Method for reducing or preventing effect of drought stress on plant

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new method for reducing or preventing the effect of drought stress on a plant.　The present invention is characterized by applying, on a plant exposed to drought stress or a plant having the risk of being exposed to drought stress, at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I) and salts thereof.　In formula (I), R represents a C1-6 alkyl group, X represents a halogeno group, and n represents the number of X and is any one integer of 0-2. When n is 2 or more, the respective X's may be identical or different from each other. Y represents a halogeno group, and m represents the number of Y and is any one integer of 0-3. When m is 2 or more, the respective Y's may be identical or different from each other. Z represents a C1-8 alkyl group or a C1-8 alkoxy group.

Description

How to reduce or prevent the effects of drought stress on plants

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants. This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-138006, filed on August 28, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] Drought stress (sometimes called water stress) refers to the state of depression or tension that occurs when plants become dehydrated and experience a lack of water. Drought stress is perceived by the cells that make up the plant as osmotic stress. As the drought condition progresses, plants exposed to drought stress exhibit various physiological responses, such as suppressed elongation growth, suppressed photosynthesis, synthesis of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA), stomatal closure, increased respiration, and accumulation of compatible solutes involved in the acquisition of tolerance. It is desirable to reduce or prevent the effects of drought stress on plants.

[0003] Incidentally, Patent Document 1 discloses a crop phytotoxicity safener containing hydroxyisoxazole or the like as an active ingredient. According to Patent Document 1, the phytotoxicity safener is a composition that is used in combination with an agricultural material or applied alone before or after the use of the agricultural material to reduce phytotoxicity when known or unknown undesirable phytotoxicity is expected to occur in the crop when the agricultural material is used on cultivated crops to control weeds, diseases, or pests, such as growth impairment, growth suppression, growth inhibition, appearance of brown spots, tillering suppression, yellowing, leaf wither, withering, wilting, bleaching, twisting, browning, root growth inhibition, etc.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a plant growth promoter containing a compound represented by formula (1-31), a compound represented by formula (2-13), or the like as an active ingredient.

[0005]

[0006]

[0007] Patent Document 3 discloses a plant disease control agent containing a compound represented by formula (1)-7 as an active ingredient.

[0008] WO 2019 / 163946 A1 WO 2010 / 001563 A1 WO 2003 / 016303 A1

[0009] "Graphical representation of stereochemical configuration", Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, 1897-1970, 2006 IUPAC

[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a new method for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants.

[0011] The present invention includes the following aspects.

[0012] [1] A method for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on a plant, comprising applying at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by formula (I) and a salt thereof to a plant that has been exposed to drought stress or that may be exposed to drought stress.

[0013]

[0014] [In formula (I), R represents a C1-6 alkyl group, X represents a halogeno group, n represents the number of Xs and is an integer of 0 to 2, provided that when n is 2 or greater, Xs may be the same or different, Y represents a halogeno group, m represents the number of Ys and is an integer of 0 to 3, provided that when m is 2 or greater, Ys may be the same or different, and Z represents a C1-8 alkyl group or a C1-8 alkoxy group.]

[0015] [2] The method according to [1], wherein application to a plant is by spraying on a planted plant, by drenching the soil in which the plant is planted, or by smearing on seeds of the plant.

[0016] [3] The method according to [1] or [2], wherein the plant is a grain, a vegetable, or a legume.

[0017] [4] The method according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein in formula (I), R is a methyl group, n is 0, m is 0, and Z is a t-butyloxy group.

[0018] [5] A composition for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I) and salts thereof as an active ingredient.

[0019]

[0020] [In formula (I), R represents a C1-6 alkyl group, X represents a halogeno group, n represents the number of Xs and is an integer of 0 to 2, provided that when n is 2 or greater, Xs may be the same or different, Y represents a halogeno group, m represents the number of Ys and is an integer of 0 to 3, provided that when m is 2 or greater, Ys may be the same or different, and Z represents a C1-8 alkyl group or a C1-8 alkoxy group.]

[0021] [6] The composition according to [5], formulated so that it can be applied to a plant by spraying the planted plant, drenching the soil in which the plant is planted, or smearing the seeds of the plant.

[0022] [7] The composition according to [5] or [6], wherein the plant is a grain, a vegetable, or a legume.

[0023] [8] The composition according to any one of [5] to [7], wherein in formula (I), R is a methyl group, n is 0, m is 0, and Z is a t-butyloxy group.

