device with his left hand, the maximum radiation direction of the directional pattern generated by the antenna at the first resonance and the second resonance is approximately the same (located at θ=100°), which meets the requirement of angular alignment between the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band in satellite communications, and can improve the accuracy of the antenna in transmitting electrical signals.

[0231] At the first resonance (for example, 1.62 GHz), within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the actual gain of left-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the transmit frequency band (first frequency band) is left-hand circular polarization) is -6.6Bi.

[0232] At the second resonance (for example, 2.5 GHz), within the range of ±15° of the maximum radiation direction, the actual gain of right-hand circular polarization (in the BeiDou satellite system, the polarization mode of the receiving frequency band (the second frequency band) is right-hand circular polarization) is -5.5 dBi.

[0233] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0234] As shown in Figure 22, the frame 11 may include a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203. The frame 11 has a first gap, a second gap, and a third gap respectively formed in the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203.

[0235] The first radiator 211 is a conductive portion of the frame at the first position 201 and the second position 202. The second radiator 212 is a conductive portion of the frame at the second position 202 and the third position 203.

[0236] The first radiator 211 includes a first feeding point 231, and the first feeding circuit 221 is coupled to the first feeding point 231. The first radiator 211 includes a first connection point 2111, and the second radiator 212 includes a second connection point 2121. The first tuning circuit 251 is coupled to the second connection point 2121, and the second tuning circuit 252 is coupled to the first connection point 2111.

[0237] It should be understood that, compared to the antenna 200 shown in FIG7 , the antenna 200 shown in FIG22 may include only the first feeding point 231. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG7 , the first resonance and the second resonance are generated by a split feeding method (the first resonance is generated by feeding an electrical signal of the first frequency band into the first feeding point provided by the first radiator 211, and the second resonance is generated by feeding an electrical signal of the second frequency band into the second feeding point provided by the second radiator 212).

[0238] In the antenna 200 shown in Figure 22, electrical signals of the first frequency band and the second frequency band are fed into through the first feeding point 231, the first radiator 211 serves as the main radiator, and the second radiator 212 serves as a parasitic branch. The first radiator 211 generates a first resonance, and the second radiator 212 generates a second resonance (parasitic resonance), so that the operating frequency band of the antenna 200 includes the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

[0239] In one embodiment, the length of the first radiator 211 between the first feeding point 231 and the second position 202 is less than the length of the first radiator 211 between the first connection point 2111 and the second position 202. In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located at the first end of the first radiator 211 (the end close to the second position 202) to better stimulate the second radiator 212 to generate power.

[0240] In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 212 between the second connection point 2121 and the third position 203 is less than the length of the second radiator 212 between the second connection point 2121 and the second position 202. In one embodiment, the second connection point 2121 is located at the second end of the second radiator 212 (the end closer to the third position 203) to better adjust the resonant frequency of the second resonance generated by the second radiator 212.

[0241] In one embodiment, the first feeding circuit 221 includes a first RF channel 2211 and a second RF channel 2212. The first RF channel 2211 (for feeding an electrical signal in a first frequency band) is used to generate a first resonance, and the second RF channel 2212 (for feeding an electrical signal in a second frequency band) is used to generate a second resonance. The first RF channel 2211 and the second RF channel 2212 can be understood as two different circuits for transmitting electrical signals, for example, two different RF channels in a radio frequency chip (RFIC).

[0242] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application feeds electrical signals into the antenna 200 by means of combined feeding, which can reduce the feeding points on the radiator and reduce the complexity of the system design.

[0243] In one embodiment, when the transmit and receive frequency bands in satellite communications operate in time division duplexing (TDD), the first feed circuit 221 may further include a switch. A first end of the switch is coupled to the first feed point 231, a second end is coupled to the first RF channel 2211, and a third end is coupled to the second RF channel 2212. The switch may be used to switch the RF channel coupled to the first feed point 231 (ie, to switch the frequency of the fed electrical signal).

[0244] It should be understood that when the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band operate in TDD, the antenna can generate the first resonance and the second resonance in different time slots through the coupling connection state between the first end and the second end and the third end of the switch.