[0024] According to the present invention, it is expected that the effect of reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants can be achieved. According to the present invention, the quality and quantity of harvested crops can be improved even when plants are subjected to drought stress. In the present invention, the effect of reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants is an effect that is not related to the growth-promoting effect that the compound represented by formula (I) is known to have.

[0025] In the present invention, drought stress refers to a state of depression or tension that occurs when a plant is deprived of water due to drought, as explained in the Background Art section. The present invention does not cover salt stress, which is a state of depression or tension that occurs under environmental conditions in which the soil salt concentration has shifted above the optimum concentration for growth, such as in coastal areas where seawater may flood or infiltrate, or in arid regions or in saline-accumulated soils artificially created by inadequate irrigation. The method of the present invention for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants comprises applying to a plant that has been exposed to drought stress or that may be exposed to drought stress at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by formula (I) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as compound (I)) and a salt thereof (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a salt of compound (I)).

[0026]

[0027] [In formula (I), R represents a C1-6 alkyl group, X represents a halogeno group, n represents the number of Xs and is an integer of 0 to 2, provided that when n is 2 or greater, Xs may be the same or different, Y represents a halogeno group, m represents the number of Ys and is an integer of 0 to 3, provided that when m is 2 or greater, Ys may be the same or different, and Z represents a C1-8 alkyl group or a C1-8 alkoxy group.]

[0028] In formula (I), the wavy line

[0029]

[0030] is an undefined single stereo bond (see Non-Patent Document 1).

[0031] The compound represented by formula (I) may be the (E) isomer alone, the (Z) isomer alone, or a mixture of the (E) and (Z) isomers. A mixture of the (E) and (Z) isomers can be separated and purified to obtain the (E) isomer alone or the (Z) isomer alone. The (Z) isomer of the compound represented by formula (I) is preferred because it is highly effective in reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants. However, in natural environments, the (E) isomer may change from the (E) isomer to the (Z) isomer or from the (Z) isomer to the (E) isomer due to the action of light, etc., and a mixture of the (E) and (Z) isomers tends to be stabilized at a certain ratio. The stabilization ratio between the (E) and (Z) isomers varies depending on the compound.

[0032] Examples of the C1-6 alkyl group for R in formula (I) include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, amyl, isoamyl, s-amyl, t-amyl, and hexyl. Of these, methyl is preferred. C1-6 indicates that the group comprises 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0033] Examples of the halogeno group for X in formula (I) include a chloro group, a bromo group, an iodo group, and a fluoro group. Of these, a chloro group or a fluoro group is preferred. n represents the number of X and is an integer of 0 to 2. When n is 2 or greater, X may be the same or different. It is preferred that n is zero.

[0034] Examples of the halogeno group for Y in formula (I) include a chloro group, a bromo group, an iodo group, and a fluoro group. Of these, a chloro group or a fluoro group is preferred. m represents the number of Y and is an integer of 0 to 3. When m is 2 or more, the Ys may be the same or different. It is preferable that m is zero.

[0035] Examples of the C1-8 alkyl group for Z in formula (I) include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, amyl, isoamyl, s-amyl, t-amyl, hexyl, heptyl, and octyl groups. Of these, butyl is preferred. C1-8 indicates that the group contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0036] Examples of the C1-8 alkoxy group for Z in formula (I) include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy (n-butyloxy, isobutyloxy, s-butyloxy, t-butyloxy), amyloxy (n-amyloxy, isoamyloxy, s-amyloxy, t-amyloxy), hexyloxy, heptoxy, octyloxy, etc. Of these, butoxy is preferred, and t-butyloxy is particularly preferred.

[0037] Compound (I) in which R is a methyl group, n is 0, m is 0, and Z is a t-butyloxy group (compound represented by formula (I)-1, generic name: picarbutrazox) is particularly preferred.

[0038]

[0039] The salt of Compound (I) is not particularly limited as long as it is an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable salt. Examples thereof include salts of inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid; salts of organic acids such as acetic acid and lactic acid; salts of alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, and potassium; salts of alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium; salts of transition metals such as iron and copper; salts of organic bases such as triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, and hydrazine; and ammonium salts.

[0040] Compound (I) or a salt of compound (I) is not particularly limited by its production method, and can be obtained using known chemical reactions. A salt of compound (I) can be obtained from compound (I) using known chemical reactions. Examples of methods for producing compound (I) or a salt of compound (I) of the present invention include the method described in Patent Document 3.

[0041] The compound (I) and / or a salt of compound (I) to be applied may be compound (I) and / or a salt of compound (I) as it is, or may be a composition containing compound (I) and / or a salt of compound (I) (a composition for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants).

[0042] A composition for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on plants (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the composition of the present invention) contains, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I) and salts thereof. The composition of the present invention may contain other ingredients in addition to compound (I) and / or a salt of compound (I). The content of compound (I) and / or a salt of compound (I) in the composition of the present invention varies depending on the formulation, application method, and other conditions, but is preferably 0.5 to 95% by mass, more preferably 2 to 70% by mass.

[0043] The composition of the present invention may contain other components such as conventional solid carriers, liquid carriers, dispersants, diluents, emulsifiers, spreaders, thickeners, adjuvants, etc. Examples of formulations include wettable powders, liquids, oils, dusts, granules, sols (flowables), etc.

[0044] Examples of solid or liquid carriers include talc, clay, bentonite, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite, mica, vermiculite, gypsum, calcium carbonate, white carbon, wood flour, starch, alumina, silicates, sugar polymers, waxes, water, alcohols (methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, etc.), petroleum distillates (petroleum ether, kerosene, solvent naphtha, etc.), aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons (n-hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, chlorobenzene, cumene, methyl naphtha, etc.), and the like. Examples of suitable solvents include toluene, methyl ether, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl ether ...

[0045] Examples of adjuvants include nonionic surfactants (polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl esters, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl esters, sorbitan alkyl esters, etc.), anionic surfactants (alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, etc.), cationic surfactants (alkylamines, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, quaternary ammonium salts, etc.), amphoteric surfactants (alkylaminoethylglycine, alkyldimethylbetaine, etc.), polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, casein, and sodium alginate.

[0046] The composition of the present invention may contain other components such as known pesticides, known fertilizers, etc. Examples of pesticides include agricultural and horticultural fungicides, plant growth regulators, insecticides, and acaricides.

[0047] Sensitivity to drought stress varies among plant species, and even within the same species, it varies depending on the growth stage. It is also affected by meteorological conditions such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and precipitation, as well as physicochemical environmental conditions such as soil moisture status. Soil consists of three phases: solid, liquid, and gas. Soil with an excessively high gas phase ratio is said to be prone to water shortages. For example, in sandy soil, the solid:liquid:gas ratio is approximately 45-55:5-15:35-45. The method of the present invention can be performed when a water shortage is imminent or has already occurred. It can be carried out as follows by measuring the soil's pF value. It is preferably applied to: i) soil with a pF exceeding 3.0 or 3.8, or soil that has a pF exceeding 3.0 or 3.8; ii) plants that are to be planted or have been planted in soil with a pF exceeding 3.0 or 3.8, or soil that has a pF exceeding 3.0 or 3.8; or iii) seeds that are to be sown in soil with a pF exceeding 3.0 or 3.8, or soil that has a pF exceeding 3.0 or 3.8. Note that pF is the strength of water adhesion to the soil and can be measured using a known measuring device. Poor growth is likely to occur in soil with a pF exceeding 3.0 if water management is not performed properly, and wilting is likely to occur in soil with a pF exceeding 3.8 if water management is not performed properly. The pF value can be measured using a tensiometer with a porous cup and then calculated using the following formula: pF = logH where H = 12.5ab H: Soil moisture tension (cm of water column) a = Height of mercury column measured from zero point (cm) b = Height from zero point to the center of porous cup (cm)

[0048] The plants to which the present invention is applicable are not particularly limited as long as they are plants that are exposed to drought stress or are likely to be exposed to drought stress. Examples of plants to which the present invention is applicable include cereals of the Gramineae family, such as rice, barley, wheat, barnyard millet, corn, and foxtail millet; vegetables, such as pumpkin, turnip, cabbage, radish, Chinese cabbage, spinach, bell pepper, tomato, lettuce, and cucumber; flowers, such as chrysanthemum, gerbera, pansy, orchid, peony, and tulip; beans, such as adzuki beans, kidney beans, soybeans, peanuts, broad beans, and peas; tubers, such as potato, sweet potato, taro, yam, and taro; and allium species, such as leeks, onions, and scallions.

[0049] Application to plants can be directly or indirectly applied to plants, and examples of application to plants include spraying, coating, etc. on planted plants (stems, leaves, etc.), spraying, drenching, mixing, etc. on the soil in which the plants are planted, and spraying, smearing, etc. on plant seeds (seeds, bulbs, etc.).