[0245] At the same time, the switch is connected in series between the first RF channel 2211 and the second RF channel 2212 and the first feeding point 211. The switch can be located at any position of the first feeding circuit 221, for example, close to the first feeding point 211 or away from the first feeding point 211. The embodiment of the present application is only an illustrative example and does not limit the specific position of the switch.

[0246] In one embodiment, when the transmit and receive frequency bands in satellite communications operate in frequency division duplexing (FDD), the first feed circuit 221 may further include a combiner. The combiner has a first end coupled to the first feed point 211, a second end coupled to the first RF channel 2211, and a third end coupled to the second RF channel 2212.

[0247] It should be understood that when the transmit frequency band and the receive frequency band operate in FDD, the first RF channel 2211 and the second RF channel 2212 can be fed into the electrical signal antenna 200 through the combiner at the same time to generate the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0248] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located at the first radiator 211 , and the resonance frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonance frequency of the second resonance (parasitic resonance).

[0249] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located on the second radiator 212. In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located on the second side 132, as shown in FIG23. When the first feeding point 231 is located on the second radiator 212, the second radiator acts as the main radiator, the first radiator 211 acts as a parasitic stub, and the first resonance generated by the first radiator 211 is a parasitic resonance.

[0250] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located at the second radiator 212. The resonance point frequency of the first resonance (parasitic resonance) is higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0251] FIG24 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0252] As shown in FIG24 , the frame 11 may include a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203, which are sequentially arranged. The frame 11 defines a first gap, a second gap, and a third gap, respectively, at the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203. The frame 11 also includes a first grounding point 241 between the first position 201 and the second position 201. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the first grounding point 241.

[0253] The first radiator 211 is a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first ground point 241 and the second position 202. The second radiator 212 is a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the third position 203 and the second position 202. The first radiator 211 includes a first feeding point 231, and the first feeding circuit 221 is coupled to the first feeding point 231.

[0254] The second radiator 212 includes a second connection point 2121 . The second tuning circuit 252 is coupled to the first connection point 2111 .

[0255] In one embodiment, the first connection point 2111 is directly coupled to the floor panel 300 , and no electronic components are provided between the floor panel 300 and the first connection point 2111 .

[0256] It should be understood that the first radiator 211 of the antenna 200 shown in FIG24 is different from that of the antenna 200 shown in FIG22 . In the antenna 200 shown in FIG22 , the first radiator 211 is the conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202 . The first and second ends of the first radiator 211 are open ends, and the first and second ends of the second radiator 212 are open ends. Both the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 can operate in a half-wavelength mode of a linear DM mode. Their current and electric field distributions can be seen in FIG3 .

[0257] In antenna 200 shown in FIG24 , first radiator 211 is the conductive portion of frame 11 between first ground point 241 and second position 202. First radiator 211 has a grounded first end and an open second end, enabling operation in quarter-wavelength mode. Second radiator 212 has open first and second ends, enabling operation in half-wavelength mode, a linear DM mode.

[0258] In the antenna 200 shown in Figure 24, electrical signals of the first frequency band and the second frequency band are fed through the first feeding point 231, the first radiator 211 serves as the main radiator, and the second radiator 212 serves as a parasitic branch. The first radiator 211 generates a first resonance, and the second radiator 212 generates a second resonance (parasitic resonance), so that the operating frequency band of the antenna 200 includes the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

[0259] In one embodiment, the length of the first radiator 211 between the first feeding point 231 and the second position 202 is greater than the length of the first radiator 211 between the first feeding point and the first ground point 241 .

[0260] It should be understood that the first radiator 211 may form a left-hand antenna structure. The left-hand antenna may be, for example, an antenna conforming to a composite right and left hand (CRLH) transmission line structure.

[0261] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located at the first radiator 211 , and the resonance frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonance frequency of the second resonance (parasitic resonance).

[0262] In one embodiment, the first feed point 231 may also be located at the second radiator 212, and the first feed circuit 221 is coupled to the first feed point 231, as shown in FIG25 . The first radiator 211 is the conductive portion of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202. The second radiator 212 is the conductive portion of the frame 11 between the second ground point 242 and the second position 202.

[0263] In one embodiment, the second connection point 2121 is directly coupled to the floor 300 , and no electronic components are provided between the floor 300 and the second connection point 2121 . In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located at the second side 132 .