[0050] The application rate varies depending on the target plant, the growing environment, and other factors. For example, in the case of foliar application, a solution with an active ingredient concentration of preferably 1 to 10,000 ppm, more preferably 10 to 1,000 ppm, and even more preferably 50 to 100 ppm is applied at 50 to 300 L per 10 ares. Foliar application is preferably applied to young seedlings. In the case of soil application, the amount of active ingredient is preferably 0.1 to 1,000 g, more preferably 10 to 100 g, per 10 ares. In addition, in the case of seed treatment, the amount of active ingredient applied is preferably 0.1 to 5,000 g, more preferably 2 to 5 g, per 100 kg of seeds. Therefore, it is preferable to dilute the composition of the present invention with water to the desired ratio before application.

[0051] The effects of the present invention will now be specifically explained using test examples, although the scope of the present invention is not limited to these test examples.

[0052] The excellent effects of the present invention will be explained below with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0053] (Preparation of Drought Stress Relief Agent (A)) A flowable formulation containing 5% (w / w) of picabutrazox was obtained.

[0054] (Preparation of Drought Stress Relief Agent (B)) A flowable formulation containing 10% (w / w) of picabutrazox was obtained.

[0055] Test Example 1 (Drought Stress Reduction in Chinese Cabbage) Chinese cabbage (variety: Yuo) was sown in a 72-well seedling tray and grown in a greenhouse until the plants reached a height of 4-7 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress reducer (A) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and sprayed at a rate of 0.5 L per seedling tray (300 mm x 590 mm x 45 mm). In the control area, tap water was sprayed at a rate of 0.5 L per seedling tray. The plants were watered daily at the specified amount and cultivated for 5 days. They were then cultivated in a rain shed without watering for an additional 5 days. The number of Chinese cabbage seedlings was counted to determine whether they had wilted.

[0056] In the control area, wilting due to drought was observed in 20 of the 30 Chinese cabbage seedlings. On the other hand, in the area treated with the drought stress reducer (A), wilting due to drought was observed in 13 of the 30 Chinese cabbage seedlings. This shows that drought stress was reduced by the drought stress reducer (A).

[0057] Test Example 2 (Drought Stress Reduction in Chinese Cabbage) Chinese cabbage (variety: Yuo) was sown in a 72-well seedling tray and grown in a greenhouse until the plants reached a height of 5-8 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress reducer (A) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and sprayed at a rate of 0.5 L per seedling tray (300 mm x 590 mm x 45 mm). In the control area, tap water was sprayed at a rate of 0.5 L per seedling tray. The plants were watered daily at the specified amount and cultivated for 5 days. They were then cultivated in a rain shed without watering for an additional 5 days. The number of Chinese cabbage seedlings was counted to determine whether they had wilted.

[0058] In the control area, wilting due to drought was observed in 5 of 45 Chinese cabbage seedlings. On the other hand, in the area treated with drought stress reducer (A), wilting due to drought was observed in 1 of 45 Chinese cabbage seedlings. This shows that drought stress was reduced by the drought stress reducer (A).

[0059] Test Example 3 (Drought Stress Reduction in Lettuce) Lettuce (variety: Cisco) was sown in a 72-well seedling tray and grown in a greenhouse until the plants reached a height of 7-10 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress mitigating agent (A) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and sprayed at a rate of 0.5 L per seedling tray (300 mm x 590 mm x 45 mm). In the control area, tap water was sprayed at a rate of 0.5 L per seedling tray. The plants were watered daily at the specified amount and cultivated for five days. They were then grown in a shed without watering for an additional five days. The number of lettuce seedlings was counted to determine whether they had wilted.

[0060] In the control area, wilting due to drought was observed in 9 out of 30 lettuce seedlings. On the other hand, in the area treated with drought stress reducer (A), wilting due to drought was observed in 5 out of 30 lettuce seedlings. This shows that drought stress was reduced by the drought stress reducer (A).

[0061] Test Example 4 (Drought Stress Reduction in Soybeans I) Soybeans (cultivar: Enrei) were sown in plastic pots (7.5 cm x 7.5 cm x 9.0 cm) and grown in a greenhouse until they reached a height of 12-15 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress mitigating agent (B) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. In the control group, tap water was irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. The plants were then cultivated in a greenhouse for 6 days without irrigation. The number of soybean seedlings in each group was counted to determine whether they had wilted.