[0264] It should be understood that when the first feeding point 231 is located at the second radiator 212, the second radiator 212 acts as the main radiator and can operate in a quarter-wavelength mode. The first radiator 211 acts as a parasitic branch, and the first resonance generated by the first radiator 211 is a parasitic resonance, which can operate in a half-wavelength mode of the linear DM mode.

[0265] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 is located at the second radiator 212. The resonance point frequency of the first resonance (parasitic resonance) is higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0266] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0267] As shown in FIG26 , the frame 11 may include a first side 131, a second side 132, and a third side 133. The first side 131 and the third side 133 intersect at an angle with the second side 132. The length of the first side 131 is greater than the length of the second side 132. The length of the third side 133 is greater than the length of the second side 132.

[0268] The frame 11 can be positioned at a first position 201, a second position 202, a third position 203, and a fourth position 204. The third position 203 is located at the first side 131, and the fourth position 204 is located at the third side 133. The first position 201 and the second position 202 are located at the second side 132, and the first position 201 is located between the second position 202 and the fourth position 203. The frame 11 has a first slit, a second slit, a third slit, and a fourth slit, respectively, at the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203, and the fourth position 204.

[0269] The first radiator 211 is a conductive portion of the frame at the first position 201 and the fourth position 204. The first end (the end close to the second position 202) and the second end (the end close to the fourth position 204) of the first radiator 211 are open ends.

[0270] The second radiator 212 is a conductive portion of the frame at the second position 202 and the third position 203. The first end (the end close to the third position 203) and the second end (the end close to the second position 202) of the second radiator 212 are open ends.

[0271] The first radiator 211 includes a first feeding point 231, and the second radiator 212 includes a second feeding point 232. The first feeding circuit 221 is coupled to the first feeding point 231. The second feeding circuit 222 is coupled to the second feeding point 232. In one embodiment, the first feeding point 231 and the second feeding point 232 are located on the second side 132.

[0272] First radiator 211 includes a fifth connection point 2113, and second radiator 212 includes a second connection point 2121. Fifth tuning circuit 255 is coupled to fifth connection point 2113, and second tuning circuit 252 is coupled to second connection point 2121. In one embodiment, second connection point 2121 is located on first side 131. In one embodiment, fifth connection point 2113 is located on third side 133.

[0273] It should be understood that the fifth tuning circuit 255 and the second tuning circuit 252 can be used to adjust the resonance point frequencies of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 respectively, so that the antenna 200 operates in different operating frequency bands.

[0274] It should be understood that, compared with the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 7 , the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 26 lies in the different positions of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 .

[0275] In the antenna 200 shown in FIG7 , the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 are disposed adjacent to each other, with the first end of the first radiator 211 (the end near the second position 202) and the second end of the second radiator 212 (the end near the second position 202) facing each other and not contacting each other. In contrast, in the antenna 200 shown in FIG26 , the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 are spaced apart.

[0276] In one embodiment, a length D1 of a first portion of the second radiator 212 on the first side 131 and a length D2 of a second portion of the second radiator 212 on the second side 132 satisfy the following: D2×50%≤D1≤D2×150%.

[0277] In one embodiment, the length D3 of the third portion of the first radiator 211 on the third side 133 and the length D4 of the fourth portion of the first radiator 211 on the second side 132 satisfy: D4×50%≤D3≤D4×150%.

[0278] In one embodiment, the fifth tuning circuit 255 and the second tuning circuit 252 are in a first circuit state, the first feeding circuit 221 and the first radiator 211 are configured to generate a first resonance, and the second feeding circuit 222 and the second radiator 212 are configured to generate a second resonance. The resonant frequency range of the first resonance includes the first frequency range, and the resonant frequency range of the second resonance includes the second frequency range.

[0279] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator 211 are in the same direction. At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator 212 are in the same direction.

[0280] In one embodiment, the length L2 of the frame between the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the length of the second radiator 212 ) and the length L3 of the frame between the first position 201 and the fourth position 204 (the length of the first radiator 211 ) satisfy: L3×70%≤L2≤L3.

[0281] In one embodiment, the length H5 of the border between the fifth connection point 2115 and the fourth position 204 and the length L3 of the border between the first position 201 and the fourth position 204 (the length of the first radiator 211) satisfy the following conditions: H5 ≤ L3 × 25%. In one embodiment, H5 ≤ L3 × 15%. In one embodiment, H5 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0282] In one embodiment, the length H2 of the border between the second connection point 2121 and the third position 203 and the length L2 of the border between the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the length of the second radiator 212) satisfy the following: H2 ≤ L2 × 25%. In one embodiment, H2 ≤ L2 × 15%. In one embodiment, H2 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0283] In one embodiment, the frame 11 further includes a third grounding point 243 and a second grounding point 242. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the third grounding point 243 and the second grounding point 242. The third grounding point 243 is located between the first connection point 2111 and the first feed point 231. The second grounding point 242 is located between the second connection point 2121 and the second feed point 232.

[0284] It should be understood that when the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 include a ground point, the operating mode of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 may include a line CM mode, and the antenna 200 may improve the radiation characteristics of the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the line CM mode.

[0285] In one embodiment, the third grounding point 243 may be located at a central region of the first radiator 211. In one embodiment, the second grounding point 242 may be located at a central region of the second radiator 212.

[0286] It should be understood that when the first radiator 211 generates the first resonance or the second radiator 212 generates the fourth resonance, this corresponds to a line DM mode. In the line DM mode, the central region includes a high current point, and setting the first ground point 241 near the high current point does not affect the first resonance, nor does the second ground point 242 affect the second resonance.

[0287] In one embodiment, the distance between the first feeding point 231 and the first position 201 is different from the distance between the first feeding point 231 and the fourth position 204 , so that the first radiator 211 generates both the line CM mode and the line DM mode.

[0288] In one embodiment, the distance between the second feeding point 232 and the third position 203 is different from the distance between the second feeding point 232 and the second position 202 , so that the second radiator 212 generates both the linear CM mode and the linear DM mode.

[0289] In one embodiment, antenna 200 may further include a sixth tuning circuit 256 and a fourth tuning circuit 254. First radiator 211 may further include a sixth connection point 2114. Second radiator 212 may further include a fourth connection point 2122. Third ground point 243 is located between first connection point 2111 and sixth connection point 2114. Second ground point 242 is located between second connection point 2121 and fourth connection point 2122. Sixth tuning circuit 256 is coupled to sixth connection point 2114. Fourth tuning circuit 254 is coupled to fourth connection point 2122.

[0290] In one embodiment, the length H6 of the border between the sixth connection point 2114 and the first position 204 and the length L3 of the border between the first position 201 and the fourth position 204 (the length of the first radiator 211) satisfy the following conditions: H6 ≤ L3 × 25%. In one embodiment, H6 ≤ L3 × 15%. In one embodiment, H6 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0291] In one embodiment, the length H4 of the border between the fourth connection point 2122 and the second position 202 and the length L2 of the border between the second position 202 and the third position 203 (the length of the second radiator 212) satisfy the following: H4 ≤ L2 × 25%. In one embodiment, H4 ≤ L2 × 15%. In one embodiment, H4 is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0292] In one embodiment, the fifth tuning circuit 255 and the sixth tuning circuit 256 are in the first circuit state, the first radiator 211 is used to generate the first resonance and the third resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0293] In one embodiment, the second tuning circuit 252 and the fourth tuning circuit 254 are in the first circuit state, the second radiator 212 is used to generate the second resonance and the fourth resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0294] It should be understood that according to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, side feeding can simultaneously excite both the line CM mode and the line DM mode of the radiator. In the first circuit state, the first resonance is primarily generated by the line DM mode of the first radiator 211, the third resonance is primarily generated by the line CM mode of the first radiator 211, the second resonance is primarily generated by the line DM mode of the second radiator 212, and the fourth resonance is primarily generated by the line CM mode of the second radiator 212.

[0295] In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the resonance point of the second resonance and the resonance point of the fourth resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.

[0296] It should be understood that the first radiator 211 resonates in a linear CM mode and a linear DM mode. When the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance (second resonance) and the resonance point of the third resonance (fourth resonance) is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz, the proportion of the linear DM mode in the first resonance (second resonance) can be increased, so that the antenna 200 radiates primarily in the linear DM mode in the resonant frequency band of the first resonance (second resonance), thereby improving the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first frequency band (second frequency band). When the frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance (second resonance) and the resonance point of the third resonance (fourth resonance) is greater than 300 MHz, the proportion of other operating modes (e.g., the linear CM mode) in the first resonance (second resonance) increases, resulting in a decrease in the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first frequency band (second frequency band).