[0062] In the control area, wilting due to drought was observed in three out of five soybean seedlings. On the other hand, in the area treated with the drought stress reducer (B), wilting due to drought was observed in one out of five soybean seedlings. This shows that drought stress was reduced by the drought stress reducer (B).

[0063] Test Example 5 (Drought Stress Reduction II in Soybeans) Soybeans (cultivar: Enrei) were sown in plastic pots (7.5 cm x 7.5 cm x 9.0 cm) and grown in a greenhouse until they reached a height of 12-15 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress mitigating agent (B) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. In the control group, tap water was irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. The plants were then grown in a greenhouse for 12 days without irrigation. After that, the plants were irrigated daily with the specified amount of water and grown for an additional 3 days. The number of soybean seedlings was counted to determine whether they withered or died.

[0064] In the control area, two out of five soybean seedlings were observed to wither. On the other hand, in the area treated with the drought stress reducer (B), none of the five soybean seedlings were observed to wither. This shows that the drought stress reducer (B) reduced drought stress.

[0065] Test Example 6 (Drought Stress Reduction III in Soybeans) Soybeans (cultivar: Enrei) were sown in plastic pots (7.5 cm x 7.5 cm x 9.0 cm) and grown in a greenhouse until they reached a height of 12 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress reducer (B) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. In the control group, tap water was irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. The plants were then cultivated in a greenhouse for four days without irrigation. In the control group, wilting was observed in eight of nine soybean seedlings. On the other hand, wilting was observed in seven of nine soybean seedlings in the drought stress reducer (B)-treated group. This demonstrates that drought stress was reduced by the drought stress reducer (B).

[0066] The plants were then watered daily with the specified amount and cultivated for two more days. In the control group, three of the eight wilted soybean seedlings survived and regenerated. Meanwhile, in the group treated with the drought stress reducer (B), all seven wilted soybean seedlings survived and regenerated. This shows that the drought stress reducer (B) can give plants the ability to regenerate from wilting caused by drought stress.

[0067] Test Example 7 (Drought Stress Mitigation in Corn) Corn (variety: Snowdent 122 Leo) was sown in plastic pots (7.5 cm x 7.5 cm x 9.0 cm) and grown in a greenhouse until the plants reached a height of 10-13 cm. 1.0 mL of the drought stress mitigating agent (B) was diluted with 1.0 L of tap water and irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. In the control area, tap water was irrigated at a rate of 20 mL per pot. The plants were then grown in a greenhouse for 7 days without irrigation. The number of corn seedlings in each area was counted to determine whether they had wilted.

[0068] In the control area, wilting due to drought was observed in two of the five corn seedlings. On the other hand, in the area treated with the drought stress reducer (B), no wilting due to drought was observed in any of the five corn seedlings. This shows that drought stress was reduced by the drought stress reducer (B).

[0069] As described above, it is clear that the present invention can reduce or prevent the effects of drought stress on plants.

Claims

1. A method for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on a plant, comprising applying to a plant exposed to drought stress or at risk of being exposed to drought stress at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by formula (I) and a salt thereof. [In formula (I), R represents a C1-6 alkyl group, X represents a halogeno group, n represents the number of X and is an integer of 0 to 2, and when n is 2 or more, X may be the same or different, Y represents a halogeno group, m represents the number of Y and is an integer of 0 to 3, and when m is 2 or more, Y may be the same or different, and Z represents a C1-8 alkyl group or a C1-8 alkoxy group.] 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein application to the plant is by spraying the planted plant, by drenching the soil in which the plant is planted, or by smearing the seeds of the plant.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant is a cereal, vegetable or legume.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in formula (I), R is a methyl group, n is 0, m is 0, and Z is a t-butyloxy group.

5. A composition for reducing or preventing the effects of drought stress on a plant, comprising as an active ingredient at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (I) and salts thereof. [In formula (I), R represents a C1-6 alkyl group, X represents a halogeno group, n represents the number of X and is an integer of 0 to 2, and when n is 2 or more, X may be the same or different, Y represents a halogeno group, m represents the number of Y and is an integer of 0 to 3, and when m is 2 or more, Y may be the same or different, and Z represents a C1-8 alkyl group or a C1-8 alkoxy group.] 6. The composition of claim 5, formulated so that it can be applied to a plant by spraying the plant, by drenching the soil in which the plant is planted, or by smearing the seeds of the plant.

7. The composition according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the plant is a cereal, vegetable or legume.

8. The composition according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in formula (I), R is a methyl group, n is 0, m is 0, and Z is a t-butyloxy group.

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