[0297] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0298] It should be understood that since satellite communication and cellular communication (or short-range communication) are not performed simultaneously, in the above embodiment, when the electronic device 10 performs satellite communication, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 can generate the first resonance and the second resonance, so that the antenna can have good radiation characteristics in the first frequency band and the second frequency band. When the electronic device 10 does not perform satellite communication, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 212 can be reused as the radiators of the antenna for cellular communication (or short-range communication).

[0299] In the above embodiments, with the same frame 11 structure, the conductive portion of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 (or the first position 201 and the fourth position 204), and the conductive portion of the frame between the second position 202 and the third position 203 serve as radiators. In contrast, in antenna 200 shown in FIG27 , the conductive portion of the frame between the slot and the ground point serves as the radiator.

[0300] The same structure of the frame 11 can be understood as follows: the frame 11 can have gaps at the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203, and the fourth position 204, and can be coupled to the floor 300 at the first grounding point 241, the second grounding point 242, and the third grounding point 243. The same structure of the frame 11 can also be understood as follows: the length ratios of the frame at the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203, and the fourth position 204 are the same.

[0301] As shown in Figure 27, the conductive portion of the frame between the first ground point 241 and the second position 202 can serve as a radiator 301. Radiator 301 and a feed circuit 311 form a first antenna. In one embodiment, feed circuit 311 can be the first feed circuit 221 in the above-described embodiment. In one embodiment, the third tuning circuit 253 in the above-described embodiment can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the resonance generated by the first antenna.

[0302] In one embodiment, the conductive portion of the frame between the second position 202 and the second ground point 242 can serve as a radiator 302. Radiator 302 and feeding circuit 312 form a second antenna. In one embodiment, feeding circuit 312 can be the second feeding circuit 222 in the above embodiment. In one embodiment, the fourth tuning circuit 254 in the above embodiment can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the resonance generated by the second antenna.

[0303] In one embodiment, the conductive portion of the frame between the third position 203 and the second ground point 242 can serve as a radiator 303. The radiator 303 and the feeding circuit 313 form a third antenna. In one embodiment, the second tuning circuit 252 in the above embodiment can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the resonance generated by the third antenna.

[0304] In one embodiment, the conductive portion of the frame between the first position 201 and the third ground point 243 can serve as a radiator 304. The radiator 304 and the feeding circuit 314 form a fourth antenna. In one embodiment, the sixth tuning circuit 256 in the above embodiment can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the resonance generated by the fourth antenna.

[0305] In one embodiment, the conductive portion of the frame between the fourth position 204 and the third ground point 243 can serve as a radiator 305. The radiator 305 and the feeding circuit 315 form a fifth antenna. In one embodiment, the fifth tuning circuit 255 in the above embodiment can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the resonance generated by the fifth antenna.

[0306] It should be understood that one end of the radiator 301, radiator 302, radiator 303, radiator 304 and radiator 305 described in the embodiment of the present application is a ground end and the other end is an open end, and the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna can all operate in a quarter-wavelength mode.

[0307] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the first antenna may include 2.4 GHz of WiFi, and / or at least part of the frequency band in sub 6G, for example, n77 frequency band.

[0308] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the second antenna may include the L1 frequency band in GPS, and / or at least part of the frequency band in sub 6G, for example, the n79 frequency band.

[0309] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the third antenna may include at least part of the frequency band in the middle band (MB) (1710MHz-2170MHz) and / or at least part of the frequency band in the high band (HB) (2300MHz-2690MHz), for example, B1 (1920MHz-1980MHz), B3 (1710MHz-1785MHz) and B7 (2500MHz-2570MHz) in LTE.

[0310] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the fourth antenna may include at least part of the frequency band in the intermediate frequency and / or at least part of the frequency band in the high frequency, for example, B1 (1920MHz–1980MHz), B3 (1710MHz–1785MHz) and B7 (2500MHz–2570MHz) in LTE.

[0311] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the fifth antenna may include at least part of the frequency band in the intermediate frequency and / or at least part of the frequency band in the high frequency, for example, B1 (1920MHz–1980MHz), B3 (1710MHz–1785MHz) and B7 (2500MHz–2570MHz) in LTE.

[0312] It should be understood that the above embodiment only illustrates the allocation of operating frequency bands for some antennas. In actual production or design, the operating frequency bands of the above antennas may also be adjusted. In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the third antenna may include at least part of the lowband (LB) frequency band, such as B5, B8, and B28 in LTE.

[0313] In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved at the first grounding point 241 through a first grounding member 321 (eg, a metal spring), as shown in Figure 28. The width of the first grounding member 331 connected to the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0314] It should be understood that providing a grounding structure at the first grounding point 241 can provide better isolation between the first antenna and the fourth antenna. As the width of the connection between the first grounding member 311 and the frame increases, the isolation between the first antenna and the fourth antenna increases.

[0315] In one embodiment, the frame 11 is directly electrically connected to the floor 300 at the first connection point 2111 or is electrically connected via a 0 ohm resistor, which can further improve the isolation between the first antenna and the fourth antenna.

[0316] In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved at the second grounding point 242 through a second grounding member 322 (eg, a metal spring). The width of the second grounding member 332 connected to the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.

[0317] It should be understood that providing a grounding structure at the second grounding point 242 can provide better isolation between the second antenna and the third antenna. As the width of the second grounding member 332 connected to the frame increases, the isolation between the second antenna and the third antenna increases.

[0318] In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved at the third grounding point 243 through a third grounding member 323 (eg, a metal spring). The width of the third grounding member 333 connected to the frame is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0319] It should be understood that the grounding structure at the third grounding point 243 can provide better isolation between the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna. As the width of the connection between the third grounding member 333 and the frame increases, the isolation between the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna increases.

[0320] In one embodiment, the length R1 of the radiator 301 (the length of the frame between the second position 202 and the first ground point 241 ) and the length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 satisfy: L1×35%≤R2≤L1×60%.

[0321] In one embodiment, the length R2 of the radiator 302 (the length of the frame between the second position 202 and the second ground point 242 ) and the length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 satisfy: L1×35%≤R2≤L1×60%.

[0322] In one embodiment, the length R3 of the radiator 303 (the length of the frame between the third position 203 and the second ground point 242 ) and the length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 satisfy: L1×30%≤R3≤L1×55%.

[0323] In one embodiment, the length R4 of the radiator 304 (the length of the frame between the first position 201 and the third ground point 243 ) and the length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 satisfy: L1×40%≤R4≤L1×65%.

[0324] In one embodiment, the length R5 of the radiator 305 (the length of the frame between the fourth position 204 and the third ground point 243 ) and the length L1 of the frame between the first position 201 and the second position 202 satisfy: L1×40%≤R4≤L1×65%.

[0325] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The frame comprises a first position, a second position and a third position which are arranged in sequence, wherein the frame has a first gap, a second gap and a third gap respectively formed at the first position, the second position and the third position. The frame further includes a first side and a second side intersecting at an angle, the length of the first side is greater than the length of the second side, the first position and the second position are located on the second side, and the third position is located on the first side; Antenna, including: a first radiator and a second radiator, wherein the first radiator is a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, and the second radiator is a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position, a first feeding circuit, the first radiator or the second radiator comprises a first feeding point, the first feeding point is located at the second side, the first feeding circuit is coupled to the first feeding point, A first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit, the first radiator includes a first connection point, the second radiator includes a second connection point, the first tuning circuit is coupled to the second connection point, and the second tuning circuit is coupled to the first connection point.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first part is greater than or equal to one half of the length of the second part, and less than or equal to two thirds of the length of the second part. The first part is the part of the second radiator on the first side, and the second part is the part of the second radiator on the second side.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first tuning circuit is in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band; The second tuning circuit is in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance includes a second frequency band.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first feeding circuit includes a first radio frequency channel and a second radio frequency channel. The first radio frequency channel is used to feed signals in the first frequency band, and the second radio frequency channel is used to feed signals in the second frequency band.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a second feeding circuit; The first radiator includes the first feeding point, the second radiator includes a second feeding point, the second feeding point is located at the second side, and the second feeding circuit is coupled to the second feeding point.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: At the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction; At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator are in the same direction.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The electronic device also includes a floor; The frame also includes a first grounding point and a second grounding point, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the first grounding point is located between the first feeding point and the first connection point, and the second grounding point is located between the second feeding point and the second connection point.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a third tuning circuit and a fourth tuning circuit; The first radiator includes a third connection point, the second radiator includes a fourth connection point, the first grounding point is located between the first connection point and the third connection point, the second grounding point is located between the second connection point and the fourth connection point, the third tuning circuit is coupled to the third connection point, and the fourth tuning circuit is coupled to the fourth connection point.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit are in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance and a third resonance, and a resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than a resonance point frequency of the first resonance; The second tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit are in the first circuit state, and the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance and a fourth resonance, wherein a resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than a resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz, and / or, A frequency difference between a resonance point of the second resonance and a resonance point of the fourth resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A frequency difference between a resonance point of the third resonance and a resonance point of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 200 MHz and less than or equal to 500 MHz.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a first grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point through the first grounding member; The width of the connection between the first grounding piece and the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a second grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point through the second grounding member; The width of the connection between the second grounding piece and the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A frame includes a first position, a second position, a third position and a fourth position which are arranged in sequence, wherein the frame has a first slit, a second slit, a third slit and a fourth slit respectively formed at the first position, the second position, the third position and the fourth position. The frame further includes a first side, a second side and a third side, the first side and the third side intersect the second side at an angle, the length of the first side is greater than the length of the second side, the length of the third side is greater than the length of the second side, the first position and the second position are located on the second side, the third position is located on the first side, and the fourth position is located on the third side; Antenna, including: a first radiator and a second radiator, wherein the first radiator is a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the fourth position, and the second radiator is a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position, a first feeding circuit and a second feeding circuit, the first radiator includes a first feeding point, the second radiator includes a second feeding point, the first feeding point and the second feeding point are located on the second side, the first feeding circuit is coupled to the first feeding point, and the second feeding circuit is coupled to the second feeding point, A first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit, the first radiator includes a first connection point, the second radiator includes a second connection point, the first tuning circuit is coupled to the second connection point, and the second tuning circuit is coupled to the first connection point.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The length of the first portion is greater than or equal to one half of the length of the second portion, and less than or equal to three half of the length of the second portion, the first portion is the portion of the first radiator on the first side, the second portion is the portion of the first radiator on the second side, and / or, The length of the third part is greater than or equal to one half of the length of the fourth part, and less than or equal to three halfs of the length of the fourth part. The third part is the part of the second radiator on the third side, and the fourth part is the part of the second radiator on the second side.

16. The electronic device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: The first tuning circuit is in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the first resonance includes a first frequency band; The second tuning circuit is in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the second resonance includes a second frequency band.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, characterized in that: At the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction; At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the second radiator are in the same direction.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that: The electronic device also includes a floor; The frame also includes a first grounding point and a second grounding point, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the first grounding point is located between the first feeding point and the first connection point, and the second grounding point is located between the second feeding point and the second connection point.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a third tuning circuit and a fourth tuning circuit; The first radiator includes a third connection point, the second radiator includes a fourth connection point, the first grounding point is located between the first connection point and the third connection point, the second grounding point is located between the second connection point and the fourth connection point, the third tuning circuit is coupled to the third connection point, and the fourth tuning circuit is coupled to the fourth connection point.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, characterized in that: The first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit are in a first circuit state, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance and a third resonance, and a resonance point frequency of the third resonance is lower than a resonance point frequency of the first resonance; The second tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit are in the first circuit state, the second radiator is used to generate a second resonance and a fourth resonance, and the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

21. The electronic device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The frequency difference between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the third resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz, and / or, A frequency difference between a resonance point of the second resonance and a resonance point of the fourth resonance is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 300 MHz.

22. The electronic device according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a first grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point through the first grounding member; The width of the connection between the first grounding piece and the frame is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.

23. The electronic device according to any one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a second grounding member, and the frame is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point through the second grounding member; The width of the connection between the second grounding piece and the frame is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

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